cfly{s ;j]{If0f

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&)

g]kfn ;/sf/
cy{ dGqfno
@)&)

k|fSsyg
;+ljwfg;efsf] lj36gkl5 d'n'ssf] /fhgLlts kl/b[Zodf b]vfk/]sf] clglZrttfsf] c;/
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] jh]6df ;d]t b]vfkof] . /fhgLlts ;demfbf/Lsf] cefjn] ubf{
o; cfly{s jif{sf] k"0f{ jh]6 cfly{s jif{sf] ;'df cfpg ;s]g / bf];|f] r}dfl;ssf]
cGTodf /fhlglts bnx aLr ;xdlt sfod ePkl5 u7g ePsf] ;/sf/n] @)^( r}q
@& ut] dfq k"0f{ jh]6 k]z uof] . ;dodf k"0f{ jh]6 cfpg g;s]sf]n] o;jf6 ;/sf/n]
;~rfng ug]{ ljsf; lgdf{0f tyf ;]jf k|jfxdf kg]{ c;/ sd ug]{ tkm{ ;/sf/ ;b}j ;r]t
/lx /Xof] . o; cjlwdf /fhgLlts cl:y/tfsf sf/0fn] cfly{s ljsf;sf] cleofg tyf
cfd hgtfsf] hghLljsf;Fu k|ToIf ;/f]sf/ /fVg] ljifox cf]]ndf kg{ glbg ;a}
/fhgLlts bnx aLr ;dbf/L sfod u/L cufl8 a9\g' kg{] cfjZostf 68\sf/f] kdf
dxz'; ulPsf]] 5 . o:tf] ;dbf/L sfod ePdf bL3{sfnLg of]hgf tyf gLltsf
dfWodaf6 pknAw ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] ;d'lrt Joj:yfkg / pkof]u u/L d'n'ssf] cfly{s
;Dj[l4 xfl;n ug{ / hgtfsf cfjZostf tyf cfsf+Iff k"/f ug{ ;Dej x'g]5 .
;+ljwfg;efsf] cfufdL lgjf{rgaf6 /fhgLlts cl:y/tf x6\g] / d'n'sdf /fhgLlts
:yfloTj sfod eO{ pknJw ;|f]t / ;fwgxnfO{ k"0f{kdf pkof]u u/L cfly{s j[l4b/nfO{
tLa| kfb}{ cfd hgtfsf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ cfpg] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .
/fHon] ljut jif{xb]lv cy{tGqsf dxTjk"0f{ If]qxdf cjnDjg u/]sf gLlt / ;~rfng
u/]sf sfo{qmdxsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 xfl;n ePsf pknlAwxsf] ljZn]if0ffTds ;dLIff
u/L cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] cfly{s ;j]{If0f tof/ kfl/Psf] 5 . ljleGg lgsfojf6
;~rfng ul/Psf Pp6} If]qsf sfo{qmdxnfO{ ;Dej eP;Dd ;DalGwt If]qdf g} ;d]6g]
k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . ljut jif{xsf] tYof+sxnfO{ cWofjlws u/L l8lh6nkdf l;8Ldf
/fvLPsf] 5 .
k|:t't cfly{s ;j]{If0f d'n'ssf] cfly{s ultljlwk|lt clelr /fVg] ;Dk"0f{ a'l4hLjL,
cg';Gwfgstf{, lzIfs, ljBfyL{, pBf]uL, Joj;foL tyf ;j{;fwf/0fsf nflu pkof]uL ;|f]tsf
kdf /xg] 5 eGg] k"0f{ ljZjf; lnPsf] 5' .
cGTodf, cfly{s ;j]{If0f tof/ ug]{ sfo{df ;+nUg cy{ dGqfnosf kbflwsf/Lx, ljz]iftM
cfly{s gLlt ljZn]if0f dxfzfvfsf ;fy} o; sfo{sf] lglDt cfjZos tYof, ;"rgf Pj+
ljj/0f pknJw u/fO{ ;xof]u k'ofpg] ljleGg dGqfno, ljefu tyf cGo lgsfoxnfO{
wGojfb lbg rfxG5' .
c;f/, @)&)
z+s/k|;fb sf]O/fnf
cy{dGqL

ljifo ;"lr
k|fSsyg
d~h'iff ;"rL
tflnsf ;"rL
rf6{ ;"rL
5f]6s/L k -Abbreviations_
sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z
;dli6ut cfly{s kl/;"rsx
cy{tGqsf k|d'v r'gf}tLx
!= ;du| cfly{s l:ylt
@= ;/sf/L ljQ
#= d"No tyf cfk"lt{
$= d'b|f tyf a}+ls
%= k'hL ahf/ tyf aLdf
^= afx\o If]q
&= ul/aL lgjf/0f / /f]huf/L
*= s[[lif tyf jg
(= pBf]u If]q
!)= ef}lts k"jf{wf/
!!= oftfoft tyf ;~rf/
!@= ;'zf;g, zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f
!#= ;fdflhs If]q
!$= ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfg tyf lghLs/0f

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d~h'iff ;"rL
d~h"iff $ -s_ M df}lb|s gLltsf d'Vo kl/;"rsx / ltgsf] cj:yf
d~h"iff (-s_ M Jofkf/ lj:tf/sf nflu kxn ul/Psf d'Vo k|of;x
d~h"iff (-v_ M ko{6g If]qsf] d'Vo pknlAwx

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tflnsf ;"rL
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
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tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf
tflnsf

! -s_ M Ps bzssf] cfly{s j[l4

! -v_ M ljZjsf] cfly{s j[l4b/
! -u_ M l5d]sL d'n'sxsf] cfly{s j[l4b/
! -3_ M pkef]Qmf d"Nodf cfwfl/t ljZjsf] d'b|f:kmLlt b/
! -_ M pkef]Qmf d"Nodf cfwfl/t l5d]sL d'n'sxsf] d'b|f:kmLlt b/
! -r_ M s'n oyfy{ ufx{:y dfu
! -5_ M ljZj Jofkf/sf] l:ylt
@ -s_ M ;/sf/L ljQ / s'n ufx{:y pTkfbg;Fu ltgsf] cg'kft -k|ltztdf_
@ -v_ M ;/sf/L vr{sf] ljj/0f
@ -u_ M k'FhLut vr{sf] ;]jf tyf sfo{ut ljj/0f
@ -3_ M rfn' vr{sf] ;]jf tyf sfo{ut ljj/0f
@ -_ M ;/sf/L cfosf] ljj/0f
@ -r_ M /fh:j cfDbfgLsf] ljj/0f
@ -5_ M ah]6 3f6f / 3f6f k"lt{sf] ljj/0f
@ -h_ M :yfgLo lgsfosf]] vr{ tyf cfo*
@ -em_M k'FhLut tyf rfn' cg'bfgsf] ljj/0f
# -s_ M pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsfdf cfwfl/t jflif{s ljGb'ut d'b|f:kmLltb/
# -v_ M ljGb'ut /fli6o pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsfdf ePsf] kl/jt{g
# -u_ M /fli6o yf]sd"No ;"rsfsf] jflif{s ljGb'ut kl/jt{g
# -3_ M /fli6o Hofnfb/ ;"rsfsf] jflif{s ljGb'ut kl/jt{g
# -_ M s]xL k|d'v j:t'xsf] ;/b/ v'b|f ahf/ d"No
# -r_ M cGt/f{li6o ahf/df t]n tyf ;'gsf] d"No
# -5_ M s]xL k|d'v k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] cfk"lt{ l:ylt
$ -s_ M a}+sb/, k'gs{hf{b/ / clgjfo{ gub cg'kft
$ -v_ M d'b|f k|bfodf k|efj kfg]{ sf/sx
$ -u_ M ;l~rt d'b|fdf ePsf] kl/jt{g
$ -3_ M v'nf ahf/ sf/f]jf/ l:ylt
$ -_ M (!lbg] 6]h/L ljN; / cGt/a}+s Aofhb/
$ -r_ M a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] ;+Vof
$ -5_ M a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf s]xL k|d'v kl/;"rsx
$ -h_ M a}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf zfvfx
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tflnsf
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$ -em_ M ljQLo kx'Fr

$ -`_ M ljQLo lj:tf/ tyf k|uf9tfsf s]xL kl/;"rsx
$ -6_ M lgIf]]k kl/rfng tyf shf{ k|afx
$ -7_ M lgis[o shf{
$ -8_ M n3'ljQ ;+:yfxsf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t tyf pkof]usf] ljj/0f
$ -9_ M u|fdL0f :jfanDag sf]ifsf] k|ult ljj/0f
$ -0f_ M art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfxsf] ultljlwsf] emns
$ -t_ M efvf gf3]sf] shf{ tyf k'FhLsf]if
% -s_ M k|fylds ahf/ k|j[lt
% -v_ M bf];|f] ahf/ k|j[lQ
% -u_ M hLjg tyf lghL{jg aLdf sDkgLxsf] ;|f]t tyf pkof]usf] ljj/0f
% -3_ M hLjg tyf lghL{jg aLdf sDkgLxsf] aLdfz'Ns tyf nufgL ljj/0f
^ -s_ M cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/ l:ylt
^ -v_ M ljk|]if0f cfo
^ -u_ M s'n ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt
^ -3_ M ljb]zL ljlgdo k|j[lQ
& -s_ M ul/aLsf] kl/df0ffTds ;"rs
& -v_ M ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]ifaf6 ;fd'bflos ;+:yfxnfO{ uPsf] cg'bfg ljj/0f
& -u_ M cf=j= @)^(&) df b]zut j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] l:ylt
* -s_ M vfBfGg afnL nufPsf] If]qkmn / pTkfbgsf] ljj/0f
* -v_ M cf=j= @)^(&) sf] gub] afnLxsf] pTkfbgsf] k|f/lDes l:ylt
* -u_ M cf=j= @)^(&) sf] cf}Bf]lus afnLxsf] pTkfbgsf] k|f/lDes l:ylt
* -3_ M cf=j= @)^(&) sf] d;nf afnLxsf] pTkfbgsf] k|f/lDes l:ylt
* -_ M kz'k+IfLsf] ;+Vofsf] ljj/0f
* -r_ M kz'k+IfLhGo pTkfbgsf] l:ylt
* -5_ M s[lif pTkfbg;Fu ;DalGwt ;fwgxsf] cfk"lt{sf] l:ylt
* -h_ M k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 k|efljt If]qkmn
* -em_ M /f;folgs dnsf] ljlqmljt/0f l:ylt
* -`_ M yk l;+rfO{ lj:tf/
* -6_ M jfl0fHo a}+sxn] k|jfx u/]sf] s[lif shf{sf] l:ylt
* -7_ M ;fgf ls;fg ljsf; a}+s lnld6]8sf] C0f tyf nufgLsf] l:ylt
* -8_ M ut bz jif{sf] ;|f]t aLp pTkfbg tyf afnLsf] hft pGdf]rg ljj/0f
* -9_ M ;xsf/L tyf ltgsf] ;b:o ;+Vof, k'FhL, nufgL tyf artsf] k|j[lQ
iii

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Tfflnsf
tflnsf
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* -0f_ M ;~rfngdf /x]sf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx ;DaGwL ljj/0f

* -t_ M jg ;|f]t tYof
* -y_ M jg;DaGwL pknlAwxsf] t'ngfTds ljj/0f
( -s_ M ;~rfngsf nflu :jLs[lt lbOPsf pBf]ux
( -v_ M kl/of]hgf nfutsf cfwf/df ;~rfngsf nflu :jLs[lt lbOPsf pBf]ux
( -u_ M ljb]zL nufgLsfnflu :jLs[lt lbOPsf pBf]ux
( -3_ M ljb]zL nufgLsf nflu :jLs[lt lbOPsf pBf]ux
( -_ M kl/of]hgf nfutsf cfwf/df j}b]lzs nufgLsf nflu :jLs[lt lbOPsf pBf]ux
( -r_ M ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfnosf] pknlAwx
!) -s_M sfo{qmd / cfof]hgf cGtu{t lgdf{0f ePsf k"jf{wf/ If]qsf] ljj/0f :ylt
!) -v_ M phf{ vktsf] l:ylt
!) -u_ M ljB't dfu, vkt, pTkfbg Pj+ ef}lts ;+/rgf
!) -3_ M k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] vkt ljj/0f
!) -_ M g]kfndf j}slNks pmhf{sf] cj:yf
!! -s_ M ljut tLg jif{sf] jflif{s k|ult
!! -v_ M ;8s ljefuaf6 agfOPsf ;8s ;'ljwfsf] lj:tf/
!! -u_ M :yfgLo lgsfoaf6 agfOPsf ;8s ;'ljwfsf] lj:tf/
!! -3_ M ;jf/L ;fwgxsf] ;+Vof
!! -_ M gful/s p8\8og ;DaGwL ljj/0f
!! -r_ M ljut tLg cfly{s jif{sf] tYofsf] t'ngfTds l:ylt
!! -5_ M x'nfs ;]jf ljefu cGtu{tsf sfof{noxsf] ;+Vof
!! -h_ M ljut tLg cfly{s jif{xsf] t'ngfTds tYofLo ljlj/0f
!! -em_ M ;]jfk|bfos cg';f/ ljtl/t s'n 6]lnkmf]g ;+Vof
!! -`_ M ;'rgf ljefuaf6 ;Dkflbt sfo{sf] t'nGffTds tYofLo l:Yflt
!! -6_ M ljleGg lhNnfxdf btf{ ePsf kqklqsfxsf] ljj/0f
!! -7_ M efiffut kdf btf{ ePsf kqklqsfsf] ljj/0f
!@ -s_ M /fxt, cfly{s ;xfotf, k'glg{df{0f, k'g:yfkgf, ;]gf ;dfof]hg ;DaGwL emns
!# -s_ M z}lIfs ;"rsdf cfwfl/t pknlAwx -k|ltzt_
!# -v_ M ljBfnosf] Joj:yfkg ;d'bfodf x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] ljj/0f
!# -u_ M k"j{k|fylds lzIffdf #$ jif{ ;d"x / s'n egf{ tyf pknlAw
!# -3_ M ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t afnljsf; s]Gb|xsf] k|ult ljj/0f
!# -_ M ljBfnosf 5fq5fqfxnfO{ pknAw 5fqj[lQ;DaGwL k|ult ljj/0f
!# -r_ M z}lIfs hgzlQm s]Gb| cGtu{t ;~rflnt sfo{qmdxsf] k|ult ljj/0f
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tflnsf
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!#
!#
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-5_ M ljBfno tyf nfeflGjt ljBfyL{xsf] ljj/0f

-h_ M lzIffsf] nflu vfB sfo{qmdsf] ljj/0f
-em_ M k|fljlws tyf Jofj;flos tflnd sfo{qmdx
-`_ M Jofj;flos lzIff tyf tflnd clej[l4sf] ljj/0f
-6_ M cgf}krfl/s lzIff cGtu{t ;~rflnt sfo{qmdxsf] ljj/0f
-7_ M ef}uf]lns If]qcg';f/ ljleGg txsf ljBfnoxsf] ljj/0f
-8_ M z}lIfs ;q @)^( df txut ljBfno, ljBfyL{ / lzIfs cg'kft
-9_ M k|lt lzIfs ljBfyL{ cg'kft
-0f_ M ljleGg k|sf/sf ljBfnoxsf] If]qut ljj/0f
-t_ M k/Dk/fut ljBfnoxsf] ljj/0f
-y_ M ;fd'bflos / ;+:yfut ljBfnodf sfo{/t ;a} lsl;dsf lzIfs ljj/0f
-b_ M ljBfnout / txut lzIfsxsf] n}+lus ljj/0f
-w_ M cfwf/e"t txdf lzIfs tflnd;DaGwL ;+VofTds ljj/0f
-g_ M dfWolds txdf lzIfs tflnd;DaGwL ;+VofTds ljj/0f
-k_ M cfwf/e"t txdf ljBfyL{ egf{sf] cj:yf
-km_ M z}lIfs ;q @)^( df txut ljBfyL{ egf{sf] cj:yf
-a_ M txut ljBfyL{ egf{b/ -GER and NER_ ;DaGwL ljj/0f
-e_ M P;=Pn=;L= k/LIffdf ;lDdlnt / pQL0f{ 5fq 5fqfxsf] ljj/0f
-d_ M ;DaGwgk|fKt pRr dfWolds ljBfnoxsf] If]qut ljj/0f
-o_ M jflif{s k/LIffdf ;lDdlnt / pQL0f{ ljBfyL{ ;+Vof
-/_ M ljleGg tx / ljifodf cWoogfy{ dgf]gog ePsf ljBfyL{xsf] ;+Vof
-n_ M ljleGg ljZjljBfno cGtu{tsf SofDk;x tyf ljBfyL{ ;+Vof
-j_ M cf=j= @)^*^( df ljZjljBfnosf ljBfyL{xsf] egf{ / pTkfbg ljj/0f
-z_ M k|d'v :jf:Yo ;"rs / pknlAw
-if_ M :jf:Yo ;+:yfx tyf c:ktfnsf] ;+Vof, z}of tyf hgzlQmsf] ljj/0f
-;_ M ljsf; If]qcg';f/ c:ktfnsf] :jf:Yo ;]jfaf6 nfeflGjt ePsf hg;+Vof
-x_ M ljsf; If]qcg';f/ ;a} k|sf/sf alx/+u ;]jftkm{sf lj/fdLsf] ;+VofTds ljj/0f
-If_ M lj:tfl/t vf]k sfo{qmdsf] ljj/0f
-q_ M k|hgg\ :jf:Yo sfo{qmdsf] k|ult ljj/0f
-1_ M Ifo/f]u sfo{qmdsf] k|ult ljj/0f
-ss_ M ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{qmdsf] k|ult ljj/0f
-sv_ M btf{sf] k|sf/ / k|lqmof
-su_ M g]kfn d]l8sn sfplG;ndf btf{ ePsf ljz]if1 lrlsT;sxsf] ljj/0f
v

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tflnsf
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!#
!#
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!#
!#
!#
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!#

-s3_ M dlxnf ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] d'Vod'Vo pknlJwx

-s_ M ;dfh sNof0f kl/ifb\af6 :jLs[t sfo{qmd
-sr_ M vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO, u|fdL0f Pj+ ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL sfo{qmdsf] k|ult
-s5_ M o'jf kl/rfng tkm{sf] cfly{s jif{ cg';f/sf] sfo{qmdsf] k|ult ljj/0f
-sh_ M v]ns'b tyf cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk;DaGwL k|ult ljj/0f
-sem_M JolQmut 36gf btf{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f tflnsf
-s`_M ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{qmd cGtu{t eQf jf j[lQ ljj/0f
-s6_ M ;fdflhs kl/rfngsf] k|ult ljj/0f

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rf6{ ;"rL
rf{6
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rf6{
rf6{
rf6{
rf6{
rf6{
rf6{
rf6{
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rf6{
rf6{

! -s_ M Ps bzssf] cfly{s j[l4b/

@ -s_ M ;fj{hlgs C0f / ufx{:y pTkfbgdf o;sf] c+;
# -s_ M pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsfdf ePsf] cf}ift kl/jt{g
# -v_ M k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"No
$ -s_ M d'b|f k|bfosf] j[l4b/
$ -v_ M d'b|f k|bfosf sf/sx?df ePsf] kl/jt{g
$ -u_ M laQLo ;]jfsf] la:tf/
% -s_ M lwtf]kqsf] lgisfzg
% -v_ M ahf/ k'FhLs/0f
% -u_ M lwtf]kq r'Qmf d'No tyf sf/f]af/ /sd
% -3_ M g]K;] kl/;"rs
^ -s_ M cGt/f{li6o Jokf/
^ -v_ M lak|]if0f cfk|jfx
( -s_ M ko{6g If]qaf6 cflh{t ljb]zL d'b|f
!# -s_ M ljBfno ;d'bfodf x:tfGt/0fsf] cj:yf
!# -v_ M ef}uf]lns If]q cg';f/sf] cfwf/e"t txsf ljBfno ljj/0f
!# -u_ M ;fd'bflos / ;+:yfut ljBfnodf sfo{/t lzIfs ljj/0f
!# -3_ M txut ljBfyL{ egf{sf] cj:yf
!# -_ M ;fd'bflos / ;+:yfut ljBfnodf z}=;= @)^( df egf{ ePsf s'n ljBfyL{ ;+Vof
!# -r_ M :jf:Yo ;]jfsf k|d'v ;'rsfsf] !% jif{sf] k|j[lQ
!# -5_ M :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] lj:tf/
!# -h_ M :jf:Yo ;'ljwfsf] lj:tf/

vii

#!
$)
46
55
56

^@
&$
&%
75
77
84
87
141
194
205
209
211
212
219
222
222

Abbreviations
AIDs
AIT
AOC
ARV
BDS
BOOT
CB PMTCT
CBIMCI
CBR
CCTV
CDAS
CDMA
CEDA
DACC
DOTs
E.N.T .
E-DV
EVDO
GER
GIS
GPI
HIV
HMIS
HPS
ICAO
ICP
IFAD
ISO
IT
JFPR
LGCDP
MBBS
MCPM
MDA
MDG
MDR
MDRTB
MOU
NER

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

Administrator in Training
Air Operation Certificate
Antiretroviral
Bachelor of Dental Surgery
Build Operate Owned Transfer
Community Based Pregnant Mother to Child Transmitted
Community Based Integrated Management of Childhood Illness
Crud Birth Rate
Close Circuit Television
Central Depositary Accounting Software
Code Division Multiple Access
Center for Economic Development and Administration
District AIDS Coordination Committee
Directly Observed Treatment
Ear, Nose, Throat
Electronic Diversity Visa
Enhanced Voice-Data Optimized
Gross Enrolment Ratio
Geographic Information System
Gender Perception Indicator
Human Immune Deficiency Virus
Hazardous Materials Identification System
Hermansky Pudlak syndrome
International Civil Aviation Organisation
International Custom Point
International Fund for Agriculture Development
International Organization for Standardization
Information Technology
Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction
Local Government & Community Development Programme
Bachelor in Medicine and Bachelor in Surgery
Minimum Conditions and Performance Measures
Mass Drug Administration
Millennium Development Goals
Multi Drug Resistant
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis
Memorandum of Understanding
Net Employment Ratio
viii

NITC
NTV
O&M
OTC
PAN
PMTCT
PNC
SEZ
STOL
TPS
UNFCCC
VCT/STI
VHF/UHF

National Information Technology Center

Nepal Television
Organization & Management
Over the Counter
Permanent Account Number
Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission
Post Natal Care
Special Economy Zone
Short Take-Off and Landing
True Potato Seed
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
Volunteer Counseling Treatment of Sexual Transmitted Infection
Very High Frequency / Ultra High Frequency

5f]6s/L k
ls=ld=
ls=jf=
s]=hL=
lj=;+=
lj=lg=
k|f=lj=
lg=df=lj=
df=lj=
p=df=lj=
qm=;+=
z}=tf=s]=
uf=lj=;=
lh=lj=;=

lsnf]ld6/
lsnf] jf6
lsnf]u|fd
ljqmd ;Djt\
ljBfno lg/LIfs
k|ylds ljBfno
lgDg dfBflds ljBfno
dfBflds ljBfno
pRr dfBflds ljBfno
qmd ;+Vof
z}lIfs tflnd s]Gb|
ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt

ix

sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z

sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z
1.

2.

3.

4.

rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd bz dlxgfsf] ;dli6ut cfly{s kl/;"rsx?
;fdfGotM ;sf/fTds /x]sf 5g\ . tyflk nIoeGbf Go"g b/sf] cfly{s j[l4 nIo
eGbf a9L b/sf] d'b|f:kmLlt / a9\bf] Jofkf/ 3f6f cy{tGqsf nflu r'gf}ltsf] kdf
b]lvPsf 5g\ .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df %=% k|ltztsf b/n] cly{s j[l4 x'g] nIo /flvPsf]df
cfwf/e"t d"Nodf #=%^ k|ltzt / pTkfbssf] d"Nodf #=^% k|ltztn] dfq cfly{s
j[l4 x'g] k|f/lDes cg'dfg 5 . ut cfly{s jif{df $=% k|ltztsf] cfly{s j[l4b/
xfl;n ePsf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{df vfBfGg pTkfbgdf sdL cfPsf] kmn:jk s[lif
If]qsf] j[l4b/df ut cfly{s jif{df eGbf #=& k|ltzt laGb'n] sdL cfpg uPsf]n]
;du| cfly{s j[l4b/df x|f; cfPsf] xf] . u}/ s[lif If]qtkm{ eg] rfn' cfly{s jif{df
$=(* k|ltztsf] j[l4b/ xfl;n x'g] cg'dfg 5 h'g ut cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf
)=^* k|ltzt laGb'n] a9L xf] . rfn' cfly{s jif{df s'n ufx{:y pTkfbg ut cfly{s
jif{sf] t'ngfdf !)=* k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= !& va{ ! ca{ k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . ut
cfly{s jif{df s'n ufx{:y pTkfbg ?= !% va{ #^ ca{ /x]sf] lyof] .
rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df s[lif If]qsf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbg ut cfly{s jif{sf]
t'ngfdf !=# k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g] cg'dfg 5 . ut cfly{s jif{df o:tf] j[l4b/ %=)
k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] . s[lif tyf jg pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/ !=@ k|ltzt / dT:okfng
pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/ $=) k|ltzt /xg] cg'dfg 5 . s[lifsf] j[l4b/df k|d'v e"ldsf
v]Ng] vfBfGg afnLsf] pTkfbgdf rfn' cfly{s jif{df !!=# k|ltztn] sdL cfPsf]n]
k|d'v vfBfGg afnLxsf] pTkfbg ut jif{eGbf *=) k|ltztn] 36\g uO{ s'n *&
nfv #* xhf/ d]l6s 6g k'u]sf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{df s'n ## nfv $$ xhf/
x]S6/ hldgdf k|d'v vfBfGg afnLx nufOPsf] cg'dfg 5 h'g ut jif{eGbf $=)
k|ltztn] sdL xf] .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df u}/ s[lif If]qsf] j[l4b/ $=#) k|ltzt dfq /x]sf]df rfn'
cfly{s jif{df $=(* k|ltzt k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df eg] of]
j[l4b/ #=^$ k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] . u}/ s[lif If]qtk{m lgdf{0f, ljh'nL, UofF; / kfgL,
3/ hUuf, ef8f / Jofkf/, ;fj{hlgs ;]jf, lzIff tyf cGo ;fd'bflos, ;fdflhs /
JolQmut ;]jfsf] pTkfbg j[l4b/df sdL cfPsf] 5 eg] cGo pkIf]qxsf] j[l4b/df
ut cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf j[l4 ePsf] 5 . u}/ s[lif If]qtk{m vfgL tyf pTvggdf
%=$% k|ltzt, cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgdf !=*% k|ltzt, ljh'nL, UofF; / kfgLdf )=@)
k|ltzt, yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/df (=%$ k|ltzt, xf]6]n tyf /]i6'/]G6df ^=*$
k|ltzt, oftfoft, e08f/0f / ;~rf/df ^=&# k|ltzt, ljQLo dWo:ytfdf ^=^%
k|ltzt, 3/hUuf tyf Jofj;flos lqmofsnfkdf !=^$ k|ltzt, ;fj{hlgs k|zf;g
/ /Iffdf #=#! k|ltzt, lzIffdf $=!! k|ltzt, :jf:Yo / ;fdflhs sfo{df ^=(%
k|ltzt tyf cGo ;fd'bflos, ;fdflhs / JolQmut ;]jf lqmofsnfkdf %=@)
x

5.

6.

7.

k|ltztsf] j[l4b/ x'g] cg'dfg 5 eg] lgdf{0f pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/ !=%& k|ltztn] j[l4
x'g] cg'dfg 5 .
;g\ @)!! sf] t'ngfdf ;g\ @)!@ df ljZjsf] cfly{s j[l4b/df sdL cfPsf] 5 .
cGt/f{li6o d'b|fsf]ifn] ;g\ @)!# sf] clk|ndf k|sflzt u/]sf] ljZj cfly{s kl/b[Zo
-World Economic Outlook_ sf cg';f/ ;g\ @)!! df ljZj pTkfbg $=)
k|ltztn] a9]sf]df ;g\ @)!@ df #=@ k|ltztn] dfq a9]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . If]qut
kdf x]bf{ dWok"j{ tyf pQ/L clk|msfsf] afx]s cGo ;a} If]qsf] j[l4b/df ;g\
@)!! sf] t'ngfdf sdL cfPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ljZj cy{tGqdf ck]lIft ;'wf/
gcfO;s]sf], o'/f]ksf] C0f ;+s6 sfod} /x]sf], ljZjsf pbLodfg cy{tGqxsf]
cfly{s j[l4b/df sdL cfPsf] h:tf sf/0fxn] ;g\ @))& )( df b]lvPsf]
ljZjJofkL dGbLdf ;'wf/ b]lvPtf klg cfufdL jif{;Dd klg ljZj pTkfbgsf]
j[l4b/df vf;} j[l4 gx'g] k|If]k0f ul/Psf] 5 . cGt/f{li6o d'b|fsf]ifn] u/]sf] k|If]k0f
cg';f/ ;g\ @)!# / ;g\ @)!$ df ljZjsf] pTkfbg j|mdzM #=# / $=) k|ltzt x'g]
b]lvPsf] 5 .
;g\ @)!@ df blIf0f PlzofnL d'n'sxdWo] ckmuflg:tfg, e'6fg, g]kfn /
kfls:tfgsf] cfly{s j[l4b/df a9f]Q/L ePsf] 5 . ;g\ @)!@ sf] h'nfO{;Dd cyf{t\
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] tYofnfO{ cfwf/ dflgPsf] sf/0f ;g\ @)!@ df g]kfnsf]
j[l4b/ a9]sf] b]lvPsf] xf] . ;g\ @)!) df bf]xf]/f] csf] cfly{s j[l4 u/]sf ef/t /
e'6fg b'j}sf] j[l4b/df sdL cfPsf] 5 . blIf0f PlzofnL d'n'sxsf] cy{tGqnfO{
o'/f]k]nL / cd]l/sL d'n'sxsf] cfly{s j[l4n] ;Lwf k|efj kfg]{ ePsfn] tL
d'n'sxsf] cfly{s j[l4n] ;d]t of] If]qsf] j[l4b/df sdL cfPsf] b]lvG5 . To;}u/L
blIf0f PlzofnL d'n'ssf] glhssf] / ;g\ @))) sf] bzsdf bf]xf]/f] j[l4b/sf]
sLlt{dfg /fv]sf] rLgsf] j[l4b/df ;d]t ;g\ @)!@ df sdL cfPsf]5 .
g]kfnL cy{tGqsf] ;+/rgfdf qmdzM kl/j{tg cfO/x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . s'n ufx{:y
pTkfbgdf s[lif / pBf]u If]qsf] of]ubfg 36\g] / ;]jf If]qsf] of]ubfg a9\g] k|j[lQ
b]lvPsf] 5 . If]qut cfwf/df x]bf{ k|rlnt d"Nodf rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] s'n ufx{:y
pTkfbgdf k|fylds, ltLo / t[tLo If]qsf] of]ubfg qmdzM #%=# k|ltzt, !$=$
k|ltzt / %)=# k|ltzt x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . k|fylds / ltLo If]qtk{m of]
of]ubfg ut cfly{s jif{eGbf qmdzM )=(( k|ltzt ljGb'n] sd / )=)% k|ltzt
laGb'n] a9L xf] . t[tLo If]qsf] of]ubfgdf ut cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf )=($ k|ltzt
ljGb'n] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgnfO{ s[lif / u}/ s[lif If]q u/L b'O{
efudf juL{s/0f ubf{ s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg 36]sf] 5 eg] u}/
s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfgdf s]xL j[l4 x'g uPsf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] s'n ufx{:y
pTkfbgdf s[lif, jg tyf dT:okfng If]qsf] of]ubfg #%=# k|ltzt / afFsL If]qsf]
of]ubfg ^$=& k|ltzt /xg] cg'dfg 5 . o:tf] of]ubfg ut cfly{s jif{df qmdzM
#^=# k|ltzt / ^#=& k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] .
xi

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf pkef]usf] c+z ut jif{sf] **=%
k|ltztaf6 a9]/ ()=& k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf lghL pkef]usf]
c+z &(=@ k|ltzt 5 eg] ;/sf/L pkef]u (=* k|ltzt 5 . s'n pkef]u vr{dWo]
lghL If]qsf] *&=# k|ltzt, ;/sf/L If]qsf] !)=* k|ltzt / u}/gfkmfd"ns
;+:yfxsf] !=( k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . rfn' jif{df s'n pkef]u vr{df ;/sf/L pkef]u
vr{sf] c+zdf sdL ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . s'n pkef]udWo] vfBfGgsf] pkef]u ^%=^
k|ltzt / ;]jfsf] c+z !)=& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
rfn' cfly{s jif{df s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf nufgLsf] c+z @=( k|ltzt ljGb'n] a9]sf]
kfOPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df o:tf] c+z #$=( k|ltzt /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s
jif{df #&=* k|ltzt k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . o;dWo] s'n l:y/ k'FhL lgdf{0fsf] c+z @!=@
k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . s'n l:y/ k'FhL lgdf{0fsf] *!=! k|ltzt lghL If]qaf6 / !*=(
k|ltzt ;/sf/L If]qaf6 ePsf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf
artsf] c+zdf sdL cfPsf] 5 . s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf s'n ufx{:y artsf] c+z
(=# k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 eg] s'n /fli6o artsf] c+z #*=$ k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . rfn'
cfly{s jif{df s'n ufx{:y art = ! va{ %* ca{ *^ s/f]8 / s'n /fli6o art
= ^ va{ %# ca{ $( s/f]8 k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 .
g]kfnsf] s'n /fli6o vr{of]Uo cfodf j[l4 ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . k|rlnt d"Nodf rfn'
cfly{s jif{df o:tf] cfodf !!=# k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{df
g]kfnLsf] k|ltJolQm s'n ufx{:y pTkfbg ?= ^@ xhf/ % ;o !) cyf{t\ & ;o !&
cd]l/sL 8n/ k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . o;}u/L s'n /fli6o cfosf] cfwf/df g]kfnLsf]
k|ltJolQm cfo = ^@ xhf/ & ;o (& cyf{t\ & ;o @! cd]l/sL 8n/ k'Ug]
cg'dfg 5 . ljk|]if0f cfk|jfxdf ePsf] j[l4 / ;]jf If]qsf] pTkfbgdf ePsf] j[l4n]
ubf{ s'n vr{of]Uo cfodf j[l4 ePsf] xf] .
s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf Jofkf/ 3f6fsf] c+z a9\b} uPsf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] s'n
ufx{:y pTkfbgdf lgof{tsf] c+z !!=# k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 eg] cfoftsf] c+z #*=*
k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf Jofkf/ 3f6fsf] c+z ut jif{ @#=$
k|ltzt /x]sf]df o; cfly{s jif{df @*=$ k|ltzt x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df g]kfn ;/sf/sf] s'n vr{ !$=* k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ s'n
?= # va{ #( ca{ !^ s/f]8 k'u]sf] lyof] . rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df ut jif{
eGbf !(=$ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ s'n vr{ ?= $ va{ $ ca{ *@ s/f]8 k'Ug] cg'dfg
5 . o;dWo] rfn' vr{ ?= @ va{ &( ca{ ! s/f]8, k'FhLut vr{ ?= ^^ ca{ !#
s/f]8 / ljQLo Joj:yftkm{ ?= %( ca{ ^* s/f]8 x'g] cg'dfg 5 . rfn' cfly{s
jif{df /fh:j kl/rfng !*=% k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= @ va{ *( ca{ ^) s/f]8 k'Ug]
cg'dfg 5 . o;dWo] s/ /fh:j ?= @ va{ %@ ca{ %& s/f]8 / u}/s/ /fh:j ?=
#& ca{ # s/f]8 x'g] cg'dfg 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df /fh:j kl/rfngdf
@#=@ k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] lyof] .
xii

13.

rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf s'n ltg{ afFsL C0f
/sdsf] cg'kft 36]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o:tf] cg'kft #$=! k|ltzt
/x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] cjlwdf #)=! k|ltzt
/x]sf] 5 . j}b]lzs C0fsf] cg'kft ut cfly{s jif{sf] @)=! jf6 o; cfly{s jif{
!&=^ k|ltzt / cfGtl/s C0fsf] cg'kft ut cfly{s jif{sf] !#=( k|ltztjf6 o;
jif{ !@=$ k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 .

14.

rfn' cfly{s jif{df d'b|f:kmLltb/df ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf j[l4 ePsf] 5 . ut cfly{s

jif{sf] kmfu'g dlxgfdf jflif{s laGb'ut cfwf/df zx/L If]qsf] ;du| d"No ;"rsf+ssf]
j[l4b/ &=) k|ltzt /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] kmfu'g dlxgfdf !)=@ k|ltzt
k'u]sf] 5 . jflif{s laGb'ut cfwf/df o; cjlwdf vfB j:t'tk{m !!=# k|ltzt /
u}/vfB j:t't{km (=# k|ltztsf] d'b|f:kmLlt b/ b]lvG5 . ut cfly{s jif{df o:tf] b/
qmdzM $=@ k|ltzt / (=$ k|ltzt lyof] . o;n] rfn' cfly{s jif{df vfB tyf
u}/vfB b'j}sf] d"Noj[l4b/ j9]sf] b]lvG5 .
rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf v'b j}b]lzs ;DklQdf ePsf] pNn]Vo j[l4sf
sf/0fn] lj:t[t d'b|fk|bfo ^=@ k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . ;f]xL cjlwdf ;\s'lrt
d'b|fk|bfo eg] *=# k|ltztn] lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 . o; cjlwdf v'b j}b]lzs ;DklQ
-ljb]zL ljlgdo gfkmf gf]S;fg ;dfof]lht_ = !! ca{ &* s/f]8n] a9]sf] 5 eg]
s'n cfGtl/s shf{ *=( k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxn] = !
va{ ^# ca{ !$ s/f]8 lgIf]k ;\sng u/L kmfu'g d;fGt;Dddf a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfxdf /x]sf] lgIf]k /sd = !) va{ *) ca{ $$ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . o;
cjlwdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxn] u/]sf] shf{ k|jfx = ! va{ @^ ca{ # s/f]8n]
a9L kmfu'g;Dd hDdf k|jflxt shf{ = ( va{ #! ca{ #$ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 .
rfn' cfly{s jif{ lwtf]kq ahf/sf] cj:yfdf ;'wf/ cfPsf] 5 . z]o/ ahf/sf]
;"rssf] ?kdf /x]sf] g]K;] ;"rsf rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] klxnf] cf7 dlxgfdf
%$%=&@ ljGb' sfod /x]sf] 5 h'g cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf] eGbf &#=*
k|ltzt ljGb'n] a9L xf] . o;}u/L rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dd ahf/
k'FhLs/0f cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf *)=% k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{
?= % va{ @( ca{ &@ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . ;fy}, of] cjlwdf sf/f]jf/ /sd ut jif{sf]
;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf !^*=@ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ = !$ ca{ !% s/f]8 $% nfv
k'u]sf] 5 .

15.

16.

17.

18.

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf s'n lgof{t $=@ k|ltztn] a9]/ =
%! ca{ ! s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 eg] cfoft @)=$ k|ltztn] a9]/ = # va{ ^) ca{ %^
s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . ut jif{ lgof{t !%=$ k|ltzt / cfoft !^=% k|ltztn] dfq j[l4
ePsf] lyof] . o;/L kmfu'g d;fGt;Dd s'n Jofkf/ 3f6fdf @#=% k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{
= # va{ ( ca{ %% s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . ut jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf Jofkf/ 3f6fdf
xiii

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

!^=& k|ltztn] dfq j[l4 ePsf] lyof] . k]6f]lnod kbf{ysf] d"Noj[l4 / cd]l/sL
8n/sf] g]kfnL ?k}ofF;Fusf] ljlgdob/df ePsf] j[l4n] ubf{ cfoft pRr x'g uO{
Jofkf/ 3f6f a9\g uPsf] xf] .
rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] zf]wgfGt/ l:ylt eg] cg's"n /Xof] . ljk|]if0f cfodf ePsf] j[l4
/ bft[;+:yfxaf6 lnOPsf] zf]wegf{sf] /sd j[l4sf sf/0fn] cfly{s jif{sf] klxnf]
cf7 dlxgfdf = !! ca{ &* s/f]8 zf]wgfGt/ artdf /Xof] . ut cfly{s jif{sf]
;f]xL cjlwdf = *! ca{ ( s/f]8 zf]wgfGt/ artdf /x]sf] lyof] . o; cjlwdf]
ljk|]if0f cfo ut cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] $!=* k|ltzt j[l4sf] t'ngfdf !(=^
k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ = $ va{ #) ca{ k'u]sf] 5 . ut jif{ o:tf] cfo = # va{ %(
ca{ ^) s/f]8 /x]sf] lyof] .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] klxnf] cf7 dlxgf;Dd s'n ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rltdf
pNn]Vo j[l4 eO{ ?= $ va{ %# ca{ ^! s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xL
cjlwdf s'n ;l~rlt = # va{ ^* ca{ !) s/f]8 dfq lyof] . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf]
k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Ddsf] cfoftnfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf ljb]zL ljlgdosf] of]
;l~rlt:t/n] !)=@ dlxgfsf] j:t' cfoft / *=* dlxgfsf] j:t' tyf ;]jf cfoft
wfGg ;Sg b]lvG5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] g]kfn hLjg:t/ dfkg ;j{]If0f t];|f]n]
s'n hg;+Vofsf] @%=!^ k|ltzt hgftf lg/k]If ul/aLsf] /]vfd'lg /x]sf] b]vfPsf]
lyof] . o;} ;j{]If0fcg';f/ cfo c;dfgtf bzf{pg] lugL ;"rsf )=$! af6 36]/
)=## /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 h;n] cfo c;dfgtfdf sdL cfPsf]tk{m O\lut ub{5 .
rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] cGTo;Dddf ul/aLsf] b/nfO{ @! k|ltztdf emfg]{ nIo
lnOPsf]df @#=* k|ltztdf dfq em/]sf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ut cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf cf}Bf]lus ;"rsfdf $=!
c\sn] j[l4 eO{ !!!=^ k'u]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df tf]/Lsf] t]n, rfdn,
rfprfp, lrgL, dlb/f, ljo/, xNsf k]o kbfy{, h'6sf ;fdfg, pgL un}rf, tof/L
wft'sf pTkfbg, cf}iflw, Knfli6ssf ;fdfg, UofNjfgfOH8 kfOk tf/ tyf s]jn,
k|zf]lwt lrof, wfuf] h:tf j:t'xsf] ;"rsfdf j[l4 ePsf] 5 eg] jg:klt o",
e6df;sf] t]n, la:s'6, ;'tL sk8f, ufd]06, No"j cfon, k|zf]lwt 5fnf, /f]lhg,
l;d]06, r'/f]6 h:tf cf}Bf]lus j:t'xsf] ;"rsfdf eg] sdL cfPsf] 5 .
;g\ @)!@ df g]kfn cfpg] ko{6sxsf] ;+Vofdf ;g\ @)!! sf] t'ngfdf (=)*
k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ * nfv # xhf/ (@ k'u]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)!! df ko{6ssf] ;/b/
g]kfn a;fO cjlw !#=!@ lbg /x]sf]df ;g\ @)!@ df !@=*& lbg x'g cfPsf] 5 .
o; cjlwdf ko{6g If]qaf6 = #) ca{ &) s/f]8 #* nfv cfo ePsf] 5 eg] k|lt
k{o6s k|ltlbg vr{ #$=(# cd]l/sL 8n/ k'u]sf] 5 . s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf ko{6g
If]qsf] of]ubfg !=* k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 eg] o; If]qdf ! nfv ^) xhf/ hgfn]
k|ToIf /f]huf/L k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ .
xiv

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df s'n pmhf{ vktdf
)=&# k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ !) xhf/ @ ;o @( 6g t]nzlQm a/fa/ k'u]sf] lyof] .
rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf of] vkt ^ xhf/ % ;o (&
6g t]nzlQm a/fa/ k'u]sf] 5 h'g ut jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf !(=%*
k|ltztn] 36L xf] . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] s'n pmhf{ vktdWo] k/Dk/fut,
Jofkfl/s tyf gjLs/0f pmhf{ vkt qmdzM *%=!^ k|ltzt, !$=)# k|ltzt /
)=&* k|ltzt /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf of] vkt *^=!
k|ltzt, !#=!# k|ltzt / )=&& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] cGTo;Dddf &)%=^ d]ufjf6 ljB't pTkfbg ePsf]df
rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] kmfu'g dlxgf;Dddf &$^ d]ufjf6 hnljB't pTkfbg ePsf] 5 .
o; cjlw;Dddf s'n ! xhf/ ( ;o *& lsnf]ld6/ k|;f/0f nfOg lgdf{0f ePsf] 5
eg] (* xhf/ lsnf]ld6/ ljt/0f nfOg lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . tfkLo ljB't pTkfbg,
ef/taf6 cfoft / lghL tyf ;f{jhlgs If]qsf] hnljB't pTkfbg ;d]taf6 u/L
hDdf $ xhf/ @ ;o % luufjf6 k|lt306f ljB't cfk"lt{ ePsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{
o:tf] cfk"lt{ # xhf/ * ;o %* luufjf6 ljB't cfk"lt{ ePsf] lyof] .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] klxnf] cf7 dlxgf;Dd k]6f]lnod kbf{ysf] vktdf
cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf %=$ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ^ nfv *)
xhf/ % ;o $) lsnf]ln6/ / PnkL UofF;sf] vkt !&=@ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ! nfv
## xhf/ @ ;o &! d]l6s 6g k'u]sf] 5 . o; cjlwdf PnkL UofF; afx]ssf]
k]6f]lnod kbf{ysf] s'n vktdWo] l8h]n ^%=@ k|ltzt, d6\6Lt]n @=^ k|ltzt, k]6f]n
@)=* k|ltzt / xjfO{ OGwg !!=$ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
rfn' cfly{s jif{df ! ;o @* lsnf]ld6/ sfnf]kq], ! ;o ^( lsnf]ld6/ v08fl:dt
/ ! ;o ($ lsnf]ld6/ sRrL ;8s lgdf{0f eO{ kmfu'g d;fGt;Dd d'n'se/ !)
xhf/ # ;o @) lsnf]ld6/ ;8s sfnf]kq] ePsf] 5 eg] % xhf/ * ;o @*
lsnf]ld6/ v08fl:dt / * xhf/ $ ;o #% lsnf]ld6/ sRrL ;8s /x]sf 5g\ . oL
;8sxdf u'8\g] ;jf/L ;fwgsf] ;+Vof !$ nfv (! xhf/ $ ;o @@ k'u]sf] 5 .
rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] cjlwdf dfq ut jif{sf] ;jf/L ;fwgsf]
;+Vofdf $) k|ltzt yk ePsf] 5 .
rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] klxnf] cf7 dlxgf;Dd d'n'se/ hDdf ! s/f]8 (^ nfv !%
xhf/ &^ 6]lnkmf]g u|fxs /x]sf 5g\ . o;dWo] df]afOn k|of]ustf{xsf] ;+Vof *%
k|ltzteGbf a9L 5g\ . ljleGg 5 j6f 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf k|bfos ;+:yf 5g\ . o;
cjlw;Dddf $ ;o *( j6f PkmPdn] cg'dlt lnPsf 5g eg] # ;o ^# j6f
/]l8of]x k|;f/0f/t 5g\ . To:t}, ljleGg k|sf/sf ^ xhf/ % ;o () j6f klqsfx
k|sfzgdf /x]sf 5g\ .
lzIff If]qdf cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df pNn]Vo k|ult ePsf] 5 . of] z}lIfs jif{df
k|fylds txdf v'b egf{b/ (%=# k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 eg] cfwf/e"t lzIffdf *&=%
xv

30.

k|ltzt / dfWolds lzIffdf #@=$ k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . ut z}lIfs jif{df o:tf]

egf{b/ qmdzM (%=! k|ltzt, *^=^ k|ltzt / #)=^ k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] . z}lIfs
;q @)^( df k|fylds ljBfnodf $% nfv &^ xhf/ ^ ;o (# hgf, lgDg
dfWolds ljBfnodf !* nfv @# xhf/ ! ;o (@ hgf / dfWolds ljBfnodf *
nfv &* xhf/ $& hgf ljBfyL{ cWoog/t /x]sf 5g\ . lzIfftk{m ljBfnosf]
;+Vofdf ;d]t j[l4 eO{ k|fylds txdf #$ xhf/ @ ;o (* , lgDg dfWolds txdf
!$ xhf/ $ ;o $& / dfWolds txdf * xhf/ $ ;o !^ ljBfno k'u]sf 5g\ .
;x;|fAbL ljsf; nIosf] k|d'v nIodWo] :jf:Yo If]qsf nIoxdf 7"nf] pknlAw
xfl;n ePsf] 5 . ;g\ !((^ df % jif{ d'gLsf] afn d[To'b/ !!*=# k|ltxhf/
/x]sf]df ;g\ @)!! df %% k|ltxhf/df em/]s]f 5 eg] dft[ d[To'b/ %#( k|ltnfv
/x]sf]df @%) df /]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] klxnf] cf7 dlxgfdf !
nfv ^( xhf/ ( ;o @* la/fdL egf{ eO{ pkrf/ u/fPsf 5g\ eg] !# nfv !)
xhf/ @@ hgfn] alx/+u ;]jf / # nfv & xhf/ * ;o %$ hgfn] cfsl:ds ;]jf
k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g;Dddf d'n'se/df ! ;o % c:ktfn, @
xhf/ ! ;o &% :jf:Yo rf}sL, @ ;o (# cfo'j]{b c:ktfn tyf cf}ifwfnox, !
xhf/ ^ ;o !% pk :jf:Yo rf}sL !% z}o\ofsf u|fdL0f c:ktfn / cGo u/L hDdf
$ xhf/ # ;o (# :jf:Yo ;+:yfxn] ;]jf k|bfg ul//x]sf 5g\ .

xvi

;dli6ut cfly{s
kl/;"rsx

;dli6ut cfly{s kl/;"rsx

59/60

cfly{s jif{

60/61

61/62

62/63

63/64 64/65 65/66

66/67

67/68

68/69 69/70*

cfly{s ultljlw

oyfy{{ s'n ufx{:Yo

pTkfbg
-cfwf/e"t d"Nodf_
s[lif
pBf]u
;]jf
oyfy{{ s'n ufx{:Yo
pTkfbg
-pTkfbssf] d"Nodf_
k|lt JolQm s'n ufx{:Yo
pTkfbg -l:y/ d"Nodf_
k|lt JolQm s'n /fli6o
cfo
-l:y/ d"Nodf_
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg
-k|rlnt d"Nodf_
s'n /fli6o cfo
-k|rlnt d"Nodf_

jflif{s
kl/jt{g

3.8

4.4

3.2

3.7

2.8

5.8

3.9

4.3

3.9

4.5

3.6

3.3

4.7

3.5

1.9

5.8

4.5

5.0

1.3

3.1

1.5

2.9

4.4

1.6

-0.6

4.1

4.4

3.0

1.5

3.7

6.8

3.3

5.6

4.5

7.3

5.8

3.4

4.5

6.0

jflif{s
kl/jt{g

3.9

4.7

3.5

3.4

3.4

6.1

4.5

4.8

3.4

4.6

3.7

jflif{s
kl/jt{g

1.7

2.4

1.2

1.1

6.3

4.6

3.1

3.4

2.5

3.5

2.3

jflif{s
kl/jt{g

1.6

2.3

2.1

1.9

6.9

4.6

3.3

3.7

2.1

3.8

1.9

7.1

9.8

11

11.3

12.1

21.2

20.7

15.3

11.7

10.8

7.1

8.9

10.5

11.5

11.6

12

21.4

20.2

15.0

12.2

10.2

jflif{s
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
kl/jt{g

jflif{s
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
kl/jt{g

xvii

cfly{s jif{

s'n /fli6o vr{of]Uo

cfDbfgL
-k|rlnt d"Nodf_
k|lt JolQm s'n ufx{:Yo
pTkfbg
k|ltJolQm s'n /fli6o
cfo
k|ltJolQm s'n /fli6o
vr{of]Uo cfDbfgL

jflif{s
kl/jt{g
cd]l/sL
8n/
cd]l/sL
8n/
cd]l/sL
8n/

59/60

60/61

61/62

62/63

63/64 64/65 65/66

66/67

67/68

7.6

9.3

11.1

14

10.1

16.5

261

293

328

350

410

261

292

329

352

301

339

383

68/69 69/70*

24.2

18.8

13.9

16.8

11.3

491

497

610

718

706

717

414

496

502

614

722

713

721

420

487

606

628

759

883

907

926

oyfy{ s'n ufx{:Yo

pTkfbg
-cfwf/e"t d"Nodf_*

?=ca{

429.7

448.7

463.2

480.4

493.7

522.3

542.7

565.8

587.5

613.9

635.8

s[lif
pBf]u
;]jf

?=ca{
?=ca{
?=ca{

165.8

173.7

179.8

185.4

187.2

198.1

204.0

208.1

217.4

228.3

231.3

76.5

77.6

79.9

81.2

84.4

85.8

85.3

88.7

92.6

95.4

96.8

199.9

213.5

220.6

233.0

243.5

261.4

277.1

293.3

303.3

317.0

336.1

459.5

481.0

497.7

514.5

532.0 564.5

590.1

618.5

639.7

670.7

695.2

18984

19436

19670

19884 21129 22110

22793

23561

24144

24979

25545

18962

19401

19802

20186

23301

24152

24655

25583

26079

oyfy{{ s'n ufx{:Yo

?=ca{
pTkfbg -pTkfbssf]
d"Nodf_
k|lt JolQm s'n ufx{:Yo
pTkfbg -@)%&%*
?=
sf] d"Nodf_

k|lt JolQm s'n /fli6o

cfo -@)%&%* sf]
d"Nodf_

?=

21569 22567

xviii

cfly{s jif{
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg
-pTkfbssf] k|rlnt
d"Nodf_

s'n /fli6o cfo

-k|rlnt d"Nodf_
s'n /fli6o vr{of]Uo
cfDbfgL
-k|rlnt d"Nodf_
k|ltJolQm s'n ufx{:Yo
pTkfbg -k|rlnt
d"Nodf_
k|ltJolQm s'n /fli6o
cfo -k|rlnt
d"Nodf_
k|ltJolQm s'n /fli6o
vr{of]Uo cfDbfgL k|rlnt d"Nodf_
s'n pkef]u lh=l8=kL=
s'n ufx{:Yo
artlh=l8=kL=
s'n /fli6o art
lh=l8=kL=
s'n l:y/ k'FhL
nufgLlh=l8=kL=
s'n l:y/ k'FhLdf

59/60

60/61

61/62

62/63

63/64 64/65 65/66

66/67

?=ca{

492.2

536.8

589.4

654.1

727.8 815.7

988.3

1192.8 1375.0

1536.0

?=ca{

491.6

535.1

591.1

659.0

735.3

1000

1201.9 1382.5

1550.8 1709.0

?=ca{

567.1

620.0

688.8

785.2

864.3 1006.4 1249.5 1485.5 1690.4

?=

20337

21689

23292

25279 28905 31946

38172

45435

?=

20309

21620

23357

25471 29200 32257

38626

?=

23430

25051

27218

30346

34323 39417 48262

k|ltzt

91.4

88.3

88.4

91.0

90.2

90.2

k|ltzt

8.6

11.8

11.6

9.0

9.8

k|ltzt

23.8

27.3

28.4

29.0

k|ltzt

19.9

20.3

19.9

k|ltzt

3.0

2.8

2.9

823.6

67/68

68/69 69/70*
1701.2

1973.6

2195.8

51896

57202

62510

45782

52181

57753

62797

56549

63800

73497

80685

90.6

88.6

85.5

88.5

90.7

9.8

9.4

11.4

14.5

11.5

9.3

28.6

33.2

35.9

35.9

37.4

40.0

38.4

20.7

21.1

21.9

21.4

22.2

21.3

20.0

21.2

2.7

3.4

4.0

4.5

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.0

xix

cfly{s jif{
;/sf/L nufgL
lh=l8=kL=
s'n l:y/ k'FhLdf
lghL nufgL
lh=l8=kL=
s'n k'FhL nufgL
lh=l8=kL=
s'n ufx{:Yo art /
s'n k'FhL nufgL
aLrsf] cGt/
lh=l8=kL=
s'n hg;+Vof

59/60

60/61

61/62

62/63

k|ltzt

16.9

17.5

17.0

18.0

17.7

17.8

k|ltzt

21.4

24.5

26.5

26.9

28.7

k|ltzt

-12.8

-12.8

-14.9

-17.9

2.38

2.41

2.45

2.48

s/]f8

63/64 64/65 65/66

66/67

67/68

68/69 69/70*

16.9

17.7

16.6

15.4

17.2

30.3

31.7

38.3

38.4

34.9

37.8

-18.9

-20.5

-22.3

-26.9

-23.8

-23.4

-28.5

2.52

2.55

2.59

2.63

2.65

2.69

2.72

d"No

pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsf jflif{s

#

s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg

d"No ;"rsf @
k|fylds If]q
ltLo If]q
;]jf If]q
yf]s d"No ;"rsf

kl/jt{g
jflif{s
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
kl/jt{g

4.7

4.0

4.5

8.0

5.9

6.7

12.6

9.6

9.6

8.3

10.6*

3.1

5.9

6.9

7.3

5.6

16.1

14.4

11.7

6.7

6.7

0.7

2.8

3.5

4.4

6.1

3.3

21.4

25.1

15.6

3.1

6.2

4.1

5.4

5.5

3.6

5.7

11.0

14.4

9.2

13.6

3.6

9.3

4.7

4.5

7.8

9.9

8.3

5.3

12.9

8.9

8.2

10.4

6.3

3.8

4.1

7.3

8.9

9.1

12.8

12.6

9.8

6.4

9.8*

xx

59/60

cfly{s jif{

tna tyf Hofnfb/

;"rsf 5
tna
Hofnfb/

60/61

61/62

jflif{s
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
kl/jt{g

62/63

63/64 64/65 65/66

66/67

67/68

68/69 69/70*

3.9

9.8

9.7

15.3

17.2

18.0

27.4

7.8

0.3

6.3

10.9

10.5

20.2

0.0

19.3

0.0

5.3

10.9

9.4

16.9

16.3

24.0

29.6

9.6

;fj{hlgs ljQ ++
jflif{s
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
s'n ;/sf/L vr{
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
rfn" vr{
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
k'FhLut vr{
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
;fFjf e'QmfgL vr{
kl/jt{g
C0f ;]jf -;fFjf /
jflif{s
Jofh e'QmfgL_
kl/jt{g
/fh:j lh=l8=kL=
k|ltzt
s/ /fh:j lh=l8=kL= k|ltzt

11.5

10.9

12.5

3.1

21.3

22.7

33.3

27.2

11.4

23.2

18.5

4.9

6.5

14.7

8.1

20.5

20.8

36.1

18.2

13.7

14.8

19.4

6.6

6.6

11

8.6

15.1

18.6

39.7

18.2

12.6

15.8

14.6

-9.8

3.3

18.4

8.3

34.2

34.7

36.6

23.5

16.8

8.6

28.7

48.6

12.9

25.4

5.4

17.4

-2.2

14.9

-2.1

-6.6

17.1

53.1

32.6

7.2

13.9

3.4

12.2

-0.7

18.6

5.3

5.4

17.9

11.4

11.6

11.9

11.1

12.1

13.2

14.5

15.1

14.7

15.9

17.0

8.3

9.2

8.8

9.8

10.4

11.8

13.4

12.9

13.8

14.8

k|ltzt

2.8

2.6

2.7

2.3

2.3

2.8

2.7

1.5

1.5

2.1

2.2

k|ltzt

17.1

16.7

17.4

17

18.4

19.8

22.2

21.8

21.5

22.1

23.8

/fh:j

u}/s/ /fh:j
lh=l8=kL=

s'n ;/sf/L vr{

xxi

59/60

60/61

61/62

62/63

66/67

67/68

k|ltzt

10.6

10.3

10.5

10.2

10.6

11.2

12.9

12.7

15.3

15.8

16.4

k|ltzt

4.5

4.3

4.6

4.5

5.5

6.6

7.4

7.6

3.4

3.4

3.9

k|ltzt

1.9

2.3

2.2

2.3

1.9

1.5

1.3

1.3

1.8

k|ltzt

3.3

3.2

3.4

3.1

3.1

2.8

2.7

2.4

2.2

2.3

k|ltzt

2.3

2.1

2.4

2.1

2.2

2.5

2.7

3.2

3.3

2.6

2.7

ah]6 3f6f lh=l8=kL= k|ltzt

j}b]lzs C0f

3.3

2.9

3.1

3.8

4.1

4.1

3.5

3.6

3.5

3.7

k|ltzt

0.9

1.4

1.6

1.3

1.4

1.1

0.9

0.9

0.7

1.5

k|ltzt

1.8

1.5

1.8

2.5

2.5

1.9

2.5

3.1

2.4

2.2

k|ltzt

3.2

3.5

3.4

3.6

3.6

3.7

3.2

3.3

2.7

2.8

?=ca{

308.1

318.9

314.4

337.7

332.7

375.6

425.1

440.4

443.6

523.2

511.1

?=ca{

60.0

84.6

86.1

94.7

103.8

116.0

125.7

148.1

184.2

213.9

211.7

?=ca{

223.4

232.8

219.6

233.97

216.6

250

277

256.2

259.6

309.3

299.4

12939.7 13209

12839

13602

13212 14711

16416

16773

15576

19484

18780

cfly{s jif{
lh=l8=kL=

rfn" vr{ lh=l8=kL=

k'FhLut vr{
lh=l8=kL=

;fFjf e'QmfgL vr{

lh=l8=kL=

C0f ;]jf -;fFjf /

Jofh e'QmfgL_

63/64 64/65 65/66

68/69 69/70*

lh=l8=kL=

j}b]lzs cg'bfg
lh=l8=kL=

lh=l8=kL=

cfGtl/s C0f
lh=l8=kL=

j}b]lzs C0f /
cg'bfg lh=l8=kL=
s'n ltg{ afFsL C0f
ltg{ afFsL cfGtl/s
C0f
ltg{ afFsL j}b]lzs
C0f
k|ltJolQm s'n ltg{
afFsL C0f

?=

xxii

59/60

60/61

61/62

62/63

k|ltzt

62.6

59.4

53.3

51.6

45.7

46.1

k|ltzt

17.2

16.0

16.1

15.9

15.9

k|ltzt

45.4

43.4

37.3

35.8

k|ltzt

397.4

373.5

313.2

323.7

k|ltzt

447.5

431.8

374.1

388.4

k|ltzt

31.1

31.2

32.0

30.5

29.7

k|ltzt

206.4

178.8

169.1

141.8

131.2

cfly{s jif{

s'n ltg{ afFsL C0f

lh=l8=kL=

ltg{ afFsL cfGtl/s

C0f lh=l8=kL=
ltg{ afFsL j}b]lzs
C0f lh=l8=kL=
ltg{ afFsL j}b]lzs
C0f /fh:j
ltg{ afFsL j}b]lzs
C0flgof{t
C0f ;]jf -;f+jf /
Jofh e'QmfgL_rfn"
vr{
ltg{ afFsL j}b]lzs
C0fljb]zL ljlgdo
;+lrlt

63/64 64/65 65/66

66/67

67/68

68/69 69/70*

43.0

36.9

32.3

34.1

30.1

15.4

15.0

15.4

13.4

13.9

12.4

29.8

30.6

27.9

21.5

18.9

20.1

17.6

247

232.3

197.9

160.4

130.8

126.6

103.6

364.8 421.8

409.2

421.2

403.5

416.5

587.0

24.9

21.1

15.2

14.3

14.5

117.6

97.4

95.3

95.4

70.4

66.0

d'b|f tyf a}+ls ##

jflif{s
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
lghL If]qtkm{
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
;/sf/tkm{sf] v'b shf{
kl/jt{g

cfGtl/s shf{

a}ls If]qsf] s'n

k|ltzt
shf{df lghL If]qtkm{sf]

10.4

9.9

13.8

15.1

11.7

21.3

27.1

17.2

14.6

9.0

8.9

13.2

14.3

14.2

23.6

12.3

24.3

29.0

14.2

13.9

11.3

15.6

5.9

-1.8

11.3

11.1

10.4

11.2

20.4

26.9

19.7

-0.3

-24.8

67.4

70.1

70.3

75.5

75.8

77.7

78.9

80.2

79.7

81.4

86.4

xxiii

59/60

60/61

61/62

62/63

66/67

67/68

8.6

12.2

6.6

14.2

12.2

21.6

27.3

8.0

5.2

18.5

1.6

2.2

11.1

8.8

13.1

7.4

19.9

25.5

13.0

1.9

20.1

8.3

25.0

14.5

2.2

12.3

22.8

25.0

30.5

7.6

11.4

15.7

-10.5

9.8

12.8

8.3

15.4

14.0

25.2

27.3

14.1

12.3

22.7

6.2

10.4

13.1

9.2

16.7

14.9

27.0

27.3

15.5

14.8

24.0

7.6

k|ltzt

45.5

45.9

47.5

49.3

49.5

53.6

56.2

66.8

66.4

66.7

63.7

k|ltzt

30.7

32.1

33.4

37.2

37.6

41.7

44.4

53.5

52.9

52.7

55.0

k|ltzt

11.9

10.7

10.8

10.9

10.8

10.7

10.6

11.4

11.9

10.6

7.2

k|ltzt

17.0

17.5

17.0

17.3

17.4

18.9

19.9

17.8

16.2

17.2

15.8

rNtL lgIf]k lh=l8=kL= k|ltzt

lj:t[t d'b|f k|bfo

5.5

5.7

5.3

5.4

6.0

6.6

7.2

6.1

5.9

6.1

4.9

k|ltzt

50.0

51.7

51.0

53.0

54.3

60.7

63.8

68.8

67.1

73.6

70.6

k|ltzt

32.9

34.2

34.0

35.7

36.9

41.8

43.9

51.0

50.8

56.4

54.8

cfly{s jif{

shf{sf] c+z
;+s'lrt d'b|f k|bfo Pd!_
d'b|f
rNtL lgIf]k
lj:t[t d'b|f k|bfo Pd@_
d'2tL / jrt lgIf]k
s'n cfGtl/s shf{
lh=l8=kL=

lghL If]qtkm{sf] shf{

lh=l8=kL=

;/sf/tkm{sf] v'b
shf{ lh=l8=kL=
;+s'lrt d'b|f k|bfo
lh=l8=kL=

lh=l8=kL=

d'2tL / jrt lgIf]k

lh=l8=kL=

jflif{s
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
kl/jt{g

63/64 64/65 65/66

jfo If]q
xxiv

68/69 69/70*

59/60

cfly{s jif{

66/67

67/68

14.2

-10.2

5.8

15.4

4.2

14.0

28.2

31.6

5.8

16.5

20.4

30.5

26.7

23.8

16.2

16.2

16.1

13.9

25.1

19.2

20.2

33.3

44.6

5.8

16.7

23.5

-42.3

-8.7

6.0

84.2

49.9

0.6

-12.5

24.8

4.0

62.4

-3.3

23.4

32.0

32.2

50.5

2.8

-14.4

-6.8

80.0

58.6

65.5

97.7

100.1

142.7

209.7

231.7

253.6

359.6

430.0

8.1

11.9

49.0

2.5

42.5

47.0

10.5

9.4

41.8

19.6

14.6

11.5

14.2

-0.9

23.7

41.4

-28.1

-12.9

76.0

26.5

10.0

10.0

9.2

8.2

7.3

6.9

5.1

4.7

4.8

4.0

25.4

25.4

26.6

26.8

27.2

28.8

31.4

28.9

29.6

29.0

35.4

35.3

35.8

34.9

34.5

35.6

36.5

33.6

34.4

33.0

-15.1

-15.3

-15.4

-17.4

-18.6

-19.9

-21.9

-26.3

-24.2

-24.9

-24.9

2.4

3.4

1.8

1.5

1.4

2.3

2.8

2.4

1.8

2.0

1.7

1.3

1.9

1.6

1.8

2.2

2.6

3.2

2.7

2.0

1.7

2.4

11.0

10.9

11.1

14.9

13.8

17.5

21.2

19.4

18.5

23.1

22.4

jflif{s
6.4
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
cfoft -j:t'_
15.8
kl/jt{g
lgof{tcfoft cg'kft k|ltzt 40.2
jflif{s
Jofkf/ 3f6f
23.1
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
ko{6g cfo
35.7
kl/jt{g
jflif{s
ko{6g Joo
7.7
kl/jt{g
ljk|]if0f cfo
?= ca{ 54.203
jflif{s
ljk|]if0f cfo
14.0
kl/jt{g
rfn" vftf ;Gt'ng
?= ca{
11.6
lgof{t lh=l8=kL=
k|ltzt
10.1
cfoft lh=l8=kL=
k|ltzt
25.3
s"n Jofkf/ lh=l8=kL= k|ltzt 35.4

lgof{t -j:t'_

Jofkf/ 3f6f
lh=l8=kL=

k|ltzt

ko{6g cfo lh=l8=kL= k|ltzt

ko{6g Joo lh=l8=kL= k|ltzt
ljk|]if0f cfo
lh=l8=kL=

k|ltzt

60/61

61/62

62/63

63/64 64/65 65/66

8.0

8.9

2.6

-1.4

-0.2

9.6

9.7

16.3

12.0

39.6

39.3

34.7

10.7

10.2

54.5

xxv

68/69 69/70*

59/60

60/61

61/62

62/63

k|ltzt

2.4

2.7

2.0

2.2

-0.1

2.9

zf]wgfGt/ jrt
?= ca{
ljb]zL ljlgdo ;+lrlt ?= ca{

4.4

16.0

5.7

25.6

5.9

108.2

130.2

129.9

165.0

165.1

cfly{s jif{

rfn" vftf ;Gt'ng

lh=l8=kL

63/64 64/65 65/66

66/67

67/68

68/69 69/70*

4.2

-2.4

-0.9

4.9

1.4

29.7

44.8

-3.3

2.2

131.6

11.8

212.6

286.5

268.9

272.2

439.5

453.6

jflif{s
2.2
20.3
-0.2
27.0
0.1
28.8
34.8
-5.4
1.2
61.5
8.0
kl/jt{g
;+lrltsf] cfoft wfGg] dlxgfsf]
Ifdtf
cfoft
10.7
11.8
10.7
11.5
10.6
11.7
12.2
8.7
8.4
11.6
10.2
j/fj/
j:t' cfoft
dlxgf
j:t' tyf ;]jf cfoft cfoft
9.2
9.9
9.0
9.7
8.7
9.4
10.0
7.4
7.3
10.3
8.7
j/fj/
! cd]l/sL
73.8
72.1
72.3
70.5
65.0
76.9
74.5
72.3
81.0
87.1
ljb]zL ljlgdo b/ 6 8n/= ?= 77.8
1
jflif{s k|f/lDes cg'dfg 2cfwf/ jif{ @)%&%*!)) 3cfwf/ jif{ @)^@^#!)) 4cfwf/ jif{ @)%^%&!)) 5cfwf/ jif{ @)^!^@!)) 6vl/b / ljqmL b/sf] jflif{s
cf};t,
*rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|fKt eP;Dd k|yd bz dlxgfsf] / cGosf] xsdf k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Ddsf] tYofdf cflwl/t,
## @)^& c;f/ b]lv ljsf; a{+s tyf ljQ sDkgLsf] tYof;d]t
@@)^* r}q dlxgfsf] a}+s ;]jf z'Ns 36fpg' cl3sf]
cf=j= @)^*^( b]lv IMF sf] GFS @))! sf] cfwf/df ul/Psf] k'ga{uL{s/0f cg';f/ ljut jif{x?df k'FhLut vr{ tkm{ b]vfOg] k'FhLut cg'bfg rfn' vr{tkm{ ;dfj]z ePsf]
/ ;+:yfgdf ePsf] ;/sf/sf] nufgL tyf C0f k'FhLut vr{af6 x6fOPsf] .
l6Kk0fL M lh=l8=kL=;Fusf] cg'kft lx;fj ubf{ pTkfbssf] k|rlnt d"Nosf] s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg;Fu ul/Psf] 5 . sltko k'/fgf tYofx ;d]t ;|f]taf6} ;+zf] wg eO{ cfPsf]n]
;f]xL cg'?k kl/dfh{g ul/Psf] 5 .

ljb]zL ljlgdo ;+lrlt

xxvi

cy{tGqsf k|d'v r'gf}tLx

cy{tGqsf k|d'v r'gf}tLx

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

d'n's cfly{s kn] ;d[4 agfpg pRrb/sf] cfly{s j[l4b/ xfl;n ug'{kg]{ / ;f] sf
nflu cfwf/ agfpg' kg]{ k|d'v r'gf}tL /x]sf] 5 . ljut bz jif{sf] cf};t j[l4b/
#=& k|ltzt /x]sf] ;Gbe{df o;df 7"nf] j[l4 xfl;n ug{ r'gf}tLk"0f{ 5 .
s[lif pTkfbgn] g]kfnsf] cfly{s j[l4b/nfO{ a9fpg jf 36fpg 7"nf] e"ldsf v]Nb5 .
ut jif{ s[lif pTkfbg a9L ePsfn] cfly{s j[l4b/ $=% k|ltzt x'g ;Sof] eg] rfn'
jif{ s[lif pTkfbgdf sdL cfPsf sf/0f of] #=^ k|ltztd} ;Lldt /xg k'u]sf] 5 .
t;y{ s[lif pTkfbg a9fO{ o; If]qsf] / ;du| cfly{s a[l4b/ a9fpg] sfo{
r'gf}tLk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 .
ul/aL d'n'ssf] k|d'v ;d:ofsf] kdf /x]sf] 5 . ljut tLg jif{sf] cjlwdf $=@
k|ltzt laGb'n] ul/aL 36fpg] nIo /x]sf] ePtf klg !=$ k|ltzt laGb'n] dfq emg{
;s]sf]n] cfufdL lbgdf ul/aL Go"gLs/0f sfo{ emg r'gf}tLk"0f{ x'g] b]lvG5 .
a9\bf] d'b|f:kmLltnfO{ afl~5t ;Ldfleq /fVg] sfo{ r'gf}tLk"0f{ /xFb} cfPsf] 5 .
pTkfbg / cfly{s j[l4sf nflu Pp6f ;Ldf;Ddsf] d"Noj[l4 cfjZos x'g] eP klg
d'n'sleq pTkfbg a9\g g;s]sf] cj:yf / cfoftLt j:t'dflysf] lge{/tf a9\g
uPsf] ;dosf] d'b|f:kmLlt eg] cfd hghLljsfsf nflu si6s/ x'g] ePsf]n]
o;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug'{ h/L x'G5 . xfn em08} !) k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf /x]sf]
d'b|f:kmLltnfO{ Pp6f lglZrt ;Ldfleq /fVg' kg]{ r'gf}tL sfod /x]sf] 5 .
a9\bf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/ 3f6f lrGtfsf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 . cfGtl/s pTkfbg /
pTkfbsTj a9\g g;s]sf] sf/0fn] lgof{t Jofkf/df ck]lIft j[l4 x'g ;s]sf] 5}g eg]
cfoftdf cfTolws j[l4 ePsf] 5 . o;n] Jofkf/ 3f6fsf] c jif]{gL a9\b} uO/x]sf]
5 . cfGtl/s pTkfbg j[l4 u/L Jofkf/ 3f6fdf sdL Nofpg] sfo{ yk r'gf}tLk"0f{
ag]sf] 5 .
;/sf/L lgsfoxsf] vr{sf] Ifdtfdf j[l4 x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ljlgof]hgsf] t'ngfdf
k"FhLut vr{ lgs} sd x'g] u/]sf] 5 . k"FhLut vr{ lagf ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/x
lgdf{0f ug{ g;lsg] ePsfn] ;/sf/L ljsf;sf] vr{ ug]{] Ifdtfdf j[l4 ug'{ lgtfGt
h/L 5 . rfn' vr{ ljlgof]hgsf] glhs k'Ug] t/ sd dfqfdf k'FhLut vr{ x'g]
k|j[lQsf] cGTo ug]{ r'gf}tL klg oBlk 5 .
;/sf/L vr{sf] k|fyldsLs/0f ug]{ sfo{ klg sl7g ePsf] 5 . ;j} h;f]
cfof]hgfsfo{qmdx k|yd k|fyldstfsf] sf]l6df /flvPsfn] ;a} cfof]hgf
sfo{qmd k|fyldstfdf k/]sf h:tf] b]lvPsf] 5 . o;n] vr{sf] k|fyldsLs/0f geO{
gtLhf k|fKtdf dfq xf]Og ;fj{hlgs vr{ Joj:yfkgdf ;d]t c;/ kf/]sf] 5 .
xxvii

t;y{ ;/sf/L vr{sf] k|fyldsLs/0f u/L ltgaf6 Psls[t / ;dGjofTds glthf

k|fKt ug'{ r'gf}tLk"0f{ jg]sf] 5 .
8.
pBf]u If]qsf] j[l4b/ lg/fzfhgs g} 5 . cfly{s ljsf;sf nflu cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg
ckl/xfo{ ePsfn] cf}Bf]lus jftfj/0f tof/ ub}{ cfGtl/s / jfx\o nufgLsf
;|f]txsf] dxQd pkof]u u/L cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg j[l4 ug]{, ;f] sf nflu cfjZos
pko'Qm dfgj;|f]t ljsf; ug]{, cf}Bf]lus k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ug]{, cf}Bf]lus
pTkfbgsf] ahf/ lj:tf/ ug]{ tyf cf}Bf]lus pTkfbsTj j[l4 ug]{ sfo{ r'gf}tLsf
kdf /x]sf 5g\ .
9.
j}b]lzs nufgLsf nflu pko'Qm gLltut tyf sfg'gL Joj:yf x'Fbfx'b} klg oy]i6
dfqfdf j}b]lzs nufgL lelqg ;s]sf] 5}g . t;y{ ljb]zL nufgLdf /x]sf] afwf tyf
c;xhkgfnfO{ x6fO{ kof{Kt dfqfdf j}b]lzs nufgL leqfpg' r'gf}tLsf] kdf /x]sf]
5.
10. ;a} nufgL ;/sf/L tj/af6 dfq u/]/ ;Dej x'b}g . o;sf nflu ;/sf/L / lghL
b'j} If]qsf] ;dGjofTds nufgL cfjZos x'G5 . k"jf{wf/ ljsf; nufot cGo If]qdf
;fj{hlgs lghL ;fem]bf/Lsf] cjwf/0ff cg'k nufgL a9fpg] / ;f] sf nflu
pko'Qm sfg'gL, gLltut, ;+/rgfut / sfo{ut Joj:yf ug]{ sfo{ r'gf}tLsf] kdf
/x]sf] 5 .
11. k"jf{wf/sf ljleGg If]qxdf nufgL a9fpg' cfjZos 5 . ;/sf/L vr{sf] ;|f]t
;Lldt ePsfn] ;/sf/L, lghL / j}b]lzs nufgLsf ;|f]txsf] pRrQd pkof]u u/L
k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ug]{ / ;f] sf dfWofdaf6 cfly{s ;fdflhs kfGt/0fsf] sfo{ cl3
a9fpg' kg]{ r'gf}tL klg sfod} 5 .
12. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx ;Fu t/ntfsf] ;d:of ;w} b]lvg] u/]sf] 5 . vf;u/L
ahf/sf] dfu cg';f/ tTsfn /0fgLlt agfpg] Ifdtfdf sdhf]/L b]lvPsfn] slxn]
cTolws t/ntf /xg] / slxn] t/ntf cToGt ;+s'lrt x'g] u/]sf] ;Gbe{df a}+s ty
ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] tT;DaGwL Ifdtf a9fO{ t/ntf Joj:yfkg ug'{ kg]{ r'gf}tL
sfod 5 .
13. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] ;+Vofdf j[l4 eO{ logsf] lgodg k|lqmof sl7g /
hl6n aGb} uPsf]n] ;dfg k|s[ltsf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxnfO{ Ps cfk;df
ufEg k|f]T;flxt ug'{ kg]{ 5 . To;}u/L ljQLo kx'Fr clej[l4 u/L ljQLo ;]jfsf]
lj:tf/nfO{ b]zJofkL agfpg] sfo{ yk r'gf}tLk"0f{ aGb} uPsf] 5 .
14. k'FhL ahf/sf] l:ylt ;fdfGo g} 5 . vf;u/L d'n'sleq 5l/P/ /x]sf] ;;fgf]
k'FhLnfO{ Pslqt u/L nufgL a9fpg o; ahf/sf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ x'g] ePtf klg
;Lldt Joj;fosf] dfq o; ahf/df pkl:ylt /x]sfn] k/Dk/fut / kfl/jfl/s
xxviii

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

Joj;fonfO{ ;d]t o; ahf/df k|j]z u/fpg] r'gf}tL Psflt/ 5 eg] k'FhL ahf/df
;+:yfut nufgL leqfpg] r'gf}tL csf{lt/ /x]sf] 5 .
ljQLo If]qsf] !% k|ltzt eGbf a9L lx:;f cf]u6]sf] ;xsf/L If]qdf ;do ;dodf
b]lvPsf] ;d:ofn] ;du| ljQLo If]qnfO{ g} ;z+lst t'Nofpg] u/]sf] 5 . art tyf
C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfxsf] lgodgsf] pko'Qm ;+oGq lgdf{0f u/L o;sf] ;jnLs/0f
ug'{ csf]{ r'gf}tL /x]sf] 5 .
jif]{gL >d ahf/df lelqg] >d zlQmsf] ;+Vof al9/x]sf] t/ d'n's leq /f]huf/Lsf]
cj;/ sd ePsfn] j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] qmd a9]sf] 5 . d'n'sleq} pTkfbg /
pTkfbsTj a9fpg / To:tf >dzlQmnfO{ :jb]zd} /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ lbnfpg' kg]{
r'gf}tL 5 .
k|To]s jif{ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] JolQmxsf] ;+:yf al9/x]sf] ;Gbe{df Psflt/
ltgaf6 k|fKt x'g] ljk|]if0fsf] ;Dk"0f{ /sdnfO{ pkef]udf dfq vr{ gu/L
pTkfbgzLn If]qdf ;d]t vr{ ug]{ ;+oGq tyf k4ltsf] ljsf; ug'{ kg]{ 5 eg]
csf{lt/ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ljf6 kms]{sf dfgj;|f]tsf] plrt Joj:yfkg ug]{ r'gf}tL
klg /x]sf] 5 .
ko{6g If]qdf k|r'/ ;Defjgf x'Fbfx'Fb} klg o;sf] plrt ljsf; ug{ g;lsPsf
sf/0fn] ko{6g If]qaf6 ;f]r]h:tf] pknlAw xfl;n ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . ko{6sLo
j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] ljsf;, ltgsf] ahfl/s/0f Pj+ kx'Fr j[l4sf dfWodaf6 ko{6g
If]qsf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ug]{ sfo{ r'gf}tLsf] kdf /x]sf] 5 .
;fdflhs kl/;"rsx ;sf/fTds b]lvP tfklg s'n hg;+Vofsf] 7"nf] lx:;f
;fdflhs ljsf;sf] b[li6n] 6f9} 5 . lzIff, :jf:Yo tyf vfg]kfgL / ;/;kmfO h:tf
;fdflhs ;]jfsf If]qxsf] ;dfg'kflts ljsf; ug]{ sfo{ r'gf}tLk"0f{ ePsf] 5 .
;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] Joj:yfkg hl6n aGb} uPsf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf]
jlu{s/0f u/L cfjZostf cg';f/ k'gM ;+/rgf, ljlgj]z jf vf/]hLsf] k|s[ofdf
n}hfg] / ToxfF sfo{/t sd{rf/Lxsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ sfo{ r'gf}tLsf] kdf /x]sf]
5 . sltko ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxn] cfgf] Joj;fo aGb u/]sf] s}of} jif{ eO;Sbf
klg /fHosf]ifaf6 ToxfF /x]sf sd{rf/LnfO{ tna, eQf jfkt 7"nf] /sd Joxf]l/b}
cfPsf] kl/k|]Ifdf of] ;d:ofnfO{ ;dod} xn ug]{ sfo{ yk r'gf}tLk"0f{ ag]sf] 5 .
/fhgLlts ;+qmd0f nlDab} uPsf sf/0f To;sf] c;/ cy{tGqdf ;d]t k/]sf] 5 .
ljz]ifu/L /fhgLlts sfo{;"rLn] cfly{s sfo{;"rLnfO{ 5fofFdf kf/]sf] ;Gbe{df
/fhgLlts ;+qmd0fnfO{ hlt;Sbf] l56f] lsgf/f nufO{ cfly{s sfo{;"rLdf d'n'ssf
;a} kIf Ps} 7fpFdf pleO{ cfly{s ljsf;sf sfo{xnfO{ ;xh 9n] cufl8 a9fpg'
d"n r'gf}tLsf] kdf /x]sf] 5 .
xxix

!= ;du| cfly{s l:ylt

!= ;du| cfly{s l:ylt

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

ljut s]xL jif{b]lv pRr, km/flsnf] / lbuf] cfly{s j[l4 xfl;n ub}{ ul/aL Go"gLs/0f
ug]{, ;dfj]zL ljsf; k|lqmof cjnDag u/L ;du| g]kfnLsf] hLjg:t/df
cg'e"tof]Uo kl/jt{g Nofpg] / d'n'snfO{ ;d'Ggt /fi6sf]] k\lQmdf k'ofpg cfwf/
to ug]{ u/L cfly{s ;fdflhs ljsf;sf lqmofsnfkxnfO{ cufl8 a9fOPsf] 5 .
o;sf nflu gLltut, sfg'gL Pj+ ;+/rgfut Joj:yf ug'[{sf ;fy} ljsf; k|of;df
;/sf/L, lghL If]qsf ;fy} ;xsf/L Pj+ cGt/f{li6o ljsf; ;fem]bf/xsf] e"ldsfnfO{
;d]t :ki6 kfl/Psf] 5 . :yfgLo ;|f]t ;fwgsf] kl/rfng ub}{ ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t
ljsf; lqmofsnfkxnfO{ ;d]t k|f]T;flxt ul/P cg'k tL sfo{xsf] k|ltkmn
;d]t ;sf/fTds b]lvPsf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd bz dlxgf;Ddsf] tYofnfO{ x]bf{ d'n'ssf] ;du|
cfly{s l:ylt ;fdfGotM ;sf/fTds g} /x]sf] 5 . tyflk, s]xL cfly{s kl/;"rsx
eg] sdhf]/ /x]sf 5g\ . ljz]if u/L Go"g cfly{s j[l4, a9\bf] Jofkf/ 3f6f /
d'b|f:kmLlt b/nfO{ jfl~5t ;Ldfleq /fVg g;lsg' ;d:of tyf r'gf}tLsf] kdf
/x]sf 5g\ . oL tLg j6} r'gf}tLxnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ d'n'sleqsf] pTkfbsTj /
pTkfbg a9fpg' kg]{ cfjZostf b]lvPsf] 5 .
ul/aL Go"gLs/0fnfO{ d'n'sn] k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] sf/0f cfly{s jif{ @)$(%)
b]lv cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& ;Ddsf]] cjlwdf ul/aLsf] /]vfd'lg /x]sf hg;+Vofsf]
b/df @$ k|ltzt laGb'n] sdL cfPsf] 5 . of] cjlwdf jflif{s cf};t !=$ k|ltzt
laGb'sf b/n] 36]sf] ul/aLsf] b/df To;kl5sf] tLg jif{df eg] jflif{s cf};t )=$&
k|ltzt laGb'n] dfq sdL cfpg ;s]sf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{df @#=* k|ltzt
hg;+Vof ul/aLsf] /]vfd'lg /x]sf] cg'dfg 5 .
cfly{s j[l4 / ul/aL Ps cfk;df ;DalGwt /x]sf x'G5g\ . ;fdfGotM cfly{s j[l4b/
a9\bf ul/aL 36\g] dfGotf /x]sf] 5 . laut 8]9 bzssf] tYof x]bf{ eg] cfly{s
j[l4b/ pRr g/xFbf klg ul/aLdf pNn]Vo sdL cfpg ;s]sf] x'Fbf cfly{s j[l4b/
a9fpg ;lsPdf ul/aL 36fpg] sfo{ cem ;xh x'g hfg] b]lvG5 . cfly{s j[l4 pRr
gePsf g]kfnLsf] k|ltJolQm cfodf ;d]t ljutsf jif{xdf pNn]Vo j[l4 x'g ;s]sf]
5}g . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|rlnt d"Nodf g]kfnLsf] k|lt JolQm cfo ?= ^@ xhf/ %
;o !) k'u]sf] cg'dfg 5 . cd]l/sL 8n/;Fu g]kfnL d'b|fsf] cjd"Nog ePsf sf/0f
@)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf k|lt JolQm cfo & ;o !& cd]l/sL 8n/ /x]sf]df @)&)
c;f/sf] klxnf] xKtfdf cfOk'Ubf ^ ;o %* cd]l/sL 8n/df em/]sf] b]lvG5 . cfly{s
jif{ @)^&^* df o:tf] cfo & ;o !* cd]l/sL 8n/ k'u]sf] lyof] .
1

s[lif
pBf]u
;]jf
s'n

cf};t

2069/70

2068/69

2067/68

2066/67

2065/66

2064/65

2060/61

2063/64

cfly{s j[l4b/sf lx;fan] ljt]sf] bzs g]kfnsf nflu pT;fxhgs /x]g . cfly{s
jif{ @)^$^% df %=* k|ltztsf] cfly{s j[l4 x'g' afx]s cGo jif{xdf o;sf]
j[l4b/ $ jf ;f] eGbf sd k|ltzts} xf/fxf/Ldf dfq /Xof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^#^$
df t of] j[l4b/ @=* k|ltzt dfq lyof] . ctM ljut bz jif{sf] cjlwdf cf};tdf
$=) k|ltztsf] dfq cfly{s j[l4b/ xfl;n x'g ;Sof] . o; cjlwdf If]qut j[l4
klg pT;fxhgs /x]g . s[lif, pBf]u / ;]jf If]qsf] j[l4b/ cf};tdf qmdzM #=#
k|ltzt, @=& k|ltzt / %=# k|ltzt dfq /xg uof] .
tflnsf ! -s_ M Ps bzssf] cfly{s j[l4
2062/63

1.6

2061/62

d'n'sleqsf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjdf j[l4 geO{ pRr cfly{s j[l4 x'g ;Sb}g . rfn'
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf %=% k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g] nIo
/flvPsf]df k|f/lDes tYofxn] of] j[l4b/ cfwf/e"t d"Nodf #=%^ / pTkfbssf]
d"Nodf #=^% k|ltzt x'g] b]vfPsf 5g\ . ut cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df cfwf/e"t
d"Nodf o:tf] j[l4b/ $=$* k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] eg] cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df
#=*% k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] . nlDaFbf] /fhgLlts ;+j|md0f, cf}Bf]lus jftfj/0fdf
b]lvPsf] ;d:of, lghL nufgLsf] sdL, pmhf{ ;+s6, a}+s shf{sf] lj:tf/df sdL
h:tf sf/0fn] cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgdf j[l4 x'g g;s]sfn] u}/ s[lif If]qsf] cfly{s
lj|mofsnfkdf ck]lIft j[l4 x'g g;sL of] If]qsf] cfly{s j[l4b/ $=(* k|ltzt dfq
/xg k'Uof] . s[liftkm{ ;dodf dg;'gL jiff{ gx'g' / lxpFb] jiff{ klg kof{Kt gx'gfn]
vfBf pTkfbgdf sdL cfO{ !=@^ k|ltztsf] dfq j[l4b/ sfod x'g ;Sof] .

cfly{s jif{

1.5

4.7

3.5

1.9

1.0

5.8

3.0

2.0

4.5

5.0

1.3

3.3

1.5

2.9

4.4

4.0

1.6

-0.6

4.0

4.4

3.0

1.5

2.7

6.8

3.3

5.6

4.5

7.3

6.0

5.8

3.4

4.5

6.0

5.3

4.4

3.2

3.7

2.8

5.8

3.9

4.3

3.8

4.5

3.6

4.0

;|f]t M cy{ dGqfno

1.7

ljut bzssf] ;du| cfly{s j[l4df ;]jf If]qsf] of]ubfg pNn]vgLo /x]sf] 5 . o;
cjlwsf b'O{ jif{xdf afx]s cGo ;a} jif{xdf ;]jf If]qsf] j[l4b/ $=% k|ltzt jf
;f] eGbf dfly g} /x]sf] 5 . o; cjlwdf s[lif If]qsf] j[l4b/df eg] lgs} g}
ptf/r9fj b]lvPsf] 5 . s[lif If]qdf nuftf/ rf/ k|ltzteGbf dflysf] j[l4b/
ePsf] cj:yf Psk6s dfq cfpg'n] s[lif If]qsf] j[l4b/sf] k|jl[Q cl:y/ b]lvPsf]
5 . of] bzsdf g} pBf]u If]qsf] j[l4b/n] kfFr k|ltztsf] c 5'g ;s]g . pBf]u
If]qdf cfly{s jif{ @)^%^^ df t emg\ C0ffTds j[l4b/ ;d]t /xg uof] .
2

tTkZrft\ s]xL
rf6{ ! -s_ Ps bzssf] cfly{s j[l4b/
a9\g
uPsf]
pBf]u
If]qsf]
j[l4b/df ut
cfly{s jif{b]lv
k'gM sdL cfpg
yfn]sf] b]lvG5 .
k|rlnt d"Nodf
rfn'
cfly{s
jif{df
s'n
ufx{:y pTkfbg
ut
jif{sf]
t'ngfdf !)=* k|ltztn] a9L ?= !& va{ ! ca{ k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf]
t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf !!=& k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{
?= !% va{ #^ ca{ k'u]sf] lyof] .
ljZjLs/0fsf] jt{dfg ;dodf ljZj cy{tGqdf b]lvPsf] kl/jt{gn] g]kfnsf]
cy{tGqdf ;d]t :jfefljs kdf k|efj kfb{5 . t;y{, d'n'ssf] cfly{s j[l4nfO{
ljZn]if0f ubf{ ljZjsf] cfly{s j[l4nfO{ klg ;Fu;Fu} ljZn]if0f ug'{ h/L x'G5 .
;g\ @)!! sf] t'ngfdf ;g\ @)!@ df ljZjsf] cfly{s j[l4b/df sdL cfPsf] 5 .
cGt/f{li6o d'b|fsf]ifn] ;g\ @)!# sf] clk|ndf k|sflzt u/]sf] ljZj cfly{s kl/b[Zo
-World Economic Outlook_ sf cg';f/ ;g\ @)!! df ljZj pTkfbg $=)
k|ltztn] a9]sf]df ;g\ @)!@ df #=@ k|ltztn] dfq a9]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . If]qut
kdf x]bf{ dWok"j{ tyf pQ/L clk|msfsf] afx]s cGo ;a} If]qsf] j[l4b/df ;g\
@)!! sf] t'ngfdf sdL cfPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ljZj cy{tGqdf ck]lIft ;'wf/
gcfO;s]sf], o'/f]ksf] C0f ;+s6 sfod} /x]sf], ljZjsf pbLodfg cy{tGqxsf]
cfly{s j[l4b/df sdL cfPsf] h:tf sf/0fxn] ;g\ @))& )( df b]lvPsf]
ljZjJofkL dGbLdf ;'wf/ b]lvPtf klg cfufdL jif{;Dd klg ljZj pTkfbgsf]
j[l4b/df vf;} j[l4 gx'g] k|If]k0f ul/Psf] 5 . cGt/f{li6o d'b|fsf]ifn] u/]sf] k|If]k0f
cg';f/ ;g\ @)!# / ;g\ @)!$ df ljZjsf] pTkfbg j|mdzM #=# / $=) k|ltzt x'g]
b]lvPsf] 5 .
;g\ @)!@ df ;a}h;f] If]qsf] j[l4b/df sdL g} cfPsf] ePtf klg k"jf{g'dfg
adf]lhd g} dWo / k"jL{ o'/f]ksf] j[l4b/df #=^ k|ltzt laGb'sf] ef/L lu/fj6 cfPsf]
5 . o; If]qsf] pTkfbgdf !=^ k|ltztn] dfq j[l4 ePsf] lyof] . ljsl;t
d'n'sxdWo] o'/f]lkog o'lgogdf cfa4 d'n'sxsf] cfly{s j[l4b/df ;g\ @)!! sf]
t'ngfdf ;g\ @)!@ df !=* k|ltzt laGb'n] sdL cfO{ C0ffTds j[l4b/ sfod
.
.
.

j[l4b/

.
.
.

1.8

-.

