Learning Goal

Success Criteria

Differentiate between observations and inferences.

Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative observations. Determine whether a statement is an inference or an observation. Evaluate a picture and make accurate observations and inferences.

Observation

Process of collecting information about something using our 5 senses Can involve tools or technology (e.g. microscope, camera) Observations are facts

Observation

Make observations about the picture.

-A person is running. -He is on a trail. -Behind him are trees and shrubs. -He wears tennis shoes, a red Tshirt and white shorts. -His feet are of the ground. It is warm, he is happy, he is hot are NOT observations.

Observations

There are 2 types of observations.

Quantitative:

expressed by numbers, can be counted

or measured.

Example: There are 57 pieces of candy on the table.

Qualitative:

description of something using

adjectives.
Example: There is a blue bubbly liquid in the beaker.

Observations

Make 2 quantitative and 2 qualitative observations about the butterfly

Quantitative: 1 butterfly 2 antennas Qualitative: Orange, black, and white wings Sits on a green leaf

Inference
Coming to a conclusion based on observations and prior knowledge Logical Guess Examples:

It is warm weather because the person is wearing a T-shirt.

He runs very fast because his feet are an inch or two above the ground.

Observation and Inference

What are some observations about the image below? What inferences can you make from your observations?

Observations:

There are two sets of tracks One set of tracks is smaller than the other The two sets of tracks meet Only one set of tracks is visible after the two sets meet

ALL DETERMINED THROUGH SENSES!

Inferences:

Two animals were walking toward one another The animals had a fight The bigger animal ate the smaller animal

CONCLUSIONS/ GUESSES ABOUT WHAT HAPPENED BASED ON OBSERVATIONS!

Observation or Inference ?

The skin is red and green. Observation The apple is edible. Inference There are seeds inside. Inference It can make you healthy. Inference It feels smooth. Inference

(If you touched the apple and felt it was smooth and not just looked at the picture it would be an observation.)

Summary

Observations are quantitative or qualitative FACTS!

Inferences are logical GUESSES based on observations and prior knowledge.

Exit Slip

Write down one observation and one inference about the picture below.