PERBANDINGAN JARINGAN GIGABYTE PASSIVE OPTICAL

NETWORK DAN MULTI SERVICE ACCESS NODE

PADA PT. TELKOM

SKRIPSI

oleh:
Kristian Steven
Setiyo Jati Kusumo
Ardi Atmaja Prawira Rullah

1200955360
1200955865
1200956893

Kelas / Kelompok : 08 PAT / Kelompok 07

Universitas Bina Nusantara

Jakarta
2012

DAFTAR ISI

Halaman Judul................................................................................................................. i
Halaman Judul Dalam................................................................................................... ii
Halaman Persetujuan Hard Cover................................................................................. iii
Halaman Persetujuan Dewan Penguji........................................................................... iv
Halaman Pemberian Hak Cipta Non Eksklusif Dari Mahasiswa Ke Universitas
Bina Nusantara..................................................................vii
Abstrak....................................................................................... viii
Prakata....................................................................................................................ix
DaftarIsi......................................................................................................... x
Daftar Tabel................................................................................................................ xiv
Daftar Gambar...........................................................................................xv
Daftar Lampiran..........................................................................................................xvii
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang........................................................................................... 1
1.2 Ruang Lingkup .............................................................................................3
1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat
1.3.1 Tujuan........................................................................................ 4
1.3.2 Manfaat............................................................................................ 4
1.4 Metodologi Penelitian...................................................................................5
1.5 Sistematika Penulisan....................................................................................7
BAB 2 LANDASAN TEORI

2.1 Teori-teori Umum

2.1.1 Pengertian Jaringan Komputer.......................................................... 9
2.1.2 Arsitektur Jaringan
2.1.2.1 Client/Server Model............................................................. 10
2.1.3 Peralatan Jaringan Komputer
2.1.3.1 Network Device......................................................................11
2.1.4 Media Transmisi
2.1.4.1 Kabel Twisted Pair................................................................. 17
2.1.4.2 Optical Media........................................................................ 21
2.1.5Arsitektur Protokol Jaringan
2.1.5.1 Model OSI............................................................................. 24
2.1.5.2 Model TCP/IP....................................................................... 28
2.1.6 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)............................... 30
2.1.7 Bandwidth dan Throughput............................................................... 31
2.1.8 Metode Transmisi Data
2.1.8.1 Unicast.................................................................................. 32
2.1.8.2 Multicast................................................................................ 32
2.1.8.3 Broadcast................................................................................33
2.1.9 Masalah Transmisi Data
2.1.9.1 Redaman Murni..................................................................

34

2.1.9.2 Interference (Interferensi)................................................... 34

2.1.9.3 Distortion (Distorsi)............................................................ 38
2.2 Teori- teori Khusus

2.2.1 Jaringan Lokal Akses Fiber (JARLOKAF).................................... 41

2.2.2 Jaringan Lokal Akses Tembaga (JARLOKAT..................................45
2.2.3 Layanan Triple Play..........................................................................50
2.2.4 Metode Kualitas VoIP..................................................................... 54
2.2.5 Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON).......................................56
2.2.5.1 Konfigurasi GPON.............................................................. 57
2.2.6 Multi Service Access Node (MSAN)................................................59
2.2.6.1 Konfigurasi MSAN.............................................................. 60
2.2.7 Parameter yang digunakan............................................................... 72
2.2.8 Sinyal Analog................................................................................. 74
2.2.9 Sinyal Digital............................................................... 75
BAB 3 ANALISIS SISTEM YANG BERJALAN
3.1 Latar Belakang Dan Gambaran Umum PT. Telkom...................................76
3.1.1 Latar Belakang PT. Telkom............................................................... 76
3.1.2 Visi dan Misi PT. Telkom................................................................. 78
3.1.3 Logo PT. Telkom........................................................................... 79
3.1.4 Alamat PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia, Tbk.......................................80
3.2 Struktur Organisasi Pada PT. Telkom........................................................ 81
3.2.1 Tugas dan Wewenang........................................................................ 82
3.2.2 Daerah Operasional PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia, Tbk..................88
3.3 Analisis Survei Wawancara dan Studi Literatur..........................................89
3.3.1 Analisis Survei.................................................................................. 89
3.3.2 Analisis Wawancara........................................................................... 90

