Giao Trinh Day Nghe HVKT Tu Xa Tron Bo 12 Chuong-Update 092013

Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa
Chng 1
Mc ch chng:
+ Hiu c cc khi nim c bn. + p dng lnh tt ch nh v. + T duy hnh hay ni cch khc l nhn hnh chn lnh. + S dng nhuyn 30 lnh ngh.
Chng 1.1: CC KHI NIM C BN

A- V hnh bt k trn mn hnh v hnh bt k trn mn hnh ta thc hin theo cc bc sau: 1- G tn lnh nhn phm spacebar (hay cn gi l : gi lnh) 2 -Chn im mc (u) bng cch click chut ln mn hnh hoc nhp ta @x,y hoc bt im 3- Nhp tip cc im tip theo tng t nh bc 2 (ty theo lnh) B- Khi nim zoom & pan - Pan hnh (bn v): khi ta nhn gi nt chut gia v r. - Zoom hnh (bn v): khi ta ln nt chut gia + G Z-spacebar, dng chut khoanh v ng cn phng + G Z-spacebar -> A-spacebar (E-spacebar) zoom ton mn hnh C- Chn i tng & cch dng lnh - Click chut vo i tng chn (nhn Ctrl chn thm v nhn Shift b bt i tng) - Qut chut chn: + Qut t tri qua: chn cc i tng nm trong khung qut + Qut t phi qua: chn cc i tng khung qut i qua. - Spacebar (enter, phi chut, esc) kt thc lnh. - Spacebar (enter, phi chut) gi lnh trc . - Sau khi gi lnh ta dng tham s P (g P+spacebar t bn phm) chn cc i tng trc . Lu : Ta c th gi lnh trc xong chn i tng hay chn i tng trc xong gi lnh. Tham kho thm y : http://www.cadviet.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=201 D- Bt im - Trong qu trnh v ta nhn shift+phi chut gi bng bt im.
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Chng 1
1- im cui 2- im gia 3- im tm 4- im nt 5- im 1/4 6- im giao 7- im ko di 8- im chn 9- im vung gc 10- im tip xc 11- im gn nht 12- Dng trong 3D 13- im song song E- Layer - Trong cc bn v Autocad, cc i tng c cng chc nng c nhm thnh 1 layer (hay cn gi l lp). V d: Tng, Ca, Vt dng,... - Mc ch: Qun l i tng. - Mi layer c cc thuc tnh ring nh: mu sc, kiu nt (linetype), dy nt (lineweight),... Vn kh khn cho ngi mi hc Cad l: nh lnh. gii quyt v n ny ta gn lnh tt cho cc lnh gc ca Acad v d nhin l ta phi thuc lng b lnh tt ny.
Chng 1
Chng 1.2: LNH TT

- L nhng lnh gc ca Acad c ngi dng t li tn cho d s dng (d nh). * 3 Quy tc t lnh tt: - t cho nhng lnh dng thng xuyn. - u tin gn cho nhng ch ci pha bn tri v tay tri dng g lnh, tay phi gi chut. - D nh (1 ch ci hoc 2 ch ci trng) - File tham kho : acad.pgp (file nh km C1.2.1) - Cch chp file lnh tt ca ngi khc: Tm th mc support v chp (copy) lnh tt ca ngi khc vo (p dng cho ngi cha t lnh tt)
Chng 1
Nu s dng Win XP th click vo mi tn ly ng dn n th mc Support
Chng 1
- Chp file acad.pgp
- Nu s dng Win 7 th click vo ng dn Ctrl+C v paste vo trnh duyt explorer n th mc Support
Chng 1
- Chp file acad.pgp
- Cch t to (thm) lnh tt (p dng cho ngi mun update lnh tt) + Bc 1: nh trn + Bc 2: copy (lnh gc) ri s a tn lnh
- lnh tt c hiu lc ta g REINIT-spacebar

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Chng 1
Chng 1.3: CC LNH TO HNH & HIU CHNH

(Lu : ta ch hc chc nng c bn c a lnh, cc thng s m rng c a lnh tm thi ta cha quan tm) 1- PL (V) : Lnh v a tuyn gm cc on thng v cc cung trn + G V-spacebar + Click chut hoc nhp ta im u t bn phm hoc shift chut phi bt im so vi i tng khc. + Click chut hoc nhp ta im tip theo t bn phm hoc shift chut phi bt im so v i i tng khc. + Spacebar kt thc lnh. 2- C : Lnh v ng trn + G C-spacebar + Click chn tm ng trn + Ko chut bt im hoc nhp bn knh t bn phm 3- REC (R) : Lnh v hnh ch nht + G R-spacebar + Click chut hoc nhp ta im gc th 1 t bn phm hoc shift chut phi bt im so v i i tng khc. + Click chut hoc nhp ta im gc th 2 t bn phm hoc shift chut phi bt im so v i i tng khc. 4- U : Lnh quay li vi trng thi trc khi dng lnh cui cng + G U-spacebar: tng t Ctrl+Z 5- E : Lnh xa i tng + Chn i tng c n xa + G E-spacebar 6- O : Lnh to mt ng song song vi mt ng c s n + G O-spacebar + Nhp khong cch song song (c th dng chut xc nh khong cch)
Chng 1
+ Chn i tng + Click v pha cn to i tng mi song song 7- TR : Lnh c t i tng bng mt i tng khc + G TR-spacebar + Chn cc i tng chn + (hoc g TR-spacebar-spacebar chn tt c l i tng chn) (thng dng khi ta khng quan tm n i tng chn) + Chn cc i tng cn c t + Spacebar kt thc lnh 8- EX : Lnh ko di mt i tng chm mt i tng khc + G EX-spacebar + Chn i tng chn + Chn (na u) i tng c n dui 9- F : Lnh bo trn hai i tng bng mt cung trn, khi cung trn c bn knh bng 0 th hai i tng chm nhau + G F-spacebar + Chn tham s R nhp bn knh bo + Ln lt click vo 2 c nh cn bo 10- TRACE (TT) : Lnh v on thng c dy + G TT-spacebar + Nhp dy-spacebar + Click chn im th 1 on thng + Click chn im th 2 on thng-spacebar ------------
Chng 1.4: CC LNH BIN I V SAO CHP

(Lu : ta ch hc chc nng c bn c a lnh, cc thng s c a lnh tm thi ta cha quan tm) 1- M : Lnh di chuyn i tng sang mt v tr mi + Chn cc i tng (cn di chuyn) + G M -spacebar + Bt im i tng mun di chuyn + Bt im tip ni cn t i tng 2- CO (CC) : Lnh sao chp cc i tng + Chn cc i tng (cn sao chp) + G CC-spacebar + Bt im i tng mun sao chp + Bt im tip ni cn t i tng 3- RO (RT) : Lnh quay cc i tng quanh mt im + Chn cc i tng (cn quay)
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Chng 1
+ G RT-spacebar + Chn im chun v nhp gc quay-spacebar(s dng: ngc chiu kim ng h; s m: cng chiu kim ng h) 4- SC : Lnh thu phng cc i tng + Chn cc i tng (cn thu, phng) + G SC-spacebar + Chn im chun v nhp h s -spacebar (>1: phng; <1: thu) 5- MI : Lnh to cc i tng mi i xng vi cc i tng cho trc theo mt trc cho trc + Chn cc i tng (cn to i x ng) + G MI-spacebar + V trc i x ng-spacebar + V trc i x ng + N-spacebar: gi i tng gc (thng dng) + Y-spacebar: xa i tng gc 6- S : Lnh co gin cc i tng bng mt vng chn crossing + Chn i tng (c n co gin) + Dng chut qut t phi qua tri (nhng i tng c khung qut qua s c co gin; nhng i tng nm trong khung qut s c move) + G S-spacebar + Click chn 1 im trn mn hnh ko ra ri nhp khong mun co gin (hoc bt im theo )
Chng 1.5: CC LNH O KCH THC

1- DLI (4) : Lnh to mt i tng dim n m ngang hoc ng + G 4-spacebar + Bt im (ln lt im th 1, im th 2) i tng cn o + R chut ra mn hnh click (dng chc nng bt im t cho ng ) 2- DCO (5) : Lnh to mt i tng dim lin tc + G 5-spacebar-spacebar + Chn dim cn o tip + Bt im tip cc i tng cn o tip. 3- DAL (6) : Lnh to mt i tng Dim thng, theo hng bt k + G 6-spacebar + Bt im (ln lt im th 1, im th 2) i tng cn o + R chut ra mn hnh click (dng chc nng bt im t cho ng ) 4- DRA : Lnh to mt i tng dim nh bn knh ca ng trn hoc cung trn + G DRA-spacebar + Click chn ng cn o + R chut ra mn hnh click. 5- DAN : Lnh to mt i tng dim nh gc m c a 2 on thng
Chng 1
+ G DAN-spacebar + Click chn ln lt c nh th 1, c nh th 2 + R chut ra mn hnh click.

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Chng 1.6: CC LNH N/HIN LAYER

1- LAYOFF (1) : Lnh n layer c chn (i tng thuc layer s b n theo) + G 1-spacebar + Click chn i tng c layer cn n 2- LAYISO (2) : Lnh gi li layer c chn (cc i tng thuc layer khc s b n) + G 2-spacebar + Click chn i tng c layer cn gi li 3- LAYON (3) : hin th tt c cc layer (b n) + G 3-spacebar
Chng 1.7: CC LNH KHC

1- MA (MM): Lnh sao chp thuc tnh (layer, text, hatch,...) + G MM-spacebar + Chn i tng 1 (c thuc tnh cn sao chp) + Chn cc i tng cn chp thuc tnh-spacebar 2- LE (GC): Lnh to ng ghi ch + G GC-spacebar S-spacebar to ng ghi ch khng gii hn v u mi tn
+ V ng ghi ch
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Chng 1
3- T: Lnh to text nhiu dng + G T -spacebar + Click vo mn hnh, r chut ra gc i din click + Nhp vn bn -> click chn OK DT: Lnh to text 1 dng + G DT-spacebar + Click vo mn hnh + Nhp chiu cao ch-spacebar-spacebar + Nhp vn bn + Click ra mn hnh-nhn esc - Double click vo text chnh sa (Lu : sau ny khi lm vic vi text ta copy text t file form chun) 4- XL: Lnh to ng thng + G XL-spacebar + V-spacebar: To ng thng phng ng + H-spacebar: To ng thng phng ngang + Click 2 im bt k to ng thng theo phng bt k - Lu : c th dng lnh RAY (lnh to 1/2 ng thng) thay th lnh XL 5- Wipeout (W): Lnh che mt min trong bn v + G W-spacebar + Click chn ln lt cc im l nh ca min che. + Nu bn c sn polyline khp kn th nhn P-spacebar. + Chn polyline c sn. Ta s c min che trng vi polyline . 6- Draworder (DR): Lnh thay i th t hin th cc i tng nm trng v tr. + G DR-spacebar + Chn i tng c n thay i th t-spacebar (text, hnh,...) + Chn th t-spacebar
Kt thc Chng 1 cc bn s dng c 30 lnh cn thit phc v cng tc trin khai, cc chng sau chng ta s hc tip cc lnh nng cao khc. Trong thi gian ny cc bn phi thng xuyn luyn v (thao tc lnh) cho nhuyn v 30 lnh trn c xem nh l b ngh c bn ca mt HVKT 2D. Qu thi gian tt nht chng ta thc hnh bi tp m i ngy ti thiu l 2h. Mine: "Mt ngi th gii l 1 ngi th s dng cng c gii trong nhiu nm"
Ht Chng 1
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Chng 1
Cu hi n tp: - 2 ln dim cch nhau 1 khong th dim nh th no? - Ti sao ta phi t lnh tt? - Ti sao chng ta ch hc 30 lnh, m khng phi l 20, 40, 50 lnh? - Lnh solid c th thay th lnh no trong 30 lnh trong Chng 1?
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Chng 2
Mc ch chng:
+ Thit lp cc thng s ti u ha cng tc v Cad. + Dng Form c sn v, trnh ngp nhng kin thc khi to bn v ban u. Bao gm: hatch, block, layer, dimstyle, symbol.
Chng 2.1: Set thng s Option

- Vo Tool-option
- Chuyn hnh nn th Layout v block editor sang mu en nh th Model.
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Chng 2
- Set t ng lu sau 1 pht. Sau ny cc bn v nhanh th 1 pht lm vic rt qu.
- Set chc nng nt phi chut = spacebar v b chn ti "Make new dimensions associative" trnh li nhy dim
Chng 2
- Set bt im v con tr chut v a nhn v tick chn "Ignore hatch objects" b qua (khng bt im) cc i tng hatch, ta ch b chn ny ch khi no cn bt im hatch.
- Set chn (i tng) v nt iu khin(*) v tick chn "When a command is active" khi gi lnh th chc nng selection preview mi c kch hot.
(*)Nt iu khin: Tt c cc hnh c v u c nt iu khin. S dng bng cch click vo nt v r chut. Ta thng dng edit di on thng.
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Chng 2
Chng 2.2: Cc mu t vt liu (Hatch)

- Hatch hay cn gi l mu t vt liu. c dng t cc i tng b ct trong hnh chiu ct (mt ct) v t vt liu b mt cho cc i tng ta thy hnh chiu ng (mt ng) v c hnh chiu bng (mt bng). - Cc mu t c trong bn v kin trc trong file KIEN TRUC.dwt (file nh km C2.2.1) - H: Lnh t vt liu cho i tng + Cc i tng c t phi kn, nu khng ta phi lm i tng kn, cch n gin nht l v pline kn i tng cn hatch. + G H-spacebar
(1): Chn i tng bng cch click v o vng c n hatch. Chn i tng bng cch qut chut (t phi qua tri) (2): Chn kiu hatch (3): Gc v t l kiu hatch (4): t im gc mi (dng chc nng ny nh v gch mc lt nn) File mu hatch (file nh km C2.2.2) - Mo: chng ta hatch nhanh 1 i tng bt k vi kiu hatch bt k (t l hatch=1000). Sao ta dng lnh MM sao chp thuc tnh hatch t file KIEN TRUC.dwt
Chng 2
Cch thm mu hatch vo my ca mnh

- Cc bn down mu hatch bi 1 - Sau gii nn, chng ta s c cc file .pat - Copy tt c file .pat vo th mc (nh hnh chp)
- S dng cc mu hatch c thm vo
Chng 2
Chng 2.3: Cc th vin Block 2D

Th vin tng hp (file nh km 2.3.1) - Do chng ta ch tp trung vo kin thc chuyn mn l phn trin khai kin trc nn ta s khng hc cch to Block y. Trnh trng hp cc bn s b ngp kin thc phn mm Acad ngay t ban u. - Cch s dng Block c sn + M file c cha Block cn chp + Qut chn block cn chp - Ctrl+C + Chuyn qua file cn chp - Ctrl+V - to nhanh 1 block khng t tn (v d: 1 bn v 4 gh thnh 1 block) ta lm cc bc sau: + Move cc i tng cn to thnh block vo ng v tr mong mun + Qut cc i tng (cn to thnh block) + Ctrl+shift+C + Click chn im chn (im gc ca block) + Ctrl+shift+V + Click chn v tr t block - Tho lun v block thuc tnh trn din n: http://www.cadviet.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=1580 - Hip s hng dn cc bn edit block thuc tnh Chng 4 (phn h tr lm bi tp)
Chng 2.4: Layer - T l

- Khi v Cad c mt vn cc bn cn m h v rt quan tm l T l. Vy t l l g? * T l: l t s ca kch thc trn giy (lc in ra) v kch thc thc t (ngoi cng trng). Do : nu ta nhn kch thc trn giy cho t l ta c kch thc thc t. Ngc li nu ta chia kch thc thc t cho t l th ta c kch thc trn giy. V d: + Ta c bn v t l 1/100 c in ra giy, nu ta o b dy bc Tng l 1mm th ngoi thc t b dy bc Tng l 1x100=100mm, hay cn gi l tng 100. Tng t nu ta o trn giy b dy bc Tng l 2mm th ngoi thc t b dy bc Tng l 2x100=200mm (hay cn gi l tng 200). + Khi ta c 1 bn v t l 1/50 c in ra giy, nu ta o chiu cao bc Thang l 3mm th ngoi thc t chiu cao bc Thang l 3x50=150mm. Tng t nu ta o trn giy ci bn cao 16mm th ngoi thc t ci bn cao 16x50=800mm.
Chng 2
+ Khi ta c kch thc ngoi thc t l 800, ta mun bit kch thc trn giy t l 1/20 l bao nhiu th ta ly 800/20=40mm + Khi ta c kch thc ngoi thc t l 750, ta mun bit kch thc trn giy t l 1/25 l bao nhiu th ta ly 750/25=30mm * Quy cch v: V theo t l thc (hay cn gi l t l 1:1) - 1 n v (unit) = 1 mm + Khi ta v 1 on thng di 5m th ta nhp: 5000 + Khi ta v Tng 200 cao 3m; ta v hnh ch nht v nhp: @200,3000 Lu : Cc bn c file KIEN TRUC.dwt v phi hiu c khi nim t l v cch nhp gi tr (kch thc) nh trn th chng ta mi lm vic tip c. - Chng ta s khng hc cch to Layer v Dimstyle y m chng ta s hc cch tn dng d liu c sn trong file Template. y l iu m cc bn mi hc hay mc phi, l b ngp kin thc khi to trc khi v.
* File ny gi l file template (ui .dwt) khc vi cc file cad thng thng (ui .dwg) Sau ny khi v bt c g ta phi m file ny ln ly cu trc dimstyle, layer, khung tn,... Do cc bn khi phi bn tm vn v kiu hatch, layer, nt in, dimstyle. - Video cch add file template vo lnh Qnew (file nh km C2.4.1) - Vi file template trn th khi ta v t l no th ch vic ly ng thc y ra m dim (xem hnh)
Chng 2
- Tng t khi v n i tng no th chn ng layer y v (hay cn gi l ly Layer hin hnh v) - Layer trong file KIEN TRUC.dwt tng i y . Tm thi cc bn dng form ny v. Tn layer c t theo quy c y l ch thng khng du. Sau ny khi cc bn i lm th tng n v s c 1 form chun ring v chng ta phi tun th cch t tn layer theo form ca cng ty ).
Cch s dng layer (theo form) y (file nh km C2.4.2) Lu : Hin ti chng ta cha quan tm n phn lineweight ( dy nt). Ta s c hc phn in n Chng 12.
Chng 2
Chng 2.5: Cc k hiu c trong bn v kin trc