1.9

1.10

1.11

1.12

ePsf] 5 . o'/f]k]nL d'n'sxdWo] O6fnL / :k]gsf] j[l4b/ C0ffTds /x]sf] 5 eg]

k|mfG;sf] j[l4b/ z"Go 5 .
cd]l/sL cy{tGqdf ePsf] ;'wf/sf] kmn:jk ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfsf] s'n
pTkfbgdf !=$ k|ltzt laGb'n] j[l4 eO{ @=@ k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . cd]l/sL
d'n'sxdWo] Sofg8f, d]lS;sf] / a|flhnsf] j[l4b/df eg] ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf sdL
cfO{ j|mdzM !=*, #=( / )=( k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . hfkfgsf] j[l4b/df klg ;'wf/ cfO{
@ k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 eg] blIf0f k"jL{ PlzofnL /fi6xsf] j[l4b/df !=% k|ltzt
laGb'n] j[l4 eO{ ^=! k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . 7"nf PlzofnL cy{tGqdWo] rLg / ef/tsf]
j[l4b/df ;d]t sdL cfO{ j|mdzM &=* / $=) k|ltztsf] dfq j[l4 ePsf] 5 .
ljZjsf] cfly{s j[l4b/sf] k|jl[QnfO{ tflnsf !-v_ df b]vfOPsf] 5 .
tflnsf ! -v_M ljZjsf] cfly{s j[l4b/
-jflif{s k|ltzt kl/jt{g_
2010

If]q
ljZjsf] pTkfbg
ljsl;t cy{tGqx
pbLodfg tyf ljsf;zLn
cy{tGqx
ljsf;f]Gd'v Plzof
dWok"j{ tyf pQ/ clk|msL
d'n'sx
dWo tyf k"jL{ o'/f]k]nL
d'n'sx
o'/f]lkog o'lgogsf d'n'sx

2011

2012

k|If]k0f
2013

2014

2018

5.2

4.0

3.2

3.3

4.0

4.5

3.0

1.6

1.2

1.2

2.2

2.5

7.6

6.4

5.1

5.3

5.7

6.2

9.9

8.1

6.6

7.1

7.3

7.7

5.5

4.0

4.8

3.1

3.7

4.6

4.6

5.2

1.6

2.2

2.8

3.8

2.0

1.6

0.2-

0.0

1.3

2.0

;|f]tM cGt/f{li6o d'b|fsf]if, @)!#

1.13

;g\ @)!@ df blIf0f PlzofnL d'n'sxdWo] ckmuflg:tfg, e'6fg, g]kfn /

kfls:tfgsf] cfly{s j[l4b/df a9f]Q/L ePsf] 5 . ;g\ @)!@ sf] h'nfO{;Dd cyf{t\
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] tYofnfO{ cfwf/ dflgPsf] sf/0f ;g\ @)!@ df g]kfnsf]
j[l4b/ a9]sf] b]lvPsf] xf] . ;g\ @)!) df bf]xf]/f] csf] cfly{s j[l4 u/]sf ef/t /
e'6fg b'j}sf] j[l4b/df sdL cfPsf] 5 . blIf0f PlzofnL d'n'sxsf] cy{tGqnfO{
o'/f]k]nL / cd]l/sL d'n'sxsf] cfly{s j[l4n] ;Lwf k|efj kfg]{ ePsfn] tL
d'n'sxsf] cfly{s j[l4n] ;d]t of] If]qsf] j[l4b/df sdL cfPsf] b]lvG5 . To;}u/L
blIf0f PlzofnL d'n'ssf] glhssf] / ;g\ @))) sf] bzsdf bf]xf]/f] j[l4b/sf]
sLlt{dfg /fv]sf] rLgsf] j[l4b/df ;d]t ;g\ @)!@ df sdL cfPsf]5 . l5d]sL
d'n'sxsf] cfly{s j[l4b/sf] k|jl[QnfO{ tflnsf !-u_ df b]vfOPsf] 5 .
4

tflnsf ! -u_M l5d]sL d'n'sxsf] cfly{s j[l4b/

-jflif{s k|ltzt kl/jt{g_
2010

d'n's
ckmuflg:tfg
a+unfb]z
e'6fg
ef/t
dflNbE;
g]kfn
kfls:tfg
>Ln+sf
rLg

2011

2012

k|If]k0f
2013

2014

2018

8.4

7.0

10.2

3.1

4.8

4.8

6.4

6.5

6.1

6.0

6.4

7.2

11.7

8.5

9.7

6.3

8.6

10.0

11.2

7.7

4.0

5.7

6.2

7.0

7.1

7.0

3.5

3.8

4.0

4.1

4.8

3.9

4.6

3.0

4.0

4.1

3.1

3.0

3.7

3.5

3.3

3.0

8.0

8.2

6.4

6.3

6.7

6.5

10.4

9.3

7.8

8.0

8.2

8.5

;|f]tM cGt/f{li6o d'b|fsf]if, @)!#

pkef]Qmf d"No
1.14

lg/Gt/sf] d"Noj[l4 s'g} klg d'n'ssf nflu cj;/ / r'gf}tL b'j} xf] . pTkfbsnfO{
k|f]T;flxt ug]{ ePsfn] o;nfO{ cj;/sf] kdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 eg] cfly{s j[l4
Go"g eO{ pkef]Qmfsf] cfo:t/df j[l4 gx'Fbf eg] d'b|f:kmLltn] cfd hgtfsf] b}lgs
hLjgofkgdf gsf/fTds k|efj kfb{5 . df}lb|s / ljQLo gLltsf] ;dGjoaf6
d'b|f:kmLltnfO{ jfl~5t ;Ldfleq /fVg' kg]{ ePklg cfk"lt{hGo ;d:of xn ug]{ /
k|zf;lgs lgoGq0fsf pkfox cjnDag ug]{ sfo{ klg ;Fu;Fu} n}hfg'kg]{ b]lvG5 .
df}lb|s tyf ljQLo pkfoxsf] sf/0fn] d'b|f:kmLlt ga9]tf klg cfk"lt{hGo ;d:ofn]
ubf{ g]kfnsf] d'b|:kmLlt b/ cem klg pRr g} /x]sf] 5 . ljut bzssf] klxnf] kfFr
jif{sf] jflif{s d'b|f:kmLlt cf};tdf % k|ltzt eGbf sd g} /x]sf]df kl5Nnf] kfFr
jif{sf] cjlwdf eg] o;df 7"nf] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^%^^ df !@=^
k|ltztn] a9]sf] d'b|f:kmLlt b/ To;kl5sf jif{xdf s]xL 36] klg em08} bf]xf]/f]
c+ssf] xf/fxf/Ldf /x]sf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df *=# k|ltztdf /x]sf]
d'b|f:kmLlt b/ rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] klxnf] bz dlxgf;Dddf cf};t
(=(* k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .

1.15

ljZjsf] cy{tGqdf j|mdzM x'gyfn]sf] ;'wf/ tyf ljZjJofkL dGbLdf b]lvPsf] ;'wf/n]
ubf{ ;du| dfudf j[l4 ePsfn] ;g\ @)!@ df ljZjsf] d"Noj[l4df s]xL sdL cfPsf]
5 . ljz]ifu/L cd]l/sL cy{tGqdf cfPsf] ;'wf/ / hfkfgsf] j[l4b/df b]lvPsf]
;sf/fTds k|efjn] d"Noj[l4nfO{ :yL/ agfpg ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 . o'/f]k]nL C0f ;+s6
Pj+ clk|msL tyf dWok"jL{ d'n'sxdf pTkGg czflGtsf sf/0fn] tL If]qsf
5

d'n'sxdf eg] d"Noj[l4b/df a9f]Q/L ePsf] 5 . dWok"j{ tyf clk|msL d'n'sxdf

t d"Noj[l4 b/ bf]xf]/f] cdf /x]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)!! sf] cGTob]lv cd]l/sL 8n/
alnof] x'Fb} uPsf] / ;'gnufotsf ax'd"No wft'sf] d"Nodf ePsf] j[l4n] cfoftLt
j:t' tyf ;]jfdf lge{/ /xg] d'n'sxsf] d'b|f:kmLltdf rfk kg{ uPsf] 5 .
cGt/f{li6o d'b|fsf]ifn] o:tf] d'b|f:kmLlt cfufdL jif{xdf j|mdzM 36\b} hfg] k|If]k0f
u/]sf] 5 . pkef]Qmf d"Nodf cfwfl/t ljZjsf] d'b|f:kmLlt b/sf] k|jl[QnfO{ tflnsf
!-3_ df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf ! -3_M pkef]Qmf d"Nodf cfwfl/t ljZjsf] d'b|f:kmLlt b/
-k|ltzt_
2010

If]q

2011

2012

k|If]k0f
2013

2014

2018

ljsl;t cy{tGqx

1.5

2.7

2.0

1.7

2.0

2.1

pbLodfg tyf
ljsf;zLn cy{tGqx

6.0

7.2

5.9

5.9

5.6

4.8

ljsf;f]Gd'v Plzof

5.6

6.4

4.5

5.0

5.0

3.9

dWok"j{ tyf pQ/

clk|msL d'n'sx

6.5

9.2

10.7

9.6

9.0

7.3

dWo tyf k"jL{ o'/f]k]nL

d'n'sx

5.3

5.3

5.8

4.4

3.6

3.6

o'/f]lkog o'lgogsf
d'n'sx

2.0

3.1

2.6

1.9

1.8

1.8

;|f]tM cGt/f{li6o d'b|fsf]if, @)!#

1.16

ljZjsf ;a} d'n'sxdf a9]sf] d'b|f:kmLltsf] k|efj blIf0f PlzofnL d'n'sxdf klg
k/]sf] 5 . vf;u/L ljZjsf cGo d'n'sx;Fu oL d'n'sxsf] Jofkl/s lge{/tf,
ax'd'No wft' / k]6f]lnod kbfy{df ePsf] d"Noj[l4 Pj+ cd]l/sL 8n/ alnof] x'Fb}
uPsf]n] Jofkf/df k/]sf] rfkn] ubf{ d'b|f:kmLlt klg pRr b/df /xg k'u]sf] 5 .
tyflk, s]xL jif{xdf bf]xf]/f] csf] d"Noj[l4 Joxf]/]sf blIf0f PlzofnL d'n'sxsf]
d'b|f:kmLlt s]xL jif{otf Ps cdf ;Lldt /xg k'u]sf] 5 . oBlk dflNbE; /
kfls:tfgdf eg] bf]xf]/f] cs} d"Noj[l4 sfod /x]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{ ck|Toflzt
kdf pRr d"Noj[l4 Joxf]/]sf] rLgsf] d'b|f:kmLlt b/df ;g\ @)!@ df @=* k|ltzt
laGb'n] sdL cfPsf] 5 . tflnsf !-_ df pkef]Qmf d"Nodf cfwfl/t l5d]sL
d'n'sxsf] d'b|f:kmLlt b/sf] k|jl[QnfO{ k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
6

tflnsf ! -_M pkef]Qmf d"Nodf cfwfl/t l5d]sL d'n'sxsf] d'b|f:kmLlt b/

d'n's

2010

ckmuflg:tfg
a+unfb]z
e'6fg
ef/t
dflNbE;
g]kfn
kfls:tfg
>Ln+sf
rLg

7.1
8.1
7.0
12.0
6.1
9.5
10.1
6.2
3.3

2011
10.4
10.7
8.9
8.9
11.3
9.6
13.7
6.7
5.4

-k|ltzt_

2012
4.4
8.7
9.7
9.3
10.9
8.3
11.0
7.5
2.6

2013
6.1
6.5
10.2
10.8
5.8
9.6
8.2
7.9
3.0

k|If]k0f
2014
5.8
6.2
9.1
10.7
5.1
8.3
9.5
7.1
3.0

2018
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.7
4.4
5.5
11.8
5.5
3.0

;|f]tM cGt/f{li6o d'b|fsf]if, @)!#

1.17

ljsl;t / cf}Bf]lus d'n'sxsf] s'n oyfy{ ufx{:y dfudf eO/x]sf] x|f;n] ljZjsf]
cy{tGq c} klg ;sf/fTdstflt/ guO;s]sf]tkm{ O+lut ub{5 . ;g\ @))&)( sf]
ljZjJofkL dGbL / xfnsf jif{xdf b]lvPsf] cy{tGqsf] ;d:ofxn] ubf{ pTkfbgdf
sdL cfPsf] / /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/df ;d]t sdL cfPsf sf/0fn] ljsl;t / cf}Bf]lus
d'n'sxsf] s'n oyfy{ ufx{:y dfusf] j[l4b/df sdL cfPsf] 5 . t/ cy{tGqdf
;'wf/ u/]sf ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sf / hfkfgsf] dfudf eg] j[l4 ePsf] 5 .
cGt/f{li6o d'b|fsf]ifn] o:tf] dfudf ;g\ @)!# df sdL g} cfpg] k|If]k0f u/]sf] 5 .
o'/f]k]nL d'n'sxsf] dfudf C0ffTds j[l4 x'g] k|If]k0f ul/Psf]5 . tflnsf !-r_ df
ljZjsf s]xL ljsl;t d'n'sxsf] s'n oyfy{ ufx{:y dfudf ePsf] k|jl[Q
kl/jt{gnfO{ b]vfOPsf] 5 .
tflnsf ! -r_M s'n oyfy{ ufx{:y dfu
2010

If]q
ljsl;t cy{tGqx
;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sf
o'/f]k]nL d'n'sx
;+o'Qm clw/fHo
Sofgf8f
hfkfg

2.9
2.8
1.3
2.3
5.2
2.9

2011
1.3
1.7
0.5
-0.6
2.9
0.3

-jflif{s k|ltzt kl/jt{g_

2012
1.0
2.1
-2.2
1.2
2.2
2.9

2013
1.0
1.7
-1.2
1.1
1.6
1.9

k|If]k0f

2014
2.0
3.0
0.8
1.6
2.1
0.9

2018
2.4
3.0
1.5
2.2
1.9
1.0

;|f]tM cGt/f{li6o d'b|fsf]if, @)!#

1.18

ljsl;t d'n'sxsf] dfudf cfPsf] sdLn] tL d'n'sx;Fu Jofkfl/s ;DaGw ePsf

d'n'sxsf] dfudf sdL cfpg uO{ Psflt/ lgof{tdf sdL cfpF5 eg] csf{lt/
7

o:tf d'n'sxdf /f]huf/Lsf nflu hfg] >ldssf] dfudf ;d]t sdL cfpFb5 .
o;af6 g]kfnh:tf ;fgf cy{tGq ePsf d'n'sxnfO{ gsf/fTds c;/ kb{5 . s'n
oyfy{ dfusf] j[l4b/df cfPsf] sdLn] ubf{ cfly{s lj|mofsnfkxdf sdL cfpg] /
Jofkf/, pTkfbg tyf /f]huf/Ldf ;d]t sdL cfpg] ePsfn] o;af6 ;du| cy{tGqdf
gsf/fTds c;/ kb{5 . vf;u/L ;g\ @)!@ df ;d]t o:tf d'n'sxsf] cfGtl/s
dfusf] j[l4b/df pNn]Vo j[l4 gx'g] b]lvPsfn] o;sf] c;/ sfod} /xg] b]lvG5 .
tyflk ljZjsf] cy{tGqdf j|mdzM ;'wf/ x'Fb} u/]sf]n] o:tf] dfudf j[l4 x'g] ck]Iff
ug{ ;lsG5 .

cfGt/f{li6o Jofkf/
1.19

jt{dfg ;dodf s'g} klg d'n's ljZjdf cGo d'n's;Fu cnu /x]/ a:g ;Sb}g .
cfly{s ljsf;sf nflu Pj+ csf{dfly e/ kg'{kg]{, t'ngfTds / k|lt:kwL{ nfe ePsf
j:t' / ;]jfsf] pTkfbg / Jofkf/ u/L d'n'ssf] cfkm\g} / ljZjsf] ;du| cfly{s
lqmofsnfknfO{ a9fjf lbg] ul/G5 . g]kfnsf] cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/ kl5Nnf jif{xdf
sdhf]/ /x]sf] tYofxn] b]vfpF5g\ . ljut bzsdf cfoftsf] c cTolws kdf
a9\b} uPsf] t/ lgof{t ;f] cg'k ga9]sf sf/0f cfoft lgof{t aLrsf] vf8n a9\b}
uO{ Jofkf/ 3f6fdf 7"nf] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . o;n] Psflt/ rfn' vftf artnfO{ Go"g
l:yltdf /fv]sf] 5 eg] csf{lt/ g]kfnL d'b|fsf] ljb]zL d'b|f;Fu ePsf] cjd"Nogsf
sf/0f cfoftLt j:t'xsf] d"Nodf rfk kg{ uO{ cfGtl/s d"Noj[l4 ;d]t pRr x'g
k'u]sf] 5 .

1.20

s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf v'b lgof{tsf] c+z cfly{s jif{ @)%*%( df !)=*
k|ltztn] C0ffTds /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df @*=% k|ltzt n]
C0ffTds /xg uPsf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{df o:tf] c+z @#=$ k|ltzt lyof] . o;n]
xfd|f] Jofkf/ 3f6f a9\b} uPsf] / Jofkf/ 3f6fsf] c+z s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf a9\b}
uPsf] b]vfpF5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf lgof{t / cfoftsf] c+z
j|mdzM !!=# / #*=* k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)%*%( sf] s'n ufx{:y
pTkfbgdf lgof{t / cfoftsf] c+z j|mdzM !&=& / @*=% k|ltzt /x]sf]df rfn'
jif{sf] o:tf] c+zdf j|mdzM &=$ k|ltzt laGb'n] sd / !)=# k|ltzt laGb'n] a9L
ePsf] 5 . o;n] g]kfnsf] cfoftdf pNn]Vo j[l4 ePsf] t/ lgof{t ;f] cg'k x'g
g;s]sf]tkm{ O+lut ub{5 . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df o:tf] c+z j|mdzM ##=$ k|ltzt /
!) k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] .
ljsl;t d'n'sxsf] cfGtl/s dfudf cfPsf] x|f;sf] c;/ ljZj Jofkf/df klg
b]lvPsf] 5 . ;g\ @)!! sf] t'ngfdf ;g\ @)!@ df j:t' / ;]jfsf] ljZj Jofkf/
kl/df0f j[l4b/df 7"nf] lu/fj6 cfPsf] 5 . ;g\ @)!@ df j:t' / ;]jfsf] s'n Jofkf/
kl/df0fdf @=% k|ltzt dfq j[l4 ePsf] 5 hals ;g\ @)!! df o:tf] j[l4 ^=)
k|ltzt lyof] . ;g\ @)!) df o:tf] j[l4 !@=% k|ltzt lyof] . ljsl;t d'n'sxsf]
Jofkfl/s lj|mofsnfkdf cfPsf] x|f;n] pbLodfg cy{tGq / ljsf;zLn d'n'sxsf]

1.21

Jofkf/ ;Gt'ngdf ;d]t ;sf/fTds k|efj kfg{ ;s]sf] b]lvPg . ljsl;t cy{tGq
Pj+ pbLodfg cy{tGqxsf] Jofkf/ ;Gt'ng ;g\ @)!! sf] t'ngfdf ;g\ @)!@ df
j|mdzM )=& k|ltztn] 36]sf] / )=@ k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)!@ df ljZje/df
s'n @@,$!# ca{ 8n/ a/fa/sf] j:t' / ;]jfsf] Jofkf/ ePsf] 5 . of] Jofkf/ ;g\
@)!! sf] t'ngfdf )=^ k|ltztn] dfq a9L xf] . tflnsf !-5_ n] ljZj Jofkf/sf]
k|jl[Qut kl/jt{gnfO{ b]vfpFb5 .
tflnsf ! -5_ M ljZj Jofkf/sf] l:ylt
2010

s'n Jofkf/ ljZj

kl/df0f
lgof{t
ljsl;t cy{tGq
pbLodfg / ljsf;zLn
cy{tGqx
cfoft
ljsl;t cy{tGq
pbLodfg / ljsf;zLn
cy{tGqx
Jofkf/
ljsl;t cy{tGq
;Gt'ng
pbLodfg / ljsf;zLn
cy{tGqx
s'n Jofkf/ /sd -ca{ cd]l/sL 8n/_
s'n j:t' Jofkf/ /sd - ca{ cd]l/sL
8n/_

2011

2012

-jflif{s k|ltzt kl/jt{g_

k|If]k0f

12.5

6.0

2.5

2013
3.6

2014
5.3

12.1
13.3

5.6
6.4

1.9
3.7

2.8
4.8

4.6
6.5

11.5
14.8

4.7
8.6

1.0
4.9

2.2
6.2

4.1
7.3

-1.0

-1.6

-0.7

0.2

0.1-

2.7

3.3

0.2

-0.5

-0.9

18904
15175

22276
18154

22413
18255

23487
19056

24633
19932

;|f]tM cGt/f{li6o d'b|fsf]if, @)!#

1.22

rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] cBfjlws tYofsf cfwf/df ljleGg If]q / pkIf]qxsf]

l:yltnfO{ o;kl5sf pkv08xdf lj:t[t kdf ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 .

s[lif If]q
1.23

o;jif{ df};d cg's'n g/x]sf] / dg;'gsf] ;lj|motf ck]lIft cjlw;Dd g/x]sf]n]

wfgafnLsf] pTkfbgdf !! k|ltztn] sdL cfPsf], lxpFb] jiff{ pNn]Vo gePsfn]
lxpFb] afnLsf] pTkfbgdf ;d]t pNn]Vo j[l4 x'g g;s]sf], ds}sf] pTkfbgdf *
k|ltztn] x|f; cfPsf], tyf /f;folgs dnsf] ljt/0fdf ck]lIft ;'wf/ x'g g;s]sf]
sf/0f s[lif pTkfbgdf vf;} j[l4 x'g g;sL s[lif If]qsf] j[l4b/ !=# k|ltzt dfq
/xg] cg'dfg 5 . ut cfly{s jif{df o:tf] j[l4b/ %=) k|ltzt lyof] . o; If]qdf
ljut kfFr jif{df cf};t #=^ k|ltztsf] j[l4 sfod ePsf] lyof] .
9

1.24

1.25

1.26

s[lifsf] pTkfbgdf wfgn] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf] x'G5 . o; jif{ dg;'gL jiff{
/fd|f];Fu gePsf]n] wfgv]tLsf nflu cg's'n jftfj/0f a g;sL wfg pTkfbgdf
!!=# k|ltztsf] ef/L lu/fj6 cfPsf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{df wfgsf] pTkfbg $%
nfv $ xhf/ % ;o # d]l6s 6g dfq ePsf] 5 . ut jif{ o:tf] pTkfbg %) nfv
&@ xhf/ @ ;o $( d]l6s 6g k'u]sf] lyof] . dg;'gL jiff{ gePsf sf/0f wfg
pTkfbg ePsf] If]qkmndf klg cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] t'ngfdf &=@ k|ltztn]
lu/fj6 cfPsf] 5 . k|d'v vfBf afnLdWo] wfgkl5sf] :yfg j|mdzM ds}, ux'F, sf]bf],
hf}+ / kmfk/n] lnG5g\ . rfn' cfly{s jif{df ds}sf] pTkfbg *=# k|ltztn] / sf]bf]sf]
pTkfbg # k|ltztn] 36]sf] 5 eg] ux'Fsf] pTkfbg @ k|ltztn], hf} / kmfk/sf]
pTkfbg j|mdzM ^ k|ltzt / )=# k|ltztn] a9]sf] cg'dfg 5 . hf} / kmfk/ afx]s
oL afnLx nufOPsf] If]qkmndf klg sdL cfPsf] lyof] . ;du|df rfn' cfly{s
jif{df k|d'v vfBf afnLxsf] pTkfbgdf &=^ k|ltztn] sdL cfO{ s'n *& nfv
#* xhf/ # ;o %) d]l6s 6g pTkfbg ePsf] 5 .
s[lif tyf jg pkIf]qdf cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf rfn' cfly{s jif{df !=@
k|ltztn] dfq j[l4 x'g] cg'dfg 5 . ut jif{ o:tf] j[l4 $=( k|ltzt lyof] eg]
ljut kfFr jif{sf] cf};t j[l4 $=) k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] . o; cGtu{t vfBf
afnLsf] pTkfbgdf $=# k|ltztn] x|f; x'g] cg'dfg 5 eg] kmnkm"nsf] pTkfbgdf
@)=! k|ltzt, df;' tyf b"wsf] pTkfbgdf !=! k|ltzt / cGo kz'hGo pTkfbgdf
%=^ k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g] cg'dfg 5 .
s[lif If]qdf ePsf] sd j[l4sf] c;/ s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf o; If]qsf] of]ubfgdf
;d]t k/]sf] 5 . ut jif{sf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf s[lif tyf jg pkIf]qsf] of]ubfg
#%=$ k|ltzt /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{df ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf !=! k|ltzt laGb'n]
sdL cfO{ #$=# k|ltzt dfq x'g] cg'dfg 5 .

dT:okfng
1.27

dT:okfngtkm{ cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] t'ngfdf rfn' cfly{s jif{df $=)
k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g] cg'dfg 5 . ut jif{ o:tf] j[l4 &=^ k|ltzt lyof] . ljut kfFr
jif{df of] pkIf]qsf] j[l4 cf};t %=( k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] . ut jif{eGbf sd b/sf]
j[l4 ePtf klg o; pkIf]qsf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbg of]ubfgdf eg] rfn' cfly{s
jif{df )=)@ k|ltztsf] lgf] j[l4 b]lvPsf] 5 .

u}/ s[lif If]q

1.28

u}/ s[lif If]qtkm{ rfn' cfly{s jif{df $=(* k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g] cg'dfg 5 . ljut
kfFr jif{df u}/ s[liftkm{ cf};t $=& k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] lyof] eg] ut cfly{s
jif{df o:tf] j[l4b/ $=@ k|ltzt dfq lyof] . u}/ s[liftkm{ pBf]u / ;]jf If]q kg]{
ePsf] / ;]jf If]qsf] j[l4b/ /fd|f] /x]sf]n] ;du| u}/ s[lif If]qsf] j[l4b/ ut jif{eGbf
/fd|f] b]lvPsf] xf] . o; jif{ vfgL tyf pTvgg\, lgdf{0f, yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/,
10

xf]6]n tyf /]i6"/fF, oftfoft, e08f/0f tyf ;~rf/, ljQLo dWo:ytfdf ut jif{eGbf
;'wf/ x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 eg] lzIff tyf :jf:Yo, pTkfbg, ljB't, UofF; tyf kfgLsf]
j[l4b/df lu/fj6 cfpg] b]lvPsf] 5 . s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg
36]sf] kmn:jk rfn' cfly{s jif{df u}/ s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf !
k|ltzt laGb'n] j[l4 eO{ ^%=# k|ltzt k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 .

vfgL tyf pTvgg

1.29

vfgL tyf pTvggsf] If]qdf o; cfly{s jif{df %=% k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g] k|f/lDes
cg'dfg 5 . ut jif{ o:tf] j[l4b/ %=) k|ltzt dfq lyof] . o; pkIf]qsf] ljut
kfFr jif{sf] cf};t j[l4b/ #=! k|ltzt dfq /x]sf] lyof] . s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf of]
pkIf]qsf] of]ubfg )=^ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . ljut bz jif{sf] cjlwdf of] of]ubfgdf
vf;} 7"nf] ptf/r9fj b]lvPsf] 5}g .

pBf]u
1.30

1.31

1.32

pTkfbgd"ns pBf]u pkIf]qsf] k|ult ;Gtf]ifhgs 5}g . tyflk, cfly{s jif{

@)^$^% / cfly{s jif{ @)^%^^ df C0ffTds /x]sf] of] pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/df
To;kl5sf jif{xdf ;fdfGo ;'wf/ cfPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df #=^
k|ltztsf] j[l4b/ /x]sf] pBf]u pkIf]qsf] pTkfbgdf !=( k|ltztn] dfq j[l4 x'g]
k|f/lDes cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg ;"rsfcg';f/ e6df;, t]n,
dlb/f, /]lhg, lh= cfO= kfOk, kz' cfxf/, rfprfp, xNsf k]o kbfy{sf] pTkfbgdf
cfPsf] x|f;n] o; pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/ Go"g b]lvPsf] 5 . oBlk k|zf]lwt lrof, O{6f,
tf]/Lsf] t]n, sk8f, /+u/f]ug, lao/, cf}iflwsf] j[l4b/ eg] wgfTds x'g] b]lvG5 .
cf}Bf]lus jftfj/0fdf ck]lIft ;'wf/ x'g g;Sg', pmhf{ ;+s6 oyfjt\ /xg',
/fhgLlts ;+j|md0fsfn nlDag' / nufgLsf nflu lghL tyf ljb]zL
nufgLstf{xnfO{ cfZj:t kfg{ g;Sg' h:tf sf/0fxn] ubf{ ljut nfdf] ;dob]lv
pBf]u If]q ;d:ofu|:t 5 . ljut kfFr jif{sf] o; pkIf]qsf] cf};t j[l4b/ !=&
k|ltzt dfq /xg'n] of] pkIf]qsf] lg/fzfhgs cj:yfnfO{ b]vfpF5 . oL tYof+sxn]
pBf]u If]qsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg u/L o;sf] ljsf;sf nflu uDeL/ x'g'kg]{ b]vfPsf
5g\ .
pBf]u If]qsf ljle pkIf]qxdWo] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{
of]ubfg /x]sf] of] pkIf]qsf] of]ubfg j|mdzM 36\bf] l:yltdf /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{
@)%*%( sf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf of] pkIf]qsf] of]ubfg *=% k|ltzt /x]sf]df
To;kl5sf jif{xdf lg/Gt/ x|f; cfO{ rfn' jif{df ^=@ k|ltzt dfq x'g] b]lvPsf]
5 . ut cfly{s jif{df of] ^=# k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] .

11

ljB't, Uof; tyf kfgL

1.33

ut cfly{s jif{df *=$ k|ltztn] a9]sf] o; pkIf]qsf] pTkfbg rfn' cfly{s jif{df
)=@ k|ltztn] dfq a9\g] k|f/lDes cg'dfg 5 . ljut kfFr jif{df o; pkIf]qsf]
cf};t j[l4b/ @=% k|ltzt /x]sf] ePtf klg o; If]qsf] j[l4b/ ;Gtf]ifhgs /x]sf]
5}g . ljB't pTkfbgdf j[l4 x'g g;s]sf] tyf kfgLsf] pTkfbg / ljt/0fdf klg j[l4
x'g g;s]sf]n] o; pkIf]qsf] j[l4 sd x'g uPsf] xf] . d'n'sdf kfgLsf] pknAwtf /
ljB'tsf] ckf/ ;Defjgf x'Fbfx'Fb} klg s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf o; pkIf]qsf] of]ubfg
eg] Go"g /x]sf] 5 . ljut bzssf] z'jftL jif{xdf s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf o;
pkIf]qsf] of]ubfg @ k|ltzt;Dd k'u]tf klg cfly{s jif{ @)^$^% b]lv s'g} klg
jif{df @ k|ltzt k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf o;
pkIf]qsf] of]ubfg !=# k|ltztdf g} ;Lldt /xg] b]lvPsf] 5 . tyflk, xfn
lgdf{0ffwLg s]xL ljB't cfof]hgfxaf6 pTkfbg z' ePkl5 eg] cfufdL jif{xdf
s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf o; pkIf]qsf] of]ubfg a9\g hfg] b]lvG5 .

lgdf{0f If]q
1.34

1.35

cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df ^ k|ltzt eGbf a9Lsf] j[l4b/ xfl;n u/]sf] lgdf{0f
pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/ To;kl5 a9\g ;s]sf] 5}g . ut cfly{s jif{df )=@ k|ltztn] dfq
a9]sf] of] pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/ rfn' cfly{s jif{df !=^ k|ltztdf ;Lldt x'g] b]lvG5 .
rfn' cfly{s jif{df 3/hUuf Joj;fodf b]lvPsf] lgf] ;'wf/n] ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf
j[l4 b]lvPsf] ePtf klg of] ;Gtf]ifhgs 5}g . ljut kfFr jif{df o; pkIf]qsf]
j[l4b/df s'g} lglZrt k|jl[Q b]lvPsf] 5}g . ljut kfFr jif{sf] cf};t j[l4b/ #=$
k|ltzt /x]sf] o; pkIf]qsf] pTkfbg sd x'g'df 3/hUuf Joj;fodf b]lvPsf] dGbL,
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxaf6 3/hUuf Joj;fosf nflu k|jfx x'g] shf{df
ckgfOPsf] ;fjwfgL, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxn] k|jfx ug]{ shf{sf] Aofhb/df
ePsf] j[l4 / ;/sf/L k'FhLut vr{df ck]lIft j[l4 gx'g' g} k|d'v sf/0f /x]sf 5g\ .
lgdf{0f If]q;Fu ;DalGwt /f]huf/L / sRrf kbfy{sf] pTkfbgnfO{ ;d]t c;/ kfg]{
ePsfn] o; pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/nfO{ a9fpg'kg]{ b]lvG5 .
ljut bzssf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf lgdf{0f If]qsf] of]ubfg nueu ;dfg g} /x]sf]
5 . cfly{s jif{ @)%*%( b]lv rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) ;Ddsf] cjlwdf s'n
ufx{:y pTkfbgdf o; pkIf]qsf] of]ubfg ^ b]lv & k|ltztsf] aLrdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
ut cfly{s jif{df o:tf] of]ubfg ^=* k|ltzt /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{df )=!
k|ltzt laGb'sf] lgf] j[l4 eO{ ^=( k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 .

yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/

1.36

yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/sf] pTkfbg ut kfFr jif{df ;Gtf]ifhgs g} /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s
jif{ @)^&^* df !=$ k|ltztsf] dfq j[l4b/ xfl;n u/]sf] ePtf klg kl5Nnf]
kfFr jif{xdf o; pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/ ;du|df /fd|f] b]lvPsf] 5 . kfFr jif{df cf};t
12

$=! k|ltztsf] j[l4b/ xfl;n u/]sf] / ut cfly{s jif{df #=! k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf]
of] pkIf]qsf] pTkfbgdf rfn' cfly{s jif{df (=% k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 .
o; pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/ a9\g'df ljz]ifu/L cfoft Jofkf/sf] e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s
jif{ @)^&^* df cfoftdf ePsf] sdLn] of] If]qsf] j[l4b/df sdL NofPsf] lyof]
eg] rfn' cfly{s jif{df cfoftdf ePsf] j[l4n] o; pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/ a9\g] b]lvPsf]
5 . u}/ s[lif If]qsf ljle pkIf]qxdWo] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf ;a}eGbf a9L
of]ubfg lbg] o; pkIf]qsf] of]ubfg ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf )=& k|ltzt laGb'n] j[l4
eO{ rfn' cfly{s jif{df !$=$ k|ltzt x'g] cg'dfg 5 .

xf]6n / /]i6'/]06
1.37

k|ltJolQm cfodf ePsf] j[l4, ;x/Ls/0fsf] k|efj / dflg;sf] /xg;xg\ Pj+ vfg]
afgLdf cfPsf] kl/jt{gn] ubf{ xf]6n tyf /]i6'/]06sf] j[l4b/ ;Gtf]ifhgs kdf
a9]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ljut kfFr jif{df cfly{s jif{ @)^%^^ df Psk6s 36]sf] o;
pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/ j|mdzM al9/x]sf] 5 . o; pkIf]qsf] ljut kfFr jif{sf] cf};t
j[l4b/ %=^ k|ltzt / cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] j[l4b/ ^ k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] .
rfn' cfly{s jif{df of] j[l4b/ ^=* k|ltzt x'g] cg'dfg 5 . s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf
eg] of] pkIf]qsf] of]ubfg ut jif{eGbf )=! k|ltzt laGb'n] a9L eO{ !=* k|ltzt
x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 .

oftfoft, ;~rf/ tyf e08f/0f

1.38

ut jif{ %=& k|ltztsf] j[l4 ePsf] o; pkIf]qsf] pTkfbg rfn' cfly{s jif{df ^=&
k|ltztn] a9\g] k|f/lDes cg'dfg 5 . ;~rf/ pkIf]qsf] sf/f]jf/df pNn]vgLo j[l4
ePsf sf/0f o; pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/ /fd|f] x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . o; pkIf]qsf]
ljut kfFr jif{sf] cf};t j[l4b/ ^=^ k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] . s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf
o; If]qsf] of]ubfg ut cfly{s jif{df *=^ k|ltzt /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{df (=@
k|ltzt /xg] b]lvPsf] 5 . ljut bzsel/ g} s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf of] pkIf]qsf]
of]ubfg * b]lv ( k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf /x]sf] 5 . o;df klg d'Votof ;~rf/
If]qsf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

ljQLo dWo:ytf
1.39

ljut kfFr jif{df rf/ jif{ Go"g j[l4 xfl;n u/]sf] of] pkIf]qdf rfn' cfly{s jif{df
^=& k|ltztsf] j[l4 x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{df o:tf] j[l4b/ #=% k|ltzt
dfq /x]sf] o; pkIf]qsf] ljut kfFr jif{sf] cf};t j[l4b/ $=@ k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] .
cfly{s jif{ @)^@^# df @$=$ k|ltzt j[l4b/ /x]sf] of] pkIf]q cGtu{t a}ls
If]qdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+snufot jfl0fHo a}+sx, ljsf; a}+sx, ljQLo ;+:yfxsf
;fy} ;xsf/L tyf n3'ljQ ;+:yfxsf s/f]jf/ /x]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L, aLdf ;d"xdf
aLdf ;ldltsf ;fy} hLjg aLdf / lghL{jg aLdf sDkgLxsf sf/f]jf/ /x]sf 5g\
eg] ;fdflhs ;'/Iff ;d"xdf g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{, sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if, gful/s
13

1.40

nufgL sf]if h:tf ;+:yfsf sf/f]jf/ /x]sf 5g\ . rfn' cfly{s jif{df k'h
F L ahf/df
b]lvPsf] ;'wf/ / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnufot aLdf sDkgLxsf] ;+:yfut
;'zf;gdf b]lvPsf] ;'wf/n] ubf{ of] pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/df a9f]Q/L b]lvPsf] xf] .
ljQLo kx'Fr / ljQLo sf/f]jf/df j[l4 ePcg'k s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf of]
pkIf]qsf] of]ubfgdf eg] vf;} kl/jt{g ePsf] 5}g . ljut bzsel/ g} s'n ufx{:y
pTkfbgdf of] pkIf]qsf] of]ubfg $ k|ltzts} xf/fxf/Ldf /x]sf] 5 . tyflk, ut
jif{sf] t'ngfdf of] jif{ o; pkIf]qsf] of]ubfgdf )=# k|ltzt laGb'n] sdL cfPsf]
5.

l/on O:6]6, ef8f tyf Jofj;flos ;]jfx

1.41

rfn' cfly{s jif{df o; pkIf]qsf] pTkfbg ut jif{sf] eGbf !=$ k|ltzt laGb'n] sdL
cfO{ !=^ k|ltztn] a9\g] cg'dfg 5 . o; jif{ 3/hUufsf] sf/f]jf/sf] If]qdf ul/Psf
s]xL gLltut ;'wf/n] o; pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/ ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf s]xL a9\g uPsf]
xf] . cfly{s jif{ @)^$^% df !)=$ k|ltztsf] j[l4b/ xfl;n u/]sf] o; pkIf]qsf]
j[l4b/df 3/hUufsf] If]qdf x'g;Sg] c:jfefljs d"Noj[l4 / sf/f]jf/nfO{ lgoGq0f
ug{ lnOPsf] gLltut Joj:yfsf sf/0f ;f] kl5 eg] sdL cfpg yfn]sf] lyof] .
kmn:jk, ljut kfFr jif{df of] pkIf]qsf] cf};t j[l4b/ %=( k|ltzt dfq /x]sf]
lyof] . 3/hUuf Joj;fodf s]xL dGbLsf] cj:yf b]lvPtf klg ef8f / Jofj;flos
;]jfx :yL/ /x]sfn] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf eg] of] If]qsf] of]ubfg * b]lv !)
k|ltztleq} /x]sf] 5 . ut jif{sf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf of] pkIf]qsf] of]ubfg *=#
k|ltzt /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{df *=% k|ltzt x'g] cg'dfg 5 .

;fj{hlgs k|zf;g / /Iff

1.42

s]Gb|Lo ;/sf/sf] ;fj{hlgs k|zf;g tyf /Iffdf ul/Psf] ah]6 Joj:yf tyf vr{sf]
cfwf/df rfn' cfly{s jif{df o; pkIf]qsf] pTkfbgdf #=# k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g]
cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{df o; pkIf]qsf] pTkfbgdf % k|ltztn] j[l4
ePsf] lyof] eg] ljut kfFr jif{df o; pkIf]qsf] cf};t j[l4b/ $=@ k|ltzt /x]sf]
lyof] . s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf o; If]qsf] of]ubfg rfn' cfly{s jif{df !=( k|ltzt
/x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 h'g ut cfly{s jif{df @ k|ltzt lyof] . ;dod} ah]6 cfpg
g;s]sfn] ;/sf/L vr{ x'g g;sL o; pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/ sd x'g uPsf] / s'n
ufx{:y pTkfbgdf ;d]t o;sf] of]ubfg sd b]lvg uPsf] xf] .

lzIff
1.43

;/sf/Lsf ;fy;fy} lghL If]qsf] nufgL a9\b} uPtf klg lzIff pkIf]qsf] rfn'
cfly{s jif{sf] pTkfbg ut cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf 36\g] b]lvPsf] 5 . ut cfly{s
jif{ @)^*^( df % k|ltztn] a9]sf] o; pkIf]qsf] pTkfbg rfn' cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) df $=! k|ltztn] dfq a9\g] k|f/lDes cg'dfg 5 . ljut kfFr jif{sf]
14

cjlwdf o; pkIf]qsf] pTkfbgdf cf};t ^=$ k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] lyof] . lzIff
If]qsf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf of]ubfg eg] nueu :yL/ g} /x]sf] 5 . ut cfly{s
jif{df o:tf] of]ubfg %=% k|ltzt /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{df eg] %=$ k|ltzt
/x]sf] 5 .

:jf:Yo / ;fdflhs sfo{

1.44

:jf:Yosf If]qdf ul/Psf] ;/sf/L nufgL / lghL tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfxn] o;

If]qdf u/]sf] sf/f]jf/df j[l4 ePsf sf/0fn] o; pkIf]qsf] pTkfbgdf ut cfly{s
jif{sf] t'ngfdf j[l4 ePsf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{df o; pkIf]qsf] pTkfbgdf ut
cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf %=% k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g] k|f/lDes cg'dfg 5 . ut jif{ o:tf]
j[l4b/ %=# k|ltzt dfq lyof] eg] ljut kfFr jif{df o; pkIf]qsf] pTkfbgdf
cf};t ^=( k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] lyof] .

cGo ;fd'bflos, ;fdflhs tyf JolQmut ;]jfx

1.45

ljut kfFr jif{df cf};t &=^ k|ltzt / ut jif{ 08} !) k|ltztsf] j[l4b/ xfl;n
u/]sf] o; pkIf]qsf] rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] pTkfbgdf ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf & k|ltztn]
j[l4 x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 . o; pkIf]q cGtu{t ;/sf/f/f k|bfg ul/g] ;fd'bflos ;]jf
tyf cGo ;fdflhs / Jofj;flos ;]jfx ;dfj]z ul/G5g\ . ut cfly{s jif{b]lv
s]Gb|Lo tyf :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] ;fd'bflos tyf ;fdflhs If]qdf ul/Psf] ljlgof]hg
/ vr{ Pj+ lghL If]qxaf6 ;~rflnt 6]lnlehg tyf Pkm= Pd= h:tf
dgf]/~hgfTds ;]jfxsf] cfly{s ultljlwxnfO{ ;dfj]z ul/Psf sf/0f o;
pkIf]qsf] pTkfbgdf j[l4 b]lvg yfn]sf] xf] . s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf o; pkIf]qsf]
of]ubfg eg] # b]lv $ k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf /x]sf] 5 . ut jif{ o:tf] of]ubfg #=&
k|ltzt /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{df o;df s]xL x|f; cfO{ #=^ k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 .

If]qut ljj/0f
1.46

1.47

s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgnfO{ k|fylds, ltLo / t[tLo u/L tLg d'Vo If]qxdf ljefhg
u/L ljZn]if0f ubf{ cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df k|fylds If]q -s[lif tyf jg,
dT:okfng / vfgL tyf pTvgGfsf] pTkfbg j[l4b/ !=#! k|ltzt x'g] cg'dfg 5 .
ut jif{ o:tf] j[l4b/ $=(* k|ltzt dfq lyof] eg] ljut kfFr jif{df o; If]qsf]
cf};t j[l4b/ $=! k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df ltLo If]qsf] pTkfbgdf cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf
!=$& k|ltzt laGb'n] x|f; cfO{ !=$( k|ltztn] dfq a9\g] k|f/lDes cg'dfg 5 .
o; If]q cGtu{t cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg, ljB't, UofF; tyf kfgL / lgdf{0f pkIf]qsf
pTkfbg kb{5g\ . lgdf{0f If]qsf] j[l4b/df s]xL j[l4 eP klg cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg /
lgdf{0f pkIf]qsf] j[l4b/df cfPsf] sdLn] ubf{ o; If]qsf] pTkfbg j[l4b/ ut
cfly{s jif{sf] j[l4b/ eGbf sd x'g uPsf] xf] . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o;
15

1.48

If]qsf] j[l4b/ @=(^ k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] eg] ljut kfFr jif{sf] cf};t j[l4b/ @=$*
k|ltzt dfq /x]sf] lyof] .
;]jf;Fu ;DalGwt pkIf]qxsf] afx'Notf /x]sf] t[tLo If]qsf] pTkfbg j[l4b/df rfn'
cfly{s jif{df !=%@ k|ltzt laGb'n] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o;
If]qsf] pTkfbg cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf $=% k|ltztn] dfq a9]sf]df rfn' cfly{s
jif{df o; If]qsf] pTkfbg cl3Nnf] jif{sf] eGbf ^ k|ltztn] a9\g] k|f/lDes cg'dfg
5 . o; If]qsf] ljut kfFr jif{sf] cf};t j[l4b/ %=$@ k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] .

s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgsf] ;+/rgf

1.49

1.50

1.51

g]kfnL cy{tGqsf] ;+/rgfdf j|mdzM kl/jt{g cfO/x]sf] tYof+sxn] b]vfpFb5g\ .

s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf s[lif / pBf]u If]qsf] of]ubfg 36\g] / ;]jf If]qsf] of]ubfg
a9\g] k|jl[Q b]lvPsf] 5 . If]qut cfwf/df x]bf{ k|rlnt d"Nodf rfn' cfly{s jif{sf]
s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf k|fylds If]qsf] of]ubfg #%=#@ k|ltzt x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf]
5 . of] of]ubfg ut cfly{s jif{eGbf )=(( k|ltzt laGb'n] sd xf] . cfly{s jif{
@)%*%( df of] If]qsf] of]ubfg #&=*( k|ltzt /x]sf]df To;kl5sf jif{xdf
j|mdzM x|f; cfPsf] lyof] . t/ cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df eg] o; If]qsf] of]ubfgdf
j[l4 eO{ #&=#& k|ltzt x'gk'Uof] . ljut kfFr jif{sf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf of]
If]qsf] cf};t of]ubfg #%=)* k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] . rfn' jif{ s[lifsf] pTkfbgdf
sdL cfPsfn] o;sf] of]ubfgdf sdL b]lvPsf] xf] .
s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf ltLo If]qsf] of]ubfgdf j|mdzM x|f; cfO/x]sf] ePtf klg
s[lif If]qsf] j[l4b/ sd ePsf sf/0f rfn' jif{df of] If]qsf] of]ubfg ut cfly{s jif{
eGbf ;LdfGt kn] j[l4 eO{ !$=#% k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . ut jif{ o:tf] of]ubfg
!$=#) k|ltzt lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)%*%( df k|rlnt d"Nodf of] If]qsf]
of]ubfg !&=)^ k|ltzt /x]sf]df ;f] kl5 o;df j|mdzM x|f; cfPsf] lyof] . ljut
kfFr jif{sf] cjlwdf s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf of] If]qsf] cf};t of]ubfg !%=)*
k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] .
s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf t[tLo If]qsf] of]ubfg eg] j|mdzM a9\b} uPsf] b]lvPtf klg
rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf of] If]qsf] of]ubfg cfly{s jif{
@)^$^% / cfly{s jif{ @)^%^^ sf] t'ngfdf sd g} /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{
@)^^^&, cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* / cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df of] If]qsf] of]ubfg
%) k|ltzt eGbf sd /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{df eg] o;df j[l4 eO{ %)=##
k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)%*%( df eg] of] If]qsf] of]ubfg k|rlnt
d"Nodf $%=)^ k|ltzt /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df $(=#( k|ltzt /x]sf]
lyof] . of] If]qdf Jofkf/, xf]6]n tyf /]i6'/]G6, oftfoft, ;~rf/, ljQLo dWo:ytf,
3/hUufsf] sf/f]jf/, ;fj{hlgs k|zf;g / /Iff, lzIff, :jf:Yo / cGo ;fd'bflos,
;fdflhs tyf JolQmut ;]jf ;dfj]z ePsf]n] / tLdWo] ;a}h;f] ;]jfxsf]
16

1.52

pTkfbgdf j[l4 ePsf]n] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf of] If]qsf] of]ubfg a9]sf] b]lvPsf]
xf] . ljut kfFr jif{sf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf eg] of] If]qsf] cf};t of]ubfg $(=*$
k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] .
cf}Bf]lus juL{s/0fcg';f/sf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgnfO{ s[lif / u}/ s[lif If]q u/L b'O{
efudf juL{s/0f ubf{ s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg 36\bf] j|mddf 5
eg] u}/ s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfgdf s]xL j[l4 x'g uPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)%*%( df
s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg #&=$ k|ltzt /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s
jif{df of] of]ubfg #$=& k|ltzt /xg] cg'dfg 5 . o:tf] of]ubfg ut cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df #%=* k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] . ljut kfFr jif{df s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf
s[lif If]qsf] cf};t of]ubfg #$=% k|ltzt dfq /x]sf] 5 . ljut kfFr jif{sf] tYof+s
x]bf{ cfly{s jif{ @)^$^% df s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg ;a}eGbf sd cyf{t\ #!=& dfq
/x]sf] b]lvG5 eg] ;a}eGbf a9L cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df /x]sf] b]lvG5 . rfn'
cfly{s jif{df s[lif pTkfbgdf sdL cfPsfn] o; If]qsf] of]ubfgdf sdL b]lvg
uPsf] xf] .

pkef]u, nufgL tyf Jofkf/

1.53

1.54

s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgnfO{ vr{ tkm{af6 ljZn]if0f ubf{ s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf
pkef]usf] c+z a9L g} /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)%*%( df k|rlnt d"Nodf s'n
ufx{:y pTkfbgdf pkef]usf] c+z ()=% k|ltzt /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) df ()=& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o:tf] c+z
**=% k|ltzt dfq /x]sf] lyof] . pkef]utkm{ s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf lghL If]qsf]
pkef]usf] c+z cfly{s jif{ @)%*%( df *)=* k|ltzt /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) df !=^ k|ltzt laGb'n] 36L &(=@ k|ltztdf /]sf]5 . ut cfly{s
jif{df eg] of] c+z &^ k|ltzt dfq /x]sf] lyof] . o;}u/L s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf
;/sf/L pkef]usf] c+z cfly{s jif{ @)%*%( df *=$ k|ltzt /x]sf]df rfn'
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df !=$ k|ltzt laGb'n] a9L (=* k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5, h'g ut
cfly{s jif{df !)=& k|ltzt lyof] .
s'n pkef]udWo] rfn' cfly{s jif{df lghL If]qsf] pkef]u *&=# k|ltzt 5 h'g
cfly{s jif{ @)%*%( df *(=# k|ltzt lyof] . rfn' cfly{s jif{df s'n
pkef]udWo] ;/sf/L pkef]u !)=* k|ltzt / u}/ gfkmfd"ns ;+:yfxsf] pkef]u
!=( k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . lghL pkef]utkm{ klg vfBfsf] pkef]usf] c+z a9L 5 .
rfn' cfly{s jif{df s'n lghL pkef]udf vfBj:t', u}/ vfBj:t' / ;]jfsf] c+z
j|mdzM ^%=^, @#=^ / !)=& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . pkef]u vr{df x'Fb} uPsf] j[l4,
vfgkfgsf] z}nLdf cfPsf] kl/jt{g tyf vfBj:t'sf] a9\bf] d"Noj[l4n] ubf{
vfBftkm{sf] pkef]u vr{df j[l4 x'Fb} uPsf] 5 eg] ;]jf If]qsf] pkef]u a9] klg
To;df k|lt:kwL{ d"No / k|ljlwsf] pkof]usf sf/0f pkef]u vr{sf] c+z 36\b} uPsf]
5 . cfly{s jif{ @)%*%( df vfBf / ;]jftkm{sf] pkef]u vr{ s'n lghL
pkef]usf] %( k|ltzt / !@=# k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] eg] ut cfly{s jif{df j|mdzM
17

1.55

^$=^ k|ltzt / !! k|ltzt k'u]sf] lyof] . s'n lghL pkef]udf u}/ vfBj:t'sf]
pkef]usf] c+zdf klg j|mdzM sdL cfO/xsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*%( df @*=&
k|ltzt /x]sf] o:tf] c+z ut cfly{s jif{df @$=$ k|ltzt k'u]sf] lyof] . k|rlnt
d"Nodf rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf 3/fo;Ltkm{sf] pkef]u vr{ ut
cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf @=& k|ltzt laGb'n] a9L *$=! k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 .
rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf s'n nufgLsf] c+z #&=* k|ltzt k'Ug]
cg'dfg 5 . o:tf] c+z cfly{s jif{ @)%*%( df @)=@ k|ltzt / ut cfly{s
jif{df #$=( k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] . o;dWo] s'n :yL/ k'FhL lgdf{0fsf] c+z cfly{s jif{
@)%*%( df !(=^ k|ltzt /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{df !=^ k|ltzt laGb'n] a9L
@!=@ k|ltzt k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . ut cfly{s jif{df eg] o:tf] c+z @) k|ltzt dfq
/x]sf] lyof] . s'n k'FhL lgdf{0fsf] afFsL c+z eg] df}Hbft kl/jt{g -tYof+sLo q'l6
;d]t_ sf] /x]sf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] s'n :yL/ k'FhL lgdf{0fdf lghL If]qsf]
of]ubfg *!=! k|ltzt / ;/sf/L If]qsf] of]ubfg !*=( k|ltzt /x]sf] cg'dfg 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)%*%( df o:tf] of]ubfg j|mdzM *)=^ k|ltzt / !(=$ k|ltzt
/x]sf] lyof] eg] ut cfly{s jif{df j|mdzM &^=& k|ltzt / @#=# k|ltzt /x]sf]
lyof] .

art
1.56

s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf s'n ufx{:y artsf] c+z rfn' cfly{s jif{df ut jif{sf]
t'ngfdf @=@ k|ltzt laGb'n] x|f; cfO{ (=# k|ltzt k'u]sf] cg'dfg 5 . cfly{s jif{
@)%*%( df o:tf] c+z (=% k|ltzt lyof] eg] cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df !$=%
k|ltzt k'u]sf] lyof] . rfn' cfly{s jif{df s'n ufx{:y art k|rlnt d"Nodf ?= !
va{ %( ca{ x'g] cg'dfg 5 . ut cfly{s jif{df o:tf] art ?= ! va{ &^ ca{
lyof] . ut cfly{s jif{eGbf s'n artsf] cdf g} sdL cfpg'n] pkef]u vr{df
ePsf] j[l4 / artdf sdL ePsf] s'/fnfO{ uDeL/tfsf ;fy O+lut u/]sf] b]lvG5 .
s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf s'n /fli6o artsf] c+z rfn' cfly{s jif{df #*=$ k|ltzt
k'u]sf] 5 h'g ut jif{sf] #(=( k|ltztdf !=% k|ltzt laGb'n] sd 5 . rfn' cfly{s
jif{df s'n /fli6o art ?= ^ va{ %# ca{ k'u]sf] cg'dfg 5 . o:tf] art ut jif{
?= ^ va{ !$ ca{ /x]sf] lyof] .

s'n /fli6o vr{of]Uo cfo

1.57

1.58

ljut s]xL jif{ otf g]kfnsf] s'n /fli6o vr{of]Uo cfo al9/x]sf] 5 . k|rlnt
d"Nodf cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df o:tf] cfo ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf !!=# k|ltztn]
j[l4 eO{ ?= @! va{ (^ ca{ k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . s]xL jif{b]lv ljk|]if0f cfodf ePsf]
j[l4n] s'n /fli6o vr{of]Uo cfodf j[l4 ePsf] xf] . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s
jif{ @)^*^( df s'n vr{of]Uo cfodf !^=& k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] lyof] .
s'n /fli6o vr{of]Uo cfonfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df s'n
pkef]u cg'kft &)=@ k|ltzt / s'n /fli6o art cg'kft @(=* k|ltzt x'g
cfpF5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o:tf] cg'kft j|mdzM ^*=( / #!=! k|ltzt
/x]sf] lyof] .
18

@= ;/sf/L ljQ

@= ;/sf/L ljQ

;/sf/L ljQsf] :jk

2.1

2.2

2.3

ljqmd ;Djt @)^( h]i7 !$ ut] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lj36g eP kl5 l;h{gf ePsf]
;+j}wflgs ;+s6 ;dfwfgsf nflu /fhgLlts bnx aLr ;xdlt h'6\g g;s]sf]]
c;/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfngdf klg kg{ uof] . kmn:jk, g]kfn
;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] ah]6 ;dodf Nofpg ;s]g . cfly{s jif{sf]
;'df ut jif{ ;~rfng ePsf sfo{qmdxdf vr{ ePsf] /sdsf] Ps t[tLofFz
/sd vr{ ug]{ clVtof/L ;/sf/nfO{ cWofb]zdfkm{t k|fKt eof] . of] /sd vr{
x'Fbf;Ddsf] cjlwdf ;d]t b]zsf] ljsf; lgdf{0f / hgtfnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ ;]jf
k|jfx ug{ cfjZos kg]{ /sd vr{ ug]{ tyf To:tf] vr{ h'6fpg] ;DaGwdf k|d'v
/fhgLlts bnx aLr ;xdlt h'6\g g;s]sf]n] k"0f{ jh]6 cfpg ;s]g . h;n] ubf{
;/sf/n] @)^( d+;L/df k'gM cWofb]z hf/L u/L cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] nflu
s'n vr{ ?= # va{ %! ca{sf] ;Ldfleq /x]/ ut jif{s} sfo{qmdxdf vr{ ug]{ u/L
k'gM cWofb]zdfkm{t ah]6 tyf sfo{qmdsf] 3f]if0ff uof] . @)^( r}qdf k|d'v rf/
/fhgLlts bnx aLr ;+ljwfg;efsf] :jtGq / lgikIf lgjf{rg ug]{ ;DaGwdf
;jf]{Rr cbfntsf k|wfg GofofwLzsf] cWoIftfdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf ljlzi6 >]0fLsf]
kbjf6 ;]jf lgj[Q k"j{ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx ;b:o /xg] u/L gofF ;/sf/ u7g ug]{
/fhg}lts ;xdlt kl5 u7g ePsf] ;/sf/n] oL b'j} cWofb]zdfkm{t 3f]if0ff ePsf
ah]6 tyf sfo{qmdnfO{ ;dfof]hg u/L @)^( r}q @& ut] df}h'bf /fh:j gLltxdf
s'g} kl/jt{g gu/L ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fvL cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) sf] nflu cfo / Joosf] cg'dfg ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] lyof] .
ljqmd ;Djt @)^( r}q @& ut] hf/L ePsf]] cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] ah]6df
;/sf/sf] s'n vr{ ?= $ va{ $ ca{ *@ s/f]8 /xg] cg'dfg 5 . o; jif{sf] s'n
vr{ cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] s'n oyfy{ vr{sf] t'ngfdf !( k|ltztn] a9L 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df o:tf] vr{ ?= @ va{ (% ca{ #^ s/f]8 /x]sf]df cfly{s
jif{ @)^*^( df sl/j !% k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= # va{ #( ca{ !^ s/f]8 k'u]sf]
lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ;/sf/L cfDbfgL -/fh:j tyf cg'bfg_ ?= @ va{
*% ca{ #& s/f]8 /x]sf]df o; cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df !( k|ltzteGbf a9Ln]
j[l4 eO{ ?= # va{ $) ca{ (* s/f]8 k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 .
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ah]6 3f6f cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= %# ca{ &( s/f]8

g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( b]lv Government Financial Statistic (GFS) @))! cg';f/
cfo tyf vr{sf] n]vfg ug{ z' u/]sf]n] ;f] eGbf cufl8sf] cfly{s jif{xsf] tYofnfO{ ;d]t ;f]xL
jdf]lhd juL{s/0f u/L cg';"rL @ sf tflnsfxdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( eGbf
cufl8sf k'/fgf] juL{s/0f cg';f/sf] tTYofnfO{ l;=l8=df oyfjt /flvPsf] 5 .
19

/x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df ?= ^# ca{ *# s/f]8 k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . cfly{s

jif{ @)^*^( df ah]6 3f6fsf] j[l4b/ *=$ k|ltzt dfq /x]sf]df o; cfly{s
jif{df ;/sf/sf] s'n vr{ / cDbfgL b'j}sf] j[l4b/ !( k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf /xg]
cg'dfg ePsfn] o; jif{ ah]6 3f6f klg !*=& k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g] b]lvG5 . g]kfn
;/sf/sf] ljut kfFr jif{sf] cfo-Joo, ah]6 3f6f / s'n ufx{:y pTkfbg;Fu ltgsf]
cg'kftsf] k|j[lQsf] ljZn]if0f ubf{ d'n'ssf] ljlzi6 /fhgLlts kl/l:yltsf]
k[i7e"lddf k|:t't ePsf] o; cfly{s jif{sf] ah]6 klg ljut jif{xdf k]z ePsf]
cfo Joosf] k|j[lQ / ;+/rgf eGbf leGg eg] /x]sf] b]lvb}g -tflnsf g+=@-s__ .
tflnsf @ -s_ M ;/sf/L ljQ / s'n ufx{:y pTkfbg;u ltgsf] cg'kft -k|ltztdf_
?= s/f]8df
2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

s'n ufx{:y pTkfbg 98827.20 119277.40 137495.30

vr{
21966.20
25968.91
29536.34
;/sf/L cfo
16985.57
21849.18
24574.12
-cg'bfg;d]t_
4980.47
4119.73
4962.22
ah]6 3f6f
s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgsf] cg'kft -k|ltztdf_
22.23
21.77
21.48
vr{
17.19
18.32
17.87
;/sf/L cfo
5.04
3.45
3.61
ah]6 3f6f
14.16
14.92
14.69
/fh:j
*cg'dflgt
;|ft] M s]lGb|o tYof+s ljefu / dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{no .
2.4

2068/69

2069/70*

153600.00

170119.40

33916.75

40482.47

28537.14

34098.92

5379.61

6383.55

22.08

23.80

18.58

20.04

3.50

3.75

15.91

17.02

cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df ;/sf/L vr{ !*=@ k|ltzt a[l4 ePsf]df To;kl5sf b'O{
jif{df ;/sf/L vr{sf] j[l4b/df s]xL sdL ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* /
@)^*^( df o;sf] a[l4b/ qmdzM !#=& k|ltzt / !$=* k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] .
rfn' jif{sf] s'n vr{sf] j[l4 eg] cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& sf]] eGbf klg a9L -!(=$
k|ltzt_ 5 . ;/sf/L cfosf] j[l4b/ cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df @*=^ k|ltzt
/x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* / @)^*^( df qmdzM !@=% k|ltzt / !^=!
k|ltztdf ;Lldt /xg k'Uof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df cfosf] j[l4b/ vr{sf]
j[l4b/ eGbf sd /x]sf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df ;/sf/L vr{ s'n ufx{:y
pTkfbgsf] sl/j @!=* k|ltzt /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df @@=! k|ltzt
k'u]sf] 5 eg] o; cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df o:tf] cg'kftdf j[l4 eO{ @#=* k|ltzt
k'Ug] b]lvG5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ;/sf/sf] cfo s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgsf]
!*=^ k|ltzt lyof] eg] cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df @) k|ltzt /xg] b]lvG5 .
;/sf/sf] cfo / Joo aLrsf] cGt/ cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df s'n ufx{:y
pTkfbgsf] #=^ k|ltzt /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] cjlwdf #=% k|ltztdf
em/]sf] 5 . t/ o; cfly{s jif{df o:tf] cGt/df k'gM j[l4 eO{ #=& k|ltztsf]
20

xf/fxf/Ldf k'Ug] b]lvG5 . ;/sf/sf] ah]6 3f6fsf] jt{dfg :t/ s'n ufx{:y
pTkfbgsf] $ k|ltzt eGbf sd /xg' ;fj{hlgs ljQLo Joj:yfkgsf b[li6sf]0fn]
/fd|f] dfGg ;lsG5 .

;/sf/L vr{
2.5

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df g]kfn ;/sf/sf] s'n vr{ ?= $ va{ $ ca{ *@ s/f]8
x'g] cg'dfg 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o:tf] vr{ ?= # va{ #( ca{ !^ s/f]8
/x]sf] lyof] . o;dWo] rfn' vr{ &!=& k|ltzt /x\of] eg] k'FhLut vr{ !%=! k|ltzt
/ ;fFjf e'QmfgL jfktsf] vr{ %=( k|ltzt lyof] . ljutsf jif{xsf] vr{sf] k|j[lQ
x]bf{ cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& b]lv cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dd s'n vr{df rfn'
vr{sf] c+z &@ k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf /x]sf]df o; cfly{s jif{ o:tf] vr{ s'n
vr{sf] ^*=( k|ltztdf ;Lldt /fVg] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . k'FhLut vr{df cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf *=^ k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf]df o; jif{
@*=& k|ltztn] j[l4 u/L ?= ^^ ca{ !# s/f]8 k'ofOPsf] 5 . rfn' vr{ sd /
k'FhLut vr{df j[l4 x'g' ;fj{hlgs ljQ Joj:yfkgsf] ;sf/fTds kIf x'g\ .

2.6

s'n vr{df g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;fj{hlgs ;+:Yffg tyf ljleGg cfof]hgfxdf k|jfx
u/]sf] C0fsf] c+z cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df #=^ k|ltzt /x]sf]df o; cfly{s jif{
df o;sf] c+z % k|ltzt k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . ;/sf/sf] cfGtl/s C0f nufgL cfly{s
jif{ @)^*^( df cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf !@=& k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf]df
o; cfly{s jif{df ^&=& k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= @) ca{ @@ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . To:t},
cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* / @)^*^( df ;/sf/sf] s'n vr{sf] sl/j ^ k|ltzt
/sd cfGtl/s tyf jfXo C0fsf] ;fFjf e'QmfgLdf vr{ x'g] u/]sf]df o; jif{ o;sf]
lx:;fdf j[l4 eO{ &=^ k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . cfGtl/s C0fsf]] ;fFjf e'QmfgL cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df ?= ^ ca{ ^@ sf/f]8 /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df !@^=$
k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= !% ca{ k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . o; cfly{s jif{sf] nflu ljlgof]lht
/sdsf cfwf/df cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* b]lv @)^(&) sf] cjlwsf] s'n vr{sf]
cf};t j[l4b/ !%=( k|ltzt /x]g] b]lvG5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] s'n ;/sf/L vr{ cl3Nnf] cfly{s
jif{sf] t'ngfdf !^=% k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= ! va{ ^& ca{ @& s/f]8 k'u]sf] lyof] .
t/ cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] s'n vr{ cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(
sf] t'ngfdf !!=* k|ltztn] sd eO{ ?= ! va{ $& ca{ $& s/f]8df ;Lldt /x]sf]
5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] s'n vr{dWo] rfn' vr{ ?= ! va{
#! ca{ ^% s/f]8, k'FhLut vr{ ?= !# ca{ %$ s/f]8, ;fFjf e'QmfgL ?= @( s/f]8,
;+:yfgxdf z]o/ nufgL ?= *& s/f]8 / C0f nufgL ?= ! ca{ !! s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] vr{sf] t'ngfdf o; cfly{s jif{sf]
;f]xL cjlwdf cfGtl/s C0fsf] ;fFjf e'QmfgL vr{df dfq j[l4 ePsf] 5 . ut jif{sf]
k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] vr{sf] t'ngfdf rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] rfn' vr{df #=( k|ltzt,

2.7

21

k'FhLut vr{df !^=@ k|ltzt, z]o/ nufgLdf *@=( k|ltzt, C0f nufgLdf !!=$ /
jfXo C0fsf] ;fFjf e'QmfgLdf (&=@ k|ltztn] sdL cfPsf] 5 .
tflnsf @ -v_ M ;/sf/L vr{sf] ljj/0f
?= s/f]8df

ljj/0f

2067/68

/sd

rfn' vr{
4732.77
k'FhLut vr{
994.36
z]o/ nufgL vr{
1070.39
cfGtl/s C0f nufgL
cfGtl/s C0fsf] ;fFjf
600.24
e'StfgL
j}b]lzs C0fsf] ;fFjf
1121.81
e'QmfgL vr{
29536.3
hDdf vr{
*cg'dflgt
;|ft] M dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{no .
21016.8

2068/69

k|ltzt

/sd

2069/70*

k|ltzt

/sd

k|ltzt

71.16

24346.0

71.78

27901.1

68.92

16.02

5139.07

15.15

6613.46

16.34

3.37

1209.38

3.57

859.87

2.12

3.62

1206.37

3.56

2022.91

5.00

2.03

662.68

1.95

1500.54

3.71

3.80

1353.24

3.99

1584.57

3.91

100

33916.8

100

40482.5

100

k'hLut vr{
2.8

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k'FhLut vr{ ^^ ca{ !# s/f]8dWo] cfly{s dfldnfdf ;a}
eGbf a9L ?= $# ca{ #$ s/f]8 -^%=% k|ltzt_ vr{ x'g] cg'dfg 5 . cfly{s jif{
@)^^^& b]lv cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Ddsf] cjlwdf klg s'n k'FhLut vr{sf]
b'O{ ltxfO{ /sd cfly{s dfldnfdf g} vr{ x'g] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^^^&
b]lv cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) ;Ddsf] k'FhLut vr{sf] bf]>f] 7"nf] lx:;f cfjf; tyf
;fd'bflos ;'ljwfdf vr{ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k'FhLut vr{df
o;sf] lx:;f !#=@ k|ltzt /x]sf]df o; cfly{s jif{df @ k|ltztn] sdL eO{ !!=#
k|ltztdf em/]]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* / @)^*^( df ;fdfGo ;fj{hlgs
;]jfdf s'n k'FhLut vr{sf] @=% k|ltzt vr{ x'g] u/]sf]df o; cfly{s jif{df o;sf]
lx:;fdf pNn]Vo j[l4 eO{ &=* k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iffdf
k'FhLut vr{sf] lx:;f cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df sl/j * k|ltzt /x]sf]df To;
kl5sf jif{xdf qmdzM 36\b} uO{ o; cfly{s jif{df %=^ k|ltztdf ;Lldt x'g
k'u]sf] 5 . :jf:Yo ;]jfdf k'FhLut vr{sf] c+z cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{ ^=^ k|ltzt
/x]sf]df o; cfly{s jif{ $=( k|ltztdf em/]sf] 5 . jftfj/0f ;+/If0f, lzIff,
;fdflhs ;'/Iff / dgf]/~hg, ;F:s[lt tyf wd{ h:tf sfo{df k'FhLut vr{sf] c+z !
k|ltzt eGbf sd /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

2.9

cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] k'FhLut vr{sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df
/Iffdf ;a} eGbf a9L @(=* k|ltztn] k'FhLut vr{ j[l4 ePsf] lyof] eg] o; cfly{s
22

jif{df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] t'ngfdf ;fdfGo ;fj{hlgs ;]jfdf ;a}eGbf a9L
#!@=& k|ltztn] k'FhLut vr{ j9]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df jftfj/0f
;+/If0f, :jf:Yo Pj+ dgf]/~hg, ;+:s[lt tyf wd{df k'FhLut vr{ cl3Nnf] cfly{s
jif{sf] t'ngfdf qmdzM !%=^, #=# / *=! k|ltztn] 36]sf] 5 eg] /Iff, cfjf; tyf
;fd'bflos ;'ljwf / ;fdflhs ;'/Iff h:tf ;]jfsf] k'FhLut vr{sf] j[l4b/ cl3Nnf]
cfly{s jif{df @(=*, @!=% / !@=$ k|ltzt /x]sf]df o; jif{ !%=!, !)=# / #=#
k|ltztdf ;Lldt /xg]] b]lvG5 . t/ ;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff / cfly{s dfldnf h:tf
sfo{df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] t'ngfdf k'FhLut vr{ o; cfly{s jif{df qmdzM
!^ / @* k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 .
tflnsf @ -u_ M k'hLut vr{sf] ;]jf tyf sfo{ut ljj/0f
?= s/f]8df

ljj/0f

2066/67
/sd
k|ltzt

;fdfGo
172.3
4.3
;fj{hlgs ;]jf
108.7
2.7
/Iff
;fj{hlgs zflGt
321.0
7.9
;'/Iff
2631.1 65.0
cfly{s dfldnf
71.6
1.8
jftfj/0f ;+/If0f
cfjfz tyf
485.0 12.0
;fd'bflos
;'ljwf
219.6
5.4
:jf:Yo
dgf]/~hg,
13.9
0.3
;F:s[lt tyf wd{
10.1
0.2
lzIff
17.6
0.4
;fdflhs ;'/Iff
hDdf 4050.9 100
*cg'dflgt
;|ft] M dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{no .
2.10

2067/68
/sd
k|ltzt

2068/69
/sd
k|ltzt

2069/70*
/sd
k|ltzt

120.5

2.5

125.4

2.4

517.7

7.8

144.6

3.1

187.8

3.7

216.1

3.3

354.8

7.5

319.0

6.2

370.2

5.6

3141.7
46.0

66.4
1.0

3387.9
45.2

65.9
0.9

4334.9
38.2

65.5
0.6

558.3

11.8

678.4

13.2

748.6

11.3

314.3

6.6

337.5

6.6

326.3

4.9

14.3

0.3

20.2

0.4

18.6

0.3

17.1
21.1

0.4
0.4

13.9
23.7

0.3
0.5

18.3
24.5

0.3
0.4

4732.6

100

5139.1

100

6613.3

100

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ?= !^ ca{ !% s/f]8 k'FhLut vr{
ePsf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]] k'FhLut vr{sf]
t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf k'FhLut vr{ !(=( k|ltztn]
36]sf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf k'FhLut vr{ cfly{s
jif{ @)^*^( sf] t'ngfdf !^=@ k|ltztn] 36]/ hDdf ?= !# ca{ %$ s/f]8 dfq
vr{ ePsf] 5 . o;f] x'g'df o; cfly{s jif{sf] ;'?df k"0f{ ah]6 gcfpg' / ah]6
;DjGwL cGof}ntf /xg' k|d'v sf/0f /x]sf] 5 . t/ ljut jif{xdf klg o:tf] /sd
cfly{s jif{sf] cGtdf dfq vr{ x'g] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . of] k|j[lQ ;/sf/L vr{ k|0ffnLsf]
ljz]iftfsf] kdf b]vf k/]sf] 5 .
23

rfn' vr{
2.11

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] rfn' vr{ ?= @ va{ &( ca{dWo] ;a} eGbf a9L ?= *#
ca{ @! s/f]8 -@(=* k|ltzt_ ;fdfGo ;fj{hlgs ;]jfdf vr{ x'g] cg'dfg 5 .
cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] rfn' vr{dWo] lzIff ;]jfdf ;a}eGbf a9L ?= ^! ca{ (!
s/f]8 -@%=$ k|ltzt_ vr{ ePsf] lyof] eg] cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& / @)^&^* df
klg lzIff ;]jfdf g} rfn' vr{sf] Ps rf}yfO /sd vr{ ePsf] lyof] . o; jif{ o:tf]
vr{df s]xL sdL eO{ @@=& k|ltztdf emg]{ b]lvG5 . :jf:Yo ;]jfdf cl3Nnf
jif{xdf rfn' vr{sf] * k|ltzt vr{ x'g] u/]sf]df o; cfly{s jif{df & k|ltzt
vr{ 5'6\ofOPsf] 5 . jftfj/0f ;+/If0f / dgf]/~hg, ;F:s[lt tyf wd{df rfn' vr{sf]
c+z ! k|ltzt eGbf sd /x]sf] 5 . rfn' vr{sf] *=% k|ltzt /Iffdf vr{ x'g]
u/]sf]df o; jif{ ^=( k|ltzt dfq ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff,
cfly{s dfdnf / ;fdflhs ;'/Iff ;]jfdf o; jif{sf] rfn' vr{sf] c+z cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( s} xf/fxf/Ldf -qmdzM !@=^, !$=$ / $=@ k|ltzt_ /xg] b]lvG5 .
tflnsf @ -3_ M rfn' vr{sf] ;]jf tyf sfo{ut ljj/0f
2066/67

ljj/0f
/sd
k|ltzt
4091.3 21.9
;fdfGo ;fj{hlgs ;]jf
1672.8
9.0
/Iff
2344.1 12.6
;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff
2984.4 16.0
cfly{s dfldnf
64.0
0.3
jftfj/0f ;+/If0f
257.2
1.4
cfjfz tyf ;fd'bflos ;'ljwf
1576.1
8.4
:jf:Yo
130.3
0.7
dgf]/~hg, ;F:s[lt tyf wd{
4611.1 24.7
lzIff
928.4
5.0
;fdflhs ;'/Iff
18659.6 100.0
hDdf
*cg'dflgt
;|ft] M dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{no .
2.12

2067/68

2068/69

?= s/f]8df

2069/70*

/sd

k|ltzt

/sd

k|ltzt

/sd

4626.7

22.0

5455.0

22.4

8321.4

k|ltzt
29.8

1754.7

8.3

2078.0

8.5

1920.8

6.9

2558.9

12.2

3607.5

14.8

3505.7

12.6

3465.2

16.5

3473.7

14.3

4014.2

14.4

63.7

0.3

46.5

0.2

52.4

0.2

289.8

1.4

323.4

1.3

509.7

1.8

1673.2

8.0

1949.5

8.0

1921.2

6.9

127.9

0.6

186.4

0.8

172.1

0.6

5481.6

26.1

6191.4

25.4

6324.9

22.7

974.9

4.6

1034.5

4.2

1158.7

4.2

21016.6 100.0 24346.0 100.0 27901.1 100.0

;]jf / sfo{ut kdf rfn' vr{df ePsf] j[l4sf] ljZn]if0f ubf{ cfly{s jif{
@)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df cfjf; tyf ;fd'bflos ;'ljwfdf
;a} eGbf a9L &) k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] lyof] eg] o; cfly{s jif{df klg oxL
;]jfdf g} ;a} eGbf a9L %* k|ltztn] vr{ j[l4 ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(
df ;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iffdf $! k|ltzt, :jf:Yodf !^ k|ltzt, dgf]/~hg, ;+:s[lt
tyf wd{df $^ k|ltztn] rfn' vr{df j[l4 ePsf]df o; cfly{s jif{df o:tf] ;]jfsf]
rfn' vr{df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] t'ngfdf qmdzM #, ! / * k|ltztn] sdL
cfPsf] 5 . ;fdfGo ;fdflhs ;]jfsf] rfn' vr{df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df sl/j
!* k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf]df o; cfly{s jif{df %@ k|ltztn] j[l4 ul/Psf] 5 .
24

2.13

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df /Iff tkm{sf] rfn' vr{df ^=& k|ltztn] sdL cfPsf]df
o; jif{ klg &=^ k|ltztn] 36]sf] 5 . o; cfly{s jif{df cfly{s dfldnf, jftfj/0f
;+/If0f / ;fdflhs ;'/Iff h:tf ;]jfsfo{sf] rfn' vr{df cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf]
t'ngfdf qmdzM !%=^, !@=& / !@ k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf rfn' vr{ ?= ! va{ #& ca{ # s/f]8
vr{ ePsf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] ;f]xL cjlw o:tf] vr{df ut cfly{s jif{sf]
t'ngfdf #=( k|ltztn] 36]/ hDdf ?= ! va{ #! ca{ ^% s/f]8 vr{ ePsf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf]
;f]xL cjlwdf rfn' vr{df @^=$ k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] lyof] .

;/sf/L cfo
2.14

cflYf{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ;/sf/sf] cfodf
!^=! df k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= @ va{ *% ca{ #& s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 eg] o; cfly{s
jif{df ;/sf/sf] cfodf !(=% k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ # va{ $) ca{ (* s/f]8 k'Ug]
cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& b]lv cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] ;/sf/L
cfosf] ;|f]t cg';f/ k|fKt /sdsf] ljj/0f tflnsf @-_ df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
/fh:j / j}b]lzs cg'bfg ;/sf/sf cfDbfgLsf k|d'v ;|f]tsf kdf /x]sf 5g\ .
C0f nufgLsf] ;fFjf lkmtf{ ;/sf/sf] csf]{ cfo ;|f]t eP klg o;sf] of]ubfg Go"g 5
. ;/sf/sf] vr{ o:tf] cfDbfgL eGbf a9L ePsf] cj:yfdf jfXo tyf cfGtl/s C0f
/ gub df}Hbftdf kl/jt{g u/L vr{ h'6fpg] k|rng ljZje/ g} /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnn]
klg /fh:j, cg'bfg / ;fFjf lkmtf{sf] /sdjf6 vr{ wfGg g;s]sf]n] jfXo tyf
cfGtl/s C0f p7fpg] ljleGg pks/0fxsf] pkof]u u/L vr{sf] nflu cfjZos
/sd h'6fpb} cfPsf] 5 .
tflnsf @ -_ M ;/sf/L cfosf] ljj/0f
?= s/f]8df
ljj/0f
s/ /fh:j
u}x|s/ /fh:j
s'n /fh:j
j}b]lzs cg'bfg
C0fsf] ;fFjf lkmtf{
s'n ;/sf/L cfo
*cg'dflgt

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

15978.53

17722.71

21172.26

25257.25

1820.56

2114.87

3265.15

3703.24

17799.09

19837.63

24437.41

28960.49

3854.60

4592.22

4081.03

4698.92

195.40

144.27

18.70

439.50

21849.08

24574.07

28537.14

34098.91

;|f]t M dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{no .

2.15

;/sf/sf] cfosf ;|f]txdWo] cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& b]lv cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(
;Ddsf] cjlwdf s/ /fh:j k|To]s jif{ cf};t @!=% k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 eg]
25

2.16

;fFjf lkmtf{jf6 ;/sf/n] k|fKt ug]{ cfodf k|To]s jif{ pNn]Vo kdf sdL cfPsf]
5 . u}x|s/ /fh:jdf cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf
@)=% k|ltztn] sdL cfPsf] lyof] eg] cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df !^=@ k|ltztn]
j[l4 ePsf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df %$=$ k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] b]lvG5 .
j}b]lzs cg'bfg cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df $^=! k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf]df cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf !!=! k|ltztn] sdL cfPsf] b]lvG5
eg] rfn' jif{ !%=! k|ltztn] j9\g] cg'dfg 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] ;/sf/sf] s'n vr{sf] &@=! k|ltzt /fh:j, !@ k|ltzt
j}b]lzs cg'bfg, )=! k|ltzt C0fsf] ;fFjf lkmtf{ / afFsL !%=( k|ltzt cfGtl/s
tyf jfXo C0fjf6 k"lt{ ul/Psf] lyof] eg] cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] s'n vr{df
/fh:jsf] of]ubfg &!=% k|ltzt, j}b]lzs cg'bfgsf] !!=^ k|ltzt, C0fsf] ;fFjf
lkmtf{sf] !=! k|ltzt / cfGtl/s tyf jfXo C0fsf] !%=* /xg] cg'dfg 5 . cflYf{s
jif{ @)^^^& b]lv @)^(&) ;Ddsf] ;/sf/L vr{sf] k"lt{ ug]{ ;|f]tsf] ljZn]if0f
ubf{ /fh:jsf] of]ubfg cflYf{s jif{ @)^^^& df ^*=% k|ltzt /x]sf]df cflYf{s jif{
@)^*^( df j9]/ &@=! k|ltzt;Dd k'u]sf] b]lvG5 . To:t}, j}b]lzs cg'bfgsf]
of]ubfg cflYf{s jif{ @)^&^* df !%=% k|ltzt /x]sf]df To; kl5sf jif{xdf
36g] qmd ;' eO{ o; cfly{s jif{;Dd cfOk'Ubf !!=^ k|ltztdf ;Lldt ePsf] 5 .

/fh:j
2.17

2.18

cflYf{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df /fh:j kl/rfng
@#=@ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= @ va{ $$ ca{ #& s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . cflYf{s jif{
@)^(&) df cl3Nnf] cflYf{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf /fh:j ;ng !*=% k|ltztn] j[l4
eO{ ?= @ va{ *( ca{ ^) s/f]8 k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . cflYf{s jif{ @)^^^& df s'n
/fh:jdf s/ /fh:jsf] of]ubfg *(=* k|ltzt /x]sf]df To; kl5sf cfly{s
jif{xdf o;sf] of]ubfg qmdzM sd eO{ cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df *^=^ k|ltztdf
em/]sf] / s'n /fh:jdf u}x|s/ /fh:jsf] of]ubfg s]xL j[l4 ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;
clfy{s jif{df s'n /fh:jdf s/ /fh:jsf] of]ubfgdf j[l4 eO{ *&=@ k|ltzt k'Ug]
cg'dfg 5 .
cflYf{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df s/ /fh:j !(=%
k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= @ va{ !! ca{ &@ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 eg] o; cflYf{s jif{df
cl3Nnf] cflYf{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf !(=# k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= @ va{ %@ ca{ %&
s/f]8 k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df s/ /fh:jdf j:t' tyf ;]jfdf
cfwfl/t s/sf] of]ubfg %@ k|ltzt eGbf a9L /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) ;Dd
klg o;sf] of]ubfg o;s} xf/fxf/Ldf /x]sf] 5 . j:t' tyf ;]jfdf cfwfl/t s/
/sdsf] sl/j b'O{ ltxfO{ d"No clej[l4 s/af6 k|fKt x'g] u/]sf] 5 . o; cfly{s
jif{df cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf j:t' tyf ;]jfdf cfwfl/t s/ @@=#
k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= ! va{ #% ca{ @% s/f]8 k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . of] /sd o;
26

cfly{s jif{ ;+sng ul/g] s'n /fh:jsf] nIosf] $^=& k|ltzt xf] .
tflnsf @ -r_ M /fh:j cfDbfgLsf] ljj/0f
ljj/0f

2067/68

/sd

cfo, d'gfkmf tyf k'FhLut nfedf nfUg] s/ 4135.0

71.0
kfl/>ldsdf cfwfl/t s/
357.2
;DklQ s/
9479.3
j:t' tyf ;]jfdf cfwfl/t s/
3571.4
j}b]lzs Jofkf/df cfwfl/t s/
108.8
cGo s/
17722.71
s'n s/ /fh:j
1296.4
;DklQjf6 k|fKt cfo
244.8
j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] ljqmLjf6 k|fKt /sd
13.4
b08 hl/jfgf / hkmt
0.2
cg'bfg afx]s :j]lR5s x:tfGt/0f
560.1
ljljw /fh:j
2114.9
s'n u}x|s/ /fh:j
19837.59
s'n /fh:j
*cg'dflgt
;|ft] M dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{no .
2.19

2.20

?= s/f]8df

2068/69

k|ltzt

/sd

2069/70*

k|ltzt

/sd

k|ltzt

20.8

5130.3

21.0

6168.1

21.3

0.4

155.5

0.6

178.6

0.6

1.8

358.8

1.5

421.2

1.5

47.8 11056.1

45.2 13525.1

46.7

18.0

4339.1

17.8 4744.5

16.4

0.5

132.4

89.3 21172.3

219.8

0.8

86.6 25257.2

0.5

87.2

6.4

1765.3

7.2

2096.5

1.2

691.3

2.8

746.8

2.6

0.1

31.6

0.1

34.4

0.1

0.0

0.1

0.0

0.1

0.0

2.8

776.9

3.2

825.3

2.8

10.7

3265.1

13.4

3703.2

12.8

100.0 28960.4

100.0

100.0 24437.4

7.2

cfo, d'gfkmf tyf k'FhLut nfedf nfUg] s/ cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df cl3Nnf]
cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf @$ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= %! ca{ #) s/f]8 k'u]sf]df o;
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df @)=@ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= ^! ca{ ^* s/f]8 k'Ug]
cg'dfg 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df cfo, d'gfkmf tyf k'FhLut nfedf nfUg]
s/sf] cfo s'n /fh:jsf] !( k|ltzt / s/ /fh:jsf] @!=@ k|ltzt /x]sf]df cfly{s
jif{ @)^*^( df o;sf] of]ubfg s'n /fh:jsf] @! k|ltzt / s/ /fh:jsf] @$=@
k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df cfo, d'gfkmf tyf k'FhLut nfedf
nfUg] s/sf] cfodf lgsfosf] cfodf nfUg] s/sf] of]ubfg %(=$ k|ltzt /x]sf]df
o; jif{ )=^ k|ltztn] sd eO{ %*=* k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf /xg] cg'dfg 5 .
cflYf{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df u}x|s/ /fh:j %$=$
k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= #@ ca{ ^% s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 eg] o; cflYf{s jif{df cl3Nnf]
cflYf{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf !#=$ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= #& ca{ # s/f]8 k'Ug] cg'dfg
5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df u}x|s/ /fh:jdf ;DklQjf6 k|fKt cfosf] of]ubfg
^#=& k|ltzt /x]sf]df o; kl5sf cfly{s jif{df qmdzM sd x'Fb} cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df %$=! k|ltztdf em/]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ;DklQjf6
k|fKt cfodf nfefz+ / ef8f tyf /f]oN6Lsf] lx:;f qmdzM %#=$ / #^=& k|ltzt
/x]sf] 5 eg] Jofhsf] of]ubfg (=( k|ltzt /x]sf] b]lvG5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(
df cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf ;DklQjf6 k|fKt cfodf #^=@
27

2.21

k|ltzt, j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] ljqmLjf6 k|fKt /sd !*@=$ k|ltzt, b08 hl/jfgf /
hkmtaf6 k|fKt /sddf !#%=( k|ltzt / ljljw /fh:j #*=& k|ltztn] j[l4
ePsf]df o; cfly{s jif{df qmdzM !*=*, *, ( / ^=@ k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g] cg'dfg
5.
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf s'n /fh:j cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf]
;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf @@=* k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= ! va{ $# ca{ *% s/f]8
k'u]sf] lyof] eg] o; cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf @$=@ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= ! va{
&* ca{ ^* s/f]8 ;+sng ePsf] 5 . o; cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]
cjlwdf ;+slnt s'n /fh:jdf s/ /fh:jsf] c+z *&=^ k|ltzt / u}x|s/ /fh:jsf]
c+z !@=$ k|ltzt 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] t'ngfdf
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df s/ /fh:j / u}x|s/ /fh:j qmdzM !&=& k|ltzt /
^*=* k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf]df o; cfly{s jif{df s/ /fh:jdf @%=! k|ltzt /
u}x|s/ /fh:jdf !&=( k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . o; cfly{s jif{df u}x|s/ /fh:jsf]
j[l4b/df ut uif{sf] t'ngfdf sl/j %) k|ltzt ljGb'n] sdL cfPsf] 5 .

j}b]lzs cg'bfg
2.22

cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df j}b]lzs cg'bfg ?= $% ca{ (@ s/f]8 k|fKt ePsf]df

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= $) ca{ *! s/f]8 dfq k|fKt ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{
@)^&^* df cg'bfg cfodf cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& sf] t'ngfdf !(=$
k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df !!=# k|ltztn] sdL cfPsf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf ;/sf/nfO{ k|fKt x'g]
cg'bfgdf !%=! k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= $^ ca{ (* s/f]8 k|fKt x'g] cg'dfg 5 .
;/sf/nfO{ k|fKt x'g] s'n cg'bfg cfodf cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df jx'kIfLo
cg'bfgsf] c+z %@=& k|ltzt /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o:tf] cg'bfg
/sddf %)=% k|ltztn] sdL eO{ o;sf] c+z @(=# k|ltztdf em/]sf] 5 . cfly{s
jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] cjlwdf j}b]lzs cg'bfg ?= !$ ca{ *&
s/f]8 k|fKt ePsf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf hDdf ?= * ca{ (* s/f]8
k|fKt ePsf] 5 . of] ut jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf k|fKt cg'bfg /sd eGbf #(=^
k|ltztn] sd 5 .

ah]6 3f6f / Go"g ljQ kl/rfng

2.23

;/sf/nfO{ k|fKt x'g] /fh:j tyf j}b]lzs cg'bfgsf] kdf k|fKt x'g] cfo vr{sf]
kl/df0fsf] t'ngfdf sd ePsf] cj:yfnfO{ ah]6 3f6f jf Go"g ljQsf] cj:yf eGg]
j'lemG5 . o:tf] ah]6 3f6f jf Go"g ljQsf] cj:yfdf ;/sf/n] cfkm"nfO{ vr{sf]
nflu cfjZos gk'u /sd gub df}Hbftdf kl/j{tg u/]/ jf cfGtl/s tyf cGo
ljb]zL d'n's Pj+ bft[ lgsfoxjf6 C0f k|fKt u/L jf oL b'j} pkfox ckgfO{
h'6fpg] u/]sf] x'G5 . g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] vr{ eGbf cfo sd
28

ePsfn] nfdf] ;dob]lv g]kfndf Go"g ljQsf] l:ylt /x]sf] b]lvG5 . ;/sf/n] o:tf]
Go"g ljQ gub df}Hbftdf kl/jt{g Pj+ cfGtl/s tyf jfXo C0fsf] kl/rfng u/L
k"lt{ ug]{ u/]sf] 5 . tflnsf g+= @-5_ df cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& b]lv @)^(&)
;Ddsf] Go"g ljQsf] l:ylt / To;sf] k"lt{ ug]{ ;|f]tsf] ljj/0f k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf @ -5_ M ah]6 3f6f / 3f6f k"lt{sf] ljj/0f
?= s/f]8df

ljj/0f
vr{
;/sf/L cfo
ah]6 3f6f

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

25968.91

29536.34

33916.75

40482.47

21849.18

24574.12

28537.14

34098.92

4119.73

4962.22

5379.61

6383.55

1122.34
j}b]lzs C0f
2991.40
cfGtl/s C0f
5.99
df}Hbft kl/jt{g -_ art
*cg'dflgt
;|ft] M dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{no .

