For Orifice Diameter (MM) 13.0

Experimental data sheet
Orifice
Volume (L)
Time (s)
diameter,mm
10.0
13.0
Orifice
Pitot
Vena
manometer,
manometer,
diameter,
Ho (mm)
Hc (mm)
Dc (mm)
12.62
316
250
7.41
14.85
303
238
7.14
14.31
298
230
8.35
15.10
290
228
8.24
15.81
281
224
8.29
7.03
315
250
5.40
6.97
300
240
5.31
6.87
250
210
5.41
6.78
230
190
5.39
5.34
200
164
5.42
For orifice diameter (mm) = 13.0

1.
Coefficient of velocity, Cv =
Vc = actual velocity =
and Vo = ideal velocity =
Table 4: Manometer reading in meter (m)

Orifice manometer,Ho (m)
0.315
0.300
0.250
0.230
0.200
Vc =
Pitot manometer, Hc (m)

0.250
0.240
0.210
0.190
0.164
and g = 9.81 m/s2
i.
Vc =
= ( )(
)(
) = 2.215 m/s
ii.
Vc =
= ( )(
)(
) = 2.170 m/s
iii.
Vc =
= ( )(
)(
) = 2.030 m/s
iv.
Vc =
= ( )(
)(
) = 1.931 m/s
v.
Vc =
= ( )(
)(
) = 1.794 m/s
and g = 9.81 m/s2
Vo =
i.
Vo =
= ( )(
)(
) = 2.486 m/s
ii.
Vo =
= ( )(
)(
) = 2.426 m/s
iii.
Vo =
= ( )(
)(
) = 2.215 m/s
iv.
Vo =
= ( )(
)(
) = 2.124 m/s
v.
Vo =
= ( )(
)(
) = 1.981 m/s
Graph 2 : Graph of actual velocity versus ideal velocity
Graph Vc versus Vo
Actual velcocity, Vc (m/s)
2.5
2.215
2.17
2.03
1.931
1.794
1.5
Series1
Linear (Series1)
0.5
0
2.486
2.426
2.215
2.124
1.981
Ideal Velocity, Vo (m/s)
Cv =
=(
2.
Coefficient of discharge, CD
CD =
where QC =
= 0.785
, Ao =
Do = 13 mm = 0.013 m
and Do = orifice diameter (m)
Ao =
Qc =
= 1.33
10-4 m2
where V(L) = 2 and t(s) = 7.03, 6.97, 6.87, 6.78, 5.34
Table 5
Vo =
Qc =
(m/s)
CD =
2.845
10-4
2.486
0.860
2.869
10-4
2.426
0.889
2.911
10-4
2.215
0.988
2.950
10-4
2.124
1.044
3.745
10-4
1.981
1.421
Average CD = (0.860 + 0.889 + 0.988 + 1.044 + 1.421) / 5 = 1.042

3.
Coefficient of contracta
i. CC1 =
i)
, ii. CC2 =
CC1 =
CC1 =
where CD = 1.042 and CV = 0.785
CC1 =
ii) CC2 =
= 1.327
where Dc = vena contracta and Do = orifice diameter
Vena contracta, Dc (mm)

5.40
5.31
5.41
5.39
5.42
Average vena contracta = ((5.40 + 5.31 + 5.41+ 5.39 + 5.42)

= 5.386 10-3 m
CC2 =
= (5.386 10-3 )
0.013 = 0.414
5) 10-3

For Orifice Diameter (MM) 13.0

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For Orifice Diameter (MM) 13.0

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Experimental data sheet

For orifice diameter (mm) = 13.0

and Vo = ideal velocity =

Table 4: Manometer reading in meter (m)

Pitot manometer, Hc (m)

and g = 9.81 m/s2

and g = 9.81 m/s2

Graph 2 : Graph of actual velocity versus ideal velocity

Ideal Velocity, Vo (m/s)

and Do = orifice diameter (m)

where V(L) = 2 and t(s) = 7.03, 6.97, 6.87, 6.78, 5.34

Average CD = (0.860 + 0.889 + 0.988 + 1.044 + 1.421) / 5 = 1.042

where CD = 1.042 and CV = 0.785

Vena contracta, Dc (mm)

Average vena contracta = ((5.40 + 5.31 + 5.41+ 5.39 + 5.42)

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