- Cc k hiu l nhng hnh + text c quy c nhm thuyt minh (rt gn) cc i tng trong bn v hoc vn khc nh: cao , hng nhn,... - Cc ghi ch (thuyt minh): din gii cc i tng (ni dung thit k) mt cch chi tit. - Cc k hiu c trong bn v kin trc: xem trong file KIEN TRUC.dwt . + Hi: Ti sao li c cc bn v Kin trc? + Tr li: Ti v ta khng th dng li ni hoc ch vit hng dn ngi th xy nh m chng ta phi c cc bn v vi nhng hnh hc tng t nh cn nh 1 t l nh hn vi y kch thc v nhng thng tin dng k hiu c quy c. Do v c nhng bn v ny chng ta phi din gii ngc li cc k hiu hay ni cch khc l chng ta phi hiu c cc k hiu c trong bn v kin trc. 1- K hiu trc: Dng nh v cng trnh, nh v cu kin. K hiu ny c hu ht cc bn v: MB, M, MC v cc chi tit,... V d: ta ni Ct ti v tr A5 th chng ta s tm ti v tr li giao gia trc A v trc 5. 2- K hiu cao (dng cho MB): Do trn bn v 2D chng ta ch thy cc hnh tng, ca, vt dng,... Chng ta c k hiu code nn(sn) din gii ni c nn(sn) v i cao c ghi ra (cch code quy c 0.0 tng trt). Ngc li vi k hiu ny l k hiu gch cho th hin v tr khng c sn (thng tng, hp gen k thut) 3- K hiu cao trn: Dng xc nh cao trn (thi cng) hon thin. 4- K hiu cao (dng cho M, MC): Dng nhn bit chiu cao cng trnh (khi nhn M, MC) 5- K hiu dc: Dng tnh ton dc khi thi cng. Cc v tr t: Sn WC, ban cng, sn thng, s n, mi. 6- K hiu hng i ln: Dng nhn bit v tr giao thng lch code (khc cao ). Cc v tr t: Bc cp, ram dc, cu thang. 7- K hiu ca i, ca s: Dng nh v ca v thng k c a ( thi cng) 8- K hiu vt liu hon thin (tng, sn, trn): Dng din gii (thi cng) VLHT. 9- K hiu mt ct v hng nhn: Dng quy c ly MC theo hng nhn. 10- K hiu trch dn (khoanh vng) chi tit cn trin khai: Dng nh v chi tit cn trin khai (chi tit cn trin khai l cc chi tit khng thi cng c t l 1/100)
Chng 2
11- K hiu cu to nn/sn: Dng din gii cc lp cu to nn/sn ( thi cng). Cc v tr t: Cc MB chi tit (bn di code nn/sn) v ti mt ct (ngang, dc) cng trnh. 12- K hiu cu to trn: Thng dng i vi cc trn c bit (c nhiu lp nh: cch m, cch nhit) 13- K hiu cu to tng: Thng dng i vi cc tng c bit (c nhiu lp nh: cch m, cch nhit) 14- K hiu hng nhn mt ng chi tit: Dng ly mt ng ca chi tit cn trin khai (t ti MB chi tit) 15- K hiu hng nhn mt ng phng: Dng ly M ca phng theo hng nhn (dng trong bn v ni tht) 16- K hiu vt dng ni tht: Dng nh v ni tht (dng trong bn v ni tht)
Mo v Cad nhanh tng hp

1- Dng b lnh tt Chng 1.2 2- Set thng s option nh Chng 2.1 3- Gim bt thao tc tha bng cch thuc lng 30 lnh Chng 1 4- S dng thnh tho 11 Lisp Chng 6 5- Dng Block c wipeout che hatch (p dng cho cc thit b WC). 6- Zoom to fix : thay v Z-spacebar A-spacebar ta double chut gia. 7- ly layer no lm hin hnh: G `-spacebar (phm k bn phm s 1) v click vo i tng c Layer cn ly lm hin hnh - ` l lnh tt ca lnh ai_molc 8- Khi Hatch dng lnh layiso cha li i tng cn hatch. 9- Trong qu trnh v, dng shift+chut phi chn ch bt im. 10- Dng Chut phi hoc spacebar thay cho phm enter 11- Trong qu trnh v i lc ta cn thc hin li lnh v a gi v chn li i tng v a chn, ta g enter + P + enter + enter 12- Save as file in .ctb vi tn trng vi tn file lu cng th mc v i file .dwg (lc ny em i u in cng c) 13- Trong qu trnh lm vic, nu thy c block hay chi tit no hay th bc b vo file THU VIEN.dwt ri save ui dwt lun. 14- Khi th hin i tng trc sau, trn di th dng wipeout che i tng (khng trim i tng, phng trnh trng hp b phn bc khi tng s b sai) 15- Dng lnh (ko dng biu tng) tt ht cc cng c rng mn hnh v.
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Chng 2
16- Tay tri c dn vo bn phm g lnh v nhp s liu. Tay phi c nm ly chut khng ri.
Cc cu hi chn lc:
[gaulun12] Em hatch hay gp li nhng em ngh i tng hatch ca em khp kn ri. Em khng hiu ti sao! Lm cch no mnh bit i tng khp kn v y anh? Nu khng th phi lm sao? Tr li: - bit i tng kn hay h, bn chn i tng v Ctrl+1 kim tra (xem hnh)
- C th hatch min h vi khong h c nh y
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Chng 2
- Cch n gin nht l v pline kn i tng cn hatch. [manhhung787] A Hip cho hi. Ti sao c i tng hatch trim c v c ci li khng trim c v y? Tr li: Vn trim hatch th khng phi khi no ta cng trim c. Li ny lin quan ti ng bao (boundary). Do khc phc li ny chng ta nn: + Phn vng hatch c ng bao phc tp thnh nhiu vng hatch c ng bao n gin hn. + ng bao phi sch (khng c cc nt iu khin trng nhau) Mo: khi hatch ta dng layiso (2) ch cha li i tng cn hatch Lu : khng khuyn khch trim hatch. [laanhtai] Hi cch khc phc li khng nhn mu Hatch a t bn ngoi vo
Tr li: Khi ta sa tn mu hatch th phi m v sa lun dng u tin (xem hnh) Hi: Chng ta t tn nh vy c ch l i g? Tr li: Do chng trnh sp cc mu tn cc mu hatch theo th t a,b,c nn ta t tn cc mu hatch ta thng dng nm pha trn khi tm kim.
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Chng 2
Cu hi n tp: - Khi hatch i khi chng trnh chy rt lu. C cch no khc phc khng? - i lc cc mu hatch b v th lm th no? - Ti sao c lc mu ca block khng ng vi layer ca n? - Ti sao ta li phi dng file Template? - Ta c th t li im chn ca block (c bn) khng? Bng cch no?
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Chng 3
Mc ch chng:
+ Nm c cc b phn chnh ca nh. + Cc khi nim Mt bng, mt ng, mt ct. + Cch c bn v.
Chng 3.1: 21 B PHN CHNH CA NH

123Cc (Truyn ti xung lp t cng chu ti - BTCT) - Chi tit Wiki Mng (Truyn ti u xung nn t cng chu ti - BTCT) - Chi tit Wiki C ct (Lin kt (truyn ti) t Ct xung Mng - BTCT)
- Hnh tham kho : file nh km C3.1.1 4 king (King Mng v Tng tng Trt - BTCT)
- Hnh tham kho : file nh km C3.1.2 5678Nn (Ngn cch cng trnh vi lp t t nhin - BTCT/cu to dng lp) Ct (Truyn ti xung Mng - BTCT) (dm) (Truyn ti xung Ct v Tng - BTCT) Sn (Truyn ti xung (dm) v ngn cch khng gian - BTCT)
Hnh tham kho : file nh km C3.1.3 910Mi (Bo v cng trnh - LK vi h KC tng trn cng) - Chi tit Wiki Cu thang (Giao thng ng - LK vi h KC ca tng trn v tng di) - Chi tit Wiki
11- Tng (bao, ngn,...) (Bao che, ngn cch khng gian, cch m, cch nhit - LK vi Ct, Dm/Sn) 1213Trn (Che (dm), cc ng ng k thut, cch m, cch nhit - LK vi Sn trn) Lanh t ( Tng trn Ca - LK vi Ct/Tng 2 bn ca) - Chi tit
14- Ca (ca i, ca s,...) (Bao che, ngn cch ng, ly sng, ly gi, cch m, cch nhit - LK vi Tng ti ) 15161718Sn (va h) (Giao thng - Cu to dng lp) Bc cp (bc thm) (Giao thng - LK vi king, console/cu to dng lp) Ban cng (l gia) (Relax, ly sng, ly gi - LK vi Dm/Ct chnh) - Chi tit Wiki Mi n ( vng) (Bo v cng trnh - LK vi Dm/Ct chnh)
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Chng 3
192021-
S n (Thu nc ma - LK vi Dm/Ct chnh) - Chi tit Hp gen k thut (Bao che cc loi ng k thut - Tng xy) Thng tng (ging tri) (Ly sng, ly gi t Mi xung cc tng) - Chi tit
Gio trnh Cu to kin trc : file nh km C3.1.4 Nguyn l Cu to kin trc : file nh km C3.1.5 (Chi tit Wiki: cc bn search Google vi t kha l ch m. V d: Cc, Mng,...)
Chng 3.2: M T BNG M T NG MT CT

- Mt bng l hnh ct bng ca ngi nh. Mt bng thu c l lt ct ca mt mt phng quy c (song song vi mt t) ct qua ngi nh, cao hn mt sn (hoc nn) khong 1 n1.5m. - Mi tng nu khc nhau phi c mt bng ring. Nu cc tng c c cu ging nhau, ch cn v mt bng tng in hnh. Phi cnh minh ha
Chng 3
Mt ng
- Mt ng ca cng trnh l hnh chiu (thng gc) th hin hnh dng bn ngoi cng trnh. N th hin v p ngh thut, hnh dng, t l cn i gia kch thc chung v kch thc tng b phn ngi nh. - Bn v mt ng chnh (ni nhiu ngi qua li hoc quay ra trc ng chnh) cn c din t rt k i khi v t l ln hn cc mt ng hng khc . - Ty theo mi loi sau y, mt ng c nhng tn gi khc nhau th hin nhng hng nhn khc nhau: + Theo trc nh v: mt ng 1-4, mt ng trc A-B,... + Theo hng cng trnh: Mt ng hng Bc, mt ng hng ng Nam,... + Theo trc ng: Mt ng trc ng L Chnh Thng, mt ng Trn Quc Tho,...
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Phi cnh minh ha
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Mt ct
- L hnh biu din cng trnh thu c khi dng cc mt phng quy c thng ng (vung gc vi mt t) ct qua. - Mt ct th hin khng gian bn trong nh, chiu cao nh, chiu cao cc tng, cc l ca, kch thc tng, v ko, sn mi, cu thang, v tr v hnh dng chi tit kin trc bn trong cc phng. V vy, v tr mt ct cn ct qua cc ch c bit nh: ct qua cc l ca qua cu thang, qua cc phng c kt cu, cu to, trang tr ng ch Lu : Khng mt phng ct i qua dc tng, qua tm ct hay khong cch h gia hai nhnh thang. Phi cnh minh ha
Chng 3
Chng 3
* Khi nim
- Mt bng thit k s b (TKSB): l mt bng KTS cung cp ha vin trin khai. (Bn v thit k s b phn kin trc phi th hin c nhng thng tin c bn sau: S tng, chiu cao mi tng. Hnh dng (khi) c bn (cc mt ng)
C cu t chc khng gian nh: s phng, chc nng phng, din tch phng (cc mt bng) Nu c tng thit k chnh (bng vn bn)
- Mt bng gc: l mt bng TKSB m ta chun ha layer v c lu 1 file ring dng lm c s trin khai, s c hc Chng 4) - Tng t ta c: + Mt ng, mt ct TKSB + Mt ng, mt ct gc - Mt bng c bn tham kho (file nh km C3.2.1)
Chng 3.3: CCH C BN V

Mun c c bn v, cc bn phi: - Luyn tp cch nhn (hnh dung) hnh chiu. - Nm c tng quan cng trnh bng cch n li 21 b phn cu to chnh ca nh. Sao cho khi ni ti b phn no ca nh ta u r c cng nng v lin kt (cu to) ca n. C nh vy th chng ta mi hc v c. Do cng c th ni y l iu kin cn nhp mn ngh ny. - Bn cnh cc bn phi hiu c cc k hiu c trong bn v kin trc. - Cn 1 k nng m cc bn cng cn nn luyn tp l: Nhn mt tin - on cu kin. V d: khi ta nhn mt tin 1 cn nh c rt nhiu hnh khi tht li khc nhau. Cc bn hy hnh dung xem l cu kin g? (tng hay ct hay dm hay sn hay vt liu khc) Bn v kin trc l g? Ai c bn v Kin trc? Mc ch ca vic c bn v Kin trc? Cch c bn v Kin trc? * Bn v kin trc: L bn v biu din hnh dng v c cu ca mt khu vc, mt qun th hay mt cng trnh c th, cn c vo ngi ta c th xy dng c cng trnh.
Chng 3
* Ngi c: Nh thu, Th thi cng, Ha vin, KTS, KS, b phn D ton, n v Thm tra, Ch u t. * Mc ch: l ly thng tin t bn v, ty vo ngi c mun ly thng tin g. V d: + KTS: Thuyt minh, quy m cng trnh, din tch, cng nng, chng loi vt liu, kch thc,... + KS: Thuyt minh, quy m cng trnh, din tch, cng nng, chng loi vt liu, kch thc,... + D ton: Din tch, chng loi vt liu, kch thc,... + Thm tra: Thuyt minh, quy m cng trnh, chng loi vt liu, kch thc,... + Nh thu: Thuyt minh, quy m cng trnh, chng loi, kch thc,... + Th thi cng: Kch thc, lin kt cu to,... + HVKT: tt c. * Cch c bn v ca HVKT 1- Xem thng tin ti khung tn v thuyt minh (ghi ch chung) + Tn bn v, k hiu bn v,... v hiu c tng qut bn v. 2- Phn ni dung: + C thng tin thi cng khng? + C ng cu to khng? + C (li khng khp) vi cc b mn khc (kt cu, in nc, phi cnh) khng? + Thuyt minh, ghi ch c r, v ng khng?
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3- Phn th hin: + Cc dimstyle, textstyle v k hiu c ng nht (bng nhau) khng? + T l, nt in c ng khng? + Sp xp bn v c hp l khng?
- Do cng c th ni: HVKT l ngi (ngh) v cho mi ngi c.

2
- Cch c bn v v s dng Layer (file nh km C3.3.1) - Tham kho cch c bn v ca KTS (file nh km C3.3.2)
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Chng 4
Mc ch chng:
+ Cch chun ha Layer bt k v Form mu. + Cch to MB, M, MC gc lm c s trin khai. + Cch nhn bit v kim tra d liu u vo trc khi trin khai.
Chng 4.1: TO MB, M, MC GC (lm c s trin khai)

- Chng ta s bt u trin khai khi c file thit k s b (TKSB) c duyt. File TKSB bao gm: Mt bng cc tng, Mt ng v mt ct s b (tng ng vi h s xin php xy dng) - Gi nh khi chng ta trin khai t file TKSB ca ngi khc (n v khc), vn chng ta gp phi l: mu sc layer, dimstyle, cc k hiu, nt in,... khng nh form ca mnh nn rt kh lm vic. Do chng ta phi thc hin cng tc chun ha layer theo form ca mnh. Form chng ta c hc l file Template KIEN TRUC.dwt - Dng lnh: Laytrans (LL) chuyn Layer
Chun ha Layer v form mu

- M file thit k s b ca KTS gi. Click vo tng i tng kim tra quy lut t tn Layer. V d: + Layer dim c th c t l: kich thuoc, do, dimension, + Layer tuong c th c t l: wall, net tuong, + Layer vat dung c th c t l: VD, furniture, do dung, * Bc A: G LL-spacebar. Nhn nt Load file Form mu y l file KIEN TRUC.dwt (xem hnh)
Chng 4
Bc 1: Chn cc layer cn chuyn bn khung 1 Bc 2: Chn layer chuyn bn khung 2 Bc 3: Nhn nt Map Thc hin li bc 1, 2, 3 cho n khi ht layer bn khung 1 Bc 4: Nhn nt Translate Bc 5: Chn No (khng save)
Chng 4
- Do file ca ngi khc v nn chng ta s khng kim sot c cch t tn Layer. Do sau khi chng ta Laytrans cng c th cn mt s i tng cha v ng Layer theo form nh mong mun. Vy nn chng ta phi a cc i tng v ng layer theo form bng cch hc Chng 2 (v d: i tng l ca c Layer "cot" th ta phi chuyn v Layer "cua" hoc mu ca Block (c bn) cha ng th ta edit block bng cch double click vo block v qut li Layer) - G PU-spacebar - nhn gi phm A cho ti khi ht purge c xa cc thuc tnh khng dng ti (layer, block, dimstyle,...) * Lu : n li cch s dng Layer theo form (file nh km C2.4.2) v cch c bn v (file nh km C3.3.1) - Lc ny chng ta kim sot c Layer ca file TKSB m KTS gi. Tip theo chng ta s to file gc trin khai. Trc tin l to MB gc. * Bc B: + M mi file KIEN TRUC.dwt + Copy tng MB (trt, lu, mi) vo v save t tn ln lt l: mat bang tret goc, mat bang lau goc, mat bang mai goc * Lu : + Tn file khng c du ting vit. + Mi file mt bng gc ch cha 1 mt bng duy nht. * Bc C: Move hnh v gn gc ta (0,0) (bt im tng i gc di tri mt bng) - Thao tc: + Qut chn hnh + bt im nh trn + M+spacebar + Nhp 0,0 - Nu hnh khng di chuyn ta nhn F12 v thc hin li (Bc C l bc set im chn cho file gc) - Ctrl+S save file. * Bc D: MB gc bao gm cc thng tin sau: + Ch cha 01 MB duy nht. + Phn ct: hatch kiu solid hoc dng lnh Trace v hoc hatch kiu BTCT nh trong file KIEN TRUC.dwt (scale=10) + Phn tng: hatch kiu ANSI 31 - scale=400.
Chng 4
+ Ch cha block thit b bp v thit b WC, khng cha block vt dng khc nh: ging, bn, t, + C 2 lm dim: dim trc (cch li trc 1200), dim tng (cch dim trc 500) + Lu : File gc khng cha text. * Bc E: kim tra n v ca file gc (Insertion scale = milimeters) + G UN-spacebar
- Thao tc tng t t Bc B n Bc D nh trn, chng ta c mt ng gc v mt ct gc.
Chng 4.2: TO MT BNG XREF (block xref mt bng)

* nh ngha: Mt bng Xref (block xref mt bng): l 1 block mt bng c to ra bng lnh XR. * Ti sao chng ta li to file gc trin khai? + To file gc l bc u tin ca vic trin khai kin trc bng XREF (1 lnh nng cao ca Cad). Chc nng ca XREF l link file ny ti file khc. Do khi ng dng XREF vo trin khai th khi ta sa bn v ny th bn v khc s t ng cp nht (nh Revit). Mt khc cng vic ca 1 HVKT l lun chnh sa bn v khi c s thay i t pha KTS hay CT. Nn vic dng XREF trin khai s pht huy li th khi c s kin chnh sa xy ra. iu ny s lm lng tng thm ch l mt kim sot (i vi cc cng trnh ln) i vi nhng ngi khng dng XREF.
Chng 4
+ V d: Trong qu trnh trin khai, KTS hay CT mun thay i hng Thang hay v tr cc thit b v sinh th chng ta ch cn sa file MB gc th cc bn v chi tit lin quan s t ng thay i theo (ch bng c click Reload) * T bn v m ta mun to mt bng Xref. (V d m file KIEN TRUC.dwt) - G UN-spacebar kim tra unit nh hnh chp (file chnh v file gc phi cng n v)
- G XR-spacebar. + B1: Chn attach file .dwg + B2: Chn file mt bng gc + B3: Chn open + B4: Nh hnh chp
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+ B5: click (ra mn hnh) chn v tr t mt bng Xref Lu : + Trong 1 file c th c nhiu block xref khc nhau. + lu file xref (km theo cc file gc) ta dng lnh eTransmit \nhn tip OK\nhn Save. - Thao tc tng t ta c cc Mt ng xref, Mt ct xref.
Chng 4.3: M FILE GC ( chnh sa)