1207.56

1108.31

2583.55

4251.58

3641.87

3800.00

-496.91

629.44

0.00

jh]6 3f6f k"lt{sf] >f]t

2.24

2.25

;/sf/L ah]6 3f6f cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf
@)=$ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= $( ca{ ^@ s/f]8 k'u]sf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(
df o:tf] 3f6f *=$ k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf]df o; cfly{s jif{df !*=& k|ltztn] j[l4
eO{ ?= ^# ca{ *# s/f]8 k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df cl3Nnf]
cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf Go"g ljQ !&=# k|ltztn] 36]/ ?= $! ca{ !( s/f]8df
em/]sf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df Go"g ljQ s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgsf] #=^
k|ltzt /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df #=% k|ltztdf em/]sf] 5 eg] o;
cfly{s jif{df #=& k|ltzt k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 .
;/sf/n] ah]6 3f6f k"lt{ ug{ kl/rfng u/]sf] j}b]lzs C0f cfly{s jif{ @)^&^*
df ?= !@ ca{ & s/f]8 /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df *=@ k|ltztn] 36]/ ?=
!! ca{ * s/f]8df em/]sf] 5 eg] cfGtl/s C0f ?= $@ ca{ %! s/f]8 ePsf]df
!$=# k|ltztn] 36]/ ?= #^ ca{ $! s/f]8df em/]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df
s'n Go"g ljQ ?= %# ca{ &( s/f]8 /x]sf]df j}b]lzs tyf cfGtl/s C0faf6 hDdf
?= $& ca{ %) s/f]8 dfq k"lt{ ePsfn] gk'u ?= ^ ca{ @( s/f]8 df}Hbft
kl/jt{gaf6 Joxf]l/Psf] lyof] . o; cfly{s jif{sf] ah]6 3f6f k"lt{ ug{ j}b]lzs C0f
?= @% ca{ ## s/f]8 / cfGtl/s C0f ?= #* ca{ p7fpg] nIo 5 . of] /sd
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df p7fPsf] j}b]lzs C0f eGbf !##=! k|ltzt / cfGtl/s
C0f eGbf $=$ k|ltztn] a9L 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf
j}b]lzs C0f ?= ! ca{ ^) s/f]8 k|fKt ePsf] 5 eg] cfGtl/s C0f p7fOPsf] 5}g .
29

s'n ;fj{hlgs C0f / e'QmfgL nut

2.26

2.27

2.28

;fj{hlgs C0fsf] e"ldsf ;/sf/sf] Go"g ljQ k"lt{ ug{df dfq ;Lldt geO{ b]zsf]
;du| cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu cfjZos ef}lts k"jf{wf/xsf] lgdf{0fdf klg o;sf]
dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 . tyflk k|To]s jif{ ;/sf/sf] ah]6 3f6f k"lt{ ug{ p7fO{g]
cfGtl/s tyf j}b]lzs C0fsf] /sdn] g]kfnn] ltg'{ kg]{ cfGtl/s tyf jfXo C0fsf]
bfloTj j[l4 x'Fb} hfg] u/]sf] 5 . ljZjsf sltko d'n'sxn] cfkm"n] ltg{ kg]{ C0f
;dodf ltg{ g;s]sf] sf/0fjf6 ljleGg lsl;dsf ;+s6xsf] ;fdgf ug'{ k/]sf]
pbfx/0fx b]vfkl//x]sf] ;Gbe{nfO{ ljrf/ u/L g]kfnn] klg ;fj{hlgs C0fdf
cGt/lglxt hf]lvdxsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ tkm{ ;f]Rg' h/L eO;s]sf] 5 . cfly{s
jif{ @)^&^* df g]kfnn] jfXo tyf cfGtl/s kdf lnPsf] ltg{ jfFsL C0fsf]
bfloTj cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf (=* k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= $ va{ $# ca{
^# s/f]8 k'usf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o:tf] /sddf !&=( k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{
?= % va{ @# ca{ @) s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . ltg{ afFsL s'n C0fdf j}b]lzs C0fsf] c+z
%(=) k|ltzt 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df eg] o:tf] bfloTjdf !=) k|ltztn]
dfq j[l4 ePsf] lyof] .
;fj{hlgs C0fsf] kl/df0fdf j[l4 x'Fb} hfg'df ;/sf/n] k|To]s jif{ lng] yk C0f
k|d'v sf/0f ePtf klg o;sf cltl/St ;/sf/n] ljut jif{xdf ljb]zL d'b|fdf
lnPsf] C0fsf] bfloTjdf g]kfnL k}Fofsf] ljb]zL d'b|fsf] ljlgdo b/df ePsf]
kl/j{tg klg yk sf/0fsf] kdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] cGtdf
j}b]lzs C0f ?= @ va{ %( ca{ %) s/f]8 /x]sf], ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(
df ?= !% ca{ &) s/f]8 Go"g ljQ k"lt{sf nflu j}b]lzs C0f lnPsf] / of] cjlwdf
j}b]lzs C0f ?= !# ca{ %# s/f]8 ;fFjf e'QmfgL u/]sf]n] v'b j}b]lzs C0fdf ?= @
ca{ !^ s/f]8n] dfq j[l4 ePsf] xf] tfklg o; cfly{s jif{sf] cGtdf ltg{ afFsL
j}b]lzs C0f ?= $( ca{ &# s/f]8n] a9]/ hDdf ?= # va{ ( ca{ @* s/f]8 k'u]sf]
5 . o;/L lnPsf] C0f eGbf a9Ln] j[l4 ePsf] ;fj{hlgs C0f jfktsf] bfloTj ?=
$& ca{ %^ s/f]8 g]kfnL d'b|fsf] ljb]zL d'b|f;Fusf] ljlgdob/df ePsf] cjd"Nogsf
sf/0fn] l;h{gf ePsf] xf] . ;/sf/sf] ltg{ jfFsL s'n ;fj{hlgs C0fsf] kl/df0fdf
ljlgdo b/sf] sf/0f yk l;h{gf ePsf] o:tf] bfloTjnfO{ ;dfof]hg ug]{ xf] eg] s'n
j}b]lzs C0f jfktsf] bfloTj sd x'G5 .
xfnsf jif{xdf ;/sf/n] kl/rfng ug]{ C0fdWo] j}b]lzs C0fdf sdL cfPsf] 5
eg] cfGtl/s C0f kl/rfngdf j[l4 x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^#^$ df s'n
;fj{hlgs C0fdf j}b]lzs C0fsf] c+z ^&=% k|ltzt /x]sf]df o;sf] c+sdf j[l4 x'Fb}
cfly{s jif{ @)^%^^ df ^(=# k|ltzt;Dd k'u]sf]df To; kl5sf jif{xdf o;df
sdL cfpFb} uPsf] / cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df %(=! k|ltztdf ;Lldt ePsf]
b]lvG5 . b]zsf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf ;fj{hlgs C0fsf] c+zsf] ljZn]if0f ubf{
xfnsf jif{xdf s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf o;sf] c+z 36\b} uPsf] b]lvG5 . cfly{s
jif{ @)^$^% df ;fj{hlgs C0fsf] c+z s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgsf] $$=( k|ltzt
30

2.29

/x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* ;Dd cfOk'Ubf #@=# k|ltztdf em/]sf] lyof] . cfly{s
jif{ @)^*^( df o;df s]xL j[l4 eO{ #$=! k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . s'n ufx{:y
pTkfbgdf ;fj{hlgs C0fsf] c+zsf cfwf/df g]kfnsf] ;fj{hlgs C0fsf] kl/df0f
lrGtfhgs cj:yfdf /x]sf] b]lvb}g tfklg o;nfO{ sd ub{} hfg' ;fj{hlgs C0f
Joj:yfkgsf b[li6sf]0fn] pko'Qm g} x'G5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df ;fj{hlgs C0fsf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh e'QmfgLdf hDdf ?=
@( ca{ (% s/f]8 vr{ ePsf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o:tf] vr{df !&=(
k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= #% ca{ #@ s/f]8 k'u]sf]] 5 . ;fj{hlgs C0fsf] ;fFjf tyf
Aofh e'QmfgLsf] nflu k|To]s jif{ ;/sf/sf] s'n vr{sf] !) k|ltzteGbf a9L /sd
vr{ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] cGTodf ;/sf/n]
ltg{ afFsL ;fj{hlgs C0f ?= % va{ !! ca{ !! s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . h'g @)^( c;f/
d;fGtsf] t'ngfdf @=# k|ltztn] sd xf] . o; cjlwdf ltg{ afFsL /x]sf] s'n
C0fdf j}b]lzs C0fsf] c+z %*=^ k|ltzt 5 .
600
500
400
300
200
100
0

cfGtl/s C0f
2.30

2.31

50
40
30
20
10
0

a}b]lzs C0f

s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf C0fsf] c+z -k|ltzt_

= ca{df

rf6{ @ -s_ M ;fj{hlgs C0f / ufx{:y pTkfbgdf o;sf] c+; -k|ltztdf_

s"n ufx{:y pTkfbgsf] t'ngfdf C0fsf] k|ltzt

cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& sf] cGtdf v'b ltg{ afFsL j}b]lzs C0f ?= @ va{ %^ ca{
@$ s/f]8 /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df !=# k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ v'b ltg{ afFsL
j}b]lzs C0f ?= @ va{ %( ca{ %% s/f]8 k'u]sf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf]
cGtdf o:tf] ltg{ afFsL j}b]lzs C0fdf !(=@ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= # va{ ( ca{
@* s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df ?= !# ca{ *$ s/f]8 yk j}b]lzs
C0f k|fKt ePsf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= !% ca{ &) s/f]8 k|fKt ePsf]
lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] cGtdf /x]sf] v'b ltg{ afFsL j}b]lzs C0f / s'n
ufx{:y pTkfbgsf] cg'kft @)=! k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . of] cg'kft cfly{s jif{
@)^&^* df !*=( k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] .
@)^& sf] c;f/ d;fGt;Dd ltg{ jfFsL s'n cfGtl/s C0f ?= ! va{ $& ca{ ^^
31

2.32

s/f]8 /x]sf]df @)^* c;f/ d;fGtdf @$=& k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= ! va{ *$ ca{
@) s/f]8 k'u]sf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] cGtdf o:tf] ltg{ afFsL C0f
!^=@ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= @ va{ !# ca{ (@ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . ljut s]xL jif{b]lv
;/sf/n] ltg{ afFsL cfGtl/s C0fdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+snfO{ ltg'{ kg{] C0fsf] c+z 36\b}
uPsf] 5 eg] jfl0fHo j}s tyf cGo ;+:Yffut Pj+ JolQmxnfO{ ltg{ afFsL C0fsf]
c+zdf j[l4 x'Fb} uPsf] b]lvG5 . @)^* c;f/ d;fGtdf ltg{ afFsL /x]sf] s'n
cfGtl/s C0fdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] c+z !(=* k|ltzt, jfl0fHo a}+sxsf] %&=%
k|ltzt / cGo ;+:yf tyf lghL If]qsf] c+z @@=& k|ltzt /x]sf]df @)^( c;f/
d;fGtdf o;sf] c+z qmdzM !%=% k|ltzt, ^)=# k|ltzt / @$=@ k|ltzt /x]sf]
b]lvG5 . cfGtl/s C0fdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] c+zdf sdL x'Fb} hfg' tyf o:tf] C0fdf
jfl0fHo a}+s tyf cGo ;+:Yffut Pj+ JolQmut nufgLstf{sf] nufgL a9\g'n] ;/sf/
Go"g ljQ k"lt{sf nflu s]lGb|o j}sdf lge{/ geO{ k'FhL ahf/df e/ kb}{ hfg yfn]sf]
tkm{ ;+s]t ub{5 . o;nfO{ ;fj{hlgs ljQ Joj:yfkgsf] ;jn kIfsf] kdf lng
;lsG5 .
cfGtl/s C0fsf ;|f]txsf] ljZn]if0f ubf{ @)^* c;f/ d;fGtdf 6]h/L ljnsf] c+z
^%=# k|ltzt, ljsf; C0fkqsf] c+z @#=^ k|ltzt, /fli6o artkqsf] c+z %=*
k|ltzt, gful/s artkqsf] c+z @=% k|ltzt / ljz]if C0fkqsf] c+z @=* k|ltzt
/x]sf]df @)^( c;f/ d;fGtdf 6]h/L ljnsf] c+z ^!=% k|ltzt, ljsf; C0fkqsf]
c+z @^=( k|ltzt, /fli6o artkqsf] c+z &=# k|ltzt, gful/s artkqsf] c+z
!=( k|ltzt / ljz]if C0fkqsf] c+z @=& k|ltzt /x]sf] b]lvG5 . g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
cfGtl/s C0fdf 6]h/L ljnsf] c+zdf xfnsf jif{xdf s]xL sdL cfPsf] 5 tfklg
cfGtl/s C0fdf o;sf] c+z sl/j b'O{ ltxfO{sf] xf/fxf/Ldf /x]sf]n] ;/sf/n] 5f]6f]
cjlwdf ltg'{ kg]{ bfloTj w]/} b]lvG5 . o;n] cfGtl/s C0fdf Maturity Mis-Match
/ Roll Over Risk pRr /x]sf] tkm{ ;+s]t ub{5 . o; lsl;dsf] hf]lvdnfO{ Go"g ug{
;dod} cfjZos kxn x'g' h/L 5 .

:yfgLo lgsfosf] ljQLo Joj:yf

:yfgLo lgsfosf] cfo tyf vr{sf] cj:yf
2.33

:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g, @)%%, :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g lgodfjnL, @)%^ tyf
:yfgLo lgsfo cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL lgodfjnL, @)^$ n] :yfgLo lgsfo
-lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf / ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt_ nfO{ cfk\mgf] If]qdf
ljleGg s/ tyf z'Nsx nufpg ;Sg] / o;jf6 k|fKt x'g cfPsf] cfoaf6 :yfgLo
hgtfsf] cfjZostf / dfu adf]lhdsf of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg]
clwsf/ k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& b]lv cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dd
:yfgLo lgsfoxn] o:tf] clwsf/sf] k|of]u u/L p7fPsf] cfGtl/s cfo -s/ tyf
z'Ns_ / :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ k|fKt x'g] u/L p7fPsf] /fh:j afF8kmfF6jf6 k|fKt ePsf]
cfDbfgL tyf vr{sf] ljj/0f tflnsf @-h_ df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
32

tflnsf @ -h_ M :yfgLo lgsfosf]] vr{ tyf cfo*

cg'bfg
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt
vr{sf] nflu ljlgof]lht s'n /sd
s'n cfDbfgL
cfGtl/s >f]tjf6 k|fKt cfo
/fh:j afF8kmfF6jf6 k|fKt cfo
jf:tljs vr{
gu/kflnsf
s'n ljlgof]lht vr{
s'n cfDbfgL
cfGtl/s >f]tjf6 k|fKt cfo
/fh:j afF8kmfF6jf6 k|fKt cfo
jf:tljs vr{
ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt
s'n vr{
s'n cfDbfgL -cg'bfg ;d]t_

@)^^)^&

@)^&^*

-?=s/f]8df_
@)^*^(

3164.96
279.71
148.22
131.49

3318.18
295.96
148.38
147.58

3298.32
321.99
178.04
143.95

2664.64

2969.53

2974.09

647.35
162.22
162.22
0

718.06
222.81
222.81
0

779.22
290.67
274.3
16.37

638.91

624.81

683.8

9.07
9.74

855.56
987.23
90.40
896.83

765.87
951.05
97.64
853.40

cfGtl/s >f]t / /fh:j afF8kmfF6jf6 k|fKt cfo

cg'bfgjf6 k|fKt cfo

*:yfgLo lgsfo ;|f]t kl/rfng tyf Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlw, @)^( sf] kl/R5]b & sf] a'Fbf g++ $& ! -v_ df g]kfn
;/sf/af6 lk|mhug{ gkg]{ /sd / :yfgLo lgsfosf] cfGtl/s cfDbfgLsf] /sd, /fh:j afF8kmFf6 jfkt k|fKt x'g]
/sd ;d]t cfufdL cfly{s aif{sf] nflu lhDd]jf/L ;f/L n]vf /fVg'kg]{ Joj:yf ePsfn] vr{ ug{ jfFsL /sd cufdL
cfo jif{sf] cfDbfgLdf ;dfj]z x'g] u/]sf] 5.
;|f]t M ;+l3o dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno, :yfgLo lgsfo ljlQo cfof]u .

2.34

lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt tyf gu/kflnsfxsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr{sf] ljZn]if0f ubf{
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] cfgf] cfDbfgLn] s'n vr{sf] !) k|ltzt;Dd klg wfGg
;s]sf] b]lvb}g . gu/kflnsfxsf] cj:yf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] eGbf s]xL
;+tf]ifhgs / ;'wf/f]Gd'v b]lvG5, tfklg cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o;sf] cfDbfgLn]
s'n vr{sf] #& k|ltzt vr{dfq wfGg ;s]sf] b]lvG5 . ;fy}, lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn]
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df s'n ljlgof]lht vr{sf] () k|ltzt dfq vr{ ug{ ;s]sf]
lyof] eg] gu/kflnsfsf] s'n ljlgof]lht vr{sf] *^ k|ltzt dfq vr{ ePsf] lyof] .

:yfgLo lgsfodf ;/sf/L cg'bfg

2.35

ljs]Gb|Ls/0fsf] dfWodf/f hgtfnfO{ zf;gdf clwsflws dfqfdf ;lDdlnt x'g]

cj;/ h'6fpg hgtfsf] glhsdf /xL ;]jf k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf :yfgLo lgsfoxnfO{
;Ifd, ;jn / lhDd]jf/ Pj+ hgpQ/bfoL agfpg] p2]Zon] g]kfn ;/sf/n] Psd'i6
kdf cg'bfg -;zt{lgzt{_ /sd pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . ;Lldt cfo >f]t
ePsf :yfgLo lgsfo -lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltgu/kflnsfufpF ljsf; ;ldlt_ nfO{
o;/L k|bfg ul/g] cg'bfgn] :yfgLo lgsfoxsf] vr{ / cfDbfgL aLrsf] 7"nf]
33

2.36

2.37

2.38

vf8nnfO{ sd ug{ ;3fp kofpb} cfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] lbg] cg'bfgjf6 :yfgLo

lgsfoxnfO{ sfof{no ;~rfngdf dfq geO{ :yfgLo hgtfsf rfxgf /
cfjZostf cg';f/sf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{x ;+rfng ug{ tyf lzIff / :jf:Yo
h:tf ;fdflhs ;]jfdf hgtfsf] kx'Fr j[l4 ug{ ;d]t ;3fp k'lu/x]sf] 5 .
g]kfn ;/sf/n] :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ ;zt{ tyf lgzt{ cg'bfg pknJw u/fpFb} cfPsf]
5 . :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ lgzt{ pknAw u/fpg] tyf :yfgLo lgsfox aLr
afF8kmfF6 ug'{kg]{ cg'bfg ;DaGwL cfjZos sfo{x :yfgLo lgsfo ljQLo cfof]un]
ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o; cfof]un] l;kmfl/z u/] adf]lhd ;"qsf] cfwf/df :yfgLo
lgsfon] k|fKt ug]{ cg'bfg /sdsf] lgwf{/0f x'g] u/]sf] 5 . cfof]un] :yfgLo
lgsfon] k|fKt ug]{] lgzt{ cg'bfg /sdnfO{ o:tf lgsfosf] sfo{;Dkfbg;Fu cfa4
u/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] lbg] cg'bfgnfO{ :yfgLo lgsfosf]] sfo{;Dkfbg;Fu cfa4 ug]{
;Gbe{df lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt / gu/kflnsfxsf] Go"gtd zt{ tyf sfo{ ;Dkfbg
dfkg -Minimum Conditions and Performance Measures_ / ufpF ljsf;
;ldltxsf] Go"gtd zt{ -Minimum Conditions_ dfkgsf cfwf/df d"Nofg ul/+b}
cfPsf] 5 . ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf] nflu !) j6f, gu/kflnsfsf nflu !# j6f /
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlttkm{ !# j6f Go"gtd zt{x tf]lsPsf 5g\ . o;sf cltl/Qm
gu/kflnsf / lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf nflu qmdzM $) j6f / %& j6f
sfo{;Dkfbg ;"rssf cfwf/df sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nofg ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 .
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt / gu/kflnsfxsf] xsdf Go"gtd zt{ tyf sfo{;Dkfbg
dfkgsf ;"rsxdf ;d;fdlos kl/jt{g Pj+ ;'wf/ ug{ cfjZos ePsf]n] cfof]un]
Go"gtd zt{ tyf sfo{;Dkfbg dfkg sfo{ljlwdf /x]sf ;"rsxdf @)^( df3df
kl/dfh{g tyf ;+zf]wg u/]sf] 5 . o;}qmddf ufpF ljsf; ;ldltxsf] sfo{;Dkfbg
;d]t dfkg ug]{ u/L sfo{;Dkfbg dfkgsf ;"rsx ;d]t yk ul/Psf] 5 . :yfgLo
lgsfoxsf] Go"gtd zt{ tyf sfo{ ;Dkfbg dfkgsf ;"rs ;+Vofdf ul/Psf]
;+zf]wgkl5 ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf] nflu & j6f, gu/kflnsfsf nflu !) j6f /
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf nflu ( j6f Go"gtd zt{x sfod ePsf 5g\ eg] ufpF
ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf / lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf nflu qmdzM !#, $) / $^
j6f sfo{;Dkfbg dfkg ;"rsx sfod ePsf 5g\ .
Go"gtd zt{ tyf sfo{ ;Dkfbg dfkg / o;sf] cg'bfg;Fusf] cfa4tf ;DaGwL rqm
x/]s tLg jif{df k"/f x'G5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ul/Psf] :yfgLo lgsfoxsf]
sfo{;Dkfbg dfkgsf] d"Nofgdf Go"gtd zt{ dfkgdf ^$ j6f lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt, %$ j6f gu/kflnsf / #$)& j6f ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt ;kmn ePsf 5g\ .
;kmn x'g g;Sg] lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf / ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf] ;+Vof
qmdzM !!, $ / %)* j6f /x]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] :yfgLo lgsfoxnfO{ cfly{s jif{
@)^^^& b]lv cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dd k|bfg u/]sf] k'FhLut tyf rfn' vr{
cg'bfgsf] ljj/0f tflnsf @-em_ df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . ;/sf/n] :yfgLo
lgsfoxnfO{ cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df hDdf ?= !* ca{ %% s/f]8 cg'bfg
34

lbPsf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o:tf] /sddf @%=^ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= @#
ca{ #) s/f]8 k'u]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df ;/sf/n] ljlgof]hg u/]sf]
:yfgLo lgsfonfO{ lbg] cg'bfg /sd ?= !& ca{ #) s/f]8df em/]sf] 5, h'g ut
jif{sf] cg'bfg /sdeGbf @%=& k|ltztn] sd xf] .
tflnsf @ -em_M k'hLut tyf rfn' cg'bfgsf] ljj/0f
-?=s/f]8df_
cg'bfg
!=lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt
k'FhLut cg'bfg
rfn' cg'bfg
hDdf
@= ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt
k'FhLut cg'bfg
rfn' cg'bfg
hDdf
#=gu/kflnsf
k'FhLut cg'bfg
rfn' cg'bfg
hDdf
s'n hDdf

@)^^^&

@)^&^*

@)^*^(

@)^(&)*

77.00

133.00

203.00

133.68

172.00

243.00

361.00

309.79

249.00

376.00

564.00

443.47

626.40

626.40

769.20

512.65

783.00

783.00

926.00

669.25

1409.40

1409.40

1695.20

1181.90

29.45

58.90

60.00

94.14

5.55

11.10

11.00

11.00

35.00

70.00

71.00

105.14

1693.40

1855.40

2330.20

1730.51

*cg'dflgt
;|f]t M ;+l3o dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno .

2.39

2.40

lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] k'FhLut cg'bfgjf6 nlIft ;d"xnfO{ k|ToIf
kmfO{bf k'Ug] sfo{qmd nufot u|fld0f ;8s, emf]n']k'n, ;8sk'n, l;FrfO{, n3'
hnljB't, vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{, ;fd'bflos ejg nufot ljljw of]hgfx
;~rfng x'b} cfPsf 5g\ . k'FhLut tkm{ ljlgof]lht /sdnfO{ k|To]s lhNnfnfO{
Go"gtd /sd jFf8kmFf6 u/L aFfsL /x]sf] /sdnfO{ hg;+Vof, ef}uf]lns, If]qkmn,
nfut / ul/aL h:tf ;DjlGwt lhNnfsf] ;"rs / Go"gtd zt{ tyf sfo{ ;Dkfbg
dfkg glthfsf] cfwf/df afF8kmfF6 u/L lgsf;f lbg] ul/Psf] 5 . ;/sf/n] cfly{s
jif{ @)^&^* df lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ k'FhLut tyf rfn' vr{sf nflu hDdf
?= # ca{ &^ s/f]8 cg'bfg lbPsf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o:tf] /sddf %)
k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= % ca{ ^$ s/f]8 k'u]sf] lyof] -tflnsf @-em__ . t/ cfly{s
jif{ @)^(&) df lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ lbg] cg'bfgdf ?= $ ca{ $# s/f]8
dfq ljlgof]hg ePsf] 5, h'g cl3Nnf] jif{sf] cg'bfg /sdsf] t'ngfdf @!=$
k|ltztn] sd 5 .
gu/kflnsfxnfO{ :yfgLo ljsf; z'Nssf]if tyf ;/sf/sf] ljlgof]lht ah]6 u/L
b'O{j6f ;|f]tjf6 g]kfn ;/sf/n] cg'bfg pknJw u/fpg] u/]sf] 5 . :yfgLo >f]t
;fwgsf] kl/rfng / ljsf;sf] k|ltkmndf ;fdflhs ;dfgtf Nofpg hgtfsf]
35

2.41

2.42

;xeflutfdf clej[l4 ub}{ hjfkmb]xL :yfgLo lgsfoxsf] ;+:yfut ljsf;sf] nflu

gu/kflnsfxnfO{ ;fj{hlgs lgdf{0f ;'wf/ tyf ;fdflhs ultljlwx ;d]tdf yk
;xof]u k'ofpg cfly{s jif{ @)^@^# b]lv ;'qdf cfj4 u/L gu/kflnsf cg'bfg
lbb}+ cfPsf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/af6 gu/kflnsfdf hfg] ;a} k|sf/sf cg'bfg /
gu/kflnsfsf] cfGtl/s ;|f]t ;d]tnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ :yfgLo lgsfo ;|f]t kl/rfng
tyf Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlw, @)^( tof/ u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofPsf]] 5 . g]kfn
;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ )^*^( df gu/kflnsfxnfO{ lbg] cg'bfg zLif{sdf g]kfn
;/sf/n] cfkm\g} ;|f]taf6 ?= &! s/f]8 ljlgof]hg ePsf]df k'FhLut tkm{ ?= ^)
s/f]8 / rfn' tkm{ !! s/f]8 ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] 5 -tflnsf @-em__. ;fy}, j}b]lzs
;|f]tjf6 k|fKt x'g] ?= (* s/f]8 (& nfv /sdnfO{ ;d]t ;/sf/n] lbg] cg'bfgdf
;dfj]z ubf{ x'g] s'n ?= ! ca{ ^( s/f]8 (& nfv :yfgLo lgsfo ljQLo cfof]un]
tof/ u/]sf] kl/dflh{t ;'q tyf gu/kflnsfxsf] Go"gtd zt{ tyf sfo{;Dkfbg
dfkgsf] glthf;Fu cfj4 u/L lgsf;f lbOPsf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;|f]tjf6 gu/kflnsfnfO{ lbg] cg'bfg /sddf $* k|ltztn] j[l4
u/L ?= ! ca{ % s/f]8 ljlgof]hg ul/Psf]] 5 .
gu/kflnsfxnfO{ :yfgLo ljsf; z'Ns sf]ifaf6 ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(
df ?= @ ca{ #) s/f]8 cg'bfgsf] nflu ljlgof]hg u/]sf]df ?= ! ca{ $& s/f]8sf]
;f]em} gu/kflnsfxdf vr{ ug]{ clVtof/L lbO{ k7fOPsf] lyof] . o; sf]ifjf6
hu]8fsf]if sfo{qmddf ?= ^% s/f]8 ljlgof]hg ePsf]df ?= %$ s/f]8 *% nfv
lgsf;f eO{ @ ;o #@ j6f ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf cfof]hgf ;+rfng eO{ ! ;o &! j6f
cfof]hgf ;f]xL cfly{s jif{ leq ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L cfly{s jif{ @)^(&)
df o; sf]ifjf6 ?= ! ca{ ^# s/f]8 gu/kflnsfxsf nflu ljlgof]hg ePsf]df ?=
(* s/f]8 # nfvsf] ;f]em} gu/kflnsfxnfO{ vr{ ug]{ clVtof/L k7fOPsf]] /
hu]8fsf]if sfo{qmd tkm{ ^% s/f]8 ljlgof]hg ePsf]df k|yd * dlxgfdf @$@ j6f
cfof]hgf :jLs[t u/L gu/kflnsfdf ?= !$ s/f]8 $@ nfv ljlgof]hg ePsf] 5 .
ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt cg'bfg kF'hLuttkm{ ljlgof]lht /sdaf6 hg;+Vof, nfut /
If]qkmn h:tf ;DalGwt ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf] ;"rssf] cfwf/df k|lt ufpF ljsf;
;ldltnfO{ Go"gtd ?= !% nfv b]lv clwstd ?= #) nfv;Dd cg'bfg pknAw
u/fpg] Joj:yf eO{/x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{ )^(&) df g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;|f]tjf6
# xhf/ ( ;o !% j6} ufpF ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ k|lt ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt ?= !%
nfvsf b/n] afF8kmfF6 u/L lgsf;f lbg] ul/Psf] 5 . j}b]lzs ;|f]tjf6 k|fKt cg'bfg
/sdnfO{ Go"gtd zt{df plQ0f{ ePsf #$)& ufpF ljsf; ;ldltxnfO{ ;DjlGwt
uflj;sf] ;"rssf] cfwf/df aFf8kmFf6 u/L k7fpg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . lgsf;f
ePsf] /sdjf6 nlIft ;d'xnfO{ k|ToIf kmfO{bf x'g] sfo{qmd nufot s[lif, u|fld0f
;8s, l;FrfO{, u|fld0f hnljB't, vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{, ;fd'bflos ejg nufot
ljljw of]hgfx ;~rfng ePsf 5g\ . ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df ufpF
36

ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ k'FhLut tyf rfn'vr{sf nflu hDdf ?= !$ ca{ ( s/f]8 cg'bfg
lbPsf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o:tf] /sddf @)=# k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= !^
ca{ (% s/f]8 k'u]sf] lyof] -tflnsf @-em__ . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df ufpF ljsf;
;ldltnfO{ lbg] cg'bfgsf nflu ?= !! ca{ *! s/f]8dfq ljlgof]hg ePsf] 5, h'g
cl3Nnf] jif{ @)^*^( df lbPsf] cg'bfg /sdsf] t'ngfdf #)=# k|ltztn] sd
/x]sf] 5 .

37

#= d"No tyf cfk"lt{

#= d"No tyf cfk"lt{

d'b|f:kmLltsf] k|j[lQ
3.1

cfly{s jif{ @)^@^# cufl8sf] ;dodf cyf{t cfly{s jif{ @)%&%* b]lv cfly{s
jif{ @)^!^@ df pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsfdf cfwfl/t jflif{s d'b|f:kmLltb/ qmdzM
@=%, @=(, $=&, $=) / $=% k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] eg] cfly{s jif{ @)^@^# b]lv
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] cjlwdf pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsfdf cfwfl/t cf}ift
aflif{s d'b|f:kmLlt b/ *=& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7
dlxgfdf jflif{s ljGb'ut cfwf/df vfB tyf k]o kbfy{ ;d"xsf] d"No ;"rsfsf]
j[l4b/ !!=# k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 eg] u}/ vfB tyf ;]jf ;d"xsf] d"No ;"rsf (=#
k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]lx cjlwdf oL ;d"xxsf] d"No
;"rsfdf qmdzM $=@ k|ltzt / (=$ k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] lyof] .

3.2

ljut s]xL jif{ otf cfGtl/s tyf jfXo sf/0f b'j}n] d"No j[l4nfO{ a9fjf lbPsf
5g\ . cfGtl/s sf/0fxdf s[lif If]qsf] pTkfbg j[l4b/ tyf pTkfbsTj sd /xg',
s[lif If]q;Fu ;DalGwt j:t'xsf] cfoft a9\b} hfg', ;do ;dodf x'g] jGb,
x8tfn, nf]8;]l8 / /fhgLlts cl:y/tfaf6 pTkfbgd"ns lqmofsnfk tyf cfk"lt{
Joj:yfdf gsf/fTds k|efj kg'{ cflb 5g\ eg] jfXo sf/0fxdf k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf]
d"No j[l4 / ef/tdf b]lvPsf] pRr vfB d'b|f:kmLltsf] k|efjnfO{ d'Vo sf/s dfGg
;lsG5 . g]kfnsf] ef/t;Fusf] v'nf l;dfgf, g]kfnL ljlgdob/sf] ef/tLo d'b|f;Fusf]
cfj4tf tyf s'n Jofkf/sf] b'O{ ltxfO{ c+z ;d]t ef/t;Fu ePsf sf/0f ef/tLo
d'b|f:kmLltsf] k|ToIf k|efj g]kfnL d'b|f:kmLltdf k/]sf] b]lvG5 .

;du| pkef]Qmf d"No l:ylt

3.3

ljut s]xL jif{ b]lv psfnf] nfUb} uO/x]sf] zx/LIf]qsf] pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsfdf
cfwfl/t jflif{s d'b|f:kmLltb/ cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf &=)
k|ltzt /x]sf]df ;dLIff jif{sf] ;f]lx ;dodf pQm b/df j[l4 eO{ !)=@ k|ltzt
k'u]sf] 5 . rfn" cfly{s jif{df vf;u/L k|d'v vfBfGg afnLxsf] pTkfbgdf lu/fj6
cfpg'sf] ;fy} k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"No j[l4 / ef/tLo d'b|f:kmLlt ;d]tsf] sf/0fn]
ubf{ g]kfnsf] d"Nodf yk rfk kg{ uPsf] xf] .

38

tflnsf # -s_ M pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsfdf cfwfl/t jflif{s ljGb'ut d'b|f:kmLltb/

cfwf/ jif{ @)^@^#
-k|ltzt kl/jt{g_

cfly{s jif{
dlxgf

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70

;fpg

4.5

5.6

11.9

10.1

9.5

7.7

11.8

ebf}

5.5

6.1

12.5

9.2

8.6

8.5

11.2

c;f]h

6.5

5.4

13.3

8.6

8.9

8.9

10.5

sflt{s

6.4

5.3

13.7

9.1

8.4

8.5

10.5

d+;L/

5.8

4.6

13.4

10.3

9.6

7.5

10.4

k';

4.6

4.8

13.8

10.7

11.3

6.8

9.8

df3

5.1

5.2

13.2

11.0

10.2

7.0

10.1

kmfu'g

5.4

6.0

12.8

10.0

10.7

7.0

10.2

r}t

5.6

8.0

11.6

9.8

10.6

7.5

j}zfv

6.6

8.3

12.4

8.9

9.5

8.7

h]7

6.7

10.1

12.0

8.2

8.8

9.9

c;f/

8.0

10.6

11.1

9.0

9.6

11.5

cf};t

5.9

6.7

12.6

9.6

9.6

8.3

8.7

10.6

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

3.4

rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf cf};t pkef]Qmf d'b|f:kmLlt b/ !)=^
k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf cf};t pkef]Qmf d'b|f:kmLlt b/
&=& k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] . cf};t pkef]Qmf d'b|f:kmLltdf ePsf] j[l4b/ g]kfn /fi6
a}+sf/f rfn' cfly{s jif{sf nflu ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] df}lb|s gLltdf nlIft cf};t
&=% k|ltztsf] d'b|f:kmLlt b/ tyf df}lb|s gLltsf] dWofjlw ;dLIffn] k|If]k0f u/]sf]
cf};t (=% k|ltztsf] d'b|f:kmLlt b/ eGbf pRr /x]sf] 5 . vf;u/L d'b|f k|bfo
nufotsf df}lb|s of]ufx lgolGqt cj:yfdf /x]tfklg ;du| cfGtl/s pTkfbgsf]
j[l4b/df Go"gtf cfPsf] / l5d]sL d'n's ef/tdf vfB d'b|f:kmLltdf pRr rfk
b]lvPsf] sf/0f o; cjlwdf pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsfdf cfwfl/t d'b|f:kmLltb/ cf};t
!)=^ k|ltzt /xg uPsf] xf] .

39

rf6{ # -s_ M pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsfdf ePsf] cf}ift kl/jt{g -cfwf/ jif{
@)^@^#_
14.0
12.0

k|ltzt

10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0

@)^)
c;f/

@)^!
c;f/

@)^@
c;f/

@)^#
c;f/

@)^$
c;f/

@)^%
c;f/

@)^^
c;f/

@)^&
c;f/

@)^*
c;f/

@)^(
c;f/

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

3.5

3.6

3.7

ef}uf]lns If]qsf cfwf/df rfn' cfly{s jif{df ;a}eGbf a9L sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf
!)=* k|ltzt, t/fO{df !)=@ k|ltzt / kxf8df (=^ k|ltztn] d"No ;"rsf j[l4
ePsf] 5 . ut jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf pQm If]qxdf o:tf] d"No ;"rsfsf] j[l4b/
qmdzM %=^ k|ltzt, &=! k|ltzt / *=^ k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] . ;+ljwfg ;efsf] ;do
;dfKt x'g] jvt nfdf] ;do;Dd b]ze/ aGb x8tfn ePsf] sf/0f utaif{ sf7df8f}+
pkTosfdf eGbf t/fO{ / kxf8df d"No ;"rsf j[l4b/ a9L /xg uPsf] xf] .
;d"xut cfwf/df ljZn]if0f ubf{, pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsfdf $^=* k|ltzt ef/ /x]sf]
vfB tyf k]o kbfy{ ;d"xsf] d"No @)^( kmfu'gdf jflif{s ljGb'ut cfwf/df !!=#
k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . ut jif{sf] o;} cjlwdf of] j[l4b/ $=@ k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] .
o;/L vfB tyf k]o kbfy{sf] d"No j[l4 x'g'df cGg tyf cGgaf6 jg]sf kl/sf/,
df;' tyf df5f, o" tyf t]n cflb pk;d"xxdf ePsf] d"No j[l4n] k|d'v e"ldsf
v]n]sf] 5 . h; cg';f/ cGg tyf cGgaf6 jg]sf kl/sf/ pk;d"xdf !@=(
k|ltzt, df;' tyf df5f pk;d"xdf !&=! k|ltzt / o" tyf t]n pk;d"xdf
!#=( k|ltztn] d"No j[l4 ePsf] 5 .
pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsfdf %#=@ k|ltzt ef/ /x]sf] u}/vfB tyf ;]jf ;d"xsf] d"No
@)^( kmfu'gdf jflif{s ljGb'ut cfwf/df (=# k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . @)^* kmfu'gdf
o; ;d"xsf] ;"rsf (=$ k|ltztn] a9]sf] lyof] . of] ;d"x cGtu{t ;~rf/ pk
;d"xsf] d"No j[l4 C0ffTds /x]sf] 5 eg] cGo ;a} pk;d"xdf d"No j[l4 ePsf]
5 . vf;u/L ;~rf/ If]qdf k|of]u x'g] d"Nob/ ahf/ k|lt:kwL{ ePsf] / k|fljlws
If]qdf ePsf] ljsf; / la:tf/sf sf/0fxn] ubf{ ;~rf/ pk;d"xsf] d"No j[l4
C0ffTds /x]sf] xf] .

40

tflnsf # -v_ M ljGb'ut /fli6o pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsfdf ePsf] kl/jt{g

-cfwf/ jif{ @)^@^#!))_
-k|ltzt kl/jt{g_
pkef]Uo j:t'x
s'n -s+v_
s= vfB tyf k]o
kbfy{
cGg tyf cGgaf6
ag]sf kl/sf/
bfn
t/sf/L
df;' tyf df5f
b'Uw kbfy{ tyf
cG8f
o" tyf t]n
kmnkm"n
lrgL tyf ld7fO{
d;nf
xNsf k]o kbfy{
dlb/f
;'tL{hGo kbfy{
/]i6'/fF tyf xf]6n
v= u}/ vfB j:t'
tyf ;]jf
nQf sk8f tyf
h'Qf
3/fo;L ;fdfg
tyf ;]jf
kmlg{r/ tyf
3/fo;L pks/0f
:jf:Yo
oftfoft
;+rf/
dgf]/~hg tyf
;+:s[lt
lzIff
cGo j:t' tyf
;]jfx

ef/
k|ltzt

cfly{s jif{ kmfu'g dlxgf

@)^#^$ @)^$^% @)^%^^ @)^^^& @)^&^* @)^*^( @)^(&)

100.0

5.4

6.1

12.8

9.9

10.7

7.0

10.2

46.8

5.4

8.5

18.1

14.8

17.3

4.2

11.3

14.8

6.1

15.3

13.1

12.1

13.4

-2.4

12.9

2.0

15.6

12.8

24.2

30.0

-8.1

-1.8

12.6

5.7

-3.1

0.2

21.1

2.3

73.1

5.1

9.4

5.7

8.5

5.5

24.9

24.5

7.7

5.8

17.1

5.0

7.1

7.8

16.5

13.4

10.5

17.4

7.3

2.7

10.1

27.5

6.4

-3.1

3.1

13.3

13.9

2.2

1.9

-4.7

19.7

21.3

33.4

9.8

5.2

1.4

-10.0

-8.3

53.3

60.7

7.0

5.9

12.0

1.5

21.0

-0.4

11.0

34.0

22.1

-12.1

5.5

1.0

3.4

4.5

21.9

15.3

8.9

6.0

12.0

1.7

4.9

2.1

13.0

12.4

2.1

9.2

4.4

0.9

6.4

10.0

17.5

11.4

17.1

9.0

11.4

2.4

3.2

7.6

24.5

20.7

15.5

11.4

12.2

53.2

5.4

3.9

8.3

5.9

5.3

9.4

9.3

8.5

4.5

3.3

8.8

6.8

13.7

15.2

11.5

10.9

6.4

4.8

6.8

6.7

6.4

6.3

9.7

4.9

7.4

5.2

14.0

5.3

7.3

13.4

12.7

3.3

2.9

7.2

4.4

2.4

2.9

6.4

6.5

6.0

8.7

1.1

13.9

-0.7

11.3

17.0

8.4

3.6

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.0

-10.4

-8.2

-2.1

5.4

3.4

5.2

6.6

6.8

-2.0

8.8

6.2

8.5

7.1

4.9

8.2

11.8

4.7

8.9

12.5

2.2

2.4

1.0

12.5

8.4

5.4

9.9

10.8

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

41

If]qut pkef]Qmf d"No l:ylt

3.8

3.9

3.10

cfwf/ jif{ @)^@^# cg';f/ #!=!^ k|ltzt ef/ /x]sf]] sf7df8f}F pkTosfsf] d"No
;"rsf @)^( kmfu'gdf ljGb'ut cfwf/df !)=* k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . @)^*
kmfu'gdf o:tf] ;"rsf %=^ k|ltztn] a9]sf] lyof] . ;dLIff cjlwdf vfB tyf k]o
kbfy{ ;d"x !@=# k|ltztn] / u}/vfB j:t' tyf ;]jf ;d"xsf] d"No ;"rsf (=@
k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . vfB ;d"xtkm{ ;'lt{hGo kbfy{sf] ;a}eGbf a9L !(=% k|ltzt,
df;' tyf df5f !%=( k|ltzt / xNsf k]o kbfy{df !%=# k|ltztn] d"No j[l4 ePsf]
5 . xNsf k]o kbfy{ pk;d"xdf h';, n:;L nufot df};dL kl/jt{gn] k|efjkfg]{
vfBj:t'x /xg] x'Fbf of] pk;d"xsf] d"No j[l4 pRr /xg uPsf] xf] . u}/vfB
tyf ;]jf ;d"xdf kmlg{r/ tyf 3/fo;L pks/0fsf] !$=( k|ltztn], 3/fo;L ;fdfg
tyf ;]jfsf] !$=$ k|ltztn] / nQfsk8f tyf h'Qfsf] !@=& k|ltztn] d"No j[l4
ePsf] 5 eg] ;~rf/ pk;d"xsf] d"No j[l4 C0ffTds /x]sf] 5 .
cfwf/ jif{ @)^@^# cg';f/ d"No ;"rsfdf ;a}eGbf a9L ef/ -$@=*% k|ltzt_
cf]u6\g] t/fO{sf] d"No ;"rsf @)^( kmfu'gdf !)=@ k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . @)^*
kmfu'gdf of] ;"rsf &=! k|ltztn] dfq a9]sf] lyof] . vfB tyf k]o kbfy{ ;d"x
cGtu{t df;' tyf df5f, bfn / o" tyf t]n pk;d"xdf qmdzM !(=& k|ltzt,
!$=# k|ltzt / !$=) k|ltztn] d"No j[l4 ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L, u}/vfB tyf ;]jf
;d"xdf lzIff -!&=) k|ltzt_, kmlg{r/ tyf 3/fo;L pks/0f -!@=^ k|ltzt_ /
nQfsk8f tyf h'Qfsf] d"Nodf -!!=@ k|ltzt_ n]] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . ;~rf/ pk;d"xsf]
d"Nodf eg] @=# k|ltztn] x|f; cfPsf] 5 .
o;}u/L cfwf/ jif{ @)^@^# cg';f/ t'ngfTdskdf ;a}eGbf sd ef/ -@%=((
k|ltzt_ /x]sf] kxf8sf] d"No ;"rsf @)^( kmfu'gdf (=^ k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 .
@)^* kmfu'gdf of] ;"rsf *=^ k|ltztn] a9]sf] lyof] . vfB tyf k]o kbfy{
;d"xdf kxf8df /]i6'/fF tyf xf]6n pk;d"xdf ;a}eGbf a9L] !^=@ k|ltztn] d"No
j[l4 ePsf] 5 eg] o" tyf t]n / df;' tyf df5f pk;d"xdf qmdzM !$=& / !$=#
k|ltztn] d"No j[l4 ePsf] 5 . u}/vfB tyf ;]jf ;d"xdf lzIff -!%=* k|ltzt_,
nQfsk8f tyf h'Qf -!)=& k|ltzt_ / kmlg{r/ tyf 3/fo;L pks/0f -!)=$
k|ltzt_ sf] d"Nodf cfPsf]] j[l4n] ;du|df of] ;d"xsf] ;"rsf *=* k|ltztn]
a9]sf] 5 .

yf]s d"No ;"rsf

3.11

jflif{s ljGb'ut cfwf/df @)^( kmfu'gdf /fli6o yf]s d"No ;"rsf -@)%^%&
!))_ (=) k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . @)^* kmfu'gdf o:tf] j[l4b/ ^=# k|ltzt /x]sf]
lyof] . /fli6o yf]s d"No ;"rsf cGtu{t s[lif j:t' ;d"xsf] d"No ;"rsf !@=#
k|ltzt, :jb]zdf pTkflbt cf}Bf]lus j:t' ;d"xsf] #=% k|ltzt / cfoftLt j:t'
;d"xsf] d"No ;"rsf ^=^ k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 .
42

tflnsf # -u_ M /fli6o yf]sd"No ;"rsfsf] jflif{s ljGb'ut kl/jt{g

-cfwf/ jif{ @)%^%& = !))_
-k|ltzt kl/jt{g_

cfly{s jif{ kmfu'g dlxgf

ef/ k|ltzt

@)^#^$ @)^$^% @)^%^^ @)^^^& @)^&^* @)^*^( @)^(&)

100.0

12.2

6.6

12.3

12.2

12.4

6.3

9.0

s[lif j:t'

49.6

19.9

4.9

15.3

19.2

15.4

1.7

12.3

:jb]zdf pTkflbt
cf}wf]lus j:t'

20.4

8.7

9.0

8.8

12.1

8.2

9.5

3.5

cfofltt j:t'

30.0

3.7

7.8

10.0

0.2

9.7

13.0

6.6

s'n

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

3.12

s[lif j:t' ;d"x cGtu{t gub]afnL pk;d"xsf] d"Nodf #@=( k|ltztn] pNn]Vo j[l4
ePsf] 5 eg] kz'hGo pTkfbgsf] d"Nodf !!=^ k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . :jb]zdf
pTkflbt cf}Bf]lus j:t' ;d"xdf vfBhGo j:t'xsf] d"No ;j} eGbf a9L ^=#
k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 eg] cfoftLt j:t' ;d"xdf k]6f]lnod kbfy{ tyf sf]O{nf,
/f;folgs dn tyf /f;folgs j:t'xsf] d"No j[l4 qmdzM !%=% k|ltzt / !)=@
k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . ;dLIff cjlwdf On]lS6s tyf On]lS6f]lgs j:t'xsf] d"No j[l4
b/ eg] ;"Go /x]sf] 5 .

/fli6o tnj tyf Hofnfb/ ;"rsf

3.13 jflif{s

ljGb'ut cfwf/df @)^( kmfu'g dlxgfdf /fli6o tnj tyf Hofnfb/ ;"rsf
-@)^!^@!))_ &=* k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . @)^* kmfu'gdf of] ;"rsf @&=^
k|ltztn] a9]sf] lyof] . @)^* kmfu'gdf tna ;"rsfdf !(=# k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf]
/ Hofnfb/ ;"rsf @(=* k|ltztn] a9]sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ s'n /fli6o tnj tyf
Hofnfb/ ;"rsf @&=^ k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] lyof] eg] ;dLIff cjlwdf
sd{rf/Lxsf] tnadf s'g} j[l4 gePsf] tyf dhb'/xsf] Hofnfb/df ;dfGo j[l4
dfq ePsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ tnj tyf Hofnfb/ ;"rsfx qmdzM ;"Go / (=^ k|ltztn]
j[l4 x'g uPsf] xf] .

43

tflnsf # -3_ M /fli6o Hofnfb/ ;"rsfsf] jflif{s ljGb'ut kl/jt{g

-cfwf/ jif{ @)^!^@!))_
-k|ltzt kl/jt{g_
pkef]Uo j:t'x

cfly{s jif{kmfu'g dlxgf

ef/
k|ltzt @)^$^% @)^%^^ @)^^^& @)^&^* @)^*^( @)^(&)
100.0

9.0

19.3

13.7

19.1

27.6

7.8

27.0

10.9

16.8

13.8

0.0

19.3

0.0

!=! lghfdtL ;]jf

2.8
!=@ ;fj{hlgs
1.1
;+:yfgx
!=# a}+s tyf ljQLo
0.6
;+:yfx
!=$ ;]gf tyf
4.0
k|x/Lan
!=% lzIff
10.6
!=^ lghL
7.9
k|lti7fgx
@=Hofnfb/ ;"rsf 73.0

23.5

28.1

14.6

0.0

18.7

0.0

8.8

21.9

11.1

0.0

28.0

0.0

50.5

18.2

1.3

0.0

42.4

0.0

9.3

30.9

13.0

0.0

26.5

0.0

14.8

16.1

22.4

0.0

19.1

0.0

-1.5

2.7

0.0

0.0

8.6

0.0

8.4

20.1

13.6

25.5

29.8

9.6

6.0

26.9

17.0

34.6

27.1

12.5

11.6

10.6

8.8

10.4

34.3

4.7

10.9

18.1

10.6

20.4

34.1

6.3

s'n ;"rsf
!= tnj ;"rsf

@=! s[lif dhb"/

39.5
@=@ cf}wf]lus
25.2
dhb"/
@=# lgdf{0f dhb"/
8.3
;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

s]xL k|d'v j:t'xsf] ;/b/ v'b|f d"No

3.14

b}lgs pkef]Uo j:t'xdWo] k|d'v !) s[lifhGo j:t'x -rfdn, ux'Fsf] kL7f], df;sf]
bfn, /x/sf] bfn, tf]/Lsf] t]n, vf/]sf] o", v;Lsf] df;', cfn', ;'s]sf] Kofh / cb'jf_
sf] ;/b/ v'b|f d"Nosf] ;dLIff ubf{ @)^* kmfu'gsf] t'ngfdf @)^( kmfu'gdf ;'s]sf]
Kofh, df;sf] bfn / /x/sf] bfndf qmdzM %!=(, $)=( / #)=$ k|ltztn] pRr d"No
j[l4 ePsf] b]lvG5 .

44

tflnsf # -_ M s]xL k|d'v j:t'xsf] ;/b/ v'b|f ahf/ d"No

-k}ofF_

qm=;+=

j:t'sf] gfd

@)^*
kmfu'g

>fj0f

@)^(
kmfu'g

>fj0f

35.3
33.6
35.9
rfdn df]6f]
34.3
33.8
36.2
2
ux'Fsf] kL7f]
112.7
101.4
137.2
3
df;sf] bfn
96.3
80.3
100.1
4
/x/sf] bfn
139.9
144.1
178.0
5
tf]/Lsf] t]n
498.0
531.7
551.6
6
Wo" vf/]sf]
404.0
496.7
466.7
7
v;Lsf] df;'
23. 9
23.9
34.1
8
cfn'
36.3
30.5
32.3
9
;'s]sf] Kofh
75.2
46.1
52.1
10
cb'jf
* k|f/lDes tYof
;|f]tM s[lif laefu, s[lif Aoj;fo k|j4{g tyf ahf/ lasf; lgb]{zgfno, xl/x/ejg .

38.0

39.5
142.9
104.7
185.7
623.0
508.4
25.6
46.3
52.1

sRrf k]6f]lnod kbfy{ / ;'gsf] d"No

3.15

3.16

cGt/f{li6o ahf/df sRrf k]6f]lnod (Crude Oil Brent) sf] d"No @)^* kmfu'g
d;fGtdf k|lt Jof/n cd]l/sL 8n/ !@#=^# /x]sf]df @)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf !!=^
k|ltztn] x|f; eO{ k|lt Jof/n cd]l/sL 8n/ !)(=#@ k'u]sf] 5 .
;'gsf] d"No @)^* kmfu'g d;fGtsf] t'ngfdf @)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf #=@ k|ltztn]
x|f; eO{ k|lt cfpG; cd]l/sL 8n/ !%(%=%) sfod /x]sf]] 5 .
tflnsf # -r_ M cGt/f{li6o ahf/df t]n tyf ;'gsf] d"No
c;f/ d;fGt
2067

2068

k|ltzt kl/jt{g

kmfu'g d;fGt
2069

t]n -8n/ k|lt

76.4
118
102.1
Aof/n_*
;'g -8n/ k|lt
1189
1587
1590
cfpG;_**
* qm'8 cfon a|]G6, ** nG8g b/df cfwfl/t .

c;f/

kmfu'g

2067

2068

2069

2068

2069

2068

2069

110

124

109.3

54.5

-13.52

12.1

-11.6

1401

1648

1596

33.4

0.173

17.7

-3.2

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

cfk"lt{ l:ylt
3.17

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ut jif{sf] o;} cjlwsf] t'ngfdf
45

k]6f]nsf] cfk"lt{ &=& k|ltztn], l8h]nsf] cfk"lt{ &=& k|ltztn], xjfO{ OGwgsf]
cfk"lt{ $=# k|ltztn] / Pn= lk= hL= UofF;sf] cfk"lt{ !&=# k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf]
5 eg] dlt]nsf] cfk"lt{ eg] #%=* k|ltztn] 36]sf] 5 . vf;u/L Pn= lk= hL=
UofF;n] dlt]nnfO{ k|lt:yfkg ub]{ uPsf] / lautdf sfnf]ahf/L stf{xn]
dlt]nnfO{ l8h]ndf ld;fpg] u/]sf]df s]lx jif{otf b]lv dlt]n / l8h]nsf] d"No
;dfg ePsf] x'Fbf dlt]nsf] dfudf sld cfO{ cfk"lt{ 36\g uPsf] xf] .
tflnsf # -5_ M s]xL k|d'v k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] cfk"lt{ l:ylt
s]xL k|d'v k]6f]lnod
kbfy{x
k]6f]n -ls=ln=_
l8h]n -ls=ln=_
dlt]n -ls=ln=_
xjfO{ OGwg -ls=ln=_
s'n hDdf
Pn=kL=UofF; -d]=6=_

k|yd cf7 dlxgf

k|ltzt kl/jt{g

2067/69

2068/70

kmfu'g kmfu'g

131,817

141,924

7.7

415,776

447,887

7.7

28,198

18,091

-35.8

75,136

78,330

4.3

650,927

686,232

5.4

113,693

133,271

17.2

;|f]tM g]kfn cfon lgud

3.18

k]6f]lnod kbfy{xdWo] k]6f]n, l8h]n / dlt]nsf] d"No l:ylt ljut !) jif{ b]lv
lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
rf6{ # -v_ M k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"No
140.0
120.0

d"No ?=

100.0
80.0
60.0

k]6f]n

40.0

l8h]n

20.0
0.0

3.19

dlt]n -v'nf_

l8kf] jf eG;f/ ljGb' /x]sf] 7fpF cg';f/ yf]s laqmL d"No -d"No clej[l4 s/;d]t_
lgwf{/0f ug]{ Joj:yf oyfjt\ /x]sf] 5 . k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] yf]s laqmL ljt/0f ug]{
Joj:yf lj/f6gu/, jL/u~h, cdn]vu~h, sf7df8f}+, kf]v/f, e}/xjf, g]kfnu~h,
;'v]{t, bf, wgu9L, lbkfon / hgsk'/af6 ul/Psf] 5 . o; Joj:yfaf6 7fpF
46

3.20

3.21

cg';f/ k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] yf]s d"No tyf v'b|f d"No km/s kg{ ;Sb5 . @)^( r}t
!( ut] lgwf{/0f ePsf] d"Nocg';f/ sf7df8f+} pkTosfsf] k]6f]nsf] ;/b/ v'b|f d"No
?= !@#, l8h]n tyf dlt]nsf] ?= (( / Pn=lk= UofF; k|lt l;ln08/ ! xhf/ $ ;o
&) k}ofF /x]sf] 5 . xjfO{ OGwgsf] d"No ?= !@) k|lt ln6/ /x]sf] 5 .
s07/f]u lgoGq0f sfo{qmd cGtu{t cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df b]zsf ljleGg (
b'u{d tyf !# cltb'u{d u/L hDdf @@ lhNnfxdf s'n #$ xhf/ $ ;o @)
SjLG6n cfof]l8go'Qm g'g 9'jfgL ug]{ nIo /x]sf] 5 . ;f]xL cg'k rfn' cfly{s
jif{sf] kmfu'g d;fGt;Dddf @@ xhf/ ( ;o ^) SjLG6n cfof]l8go'Qm g'g 9'jfgL
ul/Psf] 5 .
b]zsf #) b'u{d kxf8L lhNnfxdf ;/n Pj+ ;'nekdf vfBfGg pknAw u/fpg]
gLltcg'k rfn' cfly{s jif{df klg vfB ;+:yfgdfkm{t\ vfBfGg 9'jfgL u/L cfk"lt{
u/fpg] sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbO{Psf] 5 . ;f]xL qmddf rfn' cfly{s jif{df !$ xhf/ #
;o d]l6s 6g vfBfGg 9'jfgL ug]{ nIo /x]sf]df @)^( kmfu'g d;fGt ;Dddf ^
xhf/ ^ ;o !# d]l6s 6g vfBfGg dfq 9'jfgL ePsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{ !@ xhf/
d]l6s 6g vfBfGg 9'jfgL ug]{ nIo /x]sf]df kmfu'g d;fGt ;Dddf !) xhf/ % ;o
^ d]l6s 6g vfBfGg 9'jfgL ul/Psf] lyof] . /fli6o vfBfGg ;'/Iff e08f/df rfn'
cfly{s jif{df cfktsfnLg cfk"lt{sf nflu b]zsf ljleGg efudf @% xhf/ d]l6s
6g vfBfGg ;~ro /fVg] nIo /x]sf]df @)^( kmfu'g d;fGt ;Dddf !( xhf/ ^
;o %& d]l6s 6g vfBfGg ;~ro ul/Psf] 5 eg] ;fs{ vfB ;'/Iff e08f/df rfn'
cfly{s jif{df * xhf/ d]l6s 6g vfBfGg ;~ro ug]{ nIo /x]sf]df @)^( kmfu'g
d;fGt;Dddf nIo cg'kg} vfBfGg df}Hbft /flvPsf] 5 . o;/L /fli6o vfBfGg
;'/Iff e08f/ / ;fs{ vfB ;'/Iff e08f/df u/L ;dLIff cjlwdf @& xhf/ ^ ;o
krxQ/ d]l6s 6g vfBfGg ;~ro ePsf] 5 .

;d:of tyf r'gf}tL

3.22

df}lb|s lj:tf/ jflG5t ;Ldfleq /xFbf/xFb} klg ;du| cfGtl/s pTkfbgsf] j[l4b/df
Go"gtf cfPsf] / d'Vo Jofkfl/s ;fe]mbf/ d'n'sdf ePsf] vfBfGgsf] pRr d"No
j[l4b/, pmhf{ ;+s6, k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"Nodf ePsf] j[l4 nufotsf ;+/rgfut
sf/0fxn] ubf{ d'b|f:kmLlt b/ a9\g uPsf]n] d"No a[l4b/nfO{ nIo cg';f/ sfod
ug{] sfo{ r'gf}tLk"0f{ x'b} uPsf] 5 .

3.23

k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"Nodf cfPsf] j[l4n] d'b|f:kmLltdf k/]sf] rfknfO{ sd ug{sf]

nflu cfoft / ljt/0fsf] lhDdf kfPsf] cflwsfl/s ;+:yf g]kfn cfon lgudnfO{
;'b[9 t'NofO{ r'xfj6 lgoGq0f ug{'sf ;fy} lghL If]qnfO{ ;d]t cfoft / ljt/0fdf
k|f]T;fxg ug]{ gLlt Nofpg' ckl/xfo{ 5 . ;fy}, pkef]Qmfdf pRr d"No j[l4sf] rfk
Ps} k6s kg{ glbg ;d]t cGt/f{li6o d"Nocg';f/ k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"No :jtM
;dfof]hg x'g] Joj:yf ug'{ klg cfjZos 5 . o;sf] cnfjf d"No l:y/Ls/0fsf
nflu j}slNks cf}hf/xsf] k|of]udfk{mt cGt/f{li6o :t/df x'g] d"No j[l4sf] cfly{s
47

ef/ sd ug{ tyf pkef]QmfnfO{ /fxt ;d]t lbg ;lsG5 .

3.24

3.25

3.26

3.27

k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf nflu cfoftdf lge{/ /xg'kg]{ / cGt/f{li6o ahf/df k]6f]nsf]

d"Nodf cgk]lIft9+un] ptf/r9fa eO/xg] ePsf]n] klg pkef]Qmfsf] pkef]u ug]{
jfgLdf kl/jt{g ug{ k|]l/t ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . o;sf nflu ;Dej eP;Dd s/
;dfof]hg u/L ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ a9L k|efljt kfg]{ k6f]lnod kbfy{ / ljnfl;tf Pj+
lghL pkof]usf nflu k|of]u ul/g] ;jf/L ;fwgdf k|of]u x'g] k]6f]lnod kbfy{df
nfUg] s/sf aLr lje]b 5'6\ofO{ pko'Qm:t/df k|ultzLn s/ nufpg ;lsG5 .
vfBfGg tyf cGo s[lifhGo j:t'sf] pTkfbgdf ptf/r9fj cfpg] / tL j:t'xnfO{
pkef]Qmf ;dIf k'ofpFbf;Ddsf] Jofkfl/s dflh{g cTolws x'g] l:ylt yofjt g}
/x]sf] 5 . oL ;d:ofxnfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug{ j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] pTkfbgsf] nfut
cg'k ahf/ d"No lgwf{/0f x'g] kl/kf6L ljsf; ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 / ;f] ;Gbe{df
larf}lnof tyf sfnf]ahf/Lxaf6 x'g ;Sg] ;Defljt d"No j[l4 lgoGq0fsf] nflu
ahf/ cg'udg sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfO{ ;zQmkdf cufl8 a9fpg' kg]{ b]lvG5 .
g]kfnsf ljleGg efudf xfn;Dd klg cTofjZos vfB j:t'xsf] Psflt/ cfk"lt{
;xh x'g g;s]sf] l:ylt /x]sf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ vfB j:t'xsf] cfk"lt{ ug]{ lhDdf
kfPsf AolQm tyf kmd{xn] ;xhkdf cfk"lt{ gul/lbPsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ pkef]usf]
;docg';f/ vfB j:t'sf] d"Nodf ptf/ r9fj cfpg] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . o;sf] cnfjf
;do ;dodf e}/xg] aGb x8tfn tyf ljleGg If]qjf6 x'g] vfB tyf cvfB
j:t'xsf] sfnf] ahf/Lsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ klg d"No lgoGq0f ug]{ sfo{ r'gf}tLk"0f{ x'b}
uPsf] 5 .
b]z leq pTkfbg ePsf / nfdf] ;do;Dd hf]ufP/ /fVg g;lsg] s[lifhGo j:t'sf]
cfk"lt{ Joj:yfnfO{ ;xh agfpg ;/sf/L tyf lghL If]qsf] ;+nUgtfdf b]zsf
ljleGg :yfgdf e08f/0f If]q (Buffer Zone) sf] :yfkgf ug{sf nflu cfjZos
gLltut Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . ;fy} ;femf ;xsf/L ;+:yfxsf k|of]udf gcfPsf
sltko uf]bfdxnfO{ o; k|of]hgsf] nflu pkof]u ug{ ;s]df s[lifhGo j:t'sf]
cfk"lt{ Joj:yf s]lx xb;Dd ;xh x'g hfG5 .

48

$= d'b|f tyf a}+ls

$= d'b|f tyf a}+ls

df}lb|s gLlt
4.1

4.2

;dli6ut cfly{s :yfloTj sfod u/L clfy{s j[l4 / /f]huf/L ;[hgf xf];\ eGg]
p2]Zon] df}lb|s gLlt / ljQ gLlt th'{df ul/Psf x'G5g\ . ljQ gLlt d"ntM
hgtff/f lgjf{lrt sfo{sf/Lf/f th'{df / sfof{Gjog ul/Psf] x'G5 eg] df}lb|s gLlt
th'{df / sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;/sf/sf] k|ToIf x:tIf]kaf6 d'Qm :jfoQ s]Gb|Lo a}+s
cyjf df}lb|s clwsf/Lsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] x'G5 .
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s P]g, @)%* cg';f/ g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] cfly{s jif{ @)%(^) b]lv
k|To]s jif{ df}lb|s gLlt / ;f] sf] dWofjlw ;dLIff ;fj{hlgs ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 .
;f]xL P]gn] lglb{i6 u/] adf]lhd d"No l:y/tf / jfXo tyf ljQLo If]q :yfloTj
sfod ug]{, ;j{;fwf/0fdf ljQLo kx'Fr clej[l4sf nflu ljQLo k|0ffnLsf] ;Dj4{g
ug]{ Pjd\ pRr tyf lbuf] cfly{s j[l4sf] nflu ;xh jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug]{ d"ne"t
p2]Zo ;lxt cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] df}lb|s gLlt @)^( ;fpg !) ut]
;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] lyof] eg] ;f] gLltsf] dWofjlw ;dLIff @)^( kmfu'g ( ut]
;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] lyof] .

df}lb|s gLltsf] sfo{lbzf

4.3

4.4

df}lb|s :yfloTj sfod x'g ljQLo If]q :yfloTj ckl/xfo{ x'g] ePsf]n] a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] jf;nftdf u'0ffTds ;'wf/ ug'{sf] ;fy} ;'zf;g ;d]t clej[l4
ug]{ p2]Zon] :ynut / u}/:ynut lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f, k"j{ ;r]ttf k|0ffnL,
zL3| ;'wf/fTds sf/afxL, hf]lvddf cfwfl/t ;'kl/j]If0f, bjfj k/LIf0f (Stress
Test), cfsl:dstf of]hgf (Contingency Plan) nufot ;dli6ut ljj]szLn
lgodg (Macroprudential Regulation) nfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ kl/dfh{g u/L
k|efjsf/L kdf sfof{Gjog ug]{tkm{ df}lb|s gLlt s]lGb|t /x]sf] 5 . To;}u/L, a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxnfO{ Ps cfk;df ufEgufleg pTk|]l/t ug'{sf] ;fy} a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] ;+:yfut ;'zf;gsf] sdhf]/Laf6 pTkGg t/ntf / e'QmfgL
;DaGwL ;d:ofnfO{ ;dod} ;Daf]wg u/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxk|lt hgljZjf;
clej[l4 ug]{tkm{ klg df}lb|s gLlt lqmofzLn /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfndf ax';+Vos hgtf cem} klg cf}krfl/s ljQLo ;]jfsf] kx'Fr aflx/ /x]sf]
;Gbe{df ;j{;fwf/0fdf ljQLo kx'Fr clej[l4 ug'{ klg df}lb|s tyf ljQLo gLltsf]
rf;f]sf] ljifo /xFb} cfPsf] 5 . o;sf] cnfjf cy{tGqsf] lbuf] ljsf;sf lglDt
n3'ljQ sf/f]jf/sf] dfWodaf6 ljkGg ju{sf ;d'bfodf pBdzLntfsf] ljsf;,
:j/f]huf/ l;h{gf Pj+ cfocfh{gsf ljljw s[ofsnfk dfkm{t u|fdL0f tyf zx/L
If]qsf] u/LaL lgjf/0fsf] sfo{df ;xof]u k'ofpg tyf ljkGg ju{sf] cfjZostfnfO{
;d]6\g] u/L n3'ljQ If]qsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ u/L hgtfdf laQLo kx'Fr / ljQLo
;dfj]zLs/0f clej[l4 u/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] pkl:ylt gePsf jf Go"g
49

pkl:ylt ePsf If]q / lhNnfxdf 3 ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] :yfkgf ug{'sf

;fy} To:tf If]qdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf zfvf lj:tf/ / zfvf /lxt a}+ls
;]jf k|j4{gnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug{ tyf ljQLo ;fIf/tf clej[l4 ug{ / ljkGg ju{df
shf{k|jfx a9fpg klg df}lb|s gLlt k|oTgzLn /x]sf] 5 .

cfly{s tyf df}lb|s nIo

4.5

g]kfn ;/sf/sf] jflif{s k"0f{ ah]6 ;dod} cfpg g;s]sf] ePtfklg ;dli6ut
cfly{s :yfloTj, cfly{s j[l4, /f]huf/L j[l4, ;fdflhs ;'/Iff / ;dfj]zL ljsf;sf
nIo xfl;n ug{ lqjifL{o of]hgf nufot ;/sf/n] cjnDag u/]sf kl5Nnf cfly{s
gLlt tyf sfo{qmdxnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL pQm df}lb|s gLlt th'{df ul/Psf] lyof] .

4.6

d'n'ssf] ;du| cfly{s kl/;"rsx ;Gtf]ifhgs /x]sf], cfly{s j[l4b/ cl3Nnf @#

jif{xsf] t'ngfdf pRr /x]sf], cl3Nnf jif{xsf] t'ngfdf d'b|f:kmLlt b/ sd
/x]sf], ;/sf/L /fh:jsf] j[l4b/ cl3Nnf] jif{eGbf a9L /x]sf], ah]6 3f6f jfl~5t
;Ldfleq} /x]sf], pRr Jofkf/ 3f6fsf] afjh"b rfn" vftfdf pNn]Vo art sfod
x'g'sf] ;fy} zf]wgfGt/ art P]ltxfl;s /xL ljb]zL d'b|f ;l~rlt a9]sf] kl/k|]Iodf
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] df}lb|s gLlt ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] lyof] .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] nflu hf/L df}lb|s gLltn] zf]wgfGt/ art sDtLdf *
dlxgfsf] j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfoft wfGg kof{Kt x'g] u/L ljb]zL d'b|f ;l~rlt sfod
ug{], d'b|f:kmLltb/ &=% k|ltztdf ;Lldt ug]{ / %=% k|ltzt;Ddsf] cfly{s j[l4b/
xfl;n ug{] nIo lnPsf] lyof] . o;nfO{ cfwf/ dfgL lj:t[t d'b|f k|bfosf] j[l4b/ !%
k|ltzt /xg] k|If]k0f ul/Psf] lyof] . o;}u/L ef/tLo k}ofF;FUf g]kfnL k}ofFsf]
ljlgdob/ :yL/ /x]sf] ;Gbe{df pko{'Qm df}lb|s nIo xfl;n ug{ ljlgdob/nfO{
df}lb|s gLltsf] cGtl/d nIo (Intermediate Target) sf] kdf lnOPsf] lyof] eg]
df}lb|s gLltsf] cGtl/d nIo / sfof{Gjog nIodf ;do;fk]If k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g]
Aoxf]/f klg pNn]v ul/Psf] lyof] . @)^( kmfu'gdf hf/L ul/Psf] df}lb|s gLltsf]
dWofjlw ;dLIffdf $=! k|ltzt;Ddsf] cfly{s j[l4b/ xfl;n x'g], d'b|f:kmLltb/
cf}ift (=% k|ltzt /xg] / lj:t[t d'b|f k|bfosf] j[l4b/ nIo cg';f/g} !% k|ltzt
x'g] ;+zf]lwt cg'dfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df s'n cfGtl/s shf{ !^=) k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g] k|If]k0f
ul/Psf] 5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo If]qaf6 lghL If]qdf k|jfx x'g] shf{ cl3Nnf] jif{ !@=%
k|ltztn] a9]sf] cg'dfgsf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df !^=) k|ltztn] a9\g]
k|If]k0f /x]sf] 5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxaf6 lghL If]qtkm{ hfg] shf{ k|jfxnfO{
pTkfbgzLn If]qtkm{ pTk|]l/t ul/+bf pQm :t/sf] shf{ la:tf/n] %=% k|ltzt;Ddsf]
cfly{s j[l4 xfl;n ug{ ;3fp k'Ug] cg'dfg /x]sf] 5 . ;/sf/L s'n vr{ / cfGtl/s
C0f kl/rfngnfO{ b[li6ut ubf{ cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df a}ls If]qaf6
;/sf/tkm{ k|jfx x'g] shf{sf] j[l4b/ !%=* k|ltzt /xg] k|If]k0f ul/Psf] 5 .
nlIft cfly{s j[l4b/ / zf]wgfGt/ artaf6 lgIf]k kl/rfngdf kg]{ ;sf/fTds

4.7

4.8

4.9

50

k|efj ;d]tsf] cfwf/df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] s'n
lgIf]k kl/rfng !%=! k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ sl/a ?= !!^) ca{ k'Ug] k|If]k0f klg
df}lb|s gLltdf ul/Psf] 5 .
d~h'iff $ -s_ M df}lb|s gLltsf d'Vo kl/;"rsx / ltgsf] cj:yf
jflif{s cf};t d"No j[l4b/ &=% k|ltzt /xg] nIo lnOPsf]df k|yd cf7
dlxgfsf] cf};t pkef]Qmf d'b|f:kmLlt b/ !)=^ k|ltzt /x]sf] .
zf]wgfGt/ art slDtdf * dlxgfsf] j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfoft wfGg kof{Kt x'g]
u/L ljb]zL d'b|f ;l~rltsfod ug{] k|If]k0f u/]sf]df k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ;+lrt
/x]sf] ljb]zL d'b|fn] *=* dlxgfsf] j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfoft wfGg kof{Kt x'g]
b]lvPsf] .
cfly{s j[l4b/ %=% k|ltzt xfl;n ug{ lj:t[t d'b|f k|bfosf] j[l4b/ !% k|ltzt
/xg] k|If]k0f u/]sf]df k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf lj:t[t d'b|f k|bfosf] j[l4b/ ^=@
k|ltzt /x]sf] .
s'n cfGtl/s shf{ !^ k|ltztn] j[l4 x'g] k|If]k0f u/]sf]df k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf
*=( k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] .
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lgIf]k !%=! k|ltztn] j9\g] k|If]k0f u/]sf]df k|yd cf7
dlxgfdf ^=* k|ltztn] j9]sf] .

df}lb|s gLltsf] ;~rfng pks/0f

4.10

4.11

df}lb|s gLltsf] nIo k|flKtsf] cj:yf, t/ntfsf] l:ylt / t/ntf k|If]k0fsf] cfwf/df
v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/nfO{ df}lb|s gLlt sfof{Gjogsf] k|d'v pks/0fsf] kdf pkof]u
ul/Psf] 5 . 5f]6f] cjlwsf] t/ntf Joj:yfkgdf l/kf] af]nsaf]n / l/e;{ l/kf]
af]nsaf]n tyf dWodsfnLg t/ntf Joj:yfkgdf ;f]em} laqmL / vl/b af]nsaf]n
h:tf v'nf ahf/ pks/0fxsf] pkof]unfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOPsf] 5 .
g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] a}+sb/ (Bank Rate) n] d'b|f ahf/sf] k|efjsf/L pks/0fsf]
kdf sfd ug{ ;sf];\ eGg] clek|fon] a}+sb/sf] k|of]hg ;d]t v'nfO{ o;nfO{ k'gM
kl/eflift ul/Psf] 5 . h; cg';f/ clGtd C0fbftf ;'ljwf tyf ;'/If0fkqxsf]
l8:sfp06 ug]{ h:tf k|of]hgsf] nflu a}+sb/ (Bank Rate) nfu" ug]{ Joj:yf
ldnfOPsf] 5 . of] b/ xfnnfO{ * k|ltzt sfod ul/Psf] 5 . a}+sn] pknAw u/fpg]
:yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf klg a}+sb/d} pknAw u/fpg] gofF Aoj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . o;
cl3 sfod (!lbg] 6]h/L ljnsf] efl/t cf};t Aofhb/ jf k|rlnt a}+sb/, h'g
51

4.12

4.13

clwstd 5, To;df # k|ltzt laGb' yk u/L :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwfsf] Aofhb/

sfod ug]{ Joj:yf x6fOPsf] 5 .
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxn] /fVg'kg]{ clgjfo{ gub df}Hbft s ju{sf] nflu ^=)
k|ltzt, v ju{sf] nflu %=% k|ltzt / u ju{sf] nflu %=) k|ltzt sfod
ul/Psf] 5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] clgjfo{ gub df}Hbft sfod x'g g;Sbf
nufOg] xhf{gfb/sf] Joj:yfdf kl/jt{g u/L klxnf] k6s a+}sb/ j/fj/, bf];|f] k6s
a}+sb/sf] !%) k|ltzt / t]:f|f] jf ;f] eGbf a9L k6ssf] nflu a}+sb/sf] @))
k|ltzt nfu" x'g] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] ;DklQ
;+/rgfdf lgIf]ksf] j[l4;Fu} t/n ;DklQ :jtM ;dfof]hg u/fpg] p2]Zon] sfod
ul/Psf] j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kft ;DaGwL Joj:yfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOPsf] 5 .
df}lb|s gLltdf a}ls If]qsf] t/ntf dfkg a9L oyfy{k/s agfpg tof/ kfl/g]
t/ntf cg'udg tyf k|If]k0f ;+/rgf (Liquidity Monitoring and Forecasting
Framework) df jfl0fHo a}+sxsf] cltl/Qm ljsf; a}+s / ljQ sDkgLxsf]
lgIf]knfO{ ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L t/ntfsf] cg'udg tyf k|If]k0f ul/g] pNn]v 5 . ;fy}
ljutdf t/ntf ;+s'rg ePsf] cj:yfdf l/kf] / l/e;{ l/kf] af]nsaf]nsf] cjlwnfO{
a9fO{ clwstd $% lbg k'ofOPsf]df d'b|f ahf/df t/ntf ;xh /x]sf]n] oL
pks/0fxsf] cjlwnfO{ k'gM @* lbg g} sfod ul/Psf] 5 eg] 6]h/L laN;sf
cltl/Qm ljsf; C0fkqxsf] lwtf]df ;d]t l/kf] ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf
lbOPsf] 5 . Jffl0fHo a}+s, ljsf; a}+s / ljQ sDkgLxaLrsf] cGt/a}+s sf/f]af/
(InterbankTransaction) sf] cjlw a9Ldf & lbg dfq sfod x'g] Joj:yf klg
df}lb|s gLltn] u/]sf] 5 .

4.14

pTkfbgzLn If]qdf shf{ k|jfx a9fpg] p2]Zon] a9Ldf ^ dlxgf cjlwsf] nflu
c;n shf{sf] lwtf]df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxnfO{ pknAw u/fOg] k'gs{hf{sf] nflu
ljBdfg k'gs{hf{b/nfO{ 36fO{ ^=) k|ltztsf] Psn k'gs{hf{b/ sfod ul/Psf] 5 .
o:tf] k'gs{hf{sf] xsdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;:yfn] u|fxsaf6 (=) k|ltzteGbf a9L
Aofh c;'n ug{ gkfpg] Joj:yf klg ul/Psf] 5 .

4.15

b'Uw tyf df;'hGo Joj;fosf] k|j4{g dfk{mt\ e"ld ePsf / gePsf b'a}y/L
ls;fgxsf] nflu /f]huf/L / cfocfh{gsf] cj;/ ;[hgf ug{ kz'k+IfL tyf dT:o
kfng Joj;fosf nflu a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxaf6 k|jfx x'g] shf{sf nflu ^=)
k|ltzt Aofhb/df k'gs{hf{ k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . o:tf] k'gs{hf{ cGtu{t
k|bfg ul/g] shf{df klg u|fxsaf6 (=) k|ltzt eGbf a9L Aofh c;'n ug{ gkfOg]
Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 .
U0f pBf]u, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u, lgof{td"ns Joj:ffo / j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf]
nflu tf]lsPsf ju{df k|jfx ul/g] ljz]if k'g/shf{b/xnfO{ !=% k|ltztdf oyfjt
sfod ul/Psf] 5 . o:tf] ;'ljwfsf] pkof]u clej[l4 u/fpg] p2]Zon] k|lqmofut
;/nLs/0f ug'{sf] ;fy} dlxnf tyf tf]lsPsf] ju{ jf ;d'bfof/f ;+rflnt ;fgf

4.16

52

Joj;fodf ;d]t ljz]if k'g/shf{sf] ;'ljwf pkof]u ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf u/L o;sf]
bfo/f ;d]t km/flsnf] agfOPsf] 5 . of] ;'ljwf pkof]u ubf{ a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfxn] ;DalGwt u|fxsaf6 $=% k|ltzteGbf a9L Aofh lng gkfpg] Joj:yf
oyfjt sfod ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} jfl0fHo a}+sxnfO{ ljb]zL d'b|fdf pknAw u/fOg]
lgof{t k'gs{hf{sf] Aofhb/ k|rlnt nfOjf]/ b/ (Libor Rate) df )=@% laGb' yk u/L
lgwf{/0f ug]{ Aoj:yfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOPsf] 5 .
tflnsf $ -s_ M a}+sb/, k'gs{hf{b/ / clgjfo{ gub cg'kft
-k|ltztdf_

pks/0fx
a}+sb/
k'gs{hf{b/x

cfly{s jif{
@)^$^% @)^%^^ @)^^^& @)^&^* @)^*^( @)^(&)
^=@%
^=%
^=%
&=)
&=)
*=)

lgof{t shf{ -:jb]zL d'b|fdf_

lgof{t shf{ -ljb]zL d'b|fdf_
U0f pBf]u
;fgf tyf 3/]n' pBf]u
pTkfbgd"ns If]q**

clgjfo{ gub cg'kft

:yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf k]gfn b/_
* LIBOR Rate df hf]8\g,]

@=%
#=@%
!=%
@=%

@=)
)=@%*
!=%
@=%
%=%

!=%
)=@%*
!=%
@=%
&=%
%=%

!=%
)=@%*
!=%
!=%
&=)
%=%

!=%
)=@%*
!=%
!=%
^=%
%=)

!=%
)=@%*
!=%
!=%
^=)
+

%=)
@=)

#=)

#=)

#=)

#=)

)=)#

** cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] df}lb|s gLltdfkm{t\ gofF Joj:yf ul/Psf] .

#

:yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf a}+sb/df g} pknAw x'g] x'Fbf k]gfn b/sf] Aoj:yf cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf]
df}lb|s gLltdfkm{t\ x6fOPsf] .
+ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxn] /fVg'kg]{ clgjfo{ gub df}HbftnfO{ s ju{sf] nflu ^=) k|ltzt, v

ju{sf] nflu %=% k|ltzt / u ju{sf] nflu %=) k|ltzt sfod ul/Psf] .
;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

df}lb|s of]ufxsf] l:ylt

4.17

rfn' cfly{s jif{sf]] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf lj:t[t d'b|f k|bfo ^=@ k|ltztn] / ;+s'lrt
d'b|f k|bfo !=^ k|ltztn] a9]sf 5g\ . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf lj:t[t d'b|f
k|bfo / ;+s'lrt d'b|f k|bfo qmdzM !@=@ k|ltzt / ^=$ k|ltztn] a9]sf lyP .
;dLIff cjlwdf rNtL lgIf]kdf sdL cfPsf] sf/0fn] ;+s'lrt d'b|f k|bfosf] j[l4
b/df sdL cfPsf] xf] eg] df}lb|s If]qsf] v'b j}b]lzs ;DklQsf] lj:tf/ sd x'g uO{
;f]sf] sf/0fn] lj:t[t d'b|f k|bfosf] j[l4 b/df sdL cfPsf] xf] .
53

tflnsf $ -v_ M d'b|f k|bfodf k|efj kfg]{ sf/sx

-?= s/f]8df_

k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] kl/jt{g

@)^*^(
/sd

k|ltzt

/sd

k|ltzt

8108.6

36.6

1177.7

3.1

3116.1

4.4

5817.3

7.8

3068.5

3.4

8850.9

8.9

-2150.6

-13.2

-4039.0

-24.8

-1008.4

-6.2

-120.2

-0.7

1142.1

3918.8

1651.6

214.5

33.8

70.2

7.0

-145.6

-9.4

193.3

16.4

-235.2

-43.3

46.2

23.2

89.6

8.9

147.1

15.0

5150.2

7.1

12626.5

15.6

-47.6

-0.2

3033.6

12.3

11224.6

12.2

6995.0

6.2

1435.2

6.4

436.0

1.6

-s_ d'b|f

1844.9

13.0

1417.7

8.3

-v_ rNtL lgIf]k

-409.7

-5.0

-981.7

-10.5

6496.5

16.2

5831.2

11.1

3293.0

11.0

727.8

2.1

(&*(=%

!$=)

^%%(=)

&=^

!=

v'b j}b]lzs ;DklQ@

@=

v'b cfGtl/s ;DklQ -@=!@=@_@

@=! s'n cfGtl/s shf{

-s_ ;/sf/nfO{ uPsf] v'b shf{
c= ;/sf/dlysf] bfjL
cf= ;/sf/L lgIf]k
-v_ u}/ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfnfO{ uPsf] shf{
-u_ ljQLo ;+:yfgxnfO{ uPsf] shf{
c= ;/sf/L
cf= u}/ ;/sf/L
-3_ lghL If]qnfO{ uPsf] shf{
@=@

v'b cdf}lb|s bfloTj@

#=

d'b|f k|bfo, Pd @ -#=!#=$_

#=!= d'b|f k|bfo, Pd ! -sv_

#=@ jrt / sn lgIf]k

#=#

@)^(&)*

cfjlws lgIf]k

#=$ d'2tL / art lgIf]k -#=@#=#_

*ckl/is[t , @ljlgdo gfkmfgf]S;fg ;dfof]hg ul/Psf], +dflh{g lgIf]k;d]t

! ljlgdo b/ kl/jt{g gfkmf ?= *$=#( s/f]]8 ;dfof]hg ul/Psf]

@ ljlgdo b/ kl/jt{g gfkmf ?= !@*@=$( s/f]]8 ;dfof]hg ul/Psf]
;|f]tM g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

54

rf6{ $ -s_ M d'b|f k|bfosf] j[l4b/

30.0

k|ltzt kl/jt{g

25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0

@)^)
c;f/

@)^!
c;f/

@)^@
c;f/

@)^#
c;f/

@)^$
c;f/

lj:t[t d'b|f -Pd @_

@)^%
c;f/

@)^^
c;f/

@)^&
c;f/

@)^* @)^(
c;f/ c;f/

;+s'lrt d'b|f -Pd !_

v'b j}b]lzs ;DklQ

4.18

vf;u/L ;]jf cfodf pNn]Vo j[l4sf] / ljk|]if0f cfk|jfxsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ ;dLIff
cjlwdf v'b j}b]lzs ;DklQ -ljb]zL ljlgdo d"Nofg gfkmfgf]S;fg ;dfof]lht_
!! ca{ &* s/f]8 -#=! k|ltzt_ n]] a9]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf pQm
;DklQ *! ca{ ( s/f]8 -#^=^ k|ltzt_ n] a9]sf] lyof] . ;dLIff cjlwdf
lgof{tsf] t'ngfdf cfoftsf] lj:tf/ pRr /x]sf] / ljk|]if0f cfk|jfxsf] j[l4
t'ngfTds kdf sd /xg'sf ;fy} kF"hLut tyf rfn" 6fG;km/ cfk|jfx cl3Nnf]
jif{sf] t'ngfdf 36]sf]n] v'b j}b]lzs ;DklQsf] j[l4b/df sdL cfPsf] xf] .

s'n cfGtl/s shf{

4.19

4.20

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dddf s'n cfGtl/s shf{ *=(
k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf pQm shf{ #=$ k|ltztn] a9]sf]
lyof] . ;dLIff cjlwdf lghL If]qtkm{sf] bfjL pNn]Vo kdf a9]sf]]n] s'n cfGtl/s
shf{sf] j[l4 pRr /xg uPsf] xf] . ;dLIff cjlwdf ;/sf/dflysf] v'b bfjL @$=*
k|ltztn] 36]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{ o:tf] bfjL !#=@ k|ltztn] 36]sf] lyof] .
;/sf/nfO{ uPsf] shf{df sdL cfPsf] / rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] kmfu'g d;fGtdf ?= #(
ca{ !( s/f]8sf] ;/sf/L art sfod /x]sf]n] ;d]t ;/sf/dflysf] v'b bfjL 36]sf]
xf] .
rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf lghL If]qtkm{sf] bfjL !%=^ k|ltzt cyf{t\
?= !@^ ca{ @^ s/f]8n] a9]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] o;} cjlwdf pQm If]qtkm{sf]
bfjL &=! k|ltzt cyf{t\ ?= %! ca{ %) s/f]8n] a9]sf] lyof] . a}+s tyf ljQLo
55

If]qsf] nufgL s[lif, phf{ nufot pTkfbgzLn If]qdf la:tf/ u/fO{ cy{tGqsf] lbuf]
ljsf;sf] nflu pTkfbg, /f]huf/L / cfo cfh{g clej[l4 ug]{ p2]Zon] g]kfn /fi6
a}+sn] cjnDag u/]sf] gLltut pkfoxsf] kl/0ffd :jk lghL If]qtkm{sf] bfjLdf
j[l4 ePsf] xf] .

?= s/f]8df

rf6{ $ -v_ M d'b|f k|bfosf sf/sx?df ePsf] kl/jt{g

80000
70000
60000
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0

@)^) @)^! @)^@ @)^# @)^$ @)^% @)^^ @)^& @)^* @)^(
c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/
v'b j}b]lzs ;DklQ

v'b cfGtl/s ;DklQ

;l~rt d''b|f
4.21

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ;l~rt d'b|f !) k|ltztn] 36]sf]
5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] o;} cjlwdf ;l~rt d'b|f !$=! k|ltztn] a9]sf] lyof] . ;dLIff
cjlwdf g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] ;/sf/ dflysf] v'b bfjL 36]sf] / v'b j}b]lzs ;DklQsf]
j[l4 b/ sd ePsf]n] ;l~rt d'b|fdf sdL cfPsf] xf] . jflif{s ljGb'ut cfwf/df eg]
@)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf ;f] d'b|f &=% k|ltztn] a9]sf]] 5 .
tflnsf $ -u_ M ;l~rt d'b|fdf ePsf] kl/jt{g

zLif{s

;l~rt d'b|f
;+s'lrt d'b|f
u'0fs
lj:t[t d'b|f
u'0fs

@)^*
c;f/
d;fGt

@)^*
kmfu'g
d;fGt

@)^(
c;f/
d;fGt

@)^(*
kmfu'g
d;fGt

23418.9

26715.3

31932.3

0.953

0.889

3.937

3.872

-?= s/f]8df_
k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf
k|ltzt kl/jt{g

@)^*^(

@)^(&)

28723.9

14.1

-10.0

0.828

0.936

-6.7

13.0

3.542

4.181

-1.7

18.0

* ckl/is[t ., ;|f]tM g]kfn /i6 a}+s .

4.22

d'b|f u'0fstkm{, lj:t[t d'b|f u'0fs @)^( c;f/sf] t'ngfdf @)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf
!* k|ltztn] a9L $=@ df k'u]sf] 5 . ;f]lx cjlwdf ;+s'lrt d'b|f u'0fs klg !#
56

k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . ;dLIff cjlwdf ;l~rt d'b|fsf] j[l4b/ C0ffTds /x]sf] x'Fbf
d'b|f u'0fssf] j[l4b/ pNn]Vo /x]sf] xf] .

df}lb|s pks/0fxsf] sfof{Gjog l:ylt

4.23

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] cf7 dlxgf;Dddf v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/ cGtu{t ;f]em}
laqmL af]nsaf]n dfkm{t ?= * ca{ %) s/f]8 a/fa/sf] t/ntf k|zf]rg ePsf] 5 .
cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf laqmL af]nsaf]n dfkm{t ?= * ca{ $) s/f]8 t/ntf
k|zf]rg ePsf] lyof] eg] l/kf] af]nsaf]n dfkm{t ?= &$ s/f]8 #& nfv a/fa/sf]
t/ntf k|jfx ePsf] lyof] . vf;u/L t/ntf ;xh l:yltdf /x]sf] sf/0f ;dLIff
cjlwdf l/kf] af]nsaf]n dfkm{t t/ntf k|jfx ug'{ gk/]sf] xf] .

4.24

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] cf7 dlxgf;Dddf g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] ljb]zL ljlgdo
ahf/ -jfl0fHo a}+sx_ af6 cd]l/sL 8n/ ! ca{ &( s/f]8 v'b vl/b u/L ?= !%%
ca{ !& s/f]8 a/fa/sf] v'b t/ntf k|jfx u/]sf]] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf
ljb]zL ljlgdo ahf/af6 cd]l/sL 8n/ @ ca{ % s/f]8 v'b vl/b u/L ?= !^) ca{
^) s/f]8sf]] v'b t/ntf k|jfx ePsf]] lyof] . ;dLIff cjlwdf t/ntf ;xh l:yltdf
/x]sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]lx cjlwsf] t'ngfdf cd]l/sL 8n/sf]
vl/bdf sdL cfPsf] xf] .
tflnsf $ -3_ M v'nf ahf/ sf/f]jf/ l:ylt
ljj/0f

v
u
;|f]t
4.25

t/ntf k|zf]rg
laqmL af]nsaf]n
l/e;{ l/kf] af]nsaf]n
t/ntf k|jfx
vl/b af]nsaf]n
l/kf] af]nsaf]n
v'b t/ntf k|zf]rg -sv_
M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

@)^&^* @)^*)^(

-?= s/f]8df_
k|yd cf7 dlxgf

@)^*^(

@)^(&)

2100.0

840.0

840.0

850.0

200.0

840.0

840.0

850.0

1900.0

9238.6

74.4

74.4

9238.6

74.4

74.4

(7138.6)

765.6

765.6

850.0

;dLIff cjlwdf cd]l/sL 8n/ ! ca{ (^ s/f]8 laqmL u/L ?= !&) ca{ $@ s/f]8
a/fa/sf] ef=?= vl/b ePsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf cd]l/sL 8n/ ! ca{
*) s/f]8 laqmL u/L ?= !$) ca{ *@ s/f]8 a/fa/sf] ef=?= vl/b ePsf]] lyof] .

cGt/ a}+s sf/f]jf/ / :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf

4.26

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] cf7 dlxgf;Dddf jfl0fHo a}+sxn] ?= #() ca{ !*
s/f]8 / cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx -ljsf; a}+s / ljQ sDkgLx_ n] ?= !)) ca{ ^@
57

s/f]8 a/fa/sf] cGt/a}+s sf/f]af/ u/]sf 5g\ . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf
jfl0fHo a}+sx / cGo ljQLo ;+:yfxn] qmdzM ?= !@( ca{ !& s/f]8 / ?= !!#
ca{ ^% s/f]8 a/fa/sf] o:tf] sf/f]af/ u/]sf lyP . ;dLIff cjlwdf ?= !^ ca{ %^
s/f]8sf] :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf pkof]u ePsf] 5 . cl3NNff] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf ?=
$ ca{ #% s/f]8sf] :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf pkof]u ePsf] lyof] .

cNksfnLg Aofhb/
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g dlxgfdf cl3Nnf] jif{sf]] ;f]xL dlxgfsf] t'ngfdf
cNksfnLg Aofhb/x dWo] (!lbg] 6]h/L ljn / jfl0fHo a}+sxsf] cGt/a}+s
sf/f]af/sf] efl/t cf};t Aofhb/df s]xL j[l4 ePsf] 5 eg] cGo ljQLo
;+:yfxaLrsf]] cGt/a}+s efl/t cf};t Aofhb/df sdL cfPsf] 5 . ;f] cg';f/
(!lbg] 6]h/L ljnsf] efl/t cf};t Aofhb/ cl3Nnf] jif{sf] kmfu'g dlxgfdf )=(&
k|ltzt /x]sf]df @)^( kmfu'g dlxgfdf $=)@ k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . To;}u/L, jfl0fHo
a}+sxaLrsf] cGt/a}+s sf/f]af/sf] efl/t cf};t Aofhb/ cl3Nnf] jif{sf] kmfu'gdf
)=^( k|ltzt /x]sf] t'ngfdf @)^( kmfu'gdf $=@^ k|ltzt k'u]sf]] 5 eg] cGo
ljQLo ;+:yfxaLrsf] cGt/a}+s sf/f]af/sf] efl/t cf};t Aofhb/ cl3Nnf] jif{sf]
kmfu'gdf &=%* k|ltzt /x]sf] t'ngfdf @)^( kmfu'gdf $=*! k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
vf;u/L t/ntf Joj:yfkgsf nflu d'b|f ahf/n] g} sfd u/f];\ eGg] gLlt lnOPsf]n]
klg o:tf] Jofhb/df j[l4 b]lvPsf] xf] .
tflnsf $ -_ M (!lbg] 6]h/L ljN; / cGt/a}+s Aofhb/

4.27

-k|ltzt_

ljj/0f

@)^* r}t @)^( c;f/ @)^( c;f]h @)^( kf}if @)^( r}t

(! lbg] 6]h/L ljn

1.09

1.15

0.31

1.52

3.49

cGt/a}+s

0.69

0.86

0.33

0.71

3.78

;|f]tM g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

ljQLo If]q lj:tf/

4.28

rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] r}t;Dddf #@ jfl0fHo a}+s, *( ljsf; a}+s, ^% ljQ sDkgLx
tyf @* n3' ljQ;DaGwL sf/f]jf/ ug{ Ohfhtkq k|fKt 3 ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx
/x]sf 5g\ . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf cltl/Qm ;f]lx ;dodf @% aLdf sDkgL,
sd{rf/L ;~ro sf]if, gful/s nufgL sf]if / x'nfs art a}+snufotsf ;+:yfx
ljljw tj/af6 ljQLo ;]jfsf If]qdf sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\ . o;} aLrdf ufEg]
ufleg];DaGwL ljlgodfjnL @)^* nfu' ePkl5 a}+s tyf laQLo ;+:yfxsf] Ps
cfk;df ufleg] qmd hf/L /x]sf] 5 .

58

tflnsf $ -r_ M a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] ;+Vof

@)^%
c;f/

@)^^
c;f/

@)^&
c;f/

jfl0fHo a}+s

25

26

27

31

32

32

ljsf; a}+s

58

63

71

88

88

89

ljQ sDkgL

78

77

79

80

70

65

n3' ljQ sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;+:yfx

g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6
Ohfhtk|fKt ;xsf/L ;+:yfx
- ;Lldt a}+ls sf/f]jf/ ug]{_
g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 Ohfht
k|fKt u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx -n3'
ljQ sf/f]jf/ ug]{_
aLdf sDkgL

12

15

18

21

24

28

16

16

15

16

16

16

46

45

45

38

36

33

25

25

25

25

25

25

sd{rf/L ;~ro sf]if

gful/s nufgL sf]if

x'nfs art a}+s

117

117

117

117

117

117

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx

x'nfs art a}+ssf sfof{nox

@)^* @)^(
c;f/ c;f/

@)^(
r}t

;|f]tM g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

4.29

;+VofTds ljsf;;Fu} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] lgIf]k ;+sng tyf shf{
sf/f]jf/df lj:tf/ x'Fb} cfPsf]5 . o;af6 ljQLo ;dfj]zLs/0f Pjd\ cy{tGqdf
ljQLo If]qsf] k|uf9tf;d]t a9\g] ljZjf; ug{ ;lsG5 . jfl0fHo a}+s / ljQLo
;+:yfxsf] ljQLo sf/f]jf/;DaGwL s]xL k|d'v kl/;"rsxnfO{ tflnsf $-5_ df
k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf $ -5_ M a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf s]xL k|d'v kl/;"rsx
ca{df

ljj/0f
s'n ;DklQ
s'n lgIf]k
s'n shf{;fk6
lgIf]ks'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg
cg'kft

@)^%
c;f/

@)^^
c;f/

@)^&
c;f/

@)^*
c;f/

@)^(
c;f/

@)^(
r}t

604.5

833.5

996.1

1158.32

1380.8

1515.02

505.7

676

795.3

871.91

1076.57

1159.51

358.1

495.2

622.6

713.09

804.46

943.97

62

68.4

67.9

64

68.8

74

59

ljj/0f
shf{;fk6 s'n ufx{:Yo
pTkfbg cg'kft -_
s'n lgIf]ksf] ahf/ lx:;f
jfl0fHo a}+s -s ju{_
ljsf; a}+s -v ju{_
ljQ sDkgL -u ju{_
cGo ;+:yfx
s'n shf{;fk6sf] ahf/ lx:;f
jfl0fHo a}+s -s ju{_
ljsf; a}+s -v ju{_
ljQ sDkgL -u ju{_
cGo ;+:yfx

@)^%
c;f/

@)^^
c;f/

@)^&
c;f/

@)^*
c;f/

@)^(
c;f/

@)^(
r}t

43.9

50.1

53.1

52

50.7

59.3

85.6

83.4

79.4

78.9

80.62

80.32

5.1

7.2

9.7

11.1

11.83

12.14

8.5

8.4

10

9.8

7.07

6.98

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.2

0.48

0.55

78.6

76.8

74.2

74

77.39

77.03

6.6

8.7

10.6

12.5

12.49

12.92

12.1

12.1

12.8

12.2

8.29

7.83

2.7

2.4

2.4

1.3

1.83

2.22

;|f]tM g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

zfvf lj:tf/
4.30

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] kmfu'gdf jfl0fHo a}+ssf zfvfxsf] ;+Vof ! xhf/ #
;o /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] kmfu'g d;fGtdf of] ;+Vof a9]/ ! xhf/ $ ;o &@
k'u]sf] 5 . o;} cjlwdf ljsf; a}+s / ljQ sDkgLxsf] zfvf ;+Vof qmdzM & ;o
!# / @ ;o (* k'uL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] s'n zfvf ;+Vof @ xhf/ $ ;o
%& k'u]sf] 5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf oL zfvfxnfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf ;'b"/
klZrdf~rn ljsf; If]q / dWoklZrdf~rn ljsf; If]q ljQLo lj:tf/sf
b[li6sf]0fn] ;a} eGbf k5fl8 k/]sf 5g\ .
tflnsf $ -h_ M a}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf zfvfx

ljsf; If]q tyf c~rn

k"jf{~rn ljsf; If]q
d]rL
sf]zL
;u/dfyf
dWodf~rn ljsf; If]q
hgsk'/
gf/fo0fL
jfudtL

-@)^( kmfu'g d;fGt_

jfl0fHo a}+s ljsf; a}+s

ljQ sDkgL

hDdf

270

95

36

375

74

26

10

84

136

60

18

214

60

77

731

266

171

1168

70

30

108

138

98

35

271

523

138

128

789

60

ljsf; If]q tyf c~rn

klZrdf~rn ljsf; If]q
u08sL
n'lDjgL
wf}nflu/L
dWo klZrdf~rn ljsf; If]q
/fKtL
s0ff{nL
e]/L
;'b"/ klZrdf~rn ljsf; If]q
;]tL
dxfsfnL
s'n hDdf

jfl0fHo a}+s

ljsf; a}+s

ljQ sDkgL

hDdf

261

267

78

606

111

123

37

271

121

125

31

277

29

19

10

58

124

62

11

197

43

31

79

13

13

68

31

105

86

23

111

52

12

66

34

11

45

1472

713

298

2457

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

ljsf; If]q cg';f/ x]bf{ ljQLo kx'Frsf] l:ylt lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
tflnsf $ -em_ M ljQLo kx'r
a}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf k|lt zfvf
hg;+Vof
zfvfx
hg;+Vof
5,811,555
375
k"jf{~rn
9,656,985
1,168
dWodf~rn
4,926,765
606
klZrdf~rn
dWo
3,546,682
197
klZrdf~rn
;'b'/
2,552,517
111
klZrdf~rn
26,494,504
2,457
hDdf

4.31

15,497
8,268
8,130
18,003
22,996

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s / s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu .

4.32

a}+ls sf/f]jf/df ;a}eGbf 7"nf] lx:;f cf]u6]sf] jfl0fHo a}+sxsf] s'n lgIf]knfO{
cfwf/ dfGbf @)^( c;f/ d;fGtdf k|lt JolQm cf};t lgIf]k ?= #@ xhf/ & ;o
^) /x]sf]df @)^( kmfu'gdf o:tf] lgIf]k a9]/ ?= #$ xhf/ % ;o $^ k'u]sf] 5 .
o;}u/L, @)^( c;f/df jfl0fHo a}sxaf6 k|jflxt k|lt JolQm cf};t shf{ ?= @#
xhf/ $ ;o (* /x]sf]df @)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf ;f] shf{ ?= @^ xhf/ & ;o $!
k'u]sf] 5 . o; k|sf/sf] a}+ls lj:tf/af6 ;]jf k|jfx k|efjsf/L eO{ ;/sf/f/f
3f]lift ul/aL lgjf/0f / cfly{s a[l4 xfl;n ug]{ h:tf sfo{qmdnfO{ ;d]t d2t k'Ug
hfg] x'G5 .
61

tflnsf $ -`_ M ljQLo lj:tf/ tyf k|uf9tfsf s]xL kl/;"rsx

@)^^
c;f/
jfl0fHo a}+s zfvf
k|lt zfvf hg;+Vof
jfl0fHo a}+ssf] :jb]zL lgIf]k
-?=ca{df_
k|lt JolQm lgIf]k -?=_
jfl0fHo a}+ssf] shf{ -?=
ca{df_
k|lt JolQm shf{ -?=_

@)^&
c;f/

@)^*
c;f/

@)^(
c;f/

@)^(
kmfu'g

752

966

1111

1425

1472

34435

27184

23960

18592

17998

495=8

569=0

680=2

867=98

915=28

19150

21668

25500

32760

34546

406=7

472=3

544=2

622=57

708=51

15709

17985

20400

23498

26741

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

4.33

b]zdf xfn ljBdfg ljQLo lj:tf/sf] k|efjnfO{ tnsf] rf6{af6 klg x]g{ ;lsG5 .
rf6{ $ -u_ M laQLo ;]jfsf] la:tf/
40000
35000
30000

;+Vof

25000
20000

k|lt zfvf hg;+Vof

15000

k|lt AolQm lgIf]k ?=

10000

k|lt AolQm shf{ ?=

5000
0
@)^^ c;f/ @)^& c;f/ @)^* c;f/ @)^( c;f/

@)^(
kmfu'g

lgIf]k kl/rfng tyf shf{ k|jfx

4.34

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] cf7 dlxgfdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] lgIf]k
kl/rfng ^=* k|ltzt -?= ^* ca{ ^@ s/f]8_ n] a9]sf] 5 . cl3NNff] jif{sf] ;f]xL
cjlwdf lgIf]k kl/rfng !!=$ k|ltzt -?= ($ ca{ & s/f]8_ n] a9]sf] lyof] .
;dLIff cjlwdf jfl0fHo a}+s, ljsf; a}+s / ljQ sDkgLxsf] lgIf]k kl/rfng
qmdzM %=& k|ltzt, *=% k|ltzt / $=& k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL
cjlwdf jfl0fHo a}+s / ljsf; a}+sxsf] lgIf]k kl/rfng qmdzM !#=^ k|ltzt,
^=* k|ltztn] a9]sf] lyof] eg] ljQ sDkgLxsf] s]xL 36]sf] lyof] . jflif{s ljGb'ut
62

cfwf/df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] lgIf]k kl/rfng !&=* k|ltzt -?= !^# ca{
!$ s/f]8_ n] j[l4 eO{ @)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf ?= !)*) ca{ $$ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 .
o; cjlwdf vf;u/L ljk|]if0f cfosf] j[l4b/df sdL cfpg'sf] ;fy} ;/sf/L vr{df
x|f; cfO{ gub df}Hbft pNn]Vo kdf 36]sf]n] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] lgIf]k
kl/rfng k|efljt ePsf] xf] . o;sf] ;fy} lgIf]ksf] Aofhb/ Go"g /x]sf] sf/0faf6
klg lgIf]k kl/rfng s]xL xb;Dd k|efljt ePsf] xf] .
4.35

o;}u/L ;dLIff cjlwdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] shf{ tyf nufgL tk{m lghL
If]qsf] bfjL !%=^ k|ltzt -?= !@^ ca{ # s/f]8_ n] a9]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL
cjlwdf o:tf] shf{ tyf nufgLdf lghL If]qsf] bfjL &=! k|ltzt -?= %! ca{ #!
s/f]8_ n] dfq a9]sf] lyof] . ;dLIff cjlwdf jfl0fHo a}+s, ljsf; a}+s / ljQ
sDkgLxsf]] shf{ tyf nufgLdf lghL If]qsf] bfjL qmdzM !%=@ k|ltzt, !&=@
k|ltzt / !&=! k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 .
tflnsf $ -6_ M lgIf]]k kl/rfng tyf shf{ k|afx
zLif{s

lgIf]]k kl/rfng
jfl0fHo a}+sx
ljsf; a}+sx
ljQ sDkgLx
a}+s tyf ljQLo
;++:yfx +
shf{ k|afx -lghL
If]qdf_
jfl0fHo a}+sx
ljsf; a}+sx
ljQ sDkgLx
a}+s tyf ljQLo
;++:yfx +

@)^* c;f/
d;fGt

@)^*
kmfu'g
d;fGt

@)^(*
c;f/
d;fGt

@)^(*
kmfu'g
d;fGt

-?= s/f]8df_
k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf
k|ltzt kl/jt{g
@)^*^( @)^(&)

68023

77245

86169

91122

13.6

5.7

9111

9731

12213

13248

6.8

8.5

8155

8154

7540

7895

4.7

82323

91730

101182

108044

11.4

6.8

54425

59853

63336

72993

10.0

15.2

9269

9033

10333

12106

-2.6

17.2

8595

8535

6862

8035

-0.7

17.1

72290

77421

80531

93134

7.1

15.6

;|f]tM g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

*ckl/is[t .
+ Ps cfk;sf] lx;fj ldnfg ePkl5 .

lgis[o shf{sf] l:ylt

4.36

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] lgis[o shf{ / o:fsf] s'n shf{;Fusf] cg'kft @)^(
k'; d;fGtdf @)^( c;f/d;fGtsf] t'ngfdf jfl0fHo a}+s, ljsf; a}+s / ljQ
sDkgL u/L ;j} ;d'xdf s]xL a9]sf] b]lvG5 .
63

tflnsf $ -7_ M lgis[o shf{

-?= s/f]8df_

a}+s tyf ljQLo

;+:yf

@)^&^*
lgis[o
k|ltzt
shf{
1686.8
158.1
109.9

jfl0fHo a}+s
ljsf; a}+s
ljQ sDkgL

3.2
2.4
1.7

@)^*^(
lgis[o
k|ltzt
shf{
1637.1
492.7
714.6

2.6
4.9
10.7

@)^( k'; d;fGt

lgis[o
k|ltzt
shf{
2219.0
664.1
1030.3

3.2
5.8
14.1

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

n3'ljQ sf/f]jf/ ug]{ 3 ju{sf ;+:yfx

4.37

4.38

u|fdL0f If]qdf a;f]af; ug]{ ljkGg ju{sf dlxnfxnfO{ ljljw lsl;dsf cfod"ns
sfddf ;+nUg u/fpgsf nflu n3'ljQ sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ljleGg a}+s tyf ;+:yfx
b]zdf sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\ . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] cf7 dlxgf;Dddf n3' ljQ
;DaGwL sf/f]jf/ ug]{ 3 ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx cGt/ut % j6f u|fdL0f ljsf;
a}+s, @) j6f u|fdL0f a}+lsu k4lt cg'z/0fstf{ / # j6f n3'ljQ ;DaGwL yf]s
sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;d]t u/L hDdf @* j6f ;+:yfx /x]sf 5g\ .
n3'ljQ ;DaGwL sf/f]jf/ ug]{ 3 ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] s'n ;DklQbfloTj
@)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf @)^* c;f/ d;fGtsf] t'ngfdf )=@& k|ltztn] sd eO{
?= @( ca{ &$ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . @)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf oL ;+:yfxsf] s'n lgIf]k
/ ;fk6L qmdzM ?= ^ ca{ !* s/f]8 / ?= !^ ca{ @$ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 eg] s'n
shf{ / nufgL qmdzM ?= @) ca{ @! s/f]8 / ?= # ca{ # s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 .
tflnsf $ -8_ M n3'ljQ ;+:yfxsf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t tyf pkof]usf] ljj/0f
;fwg

pkof]u

ljj/0f
k"FhL sf]if
lgIf]k
;fk6L
cGo
gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj
;fwgpkof]u
t/n sf]if
nufgL
shf{ tyf ;fk6L
cGo
gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj

@)^( c;f/

@)^( kmfu'g*

281=09
512=78
1657=50
472=38
57=79
2981=55
564=85
219=06
1770=00
415=89
11=75

354=16
618=48
1624=08
322=39
54=50
2973=61
420=21
302=85
2020=54
219=18
10=83

* ckl/is[t .

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

64

-?= s/f]8df_
k|ltzt kl/jt{g
26=00
20=61
-2=02
-31=75
-5=69
-0=27
-25=60
38=25
14=16
-47=30
-7=83

cGo ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t / pkof]usf] l:ylt

sd{rf/L ;~ro sf]if
4.39

sd{rf/L ;~ro sf]if P]g, @)!( cGtu{t @)!( ebf} #! ut] :yflkt sd{rf/L
;~ro sf]ifn] lghfdtL sd{rf/L, ;}lgs, k|x/L, lzIfs, ;/sf/L ;+:yfg tyf s]xL
lghL sDkgLsf sd{rf/Lxsf] ;~ro sf]ifsf] Joj:yfkg ub}{cfPsf] 5 . rfn' jif{sf]
k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dddf sf]ifdf $ nfv ^* xhf/ ;~rostf{x cfj4 /x]sf 5g\ .
utjif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf sf]ifdf $ nfv ^) xhf/ ;~rostf{x cfj4 /x]sf lyP .

4.40

;~rostf{xnfO{ C0f k|bfg ug'{sf] cltl/Qm o; sf]ifn] 3/ hUuf Joj;fo, pBf]u

tyf hnljB't kl/of]hgfdf klg nufgL u/]sf] 5 . o; sf]ifsf] ;DklQbfloTj
@)^( c;f/ d;fGtdf cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf !* k|ltztn] j[l4
eO{ ?= ! vj{ @% ca{ &% s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 eg] @)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf o:tf]
;DklQbfloTj ?= ! vj{ #* ca{ %$ s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . ;~rostf{xsf] ;+lrt
/sd @)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf ?= ! vj{ ## ca{ ^% s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 .

gful/s nufgL sf]if

4.41

4.42

4.43

gful/s nufgLsf]if P]g, @)$& cGtu{t @)$& r}t $ ut] :yflkt gful/s nufgL
sf]ifn] JolQmut tyf ;+:yfut art kl/rfng ug'{'sf ;fy} C0f tyf ;fk6L k|bfg
ug]{ / ljleGg ;+ul7t ;+:yfxsf] lwtf]kq lgisf;gsf] sfdnfO{ ;xh t'Nofpg
lgisfzg k|aGwssf] sfd;d]t ub}{cfPsf] 5 . o; sf]ifsf] ;DklQ tyf bfloTj
@)^( c;f/ d;fGtdf ?= #% ca{ &) s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 eg] @)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf
cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf @!=* k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= #* ca{ *^
s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . o; sf]ifsf] ;|f]t tkm{ x]bf{ cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf
@)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf lgIf]k -sf]if ;+sng_ @( k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= #^ ca{ *#
s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . ;dLIff cjlwsf] k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dddf ;+slnt s'n sf]if
/sddWo] sd{rf/L jrt j[l4 cjsfz sf]ifsf] c+z ^^=(# k|ltzt, gful/s Psf+s
of]hgfsf] c+z !=@% k|ltzt, pkbfg sf]if of]hgfsf] c+z !$=)^ k|ltzt, nufgL
stf{ lx;fj of]hgfsf] c+z $=@$ k|ltzt / aLdf sf]ifaf6 ;+slnt /sdsf] c+z
!#=%! k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
sf]ifn] kF'hL ahf/ ;]jf cGtu{t dr]{G6 a}ls sf/f]af/df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df
?=& ca{ *! s/f]8 a/fa/sf] ;fwf/0f tyf xsk|b z]o/ lgZsf;gsf] sfd ;DkGg
u/]sf] 5 . sf]ifjf6 @)^( kmfu'g d;fGt;Dddf ?=!) ca{ !^ s/f]8sf] ;fwf/0f tyf
xsk|b z]o/ lgisf;g ePsf] 5 eg] z]o/ /lhi6f/ ;]jf z'Ns, z]o/ lgisfzg z'Ns
tyf k|Tofe"lt sld;g z'Ns tkm{ ?=(* s/f]8 ** nfv /sd cfh{g ePsf] 5 .
gful/s nufgL sf]ifn] @)^( kmfNu'g d;fGtsf] nufgLsf] ;+/rgf cg';f/ d'4lt
lgIf]k nufotsf lglZrt Aofh k|fKt x'g] ;fwgxdf s'n nufgLsf] %!=!& k|ltzt,
;/sf/L C0fkqdf (=&$ k|ltzt, z]o/lwtf]kqdf %=!& k|ltzt, ;dosflng shf{df
65

!$=@& k|ltzt / ;xefuL ;fk6Lcfjfz shf{df !#=&$ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . ut

jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf o; jif{ d'4tL lgIf]k tkm{sf] nufgLdf !%=*^ k|ltzt
eGbf a9Ln]] sdL cfPsf] 5 .

x'nfs art a}+s

4.44 g]kfn

;/sf/, x'nfs ;]jf ljefuf/f ;~rflnt x'nfs art a}+sn] @)## ;fnb]lv
sfo{ k|f/De u/]sf] xf] . lgIf]k ;+sng ug{ :jLs[t x'nfs sfof{noxsf] ;+Vof ! ;o
!& /x]sf] eP tfklg @)^( kmfu'g d;fGt;Dddf ^* j6f sfof{noxn] dfq a}+lsu
sfo{ ;~rfng ul//x]sf 5g\ . x'nfs art a}+ssf] s'n lgIf]k @)^( c;f/
d;fGtdf ?= ! ca{ @* s/f]8 /x]sf]df @)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf sl/j !) s/f]8n]
j[l4eO{ sl/j ?= ! ca{ #* s/f]8 /xg uPsf] 5 . ;f] a}+sdf @)^( kmfu'g
d;fGtdf s'n vftf ;+Vof %* xhf/ % ;o %* /x]sf] 5 .

lgIf]k tyf shf{ ;'/If0f lgud

4.45

4.46

b'u{d If]q tyf u/La hgtfsf] 3/b}nf]df a}ls ;]jf k'ofpgsf] nflu k|fyldstf
k|fKt If]qdf jfl0fHo a}+sxnfO{ nufgL ug{ k|f]T;flxt ug]{ p2]Zon] @)#! ;fn
c;f]h $ ut] :yfkgf ePsf] lgIf]k tyf shf{ ;'/If0f lgudn] k|fyldstf k|fKt If]q
shf{nufot kz'wg ;'/If0f, t/sf/L afnL ;'/If0f, j}b]lzs /f]huf/ shf{ ;'/If0f,
n3' tyf ljkGg ju{ shf{ ;'/If0f / ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBd shf{ ;'/If0f h:tf
sfo{x ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . xfn lgudsf] r'Qmf k'FhL ?= ! ca{ /x]sf] / ;f] dWo] g]kfn
;/sf/sf] *&=& k|ltZft, g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] !) k|ltZft / afFsL g]kfn a}+s ln= /
/fli6o jfl0fHo a}+s ln=sf] :jfldTj /x]sf] 5 .
lgIf]k tyf shf{ ;'/If0f lgudn] @)^( kmfu'g d;fGt;Dddf ?= %$ s/f]8 $$
nfv shf{ ;'/If0f u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd
s ,v ,u / 3 ju{sf j}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxn] cfgf] ;+:yfdf k|fs[lts
JolQmsf gfddf art tyf d'2lt vftfdf /x]sf] ?= @ nfv;Ddsf] lgIf]k ;'/If0f ug'{
kg]{ Joj:yf jdf]lhd cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df ?= @ vj{ lgIf]k ;'/If0f ug]{ nIo
/x]sf]df @)^( r}q d;fGt;Dddf pQm lgudaf6 ljleGg ! ;o *$ j6f j}+s tyf
ljlQo ;+:yfxsf] hDdf ?= @ vj{ #) ca{ &! s/f]8 j/fj/sf] lgIf]k /sd ;'/If0f
eO;s]sf] 5 .

shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb| lnld6]8

4.47

g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] cu'jfO{df @)$^ ;fndf :yfkgf ePsf] shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|
lnld6]8n] C0fsf] e'StfgL;DaGwL cj:yfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L xfl;n u/L ;f]
hfgsf/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ pknAw u/fpg] / sfnf];"rLdf /x]sf
C0fLxsf] ljj/0f tof/ kfg]{ ub{5 . o; s]Gb|df g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, jfl0fHo a}+s
;d"x, ljsf; a}+s ;d"x / ljQ sDkgL ;d"xsf] qmdzM !) k|ltzt, ^% k|ltzt, !)
66

k|ltzt / !% k|ltzt z]o/ :jfldTj /x]sf] 5 . @)^( c;f/ d;fGtdf ljleGg a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf $,)#@ C0fLx sfnf];"rLdf /x]sf 5g\ . @)^( c;f/ b]lv
@)^( kmfu'g d;fGt ;Dddf yk #!( C0fL sfnf];"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf 5g\ eg]
!)@ C0fL ;f] ;"rLjf6 x6]sf 5g\ .

u|fdL0f :jfjnDjg sf]if

4.48 lj=;+=

@)$& ;fndf :yfkgf ePsf] u|fdL0f :jfjnDag sf]ifn] :yfgLo ;|f]t, ;fwg
/ ;Lksf] clwstd pkof]u x'g] u/L nlIft ju{sf] cfly{s Pj+ ;fdflhs :t/df
;'wf/ Nofpg] p2]Zon] yf]s shf{ pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . u|fdL0f :jfjnDag
sf]ifsf] ;du| Joj:yfkg kIfnfO{ lgb]{lzt ug{ Pjd\ o;nfO{ ;d;fdlos agfpg
cfjZos ePsf]n] ldlt @)^( kmfu'g @ ut]b]lv nfu' x'g] u/L u|fdL0f :jfjnDag
sf]if shf{ lgb]{lzsf, @)^) nfO{ vf/]h u/L u|fdL0f :jfjnDag sf]if ;~rfng
lgb]{lzsf, @)^( nfu' ul/Psf] 5 .
4.49 sf]ifaf6 ljkGg ju{sf] cfly{s pTyfgsf nflu k|lt JolQm a9Ldf ?= () xhf/
;Ddsf] shf{ ;xsf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx dfk{mt pknAw u/fpg ;lsg]
Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . xfn;Dd g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt ?= !( s/f]8 / g]kfn /fi6
a}+saf6 k|fKt ?= @% s/f]8 #$ nfv u/L sf]ifsf] s'n k"FhL ?= $$ s/f]8 #$ nfv
/x]sf]] 5 . ;f]xL k"FhLaf6 sf]ifn] lgb]{lzsfdf Joj:yf ePadf]lhd cfk"m;Fu cfa4
;+:yfxnfO{ ;DalGwt ;+:yfxsf] Ifdtf tyf k|fylds k"FhLsf] cfwf/df shf{
pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 .
4.50 sf]ifaf6 @)^( ;fn kmfu'g d;fGt;Dddf ^^& j6f ;xsf/L ;+:yf / %# j6f u}/
;/sf/L ;+:yf u/L s'n &@) ;+:yfxnfO{ ?= () s/f]8 #^ nfv shf{ k|jfx
ePsf]df pQm shf{dWo] ?= %) s/f]8 ! nfv c;'nL ePsf] 5 eg] ?= $) s/f]8 #$
nfv shf{ nufgLdf /lx/x]sf] l:ylt 5 . ;xsf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfxnfO{
sf]ifaf6 k|jflxt shf{sf] c;'nL b/ ()=^^ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . sf]ifaf6 pknAw
u/fOPsf] shf{af6 u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfn] @& lhNnfdf / ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] ^@ lhNnfdf
;]jf k'ofPsf 5g\ eg] s'n #& xhf/ #) u|fdL0f 3/ kl/jf/n] ljleGg cfo tyf
:j/f]huf/d"ns sfo{qmdx ;+rfng u/L k|ToIfkn] nfeflGjt eO{ cfly{s cj:yf
;'wfb}{ nu]sf 5g\ .
tflnsf $ -9_ M u|fdL0f :jfanDag sf]ifsf] k|ult ljj/0f
-?= s/f]8df_

ljj/0f
shf{ ljt/0f ePsf] lhNnf ;+Vof
shf{ ljtl/t ;+:yf ;+Vof
nfeflGjt kl/jf/ ;+Vof
ljtl/t shf{ /sd -?= s/f]8df_
c;'n ePsf] /sd -?= s/f]8df_

@)^( c;f/
^@
&!)
#@,@$)
(!=(
$*=$
67

@)^( kmfu'g
^@
&@!
#&,)#)
!)^=#
%^=*

ljj/0f
nufgLdf /lx/x]sf] /sd -?= s/f]8df_
efvf gf3]sf] shf{ -c;'n x'g'kg]{ /sdsf] k|ltzt_
shf{ c;'nL -k|ltzt_

@)^( c;f/
@)^( kmfu'g
$#=^
$(=%
%=^
*=#
($=$
(!=&

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

;Lldt a}+ls sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx

4.51

;xsf/L P]g, @)$* cGtu{t :yfkgf eO{ ;Lldt a}+ls sf/f]af/ ug{ g]kfn /fi6
a}saf6 Ohfhtkq k|fKt u/]sf ;xsf/L ;+:yfxn] g]kfn /fi6 a}+sf/f hf/L
ul/Psf] lgb]{zgsf] cwLgdf /xL ;Lldt a}+ls sf/f]jf/ ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . @)^(
kmfu'g d;fGt;Dddf o:tf ;+:yfxsf] ;+Vof !% / /fli6o ;xsf/L ljsf; a}+s
;d]t u/L hDdf !^ /x]sf] 5 . oL ;+:yfxsf] s'n ;DklQ tyf bfloTj @)^( c;f/
d;fGt;Dddf ?= !! ca{ ^% s/f]8 @$ nfv /x]sf] 5 . o;}u/L @)^( kmfNu'0f
d;fGt;Dddf oL ;+:yfxsf] lgIf]k ;+sng ( ca{ #! s/f]8 &@ nfv k'u]sf] 5
eg] shf{ tyf ;fk6L ?= * ca{ ## s/f]8 @& nfv k'u]sf] 5 . oL ;+:yfxn] @)^(
kmfu'g d;fGt;Dddf ;/sf/L lwtf]kq, d'2lt vftf / cGodf u/L ?= (& s/f]8 ^*
nfv nufgL u/]sf 5g\ .

4.52

;xsf/L P]g, @)$* adf]lhd btf{ eO{ sf/f]jf/ ul//x]sf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L
;+:yfxsf] ;+Vof @)^( r}t d;fGt;Dddf @* xhf/ k'u]sf] 5 . h;dWo] sl/j !@
xhf/ ^ ;o j6f ;+:yfxn] art ;+sng tyf C0f k|jfx ug]{ ub{5g\ eg] sl/j $
xhf/ j6f ;+:yfxn] ax'p2]ZoLo sf/f]jf/ ub]{ cfPsf 5g\ .
tflnsf $ -0f_ M art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfxsf] ultljlwsf] emns
?= s/f]8df
ljj/0f

;xsf/Lsf] ;+Vof
;b:o ;+Vof
;]o/ k'hL
art
nufgL

art tyf C0f ;xsf/L

@)^* r}t
@)^( r}t

@)^& r}t
10,558

25,371

28,248

14,06,021

36,19.913

41,14,234

1,422.2

2,274.0

2,768.0

9,845.4

12,721.0

14,803.0

8,070.0

13,628.0

13,782.0

;|f]tM g]kfn ;/sf/,;xsf/L tyf u/LjL lgjf/0f dGqfno, ;xsf/L ljefu .

ljQLo If]q ;'wf/ sfo{qmd

4.53

s]Gb|Lo a}+ssf] sf/f]af/nfO{ cfw'lgsLs/0f ug{ / n]vf k|0ffnLnfO{ r':t, b':t tyf
l56f]5l/tf] t'Nofpg g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf gofF vl/b ul/Psf] GL System sfof{Gjog
ug]{ l;nl;nfdf ljleGg ljefu tyf sfof{noxdf User Training sf] sfo{ ;DkGg
68

eO{ @)&) j}zfv @ ut] b]lv ;~rfng ePsf] 5 . o; System sf] sfof{Gjogaf6
/fi6 a}+ssf ;Dk"0f{ sfof{no / ljefuxsf] sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL ;"rgfx tTsfn}
pknAw x'g] ePsf]n] a}+ssf] sfdsf/afxL, gLlt lgdf{0f tyf ltgsf] sfof{Gjog yk
k|efjsf/L agfpg 7'nf] of]ubfg k'Ug] ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 .
4.54 g]kfn ;/sf/, ljZj a}+s / a]nfot ;/sf/sf] cGt/f{li6o ljsf; ljefu
(Department for International Development) sf] C0f tyf cg'bfg ;xof]udf
@))# af6 z' ePsf] ljQLo If]q ;'wf/ sfo{qmdsf] cjlw @)!! df ;dfKt
ePkZrft\ klg ljQLo If]q ;'wf/sf] sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOPsf] 5 .
4.55 g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8sf] k'FhL of]hgfdf plNnlvt sfo{xdWo] xsk|b z]o/ jfkt
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tk{maf6 k|fKt ug{'kg{] /sd a}+sdf hDdf eO;s]sf] 5 eg]
sd{rf/LnfO{ cf]l6;L (OTC) dfs{]6af6 z]o/ x:tfGt/0f ug{], a}+ssf] oyfy{
n]vfk/LIf0f ug{] tyf g]kfn :6s PS;r]~h ln=af6 z]o/ sf/f]af/sf] nflu z]o/
;"rLs[t ug{] nufotsf sfo{x ;DkGg u/L ;j{;fwf/0f z]o/wgLsf] nflu xsk|b
z]o/ hf/L ug{] k|lqmof cl3 a9fOPsf] 5 .
4.56 /fli6o jfl0fHo a}+ssf] :jLs[t k'FhL of]hgfdf plNnlvt sfo{xdWo] g]kfn
;/sf/sf] tk{maf6 yk ug'{kg{] /sd ?= $ ca{ #@ s/f]8 %# nfv k|fKt ePsf] 5
eg] g]kfn ;/sf/n] ljQLo If]q kl/of]hgf cGtu{t a}+snfO{ pknAw u/fPsf] C0f
/sd ?= # ca{ $& nfvnfO{ a}+ssf] z]o/ k'FhLdf kl/0ft ul/;lsPsf] 5 .
4.57 laQLo If]q ;'wf/ sfo{qmdsf] kl/0ffd:jk /fli6o jfl0fHo a}+s / g]kfn a}+s
lnld6]8sf] C0ffTds k'FhLsf]ifdf klg pNn]Vo ;'wf/ cfPsf] 5 . k'FhL of]hgf
sfof{Gjogsf qmddf /x]sf oL a}+sxsf] r'Qmf k'FhLdf pNn]Vo j[l4 ePsf], b'j}
a}+ssf] lgIf]k pNn]Vokdf j[l4 ePsf], vf;u/L jfl0fHo a}+ssf] lgliqmo shf{sf]
dfqf qmdzM 36\b} uPsf] tyf a}+sx d'gfkmfdf ;~rfng eO/x]sf] sf/0f ;du|df
b'j} a}+ssf] ljQLo cj:yf ;Gtf]ifhgs /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 .
tflnsf $ -t_ M efvf gf3]sf] shf{ tyf k'h
Lsf]if
c;f/ d;fGt

s'n shf{df efvf gf3]sf] shf{

-k|ltzt_
g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 /fli6o jfl0fHo a}+s

@)^)
@)^!
@)^@
@)^#
@)^$
@)^%
@)^^

^)=$&
%#=&$
$(=^$
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$=($

^)=!%
%&=^$
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69

C0ffTds k'FhLsf]if -?= ca{df_

g]kfn a}+s
lnld6]8
(=*)
*=()
&=!^
^=#
^=@%
%=&@
$=**

/fli6o jfl0fHo
a}+s
@@=#(
@!=))
@)=))
!*=%(
!&=@!
!%=%
!#=$*

c;f/ d;fGt

s'n shf{df efvf gf3]sf] shf{

-k|ltzt_
g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 /fli6o jfl0fHo a}+s

@)^&
@)^*
@)^(
@)^( k'; d;fGt

$=(*
%=@*
%=*#
&=)^

(=*!
!)=(@
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^=%#

C0ffTds k'FhLsf]if -?= ca{df_

g]kfn a}+s
lnld6]8
$=&$
$=&(
#=)!
#=@#

/fli6o jfl0fHo
a}+s
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;|f]tM g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx;DaGwL cGo Joj:yfx

g]kfn ;/sf/f/f /fxbfgL hkmt nufotsf sf/afxLdf k/]sf #%% hgf
C0fLxdWo] @)^( c;f/ d;fGt;Dddf %% hgf C0fLxpk/ ul/Psf] sf/afxL
km's'jf eO;s]sf] 5 . ;dLIff cjlwdf sf/afxLdf k/]sf Pshgf C0fLaf6 ?= !
s/f]8 !@ nfv /sd c;'n eO{ sf/afxL kms'jf ul/Psf] 5 . v/fa -lgotj;_ C0fL
sf/afxL cg'udg ;ldltn] @)^( c;f/ d;fGt;Dddf v/falgotj; C0f gltg]{
C0fLxaf6 a}+sxsf] sl/a ?= *# s/f]8 %( nfv C0f c;'nL ug{ g}lts
bjfj;xhstf{sf] sfo{ u/]sf] 5 .
4.59 g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf 8]k'6L ueg{/sf] ;+of]hsTjdf ul7t u'gf;f] Joj:yfkg ;ldltdf
;dLIff cjlwdf hDdf ^^ j6f u'gf;f] tyf ph'/Lx k/]sf]df @& j6f pk/ ;'g'jfO
e};s]sf] 5 eg] !! j6f ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;Fu
cfjZos kqfrf/ eO/x]sf] 5 . ;ldltdf ljz]if u/L shf{sf] ;dofjlw yk ug{],
Aofh xhf{gf ldgfxf ug]{, k|lqmof gk'ofO{ lwtf]df /flvPsf] ;DklQ lnnfdL
ul/Psf]n] lnnfdL /f]Sg], t];|f] kIfn] shf{ ckrng u/L lwtf] km's'jf gu/]sf]n] ;f]
km's'jf ug{] nufotsf ljifodf cfj]bg kg{] u/]sf] 5 . o; ;ldltaf6 a}+s /
C0fLaLrdf pTkGg ePsf ;d:ofnfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ ;3fp k'Ug'sf] ;fy} a}+ls Pjd\
ljQLo If]qdf b]lvPsf] C0f c;'nL / k'g;{+/rgf ;DaGwL ;d:ofnfO{ Go"gLs/0f
ug{df ;d]t ;3fp k'Ug uPsf] 5 .
4.60 cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] df}lb|s gLltdf pNn]v ePadf]lhd g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6
ljQLo kxF'r sd ePsf ( lhNnfxdf 3 ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfxn] zfvf vf]n]df
k|ltzfvf z"Go Aofhb/df ?= !% nfvsf b/n] /sd pknAw u/fOg] Joj:yf /x]sf]
5.
4.61 a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf Ps cfk;df ufEg] jf ufleg] ;DaGwL ljlgodfjnL, @)^*
hf/L ePkl5 a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffx aLr ufEg]ufleg] sfo{df pNn]Vo k|ult
ePsf] 5 . ;f] cg';f/ xfn;Dd @^ j6f ;+:yf Pscfk;df ufleP/ ;+o'Qm sf/f]af/
z' ul/;s]sf 5g\ eg] @* j6f ;+:yfxn] ufleP/ !# j6f ;+:yf aGgsf nflu
clGtd :jLs[lt k|fKt ul/;s]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L @$ j6f ;+:yf ufleP/ !) j6f
4.58

70

;+:yf aGg ;}4flGts ;xdlt k|fKt ul/;s]sf 5g\ .

4.62

jrt tyf C0f ;DaGwL sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx afx]s cGo ;DalGwt
ljifout ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] ;d"x ;b:o dfkm{t\ ;fd"lxs v]tL tyf kz'k+IfLkfng ug]{
k|of]hgsf] nflu k|lt;b:o ?= () xhf/ ggfg] u/L ;d"x ;b:o ;+Vofsf] cfwf/df
shf{ ;Ldf sfod x'g] u/L k|jfx ePsf] clwstd ?= Ps s/f]8;Ddsf] shf{nfO{
ljkGg ju{ shf{df u0fgf ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf ldnfOPsf] 5 .

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxn] 5'f5'} jf Psd'i6 u/L ?= ! s/f]8 jf ;f] eGbf a9L
/sdsf] shf{ s'g} JolQmnfO{ k|jfx ug'{ k/]df To:tf] JolQmn] clgjfo{ kdf :yfoL
n]vf gDa/ -PAN_ lnPsf] x'g'kg]{] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
4.64 3 ju{sf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ;+:yfn] ljkGg tyf Go"g cfo ePsf JolQmnfO{ ;fd"lxs
hdfgLdf n3' pBd jf Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ k|lt;d"x ;b:o ! nfv k}ofF;Dd
tyf :jLsf/of]Uo lwtf] lnO{ k|lt;d"x ;b:o ?= # nfv k}ofF;Dd n3'shf{ pknAw
u/fpg ;lsg] / gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ k|ljlw cGtu{t Solar Home Systems /jf Biogas k|of]hgsf] nflu k|ltkl/jf/ a9Ldf ^) xhf/ k}ofF;Dd n3'shf{ pknAw u/fpg
;lsg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
4.65 s ju{sf a}+sxn] g]kfn /fi6 a}+sn] tf]s]sf] Go"gtd r'Qmf k'FhL k"/f ug'{sf ;fy}
cGo ;t{sf cwLgdf /xL /fi6 a}+ssf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ljb]zdf ;Dks{k|ltlglw
sfof{no vf]Ng ;Sg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
4.66 g]kfn ;/sf/af6 lgo'lQm kfPsf s'g} klg cf]xf]bfsf JolQm jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
:jfldTj ePsf ;+3 ;+:yf jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cg'bfg k|fKt ljBfno jf z}lIfs
;+:yf nufotsf ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgdf k"0f{sfnLg kdf sfo{/t /x]sf
JolQmsd{rf/Lx g]kfn ;/sf/ jf ;DalGwt ;+3;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 k|ltlglwTj
ug]{]b]lv afx]s cGo s'g} lsl;dn] ;~rfns ;ldltdf lgjf{lrt jf dgf]lgt x'g
gkfpg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
4.63

;d:of tyf r'gf}tL

4.67

xfn d'n's ;+qmd0fsfnLg cj:yfdf /x]tf klg k|efjsf/L df}lb|s tyf ljQLo
gLltsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 ;dli6ut cfly{s tyf ljQLo :yfloTj sfod ug{df ;xof]u
k'Ug] x'Fbf df}lb|s gLltn] lnPsf] nIo xfl;n ug{ laQ gLlt;Fu tfbfTDo x'g] u/L
df}lb|s pks/0fsf] k|of]u dfk{mt df}lb|s gLltsf] k|efjsfl/tf clej[l4 ug{ s]Gb|Lo
a+}sn] cjnDjg u/]sf] gLltnfO{ k"0f{kdf nfu' ub]{ a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf]
gLl/If0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f sfo{nfO{ r':t tyf b':t agfO{ ljQLo If]qsf] :yflyTj
sfod ug{' lgtfGt h/L 5 . vf;u/L ljQLo ;dfj]zLs/0f / ljQLo kx'Fr clej[l4
ug{ tyf dWoklZrdf~rn / ;'b'/klZrdf~rn ljsf;If]qxdf ljQLo kx'Fr
t'ngfTds kdf sd /x]sf] xfnsf] kl/k|]Iodf oL If]qxdf a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfxsf] pkl:ylt j[l4 ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .
71

4.68

4.69

4.70

jt{dfg ;dodf lghL If]qsf] shf{ lj:tf/df ;'wf/ ePsf] ePtfklg shf{ k|jfxsf]
t'ngfdf lgIf]ksf] j[l4b/ sd /x]sf]n] cfly{s jif{sf] z'df b]lvPsf] clws
t/ntfsf] l:ylt ca sfod g/x]sf] ;+s]t u/]sf] 5 . o;sf] ;fy} pTkfbgzLn
If]qdf shf{ j[l4 ug{sf] nflu yk cfjZos gLlt lgdf{0f x'g' kg]{ b]lvG5 .
;dLIff cjlwdf lghL If]qsf] shf{ lj:tf/df j[l4 ePsf] b]lvPtf klg cfly{s j[l4b/
cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf sd /x]sf] b]lvPsf]n] lghL If]qjf6 k|jfx x'g] shf{sf]
pTkfbsTj a9fpg] sfo{ r'gf}tLk"0f{ b]lvPsf] 5 . t;y{ a}+s tyf ljQLo If]qjf6
k|jfx x'g] shf{nfO{ s[lif, pBf]u nufotsf If]qdf k|of]u x'g] u/L cfjZos gLlt
lgdf{0f x'g' kg]{ b]lvG5 .
u|fdL0f If]qdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] pkl:ylt Go"g /x]sf] / ;~rfngdf /x]sf
a}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxdf u|fdL0f ls;fgxsf] kx'Fr cem} ckof{Kt ePsf]n]
pgLxn] cfjZostfcg'k ljQLo ;]jf tyf ;'lawf kfpg ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . t;y{,
ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] k|uf9tf sd ePsf To:tf If]qxdf u|fdL0f ls;fgxsf]
;lqmotf Pjd\ ;xeflutfdf ;~rflnt art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfxn] ljQLo
;]jf k'ofpg] qmd al9/x]sf] ;Gbe{df o:tf ;xsf/L ;+:yfxnfO{ yk ;zQm
agfpg / ljQLo cg'zf;g kfngf u/fpg oL ;+:yfxsf] lgodg tyf cg'udg
sfo{nfO{ ;'b[9 t'Nofpg h/L b]lvG5 .

72

%= k'FhL ahf/ tyf aLdf

%= k'hL ahf/ tyf aLdf

5.1

d'n'sleq ;fgf ;fgf OsfO{sf] kdf 5l/P/ /xg] cg'Tkfbs artnfO{ pTkflbt
If]qdf kl/rfng ug{] ;zQm dfWodsf] kdf k'FhLahf/ /x]sf] x'G5 . k'FhL ahf/n]
Psflt/ cy{tGqdf ljleGg If]qdf sfd ug]{ JolQmx, artstf{, art
kl/rfngstf{ / nufgLstf{sf] ;;fgf art tyf nufgLnfO{ Pslqt u5{ eg]
csf{]lt/ o;n] b|'tt/ cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ k'FhLsf] pknAwtf
a9fpg ;xof]u ub{5 . lwtf]kqsf] k|fylds / ltLo ahf/af6 cfly{s ljsf;sf
ljleGg If]qsf] pTkfbsTj j[l4sf nflu k'FhL k|fKt x'G5 .

k|fylds ahf/
5.2

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf lwtf]kqsf] k|fylds ahf/dfkm{t\ !)
;l7t ;+:yfn] ;fwf/0f ;]o/, @ ;+:yfn] xsk|b ;]o/, @ ;+:yfn] l8j]Gr/ tyf !
;l7t ;+:yfn] ;fd'lxs nufgL of]hgf u/L hDdf ?= $ ca{ !* s/f]8 $$ nfv
^) xhf/ j/fj/sf] k'FhL kl/rfng u/]sf 5g\ . ;dLIff cjlwsf] lwtf]kqsf]
lgisfzg /sd ut cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xLcjlwsf] t'ngfdf $&&=& k|ltztn] a9]sf]
5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf # ;l7t ;+:yfn] ;fwf/0f
;]o/sf] k|fylds lgisfzg tyf # ;l7t ;+:yfn] xsk|b ;]o/ / ! ;+:yfn] l8j]Gr/
lgisfzg u/L hDdf ?= &@ s/f]8 $# nfv d"No j/fj/sf] lwtf]kq lgisfzg u/L
k'FhL kl/rfng u/]sf lyP .
tflnsf % -s_ M k|fylds ahf/ k|j[lt
-/sd ?= s/f]8df_

ljj/0f

cfly{s jif{
@)^$^%

k'FhL kl/rfng
;fwf/0f ;]o/
xsk|b ;]o/
cu|flwsf/
;]o/
l8j]Gr/
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Psf+s of]hgf
Do"rn km08
k'FhL kl/rfng
stf{ ;+ul7t
;+:yfxsf]
;+Vof

@)^%^^

@)^^^&

@)^&^*

@)^*^(

((^=*@
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;|f]tM g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{

73

k|yd cf7 dlxgf

@)^*^( @)^(&)

/sd = s/f]8df

rf6{ % -s_ lwtf]kqsf] lgisfzg

1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0

1682.85

996.82

1082.24
685.4

141.66 81.37

109.04 167.23

244.33 229.55

418.44
295.01

cfly{s jif{

bf];|f] ahf/
5.3

5.4

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] cGTodf g]kfn :6s PS;r]Gh lnld6]8df ;'lrs[t
sDkgLxsf] ;+Vof @ ;o !^ /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7
dlxgfsf] cjlwdf yk !% j6f sDkgLx ;"rLs/0f ePsf] tyf b'O{ sDkgLx dh{
eO{ s'n ;"rLs[t sDkgLxsf] ;+Vof @ ;o @( k'u]sf] 5 . o;}u/L cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf Ps ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] ?= $) s/f]8 j/fj/sf]
C0fkq ;"rLs[t eO{ s'n skf]{/]6 C0fkqsf] ;+Vof !( k'u]sf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{df
s'n ljsf; C0fkqsf] ;+Vof @) /x]sf]df o; cfly{s jif{df xfn;Dd yk ljsf;
C0fkqxsf] ;"rLs/0f ePsf] 5}g . ;fy} cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7
dlxgfsf] cGTodf ahf/ k'FhLs/0f cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf
*)=% k|ltztn] jl4 eO{{ ?= % va{ @( ca{ &@ s/f]8 sfod ePsf] 5 h'g cl3Nnf]
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] cGTodf ?= @ va{ (# ca{ %^ s/f]8
/x]sf] lyof] . cfly{s aif{ @)^*^( sf] cGTodf ?= # va{ ^* ca{ @^ s/f]8 k'u]sf]
ahf/ k'FhLs/0f lg/Gt/ kdf a9\b} xfnsf] ljGb'df cfPsf] xf] .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ePsf] lwtf]kq sf/f]jf/ /sddf
cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] ;f]xLcjlwsf] t'ngfdf !^*=@ k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{
?= !$ ca{ !% s/f]8 $% nfv d"Nosf] $ s/f]8 *# nfv %& xhf/ lsQf ;]o/
sf/f]af/ ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ?= % ca{ @&
s/f]8 ^& nfv d"Nosf] @ s/f]8 $# nfv @ xhf/ lsQf lwtf]kq sf/f]jf/ ePsf]
74

52972.09

36826.21

32348.43

37687.13

51293.9

18630.13

9681.37

6136.59

4142.48

3524.04

60000
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0

3470.38

/sd = s/f]8df

rf6{ % -v_ ahf/ k'FhLs/0f

36624.75

lyof] . o;/L ;dLIff cjlwsf] sf/f]af/ /sdnfO{{ x]bf{ cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) k'FhL
ahf/sf] nflu pT;fxjw{s x'g] b]lvG5 .

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cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ;"rLs[t lwtf]kqsf] r'Qmf d"No
cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xLcjlwsf] t'ngfdf (=* k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{ ?= !!( ca{ (
s/f]8 &) nfv k'u]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ;"rLs[t
lwtf]kqsf] r'Qmf d"No ?= !)* ca{ $& s/f]8 ! nfv /x]sf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{
@)^$^% ;Dd lg/Gt/ a9]sf] ;"rLs[t lwtf]kqsf] r'Qmf d"No / lwtf]kq sf/f]af/
/sd cfly{s jif{ @)^%^^ b]lv r'Qmf d"Nodf lu/fj6 cfPsf] 5 . kl5Nnf] ;do
yk gofF ;+:yfx ;"rLs[t gePsfn] ;"rLs[t;+:yfxsf] sf/f]af/ ;+Vofdf sld
cfPsf] sf/0f r'Qmf d"Nodf a[l4 x'g g;s]sf] xf] .

7935.6

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2946.5

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1677.19

1340.49

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14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
1415.45
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836.01
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;f]xLcjlwsf] t'ngfdf sf/f]jf/ ;+Vofdf #=$ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ s'n @ nfv ! xhf/
* ;o () j6f sf/f]jf/ ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]
cjlwdf s'n ! nfv (% xhf/ @ ;o &# j6f sf/f]jf/ ePsf] lyof] .
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5.7

;du| bf];|f] ahf/sf] cj:yf hgfpg] g]K;] kl/;"rs cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf]
kmfu'g d;fGtdf %$%=&@ ljGb' sfod ePsf] 5 h'g cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL ;dosf]
eGbf &#=* k|ltztn] a9L] xf] . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]
cGTodf g]K;] kl/;"rs #!#=(@ ljGb' /x]sf] lyof] . o;/L x]bf{ g]K;] kl/;"rssf]
ultn] ;du| cy{tGq ;sf/fTds af6f]df /x]sf] b]vfFp5 .

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683.95

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600
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749.1
545.72
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cfgf] nufgLdf /xg] hf]lvd k|lt ;hu Pj+ ;r]t u/fO{ nufgLstf{sf] jfx'Notf
a9fpg tyf sf7df08f} pkTosfdf dfq ;Lldt /x]sf] g]kfnsf] lwtf]kq ahf/df
;j{;fwf/0f nufgLstf{ Pj+ ;j} tx tKsfsf JolQmxsf] :jfldTj a9fpg, b]zsf
;j} If]qsf pBf]u Joj;foLxsf] ;+nUgtf a9fpg, b]zsf] cf}Bf]lusLs/0f,
Jofkf/Ls/0f Pj+ dxTjk"0f{ ljsf; k"jf{wf/xsf] ljsf; lj:tf/df ;j{;fwf/0f
nufgLstf{sf] ;xefuLtf a9fO{ ;xefuLtf d"ns ljsf;nfO{ k|a4{g ug{, ljleGg
lwtf]kqx z]o/, l8a]~r/, ljsf; C0fkq, ;fd"lxs nufgL of]hgf Pj++ cGo
ljsl;t ljQLo cf}hf/xsf] k|of]u Pj+ k|rng a9fpg tyf o:tf cf}hf/xsf] ;xL
d"No lgwf{/0f u/fpg / b]zsf] ;du| ljsf;df 6]jf k'ofpg g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{n]
lwtf]kqsf ;/f]sf/jfnf kIfx;FUf ;xsfo{ ub}{ lwtf]kq ahf/sf cfwf/e't
kIfxsf ;DaGwdf hfgsf/L u/fpg] p2]Zo ;lxt lhNnf, lhNnfdf ;j{;fwf/0f
nufgLstf{sf] nflu hfgsf/Ld"nsr]tgfd'ns sfo{qmd, nufgL lzIff k|lzIf0f
sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]sf]] 5 .
5.9 k'FhL ahf/sf] ;'wf/, k|efjsf/L lgodg Joj:yf, k'FhL ahf/sf] l:y/tf tyf bLuf]
ljsf;sf nflu kfFr jifL{o kF'hL ahf/ u'of]hgf (Five Year Capital Market Master
Plan) df pNn]lvt sfo{xnfO{ af]8{sf] jflif{s sfo{qmddf ;dfj]z u/L sfof{Gjogdf
lg/Gt/tf lbOPsf] 5 .
5.10 k'FhL ahf/df cfO{ kg{;Sg] ;Defljt hf]lvdnfO{ Go"g ug{ tyf g]kfnsf] k'FhL
ahf/sf] lb3{sflng ljsf;sf] nflu g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{n] lwtf]kq ;DaGwL Joj;fo
5.8

77

ug{ cg'dltkq k|fKt sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] ;DklQ z'4Ls/0fsf] ;DaGwdf ckgfpg' kg]{
;hutf ;DaGwdf lgb]{lzsf hf/L u/]sf] 5 .
5.11

q]ml86 /]l6 lgodfjnL, @)^* sf] Joj:yf adf]lhd Oqmf g]kfn ln= nfO{ q]ml86
/]l6 ;]jf ;~rfngsf nflu ldlt @)^( cflZjg !^ df cg'dltkq k|bfg ul/Psf]
5 . pQm ;+:yf ;~rfngdf cfO;s]sfn] g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{n] ldlt @)^( kmfu'g
!! kl5 af]8{df ;fj{hlgs lgisfzgsf] cg'dltsf nflu cfj]bg ug]{ ;+:yfxn]
qm]l86 /]l6 u/]/ dfq ;fj{hflgs lgisfzgsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .

;+ul7t ;+:yfx Ps csf{df ufEg] ufleg] -dh{/ tyf PlSjhLzg_ qmd a9b}
uPsf]df z]o/wgLxsf] xslxt ;+/If0fsf nflu ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf;lxtsf] lgb]{lzsf
tof/Lsf] qmddf 5 .
5.13 af]8{sf j]a kf]6{nxnfO{ cBfjlws ug{, af]8{sf] cfGtl/s tyf afXo ;"rgf
k|0ffnLnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{, af]8{sf] cfGtl/s ultljlwxsf] ofGqLsLs/0f ug{ tyf
kF'hL ahf/ If]qdf ljB'tLo ljj/0f k|jfx k|0ffnL -On-line reporting system_ sf]
Joj:yfnfO{ yk ;'b[9 ug{ af]8{sf j]a kf]6{nx lgoldt kdf cBfjlBs ug{'sf
;fy} af]8{sf] j]a;fO6nfO{ ;'wf/ u/L k|of]ustf{ d}qL agfOPsf] 5 .
5.14 ;fd"lxs nufgL sf]if :yfkgf tyf Joj:yfkg ug{ ahf/df rf/j6f sf]ifx l;4fy{
Do'r'cn km08, gljn Do'r'cn km08, nIdL Do'r'cn km08 / PgPdaL Do'r'cn
km08 btf{ ul/Psf] 5 . @)^( ;fn kmfu'g d;fGt;Dd l;4fy{ Do'r'cn km08n] ?=
!) sf b/n] ?= %) s/f]8 a/fa/sf cfgf] o"lg6 ahf/df NofO{ ;s]sf] 5 .
5.15 nufgLstf{xsf] lxtnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL z]o/ vl/b shf{sf] nflu a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfdfkm{t pknAw u/fO{ o; shf{nfO{ ;'Jojl:yt agfpg lwtf]kq bnfn
sDkgLdfkm{t ;xhLs/0f ug]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
5.16 sdf]l86Lh 8]l/e]l6e ahf/ lgodg ;DaGwdf lj1xaf6 cg';Gwfg eO{{ k|ltj]bg
tof/ ul/Psf] 5 eg] o;sf] lgodgsf] nflu lgodfjnLsf] d:of}bf tof/ ePsf]] 5 .
5.12

g]kfn :6s PS;r]Gh ln=

5.17 g]K;]sf]

xfn k|of]udf /x]sf] Trading Software lj:yflkt u/L Online Trading

;'ljwf ;d]t /x]sf] cTofw'lgs Software h8fg ug{ b'OkIfLo ;xof]usf nflu
ef/tLo ;/sf/ ;dIf k|:tfj k]z ePsf] 5 . ;fy} gofF Online Trading ;'ljwf
;lxtsf] Software h8fg u/L lwtf]kqsf] sf/f]jf/ b]zsf ljleGg zx/xdf yk
lj:tf/ ug]{ qmddf sf/f]jf/ k|0ffnL h8fg kZrft cljnDa ljleGg zx/xjf6
sf/f]jf/ ;' ug{ ;lsg] cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 .
5.18 ut cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= !) ca{ a/fa/sf] sf/f]af/ ePsf]df o; cfly{s
jif{df Ohfht k|fKt ;b:ox dfkm{t ul/g] ;"lrs[t lwtf]kqsf] sf/f]jf/ ?= @) ca{
k'ofpg] nIo /flvPsf]df ;dLIff cjlw;Dddf ?= !$ ca{ !% s/f]8 sf/f]jf/ ePsf]
78

5 . nufgLstf{xnfO{ nufgLsf] yk cj;/ pknJw u/fpg sf/f]jf/ of]Uo

sDkgLxsf] ;"rLs/0f ug]{ qmddf cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfNu'g d;fGt
;Dddf yk !% gofF sDkgLxsf] ;"rLs/0f ePsf] 5 eg] Over The Counter
(OTC) Market tyf Right Renounce sf] ahf/ Jojl:yt kdf ;~rfngsf
nflu cfjZos Joj:yf ug{ cfjZos cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg eO{/x]sf] 5 .
5.19 cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] ;dLIff calw;Dd s'n lwtf]kq Joj;foLxsf] ;+Vof %)
k'u]sf] 5 . ;dLIff cjlwdf ahf/df !$ j6f dr]{G6 a}+s/x sfod /x]sf 5g\ .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] cGTodf ;+:yfut lwtf]kq
sf/f]af/sf nflu $* j6f lwtf]kq bnfn tyf !@ j6f dr]{G6 a}+s/x sfod lyP .
5.20 ahf/df l;4fy{ nufgL j[l4 of]hgf! gfds ;fd"lxs nufgL of]hgfsf ?= !) sf
b/n] ?= %) s/f]8 a/fa/sf] o'lg6xsf] vl/bljqmL sfo{ eO/x]sf] 5 eg] gljn
Do'r'cn km08, nIdL Do'r'cn km08 / PgPdaL Do'r'cn km08 btf{ ul/Psf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf l;4fy{ nufgL j[l4 of]hgf cGt{ut
l;4fy{ Do'r'cn km08sf] nufgL ?=%) s/f]8 /x]sf]] 5 / pQm of]hgfsf] cjlw % jif{
x'g]5 .
5.21 d'n'ssf] kF'hL ahf/sf] ;+ul7t ljsf;sf] nflu lwtf]kq sf/f]af/nfO{ yk Jojl:yt
ug{, lwtf]kqxnfO{ ljB'tLo kdf clen]v /flv lwtf]kqsf] sf/f]jf/ Pj+ /fkm;fkm
tyf km5\of}{6 sfo{nfO{ cfw'lgs agfpg s]lGo lgIf]k ;]jfsf] :yfkgf ePsf] 5 .
g]kfn :6s PS;r]Ghsf] Fully owned subsidiary sf] kdf :yflkt pQm
sDkgLn]] z]o/, l8j]~r/, C0fkq, :6s tyf cGo lwtf]kq sf/f]af/ ljB'tLo kdf
clen]v /flv k|df0fkq /lxt sf/f]af/ k|0ffnL ;~rfng ug]{, ;xh ug]{ Pj+ lwtf]kq
pks/0fxsf] gfd;f/L jf vftfdf cBfjlws clen]v /fVg] sfo{ ub{5 . sDkgLn]
k"jf{wf/sf] kdf ;]G6n l8kf]lh6/L Psfp06L ;6j]o/ (CDAS) lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 .
;fy} lgIf]k ;b:otf k|bfg u/L g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{df btf{ ePsf sDkgLxsf]
lwtf]kq cef}ltsLs/0f u/L s]GLo lgIf]k k|0ffnLsf] ;'jft ul/Psf]] 5 .
5.22 gful/s nufgL sf]ifn] z' cj:yf b]lv g} kF'hL ahf/ ;DaGwL ;]jf pknAw u/fpFb}
cfPsf] 5 . xfn;Dd sf]ifn] ;fwf/0f z]o/ / xsk|b z]o/ u/L !( ca{ eGbf a9Lsf]
z]o/ lgZsf;g tyf ljqmL k|jGw ;]jf k|bfg ul/;s]sf] 5 . xfn z]o/ ahf/df
b]lvPsf] ptf/ r9fjsf sf/0f cl:y/ l:ylt /x]sf]n] z]o/ ahf/df ;'wf/ Nofpg
bf];|f] ahf/sf] z]o/ sf/f]af/df ;xeflutf hgfO{ k|efjsf/L ahf/ lgdf{tf sf]
e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ cfjZos tof/L eO/x]sf] 5 . ;fy} ;xefuLsf] lxtnfO{ dWogh/
u/L cfjfz shf{sf] bfo/f lj:tf/ ub}{ n}hfg] tof/L ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf] cltl/Qm
cGo lsl;dsf shf{ ;'ljwfsf] Joj:yf ug]{tkm{ cfjZos gLltut Joj:yf eO{/x]sf]
5 . ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{qmd cGtu{t oxL @)^* df3 $ ut] af6 sd{rf/L art
j[l4 :jLs[t cjsfz sf]ifdf cfa4 ;xefuLsf] nflu ?=! nfv a/fa/sf] b'3{6gf
79

aLdfsf] Joj:yf u/L lglZrt aLdf /sdsf] ;'lglZrttf k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . o;

cGtu{t xfn;Dd !& ;xefuLsf k/Ljf/x nfeflGjt eO;s]sf 5g\ .

aLdf
5.23

aLdf P]g, @)$( cGtu{t @)@^ ;fn h]7 ! ut] :yflkt aLdf ;ldltn] aLDff
Joj;fonfO{ Jojl:yt, lgoldt, lasl;t tyf lgolGqt ub}{ lgodgsf/L lgsfosf]
kdf sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o; lgsfo cGtu{t * sDkgLxn] hLjg aLdf
Joj;fo sf/f]af/ ug]{, !^ sDkgLxn] lghL{jg aLdf Joj;fo sf/f]af/ ug]{ / !
aLdf sDkgLn] b'j} k|sf/sf] sf/f]af/ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . aLdf sDkgLsf] xfn ;+Vof @%
/x]sf] 5 . :jfldTj ;+/rgfsf] lx;fjn] # aLDff sDkgL lab]zL aLdf sDkgLxsf]
zfvfsf] kdf, # aLDff sDkgL lab]zL aLDff sDkgLsf] ;+o'Qm kF"hL nufgLdf, !*
aLdf sDkgL lghL :jfldTjdf / ! aLdf sDkgL ;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x]sf] 5 .

5.24 aLdfsf]

ljZjJofkL dfGotfnfO{ :jLsf/ u/L k|fs[lts tyf ;fdflhs hf]lvd lj4

;dfhsf ;a} au{nfO{ hf]lvdsf] cfly{s ;'/Iff k|bfg ug{ /fli6o cfjZostfdf
cg's'n aLdf Joj;fosf] ljsf; / ;'/lIft jgfpg] nIo xf] . k|fs[lts ljkb / b}jL
k|sf]k jf6 pTkGg hf]lvd lj4 cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ;'/If0f k|bfg ug]{ aLdf nfO{
hghLjgsf] dxTjk"0f{ kf6f]sf] kdf lnO{ gLltut / ;+:yfut ;+/rgfdf kl/jt{g
ug{ cfaZos 5 . aLdf Joj;fosf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/sf] ;fy}, u|fld0f hLjg /
cy{tGqdf aLdf lj:tf/ ub{} s'n u|fx:y pTkfbgdf aLdf If]qsf] of]ubfg df}h'bf Ps
k|ltzt jf6 a[l4 u/L b'O{ bzdnj kfFr k|ltzt k'ofpg] nIosf ;fy sfo{s|d
;~rfng ulPsf] 5 .
5.25 b]zdf sfo{/t hLjg tyf lghL{jg aLdf sDkgLxsf] s'n lalQo ;|f]t tyf pkof]u
@)^( kmfu'g d;fGt;Dddf ?=*! ca{ !% s/f]8 % nfv k'u]sf] b]lvG5 . h'g
cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf (=(@ k|ltztn] a[[l4 ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( sf] cGTodf ;f] /sd ?= &# ca{ *@ s/f]8 $( nfv k'u]sf] b]lvG5 .
5.26 g]kfnsf] aLdf Joj;fo af6 cfly{s jif{ @)^$^% df hLjg tyf lghL{jg aLdfdf
u/L s'n aLdf z'Ns ?= ( ca{ #$ s/f]8 !* nfv cfh{g ePsf] b]lvG5 . To;
eGbf kl5Nnf aif{xdf qmdzM aLdf z'Nsdf a[l4eO{ cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df s'n
aLdf z'Ns ?= !^ ca{ !$ s/f]8 # nfv cfh{g ePsf]] b]lvG5 . cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( sf] cGTo ;Dddf hLjg tyf lghL{jg u/L s'n aLdf z'Ns ?=!( ca{
$# s/f]8 $) nfv cfh{g ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;} u/L cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) kmfu'g
d;fGt ;Dddf hLjg tyf lghL{jg u/L s'n aLdf z"Ns ?= !@ ca{ &$ s/f]8 @*
nfv cfh{g ePsf] b]lvG5 eg] o; cfly{s jif{ sf] cGTo ;Dddf s'n aLdf z"Ns ?=
@) ca{sf] xf/fxf/Ldf k'Ug] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

80

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-?= s/f]8df_

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cfly{s aif{

cfly{s aif{

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206768

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lghL{jg

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237.35

166.67

253.81

180.47

279.08

180.47

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2,612.71

284.13

3,110.76

367.38

3,453.76

405.42

u_ cGo bfloTj

2,002.02

880.88

2,495.35

974.72

2,749.45

1,046.88

s'n ;|f]t

4,852.09

1,331.68

5,859.93

1,522.57

6,482.29

1,632.76

119.59

87.33

170.48

100.16

177.01

144.76

4,362.73

828.10

5,151.64

934.98

5,710.99

988.51

u_ :yL/ ;DklQ

105.68

98.02

137.53

107.84

144.34

111.24

#_ cGo ;DklQ

264.08

318.22

400.27

379.60

449.94

388.25

4,852.09

1,331.68

5,859.92

1,522.57

6,482.29

1,632.76

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*/fli6o aLdf ;+:yfgsf] hLjg aLdf tkm{ cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) / lghL{jg aLdf tkm{ cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( /
@)^(&) sf] cg'dflgt ljj/0f ;dfj]z ul/Psf] . **cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g d;fGt ;Ddsf] dfq
ljj/0f ;dfj]z ul/Psf] .
;|f]t M aLdf ;ldlt
5.27 aLdsxn]

u/]sf] nufgLdf cfly{s jif{ @)^$^% ;Dd hLjg tyf lghL{jg

aLdfdf u/L s'n nufgL ?=@$ ca{ %# s/f]8 #) nfv ePsf] b]lvG5 . To; eGbf
kl5Nnf aif{xdf qmdzM nufgLdf j[l4eO{ cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df s'n nufgL
?=$% ca{ !) s/f]8 @$ nfv k'u]sf] b]lvG5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( cGTo ;Dddf
;j} aLdf sDkgLaf6 s'n nufgL ?= %@ ca{ @^ s/f]8 #! Nffv k'u]sf] b]lvG5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^()&) sf] kmfu'g d;fGt ;Dddf s'n nufgL ?= %% c/j *(
s/f]8 ^( nfv k'u]sf] b]lvG5 eg] o; cfly{s jif{sf] cGTo ;Dddf sl/j %& ca{
sf] xf/fxf/Ldf k'Ug] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

81

tflnsf % -3_ M hLjg tyf lghL{jg aLdf sDkgLxsf] aLdfz'Ns tyf nufgL ljj/0f
?=s/f]8df
s'n aLdf z"Ns -?= s/f]8df_

A[lbb/

A[lbb/
-k|ltzt_

nufgL -?= s/f]8df_

-k|ltzt_

cfly{s aif{

hLjg

lghL{jg

hDdf

hLjg

lghL{jg

hDdf

206465

548.99

385.19

934.18

2034.99

418.31

2453.3

206566

663.57

442.04

1105.61

18.35 2651.62

500.79

3152.41

28.50

206667

876.6

649.67

1526.27

38.05 2993.99

592.76

3586.75

13.78

206768

909.48

704.55

1614.03

5.75 3678.36

831.88

4510.24

25.75

206869

1159.89 783.51

1943.4

20.41 4283.33

942.99

5226.32

15.88

206970*

700.54

1274.28

-34.43 4593.38

996.31

5589.69

6.95

573.74

;|f]t M aLdf ;ldlt, *cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g d;fGt ;Ddsf] dfq ljj/0f ;dfj]z ul/Psf]n] ljj/0f tyf
a[l4b/df sld ePsf] b]lvG5 .

82

^=

afx\o If]q

^= afx\o If]q
:jk tyf k|j[lQ
6.1

6.2

6.3

afXo If]q Joj:yfkgsf nflu vf;u/L lgof{t Jofkf/df j[l4 u/L cfoft k|lt:yfkg
ub}{ hfg' kg]{ / o;sf] dfWodaf6 e'Qmfg ;Gt'ng sfod ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 .
ljZjJofkLs/0f / cfly{s pbf/Ls/0f ;Fu;Fu} afXo If]q Joj:yfkg ;dli6ut
cfly{s gLltsf] dxTjk"0f{ lx:;f aGb} uPsf] xfnsf] l:yltdf g]kfnsf] lgof{t
Jofkf/sf] bfFhf]df cfoft pRr /xg' / e'Qmfg ;Gt'ngsf] d'Vo cfwf/ ljk|]if0f
cfk|jfx x'g'n] afXo If]q Aoj:yfkg r'gf}tLk"0f{ x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] s'n
Jofkf/sf] b'O{ ltxfO{ hlt Jofkf/ ef/t;Fu /x]sf] tyf cGt/f{li6o hutdf ljsl;t
e}/x]sf 36gfqmdxsf] k|ToIf k|efj ljk|]if0f cfk|jfxdf kg]{ ePsf]n] bL3{sfnLg
kdf e'Qmfg ;Gt'ngnfO{ ;xh cj:yfdf /fVg j}slNks pkfoxsf] vf]hL ug{'kg]{
x'G5 .
pTkfbg nfut nufotsf sf/0fn] g]kfnn] j:t'sf] pTkfbg, k|j4{g tyf lgof{t
sfo{df vf;} k|ult ug{ g;s]sf sf/0f j:t' Jofkf/df 3f6f Joxf]b}{ cfPsf] eP
tfklg pNn]Vo kdf k|fKt e}/x]sf] ljk|]if0f cfosf sf/0f ljut Ps bzsdf rfn'
vftf cf};tdf artdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
rfn' vftf artdf /x]tfklg ljut sl/a Ps bzs otfsf] j:t' Jofkf/sf] k|j[lQ
x]bf{ Jofkf/ 3f6fdf j[l4 x'Fb} uPsf] b]lvG5 . vf;u/L lgof{tsf] t'ngfdf cfoftsf]
j[l4b/ pRr /x]sf sf/0f o:tf] b]lvPsf] xf] . o;}sf] kl/0ffd :jk cfly{s jif{
@)%(^) df Jofkf/ 3f6f s'n ufx{:Yf pTkfbgsf] !% k|ltzt /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df sl/j @% k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)%(^) df s'n ufx{:Yf
pTkfbgsf] !) k|ltzt /x]sf] lgof{t Jofkf/ cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df $=*
k|ltztdf cf]n{g k'u]sf] 5 . o;}u/L, cfoft Jofkf/sf] s'n ufx{:Yf pTkfbg ;Fusf]
cg'kft cfly{s jif{ @)%(^) df @% k|ltzt /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df
@( k|ltzt k'lu;s]sf] 5 .

j}b]lzs Jofkf/
6.4

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] cf7 dlxgf;Dddf s'n j:t' lgof{t %=) k|ltztn] j[l4
eO{ ?= %! ca{ ! s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf o:tf] lgof{t !$=!
k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= $* ca{ %^ s/f]8 /x]sf] lyof] . dfl;s kdf x]bf{ rfn"
cfly{s jif{sf] kmfu'g dlxgfdf s'n j:t' lgof{t df3 dlxgfsf] t'ngfdf %=)
k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf]] 5 . j}b]lzs Jofkf/df lgof{tsf] c+z !@=$ k|ltzt /
cfoftsf] c+z *&=^ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .

83

rf6{ ^ -s_ M cGt/f{li6o Jokf/

60000.00

?= s/f]8df

40000.00
20000.00
0.00
-20000.00

@)^) @)^! @)^@ @)^# @)^$ @)^% @)^^ @)^& @)^* @)^(
c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/

-40000.00
-60000.00
lgof{t

cfoft

Aofkf/ ;Gt'ng

lgof{t
6.5

6.6

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf s'n j:t' lgof{tdWo] ef/ttk{msf]
lgof{t cl3Nnf] jif{sf] cf7 dlxgfsf] !$=% k|ltzt j[l4sf]] t'ngfdf @=) k|ltztn]
dfq a[l4 ePsf] 5 . To:t}, cGo d'n'stk{msf] lgof{t cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL
cjlw;Dddf !#=% k|ltztn] a9]sf] t'ngfdf ;dLIff cjlwdf !!=@ k|ltztn] j[l4
ePsf]] 5 . cd]l/sL 8n/df cGo d'n'stkm{sf] j:t' lgof{t cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL
cjlw;Dddf %=^ k|ltzt j[l4sf] ljk/Lt ;dLIff cjlwdf )=$ k|ltztn] x|f; eO{
cd]l/sL 8n/ @) s/f]8 #^ nfv k'u]sf] 5 .
ef/ttk{m d'VotofM hL= cfO{= kfOk, h'6sf] jf]/f, tf/, cb'jf / nQfsk8fsf] lgof{t
a9]sf]] 5 eg] cGo d'n'stk{m ljz]ifu/L bfn, 5fnf / tof/L 5fnfsf j:t'sf]
lgof{tdf j[l4 ePsf] 5 . s'n lgof{tdf ef/ttk{msf] c+z ^%=@ k|ltzt / cGo
d'n'stk{msf] c+z #$=* k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .

cfoft
6.7

6.8

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] cf7 dlxgfdf s'n j:t' cfoft @@=! k|ltztn] a9]/ ?=
#^) ca{ %^ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf o:tf] cfoft !^=^
k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= @(% ca{ @$ s/f]8 /x]sf] lyof] . ef/t tyf cGo d'n's b'j}
tkm{sf] cfoftsf] j[l4b/ pRr /x]sf] sf/0f s'n j:t' cfoftsf] j[l4b/ cl3Nnf]
jif{sf]] ;f]xL cjlw;Ddsf] t'ngfdf ;dLIff cjlwdf pRr /xg uPsf] xf] . dfl;s
kdf x]bf{ kmfu'g dlxgfdf s'n j:t' cfoft df3 dlxgfsf] t'ngfdf !=! k|ltztn]
36]sf] 5 .
s'n cfoftdWo] ef/taf6 ePsf] cfoft cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlw;Ddsf] !@=)
k|ltzt j[l4sf] t'ngfdf ;dLIff cjlwdf @$=@ k|ltztsf] pRr b/n] a9]sf] 5 .
To;}u/L, cGo d'n'saf6 ePsf] cfoft cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlw;Dddf @^=#
84

k|ltzt j[l4sf] t'ngfdf ;dLIff cjlwdf !*=@ k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . cd]l/sL

8n/df cGo d'n'stkm{sf] j:t' cfoft cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlw;Dddf !^=*
k|ltzt j[l4sf] t'ngfdf ;dLIff cjlwdf ^=% k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ cd]l/sL 8n/ !
cj{ $! s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . ef/taf6 d'VotofM k]6f]lnod kbfy{, ;jf/L ;fwg tyf
kf6k"hf{, l;d]G6, rfdn, cf}iflw / cGo pks/0f / kf6k"hf{ nufotsf] cfoft a9]sf]
5 eg] cGo d'n'saf6 ljz]ifu/L tof/L kf];fs, kfOk tyf kfOk lkml6, rfFbL,
b'/;~rf/sf pks/0f / Pd= P;= jfP/ /8 nufotsf]] cfoft a9]sf] 5 . s'n
cfoftdf ef/tsf] c+z ^%=( k|ltzt / cGo d'n'ssf] c+z #$=! k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
tflnsf ^ -s_ M cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/ l:ylt -k|yd cf7 dlxgf_
k|ltzt kl/jt{g

ljj/0f
@)^%^^ @)^^^& @)^&^* @)^*^( @)^(&)*
16.2
-8.5
5.9
14.1
5
lgof{t
ef/t
3.7
-3.3
10.1
14.5
2
cGo d'n'sx
42.9
-16.8
-1.7
13.5
11.2
cfoft
26.3
41.8
1.2
16.6
22.1
12.1
38
24.7
12
24.2
ef/t
50.9
46.8
-27.2
26.3
18.2
cGo d'n'sx
Jofkf/ ;Gt''ng
30.1
58.6
0.3
17.1
25.5
ef/t
15.6
53.3
28.2
11.5
28.8
cGo d'n'sx
53.4
65
-30.9
28.9
19.5
24.2
31.8
1.9
16.3
19.7
s'n Jofkf/
ef/t
10.2
29.3
22.4
12.4
21
cGo d'n'sx
49.4
35.2
-24.4
24.4
17.3
lgof{t cfoft cg'kft
24.9
16.1
16.8
16.4
14.1
ef/t
27
18.9
16.7
17
14
22.3
12.6
17.1
15.4
14.4
cGo d'n'sx
s'n lgof{tdf c+z -k|ltzt_
ef/t
60.9
64.4
66.9
67.1
65.2
cGo d'n'sx
39.1
35.6
33.1
32.9
34.8
s'n cfoftdf c+z -k|ltzt_
56.3
54.7
67.5
64.8
65.9
ef/t
cGo d'n'sx
43.7
45.3
32.5
35.2
34.1
Jofkf/ ;+t'ngdf c+z -k|ltzt_
85

*
ljj/0f
@)^%^^ @)^^^& @)^&^* @)^*^( @)^(&)
54.7
52.9
67.6
64.3
66
ef/t
cGo d'n'sx
45.3
47.1
32.4
35.7
34
s'n Jofkf/df c+z -k|ltzt_
ef/t
57.2
56.1
67.4
65.1
65.8
42.8
43.9
32.6
34.9
34.2
cGo d'n'sx
s'n Jofkf/df cfoft / lgof{tsf] c+z
lgof{t
20
13.8
14.4
14.1
12.4
cfoft
80
86.2
85.6
85.9
87.6

* ckl/is[t

.
;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

Jofkf/ ;Gt'ng
6.9

rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf s'n j:t' Jofkf/ 3f6f @%=% k|ltztn] j[l4
eO{ ?= #)( ca{ %% s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf o:tf] 3f6f
!&=! k|ltztn] dfq a9]sf]] lyof] . s'n j:t' Jofkf/ 3f6fdWo] ef/t;F+usf] 3f6f
;dLIff cjlwdf @*=* k|ltztn]] j[l4 ePsf]] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf
ef/t;+usf] o:tf] 3f6f !!=% k|ltztn] dfq a9]sf]] lyof] . To:t}, cl3Nnf] jif{sf]
;f]xL cjlw;Dddf @*=( k|ltztn] a9]sf] cGo d'n's;Fusf] Jofkf/ 3f6f ;dLIff
cjlwdf !(=% k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . cfoftsf] j[l4b/ pRr /x]sf] sf/0f lgof{t
cfoft cg'kft ;dLIff jif{sf] klxnf] cf7 dlxgfdf !$=! k|ltztdf em/]sf]] 5 .
cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf o:tf] cg'kft !^=$ k|ltzt /x]sf] lyof] .

zf]wgfGt/ l:ylt
6.10

6.11

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] cf7 dlxgf;Dddf ;du| zf]wgfGt/ l:ylt ?= !! cj{ &*
s/f]8n] jrtdf /x]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf o:tf] jrt ?= *! cj{ (
s/f]8 /x]sf] lyof] . ;dLIff cjlwdf rfn" vftf ?= ( ca{ %) s/f]8n] artdf /x]sf]
5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf of] vftf ?= #& cj{ %! s/f]8n] artdf /x]sf]
lyof] . j:t' tyf ;]jf cfoftdf ePsf] pNn]Vo j[l4 / ljk]|if0f cfk|jfxsf] j[l4b/
36]sf] sf/0f ;dLIff cjlwdf rfn" vftf art Go"g /xg uPsf] xf] . ;dLIff
cjlwdf cd]l/sL 8n/df rfn" vftf art !) s/f]8 &^ nfv 8n/ /x]sf] 5 .
cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf of] vftf $^ s/f]8 (* nfv 8n/n] jrtdf /x]sf]
lyof] .
Pkm=cf]=aL= d"Nodf cfwfl/t j:t' Jofkf/ 3f6f cl3Nnf] jif{ !^=( k|ltztn] a9]sf]
t'ngfdf ;dLIff cjlwdf @%=$ k|ltztsf] pRr b/n] a9L ?= @(& ca{ *& s/f]8
k'u]sf] 5 . ;dLIff cjlwdf v'b ;]jf cfo ?= @ ca{ @ s/f]8n] artdf /x]sf] 5 .
86

cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf v'b ;]jf cfo ?= !! cj{ & s/f]8n] jrtdf /x]sf]]
lyof] .
rf6{ ^ -v_ M lak|]if0f cfk|jfx
40,000

?=s/f]8df

30,000
20,000
10,000
(10,000)

@)^)
c;f/

@)^!
c;f/

@)^@
c;f/

rfn' vftf

@)^$
c;f/

lak|]if0f cfk|jfx

@)^%
c;f/

@)^^
c;f/

@)^&
c;f/

@)^*
c;f/

@)^(
c;f/

zf]wgfGt/ jrt

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

?= ca{df
jflif{s k|ltzt
kl/jt{g
s'n uf{x:y
pTkfbg;Fusf]
cg'kft

2064/65

v"b 6fG;km/ cfo cl3Nnf] jif{sf] @(=& k|ltzt j[l4sf] t'ngfdf ;dLIff cjlwdf
!^=* k|ltztn] a9L ?= @(( ca{ ($ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . 6fG;km/ cGtu{tsf] ljk|]if0f
cfk|jfx cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlw;Dddf #$=& k|ltzt j[l4sf] t'ngfdf ;dLIff
cjlwdf @@=@ k|ltztn]] j[l4 eO{ ?= @^^ ca{ ( s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . cd]l/sL 8n/df
ljk|]if0f cfo cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlw;Dddf @$=@ k|ltzt j[l4sf] t'ngfdf
;dLIff cjlwdf !)=% k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ # ca{ % s/f]8 8n/ k'u]sf] 5 .
dfl;skdf x]bf{, ljk|]if0f cfk|jfx rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] df3 dlxgfsf] t'ngfdf
kmfu'g dlxgfdf $(=( k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 .
tflnsf ^ -v_ M ljk|]if0f cfo
2063/64

6.12

@)^#
c;f/

100.14

142.68

209.70

231.73

253.55

359.55

266.09

2.5

42.5

47.0

10.5

9.4

41.8

13.8

17.5

21.2

19.4

18.5

23.1

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] tYof .

87

6.13

;dLIff cjlwdf k'FhL vftftk{m ?= % ca{ !^ s/f]8sf] dfq v'b k'FhLut 6fG;km/ k|fKt
ePsf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{sf] o;} cjlwdf k'FhL vftf art ?= !) ca{ @^ s/f]8
/x]sf] lyof] . ljQLo vftftk{m ;dLIff cjlwdf ?= $ ca{ *@ s/f]8sf] k|ToIf
j}b]lzs nufgL k|fKt ePsf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{sf] o;} cjlwdf ?= ^ ca{ @
s/f]8sf] k|ToIf j}b]lzs nufgL k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . cGo nufgL ;DklQ ut cfly{s
jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ?= ( ca{ !@ s/f]8 /x]sf]df ;dLIff cjlwdf sl/a ?=
!$ ca{ &$ s/f]8 yk ePsf] 5 . cGo nufgL bfloTjtk{m ;dLIff cjlwdf ?= &
ca{ * s/f]8 ;/sf/L C0f cfk|jfx ePsf] 5 eg] ?= * ca{ !& s/f]8 ;fFjf e'QmfgL
ePsf] 5 .

ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt

6.14

@)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf s'n ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt @)^( c;f/ d;fGtsf] ?=
$#( ca{ $^ s/f]8sf] t'ngfdf #=@ k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{ ?= $%# ca{ ^! s/f]8
k'u]sf]] 5 . @)^* kmfu'g d;fGtdf o:tf] ;l~rlt @)^* c;f/ d;fGtsf] t'ngfdf
#%=# k|ltztn] a9]/ ?= #^* ca{ !) s/f]8 /x]sf] lyof] .

6.15

rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf s'n ;l~rltdWo] g]kfn /fi6 a}+sdf /x]sf]
;l~rlt @)^( c;f/ d;fGtsf] ?= #&% ca{ %@ s/f]8sf] ljk/Lt )=* k|ltztn]
x|f; cfO{ ?= #&@ ca{ ## s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . cd]l/sL 8n/df eg] a}ls If]qsf] s'n
;l~rlt @)^( c;f/b]lv @)^( kmfu'g d;fGt;Dddf %=$ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{
cd]l/sL 8n/ % ca{ @# s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf o:tf]
;l~rlt @)=^ k|ltztn] a9]sf]] lyof] . To;}u/L, ;dLIff cjlwdf ckl/jTo{ ef/tLo
d'b|f ;l~rlt !=$ k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{{ ef=?= ^! ca{ @% s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf]
jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf o:tf] ;l~rlt ^$=^ k|ltztn] a9]sf] lyof] .
tflnsf ^ -u_ M s'n ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt
? s/f]8df
@)^^
c;f/

@)^^
kmfu'g

@)^&
c;f/

@)^&
kmfu'g

ljj/0f
g]kfn /fi6
a}+s

22419 18591 20537 19986

jfl0fHo a}+s

6007

s'n ;l~rlt

5837.3

6352

5762

28426 24429 26889 25748

k|ltzt kl/jt{g
-c;f/kmfu'g_

@)^*
c;f/

@)^*
kmfu'g

@)^(
c;f/

@)^(
kmfu'g

21310

30502

37552

37233

6393

8128

6.8

27.1

45361

35.3

3.2

5905.8 6308.5
27215

36810 43946

@)^* @)^(
43.1

-0.8

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

6.16

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] cf7 dlxgf;Ddsf] cfoftnfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf ljb]zL
ljlgdo ;l~rltsf] ljBdfg :t/ !)=@ dlxgfsf] j:t' cfoft / *=* dlxgfsf] j:t'
tyf ;]jf cfoft wfGg kof{Kt /x]sf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7
dlxgf;Ddsf] cfoftnfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf @)^* kmfu'g d;fGtsf] ljb]zL ljlgdo
;l~rlt !)=! dlxgfsf] j:t' cfoft / ( dlxgfsf] j:t' tyf ;]jf cfoft wfGg
88

kof{Kt /xg] :t/df lyof] . ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rltdf ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf j[l4
ePklg cfoft kl/df0fdf j[l4 ePsf] tyf j:t' cfoft dxf] ePsf] sf/0fn] ubf{
xfn sfod ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rltn] ut aif{ eGbf sd cjlwsf] nflu dfq cfoft
wfGg ;Sg] ePsf] xf] .

ljlgdo b/
6.17

@)^( c;f/ d;fGtsf] t'ngfdf @)^( kmfu'g d;fGtdf g]kfnL k}ofF cd]l/sL
8n/;Fu @=! k|ltztn] clwd"Nog ePsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf g]kfnL
k}ofF cd]l/sL 8n/;Fu !)=* k|ltztn] cjd"Nog ePsf] lyof] . @)^( kmfu'g
d;fGtdf cd]l/sL 8n/ Pssf] ljlgdo b/ ?= *^=&& k'u]sf] 5 . @)^( c;f/
d;fGtdf pQm ljlgdo b/ ?= **=^) /x]sf] lyof] .
tflnsf ^ -3_ M ljb]zL ljlgdo k|j[lQ
clwd"Nog -_ cjd"Nog -_
-k|ltztdf_ -c;f/kmfu'g_

vl/b b/ -g]kfnL k}~ffdf_

2067

2068

2068

2069

2069

ljbzL d'b|f

c;f/

c;f/

kmfu'g

c;f/

kmfu'g

2068

2069

cd]l/sL 8n/

74.44

70.95

79.55

88.60

86.77

-10.8

2.1

kfp08 :6ln{

113.71

114.54

124.76

136.62

129.34

-8.2

5.6

o"/f]
hfkfgL o]g
-bzsf]_

94.79

100.34

104.35

107.98

112.86

-3.8

-4.3

8.45

8.95

9.67

11.18

9.02

-7.4

23.9

;|f]tM g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

;d:of tyf r'gf}tL

6.18

g]kfnsf] afXo If]q ljk|]if0f cfosf dfWodaf6 ;Gt'ngdf /xFb} cfPsf] 5 . ljk|]if0f
cfoaf6 tTsfnsf nflu cy{tGqnfO{ ult lbg d2t k'u]tfklg o:tf] ljk|]if0fsf] /sd
k|fozM pkef]udf vr{ x'g] / o;af6 ljb]zL j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfoft lj:tf/ x'Fb}
hfg] k|j[lQsf] ljsf; x'g] ub{5 . ljut s]xL jif{ otfsf] k|j[lQ x]bf{ ljk|]if0f cfk|jfx
/ k]6f]lnod cfoftdf g]kfnsf] lge{/tf j9\b} u}/x]sf] kfOG5 . cy{tGqsf] bL3{sfnLg
lxtsf nflu j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] lgof{t k|j4{g ug]{ / k]6f]lnod kbfy{ dflysf] lge{/tf
sd ug]{ jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug'{ cTofjZos 5 .

6.19

g]kfnsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/ nfdf] ;do b]lv 3f6fdf /xFb} cfPsf] 5 . s'g}klg
cy{tGqsf] jfXo If]q lbuf] x'gnfO{ j:t' Aofkf/sf] art dfk{mt rfn' vftf artdf
/xg' ckl/xfo{ x'G5 . t;y{ g]kfnn] ljZj ahf/df t'ngfTds nfe xfl;n ug{ ;Sg]
s[lif tyf h8La'6LhGo / x:tsnfsf j:t'x lgof{t ug]{ tyf b]zut /
j:t'utkdf Jofkf/ ljljwLs/0f ug]{ sfo{ cl3 a9fpg cfjZos 5 .
89

6.20

g]kfndf ko{6g If]qsf] ljsf; dfk{mt zf]wgfGt/ l:ytLdf ;'wf/ ug{ ;lsg]
;Defjgf /x]sf]n] o;sf nflu rLg / ef/t s]lGb|t ko{6g lj:tf/ u/L rLgaf6 a9L
ko{6sx leq\ofpg ko{6s cfudg;Fu ;DjlGw sfo{nfO{ yk ;xh t'Nofpg],
lrgLofF efiffdf ;"rgf, hfgsf/L tyf :jfutsf ;fdfu|Lx tof/ ug]{ / a9L
lrgLofF ko{6s cfpg ;Sg] 7fpFx klxrfg u/L tL 7fpFxdf :yfgLo ;xeflutfdf
ko{6g k|j4{g ;Dks{ sfof{nox :yfkgf ug'{ pko'Qm b]lvG5 .

6.21

cGt/f{li6o Aofkf/ cGtu{t lgof{tnfO{ x]bf{ vf;u/L lgof{t ljGb'xdf x'g] emGem6,
ckof{Kt lgof{t k|f]T;fxg, Pp6} sfuhft ljleGg lgsfodf a'emfpg'kg]{ cj:yf tyf
pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj a9\g g;s]sf] x'Fbf lgof{t Jofkf/nfO{ cfjZos kg]{
k"jf{wf/xsf] ljsf; ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .

90

&= ul/aL lgjf/0f / /f]huf/L

&= ul/aL lgjf/0f / /f]huf/L

ul/aL lgjf/0f
g]kfndf of]hgfj4 ljsf;sf] z'jftL aif{ b]lvg} cfly{s ljsf; / ul/aL
lgjf/0fnfO{ ljz]if kdf ;Daf]wg ug]{ ul/Psf] ePtf klg lj=;+= @)$^ sf]
/fhgLlts kl/at{g kZrft ag]sf of]hgfxn] ul/aL Go"gLs/0fnfO{ k|fyfldstfdf
/fVg yfn]sf x'g\ . o; qmddf gjf}+ of]hgf -@)%$%(_ n] ul/aL Go"gLs/0fsf] @)
aif]{ sfo{of]hgf tof/ uof] eg] bzf}+ of]hgf -@)%(^$_ nfO{ ul/aL Go"gLs/0f
/0fgLlt kq (Poverty Reduction strategy Paper) sf] kdf th'{df ul/of] . cfly{s
aif{ @)^&^* b]lv z' ePsf] rfn' lqaifL{o of]hgfn] ul/aLnfO{ @%=@ k|ltztaf6
36fP/ @! k|ltzt k'ofpg] nIo /fv]tf klg k|f/lDes tYof+sn] of] @#=*
k|ltztdf sfod /x]sf] b]vfPsf] 5 .
7.2 cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df ul/Psf] g]kfn hLjg:t/ dfkg ;j]{If0f -t];|f]_ n]
3/kl/jf/sf] vr{nfO{ cfwf/ dfgL ul/aLsf] /]vfd'lg /x]sf hg;+Vofsf] cf+sng
u/]sf] lyof] . cfly{s aif{ @)%@%# b]lv !$ aif{ cjlwdf em08} !& k|ltzt laGb'n]
ul/aL 36\g'df ;fIf/tf j[l4, s[lif tyf u}/s[lif If]qsf] Hofnfb/df ePsf] j[l4,
Joj;flos t/sf/L v]tLsf] ljsf;, a9\bf] ;x/Ls/0f, s'n hg;+Vofdf cfly{s kn]
;lqmo hgzlQmsf] lx:;fdf ePsf] j[l4 / ljk|]if0fsf] k|d'v e"ldsf /x]sf] lyof] .
7.3 ul/aL ;DjGwL ;j{]If0f gul/Psf] cjlwdf ul/aL / k|ltJolQm s'n /fli6o pkef]Uo
cfo (Gross National Disposable Income) sf] jLrsf] cGt/;DaGwsf]] cfwf/df
ul/aLsf] /]vfd'lgsf] hg;+Vof cf+sng ug]{ ljlw ckgfO{ ul/aLsf] b/ k|If]k0f ubf{
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df @$=$ k|ltzt / cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df @#=*
k|ltzt hg;+Vof ul/aLsf] /]vfd'lg /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 .
7.4 rfn' lqjifL{o of]hgf cjlwdf ul/aLsf] /]vfd'lgsf] hg;+Vof @! k|ltztdf emfg]{
nIo /flvPsf] ePtf klg ;dodf k"0f{ jh]6 cfpg g;Sg', k"FhLut vr{ x'g g;Sg',
/fli6o k|fyldstf k|fKt cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogdf ;d]t k|To]s r/0fdf ljleGg
lsl;dsf jfwf c8\rg cfpg'sf] sf/0fn] ;/sf/L nufgL x'g g;sL tyf lghL
nufgL klg oy]i6 x'g g;sL u/LaL Go"gLs/0fsf] nIodf k|efj kf/]sf] 5 .
7.5 ;+o'Qm /fi6 ;+3Lo ljsf; sfo{qmdn] cfgf ;b:o /fi6xsf] nflu ;g\ @)!%
;Dddf k"/f ug'{kg]{ u/L tof/ u/]sf] ;x;|fAbL ljsf; nIosf clwsf+z nIox
k|fKt x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 . s]xL nIox eg] clxn] g} k|fKt eO;s]sf 5g\ . ;x;f|AbL
ljsf; nIosf] cBfjlws l:ylt tflnsf &-s_ df b]vfOPsf] 5 .
7.1

91

tflnsf & -s_ M ul/aLsf] kl/df0ffTds ;"rs

;x;|fJbL
;"rs
ljsf;
nIo
nIo b}lgs cd]l/sL Ps 8n/eGbf sd cfo ePsf hg;+Vofsf]
cg'kft
!

b}lgs /fli6o ul/aL /]vfd'lgsf hg;+Vofsf] cg'kft

nIo
#

nIo
&

19.7

17

25.4

23.8

21

22

17

36.1

15.7

25

^%( dlxgf pd]/ ;d"xsf sd jhg ePsf afnaflnsfsf]

cj:yf
^%( dlxgfsf k'8\sf]kg ePsf afnaflnsfsf] cg'kft

36.4

28.8

29

46.8

40.5

30

k|fylds lzIffdf v'begf{ b/

93.7

95.3

100

sIff ! df egf{ eO{ sIff %;Dd k'Ug] ljBfyL{sf] cg'kft

77.9

84.2

100

!%@$ jif{ pd]/ ;d"xsf dlxnf tyf k'ifsf] ;fIf/tf b/

86.5

88.6

100

k|fylds lzIffdf 5fq / 5fqfsf] cg'kft

1.02

0.93
0.63

0.99
0.59

1
1

0.83
85.6

87.7

1
90

50

54

54(38)

dfWolds lzIffdf 5fq / 5fqfsf] cg'kft

pRr lzIffdf dlxnf tyf k'ifsf] cg'kft
!%@$ jif{ pd]/ ;d"xsf ;fIf/ dlxnf tyf k'ifsf] cg'kft
nIo Ps jif{ d'lgsf afnaflnsfnfO{ bfb'/flj4 lbOPsf] vf]ksf]
cg'kft
$
kfFr jif{ d'lgsf] afnd[To'b/ -k|lt Psxhf/ hLljt hGddf_

nIo
%
nIo
^

nIo @)!%

k|ltlbg cd]l/sL Ps 8n/ eGbfd'lg cfo ePsf /f]huf/sf]

cg'kft -kLkLkL_
Go'gtd cfxf/eGbf sd vfgf kfpg] hg;+Vofsf] cg'kft

nIo
@

Xfn;Ddsf]
k|ult

k|ult
@)!)

lzz' d[To'b/ -k|lt Psxhf/ hLljt hGddf_

41

46

34(32)

Dfft[d[To' cg'kft -k|lt Psnfv hLljt hGddf_

bIf k|;'tLstf{sf] ;xof]udf ;'Ts]/L ePsfsf] k|ltzt
!%$( pd]/;d"xdf Pr=cfO=eL=P8\;sf] ;+qmd0f
cf}nf]sf] ;+qmd0f -k|lt Ps xhf/ hg;+Vofdf_
Ifo/f]usf] pkl:ylt b/ --k|lt Psnfv hg;+Vofdf_
Ifo/f]uaf6 ePsf] d[To'b/ -k|lt Psnfv hg;+Vofdf_
jghnn] 9fs]sf] If]q -k|ltztdf_
vfg]kfgLsf] ;|f]tdf lbuf] kx'Fr ePsf] hg;+Vof -k|ltztdf_
;'wfl/Psf] ;/;kmfOdf lbuf] kxF'r ePsf] hg;+Vof-k|ltztdf_

229
29

36

213(134)
60

0.49
5.7
244
22
39.6
80.4
43

0.19
244
22
83
62

0.35
3.8
210
20
40
73
53

gf]6M sf]i6sdf lbOPsf] kl/nIo kl/dfh{g ul/Psf x'g .

