TOPIC: RESEARCH IN EDUCATIONAL TECHNIQUES OF PRE-PRIMARY SCHOOL

GROUP MEMBERS:DHRUTI. MANIAR MANASI. THAKURDESAI

MEGHA .GUPTA JAYALAKSHMI .GOPAKUMAR SUBJECT: QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH METHOD

CONTENTS

1. BACKGROUND OF RESEARCH
2. FORMULATION OF TOPIC / PROJECT 3. HYPOTHESIS CONSTRUCTION 4. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY FLOW CHART 5. DESIGN OF QUESTIONNAIRE 6. SAMPLE DESIGN 7. DATA COLLECTION 8. DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

9. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

10. SCOPE OF RESEARCH

BACKGROUND OF RESEARCH
PRE-PRIMARY EDUCATION IS ROOT OR FOUNDATION FOR EDUCATION OF KIDS. A SOUND PRE SCHOOL WOULD ENSURE A CHILDS GOOD EDUCATION. TO UNDERSTAND WHY PARENTS GIVE MORE IMPORTANCE IN SELECTION CRITERIA OF PREPRIMARY SCHOOL. TO STUDY CAUSES AND METHODS FOR COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IN TODAYS TODDLERS. TO STUDY WHETHER THE TEACHING METHODS ARE OVER-COMPENSATING OR NOT.

UNIVERSE CBSE BOARD SCHOOLS IN NAVI MUMBAI SOURCE OF SAMPLE -DELIBERATE SAMPLE PERSONAL INTERVIEW, WEBSITES,ARTICLES,NEWSPAPER SCHOOL MAGAZINES TYPE OF RESEARCH DESCRIPTIVE AND ANALYTICAL DESCRIPTION OF STATE OF AFFAIRS AS IT EXIST AT PRESENT. ANALYTICAL IS USED TO FACT OR INFO ALREADY AVAILABLE AND ANALYSE THIS TO MAKE CRITICAL EVALUATION OF MATERIAL. EMPRICAL DATABASE RESEARCH TO COME UP WITH CONCLUSION WHICH ARE CAPABLE OF BEING VERIFIED BY OBSERVATION.

TYPE OF RESEARCH
DESCRIPTIVE -----DESCRIPTION OF STATE OF AFFAIRS AS IT EXIST AT PRESENT. ANALYTICAL ----USED FACTS OR INFORMATION ALREADY AVAILABLE AND ANALYSE THESE TO MAKE CRITICAL EVALUATION OF MATERIAL. EMPRICAL DATABASE RESEARCH ------TO COME UP WITH CONCLUSIONS WHICH ARE CAPABLE OF BEING VERIFIED BY OBSERVATION.

FORMULATION OF TOPIC OR PROJECT.

STRATEGIES: 1. TO IDENTIFY THE STUDY POPULATION. SCHOOLS NEIGHBOURS PLAY SCHOOLS 2. SELECTION OF A ZONE TO NARROW DOWN THE SEARCH.

SELECTION OF 12 CBSE SCHOOLS IN NAVI MUMBAI. DIVIDED AMONGST 4 TEAM MEMBERS EQUALLY.
3. TO UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEMS RELATED TO OUR RESEARCH. BY STUDYING CURRICULUMS AND PROGRAMMES OF VARIOUS SCHOOL, THROUGH PERSONAL VISITS AND WEBSITES. BY IDENTIFTING STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESS.

FORMULATION OF TOPIC OR PROJECT.

4. ANTICIPATED LIMITATIONS IN THE NATURE OF RESEARCH

NON-RESPONDENTS DUE TO HOLIDAY SEASONS. SOME OF THE QUESTIONS IN THE QUESTIONNAIRES COULD INTERPRETED . NATURAL BIAS IN THE RESPONDANTS . BIAS COULD ALSO BE IN THE INTERVIEWER.

BE MIS-

HYPOTHESIS CONSTRUCTION
THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM TODAY IN SCHOOLS ARE MORE TECHNOLEGICALLY ORIENTED. THIS MAKES STUDENTS MORE DEPENDENT ON INTERNET BASED RESEARCH AND LESS SELF RELIANT AND LESS OBSERVANT. OVERCOMPENSATION BY INSTITUTES AND INCREASED AVAILAIBILITY OF RESOURCES CAN HAVE AN ADVERSE IMPACT ON KIDS WHICH CAN REDUCE THE ANALYTICAL POWER OF A CHILD.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY FLOW CHART

TOPIC SELECTION REVIEW EXISTING RESEARCH OR THEORY HYPOTHESIS FORMULATION
INDIRECT METHOD DIRECT METHOD

OBSERVATION

SELECTION OF UNIVERSE SAMPLE DESIGN QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN

CENTRAL EDITING

RESULT OF BOTH METHODS

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION HYPOTHESIS TESTING CONCLUSION

E-MAILS SOCIAL NETWORK INTERVIEWS

PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION (QUESTIONNAIRES)

DESIGN OF QUESTIONNAIRE
ANY QUESTIONNAIRE IS DESIGNED TO HAVE MAINLY 1. OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS 2. CLOSE END QUESTIONS 3. FEEDBACK QUESTIONS CONSIDERING OUR FORMULATION OF RESERCH TOPIC THE QUESTIONNAIRE NEEDEED MORE OPEN END AND FEEDBACK QS AS THE RESEARCH WAS EXPECTED /ASSUMED WOULD REQUIRE TO BE MORE QUALITATIVE BASED. THE QUESTIONS WERE PLANNED MAINLY IN THE BELOW 4 CATEGORIES: A) PERSONAL AND PROFFESIONAL BIODATA OF PARENTS/TEACHERS. B) TEACHING METHDOLOGIES AND CURICULUM OF PRE PRIMARY SCHOOLS. C) RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHERS STUDENTS PARENTS. D) SCOPE FOR IMPROVEMENTS. THERE WERE SEPARATE QUESTIONNAIRES FOR PARENTS AND TEACHERS/PRINICIPALS.

