MT S BI TP P DNG 1.

a) Hon thnh s phn ng sau (Ghi r iu kin phn ng) HCl Cl2 FeCl3 FeCl2 FeCl3 CuCl2 Cu(NO)3 Cu(OH)2 b) Canxi oxit (vi sng) lu ngy trong khng khi s b km phm cht. Hy gii thch hin tng ny v vit phng trnh phn ng ha hc c th xy ra ? 2. C 3 l ng cht bt mu trng: Na2O, MgO, P2O5. Hy nu phng php thc nghim nhn bit 3 cht v vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra? 3. C 4 gi bt oxit mu en tng t nhau: CuO, MnO2, Ag2O v FeO. Ch dng dung dch HCl c th nhn bit nhng oxit no? 4. Cho bit nhm hyrxit l hp cht lng tnh, vit cc phng trnh phn ng ca nhm hyrxit vi cc dung dch HCl v NaOH ? 5. a) Hy nu phng php iu ch axit. Cho cc th d minh ha? b) Vit 4 phn ng thng thng to thnh cc axit: H2SO4, H3PO4, HNO3, HCl. 6. C 3 cht: Al, Mg, Al2O3. Ch c dng mt ha cht lm thuc th hy phn bit 3 cht trn? 7. Mui X va tc dng vi dung dch HCl va tc dng vi dung dich NaOH. Hi mui X thuc loi mui trung ha hay axit? Cho v d minh ha? 8. nh ngha phn ng trao i? iu kin phn ng trao i xy ra? Cho v d minh ha? Phn ng trung ha c phi l phn ng trao i khng? 9. Kh CO2 c iu ch bng cch phn ng gia HCl v CaCO3 c ln hi nc v HCl. Lm th no thu c CO2 tinh khit? 10. Mt oxit kim loi c cng thc l MxOy, trong M chim 72,41% khi lng. Kh hon ton oxit ny bng kh CO thu c 16,8 gam kim loi M. Ha tan lng M bng HNO3 c nng thu c mui M ha tr III v 0,9 mol kh NO2 . Vit cc phng trnh phn ng v x nh oxit kim loi 11. Nung m gam hn hp 2 mui cacbonat trung tnh ca 2 kim loi A v B u c ha tr II. Sau mt thi gian thu c 3,36 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v cn li hn hp rn Y. Cho Y tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HCl d ri cho kh thot ra hp th hon ton bi dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thu c 15 gam kt ta. Phn dung dch c cn c 32,5 gam hn hp mui khan. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng v tnh m ? 12. Cho 5,22 gam mt mui cacbonat kim loi (hp cht X) tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 . Phn ng gii phng ra gm 0,336 lit NO v x lit kh CO2. Cc th tch kh c o iu kin tiu chun. Hy xc nh mui cacbonat kim loi v tnh th tch kh CO2 (x) ? 13. Cho mt lng Cu2S tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 un nng. Phn ng to ra dung dch A1 v gii phng kh A2 khng mu, b ha nu trong khng kh. Chia A1 thnh 2 phn. Thm BaCl2 vo phn 1, thy kt ta trng A3 khng tan trong axit d. Thm mt lng d NH3 vo phn 2, ng thi khuy u hn hp, thu c dung dch A4 c mu xanh lam m.