;|f]tM /fli6o of]hgf cfof]u .

u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]if dfkm{t ul/Psf k|of;x

7.6

cfof]hgfsf] ;'/m b]lv @)^( kmfu'g d;fGt ;Dddf $( lhNnfx -gljg ;f]rdf
cfwfl/t sfo{qmd ;d]t_ cGtu{tsf ! xhf/ ^ ;o !( ufpF ljsf; ;ldltxdf @@
xhf/ % ;o #$ ;fd'bflos :f+:yfxaf6 sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog eO/x]sf] 5 / xfn
92

;Dddf ^ nfv $) xhf/ % ;o @@ j6f nlIft 3/w'/L nfeflGjt e} ;s]sf 5g\ .

sf]ifsf] sfo{qmdaf6 nfeflGjt s'n 3/kl/jf/ dWo] @*=% k|ltzt blnt, @$=$
k|ltzt hghflt 5g\ . To:t} ;fd'bflos ;+:yfdf cfj4 ;b:oxdf &% k|ltzt
dlxnf /xg'n] lqjifL{o cGtl/d of]hgfdf pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] nlIft sfo{qmdsf]
p2]Zo cg'k ;f]em} ul/j tyf lk5l8Psf ;d'bfo;Dd k'Ug] ;fy{s k|of; ul/Psf]
5.
lqe'jg ljZjljBfno cGtu{tsf] CEDA n] @)^& df u/]sf] k|efj d"Nofg cWoog
cg';f/ ul/axsf] pkef]Uo Ifdtf, vfB;'/Iffdf ;'wf/, cfo cfh{g, ;fdflhs
ljsf;, s]6fs]6Lxsf] :s'n hfg] qmd tyf dlxnf ;zlQms/0fdf ;sf/fTds
kl/0ffdx cfPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ;f] cWoogn] nfeu|fxLxsf] pkef]u Ifdtfdf
jf:tljs d"Nodf #! k|ltztn] a[l4 ePsf] b]vfPsf] 5 eg] ^ b]lv !( dlxgf;Dd
sf]ifsf] cfly{s ;xof]u k|fKt u/]sf 3/w'/Lxsf] pkef]u Ifdtfdf $$=$ k|ltztn]
clea[l4 ePsf] 5 . pQm cWoogn] ul/axsf] vfB pknAwtfdf !) k|ltztn]
a9]sf] klg b]lvPsf] 5 . o;}u/L csf]{ ;fdflhs ljZn]if0f;DaGwL cWoogn] nfeu|fxL
3/w'/Lsf] cf};t cfodf *@=% k|ltzt;Dd a[l4 ePsf] b]lvPsf] 5 .
tflnsf & -v_ M ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]ifaf6 ;fd'bflos ;+:yfxnfO{ uPsf] cg'bfg ljj/0f

7.7

vr{ /sd -?= s/f]8df_

qm=;+=

cfly{s jif{

2061/62

hDdf

cfocfh{g
sfo{qmd

;fgf k"jf{wf/
ljsf;
sfo{qmd

gljgtd
sfo{qmd

hDdf

ljZj a}+s
cg'bfg

6i6 km08
cg'bfg

g]kfn
;/sf/
cg'bfg

13.26

6.41

0.34

20.01

18.36

1.65
6.63

2062/63

15.51

9.07

13.81

38.39

31.76

2063/64

40.43

7.64

49.91

97.99

97.99

2064/65

127.46

23.07

4.65

155.17

155.17

2065/66

97.15

26.18

2.76

126.09

126.05

0.04

2066/67

138.83

42.66

3.57

185.06

185.06

2067/68

152.69

47.09

1.14

200.92

172.01

2068/69
hDdfM

144.55

91.45

2.41

238.40

166.19

68.56

3.66

729.88

253.57

78.59

1062.04

952.59

68.56

40.89

2069/70*

s'n hDdf

28.91

35.06

11.87

0.95

47.89

42.72

4.28

0.89

764.94

265.44

79.54

1109.93

995.31

72.84

41.78

k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .

;|f]t M ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]if .
7.8

ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]if cGt{ut $( lhNnfdf cfo cfh{g sfo{qmd, ;fgf k'jf{wf/
ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf gljgtd sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ ;fd'bflos ;+:yfxnfO{
cfly{s jif{ @)^!^@ b]lv cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dd ?= !) ca{ ^@ s/f]8 $
nfv cg'bfg lbOPsf] 5 . ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]ifaf6 ljleGg ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx/nfO{
93

lbOPsf] cg'bfg a9\b} uPsf] ;Gbe{df k'gM o;sf] k|efj d"Nof+sg cWoog x'g h/L
b]lvPsf] 5 .

o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]if

7.9

7.10

7.11

7.12

pTkfbgzLn >dsf] clwstd pkof]u, pBdzLntfsf] ljsf; dfkm{t k/Dk/fut

pTkfbg k|0ffnLdf kl/jt{g u/L b]zsf] b|'tt/ ljsf;sf] nflu lzlIft tyf clzlIft
a]/f]huf/ o'jfxnfO{ :j/f]huf/sf] cj;/ pknAw u/fpg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf /
;xsf/L ;+:yfx dfkm{t ;x'lnot Jofhb/df ljgflwtf] cfjlws C0f pknJw u/fO{
:j/f]huf/ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ / Joj;flos tflnd ;d]t pknJw u/fpg
cfly{s jif{ )^%^^ ;fndf o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifsf] :yfkgf
ePsf] xf] .
o'jf :j/f]huf/ sfo{qmdsf] d'Vo p2]Zo cfly{s kn] lk5l8Psf ljkGg ju{, dlxnf,
blnt, hghflt, Glkl8t, a]/f]huf/ o'jfx tyf k/Dk/fut ;Lk ePsf
hgtfxnfO{ s[lif ,Joj;fohGo / ;]jf d'ns Aoj;fo dfkm{t cfo cfh{gdf a[l4
u/L pgLxsf] lhljsf]kfh{gnfO{ ;xh agfpg ;'ne kdf k|lt JolSt clwstd
b'O{ nfv ;Dd ljgf lwtf] cfjlws kdf C0f pknAw u/fpg' xf] .
o; cGtu{t v]tL tyf s[lif, l/S;f, 7]nfuf8f ;]jf ;~rfng,k/Dk/fut ;Lk tyf
hfthftLo ;Lk ePsf sfo{qmdx, Ps ufpF Ps pTkfbg, j]/f]huf/nfO{ /f]huf/
agfpg] ;Lk d'ns sfo{qmdx, ;/sf/L tyf /fli6o Pj+ cGt{/fli6o u}/;/sf/L
;+:yfx;Fu ;dGjo ug{] tyf j}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf / ;xsf/L ;+:yfx ;Fu
;dGjo ug{] h:tf sfo{qmdx /x]sf 5g\ . sf]ifsf] p2]Zo k'/f ug{ sf]ifn] a+}s,
ljQLo ;+:yf / ;xsf/L ;+:yfx nfO{ yf]s shf{ lbg] / ;f] shf{ a+}s, ljQLo
;+:yfxn] nlIft ju{nfO{ kfl/jfl/s tyf ;fd'lxs hdfgLdf kl/of]hgf lwtf] /fvL
n3'ljQ shf{ lbg] Joj:yf 5 .
o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/ sf]ifaf6 cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df :j/f]huf/
sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf] nflu ljleGg @) j6f a}+s tyf ;+:yfxnfO{ ?= @ ca{ %(
s/f]8 % nfv /sd :jLs[t ePsf]df ?= $@ s/f]8 $ nfv $^ xhf/ shf{ k|jfx
eO $ xhf/ @ ;o ^ hgf :j/f]huf/ ePsf lyP . rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf]
k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dd :j/f]huf/ sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf] nflu yk % j6f a}+s tyf %
;o %* k|f/lDes ;xsf/L ;+:yfxnfO{ ?= ^ ca{ *# s/f]8 @ nfv /sd :jLs[t
eO tL ;+:yfx dfkm{t ?= (^ s/f]8 ## nfv *) xhf/ shf{ k|jfx ePsf]] 5 .
o;af6 ! xhf/ % ;o @ hgf :j/f]huf/ ePsf 5g\ . o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL
:j/f]huf/ sf]if dfkm{t ;~rflnt sfo{qmdaf6 @)&) h]i7 d;fGt ;Dddf s'n !#
xhf/ * ;o ^@ hgf o'jfx :j/f]huf/ ePsf 5g\ . :j/f]huf/sf d'Vo If]qx
kz'kfng, s[lif, jfujfgL, ;]jf Joj;fo, 3/]n' pBf]u cflb /x]sf 5g\ .
94

/f]huf/L
7.13

7.14

g]kfndf k|To]s jif{ sl/j $ nfv %) xhf/ hlt pTkfbgzLn o'jfxsf] /f]huf/
ahf/df k|j]z x'g] u/]sf] 5 . o;/L k|j]z ug]{ o'jfxnfO{ cfGtl/s /f]huf/Lsf
cj;/xdf ;xh kx'Fr ;'lglZrt ug{ >d ljefu cGtu{t /f]huf/ ;"\rgf s]Gb|sf]
:yfkgf u/L /f]huf/ ljlgdo s]Gb|sf] kdf ljsf; ug]{ k|of;sf] yfngL ePsf] 5 .
j]/f]huf/ hgzlQmnfO{ Joj;flos 1fg / ;Lko'Qm jgfO{ /f]huf/Lsf] nflu of]Uo /
bIf agfpg' Jofj;flos tyf ;Lk ljsf; tflnd s]Gb|x dfkm{t cfGtl/s /f]huf/
k|j4{gsf sfo{qmdx tLj| kdf cl3 j9L /x]sf 5g\ . pNn]lvt ;Lldt k|of;sf
jfjh'b b]z leq /f]huf/L cj;/sf] ;Lldttf tyf o'jfxsf] j}b]lzs /f]huf/LnfO{
dxTj lbg] k|j[lQsf] kmn:jk j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf If]qdf rfk j9\b} uPsf] b]lvG5 .
o;y{, b]zsf pknAw >f]t / ;fwgnfO{ cem j9L k|efjsf/L kdf /f]huf/Ltkm{
s]Gb|Ls[t ug]{ gLltut Joj:yfsf] lgldQ /fli6o /f]huf/ gLltsf] th'{df ug]{ sfo{
k|f/De ePsf] 5 .
/fli6o >d zlQm ;j]{If0f, @))* sf] cfwf/df ;g\ @)!) df tof/ ul/Psf]
k|ltj]bg cg';f/ g]kfndf sl/a !^ nfv afnaflnsfx >ldssf kdf sfo{/t
/x]sf 5g\ . h;dWo] ^ nfv @! xhf/ afnaflnsfx lgs[i6 k|s[ltsf] >d ug{
afWo 5g\ . g]kfnn] ;g\ @)!^ ;Dd lgs[i6 k|s[ltsf afn>d pGd"ng / ;g\ @)@)
;Dd ;a} k|sf/sf afn>d cGTo ug{] /fli6o tyf cGt/f{li6o :t/df k|lta4tf
hgfPsf] 5 . afn>d lgjf/0fsf nflu afn>d ;DaGwL /fli6o u'of]hgf kl/dfh{g
e}/x]sf], afn>d lgif]w / lgoldt ug]{ P]g, @)%^ / lgodfjnL, @)^@ nfu" ul/Psf],
lgs[i6 k|s[ltsf >ddf ;+nUg afn>ldssf] p4f/, afnaflnsfnfO{ o:tf] >ddf
k|j]z ug{af6 /f]s, lbjf lzz' :ofxf/ tyf cgf}krfl/s lzIff s]Gb|xaf6 sfdbf/sf
! ;o ^) hgf afnaflnsfnfO{ lzIff k|bfg ul/Psf], afn>d lgjf/0f tyf ;'wf/
cfof]hgf dfkm{t ;r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmdx, cf}krfl/scgf}krfl/s lzIff, afn>d
lgjf/0f sf]ifsf] :yfkgf tyf ;~rfng / ljleGg u}/ ;/sf/L lgsfo dfkm{t ;d]t
;r]tgf d'ns, sfg"gL ;xof]u, dgf];fdflhs k/fdz{, ;Lk ljsf; tflnd,
k'gM:yflkt afn >ldssf cleefjsxnfO{ cfod"ns / /f]huf/d"ns tflnd
;~rfng cflb o; If]qsf pknlAwx /x]sf 5g\ .

oyfy{ Hofnfb/
7.15

Hofnfb/ ;"rsfdf ePsf] a[l4b/ pkef]Qmf d'b|f:kmLlt b/eGbf sd /x]af6

jf:tljs Hofnfb/ ;"rsf 0ffTds /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( /
@)^(&) sf] kmfu'gdf jflif{s ljGb'ut pkef]Qmf d'b|f:kmLlt b/ qmdzM &=)
k|ltzt / !)=@ k|ltztn] a9]sf]df pQm cjlwxdf Hofnfb/ ;"rsf qmdzM @&=^
k|ltzt / &=* k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . d'b|f:kmLlt b/ pRr x'Fb} hfFbf oyfy{ Hofnfb/
sd x'g' :jfefljs g} ePklg ;dLf cjlwdf d'b|f:kmLltsf] j[l4b/ Hofnfb/df
ePsf] j[l4eGbf a9L /x]sf] 5 .
95

j}b]lzs /f]huf/L
cGt/f{li6o ahf/sf] dfu cg'k 1fg / ;Lk k|bfg u/L k|lt:kwL{ >d zlQmsf]
ljsf; ug]{, ;'/lIft, Aojl:yt / dof{lbt a}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] ;~rfng / j}b]lzs
/f]huf/df dlxnfsf ;/f]sf/sf] ;Daf]wg ug]{ d"n p2]Zo /x]sf] j}b]lzs /f]huf/ gLlt,
@)^* hf/L eO{ sfof{Gjogsf] lbzfdf cl3 a9]sf] 5 . To:t} tLg jifL{o of]hgfn]
b]zsf] a]/f]huf/L cj:yfdf sdL Nofpg, ul/aL Go"gLs/0f ug{ / cy{tGqsf]
;'b9[ Ls/0fdf j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] of]ubfgnfO{ a9fpg'sf ;fy} ;'/lIft tyf dof{lbt
j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ p2]Zo /fv]sf] 5 . j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf nflu
;+:yfut kdf sfdbf/ k7fpg v'nf ul/Psf d'n'sxsf] ;+Vof ! ;o ( j6f
k'u]sf] 5 .
tflnsf & -u_ M cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df b]zut j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] l:ylt
b]z
l;=g+=
k'if
dlxnf
hDdf

7.16

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

stf/
dn]l;of
;fpbL c/a
o"=P=O{=
s'j]t
ax/fO{g
cf]dg
blIf0f sf]l/of
n]jgfg
Oh/fon
ckmuflg:tfg
hfkfg
cGo
hDdf

54639

582

55221

97543

4697

102240

60576

283

60859

32399

5686

38085

6150

3408

9558

2318

565

2883

2127

683

2810

1613

151

1764

184

158

342

30

29

59

211

213

650

101

751

1634

368

2002

260074

16713

276787

;|f]t Mj}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefu .

7.17

cfly{s jif{ @)%)%! b]lv cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dd j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf uPsf
sfdbf/sf] s'n ;+Vof @$ nfv #& xhf/ ! ;o !! /x]sf] b]lvG5 . ljleGg
k|ltj]bgxn] ;/sf/L cg'dltlagf klg pNn]Vo ;+Vofdf g]kfnL sfdbf/ /f]huf/Lsf
nflu ljb]zdf uPsf] tYof+sx k|:t't ul/Psf] kfOG5 . cf}krfl/s / cgf}krfl/s
;+VofnfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf clxn] #) nfv eGbf a9L ;+Vofdf g]kfnL gful/sx
ljb]zdf /f]huf/Lsf] k|of]hgsf nflu uPsf] cg'dfg 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf]
bf];|f] rf}dfl;s;Dd j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] g]kfnL sfdbf/xsf] ;+Vof 2 nfv 76
xhf/ 7 ;o 87 /x]sf] 5 . h; dWo] dlxnf !^ xhf/ & ;o !# hgf / k'if @
nfv ^) xhf/ &$ hgf /x]sf] kfOG5 . j}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf sfdbf/xsf]
;+Vof b]zutkdf b]xfocg';f/ /x]sf] 5 .
96

7.18

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dd j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] s'n ;+Vof @$ nfv #& xhf/
! ;o !! hgf dWo] ;a} eGbf j9L dn]l;ofdf & nfv &# xhf/ ( ;o $),
stf/df ^ nfv () xhf/ # ;o (%, ;fpbL c/jdf $ nfv (@ xhf/ * ;o (^,
;+o'Qm c/j O{ld/]6\; -o'=P=O{_ df # nfv !# xhf/ $ ;o ^! uPsf 5g\ .

/f]huf/L Pj+ >lds l:ylt ljZn]if0f

7.19

7.20

b]zdf lbgfg'lbg al9/x]sf] a]/f]huf/L ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ tkm{ :ki6 gLlt tyf
sfo{qmdsf] cefj Pjd\ vfsf tof/ gePsf] sf/0f ul/aLnfO{ k"0f{ kdf x6fpg]
sfo{ r'gf}tLk"0f{ 5 . ul/aL gx6];Dd b]z ljsf;sf] kl/sNkgf ;fsf/ x'g ;Sb}g .
ul/aLnfO{ lg/fs/0f ug]{ k|d'v dfWod eg]sf] /f]huf/L g} xf] . /f]huf/Lsf nflu w]/}
o'jfx ljb]lzg] qmd a9\bf] 5 . :jb]zdf /f]huf/Lsf cj;/x Psbd} Go"g /x]sf]
5 . s[lif If]qdf /x]sf] lge{/tfn] dfq of] ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g] b]lvFb}g . o:tf]
cj:yfdf b]zleq nufgL a9fO{ Jofks dfqfdf /f]huf/Lsf cj;/xsf] ;[hgf ug'{
cfjZos ePsf] 5 .
ljut s]xL jif{ cufl8b]lv ul/aL Go"g ug]{ sfo{qmdx ;~rfng ePsf] ePklg
ck]lIft dfqfdf ul/aL 36\g ;s]sf] 5}g . ljb]z Pjd\ :jb]zdf sfd ug]{
>ldsxsf] clwsf/, :jf:Yo aLdf nufotsf ;'ljwfaf6 klg >ldsx jl~rt
/x]sf] tYonfO{ klg gsfg{ ;lsFb}g . o;tkm{ klg Wofg k'ofpg'kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 .

ul/aL lgjf/0f / /f]huf/Lsf nflu ;~rflnt nlIft sfo{qmdx

s0ff{nL /f]huf/
7.21

s0ff{nL c~rnsf] clwsf+z kl/jf/sf JolQmxsf] k/Dk/fut k]zf, Joj;fo jf

/f]huf/Laf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLn] hLjg wfGg sl7g ePsf] oyfy{nfO{ Wofgdf /fvL o:tf
kl/jf/xnfO{ /f]huf/Lsf cj;/ pknJw u/fpg] clek|fon] cfly{s jif{ @)^#^$
b]lv s0ff{nL c~rndf Ps kl/jf/ Ps /f]huf/sf] gfdaf6 of] sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf
/xFb} cfPsf] 5 . s0ff{nL c~rndf ;~rflnt o; sfo{qmd tkm{ @)^( cfiff9
d;fGt ;Dd ^( xhf/ ( ;o &^ 3/w'/L dWo] sl/a &# xhf/ ( ;o !# a]/f]huf/
3/kl/jf/sf ;b:o /x]sf] 5g\ . o; sfo{qmd af6 cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df % ;o
$! j6f of]hgf -df]6/af6f], laBfno ejg, ;fgf n3' hnlaB't dd{t, uf]/]6f],
3f]8]6f], kmnkm'n Pj+ hl8a'6L v]tL_ ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . o:tf of]hgfaf6 s0ff{nL
c~rndf !)!@ lbg a/fa/sf] /f]huf/L ;[hgf eO{ & nfv (^ xhf/ % ;o !*
sfdaf6 ;DalGwt AolQm nfeflGat ePsf 5g\ . rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf]
k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] cjlwdf a]/f]huf/ kl/jf/sf] ljj/0f cBfjlws ug]{, a]/f]huf/
kl/jf/sf ;d'x u7g u/L lghxn] rog u/]sf of]hgfx 5gf}6 ug]{, tL of]hgf
;~rfngsf nflu cg'dflgt nfut tof/ ug]{, lhNnfdf sfo{/t ;/sf/L, ;+3
;+:yf;Fu sfo{ut ;dGjo / Plss[t ug]{ sfo{ ub}{ of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjogsf] sfd
ePsf]] 5 .
97

klZrd pRr kxf8L ul/aL lgjf/0f

7.22

dWo klZrd tyf ;'b"/ klZrdsf pRr kxf8L lhNnfxdf a;f]af; ug]{ clt ljkGg
hgtfsf] hLjg:t/ ;'wf/ ug]{ p2]Zon] h'Dnf, x'Dnf, aemf, afh'/f, d'u', 8f]Nkf,
sflnsf]6, hfh/sf]6, s'd, /f]Nkf / b}n]v lhNnfdf klZrd pRr kxf8L ul/aL
lgjf/0f cfof]hgf g]kfn ;/sf/, IFAD, ;DalGwt lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltx, ufpF
ljsf; ;ldltx, lghL If]q / :yfgLo pkef]Qmfxsf] ;+o'Qm nufgLdf ;~rfng
eO/x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df k"jf{wf/ ;Def/ tkm{ l;FrfO #@ j6f,
vfg]kfgL %( j6f, ljBfno #@ j6f, k'n % j6f :jf:Yo s]Gb| @ j6f lgdf{0f ;DkGg
eO{ @) xhf/ @ ;o ( 3/w'/L nfeflGjt ePsf lyP eg] ^! j6f sa'nLotL jg
;d"x u7g u/]sf] / o;af6 $ xhf/ $ ;o () lakGg tyf ul/a 3/w'/L ;d]l6Psf
lyP . o;}u/L j[Iff/f]k0fsf nflu ! nfv *# xhf/ ( ;o ^^ lajf ;d"xdf k|bfg
ul/Psf] lyof] / o; cjlwdf $ ;o (^ x]S6/ sa'lnotL jgsf] hUufdf ljleGg
k|hftLsf lajf /f]k0f / % ;o %^ ;fd'bflos ;+:yf lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf
lyP . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd * dlxgfdf ;fd'bflos k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ;Def/ tkm{
qmdfut ljBfno tyf ;fd'bflos ejg @ uf]6f, qmdfut vfg]kfgL !) j6f, qmdfut
n3' l;FrfO of]hgf * j6f, vfg]kfgL of]hgf # uf]6f ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .

:yfgLo cu|;/tfsf] gof 1fg / ;Lk;Fu cfa4tf

7.23

c5fd, b}n]v, hfh/sf]6 / sflnsf]6 lhNnfdf ;~rflnt of] sfo{qmdaf6 cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df @% ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf] nflu cfjlws of]hgf lgdf{0f tflnd
lbOPsf], @% ufpF ljsf; ;ldltxsf] cfjlws of]hgf lgdf{0f ul/Psf], @ ;o !#
;d"xsf] Ifdtf ljsf; ul/Psf] / & xhf/ @ ;o hgf ;fgf ls;fgxnfO{ ahf/df
kx'Fr clea[l4 tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] kmfu'g
d;fGt;Dd @% ufpF ljsf; ;ldltxsf] cfjflws of]hgf lgdf{0fsf] af/]df
k|lqmofut tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 @% ufpF ljsf; ;ldltxsf] cfjlws of]hgf
lgdf{0fdf ;xof]u Pj+ ;xhLs/0f ul/Psf] 5, ! ;o @@ ;d"xsf] Ifdtf ljsf;
pTkfbg Pj+ Joj;flos of]hgf lgdf{0fdf ;xhLs/0f ul/Psf] 5, # xhf/ 3/w'/L
;fgf ls;fgxsf] ahf/df kx'Fr k'ofpg] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 eg] ^ j6f
s[lif pkh ;+sng s]Gb| :yfkgf Pj+ ;~rfngdf ;xof]u ul/Psf] 5 .

g]kfn vfB ;+s6 ;Daf]wg

7.24

vfBfGgsf] cfsflzbf] d"Nosf] df/af6 ul/j hgtfxnfO{ tTsfn /fxt k'ofpg]

p2]Zon] sfdsf nflu vfBfGg sfo{s|d dfkm{t vfB ;'/Iffdf 6]jf k'ofpg ljZj
a}ssf] cfly{s ;xof]udf ljZj vfB sfo{qmdaf6 vfBfGg -j:t'ut_ Pj+ k|fljlws
;xof]u k|fKt eO{ cfly{s jif{ @)^%^^ b]lv ;~rfng eO{/x]sf] 5 . u|fdL0f
;fd'bflos k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{s|d nfu" ePsf @! lhNnfdf of] sfo{s|d ;~rfngdf
/x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o; sfo{s|djf6 nfeu|fxLdf k/]sf] k|efj
;DjGwL d"Nof+sg (Beneficiary Assessment) ul/Psf], * j6f sDKo'6/ vl/b
98

ul/Psf] tyf cg'udg d"Nof+sg ;DaGwL Ps j6f tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . rfn'
cfly{s jif{ sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf zfvf /lxt j}+ls e'QmfgL (Branchless
Banking Payment), Joj:yfkg ;"rgf k|0ffnL (Management Information
System) sf] ;'b[l9s/0f ug{ tyf lh=lj=;=uf=lj=;=df o;sf] ;'b[l9s/0fsf] nflu
;"rgf k|ljlw (IT) clws[t cfk"lt{ ug]{ cflb sfo{sf] nflu k/fdz{bftf 5gf}6 ug]{
sfo{ cl3 a9fOPsf] 5 .

;d:of tyf r'gf}tLx

7.25

u/La / wgL aLr c;dfgtfsf] vf8nnfO{ pko'Qm sfo{qmdxsf] dfWodaf6

Go"gLs/0f ub}{ b]zaf6 ul/aL lg/fs/0f ug'{ Ps s7Lg / r'gf}tLk"0f{ sfo{ ePsf] 5 .

7.26

ef}lts ;'ljwfsf] vf]hL / ljleGg b]zLo kl/l:yltsf sf/0f hgtfdf a9]sf] If]qut
rnfodfgtf tyf ;f] sf] rfk ;'/lIft :yfg, gu/ If]q / a9L ;'ljwf k|fKt :yfgdf
s]lGb|t /x]sf] x'Fbf ;x/L ul/aLhGo ;d:ofsf] ;Daf]wg ug'{ cToGt r'gf}tLk"0f{
b]lvPsf] 5 .
b]zdf /x]sf] a]/f]huf/Lsf] ;d:ofnfO{ 36fpg b]zsf] x/]s If]qdf :yfgLo ;Lk, k'FhL
/ k|ljlwsf] klxrfg u/L sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ / To:tf sfo{qmddf :yfgLo
a]/f]huf/ o'jfo'jtLxnfO{ ;+nUg u/fpg] sfo{ klg r'gf}tLk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 .
afn>d lj4sf] r]tgfsf] sdL, :yfgLo tx;Dd afn>d x]g]{ ;+/rgfsf] cefj,
;~rflnt sfo{qmdx nlIft ju{ ;Dd k'Ug g;Sg', afn>d;DaGwL sfo{qmdxaLr
;dGjo sdhf]/ x'g' h:tf ;d:ofx /x]sf 5g\ . /fli6o / cGt/f{li6o
lgsfoxjLr ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ j[l4 ug'{, ljBdfg\ ;fdflhs dfGotf / wf/0ff
kl/jt{g ug'{, afn>daf6 p2f/ / k'gM:yfkgf ug'{, o; ;DaGwL P]g lgodxsf]
k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug'{, afn>dsf] k|d'v sf/s tTj ul/aL lgjf/0fsf nflu s[lif,
/f]huf/, ;fdflhs ;'/Iff, hLljsfsf ljsNkxsf] ljsf; ug'{ r'gf}tLsf] kdf
/x]sf] 5 .

7.27

7.28

7.29

d'n'ssf] ljsf; nfO{ tLa|tf lbg s] s:tf] k|sf/sf] s] slt dfgj ;|f]t cfjZos
kb{5 / tLgsf] cfk"lt{ s;/L ug]{ eGg] ;f]r /flv hgzlQm of]hgf cfpg h/L 5 .
b]zdf ljBdfg 7"nf Jofkfl/s tyf cf}Bf]lus k|lti7fgxdf cfjZos >lds tyf
bIf hgzlQmsf] cfk"lt{df :jb]zL gful/snfO{ k|fyldstf lbg]tkm{ klg ;r]t x'g
cfjZos b]lvG5 .

7.30

s[lif Joj;fonfO{ b]zsf] cy{tGqsf] d]b08 dflgP klg o; k]zfk|lt hgtfsf]

nufj s]lGb|t u/L cb[Zokdf /x]sf] a]/f]huf/L ;d:ofnfO{ sd ug]{ sfo{ s7Lg /
r'gf}tLk"0f{ x'Fb} uPsf] 5 .
;fdflhs tyf cfly{s sf/0faf6 b]z ljsf;sf] d"nwf/df ;dfj]z x'g g;s]sf
blnt, dlxnf, dw];L, hghflt, ljkGg Pjd\ lk5l8Psf] ju{, ljs6 tyf b"/b/fhdf

7.31

99

7.32

7.33

7.34

a;f]af; ug]{ au{ / clt ul/a tyf ;fgf ls;fgxsf] ul/aL Pjd\ k5f}6]kgnfO{
lg/fs/0f u/L /fli6o ljsf;sf] cleofgdf ;l/s u/fpg] sfo{ TolQs} hl6n /
r'gf}tLk"0f{ ePsf] 5 .
k|To]s jif{ b]zsf] >d ahf/df ylkg] cg'dflgt $ nfv %) xhf/sf] >dzlQmn]
/f]huf/sf] cj;/ k|bfg ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . b]zdf s] slt bIf a]/f]huf/, cw{
a]/f]huf/ tyf a]/f]huf/ >ldssf] ;+Vof 5, PsLg u/L ;f]sf] uxg cWoog /
ljZn]if0f ;d]t x'g] u/]sf] kfOFb}g . ;fy}, >dzlQmnfO{ sxfF s] s;/L kl/rfng ug]{,
s:tf] sfo{qmdsf] dfWodaf6 pgLxnfO{ sfddf ;+nUg u/fpg] eGg] h:tf
sfo{qmdsf] klg cefj /x]sf] / ljleGg >dnfO{ s;/L pkof]u ug]{ eGg] ;dGjosf/L
e"ldsf ;d]t ePsf] kfOFb}g . o;n] ubf{ a]/f]huf/xsf] ;d:of lbgfg'lbg a[l4 x'Fb}
uPsf] 5 .
j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] JolQmx k|:yfg ljGb'af6} 7lug yfNg', uGtJo :yfgdf
k'u]kl5 ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfd / Hofnf gkfpg', /sd ljk|]if0fdf cK7\of/f] x'g',
zf/Ll/s oftgf ;xg', >ldsxnfO{ cfjZos cfwf/e"t ;"rgf Pj+ hfgsf/L k|bfg
ug{ g;Sg' / cj}wflgskdf hfg] sfdbf/xnfO{ lgoGq0f tyf lgodg ug]{ sfo{
r'gf}tLk"0f{ 5 . To:t} a}b]lzs /f]huf/Laf6 lelqPsf] ljk|]if0fsf] pTkfbg d"ns sfo{df
pkof]u u/fpg] lbZfftkm{ ;f]r k'ofpg h/L 5 .
j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] ;a} b]zxdf g]kfnL lgof]u gePsf sf/0f ToxfF sfo{/t
>ldsxnfO{ cfOkg]{ ljleGg ;d:ofxaf6 d'lQm kfpg ;Sg] cj:yf g/x]sf]n]
>ldsxn] cg]s ;d:of em]ln/xsf] x'Fbf o;sf] ;dfwfgsf nflu l56f]eGbf l56f]
kxn x'g' cToGt cfjZos 5 .

100

*= s[lif / jg

s[lif
8.1

8.2

g]kfnL cy{tGqdf ;du| s[lif If]qn] v]nL cfPsf]] e"ldsf k|d'v /x]sf] 5 .
d'Votof u|fdL0f:t/df /x]sf cfd s[ifs ;d'bfodf s[lif If]qaf6 k|fKt x'g uPsf]
/f]huf/Lsf] cj;/, d'n'snfO{ ;dli6ut kdf k|bfg x'g] vfB ;'/Iffsf] sf/0f
s[lif If]qsf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 . v'nf ahf/sf] cGt/fli6o kl/j]zdf
d'n'ssf] s[lif If]qnfO{ Aoj;flos/0f tyf ljljlws/0f u/L t'ngfTds nfe Pj+
k|lt:kwf{sf] dfWodaf6 ;Ifd agfpg' cfhsf] ckl/xfo{ cfjZostf ag]sf] 5 .
pknAw >f]t / ;fwgsf] cfwf/df ljutsf cfjlws of]hgfx dWo] kf+rf}
of]hgf b]lv g} s[lif If]qnfO{ pRr k|fyldstf lbO{Psf] 5 . o; If]qsf] ljsf;sf
nflu ;dofg's'n s[lifgLltx th'{df u/L o;sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf ;fy}
cg'udg Pj+ d"Nofgdf ljz]if hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 . ;du| s[lif If]qsf] pTkfbg Pj+
pTkfbsTj a[l u/L ax';Vo+s s[ifs ;d'bfosf] hLjg:t/df ;sf/fTds ;'wf/
Nofpg s[lif ljsf;sf ;Dk"0f{ sfo{s|dx lgb{]lzt /x]sf 5g\ .
d'n'ssf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg Ps ltxfOsf] xf/fxf/Ldf
/x]sf] 5 eg] s/La b'O{ ltxfO{ hg;+Vof o;} If]qdf cfo cfh{gsf nflu
lqmofzLn /x]sf] cj:yf 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*/^( df s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf
s[lif If]qsf] of]ubfg #%=#^ k|ltzt /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df #$=##
k|ltzt /xg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . h'g cfly{s jif{ @)%&/%* sf] :yL/ d'Nodf
!=@^ k|ltzt n] a[l4 x'g] / ut cfly{s jif{ @)^*/^( sf] eGbf #=^* k|ltzt
laGb'n] sdL x'g] cg'dfg 5 .

vfBfGg afnL pTkfbgsf] l:ylt

8.3

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df g]kfnsf] s'n vfBfGg pTkfbg -wfg, ux'F, ds}, sf]bf],
hf}, kmfk/_ cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf s/La & nfv @) xhf/ d]l6s 6g cyf{t
s/La * k|ltztn] 36\g uO{ utaif{sf] ($ nfv %* xhf/ d]l6s 6g af6 *&
nfv #* xhf/ d]l6s 6g x'g] k|f/lDes cg'dfg 5 . ;fy} o; jif{ vfBfGg
afnLn] 9fs]sf] s'n If]qkmn ;d]t utaif{sf] t'ngfdf s/La ! nfv $) xhf/
x]S6/ 36\g uO{ ## nfv $$ xhf/ x]S6/ k'Ug uPsf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .
h;sf] sf/0f utaif{sf] t'ngfdf s/La $ k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf pTkfbsTj
;d]t 36\g uPsf] 5 .

8.4

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df wfgsf] pTkfbg utaif{sf] t'ngfdf s/La !!

k|ltztn] 36\g uO{ utjif{sf] s/La %) nfv &@ xhf/ d]l6s 6g jf6 s/La
$% nfv $ xhf/ d]l6s 6g dfq x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . l9nf] tyf sdhf]/
dg;'gsf] sf/0f b]zsf] wfg v]tL x'g] s'n If]qkmndWo] s/La ! nfv !! xhf/
x]S6/ df wfg /f]kfO{ g} x'g g;ls pTkfbsTj ;d]t utaif{sf] t'ngfdf $=#
k|ltztn] 36]sf] 5 . o;aif{ d'ntM v8]/Laf6 s]lx lhNnfsf s]lx s[ifs kl/jf/
101

tyf s]lx If]qsf] wfg afnLdf ;d]t c;/ kg{ uPsf]] 5 . o;aif{sf] wfg pTkfbg
!% lhNnfdf utaif{s} xf/fxf/Ldf, @) lhNnfdf a9\g uPsf] 5 eg] af+ls
rfln; lhNNffdf 36\g uPsf] 5 .
tflnsf * -s_ M vfBfGg afnL nufPsf] If]qkmn / pTkfbgsf] ljj/0f
afnLx

Wffg
Dfs}
ux'+
sf]bf]
hf}
kmfk/
hDdf

cfly{s jif{ @)^()&)

cfly{s jif{ @)^*)^(

If]qkmn
-x]S6/_

pTkfbg
-df]l6s 6g_

pTkfbsTj
-s]=hL=x]S6/_

If]qkmn
-x]S6/_

pTkfbg
pTkfbsTj
-df]l6s 6g_ -s]=hL=x]S6/_

1420570

4504503

3171

1531493

5072249

3312

(-7.2)

(-11.3)

(-4.3)

(2.3)

(13.7)

(11.1)

849635

1999010

2353

871387

2179414

2501

(-2.5)

(-8.3)

(-5.9)

(-3.8)

(5.4)

(9.6)

759843

1882220

2477

765275

1846107

2412

(-0.72)

(2)

(3)

(-0.3)

(5.7)

(6.1)

274350

305588

1114

278030

315067

1133

(-1.3)

(-3)

(-1.7)

(3.0)

(4.1)

(1.0)

28989

36973

1275

27871

34736

1246

(4)

(6)

(2)

(-2.1)

(14.9)

(17.3)

10681

10056

942

10339

10021

969

(3.3)

(0.3)

(-2.9)

(0.3)

(13.3)

(13.0)

3344046

8738350

2613

3484395

9457594

2714

(-4)

(-7.6)

(-4)

(0.2)

(9.8)

(9.6)

;|f]t M s[lif ljsf; dGqfno

gf]6Msf]i7leqsf] c+sn] cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf ePsf] a[l4b/nfO{ k|ltztdf hgfpF5 .
8.5

pTkfbgsf lx;fan] wfg kl5sf] bf];|f] k|d'v vfBfGgafnL ds]} xf] . ds}sf]
pTkfbg o; cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df utjif{sf] t'ngfdf s/La * k|ltztn]
36\g uO{ !( nfv (( xhf/ d]l6s 6g pTkfbg x'g] cg'dfg /x]sf] 5 . o;jif{
o;sf] If]qkmndf s/La ;f9] b'O{ k|ltzt sdL cfPsf] 5 . v8]/Lsf sf/0f
pTkfbsTjdf s/La ^ k|ltztn]] sdL eO{ @#%@ s] =lh= k|lt x]S6/ x'g] cg'dfg
5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df v8]/Lsf] nfdf] k|efj tyf st} st} 8fF7 s'lxg]
/f]usf] sf/0faf6 s]lx If]qsf] ds}sf] pTkfbg 36]sf] ePtf klg a]df};dL Pj+
a;Gt] ds}sf] If]qkmn ;d]t a9]sf] sf/0f ;du| ds}sf] pTkfbgdf Tolt w]/}
sdL cfPsf] 5}g .
102

8.6

8.7

8.8

8.9

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df sf]bf]sf] pTkfbgdf s/La tLg k|ltztn] sdL cfO{
ut jif{sf] # nfv !% xhf/ d]l6s 6gjf6 s/La # nfv % xhf/ d]l6s 6g
dfq /xg] cg'dfg 5 . sf]bf]afnLdf pGgt lap, dn h:tf k|lalwsf] k|of]u ug{]
rng sd ePsf sf/0f o;sf] pTkfbsTjdf vf;} a[l4 x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
s]lx lxdfnL If]qdf d'Vo vfBfGg afnLsf] kdf /x]sf] kmfk/nfO{ ut b'O{ aif{
b]lv /fli6o tYofsf] kdf ;dfa]z ul/Psf] xf] . h; cg';f/ b]zsf s/La
%) j6f lhNnfdf v]tL x'g] kmfk/afnL sf] If]qkmn !) xhf/ ^ ;o *! x]S6/ ,
pTkfbg !) xhf/ %^ d]l6s 6g tyf pTkfbsTj ( ;o $@ s]=lh= k|lt x]S6/
/x]sf] 5 . cfly{s aif{ @)^*^( df o;sf] If]qkmn utaif{ eGbf s/La #
k|ltztn] a[l4 ePsf] 5 eg] pTkfbsTjdf s/La # k|ltztn] sdL /x]sf] 5 .
pTkfbgsf] lx;fan] t];|f] gDa/df kg{] ePtf klg s[lif If]qsf] afnLtkm{sf]
ufx{:Yo pTkfbgdf of]ubfgsf] lx;fan] bf];|f] gDa/df kg{] ux'FafnLsf] pTkfbg
utaif{sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df @ k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{ !* nfv
*@ xhf/ d]l6s 6g x'g] cg'dfg 5 . ;do ;dodf lxpb]aiff{ tyf lxdkft
;d]t ePsfn]] pTkfbgdf a[l2 eO{ pTkfbsTj s/La # k|ltztn] a9]sf] cg'dfg
5 . o;aif{ clwsf+z k"la{ t/fO{sf lhNnfxdf ux'afnLsf] If]qkmn 36]sf sf/0f
;du| If]qkmndf ;d]t s]lx sdL b]lvPsf] 5 . klZrd tyf k"la{ t/fO{{sf s]lx
lhNnfdf pTkfbg 36]sf] 5 eg] kxf8 tyf lxdfnsf clwsf+z lhNnfdf pTkfbg
a9]sf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df hf} afnL nufPsf] If]qkmn s/La $ k|ltztn]] /
pTkfbg s/La ^ k|ltztn] a9\g] k'a{ cg'dfg 5 . hf}sf] pTkfbg a9\g'df dWo
tyf ;'b'/ klZrdL kxf8df ePsf] /fd|f] lxpb] aiff{ tyf ;do ;dosf] lxdkft
k|d'v sf/0fsf] kdf b]lvG5g\ . vfBfGgdf hf} afnLsf] pTkfbg s/La #& xhf/
d]l6s 6g dfq 5 .

gub] afnLxsf] pTkfbg l:ylt

8.10

;fdfGotof t]nxg, ;'lt{, h'6, pv', cfn' nufotsf afnLnfO{ gub] afnL eGg]
u/]sf] ePtf klg xfnsf lbgdf lalqm lat/0f x'g] xl/of] ds} nufot ;a}
afnLnfO{ gub] afnLsf] kdf lng] ul/G5 . o;aif{ ;du| gub] afnLn] 9fs]sf]
If]qkmn s/La $ nfv *! xhf/ x]S6/, pTkfbg %* nfv *) xhf/ d]l6s 6g
tyf pTkfbsTj !@ d]l6s 6g k|lt x]S6/ /x]sf] 5 h'g ut aif{sf] t'ngfdf
If]qkmn oyfat, pTkfbg s/La # k|ltzt tyf pTkfbsTj # k|ltztn] a[l4
ePsf] 5 .

103

tflnsf * -v_ M cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] gub] afnLxsf] pTkfbgsf] k|f/lDes l:ylt
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&)
cfly{s jif{ @)^*)^(
cf}Bf]lus

afnLx
t]nxg

If]qkmn
-x]S6/_

pTkfbg
-df]l6s 6g_

215600 179000
(-1)
(-1)
188012 2753390

cfn'

(-1)

t/sf/L
kmnkm"n

(7)

246174 3409722

pTkfbsTj
-s]=hL=x]S6/_
830
(00)
14645
(8)
13851

If]qkmn
-x]S6/_

pTkfbg
-df]l6s 6g_

218321 181206
(2.2)
(2.8)
187122 2682539
(2.5)

(7.0)

255575 3400903

pTkfbsTj
-s]=hL=x]S6/_
830
(0.7)
14336
(4.4)
13307

(0)

(3)

(3)

(4.7)

(6.2)

(1.4)

103733

1086852

10477

81625

885521

10849

(2)

(6)

(3)

(3.1)

(6.5)

(3.3)

;|f]t M s[lif ljsf; dGqfno

gf]6Msf]i7leqsf] c+sn] cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf ePsf] a[l4b/nfO{ k|ltztdf hgfpF5 .
8.11

8.12

8.13

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df t]nxg afnL -tf]/L, ;:o{", ;"o{d"vL cfbL _sf] pTkfbg
ut jif{ eGbf s/La ! k|ltztn] sdL cfO ! nfv &( xhf/ d]l6s 6g x'g]
cg'dfg 5 . If]qkmndf ;d]t s/La ! k|ltztn] sdL eO{ @ nfv !% xhf/ ^
;o x]S6/ k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . xfnsf aif{xdf ;'o{d"vLsf] pTkfbgdf s|dzM
j9\f]t/L x'b} cfPsf] ePtf klg tf]/Lsf] pTkfbgdf s]lx sdL cfPsfn] t]nafnL
pTkfbgdf sdL x'g uPsf] cg'dfg 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df cfn'sf] pTkfbg s/La & k|ltztn] a9\g uO{ @&
nfv %# xhf/ d]l6s 6g, If]qkmndf s]lx sdL cfO{ ! nfv ** xhf/ x]S6/
tyf pTkfbsTj s/La & k|ltztn] a9\g uO !$ xhf/ ^ ;o $% s]=lh= k|lt
x]S6/ x'g] cg'dfg 5 . cfn'afnLsf] pTkfbsTj ut aif{ afx]s ljutsf
aif{xb]lv g} pNn]Vo kdf a9b} uPsf] 5 . k|d'v gub] afnLsf] :yfg lng
pGd'v cfn' o;aif{ ;fdfGo j[l4 x'g] cg'dfg 5 . cfn' afnLsf] ahf/ d'No
xfnsf aif{xdf l;hgn kdf j9\g uPsf] 5 . o;f] x'gfsf] sf/0f d'VotM
pTkfbg nfut -Cost of Production) j9\g hfgfn] ePsf] cg'dfg 5 . g]kfndf
pTkflbt cfn' vfBfGgsf] kdf ;d]t s]lx lxdfnL lhNnfdf k|of]u ul//fv]sf]
ePtf klg xfnsf aif{xdf b]z leqsf] pTkfbgn] gk'u x'g] cj:yf b]lvPsf]
5.
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df kmnk"mnsf] pTkfbg !) nfv *& xhf/ d]l6s 6g
k'Ug] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . ut aif{ kmnk"mnsf] pTkfbg !) nfv #) xhf/ /x]sf]
lyof] . o;}ul/ o;sf] If]qkmndf ;fdfGo a[l4 eO{ ! nfv # xhf/ & ;o ##
x]S6/ k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . Aofa;flos s]/fv]tL a9\b} uPsf], ;'Gtnfsf] pTkfbgdf
104

a[l4 ePsf] / cfFksf] kmNg] aif{ ePsf sf/0f klg s'n kmnkm"n pTkfbg a9\g]
cg'dfg /x]sf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df t/sf/L afnLsf] pTkfbg s/La # k|ltztn] a9\\g uO{
ut jif{sf] ## nfv d]l6s 6g af6 #$ nfv d]l6s 6g k'Ug] cg'dfg ul/Psf]
5 . t/sf/L afnLn] 9fs]sf] If]qkmn @ nfv $^ xhf/ x]S6/ /xg] cg'dfg 5 .
k|d'v gub]afnLsf] kdf xfnsf lbgxdf a]df};ld t/sf/L v]tL ug{] k|rng
a9]sf sf/0f o;sf] If]qkmn tyf pTkfbgdf lg/Gt/ a[l4 x+'b} uPsf] 5 . h;n]
ubf{ t/sf/L afnLsf] pTkfbgdf ;+nUg s[ifssf] lhjg:t/df ;d]t pNn]Vo
;'wf/ cfPsf] 5 .
8.15 ;"lt{ afnL o; cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df % k|ltztn] 36\g uO{ @ xhf/ $ ;o
d]l6s 6g pTkfbg x'g] cg'dfg 5 . ljut jif{x b]lvg} o;sf] pTkfbg tyf
If]qkmn 36\g] qmdM hf/L /x]sf] 5 . o; jif{ o;sf] If]qkmn ;d]t 36g uO{ !
xhf/ * ;o x]S6/ /x]sf] cg'dfg 5 .
tflnsf * -u_ M cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] cf}Bf]lus afnLxsf] pTkfbgsf] k|f/lDes
l:ylt
cf}Bf]lus
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&)
cfly{s jif{ @)^*)^(
If]
q
kmn
pTkfbg
pTkfbsTj
If]
q
kmn
pTkfbg
pTkfbsTj
afnLx
8.14

bnxg
;'lt{
pv'
h'6
lrof
skmL
skf;
Dfx -3f/_
Rofp
/]zd sf]of

-x]S6/_

-df]l6s 6g_

-s]=hL=x]S6/_

-x]S6/_

333436
(00)

356743
(12)

10701
(12)

328272
(-1.8)

-df]l6s 6g_ -s]=hL=x]S6/_

327148
(2.8)

997
(4.7)

1800
(-5)

2430
(-53)

1350
(05)

1110
(-2.2)

1200
(-3.1)

1081
(-0.9)

64483
(0)

2930000
(2)

45438
(2)

64483
(2.4)

2869493
(5.6)

14336
(3.1)

11300
(7)
19056
(5)

15500
(7)
19225
(3)

1372
(0)
1009
(-2)

10540
(-0.2)
18149
(-0.1)

14424
(00)
18726
(5)

1369
(0.2)
1032
(5.1)

1804
(1)

460
(10)

255
(9)

1780
(13.5)

418
(24.4)

235
(9.6)

175
(30)
125000

150
(13)
1625
(8)
1600
(5)
40

857
(-13)

135
(3.7)
125000

133
(7.4)
1500
(.80)
1530
(7.7)
40
(5)

985
(40)

;|f]t M s[lif ljsf; dGqfno

gf]6Msf]i7 leqsf] c+sn] ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf ePsf] a[l4 b/nfO{ k|ltztdf hgfpF5 .
105

8.16

cfly{s jif{ @)^(^( df k|d'v cf}Bf]lus afnLsf] kdf /x]sf] pv'sf] If]qkmn
tyf pTkfbg s/La @ k|ltztn] a9\\g uO{ ^$ xhf/ $ ;o *# x]S6/df s/La
@( nfv #) xhf/ d]l6s 6g pTkfbg k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . ljutdf pv' laqmLdf
;d:of eO{ nfut p7fpg ;d]t d'lZsn k/]sf sf/0f s[ifsx pv' v]tLaf6
knfog x'g nfu]sf]df xfnsf lbgxdf lrgLsf] vkt tyf d"Nodf ;d]t a[l4
ePsf sf/0f k'gM s[ifsx o; v]tLtkm{ cfsif{s x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . h;sf
sf/0f o;sf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTjdf ;d]t a[l4 x'g cfPsf] 5 .

8.17

k"jf{~rnsf ^ j6f lhNnfx emfkf, df]/, ;'g;/L, ;Kt/L, l;/fxf tyf

pbok'/df dfq h'6 afnL v]tL ul/G5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df h'6 afnLsf]
If]qkmn tyf pTkfbg b'a}df s/La & k|ltztn] a9\g uO{ qmdzM !! xhf/ #
;o x]S6/ / !% xhf/ % ;o d]l6s 6g k'Ug]] cg'dfg 5 . h'6sf] lapsf]
pknAwtfdf ;d:of cfPsf sf/0f s]lx ;do klxn] o;sf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg
tyf pTkfbsTjdf sdL cfPsf] ePtf klg xfnsf lbgxdf o;df ;'wf/
cfPsf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df lrof, skmL tyf skf; h:tf cf}Bf]lus afnLxdWo]
slkmsf] pTkfbgdf s/La !) k|ltztn] a[l4 ePsf] 5 eg] ( k|ltztn]
pTkfbsTjdf a[l4 ePsf] 5 . t];|f] d'n'sdf x'g] slkmv]tLsf] lgsf;Lsf sf/0f
s[ifsx o;tkm{ cfslif{t ePsf] kfO{Ps]f 5 . lrofsf] pTkfbg sl/j #
k|ltztn] a9]sf]] 5 . skf; v]tL x'g] bf jfFs] / jlb{of lhNnfdf sl/j !&%
x]S6/df v]tL eO{ !%) d]l6s 6g pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . pTkfbg tyf If]qkmn
guGo ePsf sf/0f a[l4 c;fdfGo b]lvPsf] xf] .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df df}/L3f/ ut aif{sf] ! nfv @% xhf/sf] xf/fxf/Ld}
/xg] cg'dfg 5 . s'n dx pTkfbgdf cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df sl/j *
k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{ ! xhf/ ^ ;o @% d]l6s 6g /xg] cg'dfg 5 . cfw'lgs
df}/Lx ;]/]gf tyf df]nLkm]/f cflbdf a[l4 ePtf klg hnL df}/Lx d'9], vf]k]
cflbsf] 3f/df sdL cfPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .
s/La ^)) j6f g;{/L tyf sf7df8}f+ pkTosfdf /x]sf k'ik zf] d xaf6
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df s/La ?= ! ca{ a/fa/sf] k'ikv]tLsf] sf/f]af/ ePsf]
cg'dfg 5 . k'iksf] d'Nodf ePsf] a[l4sf sf/0f sf/]af/ cTolws b]lvg uPsf]
xf] . utaif{ o:tf] sf/]faf/ s/La ^^ s/f]8 dfq lyof] .
d'VotM zx/L If]qxdf nf]slk|o x'+b} uPsf] Rofpv]tL cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df
laleGg hftsf] Rofp pTkfbg s/La ! xhf/ ^ ;o d]l6s 6g x'g] cg'dfg 5 .
ut aif{sf] pTkfbg ! xhf/ % ;o #) d]l6s 6g lyof] . /]zd sf]ofsf]
pTkfbgdf utaif{ eGbf s]lx j[l4 eO{ o;aif{ $) d]l6s 6g k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 .

8.18

8.19

8.20

8.21

106

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df g]kfn sf] s'n bnxg -d';'/f], df;, /x/, rgf,
e6df;, uxt, v];/L / cGo_ sf] pTkfbg cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf s/La !@
k|ltztn] a9\g uO{ # nfv %& xhf/ d]l6s 6g x'g] cg'dfg 5 eg] If]qkmndf
s]lx sdL eO{ # nfv ## xhf/ x]S6/ k'Ug]] cg'dfg 5 . aiff{ ePsf sf/0f
cl;+lrt If]qkmndf nufOg] d;'/f] afnLsf] pTkfbg a9\g uPsf] ePtf klg /x/,
rgf cflbsf] pTkfbgdf s]xL sdL cfpgfn] ;du| bnxgsf] pTkfbg yf]/}dfq
a9\g uPsf] 5 . ;fy} df;, e6df;, l;ld, uxt, s]/fp cflb bfnsf] pTkfbg
utaif{ eGbf a9\g uPsf] 5 .
8.23 cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df ;Dk"0f{ d;nf afnLsf] pTkfbg tyf If]qkmn a9\g
uPsf] 5 . d;nf afnLx dWo] n;'gsf] pTkfbgdf $) k|ltzt, a];f/sf]
pTkfbgdf $! k|ltzt, v';f{gLsf] pTkfbgdf !$ k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 .
k|d'v lgof{t ul/g] afnL cn}lrdf utaif{ l5s{]km's{] /f]usf sf/0f If]qkmn tyf
pTkfbgdf sdL cfPsf] ePtf klg laleGg k|lalw / kl/of]hgfsf sf/0f pTkfbg
al9 x'g] lhNnfx d'ntM tfKn]h'8= / ;+v'jf;efdf pTkfbg a9\g uO{ !^
k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . t/ cb'jfsf] pTkfbgdf eg] s/La !) k|ltztsf] sdL
ePsf] 5 .
tflnsf * -3_ M cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] d;nf afnLxsf] pTkfbgsf] k|f/lDes l:ylt
Df;nfafnLx
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&)
cfly{s jif{ @)^*)^(
8.22

cb'jf
Nf;'g
a];f/
Vf';f{gL]
cn}rL

If]qkmn
-x]S6/_

pTkfbg
-df]l6s 6g_

pTkfbsTj
-s]=hL=x]S6/_

If]qkmn
-x]S6/_

pTkfbg
pTkfbsTj
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19049

228501

11995

20258

255208

12598

(-6)

(-10)

(-5)

(-8.3)

(-0.3)

(9.3)

7146

57022

7980

5911

41183

6967

(21)

(40)

(16)

(14)

(29)

(13)

5141

49649

9657

4325

35295

8161

(19)

(41)

(18)

(8.9)

(27.9)

(17.4)

7220

31252

4329

6691

27203

4066

(8)

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(6)

(6.1)

(7.4)

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13129

7000

533

14206

6026

424

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(16)

(26)

(9.9)

(39.4)

(26.9)

;|f]t M s[lif ljsf; dGqfno

gf]6Msf]i7 leqsf] c+sn] ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf ePsf] a[l4 b/nfO{ k|ltztdf hgfpF5 .

kz'k+IfL ;+Vof
8.24

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df s'n ufO{uf] sf] ;+Vof sl/j &@ nfv &% xhf/
k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 . h'g ut cfly{sjif{sf] t'ngfdf )=$! k|ltztn] a9\g] cg'dfg
5 . s'n ufO{uf];+Vof dWo] b"w lbg] ufO{sf] ;+Vof !) nfv @^ xhf/ cyf{t
107

!$=! k|ltzt /xsf] 5 eg] o;sf] a[l4 b/ @=^& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . To:t}
e};L/f+ufsf] ;+Vofdf s/La @=!# k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{ %@ nfv $@ xhf/ k'Ug]
cg'dfg 5 . s'n e}+;L/fFuf] sf] ;+Vof dWo] b"w lbg] e}+;Lsf] ;+Vof !# nfv &)
xhf/ -@^=!$ k|ltzt_ x'g] cg'dfg 5 . b"w lbg] e}+;Lsf] ;+Vof ut jif{sf]
t'ngfdf @=($ k|ltztn] a[l4 x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . e]8fe]8Lsf] ;+Vof
s/La * nfv ( xhf/ / afv|faf]sfsf] ;+Vof (& nfv *^ xhf/ /xg] cg'dfg
5 . h'g ut jif{sf] bfFhf]df qmdzM e]+8fe]+8L )=@* k|ltztn] / afv|faf]sfsf]
;+Vofdf @=*& k|ltztn] a[l4 x'g] b]lvG5 . ;+'u'/a+u'/sf] ;+Vofdf ut cfly{s
jif{sf] bfFhf]df s/La @=) k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{ !! nfv ^) xhf/ k'Ug] cg'dfg
5.
tflnsf * -_ M kz'k+IfLsf] ;+Vofsf] ljj/0f
cfly{s jif{
ljj/0f

ufO{

e}+;L

e]+8f

afv|f

a+u'/

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xfF;

@)^^^&

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7199708

7226050

7249173

7274545

(0.34)

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4832654

4995650

5140506

5242288

(3.25)

(3.33)

(2.94)

(2.13)

801371

805070

807083

809504

(-0.20)

(0.46)

(0.25)

(0.28)

8844172

9186440

9519010

9785542

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1064858

1108465

1130915

1160250

(1.95)

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(2)

25760373

39530620

44610305

47956078

(5.22)

(53.46)

(12.85)

(6.17)

379553

378050

376916

375974

(-0.93)

(-0.40)

(-0.30)

(-0.25)

108

cfly{s jif{
ljj/0f

b"w lbg] ufO{

b"w lbg] e}+;L

km'n kfg]{ s'v'/f

km'n kfg]{ xfF;

@)^^^&

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954680

974122

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1252770

1291644

1331039

1370120

(3.41)

(3.1)

(3.05)

(2.94)

7290875

7478645

7897449

8233091

(2.34)

(2.58)

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175300

175150

174980

174718

(-2.17)

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gf]6M sf]i7 leqsf] c+sn] ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf ePsf] j[l4nfO{ k|ltztdf hgfpFb5 .
;|f]tM s[lif ljsf; dGqfno dGqfno .
8.25

cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df s'v'/fsf] ;+Vof s/La ^=!&
k|ltztn] a9\g uO{ $ s/f]8 *) nfv k'Ug]] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfndf
a|f]On/ s'v'/f Joj;fo km:6fp+b} uPsf] tYof+sn] k'li6 ub{5 . ut cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( dfq sl/j ( nfv ** xhf/ dfpm a|f]On/ rNnf / sl/j ! nfv (
xhf/ c08f kfg]{ dfpm rNnf cfoft ePsf] cg'dfg 5 . xfF;sf] ;+Vof )=@%
k|ltztn] 36\g uO{ cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df sl/j # nfv &^ xhf/ k'Ug]
cg'dfg 5 . s'n s'v'/f sf] ;+Vof dWo] km'nlbg] s'v'/Lsf] ;+Vof *@ nfv ##
xhf/ x'g] cg'dfg 5 eg] s'n xfF; ;+Vof dWo] km'n lbg] xfF;sf] ;+Vof ! nfv
&% xhf/ /x]sf] cg'dfg 5 . o:t} rfn' cfly{s jif{ df ofsgfsrf}+/L tyf
v/fof]sf] ;+Vof s|dz ^(*%% / !%#%) k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 eg]
3f]8fvRr8uwfsf] ;+Vof $( xhf/ @ ;o k'Ug] cg'dfg 5 .

kz'k+IfLhGo pTkfbgsf] l:ylt

8.26

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df ufO{ / e}+;L -gfs / rf}/L jfx]s_ jf6 s'n !^ nfv
*! xhf/ d]l6s 6g b"w pTkfbg x'g] cg'dfg 5 . h'g cl3NNff] jif{sf] t'ngfdf
s/La #=^ k|ltztn] j9L] 5 . s'n b"w pTkfbg dWo] ufO{jf6 @(=# k|ltzt /
e}+;Ljf6 &)=& k|ltzt of]ubfg /x]sf] cg'dfg 5 . g]kfnsf] s'n df;' pTkfbg
ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf @=^ k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{ @ nfv (% xhf/ d]l6s 6g x'g]
cg'dfg 5 . s'n df;' pTkfbgdWo] /f+ufe}+;Ljf6 %(=# k|ltzt, e]+8fjf6 )=(
109

k|ltzt, v;Laf]sfjf6 !*=* k|ltzt, a+u'/jf6 ^=# k|ltzt, s'v'/fjf6 !$=^

k|ltzt / xf+;jf6 )=! k|ltzt df;' pTkfbg x'g] cg'dfg 5 .
tflnsf * -r_ M kz'k+IfLhGo pTkfbgsf] l:ylt
ljj/0f
@)^%^^ @)^^^&
b"w pTkfbg -df]l6s 6g_
413919
429129
ufO{
e}+;L 1031500 1068300
hDdf 1445419 1497429
df;' pTkfbg -df]l6s 6g_
156627
162358
/f+ufe}+;L
2711
2705
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48472
50315
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16992
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16662
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226
225
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241690
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km'n pTkfbg -xhf/_
616312
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13628
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hDdf 629940 648100
583776
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pmg pTkfbg -s]=hL=_
;|f]tM s[lif ljsf; dGqfno .

8.27

cfly{s jif{
@)^&^* @)^*^(

@)^(&)

447185

468913

492377

1109325

1153838

1188716

1556510

1622751

1681093

167868

172413

175145

2722

2720

2721

52809

53956

55583

17923

18277

18709

36085

40346

43112

218

217

216

277625

287929

295486

691070

773950

825890

13065

13060

13050

704135

787010

838940

586232

586975

587850

s'n k'mn pTkfbg ut jif{sf] &* s/f]8 &) nfv uf]6fjf6 $=^( k|ltztn] a[l4
eO{ cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df *# s/f]8 *( Nffv uf]6f x'g] cg'dfg 5 . h;
dWo] s'v'/fjf6 *@ s/f]8 ^) nfv uf]6f / xf+;jf6 ! s/f]8 #) nfv uf]6f /xg]
cg'dfg 5 . o:t} e]+8fe]+8Lsf] pmgsf] pTkfbg eg] % ;o ** d]l6s 6g k'Ug]
cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

If]qkmn, pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTjdf 36a9 x'gfsf k|d'v sf/0fx

8.28

df};dsf] k|efj wfgsf] pTkfbg 36\g'sf] d'Vo sf/0f l9nf] tyf sdhf]/ dg;'g
g} xf] . ;fdfGotof h'g !) tfl/v df z'x'g] dg;'g cfly{s jif{ @)^(&)
df s]lxlbg l9nf z' ePsf] / >fj0f dlxgfsf] z'df s]lx sdhf]/ /x]sf]
ePtf klg >fj0fsf] cGTolt/af6 slxn] ;lqmo / slxn] lgliqmo x'g] qmd hf/L
/x\of] . cflZjgsf] dWo;Dd aiff{ ePtf klg clwsf+z k"la{ tyf dWo t/fO{{sf
lhNnfx d'ntM l;/fxf, ;Kt/L, wg'iff, dxf]Q/L cflb lhNnfdf wfg pTkfbg
110

lgs} sd x'g uof] . klZrdfGrn tyf kxf8L lhNnfdf utaif{sf] t'ngfdf

wfgsf] /f]kfO{ ePsf] If]qkmn Pj+ pTkfbsTj b'a} a9\g uPtf klg ;du|df
wfgsf] If]qkmn tyf pTkfbgdf lu/fj6 cfPsf]] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df
cf};t eGbf lgs} sd aiff{ ePsfn] / aiff{sf] lat/0f ;d]t /fd|f] gePsf sf/0f
g]kfnsf] s'n wfg, ds} cflb afnLsf] pTkfbgdf gsf/fTds k|efj k/]sf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df lxpFb] afnL vf;u/L ux'F, hf}+, bnxg- d;'/f],
s]/fp_cflb tyf kmnkm"nxsf] nflu df};d cg's'n /x]sf] 5 . o;aif{ l8;]Da/
tyf hgj/Ldf aiff{ cf};t eGbf sd ePsf] ePtf kgL cS6f]a/ / gf]e]Da/ sf]
aiff{ tyf df6f]df lr:ofg sfod /x]sf sf/0f afnL /fd|f] /x]sf] 5 .
tflnsf * -5_ M s[lif pTkfbg;u ;DalGwt ;fwgxsf] cfk"lt{sf] l:ylt
cfly{s jif{
laa/0f

/f;folgs dn -d]l6s 6g_

pGgt aLp lahg - d]l6s 6g _
l;rfO{ -yk x]S6/_
s[lif shf{ -?=s/f]8df_

062/63 063/64 064/65 065/66 066/67 067/68 068/69

8136

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3285

3157

3514

3380

3781

3947

42178 29604 146584

4337

4393

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18402 26967.5 14099

25850

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1337.6 1429.1 1419.2

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;|f]t M ljut jif{sf cfly{s ;j]{If0fx .

8.29

8.30

pGgt k|lalwsf] k|efj cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df s[lifIf]qdf lasf; x'b}uPsf

pGgt k|lalwx Hf:t}M pGgt lap, dnvfb, cf}iflw, v]tL ug{] pks/0f tyf
tl/sf, tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm cflbsf sf/0f pTkfbg w]/} 36\g gkfPsf]] cg'dfg
ul/Psf] 5 . l;kmf/Lz ul/Psf wfgsf hftx h:t} t/fO{{df ;flaqL, laGb]Zj/L,
/fwf $ / !@, dWo kxf8df v'dn $, !),!! tyf pRr kxf8df rGbggfy
cflbsf] pTkfbsTj :yfgLo hftsf] eGbf bf]Aa/ /x]sf] kfO{Psf] 5 eg] oL
l;kmf/Lz ul/Psf wfgsf hftxn] 9fs]sf] If]qkmn () k|ltzt eGbf klg al9
/x]sf] 5 . o;}ul/ l;kmf/Lz u/]sf] ds}sf] lapn] ;d]t () k|ltzt eGbf klg
a9L If]qkmndf nufOPsf] 5 .
k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf] k|efj ljut aif{xsf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df
af9Lklx/f], 8'jfg, s6fg, xfjfx'/L, cl;gf h:tf sf/0fn] aif]a{ fnLdf kfg{] c;/
cToGt sd /x]sf] 5 . o;aif{ s/La % ;o x]S6/ hldgdf dfq 8'afg, s6fg
tyf afn'jfn] k'/]/ Iflt k'Ug uPsf] 5 . o;}ul/ s/La ! nfv !) xhf/ x]S6/df
cNka[li6sf sf/0f wfg /f]kfO{ g} x'g ;s]g . ljutaif{xsf] t'ngfdf o;aif{
v8]/L afx]ssf k|sf]kaf6 ePsf] ;du| /fli6o Iflt lgs} sd b]lvPsf] 5 . s[lif
afnLnfO{ k|d'v kdf k|efj kfg{ k|fs[lts k|sf]kxdf af9L klx/f], 8'afg tyf
;'Vvf /x]sf 5g\ . logaf6 k/]sf] ;du| k|efjnfO{ tflnsf * -h_ df k|:t't
ul/Psf] 5 .
111

tflnsf * -h_ M k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 k|efljt If]qkmn -x]S6/_

Kf|eflat
s[lifj:t'
wfg
Dfs}
sf]bf]
hDdf

2063

2064

2065

2066

2067

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94522

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8.31

/f;folgs dnsf] k|efj cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ut aif{sf] t'ngfdf

/f;folgs dnsf] lalqm tyf k|ltx]S6/ k|of]ub/df -s/La $& s]=hL=_ Jofks
a[l4 ePsf] 5 . lglZrt kl/df0fsf] dnsf] d"Nodf utaif{b]lv g]kfn ;/sf/n]
cg'bfg lbg yfn]sfn] d"No sd b]lvPsf] xf] . cfly{s jif{ @)^!^@ df ul/Psf]
Agriculture Sector Performance Review n] hDdf vkt x'g] dnsf] b'O{ltxfO{ dn
cgf}krfl/s ;|f]taf6 cfpg] lgisif{ lgsfn]sf] 5 . lb3{sflng s[lif of]hgfsf]
nIf cg';f/ o;aif{ s/La & nfv d]l6s 6g dn cfjZos kg{] ePtf klg s[lif
;fdu|L sDkgLn] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( s/La ! nfv $^ xhf/ d]l6s 6g dn
dfq lalqm lat/0f u/]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g d;fGt;Dd
s/La s/La (^ xhf/ d]l6s 6g dn lalqm lat/0f eO{;s]sf] 5 . ljutsf
jif{xdf k|of]u x'b} cfPsf] Pdf]gLod ;Nkm]6, P=lk=P;=, Pg=lk=, P;=P;=lk=
dnx k|of]udf cfPsf 5}gg\ t/ eld{s sDkf]i6 nf]slk|o jGb} cfPsf] 5 .
l5d]sL d'n's ef/tdf dndf k|z:t cg'bfg /x]sf] / v'nf l;dfgfsf sf/0f
;lhn} dn g]kfn lelqg] u/]sf] 5 .
tflnsf * -em_ M /f;folgs dnsf] ljlqmljt/0f l:ylt
d]l6s 6gdf

Dfnsf] gfd

cfly{s jif{

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2065/66 2066/67 2067/68 2068/69 2069/70 *

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112

8.32

hn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0fM hn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f ljefun] cfktsflng

arfp, hn pTkGg k|sf]k Go"lgs/0f, k|fs[lts >f]t ;+/If0f, ju/ tyf af9L
k|efljt If]qsf] pkof]u, ;+:yfut Joj:yf / ljsf;nfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ sfo{qmd
;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . d'Vo kdf af9L, klx/f], gbL s6fg, u]u|fg jxfa,
8'jfgsf If]qdf sfo{ x'b} cfPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& af6 ;' ePsf]
hgtfsf] t6aGw sfo{qmdn] t/fO{{sf !) j6f gbLx Aoal:yt kdf gbL
lgoGq0f ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dddf !$ j6f gbLdf
t6aGw lgdf0f{ sfo{ eO/x]sf] 5 . r'/] kxf8sf] km]bL b]lv g]kfn ef/t l;df;Dd
gbLn] ug]{ c;/sf] cWoog u/L qmlds kdf k|fyldstfsf] cfwf/df ;Dk"0f{
gbLsf] lgoGq0f tyf Aoa:yfkg ug{ u'of]hgf th'{df u/L sfo{Gjog cuf8L
a9]sf] 5 . O{lGhlgol/ tyf afof]O{lGhlgol/ k|ljlwsf] ;dfof]hg u/L
sfo{Gjog ul/b} hfg] gLlt /x]sf] 5 . ef/tLo ;xof]uaf6 afudtL, nfnas}of,
sdnf / ufug gbLxsf] t6aGw sfo{ eO{ /x]sf] 5 eg] af0fu+ufsf] sfd
cfly{s jif{ @)^*)^( b]lv z' ePsf] 5 . ;+/rgf ;+/If0f sfo{ cGt/ut
l;Gw'nLjlb{af; ;8s ef}lts ;+/rgfxsf] klx/f] tyf u]u|fg axfjaf6 arfj
ulN5 lgoGq0f sfo{ / klx/f] lgoGq0f sfo{x ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .

8.33

l;+rfO{M s[lif pTkfbgdf j[l4 Nofpg ljut jif{x b]lv l;l~rt If]qkmnsf]
lj:tf/ sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg] k|of; ePsf] 5 . b]zsf] s'n s[lif of]Uo
hldg @^ nfv $! xhf/ x]S6/ dWo] s'n !& nfv ^^ xhf/ x]S6/ l;+rfO of]Uo
hldgdf ;tx l;+rfO k|0ffnL tyf e"ldut l;+rfO k|0ffnLxsf] lgdf{0f u/L
Jojl:yt l;+rfO ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] sfo{s|d ;~rfng eO{ /x]sf 5g\ .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df gofF l;+rfO of]hgfxaf6 #@ xhf/ % ;o ^% x]S6/
/ s[ifs s'nf] ;'wf/af6 !% xhf/ @ ;o #) x]S6/ ;d]t hDdf $& xhf/ & ;o
(% x]S6/ hldgdf yk l;+rfO ;'ljwf pknAw ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^&^*
df #% xhf/ & ;o $* x]S6/df yk l;+rfO ;'ljwf pknAw ePsf]df cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df clwNnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf ##=& k|ltztn] yk lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf !& xhf/ $ / $& x]S6/ hldgdf
yk l;+rfO ;'ljwfsf] Aoj:yf ul/Psf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf
( xhf/ % ;o *% x]S6/df l;+rfO ;'ljwf yk ePsf] 5, h'g ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf
s/La $( k|ltztn] sdL b]lvG5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf
e"ldut :ofnf] 6\o"jj]nsf] l;+lrt If]q dfq ;dfj]z ul/Psf] sf/0f sdL ePsf]
xf] .

113

tflnsf * -`_ M yk l;+rfO{ lj:tf/

!
s
v
@
s
v
;|f]t

gofF l;+rfO
ef}}uf]lns
If]q
kxf8
^%)#
t/fO{
@^)^@
hDdf
#@%^%
lsl;d
;tx
!)))%
e"ldut
@@%^)
hDdf
#@%^%
M l;+rfO{ dGqfno

8.34

-If]qkmn x]S6/df_
k|yd cf7 dlxgf
cfly{s jif{
cfly{s jif{

s[ifs s'nf]
;'wf/

@)^*)^(

@)^*)^(

@)^(&)

(())
%##)
!%@#)

!^$)#
#!#(@
$&&(%

!#$%
!^!)@
!&$$&

))))
(%*%
(%*%

!%@#)

@%@#%
@@%^)
$&&(%

!@(#%
$%!@
!&$$&

))))
(%*%
(%*%

cfly{s jif{

!%@#)

s[lif shf{M cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df jfl0fHo a}+sxn] k|jfx u/]sf] s[lif C0f
dWo] hDdf ?= @* ca{ &( s/f]8 c;'n ug{ afFsL /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{
@)^&^* df o:tf a}+sxaf6 k|jfx ePsf] s[lif C0f ?= !* ca{ @& s/f]8
c;'n ug{ afFsL lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ?= $
ca{ (& s/f]8 jSof}tf /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf
o:tf] s[lif C0fsf] aSof}tfdf #)=( k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= * ca{ *( s/f]8
k'u]sf] 5 .
tflnsf * -6_ M jfl0fHo a}+sxn] k|jfx u/]sf] s[lif shf{sf] l:ylt
-?= bz nfvdf_
k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ePsf] kl/jt{g

shf{sf] lsl;d
v]tLkftL ;DaGwL
;]jf
lrof
kz'kfng /
kz'kfng;DaGwL ;]jf
jg, df5fkfng tyf
jwzfnf
cGo s[lif tyf
s[lifhGo ;]jf
hDdf

06768 06869 06970

**

06869 06970 06869 06970

-/sd_

-k|ltzt_

-/sd_

-k|ltzt_

2048.7

2797.9

6224.6

599.0

29.2

3426.7

122.5

1311.0

1757.2

1967.2

136.6

10.4

210.0

12.0

2081.8

4382.5

11646.6

941.0

45.2

7264.1

165.8

193.6

258.7

475.9

17.7

9.2

217.2

83.9

12643.5

19597.7

17370.6

3285.3

26.0

-2227.1

-11.4

18278.5

28794.1

37685.0

4979.5

27.2

8890.9

30.9

gf]6M * ckl/is[t ** @)^( kmfu'g;Ddsf] .

;|f]tM g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

114

8.35

8.36

8.37

;xsf/Ldf cfwfl/t v]tLM blnt tyf ;fdlhskdf lakGg Pa+d lk5l8Psf]

hflt, hghflt,dlxnf, ;'s'Daf;L,l;dfGts[t tyf d'Qm sd}of / e'ldlxg
s[ifsxnfO[ nlIft u/L, rf/ lhNnfs s}nfnL, afs], alb{of / bfdf
s'v'/fkfng tyf a+u'/kfngdf ;xsf/L v]tL sfo{sd z' ePsf] 5 . xfn rf/
lhNnfxsf cltl/St ;Kt/L, emfkf, df]/, ;nf{xL, pbok'/, /fd]5fk, wflb,
l;Gw'kfnrf]s, :of~hf, bf]nvf, sfe|], wg'iff, eStk'/, gank/f;L, ndh', ka{t,
l;Gw'nL, k;f{, dsjfgk'/, dxf]Tt/L / afun'df u/L @^ lhNnfxdf ;xsf/L
v]tL sfo{s|d ;+rfngdf cfPsf 5g\ . o; sfo{s|daf6 s[ifsxsf] cfo
cfh{gdf a[l4 ePsf] / ;xsf/L efjgfsf] lasf; ePsf] 5 .
dT:o ljsf; sfo{qmdM cfly{s aif{ @)^*^( df b]zsf ljleGg :yfgxdf
/x]sf dT:o ljsf; s]Gb|xaf6 cfgf] k|efj If]qsf lhNnfxdf dT:o kfngdf
;+nUg s[ifsxnfO{ dT:o aLhsf] kdf s'n ! nfv @@ xhf/ % ;o !% xhf/
uf]6f Xofrln, !% xhf/ ! ;o %) xhf/ uf]6f k|mfO{, ^ xhf/ * ;o ^* xhf/
uf]6f lkm+u/ln tyf @& xhf/ uf]6f ;f}Gbo{ df5f e'/f ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 .
o;}ul/ vfg] df5f tkm{ @%=& d]l6s 6g pTkfbg ul/ ljlqm ul/Psf] 5 . cfly{s
aif{ @)^*^( df kf]v/Ldf &#)), wfg v]tdf !)), OGSnf]h/df !)) /
3f]ndf @% xhf/ x]S6/ hnfzo If]qkmn Pj+ ^) xhf/ 3gld6/ s]h / )=()
x]S6/ /]zj] kf]v/Ldf 6fp6 dT:okfng eO{ s'n #@ xhf/ $ ;o ^) d]l6s 6g
vfg] df5f pTkfbg ePsf] cg'dfg 5 . To;}tl/ k|fs[lts hnfzox gbL, tfn,
l/h/Ejfo/, 3f]n / l;+lrt wfgv]tdf dT:o ljsf; Pj+ Joj:yfkgaf6 @!
xhf/ % ;o d]l6s 6g u/L /fli6o :t/df s'n %# xhf/ ( ;o ^) d]l6s 6g
df5f pTkfbg ePsf] cg'dfg 5 . of] pTkfbgn] xfn g]kfndf k|ltjif{ k|lt
JolQmn] s/La @ s]=hL df5f pkef]u ug{ ;Sg] b]lvG5 .
;xsf/L v]tL ;fgf l;+rfO{ M cfly{s aif{ @)^*^( df ;xsf/Ldf cfwfl/t
;fgf l;+rfO{ l:sd ;+rfng tkm{ gofF lgdf{0f ! ;o !* / k'/fgf] dd{t ^! u/L
hDdf ! ;o &( j6f, ;fgf l;+rfO{ lgdf{0f tyf dd{t ;Def/ tkm{ gofF lgdf{0f
! xhf/ & ;o @@ / k'/fgf] dd{t * ;o @ u/L hDdf @ xhf/ % ;o @$ j6f,
;xsf/L v]tL l:sd tkm{ *# j6f, @!^*=*$ d]l6s 6g /f;folgs dn 9'jfgL
cg'bfg, &@=^@ d]l6s 6g pGgt aLp 9'jfgL cg'bfgdf ljt/0f ug]{ sfo{
;+DkGg ePsf 5g\ . o;af6 ;xsf/Ldf cfwfl/t ;fgf l;+rfO{ l:sd cGt{ut
s'n @ xhf/ @ ;o !$ x]S6/ If]qkmndf l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf k'uL * xhf/ & ;o *
s[ifs 3/kl/jf/, ;fgf l;+rfO{ lgdf{0f tyf dd{t ;Def/ cGt{ut s'n !# xhf/
! ;o *# x]S6/ If]qkmndf l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf k'uL %^ xhf/ %* s[ifs 3/kl/jf/
tyf ;xsf/L v]tL l:sd cGt{ut s'n ! xhf/ ! ;o @^ x]S6/ If]qkmndf
;xsf/L v]tL ul/ % xhf/ ! ;o @@ s[ifs 3/kl/jf/ nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ .
To;}ul/ s[lif oflGqs/0f tyf s[lif kmfd{ ;+/rgf ljsf;sf] dfWodaf6
lgjf{xd'vL s[lif k|0ffnLnfO{ k|lt:kwf{Tds Joj;flos s[lif k|0ffnLdf kfGt/0f
115

u/L vfB ;'/Iff tyf ul/aL lgjf/0fdf 6]jf k'ofpg] p2]Zosf ;fy 88]nw'/fdf
% nfv ln6/ Ifdtfsf] ;fd'bflos kfgL kf]v/L lgdf{0f ug]{ sfo{ eO{/x]sf] 5 eg]
;Kt/L, kfNkf, kGb]xL, u'NdL lhNnfxdf ljleGg s[lif oflGqs/0f k|ljlw
k|bz{gL u/L s/La * ;o s[ifsxn] pQm k|ljlw ;DaGwL 1fg xfl;n u/]sf
5g\ .

s[lif ljsf;df ;+nUg ;+:yfx

;fgf ls;fg ljsf; a}+s ln=
u|fdL0f If]qsf ;fgf ls;fgxf/f :yflkt / ;~rflnt ;fgf ls;fg s[lif
;xsf/L ;+:yf tyf cGo n3'ljQ ;+:yfxdfkm{t s[lif tyf s[lif Joa;fodf
cfwfl/t n3'ljQ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ yf]s shf{ pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf]
;fgf ls;fg ljsf; a}+s;Fu cfj4 ;+:yf tyf tL ;+:yfdf ;+nUg ;fgf
ls;fgxsf] Ifdtf ljsf;sf nflu ;fdflhs;fd'bflos ljsf; sfo{qmd,
kz'wg ;'/If0f sfo{qmd, ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf/L cg';/0f tyf ;]jf lj:tf/
sfo{qmd, tflnd uf]i7L cflb sfo{qmd ;~rfng x'b}{ cfPsf] 5 .
tflnsf * -7_ M ;fgf ls;fg ljsf; a}+s lnld6]8sf] C0f tyf nufgLsf] l:ylt

8.38

-?= nfvdf_

cfly{s jif{

ljj/0f
lhNnf
;+:yf ;+Vof
;d'x
;b:o
s'n :yfgLo >f]t
/sd
:jLs[t C0f /sd
C0f nufgL /sd
C0f c;'nL /sd
nufgLdf /x]sf]
/sd

k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]

k|utL

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2068/69

2069/70

39

40

41

43

42

49

224

234

251

291

268

343

22313

24412

28423

31968

29982

36040

140962

159767

189899

228418

208780

266667

12816

19021

29929

41033

35239

50811

10760

10804

15427

27550

18981

20815

6349

9558

18709

26738

15500

19624

13276

5924

11095

18751

9963

14578

7527

11161

18775

26762

24312

31808

;|f]tM ;fgf ls;fg ljsf; a}+s ln= .

8.39

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf $@ lhNnfsf @ ;o ^* ;xsf/L

;+:yfx cfj4 /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf & lhNnf /
&% ;xsf/L ;+:yf yk eO{ s'n $( lhNnfsf #$# ;xsf/L ;+:yfxdf ;]jf
k'u]sf]] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{
116

)^(&) df a}+ssf] ;]jfdf ;d]6LPsf] kl/jf/ ;+Vofdf @* k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{

s'n ;b:o ;+Vof @ nfv ^^ xhf/ ^ ;o ^& k'Ug uO{ em08} !# nfv hg;+Vof
nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ . shf{ nufgL rfn' cfly{s aif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7
dlxgfdf ut aif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf @& k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{ ?= ! ca{
(^ s/f]8 @$ nfv k'u]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf
:jLs[t C0f ?= ! ca{ *( s/f]8 *! nfv ePsf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xL
cjlwdf ?= @ ca{ * s/f]8 !% nfv ePsf] 5 . o; cjlwdf C0f c;'nL $^
k|ltztn] a[l4 ePsf] 5 eg] nufgLdf /x]sf] C0f /sd ?= &$ s/f]8 (^ nfvn]
a[l4 eO{ ?= # ca{ !* s/f]8 * nfv k'u]sf] 5 . ;fgf ls;fg ;b:oxsf]
z]o/, art / hu]8f sf]if ?= % ca{ * s/f]8 !! nfv / a}+ssf] nufgL af6
;fgf ls;fg ;xsf/L ;+:yf If]qdf s'n ?= * ca{ @^ s/f]8 eGbfa9L k'Flh
kl/rfngdf /x]sf] 5 .
8.40

8.41

g]kfn ;/sf/sf] C0f ;xof]udf ;fgf ls;fgxnfO{ kz'kfng sfo{df k|f]T;flxt

u/L] df;'hGo kbfy{sf] cfoft k|lt:yfkg ug{ b]zleq} df;'hGo kbfy{sf] pTkfbg
a9fpg] p2]Zon] cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* b]lv df;'hGo kz'kfng shf{ sfo{qmd
;~rfng ul/b}{ cfPsf] 5 . @)^& r}q dlxgfsf] cGToaf6 nufgL sfo{ k|f/De
ul/Psf]] o; sfo{qmddf s'n !* xhf/ ls;fgnfO{ ?= ! ca{ % s/f]8 df;'hGo
kz'kfng shf{ nufgL cGtu{t rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]
cjlw;Dddf @ ;o % ;+:yfsf em08} %( xhf/ ls;fgxaf6 ?= b'O{ ca{ %)
s/f]8 kz'kfng shf{sf] dfu ePsf] 5 . a}+sn] @ ;o $ ;+:yfsf em08} $*
xhf/ ls;fgnfO{ nufgL ug{ ?= b'O{ ca{ @^ s/f]8 shf{ :jLs[t u/]sf] 5 .
:jLs[t shf{ dWo] @ ;o @ ;+:yfsf @$ xhf/ % ;o ^ hgf ls;fgnfO{ ?= Ps
ca{ %% s/f]8 shf{ k|jfx eO{ ;f] /sdaf6 ls;fgxn] ! nfv !& xhf/ ((!
kz'j:t' kfng u/]sf 5g\ . nufgL ePsf] C0f dWo] *& xhf/ afv|f, !$ xhf/
a+u'/, ^ xhf/ kf8fkf8L / !! xhf/ e};L u/L s'n ! nfv !* xhf/ df;'hGo
kz'kfngsf nflu C0f k|jfx ePsf] 5 . clxn];Dd nufgL ePsf] C0fdf afv|f
$* k|ltzt, a+u'/ ( k|ltzt, kf8fkf8L % k|ltzt / e};Lkfngdf #* k|ltzt
/sd nufgL ePsf] 5 . kz'kfng shf{af6 kflnPsf kz'j:t'xaf6 aflif{s
kdf ?= tLg ca{ eGbf a9Lsf] df;' tyf b'UwhGo kbfy{ pTkfbg ePsf]
cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cg'bfg ;xof]udf ;~rflnt ;d'bfo:t/sf] kz'wg ;'/If0f
sfo{qmdaf6 cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= @@ s/f]8 %@ nfv d'Nosf !$ xhf/
@ ;o (( kz'sf] ;'/If0f -ljdf_ ul/Psf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7
dlxgfdf ?= !! s/f]8 &) nfv d'Nosf !$ xhf/ kz'sf] ;'/If0f ePsf] 5 . o;}
u/L ;fgf ls;fg ;xsf/L cg';/0f sfo{qmd cGtu{t $) j6f ;xsf/L
:yfkgfsf] qmddf /x]sf 5g\ eg] !& j6f ;xsf/Lsf] Ifdtf ljsf; sfo{
eO/x]sf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{df kz'kfng shf{ k|j4{g sfo{qmd, tflnd uf]i7L
117

tyf ;fdflhs ;fd'bflos sfo{qmd ;~rfng af6 &) xhf/ kl/jf/ nfeflGjt
ePsf 5g\ .
8.42

ljQLo If]q ;'wf/ sfo{qmd cGtu{t PlzofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] ;xof]udf Rural
Finance Sector Development Cluster Programme-I cGtu{t a}+ssf] ;"rgf k|ljlw
If]q ljsf;sf nflu Hardware vl/b ;DkGg u/L Software h8fg sfo{ eO/x]sf]
5 . o; sfo{qmd cGtu{t sdhf]/ sfo{;Dkfbg:t/ ePsf ^) ;+:yfsf]
k'g;+/rgf sfo{ ul/Psf]df %$ ;+:yfxsf] ck]lIft ;'wf/df pT;fxa4{s
;kmntf ldn]sf] 5 . To:t} bf];|f] r/0f cGt/ut ADB sf] ljQLo tyf k|fljlws
;xof]usf nflu ;Demf}tf e} sfof{Gjogsf] r/0fdf /x]sf] 5 . o; sfo{qmd
cGtu{t kxf8L / lxdfnL @% lhNnfsf ^) ;+:yfaf6 #) xhf/ kl/jf/df
n3'ljQ ;]jf lj:tf/ ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]sf]df clxn];Dd tL lhNnfsf !@@ ;+:yf
dfkm{t Ps nfv % xhf/ kl/jf/df ;]jf lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 . u|fdL0f a]/f]huf/L
sd ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ;~rflnt o'jf tyf ;fgf Joj;foL :j/f]huf/
sf]if;Fu ;xsfo{ ;d]t z' ul/Psf] 5 .

g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb\\

8.43

g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb\n] /fli6o s[lif gLlt @)^! tyf bL3{sfnLg s[lif
of]hgf @)%@ cg'k cfw'lgs s[lif k|ljlwsf] ljsf; dfkm{t pTkfbg tyf
pTkfbsTj j[l4sf] ;fy} pTkfbg nfut 36fO{ s[ifssf] hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/
u/L /fli6o cy{tGqnfO{ 6]jf k'ofpg] gLlt cjnDag u/]sf] 5 . o;n] s[lif tyf
kz' hGo j:t'sf] pTkfbg tyf pbkfbsTjsf] clej[l4, Joj;flos /
k|lt:kwf{Tds s[lif k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; / k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf jftfj/0fsf] ;+/If0f,
;Da4{g Pj+ ;b'kof]u nfO{ hf]8 lb+b} cfPsf] 5 . vfBfGg afnLx vf; u/L
wfg, ds}, ux'F, cfn'df pTkfbsTj / pTkfbg j[l4df s[lif cg';Gwfgn] dxTjk"0f{
of]ubfg k'ofPsf] 5 . o;sf] kl/0ffd :jk g]kfnsf] vfB ;'/Iffdf 6]jf k'u]sf]
5 . To:t} u/L t/sf/L afnLsf] pTkfbg pNn]vLo kdf a9g'sf ;fy} a]df};dL
t/sf/Lsf] pknAwtfdf j[l4 ePsf] 5 .

8.44

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf wfgsf gofF hftxdf dWo
kxf8, lelq dw]z / j];Lsf] nflu Pg= cf/= !!()@$$@@@#, /fwf !#,
;'Vvf ;xg ;Sg] ;'VVff wfg $, ;'Vvf wfg %, / ;'Vvf wfg ^ pGdf]rgsf]
nflu l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] 5 . kxf8sf] nflu kx]+nf] l;Gb'/] /fu cj/f]wL ux"+sf
b'O{j6f hft lj=Pn= #@#% / lj=Pn= #%)# pGdf]rgsf] nfuL l;kmfl/; ul/Psf]
5 . o"=hL (( cj/f]ws ux'+sfhftxdf Pg= Pn= !)^$ / Pg=Pn= !)&#
l;kmfl/;sf] nfuL tof/ /x]sf] 5 . TPS k|ljlw jf6 ljsf; ul/Psf j9L
pTkfbg lbg] / 89'jf/f]u ;xg ;Sg] b'O{j6f hftx HPS 2/6 / HPS7/6
k+lhs/0fsf] nflu k|s[of z' ePsf] 5 . cfn'sf Clon k|ljlwjf6 ljsf;
ul/Psf j9L pTkfbg lbg] / 89'jf/f]u ;xg ;Sg] b'O{j6f hftx pGdf]rgsf]
118

nflu l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] 5 . xfO8f]kf]lgs k|ljlwaf6 cfn'sf] aLp pTkfbg ug]{

lalwdf k|f/lDes ;kmntf ldn]sf] 5 cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] klxnf] cf7
dlxgfdf ;|f]t aLp pTkfbg ^ ;o !# d]l6s 6g ePsf] 5 .
tflnsf * -8_ M ut bz jif{sf] ;|f]t aLp pTkfbg tyf afnLsf] hft pGdf]rg ljj/0f
cfly{s jif{

;|f]t aLp pTkfbg

-d]=6=_

afnLsf] hft pGdf]rg

-;+Vof_

s}lkmot

@)^)^!

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wfg, ds}, ux'F,

bnxg, t]nxg,
kxf8LafnL -hf},
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pv', h'6, t/sf/L,
cb'jf, 9}+rf,
3fF;aLp

@)^$^%

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@)^%^^

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* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]

;|ft] M g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb\, jflif{s k|ltj]bg, @)^(

s[lif pTkfbgsf] cfoft tyf lgof{tsf] l:ylt

8.45

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf vfB j:t' tyf hLjhGt' Pj+
;'tL{ tyf k]o kbfy{xsf] lgof{tdf s|dz @!=* k|ltzt / *&=^ k|ltztn] j[l4
eO{ ?= !@ ca{ @# s/f]8 / !$ s/f8 k'u]sf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xL]
calwdf vfB j:t' tyf hLjhGt' Pj+ ;'tL{ tyf k]o kbfy{xsf] lgof{t s|dz
?= !) ca{ $ s/f]8 / & s/f]8 /x]sf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd
cf7 dlxgfsf] j:t'ut lgof{t ut jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf ePsf] lgof{t eGbf (=@
k|ltztn] sd x'g] cg'dfg 5 . To:t} cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7
dlxgfdf vfB j:t' tyf hLjhGt' ?= #( ca{ %& / ;'tL{ tyf k]o kbfy{ ?= @
ca{ &( s/f]8 d"No a/fj/sf] cfoft ePsf] 5 . of] cfoft ut cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] t'ngfdf s|dz %*=( k|ltzt / %%=@
k|ltztn] a9L xf] . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] j:t'ut
119

cfoft ut jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf ePsf] cfoft eGbf %*=( k|ltztn] al9 x'g]
cg'dfg 5 . ljut bz aif{df ;/b/ !^=^ k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] vfB j:t' tyf
hLjhGt'sf] lgof{t cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df #!=# k|ltztn] sdL cfP klg
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df (=^ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= !% ca{ (# s/f]8 k'u]sf]
5 . To;} u/L ljut bz aif{df ;/b/ @@=! k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] vfB j:t'
tyf hLjhGt'sf cfoft cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf df cfly{s jif{
@)*^( df #(=$ k|ltztn]] j[l4 eO{ ?= @( ca{ @^ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 .