* ngha ca cng tc ny: Trong qu trnh trin khai i lc ta mun tr v file gc chnh sa hay b sung thng tin. Ta lm nh sau: - Dng lnh XOPEN - Lnh tt XX + G XX-spacebar v click vo mt bng Xref chuyn v MB gc. + Chnh sa b sung + G PU-spacebar - Nhn A cho ti khi ht purge c ( sch bn v trc khi save) + Ctrl+S save nhng thay i v ng MB gc li. + Quay tr li file c mt bng Xref (file chnh), chng trnh bo Reload nhng thay i khi ny ( gc di bn phi mn hnh) + Nhn Reload, nhng thay i s c cp nht.
Chng 4
+ Nu khng thy chng trnh bo Reload th ta g XR-spacebar v chn Reload nh hnh chp.
Hoc: click phi vi biu tng Manage Xrefs\Reload DWG Xrefs
Lu : Chui thao tc ny s theo ta rt nhiu sut qu trnh hc, nn cc bn phi thc hnh nhuyn chui thao tc ny.
Chng 4
Chng 4.4: KIM TRA D LIU U VO

File thit k s b hoc h s xin php xy dng ca KTS bao gm cc bn v sau: mt bng, mt ng, mt ct (nu c). y cc thng tin sau: - Mt bng: Li trc, ct, tng, ca, nt thy(1), vt dng, code cao sn, nhng ghi ch quan trng(2) - Mt bng mi: dc, hng thot nc, v tr s n, phu thu(3) - Mt ng: Cao tng, khi kin trc(4), cc chi tit trang tr khc (ron (m) tng, ch (ni) tng,...) (1) Nt thy: nt bc thang, tam cp, tng lng, ranh lch code. (2) Ghi ch quan trng: nhng yu cu ca Ch u t hoc nhng c bit ca KTS (Thang bng dng rng ca, WC c 2 khu kh v t ring, kch thc ca theo l ban,...) (3) Phu thu (nc): chn rc v ngn mi. (4) Khi kin trc (pha mt ng): mng tng, sn, dm tht (hoc li). Lu : Chng ta c cng nhiu thng tin th cng thun li cho vic trin khai. Nn xc nhn nhng thng tin trn cng nh phng n kin trc l cui cng, trnh tnh trng chnh sa PA khi ang trin khai. Cc bn nn ghi chp phn ny lm ti liu tham kho sau ny lm vic.
Chng 4.5: TNG QUAN CNG TC TRIN KHAI

1- Lp tin cng tc trin khai theo danh mc hoc nh file tham kho (file nh km C4.5.1) 2- Kim tra d liu u vo bn v thit k s b v cc thng tin ( ) thit k. 3- Xc nh cng vic l trin khai tng nn cng vic lin quan n sng tc tng ta phi tham kho kin KTS 4- Thc hin theo quy trnh (t chng 4 n chng 12)
Ht Chng 4
Chng 4
H tr lm BT Chng 4
Edit block thuc tnh
- i vi cc block c bn, cc bn ch cn double click vo block th c th edit thoi mi, ng block v save l xong. Cn i vi block thuc tnh th hi phc tp hn, cc bn lm theo cc bc sau: 1- Click phi vo thanh toolbar, m cng c "Refedit"
Chng 4
2- Click vo block cn edit, kim tra 3 tr s ny phi bng nhau (v khng c s l)
3- Click vo y edit
4- Edit ty
Chng 4
5- Click vo y save
Nhng lu khi lm vic vi Xref

1- Kim tra unit gia file chnh v file gc phi ging nhau trc khi dng lnh XR 2- hn ch vic mt ng dn gia file chnh v file gc, chng ta nn t chng vo cng 1 th mc. 3- Khi m file Xref ta phi gii nn trc. 4- gi file Xref cho ngi khc m khng b mt ng dn n file gc ta dng lnh Etransmit hoc ta c th tho b link xref bng chc nng "bind" Lu : nu c xref lng xref s khng bind c
11
Chng 5
Mc ch chng:
+ Cc khi nim c bn trong cng tc trin khai. + Cc thnh phn c trong cc bn v trin khai MB, M, MC v quy trnh trin khai.
Chng 5.1: CC KHI NIM C BN

- Trin khai: v th thi cng (lm r kch thc, lin kt cu to v vt liu cu kin) - Kin trc: nm na l phn da tht ca cng trnh - Wiki (search google vi t kha kin trc) - Kt cu: nm na l phn khung xng ca cng trnh - Wiki (search google vi t kha kt cu) - Code kin trc: l cao hon thin phn kin trc (gch p lt, g sn, granite,...) - Code kt cu: l cao b tng ct thp (BTCT), thp hn code kin trc 50mm. - nh code cao : Th hin cao ti v tr . - Li trc: L nhng on thng dng nh v ct, mng, dm. - Vt liu hon thin: l lp trn (ngoi) cng ca cu kin (Tng, nn, ct,...) - nh v: xc nh v tr cu kin. - y Dm(), sn: l cao mp pha di Dm(), sn. - Sn dng: mp trn Sn trng vi mp trn Dm. - Sn m (50,100): mp trn Sn thp hn mp trn Dm 50,100. - Sn lt: mp di Sn trng vi mp di Dm. - Dm console: L Dm vn ra khi h Ct, Dm chnh. - Dm mi: L Dm kha (kt thc) sn ln. - Chiu ngh thang: l v tr t thang bng phng, ni ngh chn tm thi khi i cu thang. - Chiu ti thang: Chiu ti thng thng l hnh lang, ni bc thang cui cng gp sn - Th Model (khng gian Model): l khng gian v. - Th Layout (khng gian giy in): l khng gian t chc bn v (cng c th v) v c th tham chiu n 1 hoc nhiu vng ca khng gian Model. * Cu kin v i tng: - Cu kin l t ca cc KS thng dng ni n cc thnh phn l BTCT. V d: Mng, Ct, Dm, Sn, Thang,...
Chng 5
- i tng l t thng dng ni n cc thnh phn c trong bn v. Dm trong tng l g? V d: ta c Dm 100x300, ti v tr (trn v di) ta c tng 100 th khi hon thin ta s khng thy Dm th ta gi Dm l Dm trong tng hoc ta c Dm 200x300, ti v tr (trn v di) ta c tng 200 th khi hon thin ta s khng thy Dm th ta gi Dm l Dm trong tng (y ch l cch gi, khng phi nh ngha)
Chng 5.2: TRIN KHAI MT BNG

* Mc ch ca bn v ny l cung cp cho ngi c nhng thng tin c bn sau: - Kch thc phn xy th (tng ngoi, tng trong). - Cng nng phng, din tch phng. - Code nn/sn tng khu. - S bc thang, hng i ca thang. - Cu to nn/sn tng khu ( dng k hiu) + Din gii cu to nn/sn (file nh km C5.2.1) (Hip s ni thm vn ny Chng 9) - Khoanh vng v t k hiu cc chi tit cn trin khai (hay cn gi l trch dn chi tit cn trin khai). Hoc ghi ch di dng text. V d: Chi tit Thang xem bn v KT-05. Chi tit khu v sinh xem bn v KT-06, * Quy trnh v mt bng (file nh km C5.2.2) - Cc bn c th tham kho Quy trnh v mt bng p dng v li bi tp ca cc Chng trc. * Lu : + Chng ta ch hc cch th hin mt bng ch khng hc cch binh phng n mt bng. + Quy c t l 1/100 - 2 nt c khong cch <50 (v d nt bc thang nh ra 20 hay mt bn granite nh ra 20,...) th ta c th th hin 1 nt. - M file KIEN TRUC.dwt v save thnh file .dwg vi tn bt k. V d: TKKT.dwg - G XR-spacebar to cc mt bng Xref v b tr vo khung A3 (c cung cp trong file bi tp) - Chuyn qua layer dim dim (*) Tng v cc ca - Mc ch l Th thi cng phn Tng xy v cha ca. - Lu : ta ch dim chi tit (dim i tng), dim trc v dim tng chng ta c sn bn MB gc. Nu cha c chng ta phi tr v MB gc (lnh XX) b sung.
Chng 5
(*) Quy cch dim - Nu l cng trnh c kch thc mt trc = mt sau, mt tri = mt phi (nh l ph) th chng ta ch t k hiu trc v dim trc, dim tng cho 2 hng l c. (thng thng ta t k hiu trc pha Mt ng chnh v pha di cng trnh) - Nu l cng trnh c kch thc cc mt ng khc nhau (bit th) th chng ta phi t k hiu trc v dim trc, dim tng cho 4 hng. - Chng ta phi dim sao cho cc Tng c trn bn v phi kch thc th xy. Khng c thiu (trng hp hay thiu l dim tng trong) v d. (trng hp hay d l ta dim pha tng ngoi vo tng trong ta li dim tip) - i vi cc cng trnh dn dng, thng ta khng dim b dy tng 100, 200 m ta ch dim ti mp ngoi ca tng (tr 1 s trng hp c bit cn lm r thit k b dy tng) - Cc ng dim phi thng hng (trng nhau), text dim nu chng ln nhau th ko 1 text sang v tr khc. - Khng dim ct (kch thc ct th thi cng s xem bn v kt cu) - Dim tng trong khng text dim dnh vo cc i tng, thng cch i tng gn nht khong 500 - Cung cp thng tin: Tn phng, code nn/sn hon thin, k hiu cu to nn /sn, nh s bc thang, trch dn (xc nh) chi tit cn trin khai (*) (*) Trch dn (xc nh) chi tit cn trin khai: - L chng ta khoanh vng bng hnh ch nht chi tit cn trin khai sao cho c th nh v c chi tit cn trin khai, ngha l phi offset ra khi trc gn nht 1 khong #200 v t k hiu trin khai (trong file KIEN TRUC.dwt) - Cc chi tit cn trin khai: Cng tng ro (nu c), bc cp, vch trang tr, cu thang, v sinh, tiu cnh (nu c), khung-gin-lam st (nu c), ban cng/l gia, mi ly sng, s n, pho ch v cc chi tit kin trc khc. Ni chung l cc chi tit m MB t l 1/100 th cha th thi cng c. - Nh ni trn ngoi cch lm khoanh vng v nh k hiu cho chi tit cn trin khai. Chng ta c th xc nh chi tit cn trin khai bng cch din gii nh sau: Chi tit Thang xem bn v KT-05. Chi tit khu v sinh xem bn v KT-06, - cng chnh l tiu im ca kha hc v cng l c s chng ta lp tin cho cng vic trin khai. * Lu : + t tn phng trn, code nn/sn v k hiu cu to nn/sn di. + nh s bc thang ta ch nh bc l (1,3,5,...) v bc cui cng.
Chng 5
- Tip n ta v ng ct qua nhng cu kin cn th hin chi tit (cao ) nh: hc tng, ca,... v mt ct (xem trang 14) (ng ct trn chnh l mt phng quy c (vung gc vi mt t) m qua ta thu c hnh ct cng trnh theo hng nhn) - File tham kho (file nh km C5.2.4) * T o MB b tr vt dng (ni tht) v nh v ca - ng nh tn gi, mc ch ca bn v ny l cung cp thng tin s b v v tr ca cc vt dng tng ng vi phn xy th (Tng), v tr Ca. Bn v ny thng do KTS cung cp trong phn Thit k s b. Nu cha HVKT cn tham kho kin ca KTS khi b tr vt dng. - Quy cch nh (ghi) k hiu Ca ca trn MB (file nh km C5.2.5) Cc bc thc hin: 1- Ly (copy) MB xref ra 1 bn. 2- Chn k hiu ca (xem file nh km C5.2.5) 3- Chn cc block vt dng sao cho hp l (xem file nh km C5.2.6, C5.2.7) - Cc bi vit v b tr Ni tht (file nh km C5.2.6) - Cc trang Web v Ni tht (file nh km C5.2.7)
Chng 5.3: TRIN KHAI MT NG

Mc ch ca bn v ny l cung cp cho ngi c nhng thng tin sau: - Hnh dng bn ngoi cng trnh theo hng nhn thng gc (khi kin trc) - Kch thc cc khi kin trc cng nh cc cu kin khc lin quan n yu t thm m. Nu t l 1/100 cc cu kin cha c th hin r thit k th ta bc chi tit (*) cu kin cn trin khai (*) Khoanh vng v nh k hiu chi tit cn trin khai. - Cao mi tng v cao ton cng trnh (tnh t code 0.0 ti nh mi). - Vt liu hon thin cc khi kin trc v cu kin. * Quy trnh v mt ng (file nh km C5.3.1)
Chng 5
* Lu : + Chng ta ch hc cch th hin mt ng (khng hc cch binh phng n mt ng). + Quy c t l 1/100 - 2 nt c khong cch <50 (v d nt bc cp nh ra 20 hay nt ron tng rng 20,...) th ta c th th hin 1 nt. Cc bc thc hin: Cc bn m file c cc MB trin khai ta lm chng 5.2 - G XR-spacebar to cc mt ng Xref v b tr vo khung. - Chuyn qua layer dim dim cc khi kin trc (a phn l cao phn Tng xy). - Lu : ta ch dim chi tit (dim khi kin trc), dim trc v dim tng c sn bn mt ng gc (nu cha chng ta phi tr v mt ng gc b sung). - Quy cch dim, cc bn xem trang 3 v file KIEN TRUC.dwt - Ghi ch: vt liu hon thin, xc nh (trch dn) chi tit cn trin khai. - C 2 cch ghi ch: + Ghi ch dng k hiu ri din gii k hiu 1 gc bn v. Ghi ch dng ny thng gp cc bn v t l nh (1/200, 1/100). u im: bn v trng gn gng hn. + Ghi ch trc tip ti hnh v. Dng ny thng gp cc bn v chi tit t l ln (> 1/50). u im: th hin r thng tin chi tit - File tham kho (file nh km C5.3.2)
Chng 5.4: V MT CT
* Bi ny c xem nh chng ngi vt v cng l tiu im chnh ca chng trnh hc. Nu cc bn vt qua c ro cn ny th con ng pha trc s d dng hn nhiu. Li khuyn: + Tp nhn hnh chiu + Su tm cc block vt dng dng trong MC (file nh km C5.4.1) + c 2 cun ebook Chng 3 + V tht nhiu. Mc ch ca cng tc ny ( t l 1/100) l: v hnh ct tng th cng trnh nh v cu kin, th hin cao cu kin v cu to s b cc cu kin. - v MC dc (ton b) cng trnh chng ta phi v c cc hnh chiu ct (mt ct) hnh chiu ng (mt ng) ca cc cu kin v ghp chng li vi nhau. V d: tng, ca,
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thang,...Trong bn v mt ct gm c 2 phn chnh l hnh cu kin b ct (bi mt phng quy c l ng ct trn MB) v hnh chng ta thy c khi nhn theo hng du ct trn MB - Din gii phn ct v phn thy trong bn v MC (file nh km C5.4.2) * Lu : + Quy c t l 1/100 - 2 nt c khong cch <50 (v d: nt ron tng rng 20, nt granite bc thang,...) th ta c th th hin 1 nt. + Code 0.0 thng thng t ti phng khch tng trt.
1 - Cc d liu u vo
+ Mt bng cc tng, ng ct v hng ct. + Cao cc tng (phn bit code kin trc v code kt cu) + Chiu cao Dm chnh (s b) = 1/12 chiu di Dm. + Chiu cao Dm ph (s b) = 1/14 chiu di Dm + Chiu rng Dm (s b) = Chiu cao Dm/2 hoc bng Tng ti v tr . + Chiu cao king (s b) = 1/15 chiu di king + Chiu rng king = Tng ti v tr . + Chiu cao Dm console (s b) = 1/4 khong a ra (Dm console l Dm a ra khi ct hoc dm chnh) + Kch thc Ca (rng x cao) + Thng s vch (trang tr) gm: rng, cao v vt liu hon thin hoc cu to c bit (c n ht tng hay p g,) + Kiu cu thang: thang dng bng hay git bc. + V tr thit b WC: c nh theo phong thy hay c thay i cho hp l hn.
2 - Quy trnh v mt ct (file nh km C5.4.3)

Bc 1: M file KIEN TRUC.dwt Bc 2: Copy MB gc (hoc MB xref) vo (c ng ct v hng ct) - bit c i tng no b ct v khng b ct. Bc 3: Xoay mt bng theo hng du ct hng ln trn (mn hnh) Bc 4: Copy mt ng vo - ly cao tng v bit c i tng b ct pha mt ng. * Lu : i chiu vi code trn mt bng xc nh cao sn lch tng (nu c)
Chng 5
Bc 5: G XL-spacebar - V-spacebar to ng ging dc ly li trc. - G XL-spacebar - H-spacebar to ng ging ngang ly cao tng. Hnh minh ha (file nh km C5.4.4) Bc 6: V Dm, Sn ti cc im giao li v cao tng (lu : code kt cu) + S kim tra v chnh sa b sung cc Dm ph v v tr sn m sau khi v Tng. + Sn dy 100 (s update sau khi c bn v KC) Hnh minh ha (file nh km C5.4.5)
3 - Nm r chc nng, lin kt cu to ca cc i tng (cu kin) b ct hoc thy

A- V cc i tng b ct (bi ng ct) + G XL-spacebar + V-spacebar + Click chn vo v tr i tng c ng ct qua - to ng ging + V hnh ct ca i tng b ct, xong xa ng ging (xem file hng dn bn di) * Lu : hatch i tng b ct) B- V cc i tng thy theo hng nhn (khng b ct bi ng ct) + G XL-spacebar + V-spacebar + Click vo gc (cnh) ta thy trn mt bng. + V nt thy (Pline) vi cc i tng l cnh tng. + Copy mt ng cc block vt dng, ca vi cc i tng l block vt dng, ca, xong xa ng ging (xem file hng dn bn di) - V nt thy cu thang: Tra bng chn s bc v cao bc thang (file nh km C5.4.6) -----------File hng dn: - Cch v mt ct tng trt (file nh km C5.4.7) - Cch v mt ct lu 1 (file nh km C5.4.8) - Cch v mt ct lu 2 (file nh km C5.4.9) - Cch v mt ct sn thng (file nh km C5.4.10)
Chng 5
- File tham kho: file nh km C5.4.11 - File tham kho v MC 1: file nh km C5.4.13 - File tham kho v MC 2: file nh km C5.4.14 - File tham kho v MC 3: file nh km C5.4.15 - File tham kho v MC 4: file nh km C5.4.16 * Ni dung: - Din gii cc cu kin (i tng) c trong mt ct. - Cch ging ly cao ct Mi dc. - Cch tnh dc v gc ca Mi. - Din gii 1 s cu kin c bit v cch th hin. - Tham kho cch ging v th hin hnh ct cc cu kin.
Chng 5.5: TRIN KHAI MT CT