a) Hy ch ra A1, A2, A3, A4 l g? b) Vit cc phng trnh ha hc m t qu trnh nu trn? 14. t cacbon trong khnh kh nhit cao, c hn hp kh A. Cho A tc dng vi Fe2O3 nung nng c kh B v hn hp rn C. Cho B tc dng vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 thu c kt ta K v dung dch D, un si D li c kt ta K. Cho C tan trong dung dch HCl thu c kh v dung dcg E. Cho E tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d c hn hp kt ta hirxit F. Nung F trong khng kh c xit duy nht. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng? 15. Fe + O2 A A + HCl B + C + H2O B + NaOH D + G C + NaOH E + G Dng phn ng ha hc no chuyn D thnh E? Bit rng B + Cl2 C. 16. Cho mt lung hir d ln lt i qua cc ng mc ni tip sau y: CaO CuO Al2O3 Fe2O3 Na2O. Sau ly cc cht cn li trong ng cho tc dng ln lt vi CO2 , vi dung dch HCl v AgNO3. Vit tt c cc phng trnh xy ra? 17. C 5 mu kim loi : Ba, Mg, Fe, Ag, Al. Nu ch c dung dich H2SO4 long c th nhn bit c nhng kim loi no? 18. Cho 4 kim loi A, B, C, D c mu gn ging nhau ln lt tc dng vi HNO3 c, dung dch HCl, dung dch NaOH ta thu c kt qu nh sau: HNO3 HCl NaOH Hi chng l cc kim loi gh trong cc kim loi sau y :Mg, Fe, Ag, Al, Cu? Vit cc phng trnh phn ng, bit rng kim loi tc dng vi HNO3 c ch c kh mu nu bay ra. 19. Kh 2,4 g hn h CuO v mt st oxit bng hir thy cn li 1,76 g cht rn. Nu ly cht rn ha tan bng dung dch HCl th thot ra 0,448 lt kh (ktc) . Xc nh cng thc ca st oxit. Bit rng s mol ca 2 oxit trong hn hp bng nhau. 20. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca mt loi mui clorua kp xKCl.yMgCl 2.zH2O (mui A) ngi ta tin hnh 2 th nghim sau: - Nung 11,1 g mui thu c 6,78 g mui khan. - Cho 22,2 g mui tc dng vi xt d ri ly kt ta em nung thu c 3,2 g cht rn. Bit khi lng phn t mui kp l 277,5. Tm cc gi tr x, y, z? 21. Khi nung 6,06 g mt mui Nitrat ca mt kim loi kim ta thu c 5,1 g cht rn (nitrit). Hi phn hy mui nitrat ca kim loi gh?
A + + B + C + D + + -

22. xc nh thnh phn ca mui kp A c cng thc p(NH4)2SO4.qFex(SO4)y.tH2O ngi ta tin hnh th nghim sau: Ly 9,64 g mui A ha tan vo nc, sau cho tc dng vi Ba(OH)2 d, khi un nng ta thu c kt ta B v kh C. Ly kt ta B nung nhit cao ( c mt khng kh) ta thu c 10,92 g cht rn. Cho ton b kh C hp th vo 200 ml dung dch H2SO4 0,1 M. trung ha lng axit d cn dng 200 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1 M 1) Vit tt c cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra? 2) Xc nh cc gi tr x, y, p, q, t? 23. Cn ly bao nhiu gam tinh th CuSO4.5H2Ov bao nhiu gam dung dch CuSO4 8% iu ch280 g dung dch CuSO4 16%? 24. Trn V1 lit dung dch A cha 9,125d HCl vi V2 lit dung dch B cha 5,47 g HCl, ta thu c 2 lit dung dch C. Tnh nng d mol ca dung dch A, B, C bit V1 + V2 = 2l, v hiu s gia nng mol dung dich A v B l 0,4 mol/l. 25. ng nitrat b phn hy khi nung nng theo phn ng: Cu(NO3)2 CuO + 2NO2 + O2. Nu khi nung 15,04g ng nitrat thy cn li 8,56g cht rn, th c bao nhiu phn trm ng nitrat b phn hy v xc nh thnh phn cht rn cn li. 26. Ha tan 1,42g hp kim Mg - Al - Cu bng dung dch HCl dta thu c dung dch A, kh B v cht rn C. Cho dung dch A tc dng vi xt d ri ly kt ta nung nhit cao th thu c 0,4g cht rn. Mt khc t nng cht rn C trong khng kh th thu c 0,8g mt oxit mu en. 1) Tnh khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp ban u? 2) Cho kh B tc dng vi 0,672 lit kh clo (ktc) ri ly sn phm ha tan vo 19,72 lit nc, ta c dung dch D. Ly 5 g dung dch D tc dng vi AgNO 3 thy to thnh 0,7175g kt ta. Tnh hiu sut phn ng gia kh B v clo? 27. Chia 1,5g hn hp bt Fe - Al - Cu thnh 2 phn bng nhau: 1) Ly mt phn ha tan bng dung dich HCl thy cn li 0,2g cht rn khng tan v 448 cm3 kh bay ra. Tnh khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp? 2) Ly phn th 2 cho vo 400 ml dung dch hn hp AgNO3 0,08 M v Cu(NO3)2 0,5 M. Sau khi kt thc cc phn ng ta thu c cht rn A v dung dch B. Tnh khi lng cht rn A v nng mol ca cc cht trong dung dch B? 28. Mt loi cha CaCO3, MgCO3, Al2O3, khi lng nhm oxit bng 1/8 khi lng cc mui cacbonat. em nung nhit cao ta thu c cht rn c khi lng bng 6/10 khi lng trc khi nung. Tnh thnh phn trm ca MgCO3 trong ? 29. Ha tan 4,59g nhm bng dung dch HNO3 c dung dch nhm nitrat v hn hp kh NO v N2O c t khi so vi hir l 16,75. 1) Tnh khi lng nhm nitrat? 2) Tnh th tch cc kh NO v N2O ?

