Rural Geography (Ch.14 pp.

199-201)

Von Thunens Agricultural Land Use Model:

1. Isolated state

2. Single market at center

3. Market price, p, same for all producers of a given crop 4. Featureless plain

5. Yield per unit acre same everywhere

6. Transportation costs are proportional to distance and invariant to direction

7. Farmers maximize profits

Rural Geography (Ch.14 pp. 199-201)

Symbolic model: LR = Y (p-c) - Ytd
Yield Price Cost Transport Wheat (p) Wheat (p') Wheat (p") 100 100 100 10 12 20 5 5 5 0.20 0.20 0.20

1600 1400 1200 1000 Wheat (p) Wheat (p') Wheat (p")

Rent

800 600 400 200 0

12

18

24

Distance to Market

30

36

42

48

54

60

66

72

Rural Geography (Ch.14 pp. 199-201)

Yield Price Cost Transport
600

Wheat 100 10 5 0.20

Barley 100 8 4 0.08

Oats 100 6 3 0.02

Featureless Plain

8.3 150.0

500

400

Wheat Barley Oats

16.7

Rent

300

200

150 145 140 135 130 125 120 115 110 105 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65
100 0

150 145 140 135 130 125 120 115 110 105 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
Distance to Market

Urban Geography: Urbanization and Location Urbanization in the 1990s

Urban population as a percent of total population (Fig. 18.6)

low-levels in Sub-Saharan Africa Variation in urbanization in Southwest Asia/North Africa

Low urbanization in South Asia

Singapore 100 percent urban Pacific Rim: only Japan, S. Korea, and Taiwan are highly urbanized.

Urban Geography: Urbanization and Location

Urban Geography: Urbanization and Location Urbanization in the 1990s

Distribution of Great World Cities (Fig. 18.7)

Western Europe, N. America, E. Asia Regional megalopolis in S. Florida

Urban complex in Germanys Ruhr-Rhine zone

Randstad in Netherlands megalopolitan development in Japan.

Urban Geography: Urbanization and Location

Urban Geography: Urbanization and Location Urbanization in the 1990s

Megacities
Many of largest cities in poorer countries By 2025, 15 cities with more than 20 million.

Stand alone cities in developing countries

Conurbations in developed countries By 2025 New York will no longer be among the worlds 10 largest cities. Fast growing cities in Asia, Africa, and South America