Mc ch ca bn v ny ( t l 1/100) l cung cp cho ngi c hnh ct tng th cng trnh nhm nh v cu kin, th hin cao cu kin v cung cp thng tin cc cu kin nh: vt liu, cu to. - Sau khi v mt ct xong ta to file MC gc tng t nh to MB gc ( hng dn Chng 4). Cc bc thc hin: - M file c MB xref, M xref chng 5.2 - G XR-spacebar to cc MC Xref v b tr vo khung (nh hnh chp). Hnh minh ha (file nh km C5.5.1) - Dim cc i tng cn th hin cao th v thu ph thi cng + Phn Tng: tng lng, tng ban cng, tng sn thng, hc tng trang tr, tng s n. + Tay vn cch nn bao nhiu? + Ca s cch nn bao nhiu? + Lu : cc cu kin c bc chi tit th khng dim t l 1/100 v khng dim phn KC nh: chiu cao Dm hoc b dy Sn (tng t nh MB l ta khng dim Ct). - Cung cp thng tin:
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+ Hatch cc cu kin cn thuyt minh r vt liu hon thin nh: hc tng trang tr, tng p , gch, lam g,... + Ghi ch (dng k hiu) Nn/sn. V d: nn tng trt=N1, nn WC trt = N2, nn tng lu = N3,... - Tham kho cu to nn/sn (file nh km C5.5.2) + Ghi ch vt liu hon thin (din gii phn Hatch vt liu hon thin). V d: mu hatch ny l giy dn tng, mu hatch kia l p gch,... + Trch dn (khoanh vng v nh k hiu trin khai) cc chi tit cn trin khai lm r thit k hoc cc cu kin phc tp c nh hng n khi lng d ton (lam trang tr, vch phc tp, tiu cnh, thc nc, mi ly sng, khung st bo v,...) File tham kho (file nh km C5.5.3)
Ht Chng 5
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H tr lm BT Chng 5
Cc k hiu c bn c trong MB
1- K hiu trc: nh v cu kin. 2- K hiu chm trn v mi tn: th hin cao lch hng ln. 3- K hiu du ct lng (thang): gii hn vng nhn v Thang xut pht ca tng trnh s nhm ln bc thang gia cc v thang, thng c t t bc th 5 n bc th 10 ca v Thang xut pht. 4- K hiu code cao : th hin cao nn/sn ti v tr . 5- K hiu cu to nn/sn: cung cp thng tin rt gn cu to nn/sn. 6- K hiu mt ct (du ct): cung cp Tn v v tr t MC . 7- K hiu trch dn chi tit cn trin khai: cung cp Tn v v tr ca chi tit cn trin khai.
Cc k hiu c bn c trong M
1- K hiu trc: nh v cu kin. 2- K hiu code cao : th hin cao tng. 3- K hiu vt liu hon thin: cung cp thng tin rt gn VLHT.
Cc k hiu c bn c trong MC
1- K hiu trc: nh v cu kin. 2- K hiu code cao : th hin cao tng. 3- K hiu cu to nn/sn: cung cp thng tin rt gn cu to nn/sn.
Cc li trong cng tc trin khai MB-M-MC

G- Chung 1- Li ng dim b dnh vo nhau 2- Li cc ng dim so le v ngt qung trong khi vn c th cho thng hng v lin tc. 3- Li thiu 3 ng dim: dim i tng, dim trc, dim tng (700-500-500) 4- Li thiu k hiu trc. 5- Li k hiu t so le (thay v c th t thng hng) 6- Li kch thc l hng n v. A- Phn trin khai MB: 1- Li dim thiu phn tng trong (tng ngn) 2- Li ng dim bn trong cha ng hng dn: cch i tng 500.
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3- Li dim ct (lu : khng dim ct) 4- Li dim d (bn ngoi dim ri, bn trong li dim tip) 5- Li thiu k hiu cu to nn/sn. 6- Li thiu khoanh vng v t k hiu chi tit cn trin khai (*) 7- Li cc k hiu so le trong khi vn c th cho thng hng. 8- Li khng dim v trc gn nht. 9- Li t Tn bn v ti MB con (thay v phi t ti MB m) 10- Li t du ct lng khng ng v tr (tng i bc s 7) 11- Li thiu nh s bc thang. 12- Li k hiu khng ng b theo file KIEN TRUC.dwt. (*): Chi tit cn trin khai: l cc chi tit m t l 1/100 cha th cung cp thng tin th thi cng. Bao gm: + Thang. + V sinh. + Ca. + Ban cng hoc l gia. + Mi ly sng, Mi dc, s n. + Vch trang tr. + Cng, tng ro. + Cc chi tit trang tr khc. B- Phn trin khai M: 1- Li dim thiu cc khi kin trc. 2- Li dim chi cht tng k ron (thay v ch cn ghi 1 cu l: tng k ron rng 20 m 10) 3- Li ch dim i tng m thiu dim trc, dim tng. 4- Li thiu ghi ch vt liu hon thin. 5- Li thiu k hiu cao tng. C- Phn v MC dc: 1- Li cc cu kin Dm, sn khng ng code KC nh hng dn(*) 2- Li hng ct khng thy cu Thang (lu : phi c 1 MC nhn thy cu Thang) 3- Li v MC Tng nm lng l khng c Dm bn di.
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4- Li thiu hatch Tng b ct. 5- Li hatch cc mng Tng khng phi tng trang tr. 6- Li khng v sn lt ti v tr ban cng, sn m 50 ti v tr WC 7- Li khng dc code trn MB bit kiu nh c lch tng hay khng. 8- Li cha tnh ng chiu cao Dm s b (# 1/12 chiu di Dm (chnh); #1/14 chiu di Dm (ph)) 9- Li v nhm gia phn ct v phn thy (phn ct b ng ct ct qua, phn thy th khng b ng ct ct qua)
(*): Code trn MB, M, MC l cc code kin trc hay cn gi l code hon thin. Code KC phi thp hn code hon thin 50 cn thi cng hon thin p lt. D- Phn trin khai MC: 1- Li dim thiu nhng ch cn dim nh: tng lng, chiu cao tay vn, khong a ra ca ban cng. 2- Li dim chiu cao Dm (lu : khng dim phn KC) 3- Li ch dim i tng m thiu dim trc, dim tng. 4- Li thiu k hiu cu to nn/sn.
Vn code king
- Quy c code +-0.000 l code phng khch (theo bi hc). Do ta c code king chun l -0.050 ( king dc). - T ta c 2 cch v king ngang (tng ng vi 2 cch thi cng king) l: + king ngang git theo code nn (hnh bn tri). + king ngang theo code king dc (hnh bn phi). + king ngang thp hn code king dc th buc phi h code (cm vo c ct) trng hp ny l code Sn ( king ca Cng tng ro)
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Chng 5
Cc cu hi chn lc:
Cu hi: File Template (.dwt) dng lm g? Tr li: - File .dwt l dng file template (file mu), dng cha nhng thnh phn m chng ta c th tn dng cho cc bn v sau. V d: cc thnh phn Hatch, K hiu, Dimstyle, Layer, Do ngi c dng file template s lm vic hiu qu hn ngi khng dng file template. Lu : khi c cc thnh phn mun save vo file template th khi save ta phi chn ui .dwt, nu khng Acad s mc nh save thnh file .dwg
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Chng 5
-----------[laanhtai] Hip cho anh hi v v MC - Cc thng tin v cao nc WC, bn bp, hc tng, kt ca,trong bt khng c th v c chng thi sao? nht l ci nc WC trong gm cu thang? - Thang trong MC cng v tm theo s bc trong MB phi khng? Tr li: - Nhng phn anh hi tt c l ca ngi thit k. C th: + Trn WC nm trong khong t 2400 n 2700 (chng 7 ta s hc). WC di gm Thang th c th ng hoc khng ng trn. + Bn bp hay cc dng (vt dng) trong nh ni chung ph thuc vo kch thc ca ch nh. Tuy nhin vn c 1 mc chung hay dng l cao 800. + Hc tng th chng ny ta l ngi thit k lun (v ty ) nhng Hip c hng dn trong Topic c bn v MB: Hc tng c thm nt ngang l hc tng c chn, khng c nt ngang l hc tng khng chn. + Kch thc ca chng ny ta cng l ngi thit k lun (chng 8 ta s hc). + MC thang th ta chia s bc bng cch ly cao Thang chia cho s bc thang ra chiu cao mi bc (Chng 6 ta s hc) - Ni thm: ng ra th cc anh ch phi hc ht tt c cc chi tit kin trc, ngha l phi v c MC ca cc cu kin b ng ct ct qua th mi v hon chnh c MC ton nh. Nhng do chng trnh hc bm st quy trnh lm vic (trin khai kin trc) nn cc anh ch s phi hc v MC (s b) ton nh t l 1/100 (*) trc (sau ny khi lm vic, cc anh ch c theo quy trnh c hc m lm nh). Sau ta s hon chnh MC ton nh sau khi chng ta i ht chng 11. -----------[lcnguyen] Anh cho hi l vi mi ng ct trn 1 MB nh vy th ta s v dc t trn xung di (nc -> trt) hay ta ch v cho mi MB thi? Tr li: - Mi MB nn 1 ng ct ngi c MC s i chiu vi MB. - i vi cc phn mm 3D, khi ta dng mp ct chng ta s c hnh ct xuyn sut cc tng. Nhng vi Acad l phn mm 2D mi th u do ta quy c. Do ng ct ti cc MB c th khc nhau, sao cho th hin c nhiu chi tit cu to cng tt. - Lu : + Khng v ng ct qua ct (v c BVKC) + Khng v ng ct ct qua khong trng gia 2 v thang.
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Chng 5
Hnh tham kho
MC B-B th ta v thng MC A-A th ta ngt di sang ct qua ca MC C-C th ta ngt di sang ct qua ca ban cng v lan can tay vn -----------[lienvan1]: Tm mt ng ci bp, c ai gip mnh vi. Chng ny v mt ct kh qu, chc phi v thng xuyn thi Tr li: Ch tham kho y : http://bepsaigon.com/home/ Cch v t bp (file nh km C5.4.12) -----------M rng: Khi chng ta trin khai cc MB hoc gn n giai on hon thin hoc hon thnh h s, nhng v 1 l do no c thay i thit k (v d: thay i s bc thang, v tr WC, mirror ban cng,...) th nu chng ta khng dng xref th vic chnh sa rt cc li d b sai st. Nhng nu chng ta dng Xref th vic chnh sa nh nhng hn v trong tm kim sot. V chng ta bc cc chi tit: Thang, WC, Ban cng t MB nn khi chng ta thay MB th cc chi tit cng t ng edit theo. C 2 cch chng ta thay MB:
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Chng 5
1- Thay ti MB gc
2- Thay ng dn tham chiu n file gc.
Lu : iu kin dng cch th 2 l cc file gc phi c cng im chn (trong bi hc hng dn l gc ta 0,0) - Khi khng c s kin chnh sa phng n thit k th cch th 2 c xem l cng c chng ta thit k nhiu phng n.
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Chng 6
Mc ch chng:
+ HDSD 11 Lisp tng tc khi v. + Cc thnh phn c trong bn v trin khai THANG v quy trnh trin khai. + Dng XC bc chi tit MB Thang t MB gc. + Dng XC bc chi tit MC Thang t MC gc.
Chng 6.1 : CCH S DNG AUTOLISP

Cc bn c hc 30 lnh Chng 1. Cc bn s phi hc thm 5 lnh p ng cho cng vic giai on ny. 1- AL : Lnh ging cc i tng theo cc i tng khc. y l 1 lnh c bit c th ni l 1 lnh kt hp ca 3 lnh: Move, Rotate v Scale. + Chn i tng (cn ging) + G AL-spacebar + Click chn im th 1 trn i tng cn ging + Click chn im th 1 trn i tng th 2 + Click chn im th 2 trn i tng cn ging + Click chn im th 2 trn i tng th 2 -spacebar + No-spacebar: Khng dng thm lnh scale + Yes-spacebar: Dng thm lnh scale - Thng dng v h kt cu Mi dc. Cc bn thc hnh bi tp nh trong din n hiu r thm v lnh ny. 2- TXT2MTXT - TY : Lnh chuyn Text 1 dng thnh Text nhiu dng + Qut chn cc Text 1 dng + G TY-spacebar (Ngc li chuyn Text nhiu dng thnh Text 1 dng, ta dng lnh X) - Thng dng trong vic ghi ch, thuyt minh 3- ETRANSMIT - EE : Lnh ng gi cc file lin quan c trong bn v. + T file m g EE -spacebar + Nhn OK --> t tn --> nhn Save
Chng 6
- Thng dng gi file c xref cho ngi khc khi b mt file con 4- REGEN - RE : Lnh ti to bn v + Tng ng thao tc Refresh ngoi window + Trong qu trnh v ta g RE-spacebar - Thng dng khi cc i tng khng c hin th ng. V d: ng trn b gy khc; Nt linetype khng hin th ng. 5- PURGE - PU : Lnh lm sch bn v (loi b cc thuc tnh khng dng ti trong bn v) + Trc khi save ta g PU-spacebar + Nhn A (hoc Yes) cho n khi khng nhn tip c na th ng li. - Thng dng trc khi save lm nh bn v ------------ Hip xin gii thiu b Lisp mnh thng dng gm 11 lnh tng tc khi v (Lisp do thnh vin Cadviet vit).
- Lisp c hiu nm na nh l nhng lnh m rng ca Cad, c ngi dng t vit bng ngn ng Autolisp.
- Cch gi lnh (lisp) tng t nh lnh (c bn) ca Cad. * Cch load Lisp 1 ln duy nht 1- Th mc cha file Lisp. 2- Chn cc file Lisp cn Load. 3- Chc nng Load tm thi. 4,5- Chc nng Load Lisp s dng lu di.
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* Cch tm tn lnh Lisp - M file autolisp bng chng trnh notepad. Tn lnh Lisp chnh l nhng ch sau defun c:
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- Sau khi ta Load Lisp v d tn lnh Lisp, ta vo t lnh tt cho lnh . V d sau khi load Lisp advt ta c th gn lnh tt nh sau: add, *advt * 11 Lisp tng tc khi v 1- CD : lnh ct chn Dim 2- CT : lnh copy s tng 1 n v (1 copy ra 2, A copy ra B,...) 3- FR : lnh ni 2 on thng - Tng ng vi t hp lnh (F-spacebar; R-spacebar; 0spacebar) 4- HB : lnh hatch nhanh (gch, knh, b tng) 5- NN : lnh ni cc ng thnh polyline 6- DV : lnh chia khong cch u nhau gia 2 im - Tng ng vi lnh DIV nhng hay hn. 7- ADVT : lnh thm nt iu khin cho i tng 8- DBL : lnh chn im chn mi cho block 9- WO : lnh to nhanh wipeout bng cch pick im 10- LTRUC : lnh chn ct vo li trc 11- VTB1 : lnh v nhanh hnh ct (thy) thang 1 v - Video s dng Lisp (file nh km C6.1.1) Hin ti c th cc bn cha cn 11 Lisp ny nhng nn lu v s rt hu dng cho cc bn sau ny. Bi tp nh (file nh km C6.1.2) Cc bn thc hnh thm 3 lnh: - Scale (SC) vi tham s R - Rotate (RT) vi tham s R - Align (AL) c scale v khng c scale Cc bn dng nhuyn 30 lnh chng 1 + 5 lnh b sung + 11 lisp ny th cc bn c trong tay b cng c rt tt (ch c ti lp HVKT t xa ny)
Chng 6
Chng 6.2: CU THANG - Google - Wiki (search google t kha Cu thang)

u tin cc bn phi c phn Cu to Thang (t trang 199 n trang 236) trong cun Nguyn l cu to kin trc Khng nm ngoi mc ch nh trnh by chng 3.3, mc ch chnh ca bn v trin khai Thang l cung cp cc thng tin cn thit th (thu ph) thi cng hon thin hng mc Thang gm cc thng tin sau: - Cao thang v phn kt cu (s b) Thang xem c nh hng n kin trc nh khng? (v d: khong i ng u, li Dm,...) - Cao mi bc thang c nm trong khong l tng t 150 n 170 v khng vt qu 180 khng? - Lm r cc lp cu to v lp vt liu hon thin phn Thang nh: mt bc, i bc, len chy theo thang (gch, , g) - Chi tit lan can tay vn phi tha mn 3 yu t: thi cng c, an ton, thm m. - Lu : + Khi thi cng phn Kt cu (BTCT) Thang c bn v kt cu. + Khi cc bn trin khai n phn Thang thng thng cc KS s cung cp cho cc bn h KC ca Thang.
* Cc bc thc hin: 1- Ly MB Thang t MB Xref:

- M file chnh thc hin chng 5.2. Copy mt bng Xref c Thang cn trin khai. - V hnh ch nht bao MB Thang. Khung bao ny phi ly c cc li trc gn nht nh v thang (cch u 4 cnh v bo gc nu cn) - Nn chn chc nng ny:
- G XC-spacebar - Click vo mt bng Xref-spacebar - N-spacebar