30.* A l mt mu hp kim Cu - Zn. Chia mu hp kim thnh 2 phn bng nhau. Phn th nht ha tan bng dung dch d thy cn li 1 gam khng tan, phn th 2 luyn thm vo 4 gam Al th thu c mu hp kim trong B c hm lng phn trm ca Zn nh hn 33,3% so vi hm lng Zn trong mu hp kim A. Tnh % ca Cu trong mu hp kim A, bit rng khi ngm mu hp kim B trong dung dch NaOH th sau mt thi gian lng kh bay ra vt qu 6 lit. 31. Hn hp kh O2 v SO2 c t khi so vi hir bng 24, sau khi ung nng hn hp vi cht xc tc ta thu c hn hp kh mi c t khi hi so vi hir bng 30. a) Xc nh thnh phn hn hp trc v sau phn ng? b) Tnh thnh phn trm mi kh tham gia phn ng? Ch : Trong bi tp ny cc cht u phn ng khng hon ton. 32. Hon thnh cc phn ng theo s sau: Fe + ... A + B A + NaOH C + NaCl C + O20 + H2O D t0 t D E; E+B Fe 33. Hy ly 3 cht v c ( A, B, C) tha mn cc iu kin sau: - Khi trn 2 dung dch A v B th to thnh kt ta. - Khi cho A hoc B tc dng vi C th to thnh mt cht kh khng chy. 34. A, B, C l cc hp cht ca kim loi, khi t nng nhit cao c ngn la mu vng, D l mt hp cht ca cacbon. A tc dng vi D to thnh B hoc C, A tc dng vi B to thnh C. Nung D nhit cao c mt sn phm l D, D tc dng vi dung dch C to thnh B. A, B, C l nhng cht gh? Vit cc phng trnh phn ng? 35. C mt hn hp 3 kim loi ha tr II ng trc H. T l khi lng nguyn t ca chng l 3 : 5 : 7. T l s mol ca cc kim loi l 4 : 2 : 1. Khi ha tan 14,6 gam hn hp bng dung dch HCl thy thot ra 7,84 l hir. Xc nh khi lng nguyn t v gi tn ca chng? 36.* A l dung dch NaOH, B l dung dch H2SO4. Trn 0,2 lit A v 0,3 lit B thu c 0,5 lit dung dch C. Ly 20 ml dng dch C, thm mt t qu tm vo ta thy mu xanh. Sau thm t t dung dch HCl 0,05M cho ti khi qu tm chuyn thnh mu tm thy tn ht 40 ml axit. Trng 0,3 l A v 0,3l B c dung dch D. Ly 20 ml dung dch D, thm vo 1 t qu tm thy c mu , sau thm t t dung dch NaOH 0,1 M cho ti khi qu tm i thnh mu tm thy tn ht 80 ml dung dch NaOH. Tnh nng mol ca cc dung dch A v B? 37. Cho cht A tc dng vi cht B c kh I c mi trng thi. t chy kh I khi c mt oxi d c kh II c mi hc. Cho kh I tc dng vi kh II c cht C

