PREPOSICIONES GRIEGAS

BAUER, W., A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature.
(Hom.+ gener.; inscr., pap., LXX, Ep. Arist., Philo, Joseph., Test. 12 Patr.) adversative particle indicating a
difference with or contrast to what precedes, in the case of individual clauses as well as whole sentences but, yet,
rather, nevertheless, at least.
1. after a negativea. introducing a contrast , Mt 5:17. . .
. 7:21. , Mk 5:39. Mt 22:32; Mk
12:27; Lk 20:38.W. ascensive force (Bl-D. 448; Rob. 1187) . . . not only. . . , but also (Ep.
Arist. oft.; Jos., Bell. 3, 102) , Ac 21:13.
26:29; cf. 27:10; Ro 1:32; 4:12, 16; 9:24; 13:5; 2 Cor 8:10, 21; 9:12; Eph 1:21; Phil 1:29; 1 Th 1:5;
2:8; Hb 12:26; 1 Pt 2:18. W. the first member shortened , not only this (is the case), but also:
(sc. ), Ro 5:3, cf. vs. 11; 8:23; 9:10; 2
Cor 8:19.Introducing the main point after a question expressed or implied, which has been answered in the negative
, no; rather his name shall be John Lk 1:60. , ,
no! I tell you; rather, if you do not repent 13:3, 5; cf. 16:30; J 7:12; Ac 16:37; Ro 3:27; after
, which serves as a strong negation 3:31; 7:7, 13; cf. 1 Cor 7:21. The neg. answer is omitted as obvious: (no,)
instead of that 6:6 (as a declaration). Instead of .: Lk 12:51; B 2:8. Also after a negative and , as in
class. (Khner-G. II 284f; IG IV 951, 76 [320 BC]; PPetr. II 46a, 5 [200 BC]; Bl-D. 448, 8): except
for we write you nothing (else) except what you (really) read 2 Cor 1:13.
This construction is a combination of . . . , (PTebt. 104, 19 [92 BC]
, ) 1 Cl 51:5, and . . . (Ps.-Clem., Hom. 16,
20).
b. within the same clause, used to contrast single words . . . Mt 9:13; Lk 5:32.
Mk 9:37. 14:36, cf. J 5:30; 6:38.
7:16. 1 Cor 7:10. ,
6:13. 11:17. 12:14.
D 5:2. B 1:8 and oft. In Mt 20:23,
, has been shortened from . . .
, .But s. WBeck, CTM 21, 50, 606-10 for the mng. except for
Mt 20:23=Mk 10:40, and Mk 4:22, also 9:8 v.l. (for ); D 9:5. So also Bl-D. 448, 8; Mlt.-Turner 330; MBlack,
An Aramaic Approach3, 67, 113f.After , to indicate that a limiting phrase is to follow ,
Ro 14:20. _____ , 1 Cor
14:17.The use of in the Johannine lit. is noteworthy, in that the parts contrasted are not always of equal standing
grammatically: = . . . 1:8;
. . . although I did not know him, yet I came vs. 31. , ,
I said, I am not the Christ; rather, I was sent before him 3:28. ,
neither this man has sinned, nor his parents, but (he was born blind) that. . . might be
revealed 9:3.
2. when whole clauses are compared, can indicate a transition to someth. different or contrasted: but, yet.
, Mt 24:6, cf. Lk 21:9. ,
J 11:11, cf. vs. 15; 16:20; Lk 22:36; J 4:23; 6:36, 64; 8:37; Ac 9:6; Ro 10:18f. . . . . . .
sin is not charged; nevertheless. . . 5:13f. Introducing an objection (Jos., Bell. 7, 363
) 1 Cor 15:35; Js 2:18. Taking back or limiting a preceding statement ,
Mk 14:36. , Ro 5:15.
1 Cor 9:12. 7:7.
D 1:6.In , . . . ; in Hb 3:16 , in the opinion of some, seems to owe its
origin solely to a misunderstanding of the preceding as by an early copyist (Bl-D. 448, 4 w. app.), but
here may convey strong asseveration surely (so NEB). See 3 below.
3. before independent clauses, to indicate that the preceding is to be regarded as a settled matter, thus forming a
transition to someth. new . . . but this rabble. . . is accursed J 7:49.
(no, not at all!) but in all these we are more than conquerors Ro 8:37.
, . . . (no!) but they (the heathen) offer what they sacrifice to demons 1 Cor 10:20. Cf.
Gal 2:3 and Mt 11:7f ; (you could not have wanted to see that;) but what, did you go out to
see? Also to be explained elliptically is the ascensive (and not only this,) but also Lk 12:7; 16:21; 24:22; Phil
1:18; negative Lk 23:15; Ac 19:2; 1 Cor 3:2; 4:3; strengthened indeed Lk 24:21;
Phil 3:8; Hb 3:16 (s. 2 above) may well be rendered (as NEB) all those, surely, whom Moses had led out
50

of Egypt (cf. Dio Chrys. 33, 36; 47, 3).

4. in the apodosis of conditional sentences yet, certainly, at least ,
certainly I will not Mk 14:29; cf. 1 Cor 8:6; 2 Cor 4:16; 5:16; 11:6; strengthened :
. . . , (sc. ) we shall certainly be united w. him in his

resurrection Ro 6:5; limited by : , at least I am one to you 1 Cor 9:2

(cf. X., Cyr. 1, 3, 6; Bl-D. 439, 2; Dana and Mantey 211). ,
certainly not many fathers 1 Cor 4:15.
5. rhetorically ascensive: (not only this,) but rather , ,
, , , , even 2 Cor 7:11.
6. w. an imper. to strengthen the command: now, then (Arrian, Anab. 5, 26, 4 =so hold on!
Jos., Ant. 4, 145; Sib. Or. 3, 624; 632): now come and lay your hand on her
Mt 9:18. , now help me, if you can (in any way) Mk 9:22. now go
and tell 16:7. Ac 10:20. 26:16.In same sense w. subjunctive . . .
now let us warn them not to speak any longer 4:17.
. . . 2 Cor 8:7. Eph 5:24 is prob. to be understood in this way
as an ellipsis, and can be expanded thus: then just as the church is subject to Christ, wives should also be subject
to their husbands. Yet is also used to introduce an inference from what precedes: so, therefore, accordingly
(e.g., Aristoph., Ach. 1189 . =here he is in person. So open the door, Birds
1718; Herodas 7, 89; Artem. 4, 27 p. 219, 22). M-M.