Chng 6
- S-spacebar - Chn hnh ch nht bao khu vc thang-spacebar
2- Ly MC Thang t MC xref
- Copy mt bng Xref c Thang cn trin khai. - V hnh ch nht bao MC Thang. Khung bao ny phi ly c cc li trc gn nht nh v thang, cao xut pht v cao kt thc thang (bo gc nu cn) - V lan can tay vn (tham kho ca KTS)
3- Trin khai:
A- Trin khai mt bng (hay b sung thng tin th thi cng) - Scale mt bng Xref thang ln 2 ln ta c MB Thang t l 1/50 + nh v thang: ngha l ta chn k hiu trc bit Thang ang nm trc my? i vi cng trnh nh ch c 1 Thang th khng quan trng nhng i vi cng trnh ln th vic nh v l rt quan trng. + Dim bc thang: bit chiu rng, chiu ngang mt bc. + Hatch vt liu hon thin mt bc (thng l granite hoc g) + nh s bc thang: xc nh s bc thang + V tay vn thang: C 2 loi: - Thanh chng trn mt bc hay thanh chng cp hng thang. B- Trin khai mt ct + Scale mt ct Xref thang ln 2 ln ta c MC Thang t l 1/50 (Scale mt ct Xref thang ln 4 ln ta c MC Thang t l 1/25) + Dim cao bc thang: bit chiu cao mi bc (Dng lnh ED din gii cao bc thay v dim tng bc. V d: 10 bc x 160 = 1600) + Hatch BTCT Dm, Sn, bng thang BTCT (Do y l block Xref nn chng ta phi dng lnh Wipeout (W) che hatch solid ca block Xref trc ri thc hin lnh Hatch BTCT sau. Xem video hng dn trn din n) + V lan can tay vn: Nu chng ta th hin lan can tay vn trn MC th trng bn v s p hn Tuy nhin vic v lan can tay vn thng thng mt rt nhiu thi gian m th th khng xem phn ny thi cng!
Chng 6
- Th thi cng phn lan can tay vn ch cn thng tin ti hnh v chi tit cu to lan can tay vn, v tr thanh chng ng (ti bc no). Do Hip s hng dn cc bn trin khai thang khng v lan can tay vn trn MC trin khai. + Ghi ch: - K hiu trc - Cc lp cu to ca Thang: bng k hiu cu to nn v din gii k hiu. - Code cao tng. - Thuyt minh chia bc Thang. C- Trin khai lan can tay vn - Nh ni trn. Chng ta s v chi tit in hnh cho 1 on lan can y kch thc, lin kt cu to. C th nh sau: - T l th hin thng thng l 1/25 hoc 1/20. D nhin l ta v t l thc sau khi hon chnh ta scale ln t l tng ng. V d: TL 1/25 th scale 4 ln. - Dim kch thc (chn thc dim tng ng) - Lm r chi tit lin kt cc thanh ng vi thang (ghi ch). Khong cch thanh ng. - Ghi ch vt liu - Ni thm: Hin nay cc chi tit cu to in hnh lan can tay vn rt nhiu trn mng. Do chng ta s khng phi v m ch cn chn mu ph hp vi thit k v copy/paste. - Ngoi ra theo phong cch hin i KTS hay CT thng chn lan can knh. M lan can knh th c v s hnh mu t cc nh cung cp. Chng ta c th chn hnh + cung cp m hng thay v ngi v ra m cha chc v ng!
- Quy trnh v MC thang (file nh km C6.3.2) - Cu to Thang BTCT cc loi (file nh km C6.3.3) - Cch chia bc thang (file nh km C6.3.4) - File tham kho (file nh km C6.3.5) - Ngoi loi thang BTCT, chng ta cn c loi thang st (thng gp v tr sn thng ln mi) hay thang thot him (thng gp cc cng trnh cng cng).
Ht Chng 6
Chng 6
H tr lm BT Chng 6
Cc li trong cng tc trin khai Thang
G- Li Chung 1- Li thiu k hiu trc, dim trc 2- Li hatch phn BTCT. + T l 1/100 hatch solid. + T l 1/50 hatch mu BTCT (trong file KIEN TRUC.dwt) + T l 1/25; 1/20 phi v thm lp va. 3- Li mu hatch 2 lp chnh nn tng trt khng ng. + Lp BT 4x6 dy 100~150. + Lp t t nhin m cht ~450. 4- Li thiu dim 5- Li chiu cao ch v text dim <>180. A- MC ngang qua thang (t l 1/100) 1- Li chia chiu cao mi bc khng ng. 2- Li khng v theo quy trnh (nh MC dc): + V h li trc, cao tng. + V h KC Dm, sn. + V Tng (ct, thy) + V Thang (ct, thy) + Chn block (nu c) 3- Li tnh sai chiu cao Dm s b. 4- Li v Dm, sn sai code KC. 5- Li sai v tr hoc thiu Dm. 6- Li dm ph to hn Dm chnh. + Dm chnh l Dm nm ti li trc (l Dm truyn ti xung cc Ct chnh) + Dm ph l cc Dm c trong bn v khng phi l Dm chnh. 7- Li thiu 3 ng dim (i tng, trc, tng)
Chng 6
8- Li thiu code cao tng. 9- Li thiu k hiu trc; cu to nn/sn. 10- Li thiu dim v thang. 11- Li thiu th hin king. 12- Li thiu lan can tay vn. 13- Li v nhm phn ct v phn thy. 14- Li khng th hin phn thy (nt tng, ca, vt dng) 15- Li th hin i tng trc sau (i tng trc che i tng sau, c th dng trim hoc wipeout) B- Trin khai MB Thang (t l 1/50) 1- Li thiu code cao . 2- Li thiu nh s bc thang. 3- Li thiu nt mi bc (nt ngoi l nt thy continue, nt trong l nt i bc hidden) 4- Li khng scale (x2) MB. 5- Li khng dim ng thc TL1-50. 6- Li t du ct lng khng ng (t tng i ti bc s 7) 7- Li thiu ghi ch cu to nn thang. 8- Li thuyt minh cao bc thang. C- Trin khai MC Thang (t l 1/50) 1- Li thiu code cao . 2- Li khng scale (x2) MB 3- Li khng dim ng thc TL1-50 4- Li v khng cc lp cu to thang. 5- Li v nhm phn ct v phn thy. 6- Li thiu k hiu + ghi ch cu to nn thang. 7- Li thiu thuyt minh cao bc thang. D- Lan can tay vn (t l 1/50, 1/25, 1/20) 1- Li v tr thanh chng ng vo su bc thang (trng hp chng trn mt bc) hoc a ra xa bc thang (trng hp cp hng bc thang). (Thng th tim thanh chng cch mp bc #50, p dng cho 2 trng hp)
Chng 6
2- Li khng ng b khi khc t l. V d: t l 1/50 dng st trn, sang t l 1/20 th dng st vung!) 3- Li yu t thm m. V d: kin trc nh hin i th li dng mu lan can c in v ngc li. 4- Li yu t an ton. V d: thanh xin tha, tr em c th chui qua lt hoc tay vn trn cng qu thp. 5- Li yu t kh thi. V d: v thiu lin kt, thanh chng ng tha khng kh nng chu ti hoc lan can c hnh dng qu phc tp.
Vn chia bc Thang
Cu hi : V d khi trin khai MC Thang cao 3900 v c 22 bc. Ti sao ta khng dim chiu cao Thang v dng lnh ED ghi ch l: "3900 chia u cho 22 bc" th thi cng t chia bc thang? Hoc: Ti sao ta khng ly chiu cao Thang chia cho s bc (v d: 3900/22 bc = 177.272727) v ly s chn l 177. Phn l khi thi cng mc nhin s c th dn vo bc cui cng? Hoc: Ti sao ta li lm bc u tin cao hoc thp hn cc bc cn li? Tr li: V chng ta lm thit k ngha l phi tnh ton v v ra c cng trnh trc khi thi cng cng nh r sot c hu ht cc li khi thi cng. Cng nh thun tin cho ngi s dng. Nu ta th chia Thang th ngi th s phi ly 3900/22=177.272727 v ly s bc l 177 hoc 178 th lc ny bc cui cng s cao hoc thp hn cc bc kia, m iu ny th theo kinh nghim ca Hip th khng nn. L do: sau khi ta bc i ln cc bc thang u nhau, ring bc cui cng khc cao ta s rt kh chu (ht chn hoc vp) - Do cch chia bc thang trong bi hc l ta dn phn l cho bc u tin.
Cc khi nim v k hiu

- u tin l k hiu mi tn v chm trn quy c bc c chm trn l bc u tin, mi tn l hng i ca Thang. Khng ch ring phn Thang, trn MB v tr lch code nn/sn (bc cp, ramp dc) u phi c k hiu ny. - Du ct lng dng gii hn vng nhn. hiu du ny ta phi nh li nh ngha MB c c l do mt phng quy c (song song vi mt t) ct ngang cao 1m hoc 1,5m. Ngay v tr thang i ln ta c hnh dung s b mt phng ny ct v ta t du ct lng ti gii hn vng nhn ca tng . V d ta ngt qung bc s 9 th cc nt t bc 1 n bc 9 ta th hin nt thy "thay"). Nhng bc tip theo t du ct lng tr i l nhng nt ca bc tng di (ta th hin nt mnh "manh") hoc nt tip theo ca thang (th hin nt khut "khuat") - Lu : ta quy c t du ct lng ti v tr bc s 7 - nh s bc thang: c 2 trng phi + Cch 1: nh lin tc t tng trt ln n tng trn cng. nh kiu ny ta s khng b nhm thang ca cc tng. Ngi mi hc nn nh s bc theo cch ny.
Chng 6
+ Cch 2: nh ring cho mi tng, ngha l bc xut pht ca tng trn ta nh li l 1. Khi nhn quen phn thang, cc bn nn nh theo cch ny (v thng tin m ngi c quan tm nht thang l s bc ca mi tng) - nh (xc nh) c s bc ta phi move/copy (t trng) MB c thang kt thc xung MB c thang xut pht.
Cc loi Thang
File tham kho (file nh km C6.3.6) Ni dung: - File hnh: l cc loi thang 1, 2, 3, 4 v, thang cong, thang xon, thang dng bng, thang git bc. - File cau kien thang.dwg: l file MC thang tham kho (hnh cha v ng phn code KC v code KT nh bi hc) - File KC THANG1.dwg: l file kt cu thang. Nu chng ta hc Ha vin KC th chng ta phi v (th hin) nhng bn v ny (v thp cho cu kin BT) - File KC THANG 2.dwg: l file kt cu thang. Cc bn tp c bn v ny bng cch khoanh vng nh v cu kin nh file KC THANG 1 nh.
Cc loi Lan can tay vn

Ty theo yu cu thit k m tay vn c th l: St, bng gang, inox, g, knh. Tuy nhin vn theo mt vi nguyn tc chung sau: - Ph hp thm m vi tng th nh. - An ton. Tay vn thang cao tng ng vi chiu cao bc nh sau: + Bc cao 150 th tay vn cao 900 so vi mt bc. + Bc cao 160 th tay vn cao 850 so vi mt bc. + Bc cao 170 th tay vn cao 800 so vi mt bc. + Bc cao t 170~180 th tay vn cao 800~750 so vi mt bc. (Lu : chiu cao bc thang nm trong khong t 150 n 170 l chiu cao bc l tng)
Cc cu hi chn lc:
- Cu hi: Cc MB chi tit (MB thang, MB v sinh, MB vch trang tr, MB ban cng,...) c bc ra (xclip) i khi s b dnh cc Text, dim,... Vy khi chng ta scale trin khai t l ln hn th sao? Cc Text v dim s to gp i!
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Chng 6
- Tr li: C 2 cch gii quyt v cng chnh l phng php ta trin khai bng xref 1- Chng ta chuyn qua th Layout, vo khung nhn ng l tt cc Layer . 2- Chng ta s to cc file c bn khng c cc Text v dim bn trong hnh - Tng t cc MC nh: Thang, WC, Vch,... chng ta cng c th bc (xclip) t MC c bn (file con) v tinh chnh thm hoc dng xopen quay v tinh chnh MC c bn.
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[manhhung787] Anh hip i cho em hi v tr tng i gia dm chn thang,dm chiu ngh dm cui thang vi dm chnh? nhiu ch thang e vn cha hnh dung c v tr cc dm trn nn trin khai v gp kh khn, c bt buc ch no c chiu ngh ch c dm chiu ngh khng? Tr li: Hng download "File tham kho" thang trong phn bi hc cha nh? Trong file Hip cng c ghi ch nh v cc cu kin Thang. Hin ti ta hc cch th hin nn ta khng quan tm n v tr tng i g c. Ngha l chng ta v MC Thang da vo MB Thang m KTS binh (ra phng n). - Vn Hng hi lin quan n kt cu nn ta phi hiu nm na nh th ny: + Thang l 1 cu kin BTCT giao thng t tng di ln tng trn. Do Thang (hay bt c cu kin no khc trong cng trnh) phi c lin kt vo h kt cu chnh ca nh l (Ct, Dm, Sn. Phn Mng ta khng ni ti v nm bn di mt t nh, Kin trc ta ch quan tm n phn trn mt t) + Ngha l phn di Thang phi lin kt vi h KC ca tng di, phn trn Thang phi lin kt vi h KC ca tng trn, phn gia Thang (c th l v gia hoc chiu ngh) cng phi lin kt vi h KC gn -> Dm -> Ct - C rt nhiu loi Thang BTCT. Nhng thng gp l cc Thang Hip gii thiu trn. Do chng ta ch quan tm n nguyn l gp bt c Thang no cng v c: - Di bc thang u tin th c Dm (Dm chn thang - t tn cho khi nhm vi cc Dm khc) - Bc cui cng l Dm (cui thang) - Trn 10 bc phi c chiu ngh (khng c cng chng sao, nhng i mt rng chu ^^) - Thang cong (cng trnh dn dng) khng c chiu ngh. + Thang thng dng bng th BTCT bng thang, trn xy gch inh to bc, trn na l mch va v lp hon thin l granite hoc g (l 2 loi vt liu thng dng) + Thang thng dng git bc th BTCT ton khi git theo bc + Thang cong dng bng th cng BTCT bng thang trn xy gch inh to bc, trn na l mch va v lp hon thin l granite hoc g (l 2 loi vt liu thng dng)
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Chng 6
+ Thang cong dng git bc th BTCT ton khi git theo bc (t gp v rt kh thi cng) + Thang r qut v tr chiu ngh th d nhin l khng c chiu ngh v cu to nh sau: . BTCT nm di bc r qut di cng v cc bc trn xy gch to bc theo mt bng bnh thng. Vn lin quan n kt cu d hnh dung, cc bn nn dnh cht thi gian ra cng trng ang thi cng hiu r hn v cc loi Thang nh. Sau ny khi ta lm vic cng vy, nhng HV ngi vn phng nhiu th ch c th v p, cn mun v ng phi ra cng trng nhiu. -----------[lcnguyen] Em mun v ng bao l hnh trn th lm sao anh? Em lm ging nh hcn nhng khng c. Tr li: to ng bao Xclip vi hnh bt k ta lm nh sau: Vn gi lnh XC bnh thng
Nhng thay v chn Select polyline hoc Rectangular, ta s chn Polygonal
Sau pick im trn hnh bt k to vng che. [laanhtai]: Hi dm 100x300 nhn n qu yu ch bng 1/2 tit din! nh vy bn ch lch tng c lm dm 100x300 c khng? Sao trong mu ny chiu cao bc thang cc tng khc nhau nhiu qu 145 - 165 -171 Tr li: Dm thang i lc s nh hng n kin trc (v d: li dm i vng vai hoc u). Nn chng ta buc phi x l bng cch p Dm. Chiu cao Dm (chnh) vn theo tnh ton s b trong phn bi hc =1/12 chiu di Dm.
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Chng 6
Anh hi nh th c yu khng? th Hip cng khng tr li c. y chng ta ang trin khai kin trc, cc cu kin kt cu ch c tnh ton s b v th hin sao cho khng nh hng n cng nng s dng bn trong. Vic ta p Dm cng ch l a ra gii php, KS s tnh ton ti trng Thang v a ra tit din Dm ph hp (c th l 100x300 tng Thp hoc tng tit din 100x400 th ty). - Hip mun gii thiu cho cc anh ch cc mu Thang 3 v + 1 v lch tng cc anh ch hiu c phc tp ca Thang. Khi cc anh ch trin khai c mu thang ny th cc mu thang khc s n gin hn nhiu. - Mu ny thang t Trt ln lu 1 cao 3300 - 21 bc. Khong lch tng 500 - 3 bc. Thang t lu 1, lu 2, lu 3 cao 2900 - 17 bc. Do ta s c 3 cao bc khc nhau, khng vn g c. Min sao khng <150 v >180 l c. S bc thang ta c gng cho vo khung Sinh hoc Lo l c. - Chiu rng bc thang t trt ln lu 1 = 230. Chiu rng bc thang tng lu = 250. Min sao khng <230 v >270 l c.
M rng: CCH S DNG LAYOUT ( iu khin Layer)

lm vic c trn th Layout, cc bn phi hiu c cc khi nim. I- Khi nim: - Th Model (khng gian Model): l khng gian v. - Th Layout (khng gian giy in): l khng gian t chc bn v (cng c th v) v c th tham chiu n 1 hoc nhiu vng ca khng gian Model. - Viewport: Khung nhn. T th Layout ta c th nhn thy v in cc i tng bn th Model theo nhiu cch nh: 1- Xem v in cc t l khc nhau. 2- Khng ch hin th Layer (tt/m layer) cho ra cc bn v khc nhau. 3- B sung thng tin (k hiu, ghi ch) cng l ni dung ca Chng ny. - Lnh to viewport: Mview (VV) + G VV-spacebar-OK + Click 2 im trn mn hnh (nh v hnh ch nht) Cch to viewport l nh vy nhng theo chng trnh Hip to v cung cp cho cc bn file TKKT.dwt c sn cc viewport tng ng vi khung A3.
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Chng 6
- Kha/m viewport: Khi ta click vo khung viewport - nhn Ctrl+1 (xem hnh)
+ Yes = kha viewport + No= m viewport - Khung nhn ng v khung nhn tnh + Khung nhn ng: l khi ta double click vo trong viewport. Khi ta v hay lm bt c g th i tng nm bn th Model (nu viewport cha kha ta c th zoom hnh ca th Model ty , nu viewport kha th khng zoom c). Ta thng vo khung nhn ng iu khin Layer. + Khung nhn tnh: l khi ta khng double chut vo trong viewport hay ta double bn ngoi khung viewport. Khi ta v hay lm bt c g th i tng nm bn th Layout. Ta thng b sung cc k hiu v ghi ch bn khung nhn tnh. II- Cch iu khin Layer trong tng viewport 1- Vo khung nhn ng ca viewport c bn v cn tt/m Layer. 2- Tm Layer cn tt/m v click vo biu tng nh hnh chp.
Chng 6
Lnh chuyn cc i tng t Layout sang Model v ngc li: chspace (cc bn t to lnh tt l CH nh) (*) Khung tn: l 1 khung hnh ch nht kch thc tng ng vi cc kh giy t A3 n A0 (A4 rt t dng) gm cc thng tin sau: - Tn n v u t (ch u t). - Tn n v thit k. - Tn nhng ngi tham gia thit k, v, kim tra, ch tr. - Tn cng trnh (d n), a im. - Tn hng mc (nu thuc cng trnh ln) - Tn bn v - S hiu bn v, ngy hon thnh, v mt s thng tin khc.
Chng 6
Bi tp Cc bn chn block vt dng vo MB c bn (MB gc). Thc hnh dng Layout cho ra MB chi tit v MB vt dng ( chng 5)
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Chng 7
Mc ch chng:
+ Din gii cc thnh phn c trong bn v trin khai WC v quy trnh trin khai. + Dng XC bc chi tit MB WC t MB gc. + Dng XC bc chi tit MC WC t MC gc. - Khc vi chng 6 i hi cc bn phi nm vng ku cu, nguyn tc lin kt cc cu kin kt cu, hnh dung 3D cu kin thang. Chng 7 thnh phn kt cu chu lc kh n gin nhng li i hi cc bn phi c mt cht thm m v luyn tp thi quen nhn cng nh am hiu cc vt liu v thit b WC. - Hnh ni tht WC tham kho (file nh km C7.1.1)
Chng 7.1: CC B PHN CU THNH WC

1- Dm sn BTCT. 2- Tng gch. 3- Vch ngn (thng gp khu WC cng cng) 4- Trn gi (che cc ng ng pha trn) 5- Ca i, ca s. 6- Lp hon thin nn, tng (gch/ p lt) 7- Hp gen (bao che cc ng k thut ng) 8- Phu thu nc (chn rc v ngn mi) 9- Thit b WC + Lavabo, gng soi. + Bn cu, bn tiu. + Tm ng (vch knh), tm nm. + Vi tm, vi ra. + n gng, n trn, qut ht. + T k (nu c)
Chng 7
Chng 7
Chng 7.2: TRIN KHAI WC