mu vng. Nung cht C vi st c cht D, cho D tc dng vi dung dch HCl c kh I. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra? 38.* Hn hp A gm BaO, FeO, Al2O3. Ha tan A trong lng d nc, c dung dch D v phn khng tan B. Sc kh CO2 d vo dung dch D, phn ng to kt ta. Cho kh CO d i qua B nung nng thu c cht rn E. Cho E tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, thy tan mt phn cn li cht rn G. Ha tan ht G trong mt lng d dung dch H2SO4 long ri cho dung dch thu c tc dng vi dung dch KMnO4. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra? 39. Cho 18,5 g hn hp Z gm Fe, Fe3O4 tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch HNO3 long un nng v khuy u. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 2,24 lit kh NO duy nht (ktc), dung dch Z1 v cn li 1,46 gam kim loi. 1/ Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra? 2/ Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch HNO3? 3/ Tnh khi lng mui trong dung dch Z1? 40. Vit 4 phng trnh thch hp cho s sau: Ba(NO3)2 + ? NaNO3 + ? 41. Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra (nu c): a) Cho bt nhm vo dung dch NaCl b) Cho mt mu Natri vo dung dch FeCl3. c) Cho bt Fe vo dung dch AgNO3 d. d) Sc kh SO2 t t vo dung dch nc vi trong cho n d kh SO2. 42. Trong t nhin cc nguyn t Ca, Mg c trong qung lmit: CaCO3.MgCO3. t qung ny, hy trnh by phng php iu ch CaCO3, MgCO3 dng ring bit tinh khit? 43. C hai dung dch NaOH nng C% (dung dch 1) v C2% (dung dch 2). Cn trn chng theo t l khi lng nh th no thu c dung dch NaOH C% (dung dcg 3). ( Khng s dng quy tc ng cho) p dng bng s: C1 = 3%, C2 = 10%, C1 = 5%. 44. Cho 10 lt N2 v CO2 (ktc) i qua 2 lt dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,02M, thu c 1 g kt ta. Xc nh thnh phn % (theo th tch) ca CO2 trong hn hp. 45. Cho 1 dung dch c ha tan 16,8g NaOH tc dng vi dung dch c ha tan 8g Fe2(SO4)3, sau li thm vo dung dch trn 13,68g Al2(SO4)3. T nhng phn ng ny ngi ta thu c dung dch A v kt ta. Lc kt ta c cht rn B. Dung dch A c pha long 500 ml. Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. a) Xc inh thnh phn nh tnh v nh lng ca cht rn B? b) Xc nh nng M ca mi cht trong dung dch A sau khi pha long? 46. T Canxicacbua v cc cht v c cn thit khc, vit PTP iu ch nha PE, etylaxtat, cao su Buna?

47. t chy hon ton 18g cht hu c A cn lng va 16,8lit O2 (ktc), thu c CO2 v hi nc vi t l th tch V( CO2) : V (H2O) = 3 : 2. Bit t khi hi ca A so vi H2 l 36. a) Hy xc nh cng thc phn t ca A? b) Hy ngh CTCT ca A. Bit rng A c th axit hoc este. 48. Nhit phn hon ton hn hp gm: BaCO3, MgCO3, Al2O3 c cht rn A, kh D. Ha tan A trong NaOH d c dung dch B v kt ta C. Sc B vo D thy c kt ta. Ha tan C trong dung dch NaOH d thy kt ta tan mt phn. Vit cc PTP? 49. Vit v cn bng cc phng trnh phn ng: a/ A +HCl B + D e/ E + NaOH H + NaNO3 b/ A + HNO3 E + NO + D f/ G + D + I H c/ B + Cl2 F g/ F + AgNO3 E + J d/ B + NaOH G + NaCl h/ F + D + K H + CO2 + NaCl. 50. A D F MgCl2 MgCl2 MgCl2 MgCl2 B E G 51. A3 A4 A1 A2 A6 CH4 . A4 A5 52. Cho v d v hn hp rn gm: 1 oxit axit, 1 oxit baz, 1 oxit lng tnh. Trnh by cch tch ring 3 oxit cho bng phng php ha hc? 53. Cho 40,8 gam hn hp X (Fe, Zn, Al) tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c 20,16 lt H2. Mt khc 0,4 mol hn hp X tc dng va vi 12,32lt Cl2 (ktc) 1/ Vit PTP ? 2/ Tnh % s mol ca mi kim loi trong hn hp? 54. Ly 12g cht hu c A ch c cha C, O, H tc dng va vi 200ml dung dch KOH 1M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng ch thu c phn hi nc, cn li cht rn B l mt mui c khi lng l 19,6 gam. Nung B trong O2 d, phn ng hon ton thu c a gam K2CO3, 6,72 lt CO2 (ktc) v 5,4 gam H2O. 1/ Tnh gi tr ca a? 2/ Tm CTPT v CTCT ca A. Bit MA < 65 dVC. 55. 1/Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng sau: MnO2 + HCl kh A Na2SO3 + HCl kh C FeS + HCl kh B Nh4HCO3 + NaOH (d) kh D 2/ Cho A tc dng vi D, B tc dng vi C, B tc dng vi A trong nc.