3.3.3 Studi Literatur.................................................................................. 95

3.4 Prosedur yang Sedang Berjalan pada PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia.........96
3.4.1 Prosedur GPON..................................................................................96
3.4.1.1 Arsitektur Fiber Optic yang Dimiliki PT. Telkom................ 98
3.4.1.2 Konfigurasi GPON.................................................................99
3.4.2 Prosedur MSAN...............................................................................101
3.4.2.1 Konfigurasi MSAN..............................................................102
3.5 Gambaran Umum Permasalahan pada Penelitian......................................110
3.6 Alternatif Pemecahan Masalah..................................................................111
BAB 4 HASIL PENELITIAN
4.1 Penyajian Data Penelitian..........................................................................114
4.1.1 Perangkat yang Digunakan Dalam Pengukuran........................114
4.1.2 Produk yang digunakan untuk perbandingan..............................114
4.1.3 Hasil Pengukuran........................................................................115
4.2 Perbandingan Hasil Data Penelitian......................................................... 120
4.2.1 Perbandingan Kualitas Gambar................................................. 120
4.2.2 Perbandingan Kualitas Jaringan................................................ 121
4.2.3 Perbandingan Kualitas Suara.. ..................................................123
4.2.4 Perbandingan Kepuasan Pelanggan.......................................... 126
4.3 Kesimpulan Hasil Data Penelitian.............................................................129
BAB 5 SIMPULAN DAN SARAN
5.1 Simpulan....................................................131
5.2 Saran........................................................................................................ 131

DAFTAR PUSTAKA............................................................................................... 133

DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP
LAMPIRAN

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1.1 Gantt Chart .....................................................................................................6

Tabel 2.1 Nilai MOS.................................................................................................... 54
Tabel 2.2 Hubungan nilai R dengan nilai MOS............................................................56
Tabel 3.1 Tabel wawancara dengan narasumber...........................................................91
Tabel 4.1 Hasil pengukuran GPON.............................................................................115
Tabel 4.2 Hasil pengukuran MSAN ...........................................................................116
Tabel 4.3 Hasil pengukuran parameter kualitas gambar jaringan GPON...................118
Tabel 4.4 Hasil pengukuran parameter untuk kualitas gambar jaringan MSAN ........118
Tabel 4.5 Tabel Perbandingan kualitas gambar.......................................................... 121
Tabel 4.6 Tabel Perbandingan kualitas jaringan..........................................................123
Tabel 4.7 Hasil Monitoring GPON .............................................................................124
Tabel 4.8 Hasil Monitoring MSAN ............................................................................125
Tabel 4.9 Hasil kualitas MOS VoIP.............................................................................129

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Modem.......................................................................................................12

Gambar 2.2 Hub ...........................................................................................................13
Gambar 2.3 Switch .......................................................................................................14
Gambar 2.4 Wireless Router. ........................................................................................16
Gambar 2.5 Kabel UTP.................................................................................................18
Gambar 2.6 Straight-through Cable..............................................................................19
Gambar 2.7 Crossover Cable........................................................................................20
Gambar 2.8 Kabel STP..................................................................................................21
Gambar 2.9 Single-mode Fiber.....................................................................................22
Gambar 2.10 Multimode Fiber. ....................................................................................23
Gambar 2.11 Model OSI ..............................................................................................24
Gambar 2.12 Model TCP/IP .........................................................................................28
Gambar 2.13 Ilustrasi FTTB.........................................................................................42
Gambar 2.14 Ilustrasi FTTZ ........................................................................................43
Gambar 2.15 Ilustrasi FTTC ......................................................................................44
Gambar 2.16 Ilustrasi FTTH.........................................................................................45
Gambar 2.17 Konfigurasi Jarlokat Murni.....................................................................47
Gambar 2.18 Konfigurasi Jarlokat Tidak Murni...........................................................48
Gambar 2.19 Konfigurasi Umum IPTV Versi ZTE ......................................................51
Gambar 2.20 Home Network. .......................................................................................52
Gambar 2.21 Arsitektur GPON.....................................................................................57

Gambar 2.22 Perangkat OLT.........................................................................................57

Gambar 2.23 Set Top Box............................................................................................. 59
Gambar 2.24 Arsitektur MSAN. ..................................................................................60
Gambar 2.25 Konfigurasi Perangkat Jaringan............................................................. 61
Gambar 2.26 Bentuk dan Letak MDF/RPU di Gedung STO........................................62
Gambar 2.27 Pemasangan Jumper Wire di MDF pada blok Terminal......................... 62
Gambar 2.28 Konfigurasi Kabel Primer........................................................................63
Gambar 2.29 Rumah Kabel...........................................................................................64
Gambar 2.30 Konfigurasi Kabel Sekunder...............................................................