* Ngoi chc nng thun ty ni y cn l ni ngh ngi th gin nn vic thit k phng WC c cc KTS rt quan tm. Khng nm ngoi mc ch nh trnh by chng 3.3, mc ch chnh ca bn v trin khai WC l cung cp cc thng tin cn thit th (thu ph) thi cng hng mc WC nh: + Kch thc (din tch) phng WC (dim tng) + V tr thit b WC (dim nh v thit b) + Chng loi v quy cch p lt gch nn, tng hon thin (hatch v ghi ch) + Khong lch code nn hon thin trong v ngoi WC. + dc v hng thot nc. + Cao trn gi.
* Cc bc thc hin
A- Trin khai MB * Ly mt bng WC t mt bng Xref: - M file chnh trin khai cc bi tp trc, copy MB xref c WC cn trin khai. - Khoanh vng WC cn trin khai, sao cho ly c trc gn nht (cch trc 200~300) - G XC-spacebar ly mt bng WC. - Copy ra 1 bn v mt ct (nu MC gc khng ct qua WC) - Bn kia scale (x2) trin khai t l 1/50. Scale (x4) trin khai t l 1/25. + V ng ct v t k hiu MC (ti thiu 2 hng nhn) + Dim Tng v trc nh v, dim nh v thit b WC, nh v phu thu v mt trong tng. + Hatch gch v nh du gch mc. + t k hiu nn, t k hiu code cao (trong v ngoi WC), t k hiu hng thot nc v dc thot nc (hng v phu thu) + Ghi ch vt liu hon thin trn MB. B- Trin khai MC * Ly mt ct WC t mt ct Xref c WC cn trin khai (cch 1) hoc v mi mt ct WC (cch 2) - Cch 1: Dng XC tng t nh MB. - Cch 2: Cch ny dng khi MC gc (ng ct) khng ct qua WC.
Chng 7
+ Quay mt bng (t l 1/100) theo hng nhn du ct hng ln. + Ly cao WC (cao tng c WC) + V h KC Dm, sn: Dm chnh, dm ph, sn trong WC -50 so vi sn ngoi WC. + G XL-spacebar ging cc i tng b ct v v hatch. + G XL-spacebar ging cc i tng ta thy v v. + B tr thit b ta thy (dng block c sn trong file th vin) + Dim cao cc thit b WC, dim cao tng. + Hatch gch tng hon thin v gch im (nu c) + t k hiu code cao hon thin trong v ngoi WC. Cao khu kh/t (nu c) + Ghi ch vt liu hon thin. + Khoanh vng chi tit cn trin khai (nu c). V d: ngch ca, chi tit p lt c bit, - File tham kho (file nh km C7.2.1)
Ht Chng 7
Chng 7
H tr lm BT Chng 7
Cc Li thng gp trong cng tc trin khai WC 1- Li thiu Dm ti v tr c Tng hoc Dm chnh ti li trc. 2- Li tng xy khng chm ti y Sn hoc Dm. 3- Li scale Hatch (t l >=1/50) + Hatch vt liu tng (b ct) : ANSI 31 - scale=400 + Hatch vt liu BTCT : BTCT - scale=20 4- Li hatch solid BTCT (dng kiu hatch BTCT nh file KIEN TRUC.dwt) 5- Li sai chiu cao text dim (dng ca file KIEN TRUC.dwt v khng c edit chiu cao text dim) 6- Li sai chiu cao text. Xem trong file KIEN TRUC.dwt ta thy trong bn v c 3 loi chiu cao Text (kh A3) + Tn bn v: cao text = 400 + Tiu : cao text = 250 + Ghi ch chi tit: cao text = 160~180 (p dng cho text dim) 7- Li ch ln ngc (c 2 cch gii quyt nh bn di) 8- Li thiu hoc sai dc thot nc (WC c dc thng thng i=2%~3%)
Cc cu hi chn lc
[manhhung787] Em c thc mc khi lm phn ny: Trong cc mt bng em khng thy code WC phn ny KTS cung cp hay minh thm vo ? code gia cc v tr trong WC thng v tr thu nc th code phi thp hn v tr khc ch ny nh code th no ?Cao trn gi so vi trn WC l bao nhiu ? Tr li: - Code WC ty vo thit k ca KTS. y ta c hc code WC thp hn code bn ngoi 30. nn WC hon thin khng bng nhau m s c cn dc v v tr phu thu nc. Ta th hin bng k hiu dc (i= 2%) v hng thot nc (mi tn). l l do ti sao sn BTCT khu vc WC ngi ta s lm -50 so vi sn bn ngoi. - Cao trn gi ph thuc vo cao sn BTCT ti v tr v ca KTS (gch p tng). + Thng thng trong nh , ta thng gp kiu nh c h WC cng v tr (ch khc tng). Do trn WC s l WC nn mc ch ca vic ng trn gi ngoi cch m, cch nhit, che h KC, n cn c chc nng che h ng dy ng ng k thut. Do khong cch gia trn
Chng 7
gi v sn BTCT tng trn phi thi cng cc ng ng (cch y Dm ti v tr #200, thng thng khong ny tha nn ta khng quan tm nhiu) + Kiu c ta thng thy WC p gch tng cao khong 1700~2000, pha trn sn nc. Ngy nay ta thng thy cc WC thng c p gch tng cao ti Trn gi. Do ty vo kch thc gch v kiu p m ta c cao Trn gi. y ta hc l 2700 (gch p 300x300 hoc 300x600) -----------[lcnguyen] Em tham kho mt s bn v ca cc anh ch khc nn em c vi cu hi: 1- Mnh c th thay i (di chuyn) cc thit b v sinh trong WC hay ko? 2- Mnh c cn phi ghi ch v cc thit b v sinh hay ko? (V d k hiu: Ci ny l ci vi tm hoa sen) !!!??? 3- Anh Hip cho em hi l c cch no em c th xc nh dc loi gch lt nn c ko? VD nh em mun lt Bng King 6 tc vy th em phi lm sao xc nh cho vin ng 6 tc vung trong qu trnh hatch? Tr li : 1- HVKT c th thay i v tr cc thit b WC ca file TKSB hay ko? Cu tr li l c 2 trng hp: - Nu ngi thit k hoc ch nh c coi hng (phong thy) th ta ko c thay i. - Ngc li th chng ta c th thay v tr. Tuy nhin, cch b tr phi hp l hn hoc c duyt bi ngi thit k. V d: + Dim cc thit b khng c l (#0) + Cc thit b cch nhau (hoc cch tng) ti thiu l 500 (trnh vng khuu tay). - Lu : + Trnh t lavabo vng ca i. + Ca s gn thp hoc hng lt ca ca s ngi bn ngoi c th thy ngi bn trong. V d: WC t gn v tr thang lch tng thng mc li ny. + Phu thu phi t gc tng (cui phng WC) hoc gn hp gen v c tnh ton trc gch lt nn ch phi ct 1 vin. 2- Vn ny cng c 2 trng hp: - i vi n v thit k chuyn ni tht th h s ch nh lun thit b c th. V d: m hiu, nh sn xut ca thit b,.. - i vi n v thit k khng chuyn ni tht th khng cn phi nh th. 3- Nguyn chnh ti mc spacing (xem hnh)
Chng 7
Chng 8
Mc ch chng:
+ Dng cng c Attribute thng k ca. + Cc thnh phn c trong bn v trin khai Ca v quy trnh trin khai.
Chng 8.1: THNG K CA = Attribute Extraction

Hip xin gii thiu n cc bn 1 cng c kh hay ca Cad. Cng c xut d liu (thuc tnh) ca block thuc tnh chng ta thng k Ca thng qua block thuc tnh Ca. * Cc bc thc hin: Dng layiso (2-spacebar) cho hin th cc block k hiu Ca thng k. Vo Tool\attribute extraction
Chng 8
Next...
- Qut chn cc k hiu Ca
Chng 8
Next...
Next...
Chng 8
- Nhp tn bng. Chn table style = FORM TABLE c sn trong file KIEN TRUC.dwt
Next...
- Click vo mn hnh t bng thng k.
Chng 8
Chng 8.2: TRIN KHAI CA

Cng nng Ca: Ngn cch ng, ly sng, ly gi, cch m, cch nhit. * u tin cc bn c phn Cu to Ca (t trang 112 n trang 157) trong cun Nguyn l cu to kin trc - Cc loi Ca thng dng trong cng trnh dn dng: Ca st, ca nhm, ca nha li thp, ca g, ca cun, ca thy lc (bn l sn) * Nhim v: - Thng k (ng) s lng cho n v thi cng (thu ph) - Cung cp kch thc Ca chnh xc (lt lng hoc ph b) - Kiu ca (m, trt,...), chng loi Ca (st, g, nhm,...), vt liu hon thin (sn tnh in, dy knh,...) * Quy trnh: - Tham kho hoc yu cu KTS cung cp mu, kch thc chnh xc (lt lng hoc ph b) - Thng k ca bng cch m (k hiu ca) th cng, dng lnh (LI) m block hay cng c Attribute Extraction - Lp bng thng k File tham kho (file nh km C8.2.1) File tham kho (file nh km C8.2.2) - Quy cch ghi k hiu Ca (file nh km C8.2.3) (*) Ty vo cch lm vic ca tng cng ty, nhng hin nay a phn bn v shop drawing Ca do Thu ph cung cp. n v thit k chnh ch lm nhim v c nu trn. Do chng ta ch v Mt ng ca khng v mt bng, mt ct ca. Ghi ch (ti bn v Ca rng buc n v thi cng (thu ph)) + n v thi cng Ca cn kho st, o c ti cng trng bit kch thc sau cng. Nu sai lch ln hn 1cm so vi bn v thit k th phi bo ngay cho n v thit k chnh x l. + n v thi cng Ca xem MB nh v Ca bit c hng m ca (v tr bn l), khung tng 100, 200. Nu thc t cng trng c sai lch so vi bn v thit k th phi bo ngay cho n v thit k chnh x l.
Chng 8
- Kch thc Ca thng dng (file nh km C8.2.4) - Chng loi st v nhm hp (file nh km C8.2.5) - Ca tham kho (file nh km C8.2.6)
Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc online t xa
Chng 9
Mc ch chng:
+ HDSD 14 Lisp h tr khi lm vic. + Cc thnh phn c trong bn v trin khai MB lt gch, MB trn v quy trnh trin khai. + Chi tit cu to Mi bng, mi dc.
Chng 9.1: 14 Lisp h tr HVKT

1- ch : lnh i chiu cao Text 2- cld : lnh v my (ghi ch) 3- coblk : lnh chuyn cc i tng trong block v Layer hin hnh 4- cso : lnh cng cc s chn thm 1 s 5- csy : lnh ng v lu tt c cc bn v 6- df : lnh hatch nhanh trn thch cao khung ni 7- dt : lnh i tn block nhanh 8- dtm : lnh tnh din tch min c pick 9- hdim : lnh thay i chiu cao text dim 10- t2mt : chuyn nhiu DT thnh MT (vn gi nguyn v tr Text) 11- tg : lnh tnh tng chiu di 12- udt : lnh tnh tng din tch 13- vtl : lnh kha/m cc viewport c chn 14- xlt : lnh xut chiu di on thng L= s (m) - Download Lisp: (file nh km C9.1.1)
Chng 9
Chng 9.2: TRIN KHAI MB LT GCH

Mc ch: Th thi cng p lt gch hon thin, bc khi lng d ton hoc b phn cung cp vt t. - M file chnh trin khai cc bi tp trc, copy MB xref cc tng v b tr vo khung. - V ng bao tng phng v hatch gch nn. - nh du gch mc. - Hatch gch im trang tr (nu c) - Din tch khu vc p lt gch + Dng lnh LI-spacebar, click vo ng bao phng. + Dng lnh AA-spacebar, O-spacebar, click vo vng hatch gch. - Ghi ch thm thng tin: chng loi gch, nh cung cp, gch vin,...
Chng 9.3: TRIN KHAI TRN TRANG TR

Mc ch: Th thi cng ng trn gi hon thin, bc khi lng D ton, lm vic vi Thu ph. Chc nng trn gi: Che h kt cu, h thng ng dy ng ng k thut, trang tr, cch m, cch nhit. (Lu : trng hp nh khng ng trn gi th s khng c bn v ny) - M file chnh trin khai cc bi tp trc, copy MB xref (c vt dng) cc tng v b tr vo khung. - Copy phn thit k trn ca KTS vo mt bng Xref (hoc ha vin t thit k theo mu c cung cp). - Dim kch thc trn. - Kim tra (nh code) cao trn, sao cho trn cao nht phi thp hn y Dm 100 v quy c code (cao ) trn ny l 0.0 (*) - Ghi ch trn c bit (trn h cp, trn chng m,...) - Dim nh v n (so vi trn) - Ghi ch n v nh sng (theo yu cu) (*) Quy c: - Code 0.0 l trn thp hn y Dm 100 (khong h 100 l cc ng ng k thut i bng qua) - Code +100 l trn thp hn code 0.0 (trn li) v code -100 l trn cao hn code 0.0 (trn lm)
Chng 9
Chng 9.4: MI (Wiki) (search google vi t kha Mi)

- C 2 loi Mi c bn 1- Mi bng: hay cn gi l Mi BTCT 2- Mi dc: c 3 loi vt liu thng dng l mi ngi, mi tole v mi polycacbonat
1- Mi bng: cu to nh sn BTCT nhng do chu nh hng trc tip ca nng, ma,...

nn thng c thm 2 lp l: chng thm v cch nhit. Hin nay, do nhu cu chng nng cho Mi BTCT t nn chng trnh hc chng ta cng b qua lp ny. - Mi bng cng l 1 dng Mi nn bt buc phi c cc yu t, thnh phn sau: + dc thot nc vo s n (mng thu nc). [i>=2%] + S n dc thot nc v hng cu chn rc [i>=2%] (xem Chng 5.1 hiu v dc) + Cu chn rc (thit b chn rc trc khi nc c dn vo ng ng ng thot nc t mi xung trt) + Lp chng thm. - Nh hc Chng 3, h KC Mi c lin kt vi h KC (Dm, ct) ca tng trn cng.
2- Mi dc
A- Mi ngi: - H kt cu BTCT: tng t Mi bng BTCT ch khc 1 im l dc ln hn (i>=58% tng ng gc 30 ). Cu to: + Ngi lp lin kt vi li t (lin kt ngm) - Loi ngi theo thit k ca KTS (ngi ln, ngi nh) + Lp li t: thp hnh 25x25, 30x30 + Sn dc BTCT lin kt (truyn ti xung) h Dm (dc theo sn mi) + Dm mi lin kt (truyn ti xung) h Ct tng trn cng. - H kt cu thp hnh: dc phi tha >=58%. Cu to: + Ngi lp lin kt vi li t (lin kt ngm) - Loi ngi theo thit k ca KTS (ngi ln, ngi nh) + Li t lin kt (truyn ti xung) cu phng (lin kt hn) - Li t cch khong theo Ngi, thng dng thp hnh 25x25, 30x30 + Cu phng lin kt (truyn ti xung) x g (lin kt hn) - Cu phng cch khong t 500~800, thng dng thp hnh 30x60, 40x80, 50x100
Chng 9
+ X g lin kt (truyn ti xung) v ko hoc tng hi(*) (lin kt hn) - X g cch khong 1000, ty vo bc ct ca nh. V d: bc ct (<=4m) ta dng thp hnh 50x100; (>4m ~ <=5m) ta dng thp hnh 60x120;(>5m ~ <=6m) ta dng thp hnh 70x140. Ln hn 6m ly s liu t KS. + V ko truyn ti xung h Ct tng trn cng - Kch thc hnh dng v ko ly s liu t KTS v KS. (*) Tng hi l tng chu ti t x g truyn xung h Dm ging u tng hi sau truyn xung h Dm (Ct) tng trn cng. * Lu : dy thp hp h KC mi t 1.5~2.0mm (tham kho thm kin ca KS) - H kt cu G: dc cng phi tha [i >=58%] tng ng gc 30 . Cu to: + Ngi lp lin kt vi li t (lin kt ngm) - Loi ngi theo thit k ca KTS (ngi ln, ngi nh) + Li t lin kt (truyn ti xung) cu phng (lin kt bt + vt) - Li t cch khong theo Ngi, thng dng g 30x30 + Cu phng lin kt (truyn ti xung) x g (lin kt bt + bu lng) - Cu phng cch khong t 500~800, thng dng g 40x80, 50x100 + X g lin kt (truyn ti xung) v ko hoc tng hi(*) (lin kt bt bu lng, ngm) - X g cch khong 1000, ty vo bc ct ca nh. V d: bc ct (<=4m) ta dng g 50x100; (>4m ~ <=5m) ta dng g 60x120;(>5m ~ <=6m) ta dng g 70x140. Ln hn 6m ly s liu t KS. + V ko truyn ti xung h Ct tng trn cng - Kch thc hnh dng v ko ly s liu t KTS v KS. (*) Tng hi l tng chu ti t x g truyn xung h Dm ging u tng hi sau truyn xung h Dm (Ct) tng trn cng. B- Mi Tole (nh ) - H kt cu thp: dc nh hn mi ngi thng l 10% tng ng gc 6 . Cu to: + Tole lp lin kt vi x g thp hnh (lin kt vt) - Loi tole theo ca KTS (sng vung, trn, km, m mu) + X g thp hnh lin kt ngm (truyn ti xung) tng hi. + Tng hi l tng chu ti t x g truyn xung h Dm (ct) ca tng trn cng. - H kt cu G: Hin nay t thy h Tole + g C- Mi polycacbonat - H kt cu thp: dc nh hn mi tole thng l 5% tng ng gc 3 . Cu to: + Polycacbonat hoc composite lp lin kt khung thp hnh (lin kt vt). Silicon trm kn mch nc.
Chng 9
+ Khung thp hnh lin kt vi Dm mi (hoc sn) ti v tr (lin kt bt tc k st) - Khung thp theo ca KTS (st hp 16x16, 13x26, 20x20, 25x25
Ht chng 9
Chng 9
H tr lm BT Chng 9
A- Cc li thng gp trong cng tc trin khai MB lt gch 1- Li nh v gch mc (vin gch lt u tin) khng hp l. 2- Li chng loi (kch thc) gch khng ng ca KTS. 3- Li thiu phn din tch lt gch. 4- Li cha tt Layer vt dng v cc k hiu khng cn thit khc. 5- Li khng hatch cc v tr p lt khc nh: bc cp, cu thang,... B- Cc li thng gp trong cng tc trin khai MB trn trang tr 1- Li thiu thng tin nh: cao trn, kch thc trn. 2- Li trin khai trn khng ng ca KTS (nhm code cao thp) 3- Li cha tt Layer vt dng, ca v cc k hiu khng cn thit khc. 4- Li lm trn st y Dm (h thng ng dy ng ng khng i c) 5- Li thiu b tr n trn v dim nh v n (so vi trn)
Cc bc v MB Mi
- v MB Mi ni ng hn l thit k Mi (ngm hiu Mi y l mi dc) ta phn tch 2 yu t: chc nng mi, cu to mi. + Chc nng mi: Bo v cng trnh, che ma, nng,... Bo v KC bn vng, cch m, chng trm, cn trng, khi bi,... Che nng Vt liu cch nhit tt Che ma Tha dc, ng hoc ng ln thot nc ma tt (tham kho KS nc) + Cu to mi: H Dm sn BTCT, h KC g, h KC thp (tham kho KS KC) - Do h KC mi lin kt vi h KC ca tng trn cng nn ta phi nh v h Ct ca tng trn cng t b tr h KC mi; nh v hp gen dn nc v . Vic cn li l ta v sao cho ph hp vi thit k tha mn yu t thm m ca cng trnh.
Chng 9
Cc bc v Trn trang tr t hnh mu

iu kin: Phi tham kho v hiu c nhiu kiu Trn ngoi thc t thi cng. 1- Copy hnh mu vo Cad 2- Hiu c thit k ca hnh mu p dng cho cng trnh ang trin khai kim tra mc ph hp. 3- o c lng bng mt cc khong h v git cp cng nh cc hc trn 4- Th hin mt bng Trn (v Trn ln trc, cc chi tit nh v sau) 5- nh code cao theo quy c th th thi cng hiu c thit k (nh bi hc) 6- V mt ct Trn ti v tr m nhn MB vn cha thi cng c.
Mt s im lu khi thit k trn, n