Vit phng trnh phn ng. Nu ngha thc t ca phn ng B vi D? 3/ Ch c CO2 v H2O lm th no nhn bit cc cht sau: NaCl, Na2CO3, CaCO3, BaSO4. Trnh by chc nhn bit mi cht v vit phng trnh phn ng (nu c). 4/ Khi t chy A thu c kh CO2 v H2O. Khi t chy B thu c CO2 v SO2. Khi t chy c thu c CO2, N2 v H2O. Hi A, B, C c phi l hp cht hu c khng? Gii thch? 56. Mt hn hp gm 4 kim loi Ag, Al, Cu, Mg dng bt. Hy trnh by phng php ha hc tch ring tng kim loi ra khi hn hp? Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra? 57. Cn bng cc phng trnh phn ng sau: KMnO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O. KBr + PbO2 + HNO3 Pb(NO3)2 + Br2 + KNO3 + H2O KClO3 + NH3 KCl + Cl2 + H2O + ... NO + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + HNO3 + H2O 58. Hon thnh PTP theo s : A1 +NaOH A2 + CuO A3 + Ag2O A4 C6H5NH2 + clo, 1:1, as TH B1 + NaOH B2 H2SO4, 170 B3 polime 59. Cho 27,4g Ba vo 400 gam dung dch CuSO4 3,2%, khi kt thc tt c cc phn ng ta thu c kh A, kt ta B v dung dch C. 1/ Tnh th tch kh A (ktc). 2/ Nung kt ta B nhit cao n hki lng khng i th thu c bao nhiu gam cht rn? 3/ Tnh nng % ca cc cht tan trong C? 60. Hon thnh cc PTP sau: Na2SO4 + X1 BaSO4 + Y1 Ca(HCO3)2 + X2 CaCO3 + Y2 CuSO4 + X3 CuS + Y3 MgCl2 + X4 Mg3(PO4)3 + Y4 NaBr + NaBrO3 + H2SO4 Z1 + Z2 + H2O. 61. C 5 mu phn bn: NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3, KCl, K2SO4. Trnh by phng php ha hc nhn bit cc mu phn bn ? Vit cc PTP? 62. Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng theo s chuyn ha sau: Br2 t 0 cao CH4 A xc tc A1 A2 NaOH A3 NaOH C6H5ONa H2 CH CO OH HBr NaOH B B1 B2 B3
3

64.

Hon thnh cc PTP theo s chuyn ha sau: E Y X

Z T

Fe2O3

FeCl2.

F 65. Mt loi cha : CaCO3, MgCO3, Al2O3. Lng Al2O3 bng 1/8 tng lng 2 mui cacbonat. Nung nhit cao, P hon ton thu c cht rn A c khi lng bng 60% khi lng trc khi nung. 1/ Tnh % theo khi lng mi cht trong a trc khi nung? 2/ Mun ha tan 2 gam cht rn A cn ti thiu bao nhiu ml dung dch HCl 0,5 M? 66. C hn hp dng bt gm: Al2O3, Fe2O3, Cu v Au. a. Hy chng minh s c mt cc cht trn bng phn ng ha hc? b. Hy nu phng php tch ring tng cht ra khi hn hp? Vit cc PTP ? 67. C 2 dung dch A v B ng 2 dung dch HCl c nng mol/l khc nhau. Ly V lt dung dch A cho tc dng vi AgNO3 d c 35,875g kt ta. trung ha V' l dung dch B cn 500 ml dung dch NaOH 0,3 M. a. Tnh s mol HCl c trong V lt dung dch A v V' lt dung dch B? b. Trn V lt dung dch A v V' lt dung dch B c 2 lt dung dch C. Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch C? 68. Ha tan 8,8g Mg v MgO bng mt lng dung dch HCl 14,6% ( d 10%). Khi phn ng hon ton ta thu c 28,5g cht rn khan. a. Tnh khi lng mi cht trong hn hp ban u? b. Tnh khi lng dung dch HCl cn ly? c. Tnh nng % ca cc cht trong dung dch sau phn ng? 69. c dng thm mt thuc th khc, hy trnh by cch nhn bit cc dung dch (mt nhn) sau: NH4HSO4, Ba(OH)2, BaCl2, H2SO4, HCl, NaCl. Vit cc PTP (nu c). 70. C hn hp cht rn dng bt gm: CuO, Al2O3, SiO2, BaCl2, FeCl3. Hy trnh by cch tch ri cc cht ra khi hn hp v vit PTP (nu c). 71. Cho s chuyn ha: A1 A2 A3 A4 t 0 cao X X X X X B1 B2 B3 B4 72. Mt loi phn m A cha 46,67% nit. t chy hon ton 1,8g A cn 1,008 lt O2 (ktc). Sn phm chy gm N2, hi nc v CO2. Trong t l V(CO2) : V(H2O) = 1:2 Bit cng thc n gin ca cht A cng l cng thc phn t hp cht A. Tm CTPT v vit CTCT ca A? 73. Cho cc kh NH3, Cl2, CO2, CO, SO2, O2, N2, NO, NO2, H2S, mi kh u ln hi nc. Dng mt trong cc cht no sau y lm kh mi kh: H2SO4 c, CaCl2 khan, NaOH rn, P2O5, CaO, CuSO4 khan.

