Una oracin est, de forma amplia, conformada por Sujeto, Predicado y Complemento, que a su vez comprenden palabras que

son tradicionalmente agrupadas en ocho categoras gramaticales, las cuales son: SUSTANTIVO, VERBO, PRONOMBRE, ADJETIVO, ADVERBIO, PREPOSICION, CONJUNCIN E INTERJECCIN.

Sustantivos:

Denomina una persona, pueblo, ciudad, pas, etc.

Propios: designan a una determinada persona, animal o cosa. Ex: Steven, Mary, Peter, etc Comunes: designan grupos de personas, animales o cosas con caractersticas comunes Ex: table, book, hand, dog, body. Abstractos: designan conceptos fabricados por el hombre Ex: love, peace, courage, idea. Contables: tienen sentido con un numeral delante Ex: Two cars, one book, ten computers No contables: carecen de sentido al ponerle el numeral Ex: Milk, water, sugar, sand X (one sugar, ten sands) X Compuestos: unin de dos sustantivos para la formacin de otras palabras. Ex: bed-room, washing-machine, post-card
Watch out: Investigar formacin de sustantivos en plural, sustantivos masculinos, femeninos.

Verbos:

Es la palabra que expresa accin, movimiento, cambio, ocurrencia o existencia (un estado de ser). El verbo funciona como el predicado de una oracin o como la parte esencial de ese predicado. Los verbos pueden estar en diferentes tiempos verbales, tales como:

Presente Simple: Anne walks to the university. Presente Continuo: Anne is walking to the university. Presente Perfecto: Anne has walked to the university. Pasado Simple: Anne walked to the university Pasado Continuo: Anne was walking to the university. Pasado Perfecto: Anne had walked to the university. Futuro Simple: Anne will walk to the university for the next 2 years. Futuro Continuo: Anne is going to walk to the university in two weeks.
Watch out: Investigar formacin de preguntas en todos los tiempos positivas y negativas (Yes/No)

Adjetivos:

Modifican, califican o dan detalles sobre nombres o pronombres y por lo general estn situados cerca de la palabra que modifican. Los adjetivos en ingls se clasifican en varias categoras.
Determinantes: aquellos que presentan, cuantifican o interrogan al sustantivo mediante un rango numeral, demostrativo o posesivo. EX: this, that, these, those, every, each, both, either, neither, another, other, etc. Adjetivos Calificativos: sealan la cualidad del subjetivo ya sea en color, tamao, forma, tiempo, textura, condicin, etc EX: red, green , big, nice, round, old, rainy, cold, soft, sweet, noisy, bad, etc. Cuantitativos o Cuantificadores: pueden ser numerales o extensivos o indefinidos. Los numerales como bien sabemos pueden ser cardinales, ordinales, multiplicativos, extensivos. EX: Cardinales: One, Two, Three Ordinales: First, Second, Third, etc. Multiplicativos: Double, Triple, etc. Extensivos: Some, Many, A Few, Any.
Watch out: Investigar adjetivos comparativos y superlativos.

Internet Addiction A Growing Problem (By: Breaking News English. 10th June, 2010) The New York Times has reported on a problem that many of us have but are not aware of Internet addiction. According to reporter Tara Parker-Pope, millions of us are addicted to being online. She says this is a growing problem that is making us more forgetful and impatient. Ms Parker-Pope writes about various reports highlighting how technology is changing people. In one, she quotes cyberpsychologist Dr. Elias Aboujaode who says: More and more, life is resembling the chat room. He said we are living in virtual lifestyles which is negatively affecting our real-life relationships. Nicki Dowling, a clinical psychologist from Melbourne University in Australia, concluded in a recent study that ten per cent of young people had what she called Internet dependence.

Completa el siguiente cuadro de acuerdo con la informacin que se le solicita. Describe con tus propias palabras de que trata el texto.

CATEGORIA
Sustantivo

PALABRA
Internet

TIPO
Comn/Abstracto

SIGNIFICADO
Internet

Adverbios Modifican verbos, adjetivos y otros adverbios. Adems, un adverbio puede modificar hasta el resto de la oracin en la que aparece. Adverbios de tiempo: last week, soon, now... Responden a la pregunta de: cundo? Ex: Melissa did the business plan last week. Adverbios de lugar: at home, abroad, everywhere... Responden a la pregunta de: dnde? Ex: The children are playing at home. Adverbios de grado: less, much, more... Responden a la pregunta de: cunto? Ex: Her blackberry is more expensive than his. Adverbios de modo: aloud, fast, hard, low... Responden a la pregunta de: cmo? Ex: He is working hard in the mornings. Adverbios de frecuencia: sometimes, usually... Responden a la pregunta de: con qu frecuencia? cuntas veces? Ex: I never drink water in the morning but I will do it soon.
La terminacin LY casi siempre convierte adjetivos en adverbios. Ej.: honesthonestly

Preposiciones Unen y relacionan su objeto a otra palabra de la oracin. Las preposiciones ms comunes son:
about sobre, acerca de entre, en medio de por contra, en contra de a lo largo de among entre, en medio de in en, dentro de, sobre debajo de of de, a para Encima de, a travs de a upon sobre, encima de

between

around

alrededor

below

over

with

con dentro, dentro de sin

by

at

en, de, a, por, para antes de, antes que sobre, encima de

from

desde

to

within

against

before

inside

dentro,

under

debajo encima de, en lo alto de

without

along

on

into

en, dentro de

up

behind

detrs

Ex: This graphic design was made by Daniel. Bancoro left the city without money. I will take a nap before class.

Conjunciones Funcionan como conectores de palabras, frases o clausulas (primarias o secundarias). Las conjunciones ms comunes son:
and also besides but instead or thus still y tambin adems de pero en vez de o, u, ni por lo tanto todava, a pesar de que therefore however hence finally indeed meanwhile otherwise moreover por lo tanto, por eso sin embargo, no obstante por lo tanto, por eso, de aqu a finalmente de hecho, en realidad, mientras tanto, entretanto de otro modo, por lo dems por otra parte, adems

Ex: Gabriel doesnt like English class however he is good at writing. She prefers pizza and hamburguer. Her savings are in Banesco otherwise she would be without money.

Internet Addiction A Growing Problem (By: Breaking News English. 10th June, 2010) The New York Times has reported on a problem that many of us have but are not aware of Internet addiction. According to reporter Tara Parker-Pope, millions of us are addicted to being online. She says this is a growing problem that is making us more forgetful and impatient. Ms Parker-Pope writes about various reports highlighting how technology is changing people. In one, she quotes cyberpsychologist Dr. Elias Aboujaode who says: More and more, life is resembling the chat room. He said we are living in virtual lifestyles which is negatively affecting our real-life relationships. Nicki Dowling, a clinical psychologist from Melbourne University in Australia, concluded in a recent study that ten per cent of young people had what she called Internet dependence.

Completa el siguiente cuadro de acuerdo con la informacin que se le solicita. Describe con tus propias palabras de que trata el texto.

CATEGORIA
Adverbio

PALABRA
more

TIPO
grado

SIGNIFICADO
mas