- n lon (downlight) m trn nn b tr cch khong t 1200~1400 (cho loi bng c cng sut 15~20W). Bng c cng sut ln th b tr tha ra v khng nn b tr dy hn trnh nt trn. sng cn thit cho cc phng: + Bp, phng hc: 9w/1m2 + Phng khch, sinh hot chung, WC: 6w/1m2 + Phng ng, sn: 4,5w/1m2 + Hin ti ngi thit k rt hay mc cc li sau: Khng AS cho WC, bp, p.hc v d AS cho p.ng, p.khch. Mt s iu ch : - phng sng nh ban ngy, nh sng phi phn b u, mnh, c bit l chiu mnh nh sng ln u cc vch tng. - lm cn phng nhn rng hn, cn tp trung nh sng chiu u ln cc vch. - c cm gic th gin, chiu sng khng u trong phng, c ni mnh, ni yu. - s dng ring t, thn mt, chiu sng khng u, ni ngi s dng th nh sng yu. Cng ra xa, nh sng cng mnh. - to cm gic d chu: chiu sng khng u, tp trung ln cc vch.
Chng 9
Cc cu hi chn lc:
[laanhtai] Hip gii thch dm trn phng l ci g vy ? c phi l cao trnh 2700, 2820 l y sn B tng phi khng? tc l dng y sn lm trn nh 1 s nh dn dng.. Tr li: Trn thch cao hin nay c 2 loi - Trn khung ni (600x600, 600x1200); thng dng cho cc ca hng, vn phng, nh mi tole,... L do: c th ti s dng v d dng thay th tng tm. - Trn khung chm: thng dng cho cc cng trnh nh v cc cng trnh khc. Ngoi nhng chc nng c bn nh trnh by phn l thuyt. Trn gi thng c thit k tng tnh thm m cho ngi nh nh: git cp, h cp, n ht, to hiu ng,... - Theo cht liu th c: thch cao chng m v thch cao thng. + Trn phng l trn khng git cp + Trn git cp l trn khc cao ti 1 khu vc no . V d: phng khch, phng ng,... + Trn h cp (dn thi cng cn gi l h mi) cng l 1 dng git cp nhng ming thch cao ng ca cp di s khng chm ln cp trn v thng thng ta t n ht trn trang tr. File tham kho (file nh km C9.3.1) -----------[html.info] Ci quy c code trn bi 1 l quy c chung hay th no h anh? Tr li: C 2 cch ghi cao Trn ( th thi cng) 1- Ghi cao trn c th. V d: Trn phng khch c 3 cp: 2900, 3000, 3100 v th ko thc t nn hon thin ln 2900, 3000, 3100. Lc ny s gp trng hp l thc t s c v tr khng tha cao ch nh v l do cn Dm, cn ng thot nc,... Lc ny th s gi in i v cao trn khng nh thit k m th li khng dm t h cao trn! C th ni kiu ghi code ny khng hay, khng st vi thc t thi cng. 2- Thng thng cc cng trnh nh ta thng lm trn sao cho cao nht c th nn ta c cch ghi th 2 hp l hn: Xc nh cao trn chnh v lm chun bng mc (thng l cch y Dm 50, 100 hoc bng m nu cn thit). Chnh l trn m ta ghi code 0.00. T , trn no cao hn code 0.00 th ta quy c l trn m (-100, -150,...) trn no thp hn code 0.00 th ta quy c l trn dng (+100, +150,...)
Chng 10
Mc ch chng:
+ Cc vn v ghi ch v t l th hin chi tit. + Cc thnh phn c trong bn v trin khai Mi ly sng, Ban cng, Vch trang tr v quy trnh trin khai.
Chng 10.1: Cc vn cn bit trc khi trin khai chi tit

Cu hi 1: Khi no th v v khi no th ghi ch? - Mt s ngi quan nim 1- Ci g khng v c th ta ghi ch. 2- Ci g khng ghi ch c th ta v. - Vy 1 ng hay 2 ng? Trc khi tr li chng ta tm hiu khi nim: + Trin khai chi tit (bc chi tit): l s dng cc hnh chiu chi tit t l > t l 1/100 lm r cc ni dung kin trc th thi cng m t l 1/100 cha th thi cng c v cc ch thch cung cp thm thng tin ni dung thit k. Tr li: - Ty vo trng hp c th m ta ghi ch hay v. Cc cu kin lin kt n gin th ta ghi ch. Cc cu kin lin kt phc tp, nh hng nhiu n khi lng, chi ph cng trnh chng ta phi v hnh chiu chi tit vi t l ln hn (v d: 1/50, 1/20,...) V d: + Thay v ta v mt ct st hp v dim 2 cnh l 50 v 100 th ta ghi ch = text l: st hp 50x100 + Thay v dim mng tng ln c cc Ron m cch u nhau th ta ghi ch = text l: Tng k ron m 20 cch khong 250. + Thay v dim s lng ln cc Lam b tng hoc lam st cch u nhau th ta ghi ch = text l: Lam kch thc 30x60, cch khong bao nhiu 120 + Ngc li ta khng th ghi ch vo cu thang v ghi di dng text l: cu thang BTCT, bc xy gch inh v chiu cao mi bc l 170,... M chng ta phi c hnh chiu chi tit t l 1/50 hoc ln hn din ha thit k. Cu hi 2: C bao nhiu loi t l khi th hin hnh chiu chi tit? Tr li: - Theo TCVN 6079 quy nh t l trong bn v Kin trc, xy dng l 1/2000; 1/1000; 1/500; 1/200; 1/100; 1/50; 1/20; 1/10; 1/5; 1/2; 1/1 ( d nh th ta c lin tng n mnh gi tin) - i vi hnh chiu chi tit ta thng dng l: 1/1, 1/2, 1/5, 1/10, 1/20, 1/50. i khi chng ta thy c t l 1/25, c dng khi t l 1/20 khng th b cc vo bn v.
Chng 10
Chng 10.2: TRIN KHAI MI LY SNG

u tin cc bn phi c Cu to Mi (t trang 69 n trang 111) trong cun Nguyn l cu to kin trc - Cc bn xem li phn Cu to Mi Chng 9.4 - Chc nng: Ly sng, ly gi v bo v. - Mc ch: th (thu ph) thi cng phn mi ly sng. - Cng tc: V hnh chiu chi tit (lm r kch thc, lin kt cu to v vt liu cu kin). - Cc cu kin lin kt vi nhau u theo nguyn tc (chnh-ph) + Chnh: l cc kt cu chu lc chnh ca cng trnh nh: Ct, Dm, Sn. + Ph: l cc kt cu khung h mi ly sng. * Ly MB Mi ly sng t mt bng Xref trin khai - To mt bng Xref c Mi ly sng cn trin khai. - V hnh ch nht bao khu vc Mi ly sng (bo gc nu cn) - G XC-spacebar - Click vo mt bng Xref-spacebar - N-spacebar - S-spacebar - Chn hnh ch nht bao khu vc Mi ly sng - Copy ra 1 bn v mt ct (trng hp MC gc khng ct qua mi ly sng) - Bn kia scale (x2) trin khai mt bng t l 1/50. Scale (x4) trin khai t l 1/25. + V ng ct v hng nhn. + Dim chi tit. + Hatch vt liu. + Ghi ch code cao , chi tit lin kt (lin kt hn, lin kt vt, lin kt tc k,...) * Ly mt ct Mi ly sng t mt ct Xref trin khai - To mt ct mi ly sng t MC Xref c Mi ly sng cn trin khai (MC dc v Chng 5 hoc MC ngang v Chng 6)
Chng 10
- V hnh ch nht bao khu vc Mi ly sng (bo gc nu cn) - G XC-spacebar - Click vo MC Xref-spacebar - N-spacebar - S-spacebar - Chn hnh ch nht bao khu vc Mi ly sng - Dim cao cc cu kin. - Hatch cc i tng b ct. - Ghi ch cao , vt liu hon thin v lin kt. - Bc chi tit cc lin kt c bit (nu cn thit) * V mi MC Mi ly sng (trng hp MC gc khng ct qua mi ly sng) + Quay mt bng MLS theo hng nhn du ct hng ln. + Ly cao tng v tr Mi ly sng + V h kt cu dm sn + G XL-spacebar ging cc i tng bi ct v v + G XL-spacebar ging cc i tng ta thy v v
.
* Tm tt cc thnh phn c trong hnh chiu chi tit Mi ly sng: 1- Dm mi, Sn, Tng ti v tr - c lin kt vo Dm chnh 2- H khung st mi - c lin kt vo (1) 3- Ca s, Lam (*) ly gi. 4- Mi polycabonate, composite,... (*) Lam nhm, st, g, b tng c sn. - File tham kho (file nh km C10.2.1) - Hnh mi ly sng trt (file nh km C10.2.2)
Chng 10
Chng 10.3: TRIN KHAI BAN CNG (Tng t cho l gia)

u tin cc bn phi c phn Cu to sn ban cng, l gia (t trang 280 n trang 282) trong cun Nguyn l cu to kin trc
2
* Khi nim: + Ban cng: L phn sn (c th i ra) nh ra khi h kt cu (Dm sn) chnh. Do pha trn Ban cng s khng c sn chnh. Thng c t 2 n 3 mt l thin. + L gia: L phn sn (c th i ra) v khng nh ra khi h kt cu (Dm sn) chnh. Do pha trn l gia s c sn chnh. Thng ch c 1 mt l thin. - Chc nng (ban cng v l gia): Relax, ly sng, ly gi, thm m. - Mc ch: th (thu ph) thi cng phn ban cng, l gia. - Cng tc: V hnh chiu chi tit (lm r kch thc, lin kt cu to v vt liu cu kin). - Cc cu kin lin kt vi nhau u theo nguyn tc (chnh-ph) + Chnh: l cc kt cu chu lc chnh ca cng trnh nh: Dm chnh, ct chnh + Ph: l cc kt cu chu lc ph nh: Dm ph, ct ph. * Ly mt bng Ban cng t mt bng Xref: - M file chnh trin khai cc bi tp trc, copy MB xref c ban cng cn trin khai. - V hnh ch nht bao khu vc Ban cng (bo gc nu cn) - G XC-spacebar - Click vo mt bng Xref-spacebar - N-spacebar - S-spacebar - Chn hnh ch nht bao khu vc Ban cng. - Copy ra 1 bn v mt ct (trng hp MC gc khng ct qua ban cng hay ng ct cha ct qua v tr mong mun) - Bn kia scale (x2) trin khai t l 1/50. Scale (x4) trin khai t l 1/25. + V ng ct v hng nhn. + Dim chi tit. + Hatch gch. + Ghi ch code trong nh v ngoi ban cng, dc thot nc v phu thu v cc ghi ch khc.
Chng 10
* Ly mt ng Ban cng t mt ct Xref trin khai - Dim chi tit. - Ghi ch chi tit th thi cng xy th v thi cng hon thin. * Ly mt ct Ban cng t mt ct Xref trin khai - Copy mt ct Xref (mt ct dc v Chng 5) - V hnh ch nht bao khu vc Ban cng (bo gc nu cn) - G XC-spacebar - Click vo mt bng Xref-spacebar - N-spacebar - S-spacebar - Chn hnh ch nht bao khu vc Ban cng. - Dim cao cc cu kin. - Hatch cc i tng b ct. - Ghi ch cao v trch dn chi tit cn trin khai. (v d: lan can tay vn, pho ch,...) - Bc chi tit lan can tay vn. Tng t nh lan can tay vn (in hnh) ca cu thang. * V thm mt ct (nu 01 ng ct cha th hin ht cu to ban cng) + Quay mt bng theo hng nhn du ct hng ln. + Ly cao tng v tr Ban cng + V h kt cu dm sn + G XL-spacebar ging cc i tng bi ct v v + G XL-spacebar ging cc i tng ta thy v v. + V lan can tay vn (tham kho ca KTS) - Ty theo yu cu thit k m tay vn c th l: St, bng gang, inox, g, knh. Tuy nhin vn theo mi vi nguyn tc chung sau: + An ton. Cao lan can tay vn cao tng ng vi tng cao. - V d: Lu 1 lan can cao ti thiu 900. Lu 2: 1000. Lu 3: 1100. Lu 4: 1200, + Ph hp thm m vi tng th nh. + Hnh tham kho lan can tay vn (file nh km C10.3.1) - Trin khai lan can tay vn (file nh km C10.3.2) + Scale lan can tay vn (x4) trin khai t l 1/25. Scale (x5) trin khai t l 1/20. + Dim kch thc
Chng 10
+ Lm r chi tit lin kt vi Dm mi, sn ca Ban cng. + Ghi ch vt liu hon thin. * Tm tt cc thnh phn c trong cc hnh chiu chi tit ban cng: 1- H Dm ph (dm console, dm mi) - c lin kt vo h Dm chnh (ct chnh, ct ph) 2- Sn lt 3- Tng, ca. 4- Lan can tay vn - c lin kt vo ct; dm; sn; tng. 5- Phu thu nc - t m sn. 6- Gch p lt hon thin. File tham kho (file nh km C10.3.3)
Chng 10.4: TRIN KHAI VCH TRANG TR

u tin cc bn phi c phn Cu to Tng (t trang 37 n trang 68) trong cun Nguyn l cu to kin trc - Chc nng: Trang tr - Mc ch: th (thu ph) thi cng phn vch (tng) trang tr * Ly MB Vch trang tr t mt bng Xref c vch cn trin khai (nh cch ly MB ban cng chng 10.3) * Ly M Vch trang tr t mt ct Xref c vch cn trin khai (nh cch ly MC ban cng chng 10.3) hoc v mi bng cch ging t mt bng. - Dim kch thc. - Hatch vt liu hon thin. - Ghi ch vt liu hon thin. - V mt ct nu c lin kt cu to phc tp cn lm r. V d: vch c n ht tng. - Tuy nhin ty vo mc chi tit ca bn v. Thng thng chng ta ch lm r kch thc, vt liu hon thin v ghi ch (c bit) phn vch trang tr. - File tham kho (file nh km C10.4.1)
Ht Chng 10
Chng 10
H tr lm BT Chng 10
G- Li chung 1- Li thiu k hiu trc, dim trc 2- Li hatch phn BTCT. + T l 1/100 hatch solid. + T l 1/50 hatch mu BTCT (trong file KIEN TRUC.dwt) + T l 1/25; 1/20 phi v thm lp va. 3- Li thiu code cao , dim cao . 4- Li dim phn KC (ct, dm, sn) A- Cc li thng gp trong cng tc trin khai Mi 1- Li thiu ghi ch chi tit (hoc lin kt), kch thc chi tit (thiu thng tin thi cng) 2- Li khng tha dc hay dc khng hp l (nh bi hc). 3- Thiu k hiu dc trn MB B- Cc li thng gp trong cng tc trin khai Ban cng/l gia 1- Li thiu ghi ch chi tit (hoc lin kt), kch thc chi tit (thiu thng tin thi cng) 2- Li khng hatch gch v thiu k hiu cu to nn C- Cc li thng gp trong cng tc trin khai Vch trang tr 1- Li thiu ghi ch chi tit (hoc lin kt), kch thc chi tit (thiu thng tin thi cng) 2- Li v khng ng cu to hoc ca KTS Cu hi: Khi trin khai cc cng trnh sau, chng ta tn dng c nhng chi tit g hay l phi v li mi tt c? Tr li: Trong bn v trin khai Kin trc c 2 loi chi tit: 1- Chi tit ln: thay i (kch thc) theo tng cu kin. V d: Chi tit Thang, khu WC, Ban cng,... Cc chi tit ny khi trin khai cng trnh mi chng ta phi v li v ch tn dng c cc thng tin ghi ch, k hiu,... 2- Chi tit in hnh: l nhng chi tit khng thay i hoc thay i khng ng k (kch thc) theo tng cu kin. V d: lan can tay vn, (mi) bc thang, ngch ca WC, pho ch, len gch, ct trn v cc chi tit lin kt khc. Nhng chi tit ny ta c th tn dng hon ton lp ghp vo cc bn v khc. Do cng vic trin khai t hiu qu, ngi HVKT cn phi su tm cc chi tit in hnh ny (lu : phi chun ha Layer theo form ca mnh)
Chng 11
Mc ch chng:
+ Cc thnh phn c trong bn v trin khai Bc cp/ram dc, Cng tng ro v quy trnh trin khai. + Xc nh cc chi tit in hnh. + Kim tra k thut thot nc Mi.
Chng 11.1: TRIN KHAI BC CP RAM DC

u tin cc bn phi c phn Cu to nn/sn (t trang 158 n trang 198) trong cun Nguyn l cu to kin trc - Chc nng: Giao thng, thm m. - Mc ch: th (thu ph) thi cng phn bc cp. - Cng tc: V hnh chiu chi tit (lm r kch thc, lin kt cu to v vt liu cu kin). Tm thi chng ta phn ra 2 loi bc cp: - Loi 1 (<= 3 bc): ta BT lt (BT 4x6) v xy gch inh to bc. p lt hon thin. - Loi 2 (> 3 bc): tng t nh Thang. * Ly mt bng Bc cp t mt bng Xref: - M file chnh trin khai cc bi tp trc, copy MB xref c bc cp cn trin khai. - V hnh ch nht bao khu vc Bc cp (bo gc nu cn) - G XC-spacebar - Click vo mt bng Xref-spacebar - N-spacebar - S-spacebar - Chn hnh ch nht bao khu vc Bc cp - Copy ra 1 bn v mt ct. - Bn kia scale (x2) trin khai t l 1/50. Scale (x4) trin khai t l 1/25. + V ng ct v hng nhn. + Dim mt bc cp v nh v (so vi trc) + Hatch mt bc v nh s (tt c) bc cp. + Ghi ch nn, code cao (trn di), vt liu hon thin.
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Chng 11
* Ly mt ct Bc cp t mt ct Xref: cch lm tng t nh ly MC ban cng hng dn chng trc. * V mi mt ct Bc cp - Bc cp loi 1: Dng th vin chi tit in hnh (xem file nh km C11.1.1) - Bc cp loi 2: Trin khai nh cu thang * Lu : + Thng thng code di l sn, code trn l snh (tng trt) + Dm chn bc cp t trn lp BT lt (BT 4x6, dy 100). + Dm trn bc cp l Dm ph (hoc king) + Bng bc cp (thn bc cp) u di lin kt vi Dm chn bc cp, u trn lin kt vi Dm ph (hoc king) + Dm limong l Dm chy dc thn bc cp (nu chiu ngang bc cp ln hn 3m) - tham kho thm kin KS. + y ta ch v MB, MC bc cp (khng v M bc cp) - File tham kho bc cp loi 1 (file nh km C11.1.1)
Ram dc
- Ram dc thng thy cc dng nh c tng Hm (bn hm). Ram dc thng xut pht t tng hm v kt thc l sn ng. Nn khi thit k Ram dc thng c h thng mng h thu nc. Ty vo dc v din tch ram m ta thit k mng thu nc u di hoc c 2 u (trn v di) - Lu : cc Ram dc garage ta khng bc chi tit. - Cu to ram dc l cu to dng lp nh sn BTCT. Do ta trin khai ram dc tng t Thang, ch khc l ram dc khng xy gch to bc. - i vi cng trnh cng cng ta thng thy ram dc c lan can. Nhng i vi nh dn dng ram dc ch c con ln hoc tng chn nc. - Mt ram dc ta thng thy k ron m. Mc ch l dn nc ra bin v tng ma st chng trn trt. - Do cu to ram dc l cu to BTCT nn phn MC ram ta c th dn ngi c sang BVKC. - File tham kho (file nh km C11.1.2)
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Chng 11
Chng 11.2: TRIN KHAI CNG TNG RO