Xc nh cc cht t A1 n A11 v vit cc PTP sau: A1 + A2 A3 + A4 A3 + A5 A6 + A7 A6 + A8 + A9 A10 A10 A11 + A8 A11 + A4 A1 + A8 Bit A3 l mui st clorua. Nu ly 1,27g A3 tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d thu c 2,87 gam kt ta. 75. Xc nh cc cht v hon thnh cc PTP theo s sau: H2,t0 B A X+D Br2 D O2 , t 0 0 X Fe, t B Y+Z +Y hoc Z C A+G 76. Ha tan va mt lng hn hp kim loi M v oxit MO ( M c ha tr khng i v MO khng phi l oxit lng tnh) trong 750 ml dung dch HNO3 0,2M c dung dch A v kh NO. Cho dung dch A tc dng va vi 240 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M thu c kt ta. Lc, nung kt ta n khi lng khng i thu c 2,4g cht rn. a. Xc nh M? b. Tnh khi lng mi cht trong hn hp ban u? 77. Cho s chuyn ha sau: 1/ B B A C D C ( long ) C ( khi), xuctac,t 2/ A1( Kh) A2 (kh) A3 O t cao X A4 Y ( long ) Y ( long ) B1( rn) B2 (dd) B3 78. Ha tan hon ton hn hp FeS v FeCO3 trong dung dch HNO3 c nng d thu c dung dch A v hn hp kh NO2 v CO2. Cho A tc dng vi dung dch BaCl2 thu c kt ta trng v dung dch B. Cho B tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c kt ta nu v dung dch C. Cho dung dch C tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d thu c kt ta trng. Trong tng cht A, B, C cha nhng cht gh? Vit cc PTP? 79. Cho hn hp A gm: Al. Mg, Cu. Ha tan m gam A trong dung dch NaOH d thu c 3,36 lt kh (ktc) v phn khng tan B. Ha tan B trong dung dch H2SO4 c, nng thu c 2,24 lt kh SO2 (ktc) v dung dch C. Cho C tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c kt ta D. Nung kt ta D n khi lng khng i c cht rn E. Cho E tc dng vi H2 d,, nung nng thu c 5,44 gam cht rn F. Tnh % (m) cc cht trong A v F. Cho bit phn ng xy ra hon ton? 80. Vit 4 phng trnh khc nhau iu ch NaOH? 74.
0 1