SAMPLE DESIGN
TYPE OF UNIVERSE : FINITE CONSISTING OF CBSE PREPRIMARY SCHOOLS IN NAVI MUMBAI. SAMPLING UNITS : MOSTLY SOCIOLOGICAL (GENDER ,ECONOMIC , AND GEOGRAPHICAL(ZONE) SOURCE LIST : PREPRIMARY SCHOOLS , SCHOOL WEBSITES , ARTICLES. SCHOOL MAGAZINES. SIZE OF SAMPLE : SMALL PARAMETERS OF INTEREST : CHANGE IN TEACHING METHODOLOGIES AND SUBJECTS IN PREPRIMARY SCHOOLS IN PAST DECADE. BUDGET : MINIMAL MOSTLY FOR STATIONARY. SAMPLING PROCEDURE : IT INVOLVED LESS NATURAL BIAS AND MINIMAL SAMPLING ERROR.

SAMPLING TYPE : SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING.

SAMPLE DESIGN
TOTAL NO OF SAMPLES COLLECTED WERE 60. ---- 20 FROM TECAHERS/PRINCIPALS OF VARIOUS SCHOOLS. ---- 40 FROM PARENTS OF CHILDREN IN PREPRIMARY SCHOOLS. VARIOUS LOCATIONS FOR COLLECTION OF SAMPLES WERE : ---- SCHOOLS WITH PREPRIMARY CLASSES AND ALSO ONLY SOLE PREPRIMARY SCHOOLS. RESIDENIAL COLONIES AND OFFICES. EMAILS AND SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES. THE SAMPLING PROCESS WAS DONE BY DELIBERATE SAMPLING DESIGN.

DATA COLLECTION AND DATA EDITING

PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION: --- IT WAS DONE BY SURVEY PROCEDURE BY OBSERVATION AND INTERVIEWS. ---- THUS IT INCLUDED QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS AND SELF OBSERVATION. SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION : ----- IT WAS DONE BY COMPILING ALREADY AVAILAIBLE INTERNET RESOURCES EG ARTICLES FROM SCHOOL WEBSITES. DATA EDITING : IT WAS DONE BY COMPILATION OF ALL (QUESTIONNAIRES RECEIVED FROM PERSONAL INTERVIEWS , EMAILS AND SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES AND OBSERVATIONS) PRIMARY DATA.

THE DATA WAS EDITED BY CENTRAL EDITING.(GROUPED AS PER SCHOOLS AGE OF CHILDREN ETC ) THE SECONDARY DATA WAS ALSO EDITED TO KEEP MINIMUM RELEVANT DATA.

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

ARE CHILDREN HAPPY GOING TO SCHOOL ? ARE TIME AND RESOURCES PUT TODAY BY PARENTS EXPENSIVE , NOT EXPENSIVE?

10%
HAPPY 90 % NOT HAPPY 60 % 40 % YES NOT WORTH YES BUT WORTH

FAVORITE SUBJECTS
10 %
20 % 30 % OTHERS 40 % ARTS/CRAFT MUSIC/DANCE GRP DISC.

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

20 % 50 % 30 %

YES

NO YES BUT JUSTIFIED

TODAY PREPRIMARY CHILDREN ARE ADDICTED TO COMPUTER

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

DESCRIPTIVE ANAYLSIS:
SOME GENERAL COMPLAINTS OF TODDLERS: 1. BOREDOM , HANDS PAINING TIME AND MONEY RESOURCES HAS INCREASED EXPONENTIALLY. PRACTICAL AND LIVE TEACHING METHODOLOGIES ARE FOLLOWED. ENCOURAGING APPRECIATION METHODS ARE USED

FOCUS

DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL ,
EMOTIONAL,COMMUNICATIVE, COGNITIVE AND SOCIAL SKILLS.

FAMILY INVOLEMENT PROGRAMMES

HYPOTHESIS TESTING
THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM TODAY IN SCHOOLS ARE MORE TECHNOLOGICALLY ORIENTED? YES

THIS MAKES STUDENTS MORE DEPENDENT ON INTERNET BASED RESEARCH AND LESS SELF RELIANT AND LESS OBSERVANT?

NO
OVERCOMPENSATION BY INSTITUTES AND INCREASED AVAILAIBILITY OF RESOURCES CAN HAVE AN ADVERSE IMPACT ON KIDS WHICH CAN REDUCE THE ANALYTICAL POWER OF A CHILD ? NO. LIVE EXAMPLES AND EXPERIENCES ARE MAKING LEARNING FUN PLAY AND RATIONALISED AND INDEPTH UNDERSTANDING OCCURS.

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