65

Gambar 2.31 Konfigurasi KP....................................................................................... 65

Gambar 2.32 Konfigurasi KP di Tiang..........................................................................67
Gambar 2.33 Konfigurasi KP di Dinding..................................................................... 68
Gambar 2.34 Soket....................................................................................................

71

Gambar 2.35 Pesawat Telepon..................................................................................

72

Gambar 2.36 Sinyal Analog......................................................................................

74

Gambar 2.37 Sinyal Digital.......................................................................................75

Gambar 3.1 Logo PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia.........................................................79
Gambar 3.2 Bagan Struktur Organisasi PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia.......................82
Gambar 4.1 Diagram lingkaran kepuasan pelanggan pada sistem GPON .............. 127
Gambar 4.2 Diagram lingkaran kepuasan pelanggan pada sistem MSAN ............. 127

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Wawancara 1...................................................................................................................L1
Wawancara 2...............................................................................................L2
Wawancara 3...................................................................................................................L3
Wawancara 4...........................................................................L4
Wawancara 5...............................................................................................L4
Wawancara 6...................................................................................L5
Wawancara 7...................................................................................................................L6
Wawancara .....................................................................................................................L6
Wawancara 9...........................................................................................L7
Wawancara 10.............................................................................................L8
Wawancara 11............................................................................................ L8
Wawancara 12.............................................................................................................L9
Monitoring GPON........................................................................................ L10
Monitoring MSAN................................................................................................L10

PRAKATA
Segala puji syukur penulis panjatkan ke hadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa karena
karunia dan anugerah-Nya, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi dengan judul
PERBANDINGAN JARINGAN GIGABYTE PASSIVE OPTICAL NETWORK
DAN MULTI SERVICE ACCESS NODE PADA PT. TELKOM tepat pada
waktunya. Penulisan skripsi ini dilakukan sebagai persyaratan dalam menyelesaikan
pendidikan jenjang Strata-1 (S1) dan juga untuk memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan pada
jurusan Teknik Informatika, School of Computer Science di Universitas Bina Nusantara,
Jakarta
Penulis menyadari bahwa dalam penulisan skripsi ini penulis mendapatkan
berbagai macam dukungan dan bantuan dari banyak pihak. Oleh karenanya, penulis
ingin menyampaikan rasa terima kasih yang mendalam kepada :
1. Bapak Prof. Dr. Ir. Harjanto Prabowo, MM, selaku Rektor Universitas Bina
Nusantara.
2. Bapak Fredy Purnomo, S.Kom, M.Kom., selaku Head of School Computer
Science .
3. Ibu Yen Lina Prasetio, S.Kom., MCompSc., selaku Deputy Head of Computer
Science School Academic and Operation.
4. Bapak Rudi Tjiptadi, Dipl. Ing., selaku Dosen selaku dosen pembimbing, atas
bantuan, bimbingan dan arahan yang berharga kepada penulis, sehingga penulis
dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini tepat pada waktunya.
5. Bapak Oslan, Ir., selaku Manager Divisi Access Telkom Jakarta Pusat.

6. Bapak Nova Rachman, selaku Assistant Manager Maintenace & Data

Management Telkom Jakarta Pusat.
7. Bapak Ajie Prabowo Joyonegoro, selaku Senior Technician Access Network
Telkom Jakarta Pusat.
8. Bapak Rizki Primasakti, selaku Senior Technician Access Network Telkom
Jakarta Pusat.
9. Seluruh Dosen dan staf pengajar Universitas Bina Nusantara yang telah
memberikan ilmu pengetahuan kepada penulis.
10. Orang Tua masing-masing penulis, keluarga dan saudara tercinta yang tak hentihentinya memberikan bantuan, dukungan dan dorongan, baik berupa moril,
materiil dan doa.
11. Seluruh teman-teman sesama mahasiswa selama di Universitas Bina Nusantara.
Penulis juga menyadari bahwa dalam laporan skripsi yang penulis susun ini
masih jauh dari kesempurnaan akibat dari keterbatasan waktu, pengetahuan dan
pengalaman penulis, untuk itu penulis ingin memohon maaf yang dalam bila terdapat
kesalahan dalam penulisan laporan ini. Penulis juga mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang
membangun agar dapat memacu kami untuk memperbaiki kesalahan-kesalahan yang
ada di masa mendatang. Akhir kata, semoga laporan yang penulis susun ini dapat
bermanfaat bagi kita bersama.
Jakarta, 4 September 2012

Penulis