2,

Cho s chuyn ha: A+X +B +E A+X Fe C D A+X Bit rng kh A phn ng vi dung dch HCl to thnh dung dch C + D. Tm cc cht v vit PTP xy ra? 82. a/ C sn mt dung dch HNO3 40% (D=1,25 gam/lt) v dung dch HNO3 10% (D=1,06g/l). Tnh th tch (ml) ca mi dung dch pha thnh 2 lt dung dch HNO3 15% (D=1,08g/ml). b/ Cho 5,6 lt hn hp X gm: N2 v CO2 (ktc) i chm qua 5 lt dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,02M, phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 5g kt ta. Tnh t khi ca hn hp X so vi H2. c/ Hy vit cng thc ca 8 mui va tc dng vi dung dch axit, va tc dng vi dung dch kim. Cc phn ng u sinh ra cht kh. Vit phng trnh phn ng minh ha? 83. Mt loi phn lm trong nc c cng thc l: MNH4(SO4)2.12H2O, c khi lng phn t bng 453 vC. Tm kim ,oi M. Cho M tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 rt long ta thu c dung dch A. Cho A tc dng vi dung dch KOH c kt ta B, dung dch C v kh D. Cho t t dung dch HCl vo C thy xut hin kt ta B. Cho B v kh D vo dung dch H2SO4 long thu c dung dch E. T E c th thu c phn trn. Vit cc PTP? 84. Vit PTP trong 0,1 mol H2SO4 tham gia phn ng sinh ra: a. 1,12 lt SO2 (ktc) b. 2,24 lt SO2 (ktc). c. 3,36 lt SO2 (ktc). d. 4,48 lt SO2 (ktc). 85. Hn hp X gm 3 kim loi A, B, C trn vi nhau theo t l s mol A:B:C l 4:3:2. Ly 4,92 gam h hp X ha tan hon ton bng dung dch HCl thu c 3,024 lt H2 (ktc). Bit rng t l khi lng mol nguyn t A:B:C l 3:5:7 v khi cc kim loi tc dng vi axit yu u to ra mui kim loi ha tr II. Hy xc inh A, B, C? 86. Trong phng th nghim ngi ta c th iu ch mui bng nhiu phng php khc nhau: Hy vit 12 phng trnh phn ng iu ch mui? 87. Hon thnh s chuyn ha: +E X+A F X+B H +E F +G Fe +M X+C K +L H + BaSO4 X+D X H 88. Nung hn hp X gm FeS2 v FeCO3 trong khng kh ti phn ng hon ton thu c mt sn phm oxit st duy nht v hn hp kh A, B 1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra? 81.

2. Nu cho tng kh A v B li t t qua dung dch Ca(OH)2 ti d kh th c hin tng gh xy ra? 3. Trnh by phng php ha hc nhn bit cc kh A, B trong hn hp ca chng? 4. Cho bit 1 lt hn hp kh A, B iu kin tiu chun nng 2,1875 gam. Tnh thnh phn % khi lng mi cht trong hn hpX? 89. Xc nh cc cht v vit phng trnh theo dy bin ha sau: 1/ A + O2 0 B + C ,t 2/ B + O2xt D 3/ D +EF 4/ D + E + BaCl2 G + H 5/ F +BaCl2 BaSO4 + HCl 6/ H + AgNO3 AgCl + I 7/ I + A J + NO + E + F 8/ I +CJ+F 9/ J + NaOH Fe(OH)3 + K. 90. Vit phng trnh phn ng biu din cc phn ng ha hc sau: 1/ Cho mu nh Natri kim loi vo dung dch CO4. 2/ Cho bt nhm kim la vo dung dch NaOH. 3/ Thi lung kh Hir vo ng thy tinh chu nhit ng hn hp MgO v F2O3 un nng. 4/ Cho kh Clo sc vo dung dch NaOH. 5. Cho ng kim loi tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long. 91. A l mt loi phn m cha 46,67% Nit. t chy hon ton 1,8g A cn 1,008 lt O2 (ktc). Sn phm chy gm N2, : VH O 1 : 2 O2 v hi nc, trong od t l V th . Cng thc n gin nht ca CO tch A cng l cng thc phn t. 1- Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A? 2- Vit cng thc cu to cu A? 92. Cho mt lung kh H2 (d) ln lt i qua cc ng mc ni tip (nh hnh v) ng cc oxit c nung nng sau y: H2 ! 2 3 4 5
2 2

CaO CuO

ng 1 ng 0,1 mol CaO, ng 2 ng 0,02 mol CuO, ng 3 ng 0,02 mol Al2O3, ng 4 ng 0,01 mol Fe2O3, ng 5 ng 0,05 mol Na2O. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, ly tng cht rn cn li trong mi ng ln lt tc dng vi dung dch NaOH, CuCl2. Hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra?