u tin cc bn phi n li phn Cu to Ca (t trang 112 n trang 157) v Cu to Tng (t trang 37 n trang 68) trong cun Nguyn l cu to kin trc
- Chc nng: Ngn cch ng, bo v. - Mc ch: th (thu ph) thi cng phn cng tng ro - Cng tc: Lm r kch thc, lin kt cu to v vt liu cu kin) - Kt cu chnh: king. - Tng c xy trn king. - Ca cng c lin kt vo st (ch) ca ct cng. - Vic cn li l chng ta v MB, M, MC cng v tng ro trch on. * Ly mt bng Cng tng ro t mt bng Xref: - M file chnh trin khai cc bi tp trc, copy MB xref c cng tng ro cn trin khai. - V hnh ch nht bao khu vc Cng tng ro (bo gc nu cn) - G XC-spacebar - Click vo mt bng Xref-spacebar - N-spacebar - S-spacebar - Chn hnh ch nht bao khu vc Cng tng ro - Copy ra 1 bn v mt ct (A) - Bn kia scale (x2) trin khai t l 1/50. Scale (x4) trin khai t l 1/25. + V ng ct v hng nhn. + Dim chi tit Cng tng ro. + Hatch i tng cn lm r vt liu hon thin. + Ghi ch code cao , chi tit lin kt, vt liu hon thin. * V mt ct Cng tng ro (dng mt bng A v mt ct) + Quay mt bng theo hng nhn du ct hng ln. + Ly cao nn v tr Cng tng ro. + V h kt cu dm chn tng ro.
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Chng 11
+ G XL-spacebar ging cc i tng bi ct v v (*) + G XL-spacebar ging cc i tng ta thy v v. + Dim cao cc cu kin. + Hatch cc i tng b ct. + Ghi ch cao v vt liu hon thin. + Bc chi tit cc cu kin cn lm r hn na (v d: mi u ca cng, lam st, hp n,...) - File tham kho (file nh km C11.2.1)
Chng 11.3: CHI TIT IN HNH

Chi tit in hnh
L nhng chi tit m ta c th tn dng cho cc cng trnh khc nhau nh: - Chi tit lin kt ni chung. V d: chi tit lin kt st vo BTCT, G vo st, Knh vo nhm,... - Chi tit s n. - Chi tit pho ch, ron. - Chi tit lan can tay vn. - Chi tit mi bc thang, tam cp. - Chi tit ngch ca i, ngch ca WC lch code. - Chi tit len tm ng. - Chi tit mt lavabo m. - Mng thot nc ram dc tng hm. - Chi tit ca. - Chi tit len chn tng. - Chi tit cu to thang my. ----S n - Mi bng Ngi trin khai khng nn xem bn v TKSB chun v KTS rt thng hay b qua hoc binh cha ti phn thot nc mi. Do HVKT cn bit thm 1 s kin thc v phn k thut CTN trin khai v th hin MB mi cho ng. - Mi bng BTCT thng thng l sn dng nh dc v s n (sn lt) cn c trng hp Mi bng BTCT dng sn lt ton b. Lc ny chng ta phi chng thm k v mi lc ny nh 1 mng nc ln rt d thm nu phng n thot nc khng tha: ng knh ng, s lng ng hoc dc thot nc. Cn kim tra: - Xem phng n thot nc mi, nh v hp gen cc tng di. T nh v cu chn rc v nh dc v vi dc thng thng i=2%
Chng 11
- Tuy nhin c 1 trng hp v yu cu ca kin trc m chng ta s khng dng hp gen bao che ng ng TNM. l trng hp ta phi i ng xuyn dm (dm console) v nm trong tng 200 bn di (cch ny ta phi t ng ch sn khi BT dm) ==> Th hin li MB Mi cho ng, vic ny l rt quan trng v s nh hng n b phn trin khai CTN cng nh tc ng ca mi trng i vi cng trnh, c bit l phn chng thm. - Chi tit s n mc ch chnh l din gii cc lp cu to th thi cng. Do vi cc loi nh ph (mi bng) thng thng ta c th khng cn bc chi tit. i vi cc loi nh bit th (mi ngi), s n m th ta phi bc chi tit. - File tham kho cc chi tit in hnh (file nh km C11.3)
Ht chng 11
Chng 12
Mc ch chng:
+ Tm tt cng vic trin khai. + Cch to Form ring. + Cch to ti liu lm vic v nghin cu. + Cch b cc bn v v in n. Hc n chng ny th c bn cc bn c sn phm l h s thit k k thut thi cng trn my (file mm), nhng cha phi l sn phm cui cng. Sn phm cui cng chnh l h s c in ra giy (file cng) m cc bn s c hc Chng 12 ny.
Tm tt quy trnh trin khai.

1- Nhn file thit k s b ca KTS gm: MB, M v MC (nu c), hnh phi cnh (nu c), kch thc ca v 1 s thng tin u vo khc. 2- Xc nh kh giy, thng thng l A3, ly khung tn ca n v mnh i chiu vi khung A3 trong file KIEN TRUC.dwt sao cho trng khp (nu khng ta dng lnh AL vi tham s Y - Xem chng 12.2). - B tr MB vo khung, lc ny khi in ra giy ta c bn v t l 1/100. Nhng nu: + MB ln hn khung tn th ta xem xt ct MB hoc chn kh giy ln hn (A2). Trng hp ny t gp i vi nh dn dng. + MB nh hn khung tn th ta scale khung (0.9, 0.8, 0.75,...) lc ny bn v s tng ng vi t l (1/90, 1/80, 1/75,...) ch khng cn l 1/100 na. Nhng ta vn ghi l bn v t l 1/100. Lc ny ta gi bn v ny l "phi t l". Vi cch lm ny th bn v khi in ra s trng to v r hn bn v ng t l 1/100. + Lc ny chng ta s da trn file KIEN TRUC.dwt iu chnh: text dim, k hiu, text ghi ch, khong cch 3 ln dim,... * V d ta scale t l 1/75 th chiu cao text dim = 180 x 75/100 = 135 (c th ly 140) * V d ta scale t l 1/80 th chiu cao text dim = 180 x 80/100 = 144 (c th ly 150) * Tng t ta c th chn khong cch 3 ln dim l 600-400-400 - Sau khi lm cng tc ny th chng ta c khung tn v b form dng cho cng trnh hin ti. Ta s lu thnh file .dwt s dng cho ln sau. (Bc 2 ny c b qua Chng 4 v cp ngay cc bn s b ri) 3- K tip chng ta lm theo quy trnh t Chng 4 n Chng 11.
Chng 12
Chng 12.1: B CC BN V
B cc v kim tra c bn v ta phi c c bn v (xem chng 3.3) B cc bn v hay cn gi l sp xp bn v vo khung sao cho hp l. Mc ch l ngi c d hiu. Mt s quy tc khi b cc bn v - y nhng thng tin lin quan. Nu khng, phi c trch dn n bn v khc. - Cc bn v phi ng b (kch thc ch, font ch, chiu cao dim, cc ghi ch, k hiu) - B cc phi cht ch, khng c c nhiu khong trng (hnh chim t 70~80% giy). Ta b tr hnh trc, text sau. - Ta c th xoay hnh v ngang hoc ng b tr vo khung, nhng ch khng xoay. - Lu : Khng nn trch dn lng chi tit ca chi tit sang bn v khc. Nh th s gy kh khn cho ngi c bn v. 1- Cc bn v MB chi tit. - C th b tr 1 hoc 2 MB vo 1 khung (ty vo kch thc cng trnh v t l ta mun th hin nh ni bi trn) - y c 1 mo nh cho bn v khi trng l ta scale khung hnh phi t l (nh trnh by phn trn). Ngoi ra, nu vn khung ng t l 1/100 th bn v s b trng v cc ha vin khc thng thng s bc chi tit cc hp gen phng t l 1/50 t vo. Tuy nhin Hip t dng cch ny v hp gen nhn vo MB kch thc t l 1/100 l thi cng ri. 2- Cc bn v MB ni tht, ca. - C th b tr 1 hoc 2 MB vo 1 khung (ty vo kch thc cng trnh v t l ta mun th hin) 3- Cc bn v M - C th b tr 1 hoc 2 M vo 1 khung (ty vo kch thc cng trnh v t l ta mun th hin) - Sau khi b tr M vo tng i vo khung ta b tr tip ghi ch VLHT. - Nu cn khong trng ta c th b tr thm chi tit pho ch, ron tng,... 4- Cc bn v MC - C th b tr 1 hoc 2 MC vo 1 khung (ty vo kch thc cng trnh v t l ta mun th hin) - Nu cn khong trng ta c th b tr thm phn din gii cu to nn, chi tit s n, pho ch. 5- Bn v chi tit Thang - B tr theo th t (v c gng vo 1 khung): + MB, MC, chi tit mi bc. + Chi tit lan can, chi tit lin kt (can can-tay vn, lan can-thang)
Chng 12
+ Ghi ch vt liu, cu to nn, thuyt minh cao thang. 6- Bn v chi tit WC - B tr theo th t (v c gng vo 1 khung): + MB, MC + Cc chi tit c bit nh: len vch tm ng, ngch ca,... + Ghi ch vt liu 7- Bn v chi tit Ca - Nu cng trnh nh t ca th b tr ca i v ca s vo 1 khung. - Nu cng trnh nhiu ca th ca i 1 khung, ca s 1 khung - B tr ln lt ca i t ln n nh (cha k khung) - Sau khi b tr tt c ca i vo ta move iu chnh v tr tng i cc ca v k khung - Din gii tng ca: Tn (k hiu ca), s lng, kiu (m, trt,...), chng loi/vt liu, v tr. - Tng t cho ca s. 8- Bn v chi tit Ban cng, chi tit Vch trang tr, mi ly sng, cng, tng ro, bc cp, ram dc, s n,... - C th b tr ring 1 chi tit 1 khung hoc nhiu chi tit vo 1 khung (ty vo s lng chi tit v t l chi tit ta mun th hin) - mi chi tit ta c th ly thm chi tit lp y khong trng. V d: + Ban cng ta c th ly thm chi tit ngch ca, pho ch, ron tng b tr lp y khong trng. + Vch trang tr ta c th ly thm chi tit ron tng, hc phc tp c gn n,... + Mi ly sng ta c th ly thm chi tit lam ly gi, chi tit chng thm, chi tit lin kt,... + Cng tng ro ngoi MB, M i khi ta cn v thm MC th hin ht cu to hoc ta c th ly thm chi tit hp n, chi tit ray trt,... + Bc cp ta c th ly thm chi tit mi bc, rnh chng trt. + Ram dc ta c th ly thm chi tit chng thm, rnh m, mng thu nc, np mng, lan can. 9- Bn v MB lt gch - Ngoi bn v ta c th chi ch thm: chng loi gch, nh cung cp,... 10- Bn v MB trn - C th b tr thm MC trn qua cc v tr phc tp cn lm r. Vn b cc bn v v cc chi tit lp y khong trng ch mang tnh cht tng i cho tng n v khc nhau. V d: khi nhn thit k gi thp th ta khng th trin khai qu chi tit v ngc li.
Chng 12
Cn 1 mo bn v khng trng v p l scale khung nh li mc cho php. V d: 0.9, 0.85, 0.8, 0.75. Khi ta s c bn v t l tng ng l: 1/90, 1/85, 1/80, 1/75 (khng cn l t l 1/100). Lc ny ta phi iu chnh tng nt ln 1 cht (xem chng 12.2)
Mt s quy tc kim tra bn v.

- Kim nhng li khng khp ( nhau) ca cc bn v. Li ny thng mc phi do cc b mn KT, KC, N phi hp khng tt (Sai kch thc cu kin, code cao , vt liu cu kin). V d: + Kch thc sn WC thay i --> B phn KC khng update kp thi s nh hng rt ln n cng trnh. + Ni tht b tr theo phong thy --> B phn ME khng update kp thi cc thit b in s khng khp vi dng in! + Thng k Ca sai --> khi lng D ton sai theo. - Kim nhng thiu st i tng, nt, ghi ch, chuyn ch. V d: + Nt lch code v tr ca + K hiu chuyn ch b sai a ch. + Sai cc thng tin ti khung tn nh: Tn ch u t, cng trnh a im, s (k hiu bn v), ngy thng pht hnh h s,... Lu : Nu cc bn hc lp ny th cc li thng gp nh trn s khng d mc phi.
Chng 12.2: Cch to form ring nh file KIEN TRUC.dwt

Bao gm: - HATCH: nn dng theo file KIEN TRUC.dwt - DIMSTYLE (file nh km C12.2.2) - LAYER NT V (file nh km C12.2.1) - K HIU: Mi n v c 1 form k hiu ring nhng c bn l tng t file KIEN TRUC.dwt - KHUNG BN V: nh file KIEN TRUC.dwt l khung mc nh t l 1/100. - FONT CH, C CH: nn dng theo file KIEN TRUC.dwt
Chng 12
Chng 12.3: IN N
In theo layer (nt in c nh sn trong bng layer properties manager)
Ngoi ra ta c th nh nt trc tip trong qu trnh v (lc ny nt c nh trc tip s khng theo bng Layer properties hay ni cch khc vic nh trc tip c hiu lc hn) In theo mu ( khi nhm ln(*), ta chn lineweight=default trong bng layer) (*): Vic chn hay khng chn lineweight s khng c tc dng khi ta nh nt trc tip trong bng lnh in.
Chng 12
Thng s lnh in
1- Chn my in. 2- Chn kh giy. 3- Chn vng in (cch in) 4- T l in, canh l (Fit to paper in phi t l) 5- Hng kh giy (ng, ngang) 6- M bng nh nt in. 7- Chn mu cho nt (in trng en th ta chn black) 8- m ca nt. 9- nh nt in. a- In theo layer, chn l use object lineweight. b- In theo mu, chn mu v chn nt tng ng. 10- Lu thnh file (.ctb) sau ny s dng li hoc em ra tim in. 11- Lu thit lp p dng cho lnh in tip theo trong cng 1 file (khi ta nhn lnh in tip theo th khng cn thit lp li)
Chng 12
Chng 12.4: T TO TI LIU

1- Su tm cc file trin khai nghin cu (file nh km C12.4.1) 2- Su tm cc file nh ni ngoi tht cng trnh nghin cu (file nh km C12.4.2) 3- To file tng trin khai lm vic (file nh km C12.4.3) 4- Su tm cc loi VLXD (file nh km C12.4.4)
Chng 12.5: TNG KT KHA HC HVKT T XA

* Nhim v ca cc bn by gi l phi vn dng kin thc trong gio trnh ny lm bi tp nh. H thng bi tp gm 4 . Cc bn hon thnh 2 th c th xung ni v d nhin l Hip s cung cp cho cc bn tt c nhng ti liu m Hip c nh: Gio trnh thc hnh trin khai kt cu BTCT, Gio trnh thc hnh trin khai in nc dn dng. B th vin Revit thng dng 120MB,... * Sau khi hon tt bi thc hnh, cc bn c trong tay ngh HVKT. Tuy nhin chng ta cn phi thng xuyn trao di 4 k nng (trn s gc trn phi ca din n) 1- K nng s dng phn mm: n li cc kin thc hc v thc hnh cc lnh hc sao cho thnh tho. 2- K nng am hiu cu to: i thc t cng trng, tip xc vi nhiu KTS, KS, th thi cng, ca hng VLXD. 3- K nng qun l chnh sa h s tt (y chnh l du cng mu trn s ): lm c vic ny chng ta phi phi hp nhp nhng gia kin thc phn mm v kin thc v cu to kin trc. Bng cch lm nhiu bi tp hoc cng trnh thc t. 4- K nng x l tnh hung, kim sot tin v cht lng (y chnh l du mi tn mu trn s ): lm c vic ny chng ta phi lm nhiu loi cng trnh khc nhau v tip xc lm vic vi nhiu KTS khc nhau.
Ht Chng 12
Chng 12
Vi mong mun: 1- Xy dng i ng Ha vin chuyn nghip trn ton quc. 2- p ng nhu cu hc ngh Ha vin cho cc i tng khng c iu kin n cc Trung tm nh: Tui tc, Kinh t, Thi gian, V tr a l. 3- Nng cao cht lng dy ngh HVKT t xa. Rt mong cc bn hc vin ng gp v pht biu cm ngh trong qu trnh hc ti y: http://hoavienkientruc.com.vn/forum-68.html

Giao Trinh Day Nghe HVKT Tu Xa Tron Bo 12 Chuong-Update 092013

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Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa

Chng 1.1: CC KHI NIM C BN

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Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa

Chng 1.2: LNH TT

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Nu s dng Win XP th click vo mi tn ly ng dn n th mc Support

Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa

- Chp file acad.pgp

- Nu s dng Win 7 th click vo ng dn Ctrl+C v paste vo trnh duyt explorer n th mc Support

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- Chp file acad.pgp

- lnh tt c hiu lc ta g REINIT-spacebar

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Chng 1.3: CC LNH TO HNH & HIU CHNH

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Chng 1.4: CC LNH BIN I V SAO CHP

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Chng 1.5: CC LNH O KCH THC

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+ G DAN-spacebar + Click chn ln lt c nh th 1, c nh th 2 + R chut ra mn hnh click.

Chng 1.6: CC LNH N/HIN LAYER

Chng 1.7: CC LNH KHC

Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa

Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa

Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa

Chng 2.1: Set thng s Option

- Chuyn hnh nn th Layout v block editor sang mu en nh th Model.

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- Set t ng lu sau 1 pht. Sau ny cc bn v nhanh th 1 pht lm vic rt qu.

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Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa

Chng 2.2: Cc mu t vt liu (Hatch)

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Cch thm mu hatch vo my ca mnh

- S dng cc mu hatch c thm vo

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Chng 2.3: Cc th vin Block 2D

Chng 2.4: Layer - T l

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Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa

Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa

Chng 2.5: Cc k hiu c trong bn v kin trc

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Mo v Cad nhanh tng hp

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- C th hatch min h vi khong h c nh y

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Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa

Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa

Chng 3.1: 21 B PHN CHNH CA NH

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Chng 3.2: M T BNG M T NG MT CT

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Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa

Phi cnh minh ha

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Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa

Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa

Chng 3.3: CCH C BN V

Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa

- Do cng c th ni: HVKT l ngi (ngh) v cho mi ngi c.

Gio trnh dy ngh Ha vin kin trc t xa