Al2O3

Fe2O3

Na2O

93. Mt dy Hircacbon c biu din bi cng thc chung CnH2n+2. Hy cho bit thnh phn % ca H bin i nh th no khi gi tr n thy i? 94. Hn hp X gm CxHy (A) v kh oxi ( c th tch gp i th tch cn t chy A). t chy hn hp X n khi kt thc phn ng th th tch kh sau th nghim khng i (cc kh c o cng iu kin nhit v p sut), nhng nu cho ngng t hi nc th th tch gim 40%. a. Xc nh A? b. Nu t chy hon ton 4,48l kh A ( ktc) ri cho ton b sn phm vo dung dch cha 11,1 gam Ca(OH)2 . Hi sau khi hp th hon ton khi lng dung dch tng hay gim bao nhiu gam? 95. Cho 40,6g hp kim loi gm Al v Zn trong bnh ng kh Clo d. Sau mt thi gian ngng phn ng thu c 65,45 gam hn hp gm 4 cht rn. Cho ton b hn hp cht rn ny tan ht vo dung dch HCl th thu c V lt H2 (ktc). Dn V(lit) H2 ny i qua ng ng 80g CuO nung nng. Sau mt thi gian thy trong ng cn li 72,73 gam cht rn v ch c 80% H2 phn ng. Xc nh % khi lng cc kim loi trong hp kim Al - Zn ban u? 96. t chy hon ton a gam hn hp 2 hircacbon CxH2x+2 v CyH2y+2 th thu b b c b gam kh CO2. Chng minh rng nu y - x = k th k x
22a 7b 22a 7b

Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng theo s : Fe + O2 A A + HCl B + C + H2O B + NaOH D + G C + NaOH E + G D E ( Bit B + Cl2 C) 98. t chy hon ton a gam mt cht hu c (A) c cha C, O, H thu c 22a/15 gam kh CO2 v 0,6a gam H2O. Xc nh cng thc phn t cht A bit rng 3,6g cht A c th tch bng 1,76g kh CO2 o cng iu kin. 99. trung ha 20 ml dung dch Na2CO3 v NaHCO3 dng ht 5 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. C cn v lm kh dung dch to thnh th thu c 2,86g tinh th ngm nc Na2CO3.10H2O. Tnh nng mol/l ca mi mui trong dung dch ban u? 100. T nhng cht di y: nc, bt km, axit sunfuarit, natri cacbonat, bc, ng sunfat. Lm th no iu ch c 10 cht? ( HSG 95-96). 101. Hn hp A gm: ng v ng II oxit dng bt. Ly 60 gam A cho tan ht trong 3 lt dung dch HNO3, thu c 13,44 lt kh NO bay ra (ktc). a. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng? b. Tnh thnh phn % cc cht cha trong A? c. Tnh nng M ca mui v axt trong dung dch thu c? 97.

Bit rng th tch ca dung dch thay i khng ng k? ( HSG 95-96) 102. Hn hp A gm: Fe3O4, Al, Al2O3, Fe v MgO. Cho A tan trong dung dch NaOH d c hn hp cht rn A1, dung dch B1 v kh C1. Kh C1 cho tc dng vi A nung nng c hn hp rn A2. Dung dch B1 cho tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long, d c dung dch B2. Cht rn A2 cho tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 c, nng thu c dung dch B3 v kh C2. Trong A1, A2, B1, B2, B3, C1, C2 gm nhng cht gh? Vit phng trnh phn ng? ( HSG 95-96). 103. Ha tan 1,44g mt kim loi ha tr II trong 150 ml dung dch H2SO4 0,5M. Mun trung ha axit d trong dung dch thu c phi dng ht 30 ml dung dch xt n da c nng 1M. Xc nh kim loi em dng? (HSG 95-96) 104. trung ha 50 ml dung dch axit sunfuaric 1M ngi ta dng 150 ml dung dch Kali hyrxit. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton c dung dch A. un nng dung dch A cho nc bay hi thu c 11,5g hn hp cht rn. a. Vit phng trnh phn ng? b. Hn hp cht rn gm nhng cht no? Tnh s mol mi cht? c. Xc nh nng mol/l ca dung dch KOH ban u? (HSG 95 -96) 105. t chy hon ton mt hp cht hu c A hp bi cc nguyn t Cacbon, Hyr, v Clo sinh ra 0,22 g CO2 v 0,9g nc. Khi xc nh lng Clo trong lng cht bng dung dch AgNO3, ngi ta thu c1,435g Bc Clorua (AgCl). a. Xc nh cng thc phn t hp cht A? Bit rng t khi ca cht A i vi H2 = 42,50. b. Hy vit cng thc cu to ca A v ni r ti sau cng thc cu to ca A li vit nh vy? c. Vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch A ( HSG 96-97)