;xsf/L If]q
8.46

8.47

8.48

;fj{hlgs, lghL / ;xsf/L If]qaf6 d'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf; ug{ g]kfnsf]

cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# n] gLlt cjnDag u/]af6 /fHon] ;xsf/L If]qnfO{
/fli6o ljsf;sf] cleGg c+usf] kdf :jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 . d'n'sdf ;xsf/Lsf]
ljsf;lj:tf/ / k|j4{gsf nflu k|f/lDes txb]lv /fli6o tx;Ddsf]
;Fu7gfTds :jk lgdf{0f eO;s]sf] 5 . ;xsf/L Pp6f cfly{s, ;fdflhs
k|0ffnL ePsf]n] o;sf] dfWodaf6 gful/sx;Fu /x]sf] ;Lldt ;fwg;|f]tsf]
kl/rfng u/L pgLxsf] cfjZostf k"lt{ ug{ ;lsG5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^#^$ t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd * dlxgf
;Dddf ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;+Vofdf !*&=@ k|ltzt, ;b:o ;+Vofdf @@%=*
k|ltzt, z]o/ kF'hLdf @^%^=& k|ltzt, s'n artdf ^%#=% k|ltzt / s'n
nufgLdf %%&^=& k|ltzt eGbf a9Ln] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . h;af6 ljQLo ;]jf,
pTkfbg, k|zf]wg, ahf/ Joj:yf, :jf:Yo, lzIff, oftfoft, ;~rf/, ljB't\,
cfjf;, ko{6g, aLdf cflb h:tf If]qxdf ;xsf/L k4ltaf6 pBf]u Joj;fo
ug]{ cfsif{0f a9\b} uPsf] tYo ;xh} cg'dfg nufpg ;lsG5 . cfly{s jif{
@)^#^$ df ;xsf/L ;+:yfxn] kl/rfng u/]sf] art ?= !( ca{ %! s/f]8
/x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgf ^%#=% k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{
?= ! va{ $& ca{ k'u]af6 art kl/rfngdf ;d]t ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] dxTjk"0f{
e"ldsf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . To:t}, ;xsf/L ;+:yfxsf] s'n z]o/ k'FhL sl/j ?= @(
ca{ k'u]sf] 5 .
;d'bfon] cfkm";Fu /x]sf] ;Lldt ;|f]t, ;fwg / ;Lksf] pkof]u u/L Joj;fo ug]{
;fdflhs cy{ Joj:yfsf] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ dfWod ;xsf/L xf] . ;xsf/L ;++:yfsf
dfWodaf6 art tyf C0f, b'Uw, ;'ky d"No k;n, lrof, skmL, t/sf/L tyf
kmnkm"n, s[lif, dx, pv', h'gf/, hl8j'6L, :jf:Yo, ko{6g / ;~rf/ cflb
If]qxdf Joj;fo ug]{ u/L ;xsf/L ;+:yfx :yflkt x'g] s|d al9/x]sf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd * dlxgfdf ljleGg p4]Zon] :yfkgf eO{
;~rfngdf /x]sf s'n ;xsf/Lsf] ;+Vofdf art tyf C0f ;xsf/Lxsf] ;+Vof
sl/j $% k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 eg] em08} ;f]xL ;+Vofsf] xf/fxf/Ldf s[lif tyf
s[lifhGo pTkfbg;Fu ;DalGwt ;xsf/Lx /x]sf 5g\ .
120

tflnsf * -9_ M ;xsf/L tyf ltgsf] ;b:o ;+Vof, k'hL, nufgL tyf artsf] k|j[lQ
-/sd ?= xhf/df_

;+:yfxsf]
;+Vof

;b:oxsf]
;+Vof

@)^#^$

9720

1259747

1045563

19517517

2414848

@)^$^%

12646

1843759

8959172

29308434

30024625

@)^%^^

19724

21383348

8482476

45676944

52660117

@)^^^&

22646

2963114

20196274

121831359

10545357

@)^&^*

23301

3141581

20225139

117295228

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@)^*^(

26501

3842657

27095151

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134383241

@)^(.&)

27914

4104025

28823060

147069663

137084873

cfly{s jif{

s'n z]o/
k'FhL ?=

s'n art ?=

s'n nufgL
?=

;|f]tM ;xsf/L ljefu

8.49

s[lifhGo ;xsf/L pBdxsf] :yfkgf ug{ d]lzg/L ;+oGqdf %) k|ltzt;Dd

kF'hLut cg'bfg lbOb} cfPsf] 5 . ljut rf/ jif{df ;/sf/ ;xsf/L ;fem]bf/Ldf
@)) j6f s[lifhGo pBf]ux :yfkgfsf] nflu ?=( s/f]8 *$ nfv @# xhf/
cg'bfg k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfn /fi6 a}+ssf] ;xsfo{df 7"nf ljQLo
;xsf/Lxsf] ;3g cg'udg ug]{ sfd x'Fb} cfPsf] / cfly{s jif{ )^*^( sf]
cGTo ;Dd !!^ ;+:yfxsf] ;+o'Qmkdf ;3g cg'udg ug]{ sfo{s|d ;DkGg
ePsf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{ )^(&) sf] k|yd * dlxgfsf] cjlwdf $) j6f
;+3 ;+:yfxsf] cg'udg ePsf] 5 eg] % xhf/ ^ ;o hgfnfO{ tflnd k|bfg
ul/Psf] 5 .

121

Tfflnsf * -0f_ M ;~rfngdf /x]sf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx ;DaGwL ljj/0f

-/sd ?= s/f]8df_

sfo{ k|s[lt
art tyf C0f
ax'[p2]ZoLo
s[lif
b'Uw
pkef]Qmf
ljB't
t/sf/L tyf kmnkm"n
lrof
slkm
hl8a''6L
df}/Lkfng
;+rf/
:jf:Yo
pv'
h'gf/
cGo
hDdf

;+:yf
;+Vof

;b:o ;+Vof
-xhf/df_
k"if
dlxnf

z]o/
k'FhL

lgIf]k

nufgL

12451

1087

1060

20757.3

112739.1

95367.6

4009

613

397

6008.3

30156.5

34467.1

6135

300

223

830.6

1718.3

2734.0

1764

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24

229.3

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15

18

55.8

294.8

586.3

105

90.0

12.8

23.2

85

8.2

14.9

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167

25.7

4.5

11.9

69

7.0

4.1

4.9

115

103.6

29.2

29.3

49

245.8

116.2

168.1

49

4.7

10.7

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223.0

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28823.1

147069.7

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;|f]t M;xsf/L ljefu

e"ld;'wf/
8.50

8.51

j}1flgs e"ld;'wf/ ;DaGwL pRr:t/Lo cfof]uf/f tof/ ul/Psf ;'fj

k|ltj]bgx sfof{Gjogsf] nflu sfo{of]hgf tof/ kf/L e"ld nut ;+sng sfo{
z' ePsf] 5 . ljBdfg l8lh6n 8f6faf6 ;"rgf k|fKt ug]{ ljifodf cWoog
z' ePsf] 5 . l8lh6n 8f6fsf] ljt/0fnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ l8lh6n 8f6fsf]
ljt/0f k|of]u / lgodg lgb]{lzsf @)^( tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .
/fli6o e"-pkof]u gLlt :jLs[lt eO pQm gLltdf plNnlvt ljle ^ k|sf/sf
e"-pkof]usf] cfwf/df e"ldsf] jlu{s/0f ug]{ nufot e"-pkof]u gLlt
122

sfof{Gjogsf] nflu cfj:os ljWodfg P]glgoddf ;+zf]wgsf] sfo{ k|f/De

ul/Psf] 5 .
8.52

8.53

8.54

dfnkf]t sfof{noxaf6 sDKo'6l/s[t hUuf k|zf;g ;]jf pknAw u/fpg]

qmddf $! j6f dfnkf]t sfof{noxaf6 sDKo'6/ dfkm{t hUufwgL btf{ k|df0f
k"hf{ pknJw u/fOPsf] 5 . &% lhNnfsf] lhNnf:t/Lo tyf $% ufpF ljsf;
;ldltsf] ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt :t/Lo e"-pkof]u gS;f tof/ e};s]sf] 5 . gfkL
sfof{no nlntk'/df ;Dk"0f{ ;]jfx sDKo'6/ k|0ffnLaf6 pknAw u/fO/x]sf] 5 .
pkTosfsf cGo gfkL sfof{noxdf cf+lzs kdf sDKo'6/ dfkm{t ;]jf
pknAw u/fO{ /x]sf] 5 . ufpF Anssf] gfk gS;fsf] sfo{qmd /x]sf] 5 . e"ld
Joj:yfkg ;'b[9Ls/0f sfo{qmd ;+rfngsf nflu lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltaf6 k|fKt
x'g] %=% k|ltzt /sd pkof]u ug{ lgb]{lzsf kl/dfh{g ul/Psf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dd hDdf @# xhf/ ^ ;o *! sd}of kl/jf/nfO{
k'g:yfkgf ul/Psf] . k'g:yfkgf ug{ afFsL d'Qm sd}of kl/jf/ dWo] cfly{s
jif{@)^(&) sf] kmfu'g d;fGt ;Dd @ ;o $* hgfnfO{ ! nfv %! xhf/sf
b/n] hUuf vl/b ug{ /sd pknAw u/fOPsf] 5 . k'g:yfkgf ug{ afFsL /x]sf
sd}of kl/jf/sf] ;+Vof # xhf/ ^ ;o !^ /x]sf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dd hDdf $ xhf/ ! ;o *$ xlnof kl/jf/sf]
k|dfl0fs/0f eO @ xhf/ # ;o #! kl/jf/nfO{ kl/rokq ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g d;fGt ;Dd # xhf/ ^ ;o ^& xlnof
kl/jf/sf] k|dfl0fs/0f eO @ xhf/ ! ;o ^$ kl/jf/nfO{ kl/rokq ljt/0f
ul/Psf] 5 . s'n hDdf & xhf/ * ;o %! k|dfl0fs/0f eO $ xhf/ $ ;o ($
kl/jf/nfO{ kl/rokq ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

jg tyf e";+/If0f
8.55

jg;Dkbfsf] j}1flgs, ;dfj]zL / ;xeflutfd"ns Joj:yfkgf/f kfl/l:yltsLo

;]jf (Ecosystem Services) sf] k|jw{g ub}{ jgsf] pTkfbsTjdf j[l4 ug]{ /
jghGo s[ofsnfkxsf] k|jw{g tyf Joj;foLs/0faf6 /f]huf/L ;[hgf u/L
u/LjL Go"lgs/0fdf 6]jf k'ofpg] p4]Zosf ;fy jg tyf e" ;+/If0f ;DaGwL
sfo{ eO/x]sf] 5 . b]zsf] s'n e"efusf] Go"gtd $) k|ltzt If]qdf jg sfod
/fVg], jg, jg:klt, hnfw/, ;+/lIft If]q tyf h}ljs ljljwtfsf] cg';Gwfg,
ljsf; Pj+ lbuf] Aoj:yfkg ug]{, jg ;+/If0fsf] dfWodaf6 x'g] sfj{g ;+lrltaf6
jftfj/0fLo cg's'ngdf k'Ug]] of]ubfg jfkt x'g] ;DefJo cfosf] Joj:yfkg ug]{,
jftfj/0f d}qL pBf]u tyf Joj;fonfO{ ;fj{hlgs;fd'bfloslghL nufgL
dfkm{t xl/t /f]huf/Lsf cj;/ l;h{gf ug]{, jgIf]qdf sfo{/t ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{
hgpQ/bfoL agfpg] p2]Zo;fy jg Joj:yfkg sfo{ eO/x]sf] 5 .
123

tflnsf * -t_ M jg ;|f]t tYof

jg If]q

$@=& nfv x]S6/ -@( k|ltzt_

a'6\ofg If]q

!%=^ nfv x]S6/ -!)=^ k|ltzt_

s'n :6]d cfotg

#* s/f]8 *) nfv So"ljs ld6/

s'n :6]d cfotg dWo] ;fn k|hftL

@* k|ltzt

s'n afof]df;

$,@() nfv 6g

cf};t :6]d cfotg

!&* So"ljs ld6/ k|lt x]S6/

cf};t v ;+Vof

$)* k|lt x]S6/

;|f]tM g]kfnsf] jg ;|f]t k|ltj]bg, !((( jg cg';Gwfg tyf ;a]+If0f ljefu

8.56

8.57

8.58

8.59

hnjfo' kl/j{tgsf] cg's'ng tyf lgik|efjLs/0faf6 :yfgLo ;d'bfosf]

hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ ug{ hg;xeflutfd"ns tyf ljs]lGb|t Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL
cjnDjg ul/ d'n'ssf] jg ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f / pkof]u ub}+ jftfj/0fLo ;r]ttf
/ :jR5tf sfod ug]+, jg ;+/If0f tyf jgsf] bLuf] Joj:yfkg / pkof]u,
jghGo pBf]usf] k|j4+g, hl8a'6L v]tLsf] la:tf/ tyf e" ;+/If0f tyf hnfwf/
Joj:yfkg, jGohGt' ;+/If0f, jg tyf jg:klt cWoog cg';Gwfg nufot
sfo{x ;~rgng ePsf 5g\ .
cfly{s aif{ @)^(&) df jg If]qsf] b"/ b[i6L ;+d[lsf nflu jg Forestry
for Prosperity tyf jg If]qsf] nIo jg, jg:klt, jGohGt', hnfwf/, ;+/lIft
If]q / h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;d'lrt ;+/If0f, bLuf] Joj:yfkg / ;b'kof]u ub}{
jgsf] JojzfoLs/0fsf dfWodn] /f]huf/L ;[hgf, cfoj[l4, lhljsf]kfh{gdf
;'wf/ Pj+ jg If]qdf ;'zf;g sfod u/L d"n'ssf] bLuf] ljsf; / jftfj/0fLo
;+t'ng sfod /fVg] ;+a[4Lsf k|d'v $ :tDex klxrfg ul/Psf] 5 .
g]kfndf s'n e"efusf] @( k|ltzt jg If]q / !)=% k|ltzt e"efu j'6\ofg If]q
/x]sf] 5 . s'n :6]d cfotg #* s/f]8 *) nfv So"ljs dL6/ /x]sf]df ;f] sf]
@* k|ltzt ;fn k|hflt /x]sf] cj:yf 5 . o;}u/L s'n afof]df; $,@() nfv
6g, cf};t :6]d cfotg ! ;o &* So"ljs dL6/ k|lt x]S6/ / cf};t v
;+Vof $ ;o * k|lt x]S6/ /x]sf] 5 .
cfly{s aif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ;fd'bflos jg, sa'lnotL jg
tyf ;fem]bf/L jgsf] If]qdf pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] ;+Vof, x:tfGtl/t ;fd'bflos
jgsf] If]qkmn / nfeflGjt 3/w'/L ;+Vofdf ut cfly{s aif{=sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf]
t'ngfdf j[l4 ePsf] 5 . ;fem]bf/L jgsf] gd'gf sfo{qmd o; cfly{s aif{df
kGb]xL, slknj:t', gjnk/f;L / s}nfnL lhNndf ;d]t nfu' ul/Psf] 5 . jg
ljsf; u'of]hgf @)$% n] to ul/ jg P]g @)$( df Joj:yf ePcg';f/
124

pkef]Qmf ;d"x u7gbtf{, sfo{of]hgf tof/L, jg ;+/If0f, hLljsf]kfh{g /

;'zf;gd"lv sfo{s|d tyf hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] gsf/fTds c;/sf] cg's"ng /
lgik|efjLs/0fsf sfo{s|dx ;~rfng ul/Psf 5g\ .
tflnsf * -y_ M jg;DaGwL pknlAwxsf] t'ngfTds ljj/0f
ljj/0f
;fd'bflos jg
;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x ;+Vof

cfly{s jif{
@)^&^*

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^(

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@)^(/&)

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x:tfGtl/t sa'lnotL jgsf] If]qkmn x]S6/_

sa'lnotL jgaf6 nfeflGjt 3/w'/L ;+Vof

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;fd'bflos jgaf6 nfeflGjt 3/w'/L ;+Vof
sa'lnotL jg

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gd'gf sfo{qmd ;~rflnt lhNnfx

;fe]mbf/L jg ;d"x -;+Vofdf_

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nfeflGjt 3/w'/L -;+Vofdf_
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af/f, k;f{,
af/f -#_, k;f{
/f}tx6, ;nf{xL -@_, /f}tx6 / dxf]Q/L
#_,
dxf]Q/L -#_,
;nf{xL -!_,
slknj:t' -@_,
kGb]xL -!_,
gjnk/f;L !_, s}nfnL -!_

af/f, k;f{,
/f}tx6,
dxf]Q/L,
;nf{xL,
slknj:t',
kGb]xL,
gjnk/f;L,
s}nfnL

17

19

22730

43445

54072

244386

363030

476732

2979125

3321738

;|f]t M jg tyf e" ;+/If0f dGqfno

8.60

h}ljs ljljwtf dxf;lGw !((@ / /fli6o h}ljs ljljlwtf /0fgLlt @))@ sf

gLltut k|fawfgxsf] th{'dfsf nflu ;+rflnt sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbO{Psf]
5 . jftfj/0fLo kdf ;Dj]bglzn r'/] If]qsf] jg ljgf; tyf e"Ifo /f]syfd
125

8.61

nflu cfly{s aif{ @)^&^* b]lv sfof{Gjogdf /x]]sf] /fi6klt r'/] ;+/If0f
sfo{s|d @^ lhNnfdf ;~rfng ug]{ sfo{s|d /x]sf]] 5 . kj{tLo If]qsf] lbuf]
ljsf; eGg] gf/fsf ;fy cGt/fli6o kj{tLo jif{ @)^( ;DkGg ePsf] / ;f]
;df/f]xdf h}ljs ljljwtf, jg ;+/If0f / lbuf] kj{tLo ljsf;df ;xof]u
k'ofpg] pTs[i6 ;d'x / ;+:yf u/L tLg j6fnfO{ @ nfv gub k''/:sf/ ;lxt
;Ddflgt ul/Psf] 5 .
g]kfnsf] % j6f ef}uf]lns If]qx dWo] t/fO{ / r'/] l;jflns If]qsf] jg
gS;f+sg tyf ;j]{If0f sfo{ ;DkGg eO;s]sf] 5 . ;fy} dWo kxf8L If]qsf] jg
;j]{If0f sfo{ () k|ltzt ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . /fli6o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt
k|of]uzfnfdf ;+/lIft ! nfv %) xhf/ xj]{l/odsf gd'gfxsf] lgoldt
Joj:yfkg ul/g'sf;fy} ! ;o &) xj]{l/od gd"gfxsf] Electronic Database
tof/ kfl/Psf] 5 .

126

(= pBf]u If]q

(= pBf]u If]q
pBf]u
9.1

9.2

9.3

9.4

cf}Bf]lus ljsf; d'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf;sf] lbuf] / e/kbf]{ cfwf/:tDe xf] .

/f]huf/Lsf nflu s[lif If]qdf /x]sf] lge{/tfnfO{ sd ub}{ ljBdfg a]/f]huf/L, cw{
a]/f]huf/L sd ug{ cf}Bf]lus/0fsf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ /xG5 . cf}Bf]lus nufgLn]
cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj j[l4, /f]huf/L l;h{gf, :yfgLo ;Lksf] k|of]u, ;|f]t
;fwgsf] pkof]u, cfoft k|lt:yfkg tyf lgof{t k|j4{gdf of]ubfg ub{5 . cf}Bf]lus
If]qdf lghL :jb]zL tyf j}b]lzs nufgL cfslif{t ug{sf] nflu cf}Bf]lus k"jf{wf/
lgdf{0f ub}{ n}hfg], df}h'bf cf}Bf]lus k"jf{wf/xsf] k|efjsf/L pkof]u ug]{, lgof{t
k|j4{gdf hf]8 lbg ljz]if cfly{s If]qsf] lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfng ug]{ / n3', 3/]n'
tyf ;fgf pBf]uxsf] k|j4{gsf] dfWodaf6 u/LaL Go"gLs/0f ug]{ p2]Zosf ;fy
cf}Bf]lus gLlt @)^& sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf] 5 .
;fj{hlgs lghL ;f]bf/Lsf] cjwf/0ff cg'k cf}Bf]lus ;d:ofxsf] ;dfwfg ub}{
n}hfg] p2]Zon] g]kfn Joj;fo d~r lj|mofzLn x'g'sf ;fy} pBf]u dGqfnodf
d~rsf] ;lrjfno ;+rfngdf cfPsf] 5 . U0f pBf]u ;DjGwdf ul7t pRr:t/Lo
sfo{bnn] k|:t't u/]sf] k|ltj]bgnfO{ dlGqkl/ifbaf6 gLltut :jLs[lt ;lxt
k|fljlws ;ldltsf] kl/dflh{t sfof{b]z :jLs[t ePsf] 5 .
;d"xut cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg tyf cf}Bf]lus ;"rsf+ssf cfwf/df l:ylt x]bf{ cfly{s
jif{ @)^*^( sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df vfBj:t', k]o kbfy{, r'/f]6,
h'Qf / ;fa'g, l;d]06, Knfli6ssf ;fdfgsf] pTkfbg # k|ltztsf] j[l4 x'g] b]lvPsf]
5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df vfB j:t'sf] ;d"xtkm{ rfprfp / la:s'6sf]
pTkfbg qmdzM ! xhf/ # ;o $( d]l6s 6g / ! xhf/ # ;o @^ d]l6s 6g n]
j[l4 x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . o:t} ;j{tsf] pTkfbg !@ nfv $& xhf/ ln6/n]
a9\g] b]lvPsf] 5 . k]o kbfy{sf] ;d"xtkm{ xNsf k]o kbfy{sf] pTkfbg $ nfv &@
xhf/ ln6/n], ljo/sf] pTkfbg ! nfv !* xhf/ ln6/n] / dlb/fsf] pTkfbg #
nfv (@ xhf/ ln6/n] j[l4 x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . o:t} h'Qf, Knfli6ssf ;fdfg,
l;d]G6, ;fa'g / kLeL;L tf/sf] klg pTkfbg j[l4 x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df k|d'v cf}Bf]lus
pTkfbgsf] s'n ;"rsf+s !)&=% af6 #=* k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ !!!=^ k'u]sf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df k|d'v cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg dWo] tf]/Lsf] t]n, rfdn,
rfprfp, lrgL, dlb/f, lao/, xNsf k]o kbfy{, h'6sf ;fdfg, pmgL un}rf, tof/L
wft'sf pTkfbg, cf}iflw, Knfli6ssf ;fdfg, UofNjgfOH8 kfOk, ljh'nLsf tf/ tyf
s]jn h:tf cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgxsf] ;"rsf+s j[l4 ePsf] 5 . jg:klt o",
e6df;sf] t]n, lj:s'6, k|zf]lwt lrof, wfuf], ;'tL sk8f, ufd]{06, No'j cfon,
k|zf]lwt 5fnf, /f]lhg, l;d]06 r'/f]6 h:tf cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgxsf] ;"rsf+s eg]
o; cfly{s jif{df s]xL 36]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .
127

9.5

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ;]jfd"ns pBf]utkm{ !)%, ko{6g pBf]utkm{ ^!,

pTkfbgd"ns pBf]utkm{ %(, phf{d"ns pBf]utkm{ ##, s[lifhGo pBf]utkm{ !@, vlgh
pBf]utkm{ & / lgdf{0f pBf]utkm{ @ u/L hDdf @ ;o &( pBf]uxn] ;~rfngsf]
:jLs[lt lnPsf 5g\ . tL pBf]uxdf !^ xhf/ ( ;o ^) hgf /f]huf/L ;[hgf eO{
s'n kl/of]hgf nfut *$ ca{ $& s/f]8 &$ nfv /x]sf] 5 .
tflnsf ( -s_ M ;~rfngsf nflu :jLs[lt lbOPsf pBf]ux

pBf]usf]
k|sf/

;+Vof

s'n kl/of]hgf nfut

@)^*^( cfly{s jif{

;Dd
@)^*^(

pTkfbgd"ns 2207
1356
;]jfd"ns
855
ko{6g
40
lgdf{0f
114
phf{d"ns
217
s[lifhGo
42
vlgh
4831
hDdf
;|f]t M pBf]u ljefu .
9.6

9.7

@)^*^(
;Dd

s'n :yL/ k'FhL

-?= s/f]8df_
/f]huf/L k|fKt ;+Vof

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( cfly{s jif{

@)^*^(
;Dd
@)^*^( ;Dd
@)^*^(

59

16787.14

105

8851.50

95967

6398.05

894.07

89562

5530

61

3864.36

181.07

3426.90

164.89

34830

1908

621.90

49.00

587.5

45.60

2718

176

33

18319.91

5326.36

14157

1816

12

1142.72

16.12

967.93

14.27

26949

396

374.38

16.40

330.40

12.91

4624

607

279

1718.99 12163.38 1478.08 256933

5501.49 17611.27

49961.91 8447.74 41485.43 7936.18 429773

6527

16960

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] cGTo;Dd g]kfndf ljleGg k|s[ltsf u/L hDdf $ xhf/
* ;o #! pBf]ux ;~rfngsf] nflu :jLs[lt k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . :jLs[lt lbOPsf
k|d'v pBf]ux dWo] pTkfbgd"ns pBf]utkm{ @ xhf/ @ ;o & -$%=& k|ltzt_,
;]jfd"ns pBf]utkm{ ! xhf/ # ;o %^ -@*=! k|ltzt_ / ko{6g pBf]utkm{ * ;o
%% -!&=& k|ltzt_ /x]sf] b]lvG5 . :jLs[lt lbOPsf pBf]uxsf] s'n kl/of]hgf
nfut $ vj{ (( ca{ ^! s/f]8 (! nfv /x]sf] 5 eg] $ nfv @( xhf/ & ;o
&# /f]huf/L ;[hgf ePsf] 5 .
kl/of]hgf nfutsf cfwf/df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df 7"nf pBf]u ^#, demf}nf
pBf]u $@ tyf ;fgf pBf]u ! ;o &$ u/L cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df hDdf @
;o &( pBf]uxnfO{ ;~rfng :jLs[lt lbOPsf] lyof] . o;}u/L ;~rfngsf nflu
:jLs[lt lbOPsf pBf]ux dWo] kl/of]hgf nfutsf] ($=^ k|ltzt 7"nf pBf]utkm{,
#=$ k|ltzt demf}nf pBf]utk{m / @ k|ltzt ;fgf pBf]uxdf nufgL ePsf]] 5 .

128

tflnsf ( -v_ M kl/of]hgf nfutsf cfwf/df ;~rfngsf nflu :jLs[lt lbOPsf pBf]ux
- cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(_
-?= s/f]8df_

pBf]usf] k|sf/

;+Vof

s'n kl/of]hgf nfut s'n :yL/ k'FhL

/f]huf/L k|fKt
;+Voff

7"nf pBf]u

63

7984=55

7577=58

7422

demf}nf pBf]u

42

289=96

228=19

2786

;fgf pBf]u

174

168=23

130=41

6752

hDdf

279

8442=74

7936=18

16960

;|f]t M pBf]u ljefu .

ljb]zL nufgL
9.8

9.9

d'n'sdf /x]sf ;fwg >f]txsf] klxrfg tyf kl/rfng u/L cfoft k|lt:yfkg
tyf lgof{t k|j4{g ug{ pBf]u If]qdf ljb]zL nufgLsf] kl/rfng k|j4{g x'b} cfPsf]
5 . o;sf] sfof{Gjog, cg'dlt k|bfg / Joj:yfkgsf] d'Vo lhDd]jf/L pBf]u
ljefunfO{ tf]lsPsf] 5 .
ljb]zL nufgLdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df hDdf @ ;o @& pBf]uxn] :jLs[lt
k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ h'g ut cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf *=^ k|ltztn] a9L xf] . phf{
If]qdf ;a} eGbf a9L ljb]zL nufgL cfslif{t ePsf] b]lvG5 . o; cjlwdf ;]jf,
ko{6g / vlghdf afx]s cGo If]qdf ljb]zL nufgLaf6 ;~rfng x'g] pBf]usf]
;+Vof 36]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df v'n]sf o:tf pBf]uxdf /f]huf/L
k|fKt ug]{sf] ;+Vof 36]/ ( xhf/ %) df ;Lldt ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(
sf] cGTo;Dd j}b]lzs nufgLsf nflu &# j6f d'n'saf6 @ xhf/ # ;o #%
pBf]un] :jLs[lt kfPsf 5g\ eg] ! nfv ^$ xhf/ $ ;o *@ hgfn] /f]huf/L
kfPsf 5g h; dWo] #!=* k|ltzt pTkfbgd"ns, #@=$ k|ltzt ;]jfd"ns / @^=*
k|ltzt ko{6g pBf]u 5g\ . oL pBf]uxdf xfn;Dd k|fKt /f]huf/LdWo] $*=&
k|ltzt pTkfbgd"ns pBf]udf, @!=* k|ltzt ;]jfd"ns pBf]udf / !^=@ k|ltzt
ko{6g pBf]udf /x]sf 5g\ .

129

tflnsf ( -u_ M ljb]zL nufgLsfnflu :jLs[lt lbOPsf pBf]ux

?=s/f]8df
pBf]usf]
k|sf/

;+Vof

s'n kl/of]hgf nfut

s'n :yL/ k'FhL

ljb]zL nufgL

/f]huf/L k|fKt ;+Voff

@)^*^( cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( cfly{s jif{
;Dd @)^*^( ;Dd @)^*^( ;Dd @)^*^( ;Dd @)^*^( ;Dd @)^*^(
&$#
#! %*!%=!( #%#=&$ $##&=@* #)!=$! @^%$=#^ (*=*% *)!*) !&&!
pTkfbg

d"ns
;]jf
ko{6g
lgdf{0f
phf{
s[lifhGo
vlgh
hDdf

&%^
^@%
$@
%!
&%
$#
@##%

!)^ @*)&=)@
^$ @!#@=!@
) #^)=%#
$ $%&^=*&
!% !*$=*^
& %##=$@
@@& !^$!)=)#

@!!=$* @#)$=!# !*@=!! !$(&=@! !((=&% #%($@

()=$& !(($=^! &&=*& (@#=&* *#=&% @^&)(
) @^*=#!
) @&^=@*
) #)!^
%))=(% $%@!=#% $*#=@% !&%!=^# @((=&% *%#&
!&=$@ !@$=*^ !%=!) !)%=%% !^=@@ #(($
!&=!& $#%=$# !#=)& #)^=!( !%=&& ^!)$
!!(!=@# !#(*%=&& !)&@=*! &%!%=)) &!$=)( !^$$*@

#*!%
!*$&
)
%()
$(&
%#)
()%)

;|f]t M pBf]u ljefu .

9.10

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ljb]zL nufgLsf ! ;o *^ j6f
pBf]ux ;~rfngsf nflu btf{ ePsf 5g\ h;af6 ( xhf/ % ;o % hgf
/f]huf/L ;[hgf ePsf] 5 . s'n kl/of]hgf nfutsf] cfwf/df ljb]zL nufgL x'g]
k|d'v pBf]uxdf phf{;Fu ;DalGwt pBf]uxdf #$=@ k|ltzt, cf}Bf]lus
pTkfbg;Fu ;DalGwt pBf]uxdf #!=& k|ltzt, lgdf{0f;Fu ;DalGwt pBf]uxdf
!#=( k|ltzt / ;]jfd"ns pBf]uxdf !)=& k|ltzt ljb]zL nufgL x'g] b]lvPsf]
5 . o; cjlwdf ! xhf/ & ;o !! 6]8dfs{ btf{ ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf ( -3_ M ljb]zL nufgLsf nflu :jLs[lt lbOPsf pBf]ux
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf
-?= s/f]8df_

pBf]usf]
k|sf/

cf}Bf]lus
pTkfbg
;]jf pBf]u
ko{6g pBf]u
phf{
s[lifhGo
vlgh
lgdf{0f
hDdf

;+Vof

s'n kl/of]hgf
nfut

s'n :yL/ k'FhL

ljb]zL nufgL

/f]huf/L k|fKt
;+Vof

48

703=27

596=83

213=99

3499

43
44

237=71
129=04

88=57
115=38

113=44
95=68

1762
1668

759=22

716=14

266=99

434

24
9

39=26
43=57

39=26
72=00

37=76
67=25

816
781

10

309=30

82=20

275=60

545

186

2221=37

1710=38

1070=71

9505

;|f]t M pBf]u ljefu .

130

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] cGTo;Dddf j}b]lzs nufgLsf] nflu :jLs[lt lbOPsf
pBf]ux dWo] kl/of]hgf nfutsf cfwf/df ! ;o (% -*=$ k|ltzt_ 7"nf, @ ;o
^@ -!!=@ k|ltzt_ demf}nf / ! xhf/ * ;o &* -*)=$ k|ltzt_ ;fgf pBf]un]
:jLs[lt kfPsf 5g\ . logaf6 k|fKt /f]huf/L qmdzM @^=( k|ltzt, !(=& k|ltzt /
%#=$ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . xfn;Dd a}b]lzs nufgL ?=&% ca{ !% s/f]8 /x]sf]df
7"nf pBf]uxdf ul/Psf] nufgL ;a}eGbf a9L ^(=$ k|ltzt 5 eg] ;fgf /
demf}nf pBf]udf qmdzM !*=^ / !@ k|ltzt /x]]sf]] 5 . o;af6 g]kfndf nufgL
/sdsf] cfwf/df x]bf{ a}b]lzs nufgL d'VotM 7"nf cfof]hgfdf cfs{lift ePsf]
b]lvG5 .
tflnsf ( -_ M kl/of]hgf nfutsf cfwf/df j}b]lzs nufgLsf nflu :jLs[lt lbOPsf
pBf]ux
- cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] cGTo;Dd _

9.11

-?= s/f]8df_

pBf]usf] k|sf/
7"nf pBf]u
demf}nf pBf]u
;fgf pBf]u
hDdf

;+Vof s'n kl/of]hgf s'n :yL/ k'FhL ljb]zL nufgL /f]huf/L k|fKt
nfut
;+Vof
!(%
!@$%^=*!
!!@&#=(&
%@!^=(@
$$!($
@^@
!***=&$
!##&=%#
*(*=!)
#@$^#
!*&*
@)^$=$&
!#&$=@&
!#((=(*
*&*@%
@##%
!^$!)=#
!#(*%=&&
&%!%=))
!^$$*@

;|f]t M pBf]u ljefu .

9.12

j}b]lzs nufgLdf g]kfndf pBf]u vf]Ng] d'n'sdf ef/tsf] ;a}eGbf a9L ;+Vof %
;o @% /x]sf] 5 eg] bf];|f] :yfgdf rLgsf] $ ;o &* / t];|f] :yfgdf ;+o'Qm /fHo
cd]l/sfsf] ! ;o (* rf}yf]df blIf0f sf]l/ofsf] nufgLdf ! ;o &) / kf+rf}df
hfkfgsf] nufgLdf ! ;o ^& /x]sf] 5 . t'ngfTdskdf ljb]zL nufgLdf
pBf]ux ;~rfngsf nflu :jLs[lt lbOPsf ;+Vof qmldskdf a9\bf] b]lvG5 eg]
oL pBf]uxaf6 l;lh{t /f]huf/Lsf] ;+Vofdf klg j[l4 g} ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;/L
pBf]uxdf a9\bf] ljb]zL nufgLn] ;du| cf}Bf]lus ljsf;df ;sf/fTds e"ldsf
lgjf{x ug]{ :ki6 g} x'G5 .

s]xL pBf]uxsf] pTkfbg Ifdtfsf] pkof]u

9.13

s]xL 5flgPsf pBf]uxsf] pTkfbg Ifdtfsf] pkof]usf] ljZn]if0f ubf{ s]xL

pBf]uxsf] cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df s'n
Ifdtfsf] pkof]udf l;dfGt k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] b]lvG5 . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf]
t'ngfdf l;d]G6 / lao/ pBf]usf] pTkfbg Ifdtfdf # k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ s'n
Ifdtfsf] qmdzM %&=& / *@=$ k|ltzt pkof]u ePsf] 5 eg] lrgL, r'/f]6, ;nfO,
h'Qf, h'6sf ;fdfgdf pBf]usf] pkof]u Ifdtf ! k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ s'n Ifdtfsf]
qmdzM #@=#, (@=(, &$=& / ^&=& k|ltzt pkof]u ePsf] 5 .
131

cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] jt{dfg l:ylt

9.14

9.15

9.16

cf}Bf]lus ljsf;df 6]jf k'ofpg cf}Bf]lus k|lti7fgxsf] :yfkgf, ;~rfng /

k|j4{gsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ ef}lts k"jf{wf/ Pj++ ;'ljwfx PsLs[tkdf pknJw
u/fpg] p2]Zon] cf}Bf]lus If]qxsf] :yfkgf ul/Psf] xf] . cf}Bf]lus If]qxsf]
;DefJotf cWoog, ljsf; / k|j4{g ug{], cf}Bf]lus If]qx leq :yflkt
pBf]uxnfO{ nfek|b tl/sfaf6 ;~rfng u/fpg k/fdz{, ;Nnfx / ;'emfj lbg]
tyf lghL If]q, hg;xeflutf jf ;xsf/L cGtu{t :yfkgf x'g] cf}Bf]lus
If]qxnfO{ k|f]T;fxg Pj++ ;xof]u ug{] p2]Zon] cf}Bf]lus If]q Joj:yfkg lnld6]8sf]
:yfkgf ePsf] xf] .
xfn afnfh', x]6f}+8f, kf6g, g]kfnu+h, w/fg, kf]v/f, j'6jn, eQmk'/, jL/]Gb|gu/,
wgs'6f / uh]Gb| gf/fo0f l;+x cf}Bf]lus If]q ;d]t u/L s'n !! j6f cf}Bf]lus
If]qx ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dddf d'n'sleq /x]sf s'n !! j6f
cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] # xhf/ * ;o &# /f]kgL hUuf pBf]uxnfO{ ef8fdf lbOPsf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dddf cf}Bf]lus If]qxdf $ ;o (*
j6f pBf]ux ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ eg] %@ j6f pBf]ux aGb ePsf 5g\ . o;
cjlwdf cf}Bf]lus If]qxdf &@ j6f pBf]ux lgdf{0ffwLg cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\ .

3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u

9.17

9.18

d'Votof ljsf;f]Gd'v d'n'sxsf] ljsf;df 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]uxsf] of]ubfg

k|d'v x'G5 . ;|f]t ;fwgxsf] ;Lldttf, k"FhL / ;f]sf] kl/rfngsf] sdhf]/ cj:yf,
Joj;flostfsf] k|j4{g ck]lIft :t/df x'g g;Sg] ePsf]n] g]kfnh:tf d'n'sxsf]
cfly{s ljsf;sf] d]b08 / cfwf/sf] kdf n3', 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]uxsf]
ljsf; ckl/xfo{ dflgG5 . o; If]qsf] Joj:yfkg / k|j4{g ug{ 3/]n' tyf ;fgf
pBf]u ljefu / cGtu{tsf sfof{nox, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljsf; ;ldltsf
sfof{noxn] sfo{ ul//x]sf 5g\ . rfn' cGtl/d of]hgfn] lnPsf] ul/aL lgjf/0f
ug]{ d'Vo p2]Zo cg'k 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u Joj;fosf] k|j4{g Pj++ ljsf;
ug{sf] nflu dfudf cfwfl/t cfjZos ;Lk ljsf;, pBdzLntf ljsf; tflnd,
k|fljlws k/fdz{ shf{ k|jfx Pj++ ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0f h:tf sfo{qmdx PsLs[t kdf
;+rfng ul/b} cfPsf] 5 . ckf, lk5l8Psf ju{, blnt hghflt, 4Gb lkl8t P+j
dlxnfsf] pTyfg x'g] ahf/ dfudf cfwfl/t /f]huf/ Pj++ ;Lkd"ns tflnd,
pBdzLntf ljsf; tflnd sfo{qmdxnfO{ tL ju{sf] ;zlQms/0f x'g] ul/
k|fyldstf lbO{ jflif{s sfo{qmddf :ki6 nIo ls6fg u/L sfof{Gjog ul/b} cfPsf]
5.
rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df !% xhf/ ! ;o !! hgfnfO{ ljle ljifodf
/f]huf/ tyf :j/f]huf/ x'g] ul/ tflnd k|bfg ug]{ nIosf ;fy s]lGb|o :t/df 3/]n'
tyf ;fgf pBf]u k|lzIf0f s]Gb|, @) lhNnfdf ul/jL lgjf/0fsf nflu n3' pBd
132

9.19

9.20

9.21

9.22

9.23

9.24

ljsf; sfo{qmd / lhNnf l:yt @& 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{noxaf6 / Gb
lkl8txsf] nflu tflnd sfo{qmdx ;+rfng ul/Psf 5g\ . gofF ;f]r, l;h{gf,
;Lk Pj++ k|ljlw ePsf o'jf lkl9xnfO gofF pBdL Joj;foLsf kdf kfGt/0f
u/fpg] p2]Zon] ljefudf Joj;fo ;DaGwg sfo{qmd -Business Incubation
Programme) rfn' /x]sf] 5 . xfn;Dd !! hgfn] ;DaGwgsf] k|df0fkq kfO;s]sf
5g\ eg] !% hgf k|lzIffyL{ Joj;foL xsf] nflu Joj;fo ;DjGwgsf]] sfo{ e}/x]sf]
5 . ;Lk l;s]sf tflnd k|fKt hgzlQmnfO{ cfkm"n] l;s]sf ;Lkxsf] ;b'kof]u u/L
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u :yfkgf ug{ / ;xof]u k'ofpg] x]t'n] ljp k'FhLsf] kdf
/sd pknAw u/fpg, shf{ k|jfx ug]{ sfo{nfO Jojl:yt ug{sf nflu n3' 3/]n'
tyf ;fgf pBf]u shf{ Joj:yfkg lgb]{lzsf sfof{Gjogdf NofO{Psf] 5 .
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u Joj;fosf] k|j4||{g Pj++ ljsf; ugf{sf nflu dfudf cfwfl/t
tyf ckf, lk5l8Psf ju{, blnt, hghflt, Gb lkl8t Pj++ dlxnfsf] pTyfgsf
nflu cfjZos ;Lk ljsf;, pBdzLntf ljsf;, tflnd, k|fljlws k/fdz{, shf{
k|jfx Pj++ ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0f h:tf sfo{s|dx PsLs[t kdf ;~rfng ul/Psf 5g\ .
hgtfnfO{ l56f] 5l/tf], kf/bzL{ tyf u'0f:t/Lokdf ;]jf k'ofpg] nIosf ;fy
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{noxdf cgnfOg ;le{;sf] tof/L ul/Psf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df !* xhf/ * j6f 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux btf{ ePsf
lyP eg] cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g d;fGt ;Dd 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u
ljefu cGtu{t ( xhf/ & ;o @ j6f 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux btf{ ePsf 5g\ .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df btf{ ePsf pBf]uxdf s'n /sd !& ca{ @& s/f]8
$$ nfv ^^ xhf/ k'FhL nufgL ePsf] b]lvG5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df btf{ ePsf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]ux dWo] k|fOe]6 kmd{
!% xhf/ * ;o #!, ;fem]bf/L kmd{ ! xhf/ @ ;o @% / k|fOe]6 lnld6]8 ( ;o
%@ j6f btf{ ePsf 5g\ .
pBdL tof/L tyf /f]huf/L l;h{gf sfo{qmd cGtu{t cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df #
xhf/ $ ;o (* hgf pBdL tof/ ePsf lyP eg] rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7
dlxgfsf] cjlw ;Dd # ;o (@ hgfn] o:tf] k|lzIf0f tyf tflnd lnO;s]sf 5g\ .
To:t}, cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(df pBf]u k|j4{gsf nflu @ xhf/ %( hgfsf nflu
ljleGg tflnd tyf k|lzIf0f ;~rfng ul/Psf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf]
k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] cjlw ;Dd # ;o hgf o:tf] k|lzIf0fdf ;xefuL eO;s]sf
5g\ .
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljefu tkm{ cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf
btf{ ePsf s'n ( xhf/ & ;o @ pBf]u dWo] k|fOe]6 kmd{ * xhf/ $ ;o !!,
;fem]bf/L kmd{ % ;o $& / k|fOe]6 lnld6]8tkm{ & ;o $$ j6f btf{ ePsf 5g\ .
oL pBf]uxdf ?= !! ca{ (& s/f]8 *$ nfv # xhf/ k'FhL nufgL ePsf] 5 .
3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ rfxg] OR5's pBdL Joj;foLnfO{
133

9.25

9.26

9.27

9.28

9.29

;Lk ljsf; tyf ;Lk clej[l4 tflnddfkm{t pBdzLntf ljsf; ug{ Pj+ n3' 3/]n'
tyf ;fgf pBdx k|j4{g ug{ :yfkgf ul/Psf] 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u k|lzIf0f
s]Gb|jf6 cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ! xhf/ &* hgfnfO{ ljleGg ljifodf tflnd
k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] eg] rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf * ;o ^# hgfnfO{
tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
g]kfne/ sDkgL btf{ tyf k|zf;g ;DaGwL sfo{ sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{noaf6
x'g] ub{5 . sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{noaf6 cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df !) xhf/ !
;o $% k|fOe]6 lnld6]8, #$ klJns lnld6]8 / %@ d'gfkmf ljt/0f gug]{ sDkgL
:yfkgf ePsf lyP eg] rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf & xhf/ ! ;o #!
k|fOe]6 lnld6]8, @( klJns lnld6]8 / %) d'gfkmf ljt/0f gug]{ sDkgL :yfkgf
ePsf 5g\ . o; sfof{non] btf{ ePsf sDkgLxnfO{ cfgf] k|f]kmfOn ;DalGwt
sDkgLn] cgnfOgdfkm{t -www.cro.gov.np_ df cjnf]]sg ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf
ldnfPsf] 5 .
vfgL tyf e"ue{, vlgh cGj]if0f tyf vlgh sfo{nfO{ ;'lgof]lht tj/n] ;+rfng
u/L g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;Gt'lnt If]qLo ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ff cg'k k|To]s ljsf;
If]qdf l;d]06 pBf]u vf]Ng ljefuLo :t/af6 ePsf] cWoog / cGj]if0f sfo{sf]
kmn:jk pbok'/, wgs'6f, dsjfgk'/, nlntk'/, wflb, :ofhf, c3f{vfFrL, ;'v]{t,
bfF, ;Nofg, a}t8L, kfNkf u/L b]zsf] ljle If]qdf nueu %$ s/f]8 6g
k|dfl0ft, !! s/f]8 6g cw{k|dfl0ft tyf $@ s/f]8 6g ;DefJo u/L s'n ! ca{ &
s/f]8 6g r'g9'f kQf nfu]sf] 5 .
To:t} sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf #! s/f]8 ^! nfv 3g ld6/ k|fs[lts UofF; e08f/,
bf]nvfdf !* s/f]8 6g DofUg];fO{6 vfgL e08f/, nlntk'/ -km'nrf]sL_ / /fd]5fk 7f];]_ df ! s/f]8 6g kmnfd vfgL] e08f/, dsjfgk'/ -sfnL6f/_ / 88]nw'/f jfjgufFp_ df $! nfv 6g tfdf vfgL e08f/, bf, /f]Nkf, kfNkf / c3f{vfFrLdf
%! nfv 6g sf]Onf vlgh e08f/ / /f]Nkf, j}t8L, bfr{'nf, jfdf ;'g, tfdf /
l;;f h:tf l8kf]lh6x kQf nfu]sf 5g .
o;sf cnfjf cGo :yfgxdf kf]lni8 :6f]g, cw{lsdlt kTy/, 8f]nf]dfO6, dfj{n,
kmf]:kf]/fO6, v/L cflb cfly{s kdf nfek|b /x]sf e08f/x kQf nfu]sf 5g .
vlgh cGj]if0f sfo{sf] kmn:jk vfgL e08f/df cfwfl/t pBf]u :yfkgfy{ lghL
nufgLstf{x;Fu ;Df}tf ;Dk ePsf] 5 . o;sf] cnfjf gjnk/f;L -kmnfd_,
kfNkf lhNnfdf r'g9'f tyf ;f]n'v'Dj'sf] tfdfvfgLsf] cGj]if0fsf] sfo{qmd
;+rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ .
t'Gt k|ltkmn k|fKt (Quick Economic Return) x'g] vlgh h:t} r'g9'f, v/L,
dfj{n, h]D; :6f]g -sfO{gfO{6, 6'df{lng, Sjfh{ lqmi6n_, sf]Onf / Sjfhf{O{6df
cfwfl/t ;fgf / df}nf :t/sf vlgh e08f/xsf] cGj]if0fb]lv pTkfbg;Ddsf]
sfo{df lghL nufgLstf{xnfO{ cfslif{t ug]{ gLlt cg'k pQm vlghxsf ;fy}
134

9.30

9.31

xfn wft' vlghtkm{ kmnfd, tfdf / Kn];/ ;'gsf] cGj]if0f sfo{df lghL nuflgstf{
cfslif{t eO{ xfn;Dd sl/j (! j6f pTvgg\ sfo{sf] / % ;o ^@ j6f vf]htnf;
sfo{sf] k|df0f kq k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
e"j}1flgs ;e]{If0f tyf cg';Gwfg sfo{ cGtu{t o; ljefun] b]zsf] ;Dk"0f{ k'Ug
;lsg] ljz]ift r'/] kxf8, dxfef/t >[+vnfsf] ;Dk"0f{ efu / pRr lxdfnL If]qsf]
s]xL efuxsf] k|yd r/0fsf] ef}ule{s ;e]{If0f sfo{ k'/f u/L bf]>f] r/0fsf]
gS;fg z' u/]sf] 5 . Jojl:yt zx/L ljsf; / kmf]x/ d}nf Joj:yfkgsf nflu
e"OlGhlgol/ tyf e"jftfj/0fLo cGj]if0f sfo{ sf7df8f}+ pkTosf, kf]v/f, j'6jn,
e}/xjf, x]6f}8f, w/fg, lj/f6gu/, ;'v]{t, g]kfnu+h, hgsk'/ / wgu9Lsf] ;e]{If0f
sfo{ ;Dk ePsf] 5 .
lxdfnL >[+vnfsf] e"sDkLo cWoog ug{ ;fO{l:ds :6];g :yfkgf u/L e"sDksf]
lgu/fgL tyf /]s8{ u/L 8f6fx ;+sng ug]{ / pQm 8f6fxsf] ljZn]if0f u/L
;f]sf] cfwf/df eljZodf cfpg ;Sg] e"sDkxsf] k'g/fj[lQ ;do / lxdfnosf]
jgf]6 af/] cg';Gwfg ug]{ sfd eO{ /x]sf] 5 .

cf}Bf]lus k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{j|md

9.32

9.33

9.34

d'n'sdf /x]sf k|fs[lts tyf vfgLhGo >f]tdf cfwfl/t ljle k|sf/sf pBf]u
vf]Ng k|f]T;fxg ug]{ p2]Zon] cfly{s jif{ @)^%^^ b]lv ;+rfng ul/Psf] cf}Bf]lus
k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{j|md cGtu{t ;8s kx'Fr, ljB'tLo k|;f/0f nfO{g lj:tf/, ljz]if
cfly{s If]q ljsf; ;ldlt cGtu{t b]zsf ljle !$ :yfgdf ljz]if cfly{s If]q
lj:tf/sf] sfd e}/x]sf] 5 .
cf}Bf]lus k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{j|md cGtu{t ;8s kx'Fr sfo{j|mddf d"ntM l;d]G6
pBf]uxnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/Psf] 5 . xfn bf, kfNkf, kGb]xL, lrtjg, nlntk'/,
dsjfgk'/, l;/fxf, wg'iff / c3f{vfFrLsf ljle efudf :yfkgf tyf ;+rfng
e}/x]sf !# j6f l;d]G6 pBf]uxsf nflu vfgL / pBf]u;Dd kx'Fr dfu{ lgdf{0f /
ljB't k|;f/0f nfOg lgdf{0f sfo{x e}/x]sf 5g\ . ;8s kx'Fr lj:tf/sf] nflu
ul/Psf] k|of; pNn]vgLo /x]sf] ePtfklg xfn;Ddsf] cf};t ef}lts k|ult @#=(
k|ltZft dfq ePsf] b]lvPsf]n] o; If]qdf yk tLj|tf lbg' kg]{ b]lvG5 . ;fy}
xfn;Dd ;8s kx'Frsf] sfo{j|mdn] l;d]G6 pBf]uxnfO{ dfq a9L hf]8 lbPsf]n]
cfufdL lbgdf cGo If]qdf klg ;8s k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ul/g' cfjZos 5 .
;DefJo l;d]G6 pBf]u :yfkgf :yn;Dd cf}Bf]lus k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmd
cGtu{t kx'Fr ;8s lgdf{0f / ljB't\ k|;f/0f nfOg lj:tf/ ug]{ sfo{n] lg/Gt/tf
kfPsf] 5 .
cf}Bf]lus k"jf{wf/sf] kdf ljB't ljsf; / k|zf/0fdf Wofg lbOPsf] 5 . xfn
s';'dxfk'/] !#@ s]=eL= k|;f/0f nfO{g, x]6f}8f !#@ s]=le= ;j:6];g tyf k|;f/0f
nfO{g, ldr}{ofs6f/L !#@ s]=eL= cfof]hgf, ndxL 3f]/fxL !#@ s]=eL= k|;f/0f nfO{g
cfof]hgf ;~rfngdf 5g\ . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df tLg gofF cfof]hgfx
135

;+f}tf eO{ sfof{Gjogsf] r/0fdf /x]sf 5g\ eg] cfly{s jif{ @)&)&! sf nflu
yk tLg cfof]hgfx ;+f}tfsf] nflu k|:tfj ul/Psf] 5 .

ljz]if cfly{s If]q -Special Economy Zone_

9.35

9.36
9.37

cf}Bf]lus gLltdf ljz]if cfly{s If]qsf] :yfkgf ul/g] gLlt adf]lhd /f]huf/L
;[hgf, :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL nufgL cfslif{t, cfoft k|lt:yfkg tyf lgof{t k|j4{g
u/L Jofkf/ 3f6f ;d]t sd ug]{ p2]Zon] b]zsf ljle !$ :yfgxdf ljz]if
cfly{s If]q (SEZ) :yfkgf, lj:tf/ / ;+efJotf cWoog e}/x]sf] 5 . ljz]if cfly{s
If]q ljsf; ;ldlt u7g cfb]z @)^( hf/L ePsf] 5 eg] ;f] u7g cfb]z adf]lhd
;ldlt u7g k|s[ofsf] r/0fdf /x]sf] 5 . e}/xjfdf ljz]if cfly{s If]qsf] k"jf{wf/
lgdf{0fsf sfo{x ;Dk x'g] r/0fdf /x]sf 5g\ eg] l;d/fdf k|f/lDes sfo{x
eO/x]sf 5g\ . ljz]if cfly{s If]q cGtu{t xfn;Dd e}/x]sf] k|ult / jt{dfg cj:yf
tnsf] gS;fdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
cf}Bf]lus If]qdf >d ;DaGwsf] Joj:yfkgdf c;n cf}Bf]lus ;DaGw / cf}Bf]lus
zflGt sfod ug]{ p2]Zon] cf}Bf]lus ;'/Iff ansf] u7g ePsf] 5 .
n3' pBd ljsf; sfo{qmd -Micro Enterprise Develoopment Program
(MEDEP) sf] rf}yf] r/0f sfof{Gjogsf] tof/L e}/x]sf] 5 eg] u|fdL0f If]qdf
u/LaL / a]/f]huf/L ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ p2]Zon] ;~rflnt u/LjL lgjf/0fsf nflu
n3' pBd ljsf; sfo{qmdnfO{ cfGtl/sLs/0f u/L $% lhNnfdf lj:tf/ ul/Psf]
5 . cfufdL % jif{leq ul/jL lgjf/0fsf nflu n3' pBd ljsf; sfo{qmdnfO{
d'n'ssf &% j6} lhNnfdf lj:tf/ ug]{ u/L /0fgLlts of]hgf tof/L sfo{ clGtd
r/0fdf k'u]sf] 5 . n3' tyf ;fgf pBd ljsf; sf]if lgb]{lzsf, @)^( hf/L ePsf]
5 . dlxnf pBdLxsf nflu nlIft u/L dlxnf pBdL sf]if ;+rfng sfo{ljlw,
@)^( :jLs[t ePsf] 5 .

u'0f:t/ tyf gfktf}n

9.38

9.39

rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df !! j6f g]kfn u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f, cg'z/0f /

kl/If0fsf dfkb08x :jLs[t ul/Psf] / yk rf/ j6f j:t'xdf g]kfn u'0f:t/
lrGx clgjfo{ ul/Psf] 5 . National Accreditation Board for Laboratories
(NABL) ef/t;Fu u'0f:t/ tyf gfktf}n ljefusf] Chemical, Good,
Microbiology / Metrology Lab nfO{ Accreditation u/fpg] k|lqmof cl3
a9fOPsf] 5 . g]kfn klZdgf ;+3;Fu klZdgfsf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f ug]{ sfo{df
;dembf/L kq (MOU) eO;s]sf] 5 . ISO 9001:2008 ;DaGwL % j6f
Scopes Accreditation ePsf] 5 .
/fli6o u'0f:t/ sfof{Gjog\ ug{] ;Gbe{df ( ;o && /fli6o u'0f:t/ th'{df eO{
xfn;Dd @ ;o %& j6f j:t'nfO{ g]kfn u'0f:t/ k|bfg u/L pkef]QmfnfO{
u'0f:t/Lo ;fdfgx k|of]udf ;'lglZrttf k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . u'0f:t/ ljefun]
136

lgoldt kdf 6\ofS;Lsf] ld6/ hfFr kDkxsf] z'4tf gfktf}nsf gfdx -9s,
t/fh' cflb_ cg'udg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{

9.40

9.41

9.42

9.43

rLg ;/sf/sf] cfly{s tyf k|fljlws ;xof]udf g]kfn rLg ;Ldf If]qsf] tftf]kfgL
eG;f/ gfsfl:yt nfrf{df cfw'lgs ;'Vvf aGb/ufx (Container Frontier
Station) sf] lznfGof; ePsf] 5 . pQm lgdf{0fwLg ;'Vvf aGb/ufx $=@ x]S6/
If]qkmndf km}lng'sf ;fy} Psk6sdf ! ;o *@ j6f dfnjfxs uf8Lx kfls{
ug{;Sg] ;'ljwf ;lxtsf] x'g]5 . o; ;'Vvf aGb/ufxsf] lgdf{0fkl5 rLgtkm{af6
cfPsf dfnjfxs uf8Lxsf] hfFrkf; nufot ;Dk"0f{ k/LIf0f o; ;'Vvf
aGb/ufxdf x'g]5 . o;sf ;fy} rLgdf x'g] lgsf;Lsf] nflu klg ;a} eG;f/ hfFr
k|lqmof oxfFaf6 g} ;Dk u/L dfnj:t' rLgtkm{ k7fOg]5 . o; Joj:yfn] xfn
g]kfnrLg ;Ldf gfsfdf eO/x]sf] ;fF3'/f]kgf (Congestion) tyf hfFrkf;
k|lqmofdf x'g] l9nf;':tL h:tf ;d:ofsf] cGTo x'g]5 . o; kl/of]hgf cGtu{t
nfrf{ ;'Vvf aGb/ufx b]lv g]kfnrLg ;LdfIf]qsf] ldt]/L k'n;Ddsf] ;8s dfu{sf]
;d]t lj:tf/ ul/g] sfo{qmd /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfn / ef/taLr ljBdfg kf/jxg ;lGwsf] ;dofjlw oxL ;g\ @)!# sf] hgj/L
$ ;Dd sfod /x]sf]df ;lGwsf] Article XI sf] k|fjwfgcg';f/ cfjZos k|lqmof
k'/f u/L pQm df}h'bf ;lGw ;g\ @)@) sf] hgj/L $ ;Ddsf nflu gjLs/0f
ul/Psf] 5 .
lkIfLo, If]qLo tyf ax'kIfLo :t/df x'g] Jofkf/ ;Demf}tf jftf{sf nflu cfjZos
kg]{ ;"rgf tyf tYofx pknAw u/fpg], Jofkf/;Da4 gLlt tyf /0fgLltx
th{'df tyf kl/dfh{gsf nflu gLltut k[i7kf]if0f k|bfg ug]{ tyf g]kfnsf] j}b]lzs
Jofkf/sf] k|j[ltsf] lg/Gt/ cWoog ljZn]if0f u/L cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/af6 clwstd
nfe lng rfNg'kg]{ sbdx af/] 7f]; ;'emfj pknAw u/fpg] k|of]hgsf nflu
Jofkf/ gLlt ljZn]if0f ;+oGq (Trade Policy Analytical Wing) :yfkgf ul/Psf]
5.
g]kfn Jofkf/ PsLs[t /0fgLlt @)!) n] klxrfg u/]sf lgof{t of]Uo j:t' tyf
;]jfxsf] ljsf; / k|j4{gsf nflu ljz]if sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ klZdgf /
cf}iflwo'Qm tyf ;'ulGwt jg:ktLsf] ljsf;sf nflu b'O{ j6f kl/of]hgf k|:tfj
tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . oL b'O{ kl/of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 g]kfnL Rof\u|f klZdgf tyf
h8La'6Lsf] d"No clej[l4, pBdL Joj;foLsf] Ifdtf ljsf;, a|f08sf] k|rf/ k|;f/
cflb eO{ cGt/f{li6o:t/df lgof{t Jofkf/ k|j4{g ug{ dxTjk"0f{ ;xof]u k'Ug] ck]Iff
ul/Psf] 5 .

137

d~h'iff (-s_ M Jofkf/ lj:tf/sf nflu kxn ul/Psf d'Vo k|of;x

g]kfnsf] pBf]u / jfl0fHo If]qdf ;+nUg pTs[i6 lgof{tstf{, nufgLstf{ ,
/f]huf/bftf tyf Joj;foLx / ljb]zL cfoftstf{nfO{ ;Ddfg / sb/ ug{
dxTjk"0f{ Jofj;flos JolQm 5gf}6, ;Ddfg Pj++ ;'ljwf ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw,
@)^( :jLs[t ePsf] 5 .
lgof{tof]Uo cb'jfsf] u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ u/L d"No clej[l4 ug{ emfkf lhNnfdf
cb'jf kl/of]hgf sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] 5 .
g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s tyf cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/ ;xhLs/0f / cGt/ dGqfno
;dGjosf nflu /fli6o Jofkf/ tyf oftfoft ;xhLs/0f ;ldlt (National
Trade and Transport Facilitation Committee) u7g ePsf] 5 .
lgof{thGo h8La'6L ;+sng, e08f/0f, k|zf]wg tyf u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ u/L
plrt d"Nodf lgsf;L ug{ lghL If]qsf] nfut ;fem]bf/Ldf ;'v]{tdf h8La'6L
;+sng tyf Joj;fo k|j4{g s]Gb| :yfkgf ug]{ sfo{ k|f/De ePsf] 5 .
l;+xb/jf/ j}Bvfgfaf6 pTkflbt 5 j6f j:t' -Rojgk|f;, afhLs/, xj{n 6L,
l;nflht, s'i6fbL 6'y kfp8/_ sf] u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ u/L lgof{tof]Uo agfpgsf
nflu pks/0f vl/b tyf u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ sfo{ eO/x]sf] 5 .
sf7df08f}df lghL If]qsf] ;d]t ;xeflutfdf x:tsnf Jofkf/ d]nf /
cGt/f{li6o Jofkf/ d]nf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

cfk"lt{
9.44

9.45

9.46

9.47

b]zdf cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jf ;xh, ;'ne / lgoldtkdf plrt u'0f:t/ /
plrt d"Nodf cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ldnfO{ pkef]Qmfsf] xs lxtsf] ;+/If0f u/L
;'lglZrttf k|bfg ug{ / lgle{s eP/ pkef]u ug]{ cj:yf lgdf{0f ug{sf nflu
cfk"lt{ gLlt, @)^( hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
b]zsf] cTofjZos j:t' tyf ;]jf ;xh, ;'ne / lgoldtkdf plrt u'0f:t/ /
d"Nodf cfk"lt{ Joj:yf ldnfO{ pkef]Qmsf] xslxtsf] ;+/If0f u/L ;'lglZrttf k|bfg
ug{ hf/L ul/Psf] cfk"lt{ gLlt, @)^( sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;ldlt
u7g u/L sfof{Gjog sfo{of]hgf th{'df ug]{ sfo{ eO/x]sf] 5 .
cfGtl/s Jofkf/ gLlt, /fli6o pkef]Qmf gLltsf] d:of}bf tof/L ul/Psf] 5 .
k|efjsf/L ahf/ cg'udgsf nflu ;+o'Qm ahf/ cg'udg lgb]{lzsf, @)^( / /ftf]
lgnf] l;ln08/ k|of]u lgb]{lzsf, @)^( kfl/t eO{ sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] 5 .
jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ Joj:yfkg ljefu, jfl0fHo sfof{nox / lhNnf l:yt
lgl/If0f clws[t ;d]taf6 u/L @)^( kmfu'g d;fGt ;Dd # xhf/ & ;o !(
Joj;foLxsf] ahf/ cg'udg ul/Psf] 5 .
138

ko{6g
9.48

9.49

9.50

9.51

9.52

g]kfn e|d0fdf cfPsf ko{6sxsf] ;+Vof, ltgsf] j[l4b/ tyf a;fO{ cjlwsf]
ljZn]if0f ubf{ @)^& kf}if b]lv @)^* kf}if;Dd -;g\ @)!!_ sf] t'ngfdf @)^* kf}if
b]lv @)^( kf}if ;Dd -;g\ @)!@_ sf] cjlwdf g]kfn cfpg] ko{6sxsf] ;+Vof
(=)* k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ & nfv #^ xhf/ @ ;o !% af6 * nfv # xhf/ (@
k'u]sf] 5 . @)^& k';b]lv @)^* k';;Ddsf] cjlwdf k|lt ko{6s ;/b/ a;fO{
cjlw !#=!@ lbg /x]sf]df @)^* k';b]lv @)^( k';;Ddsf] cjlwdf ;/b/ a;fO{
cjlwdf ;fdfGo x|f; e} !@=*& lbg x'g cfPsf] 5 .
@)^* kf}ifb]lv @)^( kf}if;Dd -;g\ @)!@_ sf] cjlwdf g]kfn cfpg] s'n ko{6s
dWo] $#=#) k|ltzt ofqfe|d0f, !#=%( k|ltzt kbofqf / kj{tf/f]x0f, !@=&^
k|ltzt tLy{ofqL, $=)( k|ltzt dgf]/~hg, #=!% k|ltzt Jofkf/, #=*% k|ltzt
cf}krfl/s, !=&! k|ltzt ;ef;]ldgf/, )=@@ k|ltzt /fl6, !$=(( k|ltztn]
cGo p2]Zo ;lxt g]kfn e|d0f u/]sf 5g\ .
o; cjlwdf s'n ko{6s cfudg dWo] b]zut kdf ;a}eGbf a9L ko{6s cfpg]
kfFr d'n'sxdf ef/taf6 @)=^) k|ltzt, rLgaf6 *=() k|ltzt, >Ln+sfaf6
&=*) k|ltzt, ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfaf6 ^=) k|ltzt tyf ;+o'Qm clw/fHoaf6 %=)
k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . ut jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf ef/taf6 @)=) k|ltzt, rLgaf6
*=$) k|ltzt, >Ln+sfaf6 *=!) k|ltzt, ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfaf6 %=&) k|ltzt
tyf ;+o'Qm clw/fHoaf6 %=) k|ltzt ko{6s g]kfn cfPsf lyP .
ko{6g If]qsf] ljsf;sf] nflu pRr:t/Lo tyf cfwf/e't :t/sf] hgzlQm
pTkfbgdf of]ubfg k'ofpg ;/sf/L If]qdf g]kfn ko{6g tyf xf]6n Joj:yfkg
k|lti7fgaf6 ljut # jif{df pRr:t/Lo sf]if{df Bachelor of Hotel
Management (BHM) tk{m @ ;o &* / Bachelor of Tourism & Travel
Management (BTTM) tk{m @ ;o #& hgf cWoog/t /x]sf] / dlxnf tyf
k'ifx nueu %)%) k|ltzt /x]sf 5g\ eg] ko{6g tyf xf]6n pBf]udf
cfjZos kg]{ pRr :t/Lo z}lIfs hgzlQmsf] cfjZostfnfO{ dx;'; u/L cfly{s
jif{ @)^&^* b]lv Master of Hotel Management (MHM) klg z' u/L xfn
^* hgf cWoog/t /x]sf 5g\ .
cfwf/e't, dWod:t/Lo tyf ;'k/efO{h/L txsf tfnLdx tk{m ljut # jif{df
tfnLd xf]6n tkm{ # ;o *), 6'/ tyf 6fen tkm{ ^ ;o (, 6]ls tkm{ @ xhf/ $
;o (^, cGo ko{6g ;DaGwL ! xhf/ ! ;o %* hgf / df]km;ndf ;+rfng ePsf
3'DtL tyf xf]d:6] tfnLddf * ;o %$ hgf u/L s'n % xhf/ $ ;o (& hgfn]
tfnLd k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . k|lti7fgaf6 @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g dlxgf;Dd ljleGg
:t/sf ## xhf/ % ;o @# hgzlQm pTkfbg ePsf 5g\ . k|lzlIft hgzlQmn]
:j/f]huf/ eO{ cfk\mg} Joj;fo ;+rfng u/L cfPsf 5g\ eg] s]xL hgzlQm j}b]lzs
/f]huf/df klg uPsf b]lvG5g\ . u|fld0f ko{6g tyf xf]d:6] tflnd tkm{ tf/fufpF
139

ljsf; ;ldltdfkm{t ljleGg lHfNnfsf @) :yfgsf @)^ hgfnfO{ xf]d:6] ;~rfng

;DaGwL tflnd lbOPsf] 5 .
9.53 ko{6g;Fu ;DalGwt z}lIfs cWoog tyf tflndxsf] ;~rfngaf6 o; If]qdf
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df z}lIfs sf]if{ tkm{ @ ;o @* hgf / tflndx tkm{ !
xhf/ $ ;o &@ hgf u/L hDdf ! xhf/ & ;o / rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf]
kmfu'g d;fGt;Dddf z}lIfs sf]if{ tkm{ @ ;o ! hgf / tflndx tkm{ ! xhf/ !
;o @$ hgf u/L hDdf ! xhf/ # ;o @% hgf yk bIf hgzlQm tof/ ePsf
5g\ . xfn;Dd k|lti7fgaf6 pTkflbt hgzlQm ;+Vof ## xhf/ % ;o #% k'u]sf]
5.
d~h'iff ( -v_ M ko{6g If]qsf] d'Vo pknlAwx
ljZj ;Dkbf ;"rLdf ;"rLs[t zfSod"gL a'4sf] hGd:yn n'lDjgLnfO{ ljZjsf] k|d'v
tLy{:ynsf] kdf ljsf; ug]{ / n'lDjgL If]qsf] ljsf;sf] nflu /fli6o tyf
cGt/f{li6o ;xof]u cfXjfg ug]{ p2]Zo;lxt ;g\ @)!@ nfO{ n'lDagL e|d0f jif{sf]
kdf dgfOPsf] lyof] .
g]kfn e|d0f jif{ ;g\\ @)!@ df o; If]qdf % nfv #( xhf/ @ ;o !) cfGtl/s
ko{6s, ! nfv @) xhf/ % ;o *# ef/tLo tyf ! nfv #^ xhf/ ! t];|f] d'n'ssf
u/L s'n & nfv (% xhf/ & ;o ($ tLy{ofqLxn] e|d0f u/]sf 5g\ . o;/L o;
kfjg If]qdf tLy{ofqLsf] ;+Vof ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf #% k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 .
n'lDagLsf] k|rf/k|;f/df Jofkstf, ;'ljwfo'Qm xf]6nxsf] a[l4, e}/xjfn'lDjgL ;8s
v08sf] :t/f]GgtL tyf oL nufot ;du|df n'lDjgL e|d0f jif{n] n'lDjgL If]qsf] ko{6g
k|j{4gdf ;sf/ffTds k|efj k/]sf] 5 .
sd{rf/LxnfO{ jif{df Ps k6s ofqf ;x'lnot (Travel Incentives) lbO{ d'n'ssf
ljleGg uGtJo:ynxdf e|d0f u/fO{ cGtl/s ko{6g k|j{4g ug]{ p2]Zosf ;fy
ljleGg :yfgdf ofqf ;x'lnot ;lxt cfGtl/s e|d0fdf k7fOPsf] 5 .
g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudsf] nflu cGt/f{li6o p8fgsf nflu @ j6f / cfGtl/s p8fgsf
nflu slDtdf ^ j6f ljdfg vl/b ;fy} @ j6f Gof/f] al8 ljdfg vl/b ug{ k'/fgf]
6]08/ k|fKt sDkgL;Fu jftf{ ePsf] / ;g\ @)!$ sf] cGt;Dddf k|fKt x'g] cj:yf
/x]sf] 5 . cfGtl/s p8fgsf nflu ^ j6f hxfhsf] nflu rfOlgh ljdfg sDkgL
AVIC International Holding Corporation / g]kfn jfo';]jf lgud aLr ldlt
@)^( d+l;/ !$ df x:tfIf/ ePsf] 5 .
9.54

g]kfn cfpg] kj{tf/f]x0f bn / kj{tf/f]xLxsf] l:ylt x]bf{ @)^& k';b]lv @)^*

k';;Dd -;g\ @)!!_ df kj{tf/f]x0f bnsf] ;+Vof @ ;o %( /x]sf]df @)^* k';b]lv
140

9.55

9.56

@)^( k';;Dd -;g\ @)!@_ df # ;o k'u]sf] 5 eg] kj{tf/f]xLxsf] ;+Vof ;d]t !

xhf/ ( ;o %! af6 @ xhf/ % ;o ^^ k'u]sf] 5 . ;f] cjlwdf g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{
k|fKt x'g] /f]oN6L @)^& k';b]lv @)^* k';;Dd -;g\ @)!!_ sf] t'ngfdf !!
s/f]8 @^ nfv ^( n] j[l4 eO{ #$ s/f]8 %! nfv ^! xhf/ k'u]sf] 5 .
ko{6g pBf]udf btf{ e} juL{s[t ePsf xf]6n dWo] @)^& k';b]lv @)^* k';;Ddsf]
cjlw -;g\ @)!@_ df tf/f :t/sf] xf]6n ;+Vof ! ;o ^ /x]sf]df @)^* k'; b]lv
@)^( k';;Ddsf] cjlw -;g\ @)!@_ df ;f] ;+Vof ! ;o & k'u]sf] 5 . tf/f :t/sf]
xf]6n afx]ssf] ko{6s :t/Lo xf]6n, nh tyf l/;f]6{sf] ;+Vof @)^& k'; b]lv
@)^* k';;Ddsf] & ;o @! af6 & ;o $^ k'u]sf] 5 . tf/f :t/sf xf]6nsf]
z}ofsf] ;+Vof cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ;+Vofdf $* j6f z}of yk eO{ ( xhf/ # ;o &!
z}of k'u]sf] 5 eg] tf/] xf]6n afx]s ko{6s:t/Lo xf]6n, nh tyf l/;f]6{sf] z}of
;+Vof * ;o @( j6f yk eO{ @@ xhf/ @ ;o *^ k'u]sf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ko{6g If]qaf6
cflh{t ljb]zL d'b|f % ca{ #( s/f]8 #) nfvn] a9\g uO{ ?= #) ca{ &) s/f]8 #*
nfv k'u]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dddf ?= @! ca{ $%
s/f]8 a/fa/sf] ljb]zL d'b|f cfh{g ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd
cf7 dlxgfdf cflh{t ljb]zL d'b|fsf] c+z s'n j:t' lgof{taf6 k|fKt ljb]zL d'b|fsf]
#*=@ k|ltzt, s'n j:t' lgof{t Pj++ ;]jfaf6 k|fKt ljb]zL d'b|fsf] !*=$ k|ltzt /
cflh{t s'n ljb]zL d'b|fsf] $=* k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
rf6{ ( -s_ ko{6g If]qaf6 cflh{t ljb]zL d'b f|
50.0
45.0

40.0

k|ltztdf

35.0
30.0
25.0
20.0
15.0

10.0
5.0
0.0

cfo jif{
j:t' lgof{taf6

j:t' tyf ;]jf lgof{t

s'n ljb]zL d'bf|

s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg

;|f]tM g]kfn /i6 a}

9.57

rfn' cfly{s jif{df ko{6g k|j{4g tkm{ Eff/tdf -gofF lbNnL, sf]nsfQf, a}nf]/,
d'DaO{df r]GgfO{, k'0f], cxdbfjfb, ;'/t_, lkmlnlkG;, hfkfg, rLg, ci6]lnof,
a+unfb]z, yfOn}08, l;+ufk'/, dn]l;of, Kf|mfG;, ;+o'Qm clw/fHo, lgb/n}08, Hfd{gL,
141

:k]g, O6fnLdf lghL ko{6g Joj;foLxsf ;fy ko{6g d]nfdf ;kmntfk"j{s

;xeflutf / ef/t, 8]gdfs{, gj{], l:j8]gdf g]kfnL ko{6g Joj;foLxsf ;fy
;]N; ld;gsf] ;kmntfk"j{s cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . k|j{4gfTds ;fdu|Ltkm{ !!
efiffdf Travelers' Information, #@ k|sf/sf a|f]z/, % y/Lsf a'sn]6, ( y/Lsf
kf]i6/, ;L8L l8lel8, slkm6]an a's, kmf]N8/, Aofu, gS;f, kf]i6sf8{, Ogkmf]s;
nufotsf k|j4{gfTds ;fdu|Lxsf] k|sfzg tyf ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} g]kfn
ko{6g af]8{sf] j]a ;fO6nfO{ kl/dfh{g tyf ko{6sxsf] cfjZostf cg'k
cBfjlws ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf ( -r_ M ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfnosf] pknlAwx
ljj/0f
@)^* k';;Dd
@)^( k';;Dd
ko{6g cfjfudg
&, #^, @!%
*, )#, )(@
ko{6g a;fO cjlw -lbgdf_
!#=!@
!@=*&
ko{6gaf6 k|fKt cfo -?= s/f]8_
@$^!=!)
#)&)=#*
k|lt ko{6s cfo -?=_
##$@(
#*@#)
k|lt ko{6s k|lt lbg vr{ -?=_
@%$*
@(&)
k|lt cd]l/sL 8n/ cf};t ljlgdo b/ -?=_
&*
*%=)%
k|lt ko{6s k|lt lbg vr{
#@=^&
#$=(#
-cd]l/sL 8n/ j/fj/_
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -?= s/f]8_
!%#^))
!&)!!(
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgdf of]ubfg
!=^
!=*
-k|ltzt_
k|ToIf /f]huf/ -xhf/df_
!!)
!^)
lgoldt p8fgdf g]kfn cfpg]
@&
@^
cGt/f{li6o ljdfg ;]jf -;+Vofdf_
;|f]tM ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno, g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu

r'gf}tLx
9.58

9.59

9.60

cf}Bf]lus ;'/Iffsf] sdhf]/ cj:yf, c;xh >d ;DaGw, cl:y/ /fhgLlts cj:yf
/ ljB't cfk"lt{sf] sdLsf sf/0f ck]lIft nufgL Pj++ Jofkf/ d}qL jftfj/0f ljsf;
x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
lgsf;LhGo pBf]uxnfO{ pTkfbgd"ns cfly{s If]qx -s[lif, jg, ko{6g cflb_
;Fu PsLs[t ug{ g;Sg', clwsf+z lgof{tof]Uo j:t'x cfofltt sRrf kbfy{df
cfwfl/t x'g', lgsf;LnfO{ 6]jf k'Ug] u/L kof{Kt dfqfdf ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf;
x'g g;Sg' Pj++ ePsf k"jf{wf/x klg k"0f{ pkof]udf cfpg g;Sg' / k|d'v
lgsf;LhGo pTkfbgxsf] lglZrt dfkb08 cg';f/sf] u'0f:t/ sfod tyf ;f]sf]
k|dfl0fs/0fsf] ;+:yfut Ifdtf cGt/f{li6o dfkb08 cg'k x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
jfl0fHo k|zf;g, ahf/ cg'udg / ahf/ ;+/If0ftkm{ lhNnfl:yt sfof{noxaf6
ljeQm kdf sfo{ ;Dkfbg x'Fbf lgsfout ;dGjosf] sdL /x]sf]n] lgsfout
142

9.61

9.62

9.63

9.64

;dGjonfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg' kg]{ cj:yf /x]sf] 5 .

pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0fsf nflu ;/f]sf/ lgsfox, u[xdGqfno / lhNnf k|zf;g
sfof{nox, g]kfn u'0f:t/ tyf gfktf}n ljefu, / cGt/{utsf lgsfox, vfB
k|ljlw tyf u'0f lgoGq0f ljefu / sfof{nox, cf}iflw Joj:yf ljefu / cGt/ut
sfof{nox / cGo pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f ;DaGwL ;+3 ;+:yfx aLr ;dGjo /
;xsfo{ gx'Fbf ahf/ cg'udg sfo{ k|efjsf/L x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . o;sf nflu cGt/
lgsfo ;dGjo / ;xsfo{sf nflu pko'Qm ;+oGqsf] ljsf; ug{' kg]{ cj:yf /x]sf]
5.
l;lG8s]6 / sf6]{ln h:tf ljs[lt lgoGq0fsf nflu s]lGb|o tyf ljle k|zf;lgs
lgsfoxaf6 Plss[t kdf g} kxn x'g'kg]{ cfjZostf /x]sf] ;Gbe{df u[x
dGqfno, >d tyf /f]huf/ dGqfno, pBf]u dGqfno, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{
dGqfnoaLr ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ x'g cfjZos 5 . o;sf nflu ;+:yf btf{ P]g
nufot cGo ;DalGwt P]gdf ;+;f]wg u/L sf6]{ln / l;l08s]6 ug{ gkfpg] :ki6
Joj:yf ug{'kg]{ cfjZostf /x]sf] 5 .
ko{6g If]qn] d'n'ssf] cy{tGqdf k'ofPsf] of]ubfg af/] oyfy{ kdf osLg ub}{
ko{6g If]qnfO{ /fli6o k|fyldstf k|fKt If]qsf] kdf :yflkt ug{ bL3{sflng kdf
Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg] ;'ljwf / ;x'lnotxsf ;DaGwdf ;'/Iff, ef}lts lgdf{0f,
oftfot nufotsf gLltnfO{ kl/dfh{g u/L ko{6g d}qL agfpg' kg]{ cfjZostf
/x]sf] 5 .
PsLs[t ko{6sLo k'jf{wf/ ljsf; u/L ko{6gnfO{ u|fld0f If]qdf k'ofpg ;du|
ko{6g Joj;fo / ljz]if ul/ kj{tf/f]x0f, kbofqf / xf]d :6] ko{6gnfO{ :yfgLo
;d'bfo, 4G4 kLl8t, lk5l8Psf] ju{n] ;d]t nfe lng] Joj:yf ug{' kg]{ cfjZostf
/x]sf] 5 .

143

!)= ef}lts k"jf{wf/

!)= ef}lts k"jf{wf/

zx/L ljsf;
cfjf; ljsf;
10.1

10.2

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dd ;x/L If]q ljsf; tyf ahf/ s]Gb| cWoog sfo{qmd
egL cfjf; ljsf; sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . o; sfo{qmd cGtu{t cfly{s
jif{ @)^*^( df 8f]6Ldf lgb]{lzt hUuf ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] of]hgf tof/ ul/Psf],
#! ahf/ s]Gb|sf] ef}lts ljsf; of]hgf sfo{Gjog sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePsf], &
:yfgsf] ef}lts ljsf; of]hgf k|ltj]bg sfof{Gjog ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L ljleGg $!
:yfgsf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, ! ;o && j6f ;fd'bflos ejg / ^ j6f 7"nf
ejgx -dx]Gb|gf/fo0f lglw ldlynf ;fF:s[lts s]Gb|, bf]nvf l;+u6Ldf 5fqfjf;,
lrtjg /Tggu/ ;efxn, :of\hf k'tnLahf/df ;efxn, a'6jndf ;efxn /
uf]/vf k[YjLgf/fo0f gu/kflnsf kf]v/Lyf]sdf ;efxn_ agfpg] sfo{ rfn' /x]sf
5g\ . cWoogsf] xsdf !$ ahf/ s]Gb|sf] ef}lts ljsf; of]hgf tof/ u/L d'Vo
d'Vo k"jf{wf/xsf] lj:t[t cfof]hgf k|ltj]bg -l8= lk= cf/=_ tof/ ug]{, $ j6f
;efxn lgdf{0fsf] nflu lj:t[t OlGhlgol/ l8hfOg tof/ ug]{, :jfOn 6]i6 ug]{ bf]nvfsf] led]Zj/df, uf]/vfsf] k[YjLgf/fo0f gu/kflnsf kf]v/Lyf]s ahf/df,
/Tggu/ / 8f]6L gu/kflnsfdf_ / ljleGg & j6f u'of]hgf, cWoog, k|f]kmfOn,
sfg'g gLlt kl/dfh{g, jfOn tof/ ug]{ h:tf sfo{x ePsf lyP .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf o; sfo{qmd cGtu{t #( ahf/
s]Gb|x / cGo &( :yfgsf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf; eO/x]sf], lghL If]qsf]
;fe]mbf/Ldf If]qLo ;b/d'sfdlhNnf ;b/d'sfddf ;efxn lgdf{0f cGtu{t
/Tggu/, lbkfon / a'6jn gu/kflnsfdf ;efxn, :yfgLo lgsfo;Fu ;xsfo{ u/L
k'tnLahf/ gu/kflnsfdf %)) JolQm Ifdtfsf] ;efxn, dx]Gb| gf/fo0f lgwL
ldlynf ;fF:s[lts s]Gb| ejgsf ;fy} cGo !&^ ;fd'bflos ejgxsf] lgdf{0fsf]
sfo{ ljleGg r/0fdf /xsf 5g\ . o;}u/L ljleGg % :yfgsf] ef}lts ljsf; of]hgf
tof/Lsf] sfo{ eO/x]sf], ljleGg ^ :yfgsf] ef}lts ljsf; of]hgf sfof{Gjog
eO/x]sf] 5 eg] lgb]{lzt hUuf ljsf; ;~rfng ug]{, ;fgf ;x/ / ahf/ s]Gb|xsf]
k|f/lDes ;"rL tof/ ug]{, hUuf tyf cfjf; ljsf; rqmsf]if lgb]{lzsf tof; ug]{,
k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 lj:yflkt / hf]lvddf k/]sf kl/jf/xsf] k'gjf{;sf] nflu hUuf
vl/b tyf ;fj{hlgs lgdf{0f h:tf sfo{ ljleGg r/0fdf sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf 5g\ .

;fgf zx/ ahf/ ljsf;af6 u|fdL0f ljsf;

10.3

ufp+ tyf zx/sf aLr cGt/;DaGw clej[l ub}{ ;fgf zx/df zx/L k"jf{wf/sf]
ljsf; u/L zx/L ;'ljwf a9fpg] / eljiodf gu/kflnsfsf] nflu cfjZos
k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ug]{, zx/L If]qdf j;fO{ ;/fO{sf] qmd 36fpg], u|fdL0f k"jf{wf/sf]
144

10.4

ljsf; u/L ufpFj:tLdf pTkflbt j:t"xsf] ahf/ ljsf;f/f ul/jL 36fpg]

p2]Zon] ;fgf ;x/ ahf/ ljsf;af6 u|fld0f ljsf; sfo{qmd cGt/ut cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df u|fld0f zx/L If]qdf u|fld0f tyf zx/L cGt/;DaGw clej[l ug{
ljleGg ^@ ;fgf zx/sf] u' of]hgfef}lts ljsf; of]hgf cWoog k|ltj]bg
sfof{Gjog ul/ zx/L k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf sfo{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf lyP eg] ljleGg
;fgf zx/xsf] -afh'/fsf] dft{8L, d'u'sf] udu9L, kGb]xLsf] d0fLu|fd, wg'iffsf]
wg'iffwfd, vf]6fsf] lbSt]n / jlb{ofsf] e'/LufpF_ u"of]hgfef}lts ljsf; of]hgf
th{'df u/L l8=lk=cf/= tof/ ug'{sf ;fy} ljleGg ^ :yfgdf lgb{]lzt hUUff ljsf;
sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ePsf lyP .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df u|fdL0f zx/L If]qdf u|fdL0f tyf zx/L cGt/;DjGw
clej[l ug{ $@ ;fgf zx/sf] u' of]hgfef}lts ljsf; of]hgf cWoog k|ltj]bg
sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf] 5 eg] kj{tsf] s'Zdfdf lgb{]lzt hUuf ljsf; sfof{Gjog ug{]
sfo{ eO/x]sf] 5 . o;}u/L afh'/fsf] dft{8L, /f]Nkfsf] ;'lnrf}/, nDh'sf] ;'Gb/ahf/,
/;'jfsf] :ofk|m'j];L, 8f]Nkfsf] b'g} ahf/ / jfh'/fsf] sf]N6L ;fgf zx/sf] ef}lts
ljsf; of]hgf tof/ u/L d'Vo d'Vo k"jf{wf/xsf] lj:t[t OlGhlhol/ l/kf]6{ tof/
ug{] sfo{ eO/x]sf] 5 .

PsLs[t sfo{d"ns of]hgf

10.5

10.6

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( b]lv :yfgLo lgsfoxsf] nfut ;xeflutfdf #

gu/kflnsfxsf] -Aof;, bds / ;'v{]t_ l8lh6n cj{g j]; Dofk tof/ ePsf], &
gu/kflnsfxsf] -nlntk'/, l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] rf}tf/f, tfKn]h'sf] tfKn]h', u'NdLsf]
tD3f;, jlb{ofsf] /fhfk'/, /f}tx6sf] uf}/ / sf7df8f}+_ cfjlws of]hgf th'{df sfo{
eO/x]sf] 5 eg] ut cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df ;' eO{ ;DkGg x'g af+sL @
gu/kflnsfsf] -k'tnL ahf/ / eb|k'/_ cfjlws of]hgf ;DkGg ePsf lyP .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df gu/kflnsfxsf] nfut ;xeflutfdf l8lh6n cj{g
j]z Dofk tof/ ug{] sfo{ rfn' /x]sf]df eQmk'/ gu/kflnsf / eb|k'/ gu/kflnsfsf]
ljBdfg j]z DofknfO{ cj{g Dofkdf :t/f]Gglt ug{] sfo{ ;' ePsf], j'6jn /
n]vgfy gu/kflnsfdf hUuf ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] ;+efJotf cWoog sfo{ ;DkGg
ePsf] 5 . gu/kflnsfsf] nfut ;xeflutfdf sf7df8f}+sf] cfjlws of]hgf th'{df
ug]{, nlntk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf] k'g/fjnf]sg u/L of]hgf th'{df ug]{ sfo{
eO/x]sf] 5 . o;}u/L aNv' blIf0fsfnL sf]/L8f]/df /x]sf] 6f}bx kf]v/L If]qsf]
l8lh6n OlGhlgol/ l8hfOg tof/ ug{], k;f{ kf]]vl/ofsf] hUuf Plss/0f
cfof]hgfsf] l8lh6n OlGhlgol/ l8hfOg / Nof08 l/P8h:6d]G6 Knfg tof/ ug{],
zx/L of]hgf th'{dfsf nflu Knflg gd{z tyf :6\of088{ tof/ ug]{, /fli6o zx/L
gLltsf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf k'g/fjnf]sg u/L zx/L gLltsf] kl/dfh{g ug]{,
gu/kflnsfxsf] cfjlws of]hgf th'{df lgb]{lzsf @)^( kl/dfh{g ug]{, zx/L
If]qxsf] nflu df]8]n ljlN8 jfO{n tof/ ug]{, gu/ ljsf; ;ldltsf] ef}lts
145

ljsf; of]hgf th'{df ug]{ -df]/sf] pnf{jf/L / u'NdLsf] tD3f; gu/ ljsf; ;ldlt
If]qsf]_ h:tf sfo{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ .

ljz]if ef}lts tyf k"jf{wf/ ljsf;

10.7

10.8

cfly{s aif{ @)^*^( df ljleGg % :yfgxsf] j]z Dofkx tof/ u/L lbuf]
ljsf;sf cjwf/0ff cg'k u'of]hgf th{'df sfo{ ePsf], ljleGg #( :yfgxsf]
ef}lts tyf k"jf{wf/ ljsf; lgdf{0f tyf dd{t sfo{ ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
o;}u/L @%& ljz]if :yfgxsf] ef}lts tyf k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f tyf dd{t ;'wf/sf
sfo{x ePsf lyP .
cfly{s aif{ @)^(&) df ljleGg ## :yfgxdf ef}lts tyf k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{
;~rfng eO{/x]sf] 5 eg] ljleGg !(@ ljz]if :yfgxsf] ef}lts tyf k"jf{wf/
lgdf{0f tyf dd{t sfo{ :yfgLo hg;xeflutfdf kl/rfng ug]{ lbuf] ljsf;sf]
cjwf/0ff cg'k !# :yfgxsf] u'of]hgf tof/L sfo{ rfn' /x]sf] 5 eg]
;fnj;fnL kdf cfof]hgfsf] tkm{jf6 u'of]hgf tof/ eO{ sfof{Gjog eO{/x]sf
sf7df8f+} lhNnf uf]s0f{]Zj/ dxfb]j dlGb/ If]q, 6f}bx If]q, ah|of]lugL dlGb/ If]q,
eQmk"/sf] ;'o{ljgfos dlGb/ Pj+ rfFu"gf/fo0f If]qxdf jftfj/0f ;'wf/ tyf
;/;kmfO{ sfo{ lg/Gt/ kdf ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ .

;3g zx/L ljsf;

10.9

b]zsf k|d'v zx/xdf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ug{ ;3g ;x/L ljsf; sfo{qmd
;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 . o; sfo{qmdsf] d'Vo p2]zodf Jojl:yt zx/Ls/0f tyf
jftfj/0fLo ;'wf/ ug]{ /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ljleGg :yfgsf] zx/L
If]qdf zx/L k"jf{wf/ tyf jftfj/0fLo ;'wf/sf] sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf], @#
gu/kflnsfxsf] cfjlws of]hgfef}lts ljsf; of]hgf sfof{Gjog ePsf], @%
gu/kflnsfxdf gd'gfsf kdf /]g jf6/ xfe{l:6 / k'ge{/0f ;DaGwL ;fd'bflos
ljBfnoxdf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L $ gu/kflnsfdf kf]e6L{
Doflkn] Olt u/]sf ;fgf k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ePsf] -O6x/L,
sdnfdfO{, kgf}tL, e/tk'/_, $ :yfgdf cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& sf] lg8 Pl;;d]G6
k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df Plss[t k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePsf] -/fhlj/fh,
hgsk'/, dn+ujf, slknj:t'_, dWo kxf8L nf]sdfu{ / pQ/blIf0f sf]l/8f]/sf]
cf;kf;df kg{] !) j6f zx/xsf] d'Vo k"jf{wf/xsf] l8=lk=cf/= tof/ ug{] sfo{
ePsf], !) dWo] Ps zx/sf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf] nflu hUuf clwu|x0f ul/Psf], #
:yfgdf cfw'lgs zx/ lgdf{0fsf] nflu d'Vo d'Vo k"jf{wf/xsf] ljsf; sfo{ ePsf]
-t]x|y'dsf] j;Gtk'/ad], l;Gw'nLsf] v'sf]{6, kfFry/sf] lkmlbd, wflbsf] uN5L j}/gL,
tgx'Fsf] 8'd|] eG;f/, jfUn'sf] a'lt{jf,] s'dsf] rf}/xhf/L, b}n]vsf] /fds s0ff{nL,
c5fdsf] ;fFk]mau/, a}t8Lsf] kf6g_, ^ 7"nf zx/L sf]/L8f]/sf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf;
sfo{qmd qmdfut kdf ;~rfng ePsf] -b'xaLOgjfOtx/Lw/fg, kfFrvfn
146

w'lnv]nag]kfkgf}tL, kf]v/fn]vgfyb'n]uf}8f, slknj:t'n'lDagLl;fy{gu/

a'6jn, ;'v]{tbz/yk'/l5Gr', cQl/ofwgu9L_, # gu/kflnsfdf -w/fg, led]Zj/,
slknj:t'_ df x]NbL l;6L sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf /x]sf lyP . ljleGg !( :yfgdf
cWoog, of]hgf k|ltj]bg, ufO8nfOg tof/ ug{] sfo{ ePsf lyP.
10.10 cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df ^ 7"nf sf]/L8f]/sf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf
/x]sf] 5 . @$ gu/kflnsfxsf] cfjlws of]hgfef}lts ljsf; of]hgf
;~rfngdf /x]sf], ( gof+ zx/ lgdf{0fsf nflu ljleGg k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf sfd eO{
/x]sf] 5 . o;}u/L $ :yfgdf cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& sf] lg8 Pl;;d]G6sf] cfwf/df
k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, @ :yfgdf hUuf PsLs/0f cfof]hgf ;DaGwL k"jf{wf/ ljsf; /
cGo k"jf{wf/x ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ . led]Zj/ / slknj:t'df x]NbLl;6L,
g]kfnu+hdf Osf]l;6L h:tf sfo{qmdx ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ .

demf}nf zx/ PsLs[t zx/L tyf jftfj/0f ;'wf/

10.11

demf}nf ;x/ PsLs[t ;x/L tyf jftfj/0f ;'wf/ cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog ePsf ^
j6f gu/kflnsfxdf -ag]kf, kgf}tL, w'lnv]n, lj/f6gu/, lj/u+h / a'6jn_
;dfj]zL cfly{s pGglt tyf :jf:Yo l:yltdf ;'wf/ u/L gu/jf;Lsf] hLjg :t/
j[l4 ug]{ nIo /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df oL ^ j6f gu/kflnsfx dWo]
$ j6f gu/kflnsfxsf] nflu Design and Supervision Consultant tyf u}/
;/sf/L ;+:yf;Fu ;Demf}tf ePsf], sfe|] EofnL PsLs[t vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfsf nflu
sG6ofS6 ;Demf}tf ePsf], lj/f6gu/ gu/kflnsfdf ul/g] lgdf{0f sfo{ -;8s ;'wf/
tyf k|zf]wgzfnf ;lxtsf] 9n k|0ffnL_ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] lj8 gf]l6; k|sfzg ul/Psf]
/ lj/u+hsf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf] l86]n l8hfOg tof/ ePsf] 5 .

aflx/L rqmky ljsf; cfof]hgf

10.12

cfly{s jif{ @)^!^@ b]lv z' ePsf] o; cfof]hgfsf] hUuf Plss/0f ug]]{ sfo{sf]
nflu Knflg / OlGhlgo/L l8hfOgsf] ;Demf}tf ePsf], jftfj/0fLo ;fdflhs
k|efj d"Nofgsf] ;fy} ;t'+un b]lv k}ofF6f/ ;Dd !) ls=dL l8=kL=cf/= sfo{sf]
kmfOgn l/kf]6{ tof/ ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] bf];|f] rf}dfl;s
cjlw;Dddf l8=lk=cf/= tof/ ug]{ sfo{ -@& ls=dL=;fnj;fnL_ ;t'+un b]lv k}Fof6f/
;Dd !) ls=ld=sf] clGtd k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePsf] 5 .

ejg lgdf{0f ;+lxtf, ;/sf/L ejg lgdf{0f

10.13

o; sfo{qmdsf] p2]Zo ejg ;+lxtf tof/ u/L o;sf] sfof{Gjog ug,]{ ;/sf/L ejg
lgdf{0f ug]{ tyf df}h'bf ;/sf/L ejgxsf] cj:yf ;d]t b]lvg] u/L ;/sf/L
ejgsf] clen]v ;+sng, j}slNks lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lsf] klxrfg tyf b}jL k|sf]k Pj+
e"sDkLo k|efjaf6 ;'/lIft / lskmfotL kdf ;/sf/L ejgxsf] lgdf{0f ug]{
/x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ;x/L ljsf; tyf ejg lgdf{0f ljefusf]
147

sfof{no ejg, l8lehg sfof{noxsf sfof{nocfof]hgfsf sfof{no ejg !#

j6f ejg / cGo !% j6f ;/sf/L ejg lgdf{0f sfo{ rfn' /x]sf lyP . o; qmddf
nlntk'/ jf8] uf+p l:yt s[i0f k|;fb e/fO{ cf>d lgdf{0f sfo{ qmdfut kdf
lgdf{0f sfo{ rfn' ul/Psf], ^ j6f ;/sf/L;fd"bflos ejgsf] k|jlns/0f ug{] sfo{
;~rfngdf /x]sf, a'6jn, lj/u+h / hgsk'/ gu/kflnsfnfO{ ejg ;+lxtf nfu' ug{
;Ifd ug{ On the job training ug]{ h:tf sfo{ ;~rfng ePsf lyP .
10.14

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df ;x/L ljsf; tyf ejg lgdf{0f ljefusf] sfof{no ejg,
ljleGg l8lehg sfof{noxsf sfof{nocfof]hgfsf sfof{no ejg !# qmdfut
kdf lgdf{0f eO/x]sf] 5 . o:t} l8lehg sfof{no /f]Nkfsf] ;fO6 sfof{no ejg
;lxt ^ j6f gofF ejg lgdf{0f sfo{ z' ePsf], nlntk'/ jf8]ufFp l:yt s[i0f
k|;fb e/fO{ cf>d ;lxt !@ j6f ejgx qmdfut kdf lgdf{0f sfo{ rfn'
/x]sf, $ j6f ;/sf/L;fd'bflos ejgsf] k|anLs/0f ug{] sfo{ rfn' cfly{s jif{df
;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L ;/sf/L ejgxsf] l8lh6n 8f6fj]z tof/ tyf
dd{t ;+ef/ ;DaGwL 8f6f ;+sng tyf dd{t of]hgf tof/ ug]{ sfo{ ePsf], $
:yfgsf :yfgLo ;Lk / ;fdfu|L k|of]u u/L agfOPsf k'/fgf P]ltxfl;s ejgxsf]
cWoog, /fli6o cfjf; gLlt / lghL c:ktfn tyf gl;{xf]dxsf] cfls{6]Sr/n
l8hfOg ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf k|sfzg ug]{ Pj+ /]6f]lkml6 ;DaGwL ufO{8nfOg tof/
ug{] h:tf sfo{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ .

lj/f6gu/ rqmky
10.15

lj/f6gu/ pkdxfgu/kflnsfdf a9\bf] hg;+Vofsf] sf/0fn] ;f] pkdxfgu/kflnsf

/ cf;kf;sf ufpF ljsf; ;ldltxdf tLj| kdf j:tLx al9/x]sf] x'Fbf k}bn
ofqL / ;jf/L ;fwgsf] rfk a9\g uPsf]n] hUuf PsLs/0f k|lqmofsf] dfWodaf6
rqmky clwsf/ If]q (Right of way) sf] nflu cfjZos kg{] hUufsf] Joj:yf u/L
sl/j #) ls=dL= nDjfOsf] rqmkysf] b'j}tkm{ u/L sl/a !*@ dL6/ If]qdf
of]hgfj tyf Jojl:yt ;x/L ljsf;sf] gd"gfsf] kdf rqmky ljsf; ug{
lj/f6gu/ rqmky cfof]hg ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df hUuf
ljsf;sf] dfWodjf6 $! ls=dL nDafOsf] rqmkysf] lj:t[t of]hgf l8=kL=cf/=
;DkGg ePsf] / t];|f] v08sf] sfo{ rfn' /x]sf] 5 . l8= kL= cf/= tof/ eO;s]sf]
If]qleq sl/j ! ls=dL= nDafO{df gd'gf hUuf ljsf; sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug]{ /
6ofs vf]nL lj:t[t OlGhlgol/ l8hfOg tyf l8=lk=cf/ adf]lhdsf lgdf{0f sfo{
z' ePsf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df hUuf ljsf;sf] dfWodjf6 sl/j $!
ls=dL= nDjfOsf] rqmkysf] t];|f] v08sf] lj:t[t of]hgf k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ sfo{
rfn' /x]sf] / lj:t[t cfof]hgf k|ltj]bg sfof{Gjog ug{ # j6f If]qsf] Readjustment Plan tof/ u/L hUuf wgLxnfO{ hUuf lkmtf{ ug]{ sfo{ eO{ /x]sf]
5 . o;}u/L 6ofs vf]nL lj:t[t OlGhlgol/ l8hfOg tyf l8=lk=cf/= adf]lhdsf
lgdf{0f sfo{ eO{/x]sf 5g\ .
148

gd"gf PsLs[t j:tL ljsf; -t/fO{dw]zkxf8lxdfn_

10.16

10.17

gu/kflnsf gePsf lhNnfsf ;b/d'sfdsf] PsLs[t k"'jf{wf/ ljsf;, nf]s dfu{df

kg]{ k|To]s ljsf; If]qsf] !! ;fgf zx/ j:tL ljsf;sf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, gd'gf
ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf] of]hgf cg';f/ k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, gd"gf Plss[t j:tL ljsf;
Pj+ 3gfj:tL sfo{qmdsf] dfWodaf6 5l/P/ /x]sf j:tLxnfO{ pko'Qm 7fp+df
PsLs[t u/L PsLs[t k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmd, hgtf cfjf; sfo{qmd cGtu{t
8f]d, d";x/, rdf/, b";fw, vTj] / cGo blnt ju{ Pj+ nf]kf]Gd"v hflt h:t} /fp6],
s';'08f, ;'/]n, jfbL uGw{j, r]kf cflbsf nflu cfjf; PsfO lgdf{0f ug]{h:tf sfo{
ug{] o;sf] p2]Zo /x]sf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ut cfly{s jif{xdf
cWoog ;DkGg ePsf & lhNnfdf 3gfj:tL sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/L PsLs[t kdf
k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf sfo{ ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . & :yfgdf gd'gf uf+p cWoog
k|ltj]bg sfof{Gjog, !@ :yfgdf gd'gf PsLs[t j:tL ljsf; sfo{qmd , !#
gu/kflnsf gePsf lhNnf ;b/d'sfdxsf] Plss[t k"jf{wf/ljsf; sfo{ ug{]{
sfo{qmd klg ;~rfngdf /x]sf lyP . nf]sdfu{df kg{] % ;fgf zx/ j:tLsf]
k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf /x]sf, ;Nofg / hfh/sf]6sf] PsLs[t 3gf
j:tL ;DefJotf cWoog sfo{, bf]nvfsf] uf}/L z+s/sf] PsLs[t 3gfj:tLsf] nflu
of]hgf th'{df, / & gd"gf ufpFsf] cWoog u/L l8=lk=cf/= tof/ ug]{ sfo{
;~rfngdf /x]sf lyP .
o;}u/L ut cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df hgtf cfjf; sfo{qmd cGtu{t 8f]d, d";x/,
rdf/, b";fw, vTj] / cGo blnt ju{ Pj+ nf]kf]Gd"v hflt h:t} /fp6], s";"08f,
;'/]n, jfbL uGwj{, r]kf cflbsf nflu cfjf; PsfO lgdf{0f ug{] sfo{ ;~rfngdf
/x]sf lyP . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df ut cfly{s jif{df ;~rfng ePsf &
lhNnfdf 3gfj:tL sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf /x]sf, @ :yfgdf gd"gf ufpF ljsf;
;ldltsf] of]hgf cg';f/ k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, !! :yfgdf gd'gf Plss[t j:tL ljsf;
sfo{qmd, !^ gu/kflnsf gePsf lhNnf ;b/d"sfdxsf] Plss[t k"jf{wf/ ljsf;,
nf]s dfu{df kg]{ $ j:tL Pj+ ;fgf zx/xsf] ef}lts ljsf; of]hgf sfof{Gjog
ug]{ sfo{ e}/x]sf 5g\ .

g]kfn ef/t ;Ldf PsLs[t hfr rf}sL ljsf; cfof]hgf

10.18

g]kfn / ef/t b'O{ b]zsf hgtfx aLr nfdf] ;do b]lv ljBdfg Jofkf/, jfl0fHo
tyf cfly{s ;DaGwnfO{ cem ;'b[9 tyf ljljlws/0f ug{ b'j} b]zsf] ;Ldfsf $
:yfgdf of]hgfa4 tyf k|efjsf/L Plss[t ;Ldf hfrF rf}sL k"0f{kdf ef/tLo
;/sf/sf] cg'bfg ;xof]udf lgdf{0f eO{ /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o;
sfo{qmd cGtu{t lj/f6gu/ / lj/u+hsf] Integrated Custom Point (ICP) sf] nflu
clwu|x0f ul/Psf hUufsf] d'cfJhf ljt/0f sfo{ Pj+ o;af6 k|efljt If]qsf
jfl;Gbfsf nflu /fxt :jk ljleGg k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePsf
lyP eg] ICP e}/xjf / g]kfnu+hdf hUuf ;+/If0f ug]{ sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
149

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df o; sfo{qmd cGtu{t ICP lj/f6gu/df d'Vo ICP If]q /
ln+s /f]8sf] nflu clwu|x0f ul/Psf hUufsf] d'cfJhf ljt/0f ug]{ sfo{ eO{ /x]sf] 5
eg] ICP lj/u+hdf k|efljt If]qsf jfl;Gbfsf nflu /fxt :jk ljleGg k"jf{wf/
lgdf{0f sfo{ e}/x]sf] 5 .

PsLs[t zx/L ljsf; sfo{qmd

10.19

g]kfnsf t/fO{df cjl:yt zx/x -hgsk'/, w/fg, l;4fy{gu/ / g]kfnu+h_ df

zx/L jftfj/0f k"jf{wf/xsf] ljsf;sf dfWodaf6 zx/jf;Lxsf] hLjg :t/df
j[l4 ug]{ p2]Zosf ;fy h'nfO{ @)!@ b]lv of] cfof]hgf ;~rfngdf /x]sf] 5 . kfFr
jif{ ;dofjlw /x]sf] o; cfof]hgfsf] p2]Zo gu/kflnsfxdf zx/L k"jf{wf/ ljsf;
ug,]{ ;fd'bflos ljsf; sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug],{ n}+lus ;dfgtf / ;fdflhs
;dfj]lzs/0fdf clej[l4 ug]{ / cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg tyf k|zf;sLo ;'wf/df
;xof]u k'ofpg] /x]sf 5g\ . o; sfo{qmd cGtu{t cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df rf/
gu/kflnsfx -hgsk'/, w/fg, l;4fy{gu/ / g]kfnu+h_ 5gf}6 ePsf] / tL
:yfgxsf] nflu cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog PsfO{ sfof{no :yfkgf ePsf lyP . rfn'
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df hgsk'/ afx]s tLgj6} gu/kflnsfxdf ;~rfng x'g]
k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmdxsf] OlGhlgol/ l8hfOg / ;'k/lehg sG;N6\ofG6sf
;fy} ;fd'bflos ljsf; sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf;Fu ;+emf}tf ePsf]
5 eg] s]Gb|df Project Management and Supervision Consultant / Gender
Equity and Social Inclusion ;Fu ;+emf}tf ePsf] 5 .

u0ftGq :df/s tyf u0ftGq :tDe

10.20

g]kfnsf] /fli6o Pstf / cv08tfsf] kl/rfos tyf P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngsf]

pknlAwsf] k|ltssf] kdf Ps /fli6o dxTjsf] ljlzi6 9fFrfsf] u0ftGq :tDe
lgdf{0f ug{] lg0f{o cg'k nlntk'/sf] u'l;+ufnaf6 sLlt{k'/sf] uf+v]ndf agfpg]
lg0f{o ePsf]n] uf+v]nsf] Soil Investigate / Sesmic Hazard Review ug]{ sfo{
z' ul/Psf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df gf/fo0flx6L b/jf/ ;+u|xfnosf] k"jL{
efudf u0ftGq :df/s lgdf{0f sfo{ z' ePsf] 5 eg] u0ftGq :tDesf] xsdf
:tDesf] l8hfOg / Land Scaping Review ug{ k/fdz{bftf;Fu ;Demf}tf ePsf]
5 . :tDe lgdf{0f :yn;Dd hfg] Approach Road sf] nflu 6]08/ ePsf] 5 /
Site office lgdf{0fsf] nflu af]nkq d"Nofg ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L :tDesf] k|ltd"lt{
agfpg] sfo{sf] nflu ;Demf}tf ePsf] 5 .

u|fdL0f kx'r ;'wf/ tyf ljs]Gb|Ls/0f kl/of]hgf

10.21

:yfgLo txdf afx|} dlxgf ;~rfng x'g] ;8s tyf u|fdL0f ;8s dd{t ;Def/,
;fd'bflos k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoft ;]jf / ;'wf/ ug{] p2]Zon] ljZj a}+ssf] cfly{s
;xof]udf emf]n'] k'ntkm{ @* lhNnfx / ;8stkm{ #) lhNnfxdf of] sfo{qmd
;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . o; cGtu{t cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df emf]n'] k'n ^^ j6f,
150

;fd'bflos k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoft ;]jf && j6f / !%) j6f o; ;DaGwL Ifdtf
clej[l4 tflnd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] eg] tL lqmofsnfk rfn' cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dd qmdzM %) j6f, @) j6f / &% j6f ;DkGg
ePsf 5g\ .

u|fdL0f k'gMlgdf{0f tyf k'gM:yfkgf sfo{qmd

10.22

:yfgLo k"jf{wf/xsf] ljsf; u/L u|fdL0f hgtfsf] ahf/;Dd kx'Fr k'ofO{

pgLxsf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s ljsf;sf ;fy} /f]huf/Lsf cj;/ j[l4 u/L
hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ ug]{ d'Vo p2]Zosf ;fy of] sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog eO/x]sf] 5 .
o; sfo{qmd cGtu{t rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dd !# j6f df]6/]jn
k'n, ## j6f emf]n'] k'n lgdf{0f, @$ j6f vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf / *) j6f cGo
k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 eg] ut cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df qmdzM # j6f, !!#
j6f, !#* j6f / $) j6f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

u|fdL0f ;fd'bflos k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmd

10.23

;fd'bflos k"jf{wf/xsf] lgdf{0f tyf ;'wf/sf nflu @! lhNnfdf of] sfo{qmd

;~rfngdf /x]sf] 5 . o; sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v p2]Zo u|fdL0f If]qsf u/La kl/jf/sf]
vfB ;'/Iff l:yltdf ;'wf/ NofO{ pgLxsf] :jfjnDag Ifdtf clej[l4 ug'{ xf] .
o; sfo{qmdaf6 u|fdL0f ;8s lgdf{0fsf ;fy} ;;fgf cfo cfh{g j[l4sf sfo{x
;~rfng e}/x]sf 5g\ . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df !!# j6f lhljsf]kfh{g tyf
cfocfh{g j[l4sf lqmofsnfk ;~rfng ul/Psf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df
$# j6f o:tf] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .

ljs]lGb|t u|fdL0f k"jf{wf/ tyf lhljsf]kfh{g ;'wf/ cfof]hgf

10.24 cfly{s

jif{ )^@.^# b]lv !* lhNnfdf u|fdL0f If]qsf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/

lgdf{0f ug{], oftfoft ;~hfn lj:tf/ ug{], u|fld0f /f]huf/Lsf lqmofsnfk ;~rfng
ug{], :yfgLo:t/sf] ;+:yfut Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ p2]Zon] of] cfof]hgf ;~rfng
ePsf] xf] . o; cfof]hgf cGtu{t ut cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df @@ ls=dL= gofF
;8s lgdf{0f, $ ls=dL= ;8s k'g:yfkgf tyf :t/f]Gglt / !^)) dL6/ emf]n'] k'n
lgdf{0f ul/Psf] lyof] . rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df o;} cfof]hgf cGtu{t ^
lhNnfdf gofF ;8s lgdf{0fsf nflu l8=lk=cf/= :jLs[t ePsf] / # lhNnfdf
Annual Road Maintenance Plan tof/ ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L * lhNnfdf qmdfut
kdf emf]n'] k'n lgdf{0f ePsf] / # lhNnfdf ;8s k'g:yfkgf / :t/f]Ggltsf
nflu Annual Road Maintenance Plan tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .

emf]n'] k'n If]qut sfo{qmd

10.25

b]zsf &% lhNnfxdf ;~rflnt o; sfo{qmdsf] p2]Zodf d'Vo Pj+ :yfgLo

dfu{df kg]{ emf]n'] k'nxsf] lgdf{0f tyf a[xt dd{t ;Def/ u/L u|fdL0f kx'Frdf
151

;'wf/ Nofpg] /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df emf]n'] k'ntkm{ qmdfut ! ;o

#^ j6f, @ ;o #% ;fd'bflos ;Demf}tf 7]Ssf, #! j6f kmfp08]zg tyf s+lqml6,
&^ j6f kmnfd] kf6{; km]la|s]zg ul/Psf] lyof] eg] @* j6f emf]n'] k'nsf] nflu
n6\7f tfGg] tyf h8fg ug]{ sfo{ ul/Psf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd
cf7 dlxgfdf !$ j6f emf]n'] k'nxsf] ;e]{ l8hfOg, cGo ;xfos k"jf{wf/x %)
j6f / &! j6f qmdfut emf]n'] k'nxsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .

:yfgLo :t/sf ;8s k'n tyf ;fd'bflos kx'r ;'wf/ sfo{qmd

10.26

:yfgLo :t/sf ;8sxdf lgoldt oftfoft ;~rfng ug{sf nflu ;f] ;8sxdf
cfjZos kg]{ k'nx agfO{ ul/aL lgjf/0fsf] nIo k|flKtdf ;xof]u k'-ofpg]
p2]Zon] ;g\ @)!! b]lv of] sfo{qmd b]zsf &% j6} lhNnfdf ;~rfng ePsf]df
xfn $$ lhNnfxdf k'n lgdf{0f sfo{ e}/x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ )^*^( df o;
sfo{qmdaf6 & j6f qmdfut k'n lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf lyP eg] (@ j6f qmdfut
k'nx lgdf{0ffwLg lyP . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd * dlxgfdf @ j6f k'n
lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .

:yfgLo oftfoft k"jf{wf/ If]qut sfo{qmd

10.27

bL3{sfnLg s[lif of]hgfdf Joj:yf ePcg';f/ s[lif pTkfbgsf] b[li6n] dxTjk"0f{

ks]6 If]qxdf pTkfbg / ahf/ k|lqmofnfO{ ;3fO{ lghL If]qsf] cfly{s lqmofsnfk
clej[l4 ug{ s[lif pTkfbg x'g] ynf]nfO{ df]6/ rNg] d"n ;8sdf hf]8\g] p2]Zon]
u|fdL0f s[lif ;8ssf] lgdf{0f ug]{ / u|fdL0f:t/sf ;8s tyf uf]/]6f] 3f]8]6f] af6f]x
lgdf{0f tyf dd{t ;'wf/ ug]{ p2]Zon] s[lif tyf :yfgLo:t/sf ;8s cfof]hgf
;~rfngdf /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& b]lv o;sf] gfd :yfgLo oftfoft
k"jf{wf/ If]qut sfo{qmd /x]sf] 5 . o; sfo{qmd cGtu{t cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df
%)) ls=dL= ;8s ;j]{If0f / %) j6f shj] k'n k'n];f lgdf{0f ul/Psf] lyof] . rfn'
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df o; sfo{qmd cGtu{t sRrL ;8s lgdf{0f, ;8s dd{t
;'wf/, ;8s sfnf]kq] / ;8s u|fe]n ug'{sf ;fy} &% lsnf]ld6/ ;8s ;j]{If0f / #
j6f shj] k'n k'n];f lgdf{0fsf] sfo{ ePsf] 5 .

u|fdL0f vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgf

10.28 ;Dk"0f{

hg;+VofnfO{ vfg]kfgLsf] ;'ljwf / $) k|ltzt hg;+VofnfO{ ;/;kmfO

;'ljwf k'ofpg] nIosf ;fy} ;~rflnt o; sfo{qmd cGtu{t cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df ! ;o %$ j6f qmdfut tyf gofF vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ;DkGg, # j6f
cfsfz] kfgL ;+sng sfo{qmd, $ j6f l8k 6\o'jj]n h8fg, @ ;o # j6f :ofnf]
6\o'jj]n h8fg ul/Psf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf
OlGhlgo/, ;a OlGhlgo/xsf nflu Design Estimate and water safety plan
tflnd sfo{qmd ;~rfng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
152

u|fdL0f hn;|f]t Joj:yfkg kl/of]hgf

10.29

;'b/" tyf dWo klZrdf~rnsf -x'Dnf, b}n]v, s}nfnL, 8f]6L, c5fd, afh'/f, aemf,
bfr'{nf, a}t8L / 88]Nw'/f_ lhNnfxdf lbuf] vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO Joj:yfkg
u/L jftfj/0fLo cj:yfdf ;'wf/ Pj+ hgtfsf] hLjg:t/ clej[l4 ug]{ p2]Zon]
cfly{s jif{ @)^#^$ b]lv hn;|f]t u'of]hgf, cf;]{lgs Go"gLs/0f, u|fe]6L
vfg]kfgL, l;~rfO{, n3' hnljB't, kmf]x/d}nf Joj:yfkgsf If]qdf sfo{ x'Fb} cfPsf]
5 . vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{, l;~rfO{ / n3' hnljB't l:sdaf6 cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df @ nfv !( xhf/ hgf nfeflGjt ePsf lyP . cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dddf vfg]kfgL ;/;kmfO, l;FrfO / n3' hnljB't
l:sdaf6 ! nfv * xhf/ $ ;o ^^ hgf nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ .

klZrd g]kfn u|fdL0f vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO kl/of]hgf

10.30

o; kl/of]hgf tgx'F, :of\hf, kj{t, afUn', DofUbL, slknj:t', kGb]xL,

gjnk/f;L / Ko"7fg lhNnfdf u|fdL0f vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO sfo{qmd cfly{s jif{
@)^%^^ b]lv ;' ePsf] xf] . kl/of]hgf If]qsf kxf8L ^ lhNnfxdf vfg]kfgL
tyf ;/;kmfO ;'ljwf a9fpg' / t/fO{sf # lhNnfxdf cf;]{lgs Go"gLs/0f ug'{ o;
kl/of]hgfsf] p2]Zo /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df gofF u|fle6L vfg]kfgL
tyf ;/;kmO{ cfof]hgfjf6 ^% xhf/ * ;o %! hgf, ;/;kmfO{ tyf :jf:Yo
sfo{qmdaf6 # nfv % xhf/ ^ ;o %& hgf, cf;]{lgs Go"lgs/0f sfo{qmdaf6 $
xhf/ # ;o &) hfg, Ifdtf clej[l4, jftfj/0f ;+/If0f, cfod'ns sfo{qmdaf6 @!
xhf/ @ ;o #$ hgf nfeflGjt ePsf lyP . cfly{s jif{ )^(&) sf] k|yd cf7
dlxgfdf lo sfo{qmdaf6 ! nfv ! xhf/ (;o %@ hgf nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ .

hLjg:t/ ;'wf/sf nflu :yfgLo k"jf{wf/ sfo{qmd

10.31

c5fd, b}n]v, hfh/sf]6 sflnsf]6, bf]nvf, cf]vn9'f, vf]6f, /fd]5fk, lhNnfsf

u|fdL0f If]qdf /x]sf ls;fgxsf] vfB ;'/Iffdf ;'wf/ k'ofpg] clek|fon] of]
sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o; sfo{s|daf6
hgtfsf] hLjg:t/ ;'wf/ ug{, cfo;|f]tdf a[l4 / vfBfGg cefj If]qdf gub] afnL
pTkfbg a9fpg Ps ;o @$ j6f ;-;fgf l;FrfO{ s'nf] lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf]
lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf o; sfo{qmdaf6 %$ j6f
;fgf l;~rfO{ s'nf] lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 eg], &^ j6f hgr]tgf clea[l4 tflnd
sfo{qmd ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 .

;fd'bflos l;rfO cfof]hgf

10.32

of] cfof]hgf s~rgk'/, s}nfnL, bf, slknj:t', 8f]6L, ;Nofg, s'd, /f]Nkf,
Ko"7fg, aemf, h'Dnf / d'u'df ;~rfngdf /x]sf] 5 . o; cfof]hgfsf] pNn]lvt !@
j6f lhNnfxsf u/La, ljkGg / cGo lk5l8Psf ;d'bfosf s[ifsxsf] l;~rfO{
153

;'ljwfdf kx'Fr a9fO{ vfBfGg pTkfbgdf cfTdlge{/ agfpg] / Jojl:yt ;fgf

l;~rfO{ k|0ffnLsf] lgdf{0f tyf k"g{:yfkgf u/L yk !& xhf/ x]S6/ e'lddf lbuf]
l;~rfO{ ;'ljwf k'ofO{ :yfgLo s[ifs ;d'bfosf] hLjg:t/ psf:g 6]jf k'ofpg]
p2]Zo /flvPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o; sfo{qmdaf6 #^ hgfnfO{
tflnd, !@ j6f cled'vLs/0f sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] eg] Ps j6f
k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ul/Psf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf
Ps j6f ;fgf l;~rfO{sf] ;e]{, l8hfO{g ;DaGwL tflnd, Ps j6f GIS ;DaGwL
tflnd, #^ j6f Feasibility Survey / @) j6f ;fgf l;~rfO cWoog l8hfO{g
;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

hg;xeflutfdf cfwfl/t ljsf; sfo{qmd

10.33

:yfgLo:t/sf dfu / cfjZostfcg'k klxrfg ul/Psf k"jf{wf/xsf] lgdf{0fsf

nflu hg;xeflutfdf cfwfl/t >dd"ns ljsf; sfo{qmdx ;~rfng u/L
:yfgLo:t/df /f]huf/L ;[hgf ug]{ nIo cg'k cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df :yfgLo
ljsf; dGqfnosf nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] ?=@) s/f]8af6 # ;o %@ j6f of]hgf 5gf}6
ul/Psf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df klg o; zLif{sdf & ;o @# j6f
cfof]hgf 5gf}6 ul/Psf 5g\ .

s0ff{nL / s0ff{nL jl/kl/ ljz]if sfo{qmd

10.34

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( b]lv h'Dnf, x'Dnf, d'u', sfnLsf]6, 8f]Nkf, bfr'{nf, ahf,
afh'/f, c5fd, / hfh/sf]6 lhNnfdf of] sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6sf] nflu ?= !) s/f]8
pknAw u/fOPsf] lyof] eg] cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf s0ff{nL
/ s0ff{nL jl/kl/ ljz]if sfo{qmd -sfof{Gjog dfu{bz{g,@)^(_ hf/L u/L lhNnf
ljsf; ;ldltxnfO{ ?= !) s/f]8 sfo{qmd tyf ah]6sf] clVtof/L k|bfg ul/Psf]
5.

lk5l8Psf] t/fO{ dw]; ljz]if sfo{qmd

10.35

t/fO{ dw]zsf dfgj ljsf; ;"rsf+ssf cfwf/df k5fl8 k/]sf !( lhNnfx emfkf,
df]/, ;'g;/L, ;Kt/L, l;/fxf, wg'iff, dxf]Q/L, ;nf{xL, af/f, k;f{, /f}tx6,
gjnk/f;L, kGb]xL, slknj:t', bf, afFs], alb{of, s}nfnL, s~rgk'/sf ul/a tyf
lk5l8Psf] j:tL / ;d'bfonfO{ nlIft u/L of] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltxnfO{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6sf] nflu
?=!) s/f]8 pknAw u/fOPsf] lyof] eg] cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7
dlxgfdf lk5l8Psf] t/fO{ dw]; ljz]if sfo{qmd -sfof{Gjog dfu{bz{g, @)^(_ NofO{
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltxnfO{ ?= !) s/f]8 sfo{qmd tyf ah]6sf] clVtof/L k|bfg
ul/Psf] 5 .
154

:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g tyf ;fd'bflos ljsf;

b]zsf ;a} lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf / ufpF ljsf; ;ldltxdf nfu"
ePsf] of] sfo{qmd :yfgLo lgsfo, ;fd'bflos tyf u}x| ;/sf/L ;+:yf dfkm{t
sfof{Gjog ul/Psf] 5 . o; sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v p2]Zo :yfgLo Pjd\ ;dfj]zL
cfwf/df k|fyldsLs/0f ul/Psf ;fj{hlgs j:t' tyf ;]jfdf :yfgLo hgtfsf]
kxF'rdf clea[l4 ub}{ ul/aL Go"gLs/0fdf ;xof]u ug'{ /x]sf] 5 . :yfgLo zf;g tyf
;fd'bflos ljsf; sfo{qmd cGtu{t :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ pknAw u/fpg] s'n
k'FhLut cg'bfg /sddf nlIft ju{nfO{ 5'6[fOPsf] #% k|ltzt /sd dWo] dlxnf !) k|ltzt_, afnaflnsf -!) k|ltzt_ / lk5l8Psf ju{ -!% k|ltzt_ sf nflu
ljlgof]hg ug'{kg]{ gLlt cjnDag ul/Psf] 5 . n}lu+s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs
;dfj]zLs/0f gLlt sfof{Gjog ug]{ !) lhNnfdf ul/Psf] g"dgf k/LIf0fdf o;af6
dlxnf, afnaflnsf / cGo lk5l8Psf ju{ tyf ;d'bfosf cGo ju{sf] dfu /
cfjZostfdf cfwfl/t sfo{qmd th'{df tyf sfof{Gjogdf nlIft ;d"xsf]
;xeflutfdf j[l4 ePsf] 5 . :yfgLo hgtfnfO{ al9 eGbf al9 of]hgf th'{df
k|lqmofdf ;+nUg u/fpg] p2]Zon] $^ xhf/ ^ ;o %* hgf j8f gful/s d~r /
gful/s ;r]tgf s]Gb|sf ;b:oxnfO{ :yfgLo of]hgf th'{df tflnddf ;xefuL
u/fOPsf] 5 . glthfdf cfwfl/t cg'udg k|0ffnL ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf
/ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltxdf z' ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf !) -s_ M sfo{qmd / cfof]hgf cGtu{t lgdf{0f ePsf k"jf{wf/ If]qsf] ljj/0f :ylt

10.36

ljj/0f
u|fe]n
sfnf]kq]
;8s dd{t
sNe6{
l;~rfO{
ljBfno sIff sf]7f
6ofs lgdf{0f
ljBfno dd{t
gbL lgoGq0f
:jf:Yo rf}sL ejg lgdf{0f

PsfO{
ls=ld=
ls=ld=
ls=ld=
ls=ld=
x]S6/
;+Vof
ls=ld=
;+Vof
ls=ld=
j6f

dfOs|f] xfO8f]

ls=jf6

lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf k"jf{wf/sf] ;+Vof

@)^*^(
@)^(&)*

;fd'bflos ejg
;+Vof
tflnd xn
;+Vof
* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]
;|f]tM ;\3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno

155

676
287
3754

731
178
3075

311

165

11930

7179

3368

1604

445

1315
-

835
27

828

203

340
901
49

10.37

:yfgLo lgsfoxn] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df #! xhf/ ^ ;o %) ;;fgf

;fd'bflos k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f u/]sf 5g\ . pQm k"jf{wf/df # xhf/ &% ls=ld= sf]
;8s :t/ pGgtL, ! ;o &* ls=ld= ;8s sfnf]kq] / & ;o #! ls=ld= gofF
;8s lgdf{0f, ! ;o ^% a6f sNe6{ lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . oL k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0faf6
k|ToIf kdf !@ nfv #$ xhf/ # ;o $) 3/ kl/jf/ nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ . oL
k"jf{wf/sf cltl/Qm & xhf/ ! ;o &( x]S6/ hldgdf yk l;~rfO{ / * ;o #%
j6f :s'n ejgsf] k'gMlgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . uflj;sf] n]vfk|0ffnL ;DaGwL sDKo'6/
;km\6j]o/sf] lgdf{0f u/L ! ;o *^ hgf ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt ;lrjnfO{ tflnd
k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . s]xL ufpF ljsf; ;ldltdf n]vf /fVg] sfo{ sDKo'6/ ;km\6j]o/
dfkm{t k|f/De ePsf] 5 .

pmhf{
10.38

g]kfndf pmhf{sf] dfu / pkof]udf d'ntM k/Dk/fut ;|f]ts} afx'Notf /x]sf] 5 .

ckf/ hn;Dkbf / To;af6 pmhf{ pTkfbgsf] k|z:t ;Defjgf /x]sf] ePtf klg
hnljB't pTkfbgdf pNn]Vo k|ult xfl;n ug{ g;s]sf]n] pmhf{ ;+s6 a9\b} uPsf]
5 . ljut kfFr jif{sf] phf{sf] ;|f]t tyf pkof]usf] l:ylt b]xfo adf]lhd k|:t't
ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf !) -v_ M phf{ vktsf] l:ylt
6g t]n zlQm a/fa/
2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

k/Dk/futM

8015

8185

8342

8500

8711

5680

bfp/f

7149

7301

7467

7606

7767

5074

s[lifhGo cjz]if

337

344

324

331

369

231

uf]a/, u'FO7f

529

540

551

563

575

375

Jofkfl/sM

1038

1139

1464

1580

1436

866

sf]Onf

193

182

286

293

348

196

k]6f]lnod kbfy{

655

775

965

1058

1088

670

ljB't

190

182

213

229

243

172

gjLs/0fLo

59

64

70

75

82

51

9112

9388

9876

10155

10229

6597

pmhf{ ;|f]t

hDdf
* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]
;|f]t M phf{ dGqfno
10.39

cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df pmhf{sf] vkt )=&#
k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ !) xhf/ @ ;o @( 6g t]n zlQm a/fa/ /x]sf] lyof] . cfly{s
156

jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf phf{ vkt ^ xhf/ % ;o (& 6g t]n
zlQm a/fa/ /x]sf] 5, h'g ut cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf !(=%*
k|ltztn] 36L /x]sf] 5 .
10.40 cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df k/Dk/fut, Jofkfl/s Pj+ gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ vkt
cg'kft qmdzM *%=!^ k|ltzt, !$=)# k|ltzt / )=&* k|ltzt /x]sf]df cfly{s
jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf oL cg'kft qmdzM *^=! k|ltzt, !#=!#
k|ltzt / )=&& k|ltzt /x]sf 5g\ . o;af6 k/Dk/fut pmhf{ dflysf] g]kfnL
cy{tGqsf] pRr lge{/tf oyfjt sfod /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
10.41 cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df s'n pmhf{sf] vkt dWo] bfp/faf6 &%=(# k|ltzt,
s[lifhGo cjz]ifaf6 #=^ k|ltzt / kz'hGo cjz]ifaf6 %=^@ k|ltzt vkt /x]sf]df
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ;f] cg'kft qmdzM &^=(! k|ltzt,
#=% k|ltzt / %=^( k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df s'n pmhf{sf]
vkt dWo] k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] !)=^$ k|ltzt, sf]Onfsf] #=$) k|ltzt / ljB'tsf]
@=#& k|ltzt /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf s'n pmhf{
vkt cg'kftdf k]6f]lnodsf] !)=!^ k|ltzt, sf]Onfsf] vkt @=(& k|ltzt /
ljB'tsf] @=^! k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .

sf]Onf
10.42 cfly{s

jif{ @)^*^( df sf]Onfsf] vktdf cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf

!*=&& k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ # ;o $* 6g t]n zlQm a/fa/ ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] ;f]xL
cjlwdf sf]Onfsf] vkt )=$! k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ! ;o (^ 6g t]n zlQm a/fa/
ePsf] 5 .

ljB't
cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* b]lv @)^*^( ;Dddf g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f, o;sf
;lA;l8o/L sDkgL tyf lghL If]qsf hnljB't sDkgLxnfO{ s/La !&^! d]ufjf6
hl8t Ifdtf a/fa/sf] %@ j6f 7'nf / ;fgf hnljB't cfof]hgfxsf] ljB't
pTkfbgsf] cg'dltkq k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . lghL If]qjf6 k|j4{g ul/Psf s/La !$
d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf hnljB't cfof]hgf /fli6o u|L8df h8fg eO{ ljB't cfk"lt{ ePsf]
5 eg] s/La yk @% d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] cfof]hgfxsf] lgdf{0f ;Dk eO{
kl/If0fsf] j|mddf /x]sf] lyof] .
10.44 cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0fnfO{ Joj;flos kdf ;an kfg{
;Dkfbg ul/g] sfo{xsf] cfwf/df ;+/rgfut ;'wf/ ul/Psf] 5 . o; ;'wf/af6
u|fxsxnfO{ l56f] / e/kbf]{ ;]jf k'ofpg d2t ldNg]5 .
10.43

157

10.45 cfly{s

jif{ @)^(&) df g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f cGtu{t cWoog ug]{ cfof]hgfx

* j6f, sfof{Gjogdf hfg] cfof]hgfx @ j6f, j|mdfut cfof]hgfx ( j6f, !#@
s]=eL tyf cGo ef]N6]h :t/sf k|zf/0ff nfOg lj:tf/ cfof]hgfx $! j6f,
ljt/0f cfof]hgfx ^$ j6f, ljljw cfof]hgfx # j6f /x]sf 5g\ .
10.46 cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df gn:ofpuf8, cfFwLvf]nf, tdf]/ / b"wsf]zL hnljB't
cfof]hgfsf] ;DefJotf cWoog ug{] nIocg';f/ gn:ofpuf8 tyf cfFwLvf]nfsf]
*) k|ltzt sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 eg] tdf]/sf] @% k|ltzt dfq sfo{ ;DkGg
ePsf] 5 .
10.47 cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) tfdfsf]zL hnljB't cfof]hgfsf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/ -;8s,
k'n, ejg Pj+ d'Vo l;len_ lgdf{0f ug{] nIo /flvPsf]df ejg lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg
eO{ ;8s lgdf{0f sfo{ &% k|ltzt, k'n lgdf{0f sfo{ %) k|ltzt / l;len lgdf{0f
sfo{ %) k|ltzt ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
10.48 k|zf/0f nfOg cfof]hgfx cGtu{t cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df lvlDt9Ns]j/ -(%
k|ltzt_, x]6f}+8fe/tk'/ -@% k|ltzt_, sfa]nL sf]l/8f]/ -@% k|ltzt_, e/tk'/
alb{3f6 #) k|ltzt sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L kyn}of ;j:6]zg lgdf{0f /
:of\hf ;j:6]zg lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . ljt/0f nfOg cfof]hgf cGtu{t
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df # ;o lsnf] ld6/ ## s]=eL=nfOg lgdf{0f / ! ;o lsnf]
ld6/ !! s]=eL= nfOg ;DkGg eO{ s/Lj b'O{ nfv 3/w'/LnfO{ ljB't ;]jf pknAw
u/fPsf] 5 .
10.49 cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] cf7 dlxgfdf a"9Lu08sL, pQ/u+uf, gn:ofpuf8,
tdf]/, sfnLu08sL hnfzoo'Qm cfof]hgfxsf] ljleGg k|f/lDes cWoog sfo{
;DkGg ePsf] 5 . To:t}, b"wsf]zL, lg:tLkgfx, uf}+bLvf]nf / v8ssf]6 hnfzoo'Qm
cfof]hgfsf] nflu nfO;]G;;DaGwL sfo{x ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .
10.50 tfdfsf]zL, rd]lnof, /fx'3f6 / dflyNnf] lqz'nL hnljB't cfof]hgfxsf] cfly{s
jif{ @)^(&) df sf] cf7 dlxgfdf ljleGg ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg
ePsf 5g\ . dflyNnf] lqz'nL hn ljB't cfof]hgf cGtu{t jftfj/0f k|efj
d'Nof+sgsf] Scoping / Terms of Reference ;Dk ePsf] tyf !!=% ls=dL=
k|j]zdfu{ :t/f]Ggltsf] sfo{ ;Dk ePsf] 5 .
10.51 g]kfn
ljB't k|flws/0faf6 ;~rflnt sfo{qmdxaf6 k|fKt ePsf]
glthfk|ltkmnpknlAwxsf] cfwf/df ljB't dfu, vkt, pTkfbg Pj+ cGo
ef}lts ;+/rgfxsf] ljj/0f tflnsf !)-em_ df lbOPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ljB'tsf] pTkfbg $)=$ d]ufjf6n] yk ePsf]
5 . ljB't k|zf/0f nfOg lj:tf/df o; cfly{s jif{df s'g} k|ult x'g ;s]g . oBkL
ljB't pkef]u ug]{ u|fxssf] ;+Vof / ljB'tsf] dfu eg] jif]{gL j9]sf] b]lvG5 .
158

tflnsf !) -u_ M ljB't dfu, vkt, pTkfbg Pj+ ef}lts ;+/rgf

cfly{s jif{
ljj/0f
pTkfbg -d]=jf=_
k|zf/0f nfOg -ls=ld=_
u|fxs ;+Vof
ljt/0f nfOg -ls=ld=_
pknAw pmhf{ -lu=jf=cf=_
pRrtd dfu -d]=jf=_
* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] ljj/0f
;|f]t M phf{ dGqfno

@)^^^&

@)^&^*

@)^*^(

@)^(&) *

689.4

697.9

705.6

746

1,972.6

1,917.6

1,987.4

1987.4

16,70,610

18,54,275

20,53,259

2238052

82,871.24

89,108.86

95,815.98

98000

3,130.77

3,389.27

3858.37

4205.22

885

946.1

1,026.00

1094

k]6f]lnod kbfy{
10.52

pmhf{sf] dxTjk"0f{ ;|f]tsf] kdf /x]sf] k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] vkt lbgfg'lbg a9\b}
uPsf] 5 . t/ k]6f]lnod kbfy{{ cfk"lt{ ;xh Pj+ ;j{;'ne agfpg ;lsPsf] cj:yf
5}g . k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] cfk"lt{ tyf ljt/0fnfO{ Jojl:yt u/L pkef]QmfnfO{
;j{;'ne agfpg gLltut / ;+:yfut k|of; ul/Fb} cfP tfklg o;sf] k|efjsf/L
Joj:yf ug'{ s7Lg r'gf}tLsf] kdf /x]sf] 5 . k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] ljut jif{xsf]
ljj/0f b]xfo cg';f/ /x]sf] 5 M
tflnsf !) -3_ M k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] vkt ljj/0f

ljj/0f

cfly{s jif{
2064/65 2065/66

100842
k]6f]n -ls=ln=_
302706
l8h]n -ls=ln=_
155215
dl6[t]n -ls=ln=_
68938
xjfO{ OGwg -ls=ln=_
96837
Pn=kL=Uo+f; -d]=6=_
724,538
hDdf
* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]
;|f]tM g]kfn cfon lgud .

10.53

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

124169

162274

187640

199748

141332

466468

612505

655127

648513

443800

70089

55788

49494

41808

17370

68965

82631

101314

109808

78038

115813

141171

159286

181446

845,504

1,054,369

1,152,861

1,181,323

133271
8,13,811

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] vkt )=^# k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ (
nfv (( xhf/ * ;o && lsnf] ln6/ /x\of] eg] Pn=kL= UofF;sf] vkt !#=(
k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ! nfv *! xhf/ * ;o $^ d]l6s 6g ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf k]6f]lnod kbfy{ / Pn=kL= UofF; vkt qmdzM ^
nfv $% xhf/ * ;o &^ lsnf]ln6/ / ! nfv !# xhf/ ^ ;o (# d]l6s 6g
/x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] vkt
159

%=$ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ^ nfv *) xhf/ % ;o $) lsnf] ln6/ / Pn=kL= UofF;sf]
vkt !&=@ k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ! nfv ## xhf/@ ;o &! d]l6s 6g k'u]sf] 5 .
10.54 k]6f]lnod kbfy{xsf] vktsf] clwsf+z lx:;f l8h]n, dlt]n, k]6f]n / xjfO{
OGwgn] cf]u6]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df Pn=lk= UofF;afx]s k]6f]lnod
kbfy{sf] vktdf l8h]n, dlt]n, k]6f]n / xjfO{ OGwgsf] c+z qmdzM ^$=( k|ltzt,
$=@ k|ltzt, !(=( k|ltzt / !!=) k|ltzt /x]sf] b]lvG5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] vktnfO{ x]bf{ ;f] cg'kft l8h]nsf] ^%=@
k|ltzt, k]6f]nsf] @)=* k|ltzt, dlt]nsf] @=^ k|ltzt / xjfO{ OGwgsf] !!=$
k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
10.55 g]kfn cfon lgudn] g]kfn /fHoe/ slDtdf Ps dlxgfnfO{ k'Ug] a/fa/sf]
k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] e08f/0f Ifdtf lj:tf/ u/L e08f/0f u/L /fVg], l8hnsf] z'4tf
sfod /fVg ;f]df d"No clej[l4 s/ /lxt dlt]nsf] ld;fj6 / ckrng /f]Sg
l8hn / dlt]nsf] d"No ;dfg /fVg], pTkfbgzLn pBf]u jf xf]6nn] cf}Bf]lus jf
Joj;flos k|of]hgsf nflu g]kfn cfon lgudaf6 ;f]em} l8hn v/Lb ug{ rfx]df
lgudsf] k/n d"Nodf aNsdf v/Lb ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df
klg nfu' ul/Psf] 5 . o;}u/L Jofj;flos k|of]hgsf] nflu gLnf] /sf] UofF;
l;ln08/ k|rngdf NofO{ nfut d"Nodf Pn=lk= UofF; ljlqm ljt/0f ug]{ k|lqmof
cufl8 a9fOPsf] 5 .
10.56 g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k]6f]lnod kbfy{ tyf UofF; sf/f]jf/ -lgodg_ cfb]z, @)^( hf/L
eO{ k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] sf/f]jf/df lghL If]qnfO{ Nofpg] ;}4flGts lg0f{o ePsf] 5
eg] Jofj;flos k|of]hgsf nflu gLnf] /sf] l;ln08/ k|rngdf NofO{ laqmL ljt/0f
ug]{ ;Gbe{df g]kfn ;/sf/af6 Pn=lk= UofF;sf] /ftf] / gLnf] /sf] l;ln08/sf]
k|of]u / ljt/0f ;DaGwL cWofb]z, @)^( hf/L eO{ sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf /x]sf] 5 .
10.57 k]6f]lnod kbfy{ kfOknfO{g lgdf{0f;DaGwL sfo{ cufl8 j9fpg / ;f]sf] k|fk /
of]hgf jf/] lj1, O{l08og cfon skf]{/]zg;Fu k/f{dz eO/x]sf] 5 . g]kfn cfon
lgudsf] jt{dfg e08f/0f Ifdtf j[l4 tyf l8kf] dd{t ;'wf/sf] sfo{ eO/x]sf] 5 .
;fy} rfn' cfly{s jif{ leq sDtLdf b'O{ j6f l8kf]df Flow Meter h8fg ug]{
sfo{qmd /x]sf] 5 .

jftfj/0f / hnafo kl/jt{g

10.58 lj1fg,

k|ljlw tyf jftfj/0f dGqfnoaf6 lj1fg, k|ljlwsf] k|j4{g / ljsf; ug]{,

;"rgf k|ljlwsf] k|efjsf/L k|of]usf] dfWodn] ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfxdf ;]jfu|fxLsf]
kxFr
' nfO{ ;xh t'NofO{ ;'zf;gsf] ;'lglZrttf, d'n'ssf] ;dli6ut ljsf;df
jftfj/0fLo k|efj tyf hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf cj;/ / r'gf}tLsf] pko'Qm Joj:yfkg
ug]{, j}slNksgjLs/0fLo pmhf{ k|ljlwsf] lbuf] ljsf; / la:tf/ u/L g]kfnsf]
u|fdL0f If]qdf :jR5 pmhf{sf] ;xh cfk"lt{ ug]{, gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ k|ljlwaf6 ;
160

;fgf pBf]u tyf Joj;fox ;~rfng u/L u|fdL0f hgtfsf] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs
l:yltdf ;'wf/ Nofpg] ;Gbe{df ljleGg lqmofsnfkx ;~rfng x'Fb] cfPsf 5g\ .
oL ;a} sfo{x ljutdf jftfj/0f / lj1fg tyf k|ljlw b'O{ cnu dGqfnoaf6
;Dkfbg x'Fb} cfPsf]df dGqfnoxsf] PsLs/0f kZrft xfn lj1fg, k|ljlw tyf
jftfj/0f dGqfnoaf6 ;Dkfbg eO{ cfPsf] 5 .
10.59 jftfj/0f / hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf nflu Ifdtf clej[l4sf sfo{s|d, bf];|f] /fli6o
;~rf/ sfo{s|dsf] dfWodn] hgr]tgf clej[l4sf] lgoldt sfo{s|d ;~rfng,
hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] k|lts'n k|efj / hf]lvdsf] n]vfhf]vf ;DaGwL sfo{x x'Fb}
cfPsf] 5 .
10.60 hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 k|lts'n k|efj kf/]sf] If]qnfO{ Wofg lbO{ g]kfnn] rfNg' kg]{
sbdsf] k|s[ltnfO{ ljrf/ u/L cg's'ng, k|sf]k tyf hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f, Go'g sfa{g
pT;h{g / hnjfo' ;dofg's'ngsf sfo{s|dx lgoldt 9+uaf6 x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ .
o;sf nflu /fli6o cg"s'ng sfo{s|d / hnjfo' kl/jt{g gLlt, @)^& n] lglb{i6
u/] adf]lhd dWoklZrdf~rn / ;'b'/klZrdf~rnsf !$ lhNnfsf ^( j6f ufpF
ljsf; ;ldlt / 6Lsfk'/ gu/kflnsfdf :yfgLo cg's'ng sfo{of]hgf lgdf{0f
ul/;lsPsf] 5 . h;af6 :yfgLo hgtfsf] hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 kg]{ c;/af6 aRg]
Ifdtfsf] ljsf; eO{ pgLxsf] clfy{s ;fdflhs l:yltdf ;'wf/ cfpg] b]lvG5 .
10.61 hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL kj{tLo d'n'sxsf] jftfj/0f dlGq:t/Lo ;Dd]ng ;g\
@)!@ sf] clk|n % / ^ ut] sf7df08f}df ;DkGg eO{ !) a'Fb] sf7df08f} 3f]if0ffkq
hf/L ePkl5 To;sf] sfof{Gjogdf g]kfn nfu]sf] 5 . o;}u/L cltsd ljsl;t
/fi6xsf] tkm{af6 UNFCCC df ;g\ @)!#!$ sf nflu Negotiation Team
sf] g]t[Tj ug]{ cj;/ g]kfnn] k|fKt u/]sf] 5 .
10.62 g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ jftfj/0f ;+/If0f P]g tyf gLltxsf] k|efjsf/L
sfof{Gjogsf nflu jftfj/0f ljefu / ;"rgf k|ljlw gLlt tyf k|fjwfgsf]
Jojxfl/s k|of]udf k|efjsfl/tf Nofpg] l;nl;nfdf ;"rgf k|ljlw ljefusf] u7g /
:yfkgf ePsf]]5 . o;af6 w]/} cl3b]lv dx;'; x'b} cfPsf] jftfa/0f / ;'rgf
k|ljlwsf] If]qdf sfo{ ;~rfng txdf sfd ug]{ ;/sf/L ;+/rgfsf] cefj k"lt{
ePsf] 5 .
10.63 dfgj :jf:Yo / jftfj/0fsf] ;+/If0fsf] k|Tofe"lt ub}{ ;Dk"0f{ b]zaf;Lxn] :j:y
hLjgofkg ug{ kfpg\ eGg] p2]Zon] Wjlgsf] u'0f:t/ ;DaGwL /fli6o dfkb08,
@)^(, l;d]06 qm;/ pBf]uaf6 lgisf;g eO{ xfjfdf hfg] w'nf] ;DaGwL dfkb08,
@)^(, l8h]n h]g]/]6/af6 lgisf;g eO{ xfjfdf hfg] w'jfF ;DaGwL dfkb08 /
AjfOn/sf] ;~rfngaf6 lgisfzg x'g] w'jfF tyf lrDgLsf] prfO{ ;DaGwL dfkb08
hf/L ul/Psf] 5 . o;}u/L jfo'sf] u'0f:t/ ;DaGwL dfkb08, @)^( / ;jf/L k|b"if0f
dfkb08, @)^( ;d]t nfu' ul/Psf] 5 .
161

10.64

sf7df08f} pkTosfsf] jfo'sf] u'0f:t/ cg'udg ug]{ sfo{sf nflu k/fdz{bftfsf]

5gf}6 ug]{ sfo{ clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf] 5 . gjLs/0f pmhf{ cg'bfg gLltdf ;fdlos
kl/dfh{g ;lxt gof+ gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ cg'bfg gLlt, @)^( g]kfn ;/sf/af6
:jLs[t eO{ nfu' ul/Psf] 5 . o;}u/L jftfa/0fLo Joj:yfkgnfO{ gLltut kdf
;Daf]wg ug]{ qmddf O{lG;g]/]6/sf] dfkb08 lgwf{/0f ug]{ sfo{ eO{/x]sf] 5 eg] ln8
Og k]G6 ;DaGwL k[i7e"ld cWoog ug]{ sfo{ e}/x]sf] 5 .

aftfa/0fLo k|efj d'Nof\sg sfo{nfO{ Jojl:yt / ;/nLs/0f ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu

o;sf ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu 5nkmn sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 eg] !* j6f jftfj/0f
k|efj d'Nofg k|ltj]bgx / @$ j6f Scoping Documents /Terms of
reference :jLs[t ug]{ sfo{ ePsf] 5.
10.66 stf/sf] /fhwfgL bf]xfdf ;DkGg !*cf}+ Confrence of Parties df g]kfnsf] ;ls|o
;xeflutf x'g'sf ;fy} g]kfnsf] tkm{af6 5'} ;fO8 Oe]G6 klg cfof]hgf ul/of] .
o; ;Dd]ngdf cNkljsl;t /fi6sf] tkm{af6 g]t[Tj ub}{ Negotiation df efu lnO{
cfgf] ;ls|otf / ls|ofzLntf ;d]t k|bz{g u/]sf] lyof] .
10.67 o; cjlwdf hnlj1fg sfo{s|d cGtu{t k|d'v hnfwf/ If]qdf hndfkg s]Gb|sf]
:t/f]GgtL / ;'b[l9s/0f ug]{ sfo{ ePsf], hnu'0f k|of]uzfnf ;'b[l9s/0f / hnu'0f
dfkg sfo{ ePsf] 5 eg] xfjfkfgL lj1fg sfo{s|d tkm{ xfjfkfgL ;DaGwL j}1flgs
cWoog ePsf] 5 .
10.68 o;}u/L df};d k"jf{g'dfg sfo{qmdtkm{ hg;fwf/0fsf] nflu b}lgs df};d k"jf{g'dfg /
lxdfnL kbofqL tyf kj{tf/f]x0fsf] nflu ljz]if df};d k"jf{g'dfg ;]jf pknAw
ePsf] 5 . Satellite Distribution System af6 df};dL ;"rgf k|fKt ePsf], af9L
eljiojf0fL sfo{qmdtkm{ hndfkg jiff{ dfkg / ;~rfng s]Gb|xsf] ;'wf/ ul/Psf],
af9L eljiojf0fL s]Gb|xdf hndfkg sfo{x ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L hn tyf df};d
;DaGwL tYof+s Digital Format df k|of]u ug]{sf] ;+Vof j[l4 eO{ /fh:jdf
pNn]vgLo j[l4 ePsf] b]lvG5 .
10.65

j}slNks phf{
10.69

g]kfndf j}slNksgjLs/0fLo pmhf{ k|ljlwsf] lbuf] ljsf; u/L u|fdL0f If]qdf

pmhf{sf] cfk"lt{ ug]{, pmhf{ k|ljlwaf6 ljleGg ;;fgf pBf]u tyf Joj;fox
;~rfng u/L ljz]ifu/L u|fdL0f hgtfsf] cfly{s;fdflhs l:yltdf ;'wf/ Nofpg],
ul/aL lgjf/0f ug]{ / jftfj/0f ;+/If0f ug]{] p2]Zon] :yfkgf ul/Psf] j}slNks pmhf{
k|j4{g s]Gb|n] p2]Zo kl/k"lt{sf nflu j}slNks pmhf{ k|ljlw gLlt tyf of]hgf
lgdf{0fdf g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ cfjZos ;xof]u tyf k/fdz{ lbg], cNksfnLg tyf
bL3{sfnLg sfo{qmdx th'{df ug]{, pmhf{;Fu ;DalGwt ljleGg ;+3;+:yfxnfO{
;dGjo u/L sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog u/fpg], sfo{qmdsf] u'0f:t/ lgoGq0f, cg'udg
tyf d'Nofg ug]{] sfo{x ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 .
162

10.70

10.71

g]kfn ;/sf/n] gjLs/0fLo tyf j}slNks pmhf{ If]qdf cjnDjg u/]sf] d'Vo
gLltdf u|fdL0f pmhf{ gLlt, gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ cg'bfg gLlt, lqjlif{o of]hgf /x]sf
5g\ . pQm gLltxdf d'Votof b]zleq} k|r'/ dfqfdf /x]sf :jR5, e/kbf]{ tyf
lbuf] pmhf{sf] ;|f]t tyf k|ljlwxsf] k|j4{g, ljsf; tyf la:tf/ ug{ cfjZos
cg'bfg /sd pknJw u/fpg], k|fljlws ;xfotf pknJw u/fpg], k|ljlwsf]
x:tfGt/0f ug]{, lghL If]q tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfxnfO{ o;sf] k|j4{g tyf
ljsf;df ;+nUg u/fpg] /x]sf 5g\ . cfufdL @) jif{leq s'n pmhf{sf] vkt dWo]
!) k|ltzt gjLs/0fLoj}slNks pmhf{af6 / ljB't\sf] kx'Fr k'Ug] hg;+Vof dWo] #)
k|ltzt gjLs/0fLoj}slNks pmhf{af6 pknAw u/fpg] u/L gjLs/0fLo pmhf{
k|ljlwsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ ub}{ jftfj/0f ;Gt'ng, /f]huf/L ;[hgf / ;dfj]zL
ljsf;df of]ubfg k'ofpg] nIo /x]sf] 5 . xfn s'n hg;+Vofsf] sl/j !$ k|ltzt
hg;+Vofn] gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ ;|f]tjf6 ljB't ;]jf kfO/x]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L s'n
hg;+Vofsf] sl/j @& k|ltzt hg;+Vofn] :jR5 gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ k|of]u ul//x]sf
b]lvG5g\ .
j}slNks phf{ If]qdf ljut tLg jif{ Pj+ k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] cj:yf b]xfocg';f/
/x]sf] 5 M
tflnsf !) -_ M g]kfndf j}slNks pmhf{sf] cj:yf

d'Vo d'Vo sfo{qmdx

PsfO{

n3' tyf ;fgf hnljB't

cfof]hgfjf6 ljB't pTkfbg
;f}o{ 3/]n' ljB't k|0ffnL h8fg
;f}o{ kDk h8fg
;f}o{ 6'sL h8fg
;f]nf/ 8fo/s's/ ljt/0f
jfof]Uof; h8fg
;'wfl/Psf] kfgL 3 h8fg
;'wfl/Psf] r'nf] h8fg

ls=jf=
;+Vof
;+Vof
;+Vof
;+Vof
;+Vof
;+Vof
;+Vof

cfly{s jif{
@)^^^& @)^&^*
@)^*^(

k|yd cf7 dlxgf

@)^*^( @)^(&)

!,^(%

@,$%#

#,@%*

!,^!(=&

#@,)&

#^,!#%
@
%,(!#
##*
!(,%!!
(*^
*&,!%$

%&,)%(
@@
^,#)*
@&@
!&,()&
#%#
*$,!^*

#%,^@&
!
!),#*$
@)@
!*,(&(
(&!
!!*,$^!

@&,*^*
!
%,%)@
!!*
#,)*!
%!)
$#,*&*

#@,^)*
!@
!,#*#
*^
@#*
#^%
%^,##$

;|f]tM j}slNks pmhf{ k|j4{g s]Gb| .

10.72

ljut tLg jif{sf] tYof\s x]bf{ n3' tyf ;fgf hnljB't cfof]hgfjf6 ljB't
pTkfbg j[l4 ePsf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf n3'
tyf ;fgf hnljB't cfof]hgfjf6 ljB't pTkfbg ut cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf]
;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf (* k||ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(
sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf o:tf] j[l4 !*=#( k|ltzt dfq /x]sf] lyof] . ;f}o{ 3/]n' ljB't
k|0ffnL / ;'wfl/Psf] r'nf] h8fg ;+Vof ;d]t cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7
dlxgfsf] t'ngfdf rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf a9]sf] 5 . ;f}o{
6'sL h8fg ;+Vof eg] ut cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf %%)@
163

10.73

/x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf !#*# dfq /x]sf]n] &$=*^
k|ltztn] 36]sf] 5 . o;}u/L ut cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]
t'ngfdf rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf ;f}o{ kDk, ;f}o{ 6'sL,
jfof]Uof;, ;'wf/l/Psf] kfgL 3 h8fg ;+Vof 36]sf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf k"0f{ jh]6 gcfPsf], gofF sfo{qmd z' ePsf],
gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ ;DaGwL gofF cg'bfg gLlt cfpg ;do nfu]sf] sf/0fn] k|ult
sd ePklg cfly{s jif{sf] cGTodf nIo k"/f x'g] b]lvG5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df ;~rflnt sfo{qmdx dWo] jfof]Uof; tkm{ !( xhf/
KnfG6 h8fg ug]{ nIo /x]sf]df k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf @#* h8fg ePsf, n3' tyf
;fgf hnljB't cfof]hgfxjf6 %)!) lsnf]jf6 ljB't pTkbfg ug]{ nIo /x]sf]df
sf] #,@)& lsnf]jf6 ljB't pTkfbg ePsf], ^) xhf/ ;f}o{ ljB't k|0ffnL h8fg ug]{
nIo /x]sf]df #@,^)* j6f ;f}o{ k|0ffnL h8fg ul/Psf], ! nfv & xhf/ ;'wfl/Psf]
r"nf] h8fg ug]{ nIo /x]sfdf %^ xhf/ ##$ j6f h8fg ul/Psf], @) j6f ;f}o{
vfg]kfgL kDk h8fg ug]{ nIo /x]sf]df !@ j6f h8fg ul/Psf], !))) j6f
;'wfl/Psf] kfgL 3 h8fg ug]{ nIo /x]sfdf #^% j6f h8fg ul/Psf]5 . dfly
pNn]lvt sfo{qmdjf6 sl/j %( xhf/ ^$& 3/kl/jf/xnfO{ ljB't ;]jf pknJw
ePsf], %^ xhf/ %&@ 3/kl/jf/xnfO{ vfgf ksfpg] :jR5 OGwg tyf k|ljlw
pknJw ePsf] / sl/j ^)) 3/kl/jf/xnfO{ vfg]kfgL pknJw ePsf] 5 . o;sf]
cltl/Qm u|fdL0f If]qdf :jR5 pmhf{jf6 ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfxsf] lzIff, :jf:Yo tyf
jftfj/0fdf ;'wf/ cfPsf] 5 .

;d:of tyf r'gf}tLx

10.74 cGt/f{l6o

ahf/df k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"Nodf ePsf] j[l4 cg'k laqmL d"NonfO{

;dfof]hg ug{ g;s]sf] sf/0fn] k]6f]lnod kbfy{df gf]S;fgL j[l4 x'b} uPsf] /
gubk|jfxsf] sdLn] ubf{ cfjZos kl/df0fdf cfoft ug{ g;Sbf ;xh cfk"lt{df
sl7gfO{ e}/x]sf] cj:yf 5 .
10.75 ljleGg sf/0fn] k6s k6s x'g] /fhdfu{ aGb, cfGbf]ng, x8\tfn / rSsfhfd
cflbn] ubf{ klg ;dod} k]6f]lnod kbfy{ cfoft u/L ;j{;'ne tl/sfaf6 laqmL
ljt/0f ug{ g;s]sf] x'Fbf sl7gfO{ kl//x]sf] 5 eg] cfjZostfcg'k d"No
;dfof]hg x'g g;Sbf k]6f]lnod kbfy{ h:tf] cTofjZos kbfy{sf] lgoldt cfk"lt{
ug{ C0f lnO{ cfk"lt{ ubf{ C0f bfloTj a9]/ uPsf] cj:yf 5 .
10.76 xfn gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ k|ljlwjf6 nfeflGjt x'g] hg;+Vofdf pNn]vgLo j[l4 ePklg
ljz]ifu/L b'u{d If]qxdf n3' hnljB't cfof]hgsf] nflu nfutdf pRr j[l4 ePsf]
t/ cg'bfgdf j[l4 gePsf] sf/0fn] ;d'bfojf6 cg'bfg afx]ssf] cfjZos /sd
h'6fpg sl7gfO{ eO/x]sf] 5 .
164

;f}o{ pmhf{jf6 ljB'tsf] nflu b'u{d tyf clt b'u{d If]qjf6 dfu w]/} cfPsf] t/
cg'bfg /sdsf] cefjsf] sf/0fn] dfu cg';f/ h8fg ug{ g;lsPsf] cj:yf 5 .
10.78 g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] sf/f]jf/df lghL If]qnfO{ Nofpg] ;}4flGts
lg0f{o e};s]sf] x'Fbf lgudn] k|lts'n cfly{s cj:yfdf ;d]t s'zntfsf ;fy lghL
If]q;Fu k|lt:kwf{df hfg'kg]{ cj:yf /x]sf] 5 .
10.77

165

!!= oftfoft tyf ;~rf/

!!= oftfoft tyf ;~rf/

;8s oftfoft
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ! xhf/ ! ;o *) lsnf]ld6/ df6] ;8s, $ ;o
& lsnf] ld6/ v08f:dLt tyf @ ;o () lsnf]ld6/ sfnf]kq] ;8s
:t/f]Gglt ePsf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g;Dd ! ;o ($
lsnf]ld6/ df6] ;8s, ! ;o ^( lsnf]ld6/ v08f:dLt tyf ! ;o @*
lsnf]ld6/ sfnf]kq] ;8s :t/f]Gglt ePsf] 5 . To:t}, o; cfly{s jif{sf]
kmfu'g;Dddf @ xhf/ & ;o !$ lsnf]ld6/ ;8ssf] lgoldt tyf k6s]
dd{t ;+ef/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

11.1

tflnsf !! -s_ M ljut tLg jif{sf] jflif{s k|ult

ljj/0f

PsfO{

cfly{s jif{
@)^&^* @)^*^( @)^(&)*

lsnf]dL6/

968

1180

194

v08f:dLtdf :t/f]Gglt

663

407

169

sfnf]kq]df :t/f]Gglt

485

290

128

;8s dd{t-lgoldt tyf

k6s]_
cfjlws dd{t

;fnj;fnL

6574

2714

784

500

330

k'n lgdf{0f

uf]6f

47

47

16

lhNnf ;b/d'sfd hf]8\g]

;+Vof

1 -dgf_

1-d'u'_

gofF ;8s lgdf{0f

;|f]t M ;8s ljefu .

* @)^(&) k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .
11.2

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] cGTo;Dddf d'n'se/ sfnf]kq] !) xhf/ ! ;o

(@ lsnf]ld6/, v08fl:dt % xhf/ & ;o *& lsnf]ld6/ / sRrL ;8s *
xhf/ $ ;o !) lsnf]ld6/ u/L hDdf @$ xhf/ # ;o *( lsnf]ld6/
;8s lgdf{0f ePsf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g;Dd sfnf]kq] !)
xhf/ # ;o @) lsnf]ld6/, v08f:dLt % xhf/ * ;o @* lsnf]ld6/ /
sRrL ;8s * xhf/ $ ;o #% lsnf]ld6/ u/L xfn ;8ssf] s'n nDafO{
@$ xhf/ % ;o *# lsnf]ld6/ k'u]sf] 5 .
166

tflnsf !! -v_ M ;8s ljefuaf6 agfOPsf ;8s ;'ljwfsf] lj:tf/

-lsnf]ld6/df_

cfly{s jif{
lsl;d

@)^(&);Dd*
@)^&^* @)^*^( @)^(&)*
df yk

hDdf

c+z -k|ltzt_

sfnf]kq]
v08fl:dt

9902

10192

128

10320

41.98

5670

5787

169

5828

23.71

sRrL ;8s
hDdf

7637

8410

194

8435

34.31

23209

24389

194

24583

100

;|f]t M ;8s ljefu .

* @)^(&) k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .
11.3

o;}u/L ;8s ljefu cGtu{t afx]s :yfgLo:t/df ;+rfng ul/g] k"jf{wf/

ljsf; lgdf{0f Pj+ ;+rfng / dd{t;Def/ ;DaGwL cfof]hgf, kl/of]hgf tyf
sfo{qmdx cGtu{t :yfgLo lgsfoxaf6 ePsf] ;8s ;'ljwf lj:tf/ /
lgdf{0f sfo{sf] k|ult b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .
tflnsf !! -u_ M :yfgLo lgsfoaf6 agfOPsf ;8s ;'ljwfsf] lj:tf/
-lsnf]ld6/df_

sfo{qmd tyf
kl/of]hgf

ljj/0f

PsfO{

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

64

231

87

12

66

50

260

335

147

22

55

11

307

343

147

s_ u|fdL0f kx'Fr
afx}| dlxgf
lsnf]dL6/
;'wf/ tyf
;+rfng x'g] ;8s
ljs]Gb|Ls/0f
df};dL ;8s

kl/of]hgf
v_ u|fdL0f k'g
lgdf{0f tyf
k'gM:yfkgf
sfo{qmd

u|fdL0f ;8s
lgdf{0f tyf ;'wf/
-sfnf]kq ;d]t_

u_ lhNnf ;8s gofF ;8s lgdf{0f

;xof]u sfo{qmd lgoldt ;8s

cfly{s jif{

167

sfo{qmd tyf
kl/of]hgf

ljj/0f

PsfO{

cfly{s jif{
2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

dd{t;Def/
;8s k'g:yfkgf

17

15

3_ u|fdL0f
;fd'bflos
k"jf{wf/ ljsf;
sfo{qmd

u|fdL0f ;8s
lgdf{0f

69

36

25

_ u|fdL0f kx'Fr
sfo{qmd

u|fdL0f ;8s
lgdf{0f

lsnf]dL6/

113

26

sRrL ;8s
lgdf{0f

700

650

115

650

800

250

20

35

;8s u|fe]n

370

375

75

u|fe]n

214

676

731

sfnf]kq]

287

178

;8s dd{t

3754

3075

r_ :yfgLo
;8s dd{t ;'wf/
oftfoft k"jf{wf/
If]qut sfo{qmd ;8s sfnf]kq]

5_ :yfgLo
:jfoQ zf;g
tyf ;fd'bflos
ljsf; sfo{qmd

3401

;|f]tM ;\3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno

* @)^(&) k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]

;jf/L ;fwg
11.4

cfly{s jif{ @)$^$& b]lv @)^*^( sf] cGTo;Dddf b]ze/df !# nfv

$* xhf/ ( ;o (% j6f ;jf/L ;fwg /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ut cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf]
t'ngfdf ! nfv $@ xhf/ $ ;o @& n] j[l4 eO{ ;jf/L ;fwgxsf] s'n
;+Vof !$ nfv (! xhf/ $ ;o @@ k'u]sf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{df ut
cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] t'ngfdf ;/b/ $) k|ltztn] ;jf/L
;fwgsf] j[l4 ePsf] 5 .
168

tflnsf !! -3_ M ;jf/L ;fwgxsf] ;+Vof

cfly{s jif{
lsl;d

a;
ldgLa;ldlg6s
qm]g8f]h/P:sfe]6/
6s
sf/hLkEofg
lks ck
dfOqmf] a;
6]Dkf]
df]6/;fOsn
6]S6/kfj/ l6n/
cGo
hDdf

@)$^$&
b]lv
@)^*^(
;Dd

k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]

cfly{s jif{
cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( sf]
@)^(&)
t'ngfdf
sf] k|yd
@)^(&) sf]
cf7 dlxgf
j[l4 k|ltzt ;Ddsf]
k|yd cf7
s'n
dlxgfsf]_

@)^*^(*
df yk

@)^(&)*
df yk

26875

1016

2040

28915

101

11979

602

933

12912

55

46860

593

2234

49094

277

129140

5403

6279

135419

16

12749

1208

3494

16243

189

2478

61

93

2571

52

7453

52

7505

767

1031880

90305

121182

1153062

34

73306

2512

5954

79260

137

6275

73

166

6441

127

1348995

101779

142427

1491422

40

;|f]t M oftfoft Joj:yf ljefu .

* @)^(&) k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .

rfn' cfly{s jif{df ul/Psf gLltut tyf ;+:yfut ;'wf/

11.5

11.6

11.7

;jf/L b'3{6gfsf] /f]syfd ug]{, b'3{6gfaf6 kLl8t kIfnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ lbnfpg],

aLdf ;'ljwf oyfzL3| pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf ug]{, ;fwf/0f hgtfnfO{ ;/n
Pj+ ;'ne tj/n] oftfoft ;]jf pknAw u/fpg], oftfoft ;]jfnfO{ ;'b[9,
k|efjsf/L agfpg] gLlt cg'k ;jf/L ;fwg / ;jf/L rfns cg'dltkq
sDKo'6/Ls[t ug]{, ;jf/L rfns cg'dltkqsf] k|of]ufTds k/LIffnfO{ CCTV
dfkm{t\ cg'udg ug]{ sfo{x ePsf] 5 .
;jf/L ;fwgsf] j}1flgs hfFrkf;sf] nflu cTofw'lgs k|ljlwo'Qm ;jf/L
;fwg pko'Qmtf (Vehicle Fitness Test Center) kl/If0f s]Gb|sf] lgdf{0f
sfo{ ;DkGg e};s]sf] 5 . To:t} t];|f] kIf aLdf sfof{Gjog eO/x]sf] 5 .
zx/L oftfoftnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ oftfoft Joj:yf ljefu cGtu{t afudtL
c~rndf tLg j6f oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{nox / sf7df08f}+sf] ;fgf]
eof / eQmk'/sf] ;Nnf3f/Ldf PsPs j6f ;]jf s]Gb|x u/L hDdf
kfFrj6f sfof{noxaf6 ;]jf k|jfx e}/x]sf] 5 . s0ff{nL c~rn afx]s ;a}
c~rndf PsPs j6f oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{nox /x]sf 5g\ / gf/fo0fL
169

11.8

11.9

11.10

c~rndf x]6f}8f, uf}/ / e/tk'/df zfvf sfof{noxaf6 ;]jfk|jfx e}/x]sf]

5 . To;}u/L oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{no e]/L / sf]xnk'/ PsfO{ sfof{noaf6
;]jfk|jfx e}/x]sf] 5 . o;/L !# j6f c~rndf !% j6f sfof{no, b'O{ j6f
;]jf s]Gb|, tLg j6f zfvf sfof{no / Ps j6f OsfO{ sfof{noaf6 ;]jfk|jfx
e}/x]sf] 5 .
oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{noxdf g]6jls{ ul/Ps]f 5 . O{aLln sfo{
dfkm{t /fhZj c;'lndf pNn]vgLo k|ult ePsf] 5 . ;fy} O{aLlnsf]
;'?jft ePkl5 gSsnL /l;b k]z u/L /fhZj 5Ng] k|j[lQ k"0f{ kdf ;dfKt
ePsf] 5 .
sf7df08f}+sf] 6]s'df cTofw'lgs sDKo'6/fO{H8 e]lxsn lkm6g]z 6]:6 ;]G6/
:yfkgf e};s]sf] 5 . ;f] sf] ;+rfngsf] nflu lghL If]qaf6 k|:tfj cfJxfg
e};s]sf] 5 . sfo{ cufl8 al9/x]sf]n] lgs6 eljiodf pQm s]Gb| ;+rfng x'g]
cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 .
;jf/L rfns cg'dltkqsf] lnlvt k/LIffnfO{ j}1flgs agfpg b'O{ kf+u|] /
rf/ kf+u|] ;jf/Lsf nflu 5'f5'} kf7oqmd tof/ u/L nfu" ul/Psf] / ;f]xL
kf7\oqmd adf]lhd k|Zgkq lgdf{0f eO{ k/LIff lng] sfo{ ;'? ePsf] 5 .
To;}u/L ;jf/L rfns cg'dltkqsf] k|of]ufTds k/LIffnfO{ dof{lbt tyf
j}1flgs agfpg @)&) a}zfv ! ut] b]lv nfu" x'g] u/L k|of]ufTds
k/LIffsf] gofF ljlw nfu" ul/Psf] 5 .

gful/s p8\8og
11.11

11.12

11.13

cfGtl/s p8fg tkm{sf] ofq' ;]jf z'Ns xjfO{ l6s6df ;dfj]z u/L p7fpg]
;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf :jLs[t e} sf7df8f}+af6 k|:yfg ug]{ cfGtl/s p8fgxdf
@)&) ;fn >fj0f ! ut] b]lv nfu" ug]{ / cfjZos k"jf{wf/ ;'lglZrt
e};s]kl5 qmdzM cGo cfGtl/s ljdfg:ynxdf klg nfu" ub}{ hfg] Joj:yf
ul/Psf] 5 .
cfGtl/s ljdfg:yn tkm{ kfFr j6f sflnsf]6, dl;g]rf}/ -8f]Nkf_, lztn]Zjf/f
-ndh'_, /];'f -u'NdL_, kmfu'gfgGb -Onfd_ ljdfg:ynx lgdf{0fflwg
cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\ . ?s'd, ;Nn], rf}/emf/L, afh'/f, bf, kmfKn', vfgL8fF8f,
?Dhf6f/, /fd]5fk, 8f]Nkf / d'u' ladfg:ynxsf] Wffjgdfu{ Smfnf]kq] ug]{
qmddf /x]sf] 5 . lj/f6gu/, ;'v]{t, hgsk'/, rGb|u9L / t'lDn6f/
ljdfg:yndf PAPI Cable CCR (Constant Current Regulator) and
Accessories h8fg sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
lqe'jg cGt/fli6o ljdfg:yn ;'wf/ cfof]hgf tkm{ u'? of]hgf cg'k
klxnf] r/0fsf] Po/kf]6{sf] # ;o ld6/ blIf0ftkm{sf] lj:tf/, Pk|f]g lj:tf/,
170

Parallel Taxiway, Link Taxiway, cGt/fli6o 6ld{gn k'glgdf{0f tyf

;+rf/ k|0ffnL ;'wf/ tkm{ PlzofnL ljsf; a}s;Fu cg'bfgsf nflu ;Demf}tf
e} k/fdz{bfqLn] sfo{ yfngL u/]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g
;Dddf 8f]Nkfsf] dl;g]rf}/df ljdfg:yn yk eO{ cfGtl/s ljdfg:ynxsf]
;+Vof %$ k'u]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( kmfu'g ;Dddf g]kfndf p8fg
ug]{ cGt/fli6o jfo';]jfxsf] ;+Vof @( j6f /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&)
sf] kmfu'g ;Dddf Gulf Air, Kingfisher / GMG jfo';]jfxsf] xjfO{
p8fg aGb eP/ xfn @^ j6f cGt/fli6o jfo';]jfx ;+rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ .
tflnsf !! -_ M gful/s p8\8og ;DaGwL ljj/0f
qm=;+ ljj/0f
!
@
#
$
%

cGt/fli6o p8fg ug]{ g]kfnL

jfo';]jfx
g]kfndf p8fg ug]{ cGt/f{li6o
jfo';]jfx
l4klIfo xjfO{ ;]jf ;+emf}Tff ePsf
b]zx
l4tkmL{ xjfO{ l;6
cfGtl/s p8fg ug]{ jfo';]jfx

@)^* kmfu'g
;Dd ;+Vof
@ j6f

@)^( kmfu'g
;Dd ;+Vof
@ j6f

@(

@^

#^

#^

%@,%%,)))
!&

%@,%%,)))
!&

!
%#
!^

!
%$
!(

#%

#%

(Fixed wing + Rotor wing)

^
&
*
(

cGt/f{li6o ljdfg:yn
cfGtl/s ljdfg:yn
;a} df};ddf ;+rfng x'g]
ljdfg:ynx
;+rfngdf /x]sf s'n cfGtl/s
ljdfg:ynx
;|f]t M ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno .

11.14

xjfO{ ;'/Iff (Aviation Security) ;'b[l9s/0fsf] nflu kf]v/f / lj/f6gu/

ljdfg:ynxdf Hold Baggage X-Ray ;~rfng ul/Psf] / o; cfly{s
jif{ @)^(&) df kf]v/f ljdfg:yndf Hand Baggage X-Ray h8fgsf]
nflu jflif{s ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd adf]lhd sfo{ ul/Psf] ;fy} n'Snf
ljdfg:yndf klg Walk Through Metal Detector h8fg ul/Psf] 5 .
ljleGg STOL ljdfg:ynxdf ;'/Iff hfFrsf] nflu cfjZos Handheld
Metal Detector pknAw u/fOPsf] 5 . ;fy} gful/s pog ;'/Iff
171

11.15

11.16

11.17

11.18

lgodfjnL / ;+rflnt sfo{qmddf ;dofg's'n kl/dfh{g ub}{ nluPsf] 5 .

To;}u/L ljdfg:ynxdf p2f/ tyf clUg lgjf/0f ;]jfsf] lj:tf/, ljsf;
Pj+ ;'b[l9s/0fsf nflu e}/xjf, l;d/f, g]kfnu~h, lj/f6gu/ ljdfg:yndf
uf]li7 / cfkt\sflng cEof; ;~rfng ePsf 5g\ eg] Large Foam vl/b
u/L lqe'jg cGt/f{li6o ljdfg:yndf /flvPsf] 5 . cfunfuL /f]syfdsf
nflu Fire Extinguishers nufot ;fdfu|Lx pknAw u/fpFb} ;DalGwt
kIfxnfO{ tflnd ;d]t k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfnsf] kl/l:ylt cg's'n
ljdfg:yn p2f/ tyf clUg lgjf/0f ;]jfnfO{ cem ;'b[9 Pj+ Jojl:yt ug{
Rescue and Fire Fighting Manual tof/ ug]{ sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
;g\ @))^ / ;g\ @)!) df ICAO af6 g]kfnsf] xjfO{ ;'/Iff k|0ffnLsf]
cl86 eO{ cl86af6 cf}+NofOPsf l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjo e}/x]sf] 5 .
ljsl;t k|ljlw cfNg] qmddf ICAO sf] l;kmfl/; cg';f/ g]kfndf
Performance Based Navigation System (PBN) df cfwfl/t
Airspace, Air Route tyf Procedure sf] ljsf; ug{ g]kfn gful/s
p8\8og k|flws/0faf6 PBN Implementation Plan :jLs[t eO{ qmlds
kdf nfu" ug]{ r/0fdf /x]sf] 5 . Airbus Company sf] Subsidiary
;+:yf Quovadis sf] ;xof]udf lqe'jg cGt/f{li6o ljdfg:ynsf] /g j] )@
sf] nflu PBN df cfwfl/t Required Navigation PerformanceAuthorization Required (RNP-AR) Pk|f]r l8hfOgnfO{ :jLs[t u/L #
d], @)!@ sf] Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP)
Supplement af6 nfu" ul/Psf] 5 .
xfn;Dd p8\8og v]ns'b (Aviation Sports) ;Fu ;Da4 ;+:yfxnfO{
jfo';]jf sDkgL ;/x ;+rfng cg'dlt (AOC) k|bfg u/L ;~rfng ul/Fb}
cfPsf]df ca pk|fGt dGqfno, k|flws/0f tyf ;DalGwt Joj;foLxsf]
;d]t k|ltlglw /xg] u/L 5'} OsfO{ u7g u/L xjfO{ v]ns"b;Fu ;DalGwt
;+:yfxnfO{ pog v]ns"b ;~rfng k|df0fkq (Air Sports Operation
Certificate) (ASOC) k|bfg ug]{ / ;f] ;Fu ;DalGwt kfOn6xsf]
nfO;]G; hf/L, cg'udg, Joj:yfkg tyf lgodg ug]{ u/L g]kfn ;/sf/af6
pog v]ns"b lgodfjnL, @)^( hf/L eO{ nfu" ePsf] 5 .
gful/s pog k|lzIf0f k|lti7fgdf ICAO sf] Train Air Programme
cGtu{t Train Air Plus sf] Associate Member sf] kdf dfGotf k|fKt
eP cg';f/ New Generation of Aviation Professional Initiatives
and the ICAO Competency Based Training Approach cGtu{t
New Upgraded Trainair Plus Programme sfof{Gjogdf cfO;s]sf] 5 .
ko{6sLo s]Gb| kf]v/fsf] l5Gg]8fF8fdf pko{'Qm :t/sf] If]qLo cGt/f{li6o
172

ljdfg:yn lgdf{0f ug{ @)#@ ;fndf clwu|x0f ul/Psf] #!)^ /f]kgL

hUufdf u|]l8 / Fencing ug]{ sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ljdfg:yn
lgdf{0fsf nflu k|f/lDes Engineering Survey, Layout plan tof/
e};s]sf] 5 . Pl;ofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] C0f tyf cg'bfg ;xfotfdf South
Asia Tourism Infrastructure Development Project (SATIDP),
Nepal Portion cGtu{t C0f tyf cg'bfg k|fKt e} o; cGtu{t uf}tda'4

11.19

ljdfg:ynnfO{ If]qLo :t/sf] cGt/f{li6o ljdfg:ynsf] kdf ljsf; ug]{ /

o;sf nflu yk clwu|x0f ug{'kg]{ !$^ la3f hUuf dWo] xfn;Dd sl/a *%
k|ltzt hUufsf] d'cfJhf ljt/0f e};s]sf] 5 .
af/f lhNnfsf] lghu9df bf]>f] cGt/f{li6o ljdfg:yn lgdf{0f ug{ g]kfn
;/sf/ / sf]l/ofsf] Landmark Worldwide Company ;Fu ePsf]
;Demf}tf adf]lhd pQm sDkgLn] a'emfPsf] clGtd k|ltj]bgsf] ;f/f+z
BOOT Committee df k]z ul/Psf] / nufgLsf] nflu ;|f]t h'6fpg] k|of;
e}/x]sf] 5 .

/]n oftfoft
11.20

g]kfndf /]ndfu{ tyf d]6f] oftfoftsf] klxrfg, ljsf;, lj:tf/ Pj+

;~rfngsf nflu cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df /]n ljefusf] :yfkgf eO /]Nj]
tyf d]6f] ljsf; cfof]hgf dfkm{t d]rL dxfsfnL ljB'tLo /]ndfu{,
sf7df08f} pkTosf d]6f] cfof]hgf, ef/tLo ;xof]usf] /]n kl/of]hgf
nufotsf sfo{qmdx cl3 a9fOPsf] 5 . o; cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df
d]rL dxfsfnL ljB'tLo /]ndfu{ cGtu{t l;d/f abL{af; v08 / l;d/f
lj/u~h ln+s /]ndfu{sf] !#% lsnf]ld6/ lj:t[t cWoog k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{
sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . o;} cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) af6 d]rL dxfsfnL
ljB'tLo /]ndfu{sf] l;d/f a'6jn v08 -!&( lsnf]ld/_ / a'6jn e}/xjf n'lDagL_ ln+s -$$ lsnf]ld6/_ sf] lj:t[t cWoog k|ltj]bg tof/ ug{
k/fdz{bftfsf] lgo'Qm eO{ sfo{ rfn' /x]sf] 5 . ;fy}, a'6jn ufrf}sL v08
-$@! lsnf]ld6/_ sf] lj:t[t cWoog k|ltj]bg tof/ ug{ k/fdz{bftf
5gf}6sf] qmddf /x]sf] 5 . sf7df08f} pkTosf d]6f] -&&=@* lsnf]ld6/_ sf]
;+efJotf cWoog sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . oL cfof]hgfxsf] sfo{Gjog
kZrft ;fj{hlgs oftfoftdf ;xhtf cfpg] Pj+ /f]huf/L ;[hgf x'g] /
cfly{s lqmofsnfkdf a[l4 eO{ /fli6o cy{tGqdf pNn]vgLo of]ubfg k'Ug]
ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

173

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/

11.21

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno cGtu{t d"ntM x'nfs ;]jf, b"/;~rf/ ;]jf,
d'b|0f ;]jf, 5fkf tyf ljB'tLo ;~rf/ / rnlrq If]q kb{5g\ . ;"rgf /
k|ljlwsf] d]b08sf] kdf /x]sf pko'{Qm ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ lgsfoxaf6
o; If]q;Fu ;DalGwt /fli6o gLlt, cGt/f{li6o d~rxdf JoQm u/]sf
k|lta4tf, ;\3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] dd{ / efjgfcg'k ;"rgf
k|jfxdf k|efjsfl/tf Nofpg] Pj+ u|fdL0f If]q;Dd ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ If]qsf]
ljsf; / lj:tf/ ug]{ p2]Zo /fvL o; dGqfno / cGtu{tsf lgsfoxaf6
ljleGg k|sf/sf ;+:yfut, ;+/rgfut, sfg'gL Pj+ gLltut ;'wf/;DaGwL
sfo{qmdx ;~rfng ePsf] 5 .
tflnsf !! -r_ M ljut tLg cfly{s jif{sf] tYofsf] t'ngfTds l:ylt
cfly{s jif{

Pkm=Pd=/]l8of]
Pkm=Pd=/]l8of]
lgoldt k|;f/0f
6]lnlehg
6]lnlehg lgoldt
k|;f/0f
s]a'n 6]lnlehg
l8l6Pr
8fpgln+ssf]
Ohfht
VHF/UHF
Transmitter
/]l8of] oGq ljqmL
ljt/0f
syfgs rnlrq
hfFr kf; ;+Vof
lj1fkg rnlrq
hfFrkf; ;+Vof
ljb]zL rnlrq
5fof+sg

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11.22

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df 6]lnlehg k|;f/0fsf] nflu Ohfht lng]sf] ;+Vof

174

11.23

11.24

#( /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) kmfu'g ;Dddf cf7 j6fsf] Ohfht

vf/]h eO{ 6]lnlehg k|;f/0fsf] nflu Ohfht lng]sf] ;+Vof 36]/ #! k'u]sf]
5 . To:t,} cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df 8fpgln+ssf] Ohfht lng]sf] ;+Vof
!)^ /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) kmfu'g ;Dddf @@ j6fn] tf]lsPsf]
cjlw leq Ohfht gljs/0f gu/]sf] sf/0fn] 36]/ Ohfht lng]sf] ;+Vofsf]
*$ k'u]sf] 5 .
rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df South Asian Sub-Regional Economic
Cooperation (SASEC) ;"rgf /fhdfu{ cfof]hgf cGtu{t g]kfn, ef/t,
a+unfb]z / e"6fgaLr ;"rgf xa lgdf{0f u/L 6]ln;]G6/ dfkm{t\ ;"rgf
cfbfgk|bfg ug]{ sfo{sf nflu af]nkq cfx\jfg eO{ ICRAFT Co. Pvt.
Ltd., Korea ;Fu clK6sn kmfOa/ lj5\ofpg] sfo{sf nflu 7]Ssf ;DkGg
ePsf] 5 .
;/sf/L ;"rgf tyf lj1fkgsf] ;dfg'kflts ljt/0f k|0ffnL;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf
@)^( :jLs[t ePsf] 5 .

lj1fg tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw

11.25

/fli6o ;"rgf k|ljlw s]Gb| (NITC) dfkm{t ;/sf/L sfof{nosf]

Networking sf nflu Optical Fiber sf] Joj:yfkg ug{sf ;fy} IT
Equipment sf] Benchmarking ug]{ sfd ePsf] 5 . l;+xb/af/ k|j]z ug]{
cfuGt'sxsf] nflu cgnfOg cg'dlt lbg] k|0ffnLsf] :t/j[l4 ul/Psf] 5
eg] ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ k|bfg ul/g] ;]jfx Online dfkm{t k|bfg ug{ cfjZos
Application / System sf] ljsf; ul/Psf] 5 .

11.26

b]z leqsf k|ltefxnfO{ b]z leq} cWoog cg';Gwfgsf] cj;/ k|bfg ug]{
;Gbe{df !$ hgfnfO{ l/;r{ km]nf], 5 hgfnfO{ ;xfos l/;r{ km]nf] / Ps
hgfnfO{ ljBfjfl/lw k|bfg ug'{sf ;fy} Msc Desertification Central
Department of T.U. af6 dfu eP/ cfP adf]lhd @) hgf ljBfyL{nfO{
zf]wj[lQ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .

11.27

tf/fd08nsf]

cWoog

ug]{ sfo{sf ;fy} lj=;+= @)&) ;fnsf]

Astronomical Almanac tof/ ePsf] 5 . hgdfg;df j}1flgs r]tgfsf]
k|fb'ef{j ug{ (Scientific World) hg{n, j}1flgs hut klqsf / lj1fg
k|ljlw a'n]l6g k|sfzg ePsf] 5 . cGt/f{li6o cGt/LIf lj1fg tyf k|ljlw
;DaGwL !) lbj;Lo International School on Astronomy & Space
Science School sfo{s|d ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 .
175

11.28

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) Data Center sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg

e} l8lh6n x:tfIf/sf] z'ef/De ePsf] 5 eg] ljB'tLo sf/f]af/ lgodfjnL,

@)^$ sf] ;+zf]wg d:of}bf tof/ ePsf] 5 .
11.29

df}lns k|ljlw k|a4{g / lasf;sf nflu o; ;DaGwL Inventory tof/ ug]{

sfo{ eO/fv]sf] 5 . la1fg k|of]uzfnfsf] :t/Ls/0fsf] nflu ISO:17025
dfkb08 ;DaGwL cled'vLs/0f tfnLd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 eg] Science
Learning Center :yfkgfsf] nflu lzIff dGqfno / lzIff ljefu;Fu
5nkmn eO{ cawf/0ff tof/ kfg]{ sfd ePsf] 5 .

x'nfs If]q
11.30

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/sf] If]qdf ;a}eGbf k'/fgf], hg;fwf/0fn] cTolws k|of]u

ug]{ / ;'b"/ u|fdL0f If]q;Dd cfk\mgf] ;+:yfut ;~hfn lj:tf/ ePsf] ;]jf
x'nfs ;]jf xf] . x'nfs ;]jf ljefu / cGtu{tsf sfof{noxn] lr7\7Lkq,
k'lnGbf cf];f/k;f/sf cltl/Qm x'nfs l6s6 k|sfzg, x'nfs art a}+s
;~rfng, wgfb]z ;]jf, E-DV sf] kmf/fd eg]{ ;]jf, b|'t 8fFs ;]jf / Epost h:tf ljleGg ;]jfx k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . x'nfs ;]jf ljefu
cGtu{t 6]ln;]G6/ ;lxt sfof{noxsf] ;+Vof b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .
tflnsf !! -5_ M x'nfs ;]jf ljefu cGtu{tsf sfof{noxsf] ;+Vof
x'nfs ;]jf

lxdfnL

kxf8L

t/fO{

hDdf
5

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70

lhNnf x'nfs sfof{no

Onfsf x'nfs sfof{no

170

372

300

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cltl/Qm x'nfs sfof{no

492

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1041

3074
117

x'nfs art a}+s ;~rfng ug]{

x'nfs ;+Vof
wgfb]z ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ x'nfs
;+Vof
6]ln;]G6/ - cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) sf] kmfu'g
d;fGt;Dd_

79
401

;|f]tM ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno

176

11.31

cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& df x'nfs sfof{noxdf s'n !!@ j6f 6]ln;]G6/x

/x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dddf $)! j6f
k'u]sf] 5 .

b'/;~rf/ ;]jf
b"/;~rf/ ;]jfk|bfos tyf ;]jfk|of]Qmfxsf] ;+Vof j[l4 x'g'sf ;fy} gjLg,
cTofw'lgs k|ljlwo'Qm b"/;~rf/ ;]jfx pknAw x'g yfn]sf] sf/0fn] o;
If]qsf] ;]jfdf ;+VofTds tyf u'0ffTds j[l4 eO/x]sf] 5 . d'n'ssf ;a} ufpF
ljsf; ;ldltdf 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf k'u]sf] 5 . @)^( kmfu'g d;fGt;Dd hDdf
6]lnkmf]g u|fxs;+Vof ! s/f]8 (^ nfv !% xhf/ &^ k'uL 6]lnkmf]g 3gTj
&$ k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 eg] ;f]xL cjlw ;Dddf OG6/g]6 k|of]ustf{ u|fxssf]
;+Vof ^@ nfv &* xhf/ ( ;o #! k'uL OG6/g]6 3gTj @$ k|ltzt k'u]sf]
5.
tflnsf !! -h_ M ljut tLg cfly{s jif{xsf] t'ngfTds tYofLo ljlj/0f

11.32

;]jfsf] lsl;d

s'n 6]lnkmf]g ;+Vof

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!#!^#^$(

cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) sf]
kmfu'g
d;fGt;Dd
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jfo/n]; df]8]d
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177

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^(

o; cjlwdf ljleGg ;]jf k|bfosf/f ljtl/t s'n 6]lnkmf]g ;+Vof b]xfo

adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .
tflnsf !! -em_ M ;]jfk|bfos cg';f/ ljtl/t s'n 6]lnkmf]g ;+Vof

11.33

k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]

@)^(@)&)

j[l4
k|ltzt

8595771

1073635

14.27

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4479021

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28

5185

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0.5

Nepal Satellite
Telecom Pvt.

77238

146319

149708

3389

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91469

311227

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Company Limited

6326068

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United Telecom
Limited
Ncell Pvt. Ltd.
STM Telecom
Sanchar Pvt. Ltd.

5fkf ;~rf/ -;"rgf ;Dk|]if0f_

11.34

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno cGtu{t ;"rgf ljefu, uf]/vfkq ;+:yfg,

/fli6o ;dfrf/ ;ldlt -/f;;_ / k|]; sfplG;n g]kfnn] 5fkf
;~rf/dfWodaf6 ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0fsf] sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . uf]/vfkq ;+:yfgn]
gofF g]kfn lgdf{0f cleofg cGtu{t ljleGg #) j6f /fli6o efiffdf
;dfrf/ n]v /rgf cflb k|sfzg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

178

tflnsf !! -`_ M ;'rgf ljefuaf6 ;Dkflbt sfo{sf] t'nGffTds tYofLo l:Yflt

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lsl;d

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sf] e'QmfgL

;|f]tM ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno .

11.35

@)^( kmfu'g d;fGt;Dd ljleGg lhNnfxdf btf{ ePsf] kqklqsfxsf]

;+Vof ^ xhf/ % ;o () k'u]sf] 5 . @)^( kmfu'g d;fGt;Dddf ;fKtflxs
klqsfsf] btf{ ;+Vof cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] t'ngfdf !@=* k|ltztn]
j[l4 eO{ @ xhf/ $ ;o (& ePsf] b]lvG5 . To:t} jflif{s kdf k|sfzg
x'g] klqsfsf] btf{ ;+Vof cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df *# j6f /x]sf] dWo]
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) kmfu'g ;Dddf Pp6f klqsf cGo Category af6
k|sfzg eO{ jflif{s klqsf btf{ ;+Vof 36]/ *@ j6f x'g k'u]sf] 5 . efiffut
kdf k|sfzg x'g] klqsfsf] btf{ ;+Vof dWo] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df
g]jf/L efiffdf k|sflzt x'g] klqsfsf] ;+Vof $# j6f /x]sf]df b'O{ j6f
klqsfn] cGo efiffdf ;d]t Mix u/L klqsf k|sfzg ug{ nfu]sf]n] cfly{s
jif{ @)^(&) kmfu'g ;Dddf ;f] klqsfsf] btf{ ;+Vof 36\g uO{ $! j6f
k'u]sf] 5 .
179

tflnsf !! -6_ M ljleGg lhNnfxdf btf{ ePsf kqklqsfxsf] ljj/0f

lsl;d
b}lgs
cw{ ;fKtflxs
;fKtflxs
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dfl;s
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11.36

11.37

/fli6o ;dfrf/ ;ldlt -/f;;_ n] cfk\mgf] ;]jfnfO{ ljljlws/0f ug{ kmf]6f]

;]jf pknAw u/fpg'sf ;fy} Pkm=Pd=xnfO{ ;xof]u ug{ EjfO; lSnk
;]jf;d]tsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df g]kfn 6]lnlehgsf] /fli6o k|;f/0f kx'Fr
hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df &@ k|ltzt / ef}uf]lns If]qsf] cfwf/df %) k|ltzt
/x]sf] 5 . g]kfn 6]lnlehgsf] NTV Plus sf] k|;f/0f kx'Fr hg;+Vofsf]
cfwf/df $) k|ltzt / ef}uf]lns If]qsf] cfwf/df @% k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
To:t}, /]l8of] g]kfnaf6 k|;fl/t Pkm=Pd= sf] k|;f/0f kx'Fr hg;+Vofsf]
cfwf/df *^ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g d;fGt
;Dddf g]kfn 6]lnlehgsf] /fli6o k|;f/0f kx'Fr hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df &@
k|ltzt / ef}uf]lns If]qsf] cfwf/df %! k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . g]kfn
6]lnlehgsf] NTV Plus sf] k|;f/0f kx'Fr hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df ^!=%
k|ltzt / ef}uf]lns If]qsf] cfwf/df @% k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . To:t}, /]l8of]
g]kfnaf6 k|;fl/t Pkm=Pd= sf] k|;f/0f kx'Fr hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df **
k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
180

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efiff
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;~rf/ If]qdf pknAw cTofw'lgs k|ljlwsf] sf/0f x'nfs ;]jfdf kqsf]
cfbfgk|bfgdf sdL cfPkl5 x'nfs ;]jfsf] ljljlws/0fdf Wofg k'ofpg
;lsPsf] 5}g . b"/;~rf/ / rnlrq If]qdf ;+VofTds j[l4 eP tfklg
u'0ffTds j[l4 x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . /fli6o ;~rf/dfWodsf] kdf uf]/vfkq,
g]kfn 6]lnlehg / /]l8of] g]kfnn] /fli6o bfloTjsf] kdf ljleGg
efiffefifLsf] ;dfrf/ tyf sfo{qmdx k|sfzgk|zf/0f ug'{k/]sf] sf/0fn]
oL ;+:yfxsf] cfly{s bfloTj a9]sf] 5 t/ ;/sf/L sfo{qmd / lj1fkgdf
lghL Pkm=Pd=, 6]lnlehg tyf 5fkfdfWodxsf] ;d]t ;xeflutf ePsf]
sf/0fn] /fli6o k|;f/0f ;+:yfxn] k|lt:kwf{ ug'{kg]{ cj:yf 5 .
11.39 b]zsf] ljljwtfk"0f{ ef}uf]lns cjl:yltsf sf/0f /fli6o k|;f/0f /
Pg=l6=eL=Kn;sf] e";txL k|;f/0f lj:tf/ sfo{ r'gf}tLk"0f{ ag]sf] 5 .
11.40 lghL If]qdf v'n]sf 6]lnlehg Rofgnx;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ub}{ /fli6o k|;f/0fsf]
e"ldsf lgjf{x ub}{ cl3 a9\g' yk r'gf}tL /x]sf] 5 .
11.38

181

g]kfn 6]lnlehgsf] sfo{qmd pTkfbg, ;Dkfbg / k|;f/0fdf Analog

System nfO{ Digital System n] k|lt:yfkg ug'{kg]{ x'Fbf ;f] sf] nflu g]kfn
6]lnlehgn] cfGtl/s ;|f]taf6 Ps}rf]l6 Digital Switch Over ug]{ sfo{
r'gf}tLk"0f{ 5 .
11.42 k|ljlwsf] b|'tt/ ljsf;;Fu} ljBdfg gLlt, P]g lgoddf ;dofg's'n kl/dfh{g
ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf /x]sf] eP tfklg o; ;DaGwdf ck]Iffs[t ;'wf/ x'g
;s]sf] 5}g .
11.43 uf]/vfkq, d'b|0f ljefun] cfhsf] k|ljlw;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;Sg] cfw'lgs
k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug{ g;s]sf] sf/0f hL0f{ d]lzgsf] e/df 5kfO sfo{ ul//xg'
k/]sf 5 .
11.44 /]l8of] g]kfn, uf]/vfkq ;+:yfg, /f;;, g]kfn 6]lnlehg h:tf ;+:yfsf cf
cfk\mg} :6LGh/ ;dfrf/bftfx /x]sf]n] ltgLxnfO{ PsLs[t kdf sfo{
ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfO{ vr{ Go"gLs/0f ug'{ cfjZos ePsf] kl/k|]Iodf PsLs[t
kdf Joj:yfkg ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g .
11.41

182

!@= ;'zf;g, zflGt tyf

k'glg{df{0f

!@= ;'zf;g, zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f

12.1

12.2

12.3

12.4

lghfdtL ;]jfnfO{ :jR5, k|lt:kwL{, kf/bzL{, kl/0ffdd'vL / ;dfj]zL agfO{ hgtfsf]

cfjZostf / cfsf+Iffk|lt ;+j]bgzLn Pj+ cfgf] sfo{sf] lglDt pQ/bfoL, ;Ifd Pj+
;+3Lotf / ljs]Gb|Ls/0fsf cfwf/e't d'No dfGotfd'ns, cg'zfl;t / ljlw;Ddt
9+un] sfd ug]{, :ki6 sfo{ lhDd]jf/L ePsf] If]q agfpg] p2]Zo lnOPsf] 5 .
;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfxnfO{ :jR5, kf/bzL{ / k|efjsf/L agfpg] / ljB'tLo zf;g
k4lt tyf k|lqmofnfO{ qmdzM nfu' ub}{ hfg] gLlt / sfdsf cfwf/df b08 k'/:sf/
lbg], sd{rf/Lxsf] lgo'lQm, kb:yfkgf, ;jf, a9'jf tyf tna ;'ljwfnfO{
k"jf{g'dfgof]Uo, ljlw;Ddt / pTk|]/0ffsf cfwf/e"t dfGotf cg'k agfpg]
/0fgLltx /x]sf 5g\ . ;f] cg';f/ ljB'tLo zf;g ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf th'{df /
sfof{Gjog, lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] tflndsf] kf7\oqmddf ;dofg's'n ;'wf/,
k|zf;lgs ;+u7g / b/aGbLdf ;'wf/, lgo'lQm, kb:yfkgf, k"jf{g'dfgof]Uo ;jf,
a9'jf, k|lzIf0f tyf tna ;'ljwf, sfo{;Dkfbgdf cfwfl/t k|f]T;fxg k|0ffnL nfu'
ug]{ sfo{x ePsf 5g\ .
lghfdtL ;]jfdf ljljlws/0fsf] k|oTgnfO{ ;xh agfO{ nlIft ju{ Pj+ gLlt lgdf{0f
sfo{df d2t k'ofpg, lghfdtL ;]jfnfO{ ljljwtfo'Qm agfpg nfu' ePsf] ;dfj]zL
gLltaf6 nlIft ju{n] jf:tljs kdf nfe lng;Sg] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug{ ;3fpg
/ ljBdfg k|0ffnLsf] u'0ffTds / ;+VofTds ljZn]if0f ug{ ;fdfGo k|zf;g
dGqfnodf lghfdtL ;]jfdf ;dfj]zLs/0f ;xof]u s]Gb| :yfkgf ePsf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) ;Dddf lghfdtL tyf :jf:Yo ;]jfdf 16 xhf/ 7 ;o 11
hgf clws[t :t/, 41 xhf/ 6 ;o 96 hgf ;xfos :t/ / 21 xhf/ 82 hgf
>]0fLlaxLg u/L hDdf 79 xhf/ 4 ;o 89 hgf sd{rf/Lx sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\ .
gful/sd}qL zf;g :yfkgf ug{ k|ToIfkn] ;xefuL x'g] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lxsf]
1fg, ;Lk, Ifdtf / bIftf clej[l4 ug{ xfn !( j6f tflnd k|bfos ;+:yfx
sfo{/t 5g\ . oL ;+:yfxn] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df 13 xhf/ 2 ;o 92 hgf
tyf cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf 5 xhf/ 1 ;o 4 hgfnfO{
ljleGg ljifodf 5f]6f] tyf nfdf] cjlwsf tflndx k|bfg u/]sf 5g\ .
;'zf;g / sfg"gL /fHosf] cjwf/0ff cg';f/ sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg ljBdfg
P]g tyf lgoddf ;do ;fk]If ;'wf/ Pj+ kl/dfh{g ug{{ / ;dsfnLg
cfjZostfnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ gofF P]g tyf lgod th'{df ug'{kg]{ cfjZostfnfO{
dgg\ u/L sfg"g, Gofo, ;+ljwfg;ef tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf dGqfnoaf6 @$ j6f
ljleGg ljw]oscWofb]zsf] d:of}bfdf ;xdlt ;DaGwL sfo{x ! ;o @# j6f
lgod tyf #$ u7g cfb]zsf] d:of}bf tyf ;xdlt;DaGwL sfo{x ! ;o !( j6f
cGt/f{li6o sfg"gL /fo tyf ;lGw ;Demf}tfx ;DaGwL sfo{x, ljleGg @^ j6f
laifoxdf sfg"gL /fo k|bfg ug]{ ;DaGwL sfo{x / g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sfzg x'g]
183

# ;o ^! j6f ;"rgfx ;Dkfbg ug]{ sfo{x ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . o;af6 sfg"gL
k|lqmofdf ;/ntf, :ki6tf tyf kf/bzL{tf cfO{ sfg"gL /fHosf] cjwf/0ff cg';f/
sfo{;Dkfbgdf ;xhtf cfPsf] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .
glthfd"ns Joj:yfkg
12.5 ljsf; Joj:yfkgnfO{ glthfd"ns Pj+ k|efjsf/L agfpg ljsf; glthfsf nflu
Joj:yfkg -Managing for Development Results-MfDR) sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{
ljleGg txdf ;+:yfut ug]{ k|of; e}/x]sf] 5 . o; cjwf/0ffnfO{ ef}lts k"jf{wf/
tyf oftfoft dGqfno, lzIff dGqfno, ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf;
dGqfno, s[lif ljsf; dGqfno Pj+ pmhf{ dGqfno / cGt/utsf s]xL ljefuxdf
;d]t nfu" ul/Psf] 5 . o;qmddf tL lgsfoxsf] Jofj;flos of]hgf tof/ ePsf
5g\ . o;}u/L oxL cjwf/0ff cg'k tL lgsfoxdf glthfdf cfwfl/t ah]6
k|0ffnL (ResultBased Budget) nfO{ klg nfu" ug]{ k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf
cltl/Qm cfufdL cfly{s jif{ @)&)&! b]lv k|f/De x'g] t]x|f}+ cfjlws of]hgfsf
nflu lzIff, s[lif, :jf:Yo, jg, :yfgLo ljsf;, k"jf{wf/, vfg]kfgL pmhf{ / jftfj/0f
If]qxsf] glthfvfsf (Result Framework) tof/ ug]{ sfo{ k|f/De ePsf] 5 .
ah]6 k|lqmofnfO{ a9L j:t'k/s Pj+ cfalws of]hgf;Fu cGt/ ;DalGwt u/fpg]
p2]Zon] dWofjlw vr{ ;+/rgfnfO{ ljut jif{xsf] eGbf k[ys tl/sfn] th'{df ug{
nfluPsf] 5 . o; ;+/rgfnfO{ glthfd"ns agfpg sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgfxsf]
glthfnfO{ ljifo If]qut glthf;Fu cfa4 u/fpg] u/L ;f]sf] b:tfj]h tof/ e}/x]sf]
5.
12.7 sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgfxsf] sfof{Gjogdf hjfkmb]xLtf k|j4{g ug{ Pj+ ltgLxsf]
;kmntfsf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) b]lv /fli6o uf}/jsf
cfof]hgfxdf sfo{;Dkfbg s/f/ (Performance contract) sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{
cjnDaG ul/Psf] 5 . o;n] sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgfxsf] ;kmntf sf] :t/
clej[l4 ug]5
{ .
cg'udg k|0ffnL ;'wf/
12.6

12.8

;dli6ut kdf cg'udg k|0ffnLnfO{ glthfdf cfwfl/t agfpg ljut s]xL jif{b]lv
yflnPsf] k|of; hf/L 5 . cfjlws of]hgfn] /fv]sf p2]Zo tyf nIox xfl;n
ug{sf nflu ;DalGwt gLlt, sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgfxsf] cg'udgnfO{ glthfd"ns
agfpg h/L x'G5 . o; tYonfO{ dgg\ u/L glthf ;"rsxsf] kl/dfh{g tyf tL
;"rsxsf] dfkgsf nflu rflxg] ;"rgfsf >f]txnfO{ e/kbf]{ / Jojl:yt ug]{
k|of; :jk sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;"rsx (Performance indicators) ;lxtsf]
cg'udg vfsf (Monitoring Framework) sf] tof/L sfo{ o; cfly{s jif{df klg
ePsf] 5 .
184

12.9

12.10

sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgfxsf] cg'udgnfO{ ;/n, kf/bzL{ Pj+ Jojl:yt ug{sf nflu
xfn k|of]udf /x]sf cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg;DaGwL ljleGg lgb]{lzsf, sfo{ljlw tyf
kmf/fdxnfO{ kl/dfh{g ;d]t u/L Plss[t cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg lbUbz{gsf]
d:of}+bf tof/ ePsf] 5 . of] gofF lbUbz{g tof/ ubf{ dGqfno, ljefu nufotsf
s]Gb|Lo :t/sf lgsfox / ljsf;sf ;fem]bf/xsf] ;d]t k|ltlqmof tyf
;'emfjx lnO{Psf] lyof] . o;n] ;a} ;/sf/L lgsfoxaf6 x'g] cg'udg tyf
d"Nof+sgnfO{ j:t'k/s, e/kbf]{ / Jojl:yt agfpg] ck]Iff /flvPsf] 5 .
cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sgdf cfw'lgs ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] k|of]u clej[l4 ug{ o; cfly{s
jif{df cfof]hgfsf] cfwf/e"t tYof+s tyf l:ylt ljj/0f kmf/fdsf cfwf/df
;km\6j]o/ ljsf; u/L jflif{s k|ult j]e dfkm{t k7fpg ;lsg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
o;n] tYof+sxsf] ;+sng / ljZn]if0fdf ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] k|of]u a9fpg]5 .

cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf ljleGg ;/f]sf/jfnfx

(Stakeholders) Pj+ ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfsf] cg'e"lt tyf k[i7kf]if0fn] sfo{qmd
cfof]hgfxsf] ;kmn sfof{Gjogdf 7"nf] of]ubfg k'ofpg ;Sg] ePsf]n]
;xeflutfd"ns cg'udg Joj:yfnfO{ c+lusf/ ug'{sf ;fy} ;fdflhs hjfkmb]xLtf
k|j4{g ug{ ;fj{hlgs ;'gjfO{ tyf ;fdflhs n]vfk/LIf0fsf] Joj:yfnfO{ ;+:yfut
ug]{ u/L gofF lbUbz{gdf Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
12.12 cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg ;DaGwL sfo{ k|fljlws k|s[ltsf] ;d]t ePsfn] o;df sfd
ug]{ hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf ljsf; / ltgLxsf] ;]jf lg/Gt/tf dxTjk"0f{ x'g] ePklg
o;;DaGwL hgzlQmsf] lg/Gt/ ;jf e} /xg] u/]sf] 5 . o;}n] o; ;DaGwL sfo{
ug]{ sd{rf/LxnfO{ lg/Gt/ tflnd k|bfg u/L Ifdtf ljsf; ug]{ qmddf cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) df sl/j @ ;o %) hgfnfO{ glthfd"ns Joj:yfkg tyf cg'udg
d"Nof+sg;DaGwL tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
12.13 cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sgsf] ;jf]{Rr lgsfosf] kdf ;DdfggLo k|wfgdGqLsf]
cWoIftfdf /x]sf] /fli6o ljsf; ;d:of ;dfwfg ;ldltsf tLg j6f a}7sx a;L
s]xL gLltut ljifox / cfof]hgfn] sfof{Gjog qmddf ef]lu/x]sf ;d:ofx
;dfwfg ug{ ljleGg lg0f{ox lnPsf] 5 . o;}u/L dGqfno :t/sf ljsf; ;d:of
;dfwfg ;ldltxdf klg ;dod} k|ult ;dLIff / ;d:ofx ;dfwfg x'g] k|lqmofn]
yk ult kfPsf] 5 .
12.14 ;du| cg'udg k|0ffnLnfO{ ;'b[9 agfpg] k|of; :jk xfn hfkfg ;xof]u lgof]usf]
;xof]udf ;+rflnt Strengthening Monitoring & Evaluation System
(SMES) gfds cfof]hgf ;+rfngdf /x]sf]5 . o; cfof]hgf cGt/ut xfn s]Gb|df
;+l3o dfdnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno, ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoft Joj:yf
dGqfno, lzIff dGqfno, s[lif ljsf; dGqfno, jg tyf e" ;+/If0f dGqfnodf /
:yfgLo :t/df sfe|]knf~rf]s, bf]nvf, /fd]5fk, l;Gw'kfnrf]s tyf l;Gw'nL
lhNnfxdf cg'udg k|0ffnLnfO{ ;'b[9 ug]{ sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog e} /x]sf] 5 .
12.11

sfo{qmd

tyf

185

:yfgLo ;'zf;g
12.15

ljs]Gb|Ls/0f, lgIf]k0f Pj+ :yfgLo ljsf; ;DaGwL gLlt lgdf{0f / sfof{Gjog,

:yfgLo lgsfoaLr ;dGjo, b'u{d If]q / u|fdL0f ljsf; ;DaGwL gLlt of]hgf /
sfo{qmdsf] th'{df, cg'udg Pj+ d"Nofg, JolQmut 36gf btf{, ;fdflhs ;'/Iff,
;dfj]zL ljsf; / :yfgLo txsf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ;DaGwL gLlt / sfo{qmdnfO{
k|efjsf/L kn] ;Dkfbg ug{ &% lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, %* gu/kflnsf, # xhf/
( ;o !% ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt, :yfgLo k"jf{wf/ ljsf; tyf s[lif ;8s ljefu, #
j6f cfof]u, % j6f ;ldlt, @ j6f k|lti7fg / @^ j6f cfof]hgf Pj+ sfo{qmdx
cfcfgf] sfo{ If]qdf lqmofzLn /x]sf 5g\ . o;sf ;fy} s]Gb|Lo:t/df kf/blz{tf,
hjfkmb]lxtf, pQ/bfloTj Pj+ hg;xeflutf k|j4{g tyf u'gf;f] Joj:yfkgsf nflu
;'zf;g zfvf :yfkgf u/L sfo{ k|f/De ePsf] 5 .

12.16

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df :yfgLo lgsfosf] e"ldsf / ;fvnfO{ pRr kfb}{,

kf/blz{tf, hjfkmb]lxtf / hg;xeflutf clej[l4 ub}{, k|efjsf/L ;]jf k|jfxsf]
dfWodf/f :yfgLo :t/df hgtfnfO{ cfgf] glhssf] lhDd]jf/ / hjfkmb]xL
;/sf/sf] k|Tofe"lt lbg / ;du| :yfgLo lgsfodf ;'zf;g sfod ug{ k|ltj4tf
kq, @)^( hf/L u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] 5 . :yfgLo lgsfo >f]t kl/rfng
tyf Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlw, @)^(, zf;sLo tyf cfly{s ;'wf/sf] tTsflng
sfo{of]hgf, @)^( sfo{Gjogdf NofOPsf] 5 . oL Joj:yfxsf] cltl/Qm ufpF
ljsf; ;ldlt ;lrjxn] ;'/Iffsf] sf/0f b]vfO{ cfgf] sfo{:yndf ga;L lhNnf
;b/d'sfd jf ;'ud :yfgdf s]lGb|t eO{ a;]sf]df tf]lsPsf] ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt
sfof{nod} /xL sfd sfh ug{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ p2]Zon] k|lt ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt
dfl;s ?= ! xhf/ % ;o sf b/n] k|f]T;fxg eQf pknJw u/fpg yflnPsf] 5 .
:yfgLo lgsfof/f ;~rflnt sfo{qmdx glthfd"ns agfpg glthfd"ns
cg'udg ;"rsx :jLs[t u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofO{Psf] 5 . :yfgLo lgsfoxsf]
cg'udg tyf lg/LIf0f sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg lgoldt kdf cg'udg sfo{
e}/x]sf] 5 . To;} u/L 7]Ssfkf k|s[ofnfO{ Jojl:yt Pj+ dof{lbt agfpg &$ j6f
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt / !@ gu/kflnsfxdf E-bidding sf] k|s[of k|f/De ePsf]
5 . :yfgLo:t/df ul/aL cg'udg ;"rsxsf] dfkg u/L cfof]hgf/sfo{qmdsf]
sfof{Gjog, >f]tsf] pknJwtf / pkof]u, k|efjc;/sf] cg'udg ug{ &% j6}
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltxdf lhNnf ul/aL cg'udg tyf ljZn]if0f k|0ffnL DPMAS_ nfu" ul/Psf] 5 .

12.17

zflGt tyf k'glgdf{0f

12.18

d''n'sdf zflGt ;'Joj:yf / ;'/Iff sfod ug{' /fHosf] st{Jo /x]sf] ;Gbe{df zflGt
;'Joj:yf sfod /fVg u[x dGqfnoaf6 cfGtl/s ;'/Iff gLlt, OG6]lnh]G; kl/rfng
gLlt, ;z:q k|x/L kl/rfng lgb]{lzsf, ;fj{hlgs ;]jf tyf ;8s cj/f]w lgoGq0f
186

sfo{of]hgf, ckx/0f tyf uDeL/ k|s[ltsf ;+ul7t ck/fw lgoGq0f sfo{of]hgf,

pkTosfsf nflu ljz]if of]hgf, t/fO{ dw]z tyf k"jL{ / dWo klZrd kxf8sf]
;'/Iff sfo{ of]hgf, zflGt;'/Iffsf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu ;r]tgf cleofg cflbsf]
sfof{Gjog ePsf] 5 . zflGt;'/Iffsf] k|efjsfl/tf, b08xLgtfsf] cGTo /
dfgjclwsf/sf] /Iff ug]{ ljz]if ;'/Iff sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ePsf 5g\ . ;'zf;g
Joj:yf ug{ zf;sLo ;'wf/ tTsflns sfo{of]hgf, @)^( sfof{Gjog ePsf] 5 .
ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf nflu &% j6} lhNnfdf ljkb\ k"j{tof/L tyf k|ltsfo{ of]hgf
cg';f/ ljljw sfo{qmdx ;~rfng ePsf 5g\ . of}lgs tyf n}\lus cNk;+Vos
;d'bfosf JolQmxnfO{ gful/stf hf/L ug]{ ;DalGw lgb]{lzsf, @)^( hf/L ePsf]
5.
12.19 G Joj:yfkg u/L lbuf] zflGt :yfkgf, ljutsf] Gaf6 Iflt ePsf ef}lts
;+/rgfxsf] k'glg{df{0f, G kLl8t JolQmxnfO{ /fxt tyf k'g:yfkgf, lzlj/df
/x]sf n8fs'xsf] k'g:yfkg Pj+ Joj:yfkg tyf zflGt / ;xdltsf] jftfj/0f
l;h{gf ug]{ sfo{nfO{ k|efsf/L agfpg cfjZos kg]{ tTsfnLg, bL3{sfnLg gLlt,
/0fgLlt, of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdxsf] th'{df, sfof{Gjog / Joj:yfkg ug]{ sfo{
e}/x]sf] 5 . ;fy}] ljleGg kIfx;Fu zflGtjftf{ tyf ;xdlt, zflGt sf]if
Joj:yfkg Pj+ kl/rfng, afbL ;' Joj:yfkg, ;+o'Qm /fi6;+3 ;'/Iff kl/ifbaf6
kfl/t k|:tfj g+= !#@% / !*@) sf] sfof{Gjogsf] nflu /fli6o sfo{of]hgf
sfof{Gjog tyf ;z:q Gaf6 k|efljt afnaflnsfxsf] k'gM:yfkg Pj+
k'gMPsLs/0fsf nflu /fli6o sfo{of]hgf kfl/t tyf sfof{Gjog, :yfgLo txaf6}
zflGtnfO{ ;'b[9 ug{ :yfgLo zflGt ;ldltxsf] u7g / kl/rfng ug]{ h:tf
sfo{x klg e}/x]sf] 5 . o; cjlwdf &% lhNnfdf :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt u7g
ePsf 5g\ eg] #! gu/kflnsf Pj+ @ xhf/ ! ;o ^& ufpF ljsf; ;ldltdf zflGt
;ldlt u7g eO{ :yfgLo txaf6} zflGtnfO{ ;'b[9 ug]{ sfo{ ePsf 5g\ .
12.20 To:t} Gsf] qmddf d[To'j/0f u/]sf d[tssf xsbf/nfO{ tTsfnLg /fxt k|bfg ug{
G kLl8txnfO{ /f]huf/:j/f]huf/ ;]jf / dgf];fdflhs k/fdz{ ;]jf pknAw
u/fpg] p2]Zon] ljZj a}+ssf] cfly{s ;xof]udf zflGt k|lqmof ;xof]u cfof]hgf
;+rfngdf /x]sf] 5 . o; cfof]hgf cGtu{t cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( / @)^(&)
sf] kmfu'gd;fGt ;Dd qmdzM ?= $# s/f]8 %! nfv $# xhf/ / ?= # s/f]8 !#
nfv &# xhf/ vr{ eO{ b]xfo adf]lhd /fxt pknAw u/fOPsf] 5 . o; sfo{qmd
cGtu{t cflYf{s jif{ @)^*^( df ljleGg !@ lhNnfsf # xhf/ #) hgf G
k|efljt JolQmxnfO{ /f]huf/:j/f]huf/ ;]jf pknAw u/fOPsf] lyof] eg] rfn'
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g d;fGt ;Dddf ljleGg $@ lhNnfsf !! xhf/ &
;o $) hgf G k|efljt JolQmxnfO{ /f]huf/:j/f]huf/ ;]jf pknAw u/fpg]
qmddf ;]jf k|bfos 5gf]6 e} sfo{qmd z' ePsf] 5 .
187

12.21

12.22

12.23

12.24

12.25

k'glg{df{0f tyf k'g:yfkgf sfo{qmdsf] /fxt tyf k'g:yfkgf sfo{qmd cGtu{t

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= @ ca{ #$ s/f]8 %# nfv $ xhf/ vr{ ePsf] lyof]
eg] rfn'' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g ;Dd ?= #) s/f]8 !^ nfv %* xhf/
vr{ ePsf] 5 .
k'glg{df{0f tkm{ Gsf] ;dodf Ifltu|:t x'g k'u]sf ef}lts ;+/rgfxsf] ;+Vof
;fljsdf # xhf/ ^ ;o $& ePsf]df Gsf] ;dodf Ifltu|:t ePsf ;+/rgfxsf]
cnfjf pQm ;dodf pkof]u x'g g;s]sf / dd{t x'g g;s]sf sf/0fn] xfn
k'glg{df{0f ug'{kg]{ cj:yfdf k'u]sf ef}lts ;+/rgfx ;d]tsf]] ;+Vof sl/j ( xhf/
sf] xf/fxf/Ldf k'u]sf] 5 . oL ef}lts ;+/rgfx dWo] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df @
;o *! j6f lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df @ ;o
*$ j6f ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ;DkGg ug]{ nIo /x]sf]df kmfu'g d;fGt ;Dd !# j6f
;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . Gsf] ;dodf Ifltu|:t ePsf ef}lts ;+/rgfx dWo] @)^(
kmfu'g;Dddf hDdf @ xhf/ * ;o j6f lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
zflGt sf]ifaf6 lzlj/df /x]sf dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'xnfO{ e/0fkf]if0f, eQf
ljt/0f, cf}ifwf]krf/, lzlj/ kFx'r dfu{ lgdf{0f, dd{t, g]kfn k|x/Ltkm{ k|x/L
sfof{nox lgdf{0f, dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'xsf] /]vb]v, ;dfof]hg / k'gM:yfkgf
;DaGwL ljz]if ;ldltsf] ;lrjfno vr{, lgjf{rg cfof]uaf6 kmf]6f] ;lxtsf]
dtbftf gfdfjnL ;+sng, :yfgLo zflGt ;ldltsf] Ifdtf clej[l4, ;o'Qm /fi6
;+3 ;'/Iff kl/ifb\af6 kfl/t k|:tfj g+=!#@% / !*@) sf] sfof{Gjogsf] nflu
/fli6o sfo{of]hgf tyf ;z:q Gaf6 k|efljt afnaflnsfxsf] k'gM:yfkgf Pj+
k'gMPssL/0fsf nflu ljleGg sfo{qmdx ;+rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ .
zflGt sf]ifsf] nflu cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df bft[ lgsfoxaf6 ?= ! ca{ &@
s/f]8 *$ nfv @@ xhf/ / g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ?= ^^ s/f]8 @( nfv !* xhf/ u/L
hDdf ?= @ ca{ #( s/f]8 !# nfv $) xhf/ k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L rfn'
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g d;fGt ;Dddf bft[ lgsfoaf6 ?= ! ca{ #(
s/f]8 & nfv *) xhf/ / g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ?= !$ s/f]8 #$ nfv ^) xhf/ u/L
hDdf ?= ! ca{ %# s/f]8 $@ nfv $) xhf/ k|fKt ePsf] 5 . zflGt sf]if :yfkgf
ePb]lv xfn;Dd ljleGg bft[ lgsfoaf6 hDdf ?= ^ ca{ &) s/f]8 &! nfv ^*
xhf/ / g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ?= & ca{ ^* s/f]8 ^) nfv ($ xhf/ u/L hDdf ?=
!$ ca{ #( s/f]8 #@ nfv ^@ xhf/ k|fKt ePsf] 5 eg] @)^( kmfu'g ;Dddf
hDdf ?= !# ca{ %) s/f]8 *( nfv (( xhf/ ljleGg lgsfoxnfO{ lgsf;f
ePsf] 5 .
lzlj/ Joj:yfkgtkm{ :yfgLo:t/df /x]sf lzlj/ sfof{nox @)^( k'if ! ut]b]lv
vf/]h ePsf 5g\ eg] s]Gb|df /x]sf] lzlj/ Joj:yfkg s]Gb|Lo ;dGjostf{sf]
sfof{no @)^( df3 ! ut]b]lv vf/]h ePsf] 5 .
188

ljleGg lzlj/xdf /x]sf n8fs'xsf] b'O{ r/0fsf] k|df0fLs/0f kZrft\ sfod

/x]sf !& xhf/ %! n8fs'x dWo] ! xhf/ # ;o (% hgf g]kfnL ;]gfdf
;dfof]hgsf] qmddf tflnddf /x]sf 5g\ . ^ hgfn] k'gM:yfkgf /f]hL ljleGg
;Lkd"ns tflnd lnPsf 5g\ eg] c afFsL ;a} n8fs'xn] :j]lR5s cjsf;
lnPsf 5g\ .
12.27 cfly{s aif{ @)^*^( df ljleGg #! j6f ;d'xx;Fu jftf{ eO{ ljleGg ;xdlt
Pj+ ;Demf}tfx ePsf 5g\ . rfn' cfly{s aif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g;Dddf ( j6f
;d'xx;Fu jftf{ ePsf] 5 . xfn;Dd hDdf %$ j6f ;d'xx;Fu jftf{ eO{ ljleGg
;z:q ;d'xxn] hDdf ! ;o %! yfg xltof/ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ a'emfPsf 5g\ .
12.28 ;z:q Gsf] qmddf d[To'j/0f u/]sf JolQmsf] ;+Vof !& xhf/ * ;o #! hgf
b]lvPklg /fxt lng]sf] ;+Vof xfn;Dd hDdf !$ xhf/ ! ;o ^ hgf b]lvG5 .
sl/a # xhf/ & ;o @% hgfsf kl/jf/n] xfn;Dd klg /fxt lng gcfPsf]
;DaGwdf ljleGg !) j6f lhNnfdf k|df0fLs/0f -Tracing_ sfo{qmd ;+rfng ubf{
ljleGg sf/0fn] gfd bf]xf]/f] k/]sf] b]lvPsf]n] ;f] ;DaGwdf PsLg u/L d[To'
x'g]xsf] ljj/0f cBfjlws ug]{ sfd e}/x]sf] 5 .
tflnsf !@ -s_ M /fxt, cfly{s ;xfotf, k'glg{df{0f, k'g:yfkgf, ;]gf ;dfof]hg ;DaGwL
emns
12.26

sfo{qmd
s'n ;+Vof
d[tssf glhssf
!&,*#!
xsbf/nfO{ /fxt -?= !
nfv_
d[tssf glhssf
!$,*#!
xsbf/nfO{ /fxt -?= #
nfv_
;a{;fwf/0f d[tssf Psn
$,&))
dlxnfnfO{ /fxt -?= @%
xhf/_
a]kQfkfl/Psf JolQmsf
!,%!&
xsbf/nfO{ /fxt
a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf
!)))
Psn dlxnfnfO{ /fxt
-?= @% xhf/_
AolQmut ;Dklt Ifltsf]
!^,@))
/fxt
ce ckf ePsfnfO{
*,!(!
cfly{s ;xfotf
ckx/0fdf k/]sf JolQmnfO{
#,!$@
/fxt
hgcfGbf]ngsf 3fOt] -%)
#)
k|ltzt dfly_ dfl;s j[lt

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

s'n k|ult afFsL

!$,!)^ #,&@%

##@

@@%

!),@$(

@*

!),@&&

$,%%$

!!(@

!^%

$,$$(

@%!

!)%

!,#*!

#!

!,%!&

%))

!!!

^!!

#*(

*@%

#,#$@

#@!

*,#@!

&,*&(

!,&($

!,$@)

@,(^!

^,(^!

!,@#)

((*

!,@$$

())

#,!$@

@#

#)

#)

#)

189

sfo{qmd
s'n ;+Vof 2067/68 2068/69 2069/70* s'n k|ult afFsL
hgcfGbf]ng zlxb
@^
@^
@^
@^
@^

kfl/jfl/s j[lt
hgcfGbf]ngsf 3fOt]sf
@*
@^
@*
@*
@*

;GtfgnfO{ 5fqj[lt
zflGt ;Demf}tf kZrftsf

@%
#!
@
%*
36gfdf k/L d[To' x'g]sf
xsbf/nfO{ /fxt
cfdfafa' b'j} u'dfPsf 6'x'/f

!@!
#$*
%@@
%@@

afnaflnsfnfO{ cfly{s
;xfotf
%! k|ltzt eGbf al9

&#^
&#^
&#^
&#^

ce ePsfnfO{ cfly{s
;xfotf
cfGtl/s kdf lj:yflkt
&(,%%@

@%,))) %$,%%@
JolQmnfO{ cfly{s ;xfotf
Ifltu|:t ef}lts
()))
$*&
@*!
!#
@*))
^@))
;+/rgfxsf] k'glg{df{0f
/f]huf/:j/f]huf/ ;]jf

#)#)

#)#)

k|fKt u/]sf] AolQm

dfcf]afbL ;]gfsf k"j{
!&,)%!

!&,)%!#
n8fs'xsf] Aoa:yfkg
* k|yd cf7 dlxgf
# !#(% hgf -;dfof]hg_ ^ hgf -k'g:yfkgf_ !%,^%) hgf -:j]lR5s cjsf;_

;d:of tyf r'gf}tL

12.29

12.30

12.31

zflGt k|lqmofsf] dxTjk"0f{ sfo{sf] kdf /x]sf] n8fs'xsf] ;dfof]hgsf] sfo{

;DkGg ePtfklg Ifltu|:t ef}lts ;+/rgfxsf] pknAw ;Lldt >f]tsf] sf/0fn]
ubf{ ck]lIft kdf lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ cem} s]xL ;do nfUg] b]lvPsf] 5 .
zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqfno dftxt :yfgLo:t/df cfgf] lgsfo ge} c
dGqfno dftxtsf] lgsfodfkm{t sfo{x cufl8 a9fpg' kbf{ k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog
/ cg'udg d"Nof+sgdf klg s]xL sl7gfO{ kl//x]sf] 5 .
GkZrft\ ljleGg ljb]zL bft[ lgsfoxaf6 k|fKt ePsf] cfly{s ;xof]u zflGt
sf]if dfkm{t k|efjsf/L kdf pkof]u / zflGt k|lqmof ;'b[9 u/L lbuf] zflGt sfod
ug{ :yfgLo txdf g} dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng] p4]Zon] u7g ul/Psf :yfgLo zflGt
;ldltxnfO{ kof{Kt ;fwg >f]t pknAw u/fpg cfjZos b]lvPsf] 5 .

190

!#= ;fdflhs If]q

!#= ;fdflhs If]q

lzIff
13.1

lzIff xfl;n ug{ kfpg] ;a} gful/ssf] df}lns xsnfO{ g]kfndf ;+j}wflgs kdf
;'lglZrttf ul/Psf] 5 . ;g\ @)!% ;Dddf ;a}sf nflu lzIffsf lglb{i6 nIo tyf
;x;|fAbL ljsf; nIo k|fKt ug{ u'0f:t/Lo lzIffsf] cj;/ k|bfg u/L d'n'ssf]
cfly{s Pj+ ;fdflhs kfGt/0fdf of]ubfg ug{ ;Sg], ljZjJofkLs/0fsf] jt{dfg
o''udf cGt/f{li6o :t/df k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;Sg] / /fi6 lgdf{0fsf] bfloTjnfO{ axg ug{
;Sg] b]zeQm gful/s tof/ ug{'kg]{ cfjZostf /x]sf] 5 . u'0f:t/o'Qm lzIffdf
;a}sf] ;dtfd"ns kx'Fr lj:tf/ / lzIffdf ;Ifdtf clej[l ug]{ p2]Zon] k"j{ afn
ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf k"j{k|fylds lzIff, ljBfno lzIff, pRr lzIff, k|fljlws tyf
Joj;flos lzIff, cgf}krfl/s tyf hLjg ko{Gt lzIffsf sfo{qmdxsf] sfof{Gjog
tyf lzIffsf] ;du| Joj:yfkg, gLlt tyf sfo{qmd th'{df, sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog,
cg'udg;DaGwL sfo{x ljleGg lgsfo, :jfoQ ;+:yfx / ljZjljBfnodfkm{t\
;~rfng ul/Fb} cfPsf] 5 .

13.2

ljBfno lzIff / tT;DaGwL ;du| Joj:yfkgsf sfo{qmdxsf] sfof{Gjog lzIff

ljefudfkm{t\ % If]qLo lzIff lgb]{zgfnox, lhNnf:t/df &% lhNnf lzIff
sfof{nox / :yfgLo txdf lhNnf eGbf tNnf] OsfOsf kdf /x]sf ! xhf/ %#
;|f]t s]Gb|xaf6 x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . To:t}, lzIff If]qsf ljlzli6s[t sfo{x h:t}
kf7\oqmd tyf kf7\ok':ts ljsf;, ljBfno tyf z}lIfs Joj:yfkgdf ;+nUg
hgzlQm, ljBfno lzIffsf lzIfs Joj:yfkg, k/LIff tyf d"Nof\sg, cgf}krfl/s
lzIff, k|fljlws tyf Joj;flos lzIff, k|fljlws lzIff tyf Jofj;flos tflnd
clej[l4 kl/of]hgf, pRrdfWolds lzIff Joj:yfkg;DaGwL sfo{x ;Dkfbg x'Fb}
cfPsf 5g\ .
lzIff If]qdf ul/Psf] nufgL / o;nfO{ lbOPsf] k|fyldstfsf sf/0f ljut % jif{sf]
cjlwdf o; If]qdf dxTjk"0f{ pknlJwx xfl;n ePsf 5g\ . o; cjlwdf sIff !
sf] v'b egf{b/df !#=@ k|ltzt laGb'n] a[l4 ePsf] 5 eg] k|fylds / dfWolds
txsf] v'b egf{b/df qmdzM ^=@ k|ltzt laGb' / !@=$ k|ltzt laGb'n] a[l4 ePsf]
5 . To:t} cfwf/e"t tflnd k|fKt k|fylds / dfWolds txsf lzIfsxsf] ;+Vofdf
qmdzM @(=% / !^=& k|ltzt laGb'n] a[l4 ePsf] 5 . o; cjlwdf ;du| ;fIff/tf
b/ ^(=% k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . To:t} ljBfyL{ lzIfs cg'kft klg qmdzM 36\bf] qmddf
/x]sf] 5 . k|fylds txdf of] b/ $@M! /x]sf] 5 eg] dfWolds txdf #!M! /x]sf]
5.

13.3

191

tflnsf !# -s_ M z}lIfs ;"rsdf cfwfl/t pknlAwx -k|ltzt_

;"rsx

PsfO

cfly{s jif{

2064/65 2065/66 2066/67 2067/68 2068/69 2069/70*

!= sIff ! df egf{
k|ltzt
33.1
36.2
49.9
52.1
54.3 55.6
gofF k|j]z;lxt k"j{ afNofj:yfsf]
lzIff ljsf; cg'ej
147.7
144.0 142.4 140.7 137.7
s'n egf{b/ k|ltzt 141.0
81.0
86.4 89.0
90.7 91.2
v'b egf{b/ k|ltzt 78.0
@= s'n egf{b/ -;xh} b]lvg] egf{ b/_
k|ltzt
60.2
63.4
66.2
70.0
72.9 73.7
k"j{ afNofj:yf lzIff ljsf;k"j{
k|fylds
123.0
123.0 124.0 123.7 120.1
cfwf/e"t lzIff -!*_ k|ltzt 116.0
40.0
44.7
46.2
49.4 51.7
dfWolds lzIff k|ltzt 36.0
#= v'b egf{b/
91.9
93.7
94.5
95.1 95.3
k|fylds lzIff k|ltzt 89.1
73.0
83.2
86.0
86.6
87.5
cfwf/e"t lzIff k|ltzt 71.0
k|
l
tzt
20.0
21.0
23.9
27.1
30.6
32.4
dfWolds lzIff
$= cfjZos of]Uotf / tflnd k|fKt lzIfs
66.0
75.0
79.0
91.1
91.5
cfwf/e"t lzIff k|ltzt 62.0
k|
l
tzt
74.0
77.0
85.0 88.0
90.1
90.7
dfWolds lzIff
%= cfjZos k|df0fkq k|fKt lzIfs
91.0
92.0
94.0
96.9
cfwf/e"t lzIff k|ltzt 90.0
91.0
92.0
94.0
98.0
dfWolds lzIff k|ltzt 90.0
^= ljBfyL{ lzIfs cg'kft
-;fd'bflos ljBfnosf] :jLs[t lzIfs b/jGbL / /fxt lzIfs cg'bfgdf sfo{/t lzIfs ;\Vofsf
cfwf/df_
43:0
44:0 46:0
44:0
42:0
cfwf/e"t lzIff cg'kft 44:0
cg'
k
ft
42:0
39:0
34:0
35:0
36:0
31:0
dfWolds lzIff
&= bf]xf]ofpg] b/
28.3
26.5
22.6
21.3
19.9
sIff ! k|ltzt 29.5
11.0
sIff * k|ltzt 13.0
*= sf]x6{ (Chohort) tl/sfcg';f/ lg/Gt/tf b/
58.0
sIff % k|ltzt 54.0
41.0
sIff * k|ltzt 37.0
(= sf]Olkml;PG6 ckm Olkml;PG;L (Coefficient of Efficiency)
0.5
0.5
cfwf/e"t lzIff cg'kft
!)= l;sfO pknlAw
53.0
sIff % k|ltzt 50.0
k|
l
tzt
44.0
46.0
sIff *
!!= pQL0f{ b/
68.0
k|j]lzsf k|ltzt 62.0
25.0
pRr dfWolds k|ltzt 23.0
!@= ;fIf/tf b/
75.0
pd]/ ;d"x -!%@$_ k|ltzt 73.0

192

7.0

6.6

6.0

6.0

77.9

80.6

82.8

84.2

62.0

66.0

67.5

69.6

0.61

0.65

0.66

0.77

64.3

55.5

47.16

41.57

28.0

31.0

42.39

78.0

80.0

;"rsx

PsfO

pd]/ ;d"x -^ jif{ eGbf a9L_ k|ltzt

pd]/ ;d"x -!% jif{ eGbf a9L_ k|ltzt
cg'kft
!#= n}ls ;dtf ;"rs (GPI) sf]
cfwf/df ;fIf/tf -!% jif{ eGbf a9L_
* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .
;|f]tM lzIff dGqfno .

cfly{s jif{

2064/65 2065/66 2066/67 2067/68 2068/69 2069/70*

63.0
69.0
76
78.0
60.9
65.9

52.0
56.0
60
62.0
56.5
0:6

0:7

0:90

0:9

0:62

ljBfno Joj:yfkg
13.4

;/f]sf/jfnf ;d'bfoxsf] ;xeflutfdf ;fd'bflos ljBfnoxsf] Joj:yfkg tyf

;~rfngsf] clwsf/ :yfgLo ;d'bfodf lgIf]k0f ub}{ hfg] gLltcg'k cfly{s jif{
@)%(^) b]lv ljBfnosf] Joj:yfkg ;d'bfodf x:tfGt/0f ul/b} cfPsf] 5 . o;
gLlt cg'k cfly{s jif{ @)%(^) b]lv rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd
cf7 dlxgf;Ddsf] ePsf] k|ult b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] 5
tflnsf !# -v_ M ljBfnosf] Joj:yfkg ;d'bfodf x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] ljj/0f
cfly{s jif{
@)%(^)
@)^)^!
@)^!^@
@)^@^#
@)^#^$
@)^$^%
@)^%^%
@)^^^&
@)^&^*
@)^*)^(
@)^(&)*
hDdf

nIo -;+Vof_
!))
!)))
!%))
!^))
@)))
@%))
@%))
$)))
%$))
@%))
&%)

k|ult -;+Vof_
(#
()&
!)(@
@$!
($(
##)*
@)!&
!^$&
!!(%
%)&
$&#
12429

k|ltzt
(#=)
()=&
&@=*
!%=)^
$&=$%
!#@=#@
*)=^*
$!=!*
@)=!(
@)=@*
^#=!

* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .

;|f]tM lzIff dGqfno .
13.5

xfn;Dd d'n'se/sf !@ xhf/ $ ;o @( ljBfnox ;d'bfonfO{ x:tfGt/0f

ul/Psf] 5 . ;'sf jif{xdf pT;fxhgs kdf ePsf] x:tfGt/0f sfo{ kl5Nnf
jif{xdf cfOk'Ubf lgs} sd dfq ePsf] 5 . kl5Nnf @ cfly{s jif{xdf t nIosf]
@) k|ltzt ljBfnox dfq ;d'bfodf x:tfGt/0f ePsf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&)
df Joj:yfkg x:tfGt/0f ul/g] sfo{ nIfsf] t'ngfdf ^#=! k|ltzt k|ult /xg
uPsf] 5 . kl5Nnf jif{xdf ;d'bfon] o:tf ljBfno ;d'bfoaf6 ;~rfng ug{
clgR5f k|s6 x'g', :yflgo hgk|ltlglwx gx'g' / lzIfs ;Fu7gxsf] lj/f]w h:tf
sf/0fn] ljBfno x:tfGt/0fdf sdL cfPsf] b]lvG5 .
193

rf6{ !# -s_ ljBfno ;d'bfodf x:tfGt/0fsf] cj:yf

140.0
120.0

100.0
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0

132.3
93.0

90.7

80.7

72.8
47.5
15.6

63.1
41.1
20.2 20.1

k"j{ k|fylds lzIff tyf jfnljsf; sfo{qmd

13.6

afnaflnsfxsf] ;jf{\uL0f ljsf;, x]/rfx tyf ;fdflhsLs/0f ub}{ k|fylds

txsf] lzIffsf nflu tof/L ug]{ nIosf;fy sIff ! sf] egf{, k9fO lg/Gt/tf tyf
;Ifdtf clej[l ug]{ p2]Zon] #$ jif{ pd]/ ;d"xsf afnaflnsfxnfO nlIft
u/L k"j{k|fylds tyf k|f/lDes jfnljsf; sfo{qmdx ;~rfng ug]{ / ;d'bfo tyf
ljBfnodf cfwfl/t jfnljsf; s]Gb|x lj:tf/ ug]{ gLltcg'k cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dddf @( xhf/ % ;o #% cf]6f ;d'bfodf
cfwfl/t jfnljsf; s]Gb|x / lghL ljBfnoxdf ;~rfng ePsf $ xhf/ ^ ;o
#( ;d]t u/L s'n #$ xhf/ ! ;o &$ k"j{ k|fylds sIff tyf afnljsf;
sfo{qmdx ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ . z}lIfs ;q @)^*^( df sIff ! df egf{ x'g]
afnaflnsfdWo] afnljsf; s]Gb|sf] cg'ej lnPsfxsf] pkl:ylt ;+Vof %$=#
k|ltzt /x]sf]df o; z}lIfs ;qdf a[l4 eO{ %%=^ k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . k"j{k|fylds
lzIffdf #% jif{ ;d"x / s'n egf{ tyf pknlAwx cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& b]lv
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g d;fGt;Ddsf] ljj/0f b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .
tflnsf !# -u_ M k"j{k|fylds lzIffdf #$ jif{ ;d"x / s'n egf{ tyf pknlAw

cfly{s jif{

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194

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ljBfnodf cfwfl/t afnljsf; s]Gb|xsf cltl/Qm ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t afnljsf;

s]Gb|xn] ;d]t afnljsf;df pNn]Vo e"ldsf v]n]sf 5g\ . ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t
afnljsf; s]Gb|sf] ljut jif{xb]lvsf] k|ult ljj/0f b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] 5
tflnsf !# -3_ M ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t afnljsf; s]Gb|xsf] k|ult ljj/0f
afnaflnsfxsf] ;xh egf{
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5fqj[lQ sfo{qmd
lzIffsf ljleGg txdf ljBfyL{xsf] ;dtfd"ns kx'Fr lj:tf/, l6sfpb/df ;'wf/ /
cy{k"0f{ l;sfOsf] cj;/ lj:tf/ ug]{ p2]Zon] ljBfno lzIffsf ljleGg txdf
ljleGg 5fqj[lQx pknJw u/fOFb} cfPsf] 5 . of] sfo{qmd tf]lsPsf] dfkb08sf
cfwf/df ljBfnon] 5gf}6 u/L ;DalGwt ljBfyL{xnfO{ jflif{skdf pknJw
u/fpg] Joj:yfadf]lhd /sd ljlgof]lht eO{ ;DaGwLt lhNnf lzIff
sfof{nodfkm{t\ nlIft ;d"x;Dd lgsf;f x'g] u/]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^%)^^
b]lv @)^*^( ;Dd pknJw u/fOPsf] 5fqj[lQsf] ljj/0f lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5 M
tflnsf !# -_ M ljBfnosf 5fq5fqfxnfO{ pknAw 5fqj[lQ;DaGwL k|ult ljj/0f

13.8

-;+Vofdf_

5fqj[lQ
aflnsf 5fqj[lQ
ckf 5fqj[lQ -!*_
ckf 5fqj[lQ -(!)_
ljz]if nlIft ;d"xsf nflu 5fqj[lQ
-@@ hghfltx_
blnt 5fqj[lQ-!*_
blnt 5fqj[lQ-(!)_
;lxbsf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf nflu 5fqj[lQ
sDn/Lsf nflu Ifdtf ljsf; /

cfly{s jif{
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761939 1066799 2293744 2276479 1426986
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5fqjlQ
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5fqj[lQ
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5fqj[lQ
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5fqj[lQ
lxdfnL cfjfl;o ljBfno
5fqfjf;sf ljBfyL{sf nflu 5fqj[lQ
dfWolds lzIff 5fqj[lQ
nf]kf]Gd'v tyf clt l;dfGts[t
5fqj[lQ, d'St sd}of, xlnof, rjf
/ jfbLsf ;GttL ;d]t
pdflj txsf] lj1fg ljifo cWofkg
ug]{xsf nflu 5fqj[lQ

cfly{s jif{
@)^%^^ @)^^^& @)^&^* @)^*^( @)^(&)*
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758

3808

8097

1127

413

407

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400

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118

148

222

133

220

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;|f]t M lzIff ljefulzIff dGqfno .

z}lIfs hgzlQm s]Gb|

lzIff dGqfno / cGtu{tsf lgsfoxdf sfo{/t lzIff ;]jfsf sd{rf/Lxnufot
;a} txsf lzIfsxsf] Ifdtf ljsf; ug{] d'Vo lhDd]jf/L af]s]sf] s]Gb|Lo lgsfosf]
kdf z}lIfs hgzlQm ljsf; s]Gb| /x]sf] 5 . ljBfno If]q ;'wf/ of]hgfn] lgb{]z
u/]adf]lhd lzIf0f l;sfO ;DaGwL tTsflns ;d:of ;dfwfg / lg/Gt/ k]zfut
ljsf; ug{ ;Lk k|bfg ug]{ p2]Zon] x/]s % jif{df !)!) lbgsf :jtGq tLgcf]6f
df]8\o'nx u/L hDdf #) lbg a/fa/sf] lzIfssf] k]zfut ljsf; -l6lk8L_ df]8\o'n
;DkGg u/fpg] gLlt cjnDag ul/Psf] 5 . s]Gb| cGtu{t ;+rflnt sfo{qmdxsf]
k|ult ljj/0f b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .
tflnsf !# -r_ M z}lIfs hgzlQm s]Gb| cGtu{t ;~rflnt sfo{qmdxsf] k|ult ljj/0f

13.9

;+Vofdf

sfo{qmdx
l6lk8Lk|=c= g]t[Tj Ifdtf ljsf; tflndsf
nflu k|lzIf0f
/f=k=t[tLo / ltLo >]0fLsf clws[txsf nflu
;]jfsflng Ps dlxg] tflnd
k|fljlws ;xfos ! dlxg] Aoa:yfkg tflnd
196

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z}=tf=s]= / cu'jf;|f]t s]Gb|af6 dfWolds txsf]
lzIfssf] k]zfut df]8\o'n ;~rfng
k/Dk/fut ljBfno, u'Daf, db/;f, u's'n
lzIfssf nflu tflnd ;~rfng
z}=tf=s]= ;|f]ts]Gb|df lzIff ljefuf/f tf]lsPsf
ax'eflifs lzIfsxsf nflu tflnd ;~rfng
!) dlxg] ;]jfsflng lzIfs tflnd k'/f ug{
afFsL !=* k|ltzt lzIfssf nflu b"/lzIff
ljlwaf6 tflnd
gjlgo'Qm clws[t:tsf sd{rf/Lxsf nflu
PsxKt] ;]jf k|j]z tflnd
ax'sIff ljBfnodf cWofkg u/fpg] lzIfssf
nflu tflnd ;~rfng
;|f]tJolQmsf nflu !) lbg] ;]jfsfnLg
laz]if cfjZoQmf ePsf afnaflnsf nfO{
cWofkg u/fpg] ;|f]t lzIfssf nflu tflnd
lzIfsxsf nflu cfwf/e"t cfO=l;= l6 tflnd
;|f]tAolQm k|lzIfs
/f]i6/ljlgpk;lrjxsf nflu cgnfOg
ckmnfOg ljlwaf6 # dlxg] tflnd ;~rfng
zflGt, dfgj clwsf/ / gful/s lzIff tyf
afnd}qL l;sfO ;DaGwL Plss[t k|lzIfs
k|lzIf0f
k]zf Joj;fo / k|ljlw ;DaGwL k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f
k/LIf0fsf kdf /x]sf !)) j6f ljBfnosf
sIff ^ df cWofkg ug]{ lzIfsxnfO{ k];f
Joj;fo / k|ljlw ljifosf] !) lbg] tflnd
;~rfng
k|=c= g]t[Tj Ifdtf ljsf; ;DaGwL tflnd
lzIfssf] k]zfut ;+3;+;yfsf kbflwsf/Lx/sf
nflu g]t[Tj Ifdtf ljsf; tflnd
cfwf/e"t txsf lzIfssf nflu !) lbg]
;]jfsfnLg tflnd
v'nf dfWolds ljBfno ;~rfng cg'dlt k|bfg
dfWolds txsf lzIfsnfO{ !) lbg] ;]jfsflng
tflnd
;|f]t M z}lIfs hgzlQm ljsf; s]Gb|lzIff dGqfno .

197

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13.10

;fd'bflos ljBfnodf l/Qm :jLs[t lzIfs b/aGbLdf lzIfsxsf] :yfoL lgo'lQm

tyf j9'jfsf nflu l;kmfl/; ug{], lzIfs kbsf] pd]bjf/sf nflu cWofkg
cg'dltkq k|bfg ug{] / lzIfssf] ;]jf ;t{ / ;'ljwf ;DaGwL ljifodf g]kfn
;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfj lbg] sfo{ lzIfs ;]jf cfof]uaf6 x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . cfof]uaf6
cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df ! nfv @& xhf/ # ;o *$ hgfnfO{ cWofkg
cg'dltkq ljt/0f ul/Psf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*@)^( df ! nfv !& xhf/ ! ;o
&^ hgfnfO{ pQm cg'dltkq ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .

kf7\oqmd tyf kf7\ok':ts ljsf;

ljBfno txsf ;a} kf7\oqmd tyf kf7\ok':ts ljsf;, kl/dfh{g tyf cBfjlws
ug]{, z}lIfs u'0f:t/ clej[l ug{ kf7\oqmd, kf7\o;fdu|L tyf lzIf0f l;sfO{
lqmofsnfk k'g/fjnf]sg / kl/dfh{g u/L ;d;fdlos agfpg], kf7\oqmdsf] u'0f:t/
clej[l ug{ laifoj:t'sf] cflwsf/Lstf / pTkfbg sfo{nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ cfjZos
gLlt / sfo{qmd Nofpg], wfld{s k|s[ltsf -u's'n, u'Daf / db/;f_ h:tf lzIf0f
;+:yfxsf nflu cfjZos kf7\oqmd tyf kf7\ok':ts tof/L ug]{ u/fpg] /
dft[efiffsf kf7\ok':ts ljsf; Pj+ k|sfzg h:tf sfo{x o; s]Gb|af6 ;Dkfbg
x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ .

13.11

zxLb tyf G kLl8t ;Gtlt lzIff

13.12

ljutsf] Gbsfndf zxLb Pj+ j]kQf, 3fOt] / ckftf ePsf afnaflnsfxnfO{

ljBfno lzIff lbg] p2]Zon] zxLb k|lti7fg :yfkgf eO{ b]xfoadf]lhd cfjf;Lo
;'ljwf ;lxtsf] lzIff k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf !# -5_ M ljBfno tyf nfeflGjt ljBfyL{xsf] ljj/0f
;+Vofdf

ljBfno
zxLb
zxLb
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:d[lt
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cfjfl;o ljBfno, ;'g;/L

cfjfl;o ljBfno, lh/L bf]nvf
k|fylds cfjfl;o ljBfno, sf:sL
cfjfl;o ljBfno, dfgk'/ bf
cfjfl;o ljBfno, /fhk'/ 8f]6L
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198

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13.13

vfBfGg cefj / lzIffsf] kx'Fr clt Go"g b]lvPsf lhNnfxdf ljBfyL{ egf{b/df
j[l4 ug]{, b}lgs xflh/L k|ltztdf j[l4 ug]{, sIff 5f8\g] b/nfO{ 36fpg], ljBfyL{sf]
cWoog Ifdtfdf j[l4 ug]{, ljBfyL{sf] kf]if0f Pj+ :jf:Yo l:yltdf ;'wf/ Nofpg] /
5fqfxsf] egf{ k|ltztdf j[l4 ug]{ h:tf p2]Zo lnO{ o; sfo{qmd cGtt{t !&
lhNnfdf dfl;skdf pknAw x'g]ul/ b]xfoadf]lhdsf] ;]jf ;~rfng ePsf] 5 M
tflnsf !# -h_ M lzIffsf] nflu vfB sfo{qmdsf] ljj/0f

cfly{s jif{
@)^&^*
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sfo{qmd
lbjf vfhf sfo{qmd
5fqf pTk|]/0ff sfo{qmd
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lbjf vfhf sfo{qmd
5fqf pTk|]/0ff sfo{qmd
Dfft[ tyf lzz' :jf:Yo :ofxf/ sfo{qmd
lbjf vfhf sfo{qmd
5fqf pTk|]/0ff sfo{qmd
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nIo ?=
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13.14

lbjf vfhfsf nflu gub cg'bfg sfo{qmd cGtu{t s0ff{nL c~rnsf % lhNnfdf
)% sIffdf cWoog ug]{ ;a} ! nfv % xhf/ afnaflnsfnfO{ b}lgs ?= !% sf
b/n] / ;'g;/L, ;Kt/L, l;/xf, l;Gw'kfNrf]s, /;'jf, af/f, wflb, gjnk/f;L,
slknj:t', bf, alb{of, Ko"7fg / /f]Nkf u/L !$ lhNnfxdf tf]lsPsf] sf]6fsf
cfwf/df k|lt ljBfyL{ k|ltlbg ?= !@ sf b/n] x'g] /sd ljBfnodfkm{t\ ljt/0f
ul/Psf] 5 .

k|fljlws tyf Jofj;flos tflnd

13.15

;Lko'St bIf hgzlSt pTkfbgaf6 :j/f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ l;h{gf u/L /fli6o

cy{tGqdf 7f]; of]ubfg k'ofpg] p2]Zo /fvL s[lif, OlGhlgol/, :jf:Yo, ljsf;
tyf Joj:yfkgsf If]qdf kl/ifb\sf] cf\lus, ;fd'bflos ljBfno -Pg]S;_ /
;DaGwg lbPsf lghL lzIffnox Dffkm{t\ l8Knf]dfk|df0fkq, k|fljlws P;Pn;L
txsf z}lIfs sfo{qmdx ;~rfng ul/b} cfPsf] 5 . ;fy}, :yfgLo, /fli6o Pjd\
cGt/f{li6o >d ahf/sf] cfjZostf / dfucg'k Jofj;flos tflndtkm{
hLjgf]kof]uL ;Lkd"ns tyf /f]huf/d"ns 5f]6f] cjlwsf tflndx h:t}M u|fdL0f
kz':jf:Yo, df}/Lkfng, t/sf/L v]tL, kmnkm'n g;{/L, s'ls, a]ls, xfp; lslk,
ljh'nL h8fg, KnlDj, lgdf{0f Joj;fo, sDKo'6/, /]l8of], 6]lnlehg dd{t,
kmf]6f]u|fkmL, Jo'l6l;og cflb sfo{qmdx ;~rfng x'b} cfO/x]sf] 5 . o;cGtu{t
;~rflnt sfo{qmdxsf] k|ult ljj/0f o;k|sf/ /x]sf 5g\
199

tflnsf !# -em_ M k|fljlws tyf Jofj;flos tflnd sfo{qmdx

sfo{{qmd
lgoldt cWofkg
cf\+lustkm{
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cfly{s jif{
2067/68

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922
820
299
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922
820
1,700
1,200

1278
654
1,220
640
2,645
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7,840
5,406
11,122
4,725

9,245
7,051
12,138
6,252

10,040
654
11,910
5,087

18

12

878

821

340

13,241

3,825

1039

225

225

225

150

150

150

480

524

1124

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200

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13.16 /f]huf/

ahf/df dfu ePadf]lhd ;Lko'Qm bIf hgzlQmsf] tTsfn cfk"lt{ ug{

u'0f:t/Lo tflndsf] kx'Fr lj:tf/ ug{ / g]kfndf k|fljlws lzIff tyf Jofj;flos
tflnd sfo{qmdnfO{ ;'b[9 ug{ k'/\ofpg] p2]Zon] ljZj a}+ssf] cfly{s tyf k|fljlws
;xof]udf Jofj;flos lzIff tyf tflnd clej[l4 kl/of]hgf ;~rfng ePsf] 5 .
kl/of]hgfn] vf;u/L ;'ljwfljlxg o'jf ;d"x h:t}M ul/a, lk5l8Psf] If]qdf a;f]af;
ug]{ ;d'bfo, dlxnf, blnt, clt ;LdfGts[t hghflt / ckf+utf ePsf ;d"xsf &%
xhf/ hgf o'jfxnfO{ nlIft u/L ;dfj]zL tl/sfaf6 k|fljlws lzIff / Jofj;flos
tflndsf] kx'Fr j[l4 ug]{ s'/fdf kl/of]hgfsf sfo{qmdx s]lGb|t 5g\ . o;
sfo{qmdsf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( / cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf
pknlAwx b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf 5g\ M
tflnsf !# -`_ M Jofj;flos lzIff tyf tflnd clej[l4sf] ljj/0f
sfo{qmd
PsfO{
cfly{s jif{
@)^*
@)^*^(
Skill Test Assessors tflnd
hgf
!)%)
@@%
Skill Test Manager tflnd
hgf
&@
%!
d'Vo k|lzIfs tflnd
hgf
$)
$)
k|lzIfs tyf ;xfos k|lzIfs tflnd
hgf
@))
@)@
l8Knf]df tyf k|fljlws P;\=Pn\=;L= cWoog ug]{ hgf
()$
()*
ljBfyL{sf nflu 5fqj[lQ
* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .
;|f]t M lzIff dGqfno .
201

13.17

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf ljleGg !* lhNnfdf ^* j6f
tflnd k|bfos ;+:yfdfkm{t & xhf/ # ;o ^) hgfnfO{ # ;o () 306] glthfdf
cfwfl/t 5f]6f] cjlwsf] tflnd ;~rfng, sf7df8f}+ pkTosfsf # j6f lhNnfxdf
! xhf/ hgfnfO{ ef}r/df cfwfl/t 5f]6f] cjlwsf] tflnd ;~rfng ug{ k|lzIffyL{
5gf}6 u/L ljleGg @% j6f ;+:yfxdf tflndsf nflu k7fOPsf] lyof] eg] ^ xhf/
hgfsf nflu cgf}krfl/s kdf k|fKt ;Lksf] k|dfl0fs/0fsf nflu ;"rgf k|sflzt
ePsf] 5 .

cgf}krfl/s lzIff tyf v'nf ljBfno

13.18 lzIffsf

cj;/af6 al~rt eO{ lg/If/ /x]sf k|f}9xnfO{ cfwf/e"t ;fIf/tf,

;fIf/f]Q/ tyf lg/Gt/ lzIffsf] cj;/ pknAw u/fO{ ;a}sf l;sfO cfjZostf
kl/k"lt{sf] ;'lglZrttf ug]{ / ljBfno aflx/ /x]sf ljBfno pd]/ ;d"xsf lszf]/
lszf]/LxnfO{ ljBfno ;dsIftfsf j}slNks lzIff dfkm{t lzIffdf d"nk|jfxLs/0f
ug]{ /fli6o lzIff gLlt cg'k cfwf/e"t ;fIf/tf, ;fIf/f]Q/ / j}slNks lzIffsf
gLlt th'{df, sfo{qmd ljsf; / lj:tf/, sfof{Gjog Pjd\ cg'udg, cgf}krfl/s
lzIffsf kf7\oqmd tyf kf7\o;fdu|L ljsf; tyf pTkfbg, cgf}krfl/s If]qdf
sfo{/t hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf ljsf;;DaGwL sfo{ cgf}krfl/s lzIff s]Gb|n] ub{} cfPsf]
5 . o;sf cltl/St 7"nf] lx:;fdf /x]sf lg/If/ k|f}9xnfO{ nlIft u/L /fli6o
;fIf/tf cleofg tyf rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) b]lv ;fIf/ g]kfn cleofgsf]
kdf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ;fd'bflos l;sfOnfO{ k|j4{g ug]{
p2]Zon] ;fd'bflos cWoog s]Gb| / lk5l8Psf ;d'bfosf ljkGg dlxnfxnfO{
;d"xdf cfj4 u/fO{ :yfgLo Joj;fod'vL cfocfh{g sfo{qmdx klg ;~rfng xF'b}
cfPsf 5g . o; cGtu{t ;+rflnt sfo{qmdxsf] ljj/0f lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5
tflnsf !# -6_ M cgf}krfl/s lzIff cGtu{t ;~rflnt sfo{qmdxsf] ljj/0f
sfo{qmd
PsfO{
cfly{s jif{
@)^*^(
@)^(&)*
;fIf/tf sIff
sIff

;~rfng
eO/x]sf]
;xefuL
&,^(,#^&
;+Vof
;Lk tflnd
sIff
@,#%@

;xefuL
^*,&&)
;+Vof
k|f}9 ;fIf/f]Q/
sIff
#,)))
;~rfng
eO/x]sf]
;xefuL
^),)))
;+Vof
dlxnf lzIff bf]>f]
sIff
#,)))

;xefuL
^),)))
202

sfo{qmd

PsfO{

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^(
@)^(&)*

;+Vof
sIff
sIff
ljBfno
;d'x
;+Vof

@$*
%@^
#&
%,)%)
$%,$%)

art tyf C0f tflnd

hgf

!),!))

;fd'bflos cWoog s]Gb| :yfkgf

cgf}krfl/s lzIff :yfkgf /
cgf}krfl/s lzIff zfvf k|d'vxsf]
cled'vLs/0f
sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog cled'vLs/0f

s]Gb|
If]q
hgf

*#

@$*
%@^
#&
%,)%)
;~rfng
eO/x]sf]
;~rfng
eO/x]sf]

%
*)

If]q
hgf
If]q

%
%@^
#
@^$

%
!^)

%@^

%
*)

k|fylds lzIff lj:tf/ sfo{qmd

cgf}krfl/s k|fylds lzIff
v'nf ljBfno lg=df=la=
cfocfh{g ;d'x
ljifout tflnd

;dLIff tyf k[i7kf]if0f

cgf}krfl/s k|fylds lzIff
s[lif, kz' :jf:Yo tyf hg:jf:Yodf #%
lbg] u|fdL0f sfo{stf{ tflnd
cgf}krfl/s lzIff :yfkgf /
cgf}krfl/s lzIff zfvf k|d'vxsf]
cled'vLs/0f

lhNnf
hgf
If]q
hgf

* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .

;|f]t M cgf}krfl/s lzIff s]Gb|lzIff dGqfno .
13.19 cfly{s

jif{ @)^*^( df t]x|y'd, ;f]n'v'Da', /;'jf, dgf, d':tf, DofUbL, x'Dnf,

8f]Nkf / d'u' u/L ( lhNnfdf / cGo lhNnfsf # ;o $$ ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt /
gu/kflnsfsf !* j6f j8fxdf lg/If/tf pGd'ng ug]{ u/L ;fIf/tf sfo{qmd
;~rfng ul/Psf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df tfKn]h', kfFry/, ;+v'jf;ef, ef]hk'/
cf]vn9'\uf, nlntk'/, eQmk'/, ndh', sf:sL, kj{t, kfNkf, h'Dnf, 88]nw'/f /
bfr'{nf u/L !# lhNnfxdf lg/If/tf pGd'ng ug]{ u/L sfo{qmdx Tfo u/L
sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf 5g\ . pQm !# lhNnf afx]s k|To]s lhNnfxsf lglZrt ufpF
ljsf; ;ldltgu/ kflnsfnfO{ o; jif{ k"0f{ ;fIf/ agfpg] u/L sfo{qmd ;~rfng
eO/x]sf] 5 . h;af6 cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] cGt;Dddf !! nfv % xhf/ ^#
hgf k|f}9 lg/If/ ;fIf/ x'g] cg'dfg 5 .
203

13.20 ljBfno

lzIffnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg g;s]sf ju{nfO{ nlIft u/L lj=;+= @)^$ b]lv
sIff ^* / sIff (!) sf] v'nf ljBfno ;~rfngdf NofOPsf 5g\ . cgf}krfl/s
lzIff s]Gb|sf] Joj:yfkgdf sIff ^* sf] lgDg dfWolds ljBfno txdf # jif{L{o
kf7\oqmdnfO{ @ jif{df k"/f ug{] u/L ;+Zn]if0f u/L sf];{ tof/ u/L lgDg dfWolds
ljBfno ;~rfngdf NofOPsf] 5 . z}lIfs ;q @)^( ;Dddf #& j6f v'nf
lgDgdfWolds ljBfno ;~rfngdf /x]sf] 5 . z}lIfs hgzlQm ljsf; s]Gb|sf]
Joj:yfkgdf cf}krfl/s dfWolds lzIff xfl;n ug{ g;s]sf ju{nfO{ nlIft u/L
sIff (!) sf] lzIffnfO{ Ps jif{df k"/f x'g] u/L v'nf dfWolds ljBfno sfo{qmd
;d]t ;~rflnt 5 . z}lIfs ;q @)^( df o; sfo{qmd cGtu{t &% lhNnfdf *$
cf]6f v'nf dfWolds ljBfnox ;~rflnt 5g\ . ljBfnoxdf cWoog u/L @)^*
;fnsf] k|j]lzsf k/LIffdf & xhf/ ! ;o &$ hgf ;xefuL ePsf]df # xhf/ ^(
hgf ljBfyL{x pQL0f{ -$@=&& k|ltzt_ ePsf lyP .

ljBfno, ljBfyL{ / lzIfsxsf] ljj/0f tyf cg'kft

13.21 z}lIfs

;q @)^( df g]kfndf k|fylds txdf ;~rfng ePsf #$ xhf/ @ ;o (*

ljBfnoxdWo] ef}uf]lns If]qcg';f/ lxdfn, kxf8, sf7df8f} pkTosf / t/fO{df
qmdzM !@=!& k|ltzt, %)=&* k|ltzt, ^=)^ k|ltzt / #!=)) k|ltzt,
lgDgdfWolds txtkm{ !$ xhf/ $ ;o $& dWo] lxdfn, kxf8, sf7df8f} pkTosf /
t/fO{df qmdzM !)=(# k|ltzt, $%=$* k|ltzt, !!=^! k|ltzt / #!=(( k|ltzt
/x]sf] 5 eg] dfWolds txtkm{ * xhf/ $ ;o !^ dWo] lxdfn, kxf8, sf7df8f}
pkTosf / t/fO{df qmdzM (=#) k|ltzt, $#=^& k|ltzt, !%=&$ k|ltzt / #!=@(
k|ltzt ljBfnox /x]sf 5g\ .
tflnsf !# -7_ M ef}uf]lns If]qcg';f/ ljleGg txsf ljBfnoxsf] ljj/0f

ef}uf]lns If]q

s'n
ljBfno
-PsfO_

k|fylds

lgDg
cfwf/e"t
dfWolds
pRr
dfWolds
tx
dfWolds tx
tx
tx
tx
-sIff !*_
-sIff !%_ -sIff ^*_
-sIff !!!@_
-sIff (!)_

pRr
dfWolds
tx
-sIff (
!@_

g]kfn

34,782

34,298

14,447

34,484

8,416

3,596

8,711

lxdfn

4,210

4,173

1,579

4,203

783

318

790

kxf8

17,556

17,418

6,570

17,504

3,675

1,575

3,726

sf7df8f}
pkTosf

2,213

2,077

1,677

2,092

1325

438

1444

t/fO{

10,803

10,630

4,621

10,685

2,633

1265

2,751

;|f]t M lzIff dGqfno .

204

13.22 d'n'se/sf

dfWolds ljBfnoxsf] ;+Vof * xhf/ $ ;o !^ /x]sf]df lxdfndf &

;o *#, kxf8df # xhf/ ^ ;o &%, t/fO{df @ xhf/ ^ ;o ## /x]sf] 5 . h;dWo]
sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf dfq pQm ljBfnoxsf] ;+Vof ! xhf/ # ;o @% /x]sf] 5 .
rf6{ !# -v_ ef}u f]lns If]q cg';f/sf] cfwf/e"t txsf ljBfno ljj/0f -z}lIfs ;q @)^(_
40,000

35,000

30,000

ljBfno tx ;+V of

25,000

g]kfn
lxdfn

20,000

kxf8
15,000

sf7df8f} pkTosf
t/fO{

10,000

5,000

s'n ljBfno

k|fylds

lgDg dfWolds cfwf/e"t tx

tx

dfWolds

pRr dfWolds pRr dfWolds

tx
tx

ljBfno tx

d'n'se/ ;~rflnt k|fylds tx sIff !%, lgDg dfWolds tx sIff ^* /

dfWolds tx sIff (!) sf] ljBfno, ljBfyL{ / lzIfs cg'kft b]xfo adflhd
/x]sf] 5 M
tflnsf !# -8_ M z}lIfs ;q @)^( df txut ljBfno, ljBfyL{ / lzIfs cg'kft

13.23

cg'kft

k|fylds lgDgdfWolds cfwf/e"t dfWolds dfWolds

sIff -!%_ sIff -^*_ sIff -!*_ sIff -(!)_ sIff -(!@_

ljBfyL{ljBfno
lzIfsljBfno
ljBfyL{lzIfs

133:1

126:1

186:1

104:1

145:1

4.7:1

3.3:1

5.9:1

6.4:1

7.0:1

38:1

60:1

42:1

31:1

23:1

;|f]t M lzIff dGqfno .

13.24

To:t}, lghL;/sf/L / ;/sf/L -;fd'bflos ;a} ljBfno_ sf] z}lIfs ;q @)^( sf]
k|lt lzIfs ljBfyL{ cg'kft ljsf; If]qcg';f/ b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] 5

205

tflnsf !# -9_ M k|lt lzIfs ljBfyL{ cg'kft

If]q

k|lt ljBfyL{ lzIfs cg'kft

lghL;/sf/Lsf] hDdf
;/sf/L dfq
-;fd'bflos ljBfno ;j}sf]_
k|fylds lgDgdfWolds dfWolds k|fylds lgDgdfWolds dfWolds

g]kfn

256

362

237

294

436

314

k"jf{~rn If]q

241

384

272

267

429

324

lxdfn

208

300

217

221

313

226

Kfxf8

193

341

279

200

353

298

t/fO{

290

441

278

359

564

381

dWodf~rn

300

323

195

361

450

302

lxdfn

197

348

253

205

370

272

kxf8

195

329

210

222

386

286

t/fO{

564

619

385

617

765

459

pkTosf

174

179

114

149

182

159

klZrdf~rn

177

305

197

201

355

251

lxdfn

40

70

50

36

71

49

kxf8

148

286

193

157

316

232

t/fO{

254

350

207

336

477

318

dWoklZrdf~rn

317

522

367

341

572

419

lxdfn

255

423

282

268

437

283

kxf8

348

558

435

373

587

452

t/fO{

300

509

326

326

608

440

;'b'/klZrdf~rn

272

402

351

306

416

356

lxdfn

221

297

239

235

304

241

kxf8

259

344

267

285

352

276

600

569

415

604

586

t/fO{

332
;|f]tM lzIff dGqfno .

206

13.25

d'n'sleq ;~rfngdf /x]sf ;/sf/L, ;fd'bflos / lghL:t/sf ljBfnoxsf]

If]qut ljj/0f b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] 5
tflnsf !# -0f_ M ljleGg k|sf/sf ljBfnoxsf] If]qut ljj/0f
;fd'bflos:t/df
;~rflnt

;/sf/L:t/df ;~rflnt
ljsf; If]q

k|fylds
tx

lgDg
lgDg
dfWolds k|fylds
dfWolds k|fylds lgDg dfWolds dfWolds
dfWolds
dfWolds
tx
tx
tx
tx
tx
tx
tx
tx

5466

1495

767

875

877

471

1020

602

391

6664

1965

1025

1292

915

568

2121

1695

1360

5867

1567

956

530

718

395

1153

824

567

3775

943

471

1108

851

385

467

251

164

2662

827

385

867

692

382

431

225

129

24434

6797

3604

4672

4053

2201

5192

3597

2611

k"jf{~rn If]q
dWodf~rn
klZrdf~rn
dWoklZrdf~rn
;'b'/klZrdf~rn
hDdf

lghL:t/df ;~rflnt

;|f]t M lzIff ljefu lzIff dGqfno .

13.26

ljsf;If]q cg';f/ ljBfnosf] ;+Vof dWodf~rndf ;a}eGbf a9L /x]sf 5g\ .

;fd'bflos:t/df ;~rflnt k|fylds ljBfnoxdWo] klZrdf~rndf eGbf
;"b'/klZrdf~rndf a9L 5g\ .

k/Dk/fut ljBfno
13.27

z}lIfs ;q @)^( df d'n'se/ k/Dk/fut cf>du's'n, u'Daf, ljxf/ /

db/;ftkm{sf k|fylds txsf * ;o ^, lgDg dfWolds txsf $! cfwf/e"t txsf
* ;o !* / dfWoflds txsf !% ljBfnox ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ . ;f] sf]
ljj/0f b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] 5
tflnsf !# -t_ M k/Dk/fut ljBfnoxsf] ljj/0f
;+Vofdf

k/Dk/fut ljBfno

ljBfno PsfO
k|fylds

db/;f
u'Daf / ljxf/
cf>d / u'?s'n
hDdf

txut ljBfno
lgDg dfWolds dfWoflds

cfwf/e"t

689

688

21

689

74

72

74

55

46

15

55

818

806

41

15

818

;|f]t M lzIff dGqfno .

207

lzIfs ljj/0f
;fd'bflos / ;+:yfut ljBfnodf sfo{/t lzIfsdWo] ;fd'bflostkm{ dlxnf
lzIfssf] ;+Vof ! nfv ## xhf/ #$ / k'if # nfv !# xhf/ @ ;o !@ u/L $
nfv $^ xhf/ @ ;o $^ /x]sf 5g\ eg] ;+:yfuttkm{ dlxnf lzIfssf] ;+Vof ^(
xhf/ &) / k'if lzIfssf] ;+Vof *( xhf/ $ ;o &* u/L hDdf ! nfv %*
xhf/ % ;o $* hgf lzIfs sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\ . sfo{/t ;a} lsl;dsf
lzIfsxsf] ljj/0f tnsf] tflnsfxdf k|:t't ul/Psf 5
tflnsf !# -y_ M ;fd'bflos / ;+:yfut ljBfnodf sfo{/t ;a} lsl;dsf lzIfs ljj/0f

13.28

tx

;fd'bflos ljBfno

k|fylds tx
-!%_
lg=df= tx
-^*_

;+:yfut ljBfno

dlxnf

k'?if

hDdf

49980

82399

132379 24189

7248

28020

35268

dlxnf

6561

57228 110419 167647 30750

cfwf/e't
-!*_

s'n

k'?if

hDdf

dlxnf

k'?if

21966

46155

74169 104365 178534

8560

15121

13809

30526

61276

87978 140945 228923

36580

hDdf

50389

dfWoflds tx
-(!)_

6426

30622

37048

3254

10829

14083

9680

41451

51131

pRr dfWoflds
tx -!!!@_

2863

15565

18428

531

3384

3915

3394

18949

22343

9,289

46187

55476

3785

14213

17998

13074

60400

73474

s'n 133034 313212

;|f]tM lzIff dGqfno .

446246

dfWoflds tx
-(!@_

13.29

69070 89478 158548 202104 402690 604794

cfwf/e"t txsf lzIfsxdWo] ;+:yfut ljBfnoxdf k'ifeGbf dlxnf lzIfs

a9L /x]sf 5g\ . ;fd'bflos ljBfnoxdf Ps ltxfO{ dfq dlxnf lzIfs /x]sf]df
;+:yfut ljBfnodf $) k|ltzteGbf a9L dlxnf lzIfs /x]sf 5g\ .

208

rf6{ !# -u_ M ;fd'bflos / ;+: yfut ljBfnodf sfo{/t lzIfs ljj/0f

160,000

140,000

120,000

lzIfs ;+V of

100,000

-!%_
-^*_
-!*_
-(!)_
-!!!@_
-(!@_

80,000

60,000

40,000

20,000

13.30

;a}k|sf/sf ljBfnoxdf lzIf0f k]zfdf ;+nUg dlxnf lzIfssf] cj:yf x]bf{ cem}
lgs} ;'wf/ ug{'kg{] cj:yf b]lvG5 . t'ngfTds kdf x]bf{ k|fylds txdf s]xL
;'wf/ b]lvG5 . o; txdf n}ls ;dtf ;"rsf )=&! /x]sf] b]lvG5 eg] lg=df=lj=
/ df=lj=df of] ;"rs qmdzM )=#* / )=^@ /x]sf] 5 . t/ ;+:yfut ljBfnodf
dlxnf lzIfssf] ;xeflutf /fd|f] /x]sf] tYof\sn] b]vfPsf] 5 .
tflnsf !# -b_ M ljBfnout / txut lzIfsxsf] n}+lus ljj/0f

ljBfnosf] lsl;d

;a} k|sf/sf ljBfnodf

sfo{/t s'n lzIfs ;+Vofdf
n}ls ;dtf ;'rsf
;+:yfut ljBfnodf sfo{/t
s'n lzIfs ;+Vofdf n}ls
;dtf ;'rsf
;fd'bflos ljBfnodf sfo{/t
;a} lsl;dsf hDdf lzIfs
;+Vofdf n}ls ;dtf
;'rsf
;fd'bflos ljBfnodf sfo{/t
:jLs[t b/aGbLdf sfo{/t
lzIfs ;+Vofdf n}ls ;dtf
;'rsf

k|fylds -!%_
lgDgdfWolds
dlxnf k'if n}ls dlxnf k'if
k|ltzt k|ltzt ;dtf k|ltzt k|ltzt
;'rsf
41.5

58.5

0.71

27.4 72.6

52.4

47.6

1.10

37.8

62.2

37.9

62.1

-^*_
cfwf/e"t -!*_
n}ls dlxnf k'if n}ls
;dtf k|ltzt k|ltzt ;dtf
;'rsf
;'rsf
0.38

38.4

61.6

0.62

43.4 56.6

0.77

50.2 49.8

1.01

0.61

20.6 79.4

0.26

34.1 65.9

0.52

0.61

20.1 79.9

0.25

34.3

0.52

;|f]tM lzIff dGqfno .

209

65.7

13.31

tflnd
cj:yf

;fd'bflos ljBfnoxdf :jLs[t b/aGbLdf sfo{/t lzIfsxdWo] clwsf+z

tflnd k|fKt /x]sf 5g\ . s]xL lzIfsx cf+lzs tflnd k|fKt 5g\ eg] Hofb} sd
lzIfsx tflnd ck|fKt 5g\ . k|fylds, / cfwf/e"t txdf qmdzM #=% k|ltzt /
^=@ k|ltzt dfq lzIfsx Tfflnd ck|fKt 5g\ . To;} u/L dfWolds tx -sIff (
!)_ df *&=! k|ltzt lzIfsx Tfflnd k|fKt, $=* k|ltzt cf+lzs tflnd k|fKt
5g\ eg] * k|ltzt lzIfsx Tfflnd ck|fKt 5g\ . ljleGg txsf lzIfs
tflnd;DaGwL lj:t[t ljj/0f tn tflnsf !# -a_ b]lv !# -o_ ;Dd k|:t't
ul/Psf 5g\ .
tflnsf !# -w_ M cfwf/e"t txdf lzIfs tflnd;DaGwL ;+VofTds ljj/0f
dlxnf

k|fylds
k'if

hDdf

tflnd
k|fKt

68,886

97,879

166,765

10792

29221

40013

79,678

(92.9)

(93.8)

(93.4)

(78.2)

(79.9)

(79.4)

(90.6)

(90.2)

(90.3)

cf+lzs
tflnd
k|fKt
tflnd
ck|fKt

1,961

3,638

5,599

474

1887

2361

2,435

5,525

7,960

(2.6)

(3.5)

(3.1)

(3.4)

(5.2)

(4.7)

(2.8)

(3.9)

(3.5)

3,322

2,856

6,178

2543

5472

8015

5,865

8,328

14,193

(4.5)

(2.7)

(3.5)

(18.4)

(15.0)

(15.9)

(6.7)

(5.9)

(6.2)

13,809

36,580

50,389

87,978

140,953

228,931

hDdf

74,169

104,373 178,542

lgDgdfWolds
dlxnf
k'if
hDdf

dlxnf

cfwf/e"t
k'if

hDdf

127,100 206,778

;|f]t M lzIff dGqfno .

sf]i7sleqsf] c+sn] k|ltztnfO{ hgfpFb5 .

tflnsf !# -g_ M dfWolds txdf lzIfs tflnd;DaGwL ;+VofTds ljj/0f

tflnd cj:yf

dfWolds -(!)_
dlxnf k'if hDdf

tflnd k|fKt

5,481 26,805 32,286 1,840 10,156 11,996 7,321 36,961 44,282

(85.3) (87.5) (87.1) (64.3) (65.2) (65.1) (78.8) (80.0) (79.8)
326
1462 1,788
212
870
1,082
538
2,332 2,870
(5.1)
(4.8)
(4.8)
(7.4)
(5.6)
(5.9)
(5.8)
(5.0)
(5.2)
618
2,359 2,977
811
4,539 5,350 1,429 6,898 8,327
(9.6)
(7.7)
(8.0) (28.3) (29.2) (29.0) (15.4) (14.9) (15.0)
6425 30,626 37,051 2863 15,565 18,428 9,288 46,191 55,479

cf+lzs tflnd
k|fKt
tflnd ck|fKt

pRr dfWolds -!!!@_

dlxnf k'if
hDdf

dfWolds -(!@_
dlxnf k'if
hDdf

hDdf
;|f]t M lzIff dGqfno .

sf]i7sleqsf] c+sn] k|ltztnfO{ hgfpFb5 .

ljBfyL{ ljj/0f
13.32

ljut s]xL jif{df ljBfyL{ egf{sf] cj:yf x]bf{ of] a9\bf] qmddf /x]sf] kfOG5 .
z}lIfs ;q @)^( df egf{ ePsf k|fylds txdf hDdf $% nfv &^ xhf/ ^ ;o
(#, cfwf/e"t txdf ^# nfv (( xhf/ * ;o *% / dfWolds txdf * nfv &*
210

xhf/ $& /x]sf]] 5 . o;;DaGwL lj:t[t tYof\s tnsf] tflnsf / rf6{df k|:t't
ul/Psf] 5 M
tflnsf !# -k_ M ljBfyL{ egf{sf] cj:yf
2063

2064

2065

2066

2067

2068

2069

tx
k|fylds -!%_

4,515,059 4,418,713 4,782,313 4,900,663 4,951,956 4,782,885 4,576,693

lgDgdfWolds -^*_

1,301,134 1,443,515 1,466,862 1,604,422 1,699,927 1,812,680 1,823,192

cfwf/e"t -!*_ 5,816,193

dfWolds -(!)_ 739387
;|f]t M lzIff dGqfno .

5,862,228 6,249,175 6,505,085 6,651,883 6,595,565 6,399,885

671182

715378

790348

811910

848569

878047

rf6{ !# -3_ M txut ljBfyL{ egf{s f] cj:yf

7,000,000

6,000,000

ljBfly{ ;+V of

5,000,000

4,000,000

3,000,000

2,000,000

1,000,000

0
2063

2064

2065

2066

2067

2068

2069

z}l Ifs ;q
k|fylds -!%_

13.33

lgDgdfWolds -^*_

cfwf/e"t -!*_

dfWolds -(!)_

rfn' z}lIfs ;q @)^( df ;fd'bflos tyf ;+:yfut ljBfnoxsf cWoog/t

s'n ljBfyL{ ;+Vof &^ nfv ^% xhf/ $ ;o $* k'u]sf]] 5 . txut ljBfyL{ ;+Vof
tnsf] tflnsf / rf6{af6 :ki6 kfg{ ;lsG5 .
tflnsf !# -km_ M z}lIfs ;q @)^( df txut ljBfyL{ egf{sf] cj:yf
tx
5fqf

k|fylds tx -!%_
lg=df= tx -^*_
cfwf/e't -!*_
dfWoflds tx -(!)_
pRr dfWoflds tx -!!!@_
dfWoflds tx -(!@_

ljBfyL{ ;+Vof
5fq

hDdf

2,309,970

2,266,723

4,576,693

927,705

895,487

1,823,192

3,237,675

3,162,210

6,399,885

437,007

441,040

878,047

195,565

191,951

387,516

632,572

632,991

1,265,563

;|f]t M lzIff dGqfno .

211

rf6{ !# -_M ;fd'bflos / ;+: yfut ljBfnodf z}= ;= @)^( df egf{ ePsf s'n ljBfyL{ ;+V of
7,000,000

6,000,000

ljBfyL{ ;+V of

5,000,000

4,000,000

3,000,000

2,000,000

1,000,000

k|fylds tx
-!%_

lg=df= tx
-^*_

cfwf/e"t
-!*_

dfWoflds tx
-(!)_

pRrdfWoflds tx
-!!!@_

dfWoflds tx
-(!@_

ljBfno tx
5fqf
13.34

5fq

hDdf

z}lIfs ;q @)^( df v'b egf{b/ k|fylds tyf -% b]lv ( jif{ pd]/;d"x_ sf

afnaflnsfxsf] (%=# k|ltzt, lgDgdfWoflds tyf -!) b]lv !@ jif{ pd]/;d"x_
sf] &@=@ k|ltzt / dfWoflds tx -!# b]lv !$ jif{ pd]/;d"x_ sf] %$=# k|ltzt
/x]sf] 5 . o;}u/L s'n egf{b/ -pk/f]Qm pd]/;d"x afx]ssf ;d]tsf]_ k|fylds
txdf !#)=!, lgDgdfWoflds txsf !))=^ k|ltzt / dfWoflds txdf &!=&
k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
tflnsf !# -a_ M txut ljBfyL{ egf{b/ -GER and NER_ ;DaGwL ljj/0f

tx

s'n egf{ b/ GER

5fqf
5fq
hDdf

k|fylds tx -!%_
lgDg dfWoflds tx -^*_
cfwf/e"t -!*_
dfWoflds tx -(!)_
pRrdfWoflds tx -!!!@_
dfWoflds tx -(!@_

v'b egf{ b/ NER

5fqf
5fq
hDdf

132.7

127.5

130.1

94.7

95.9

95.3

105.5

96.07

100.6

71.8

72.6

72.2

123.5

116.7

120.1

87.0

87.9

87.5

73.6

69.9

71.7

54.0

54.6

54.3

32.6

30.7

31.6

10.6

10.2

10.4

53.0

50.4

51.7

32.2

32.5

32.4

;|f]t M lzIff dGqfno .

13.35

k/LIff lgoGq0f sfof{noaf6 ;~rflnt k|j]lzsf k/LIffdf ;lDdlnt / plQ0f{ 5fq

5fqfxsf] lj:t[t ljj/0f lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5 .
212

tflnsf !# -e_ M P;=Pn=;L= k/LIffdf ;lDdlnt / pQL0f{ 5fq 5fqfxsf] ljj/0f

;+Vofdf

jif{

;fd]n

@)^% ;fd]n
pQL0f{
k|ltzt
@)^^ ;fd]n
ptL0f{
k|ltzt
@)^& ;fd]n
pQL0f{
k|ltzt
@)^* ;fd]n
pQL0f{
k|ltzt
@)^( ;fd]n
pQL0f{
k|ltzt
;|f]tM lzIff dGqfno .

5fq
!*$!*@
!#@^^@
&@=)#
@)%@*!
!#*&!^
^&=%&
@!)@%#
!@$#)%
%(=!@
@!%))*
!!@^@&
%@=#*
@)^!()
(^$%$
$^=&*

lgoldt
5fqf
!%*$%)
!)!($)
^$=#$
!&(*^%
!)*(&#
^)=%(
!*&%)^
(^$^!
%!=$$
@)$!!#
*&)*&
$@=^&
!(&&$^
&!$*!
#^=!%

hDdf
#$@^#@
@#$^)@
^*=$&
#*%!$^
@$&^*(
^$=#!
#(&&%(
@@)&^^
%%=%)
$!(!@!
!((&!$
$&=^%
$)#(#^
!^&(#%
$!=%&

5fq
!***#
(#)@
$(=@^
!&&&$
%^)(
#!=%^
@#*($
$$#!
!*=%$
##%!(
%!(%
!%=%)
$#&^$
#*@!
*=&#

PShfD6]8
5fqf
@&))^
!@%*%
$^=^)
@$!#!
^^!*
@&=$#
#@#^(
%#)@
!^=#*
$#$*!
%^!@
!@=(!
^#$*#
$$(&
&=)*

hDdf
$%*^)
@!**&
$&=^(
$!()%
!@@@&
@(=!*
%^@^#
(&##
!&=#)
&&)))
!)*)&
!$=)$
!)&@@(
*#!*
&=&^

pRr dfWolds lzIff

13.36

/fi6sf] ;jf{L0f ljsf;sf nflu laleGg If]qdf cfjZos dWod:t/Lo hgzlQm

tof/ u/L lalzli6s[t pRr lzIff xfl;n ug{sf nflu of]Uo ljBfyL{x tof/ ug]{,
ljleGg ljwfdf ljlzi6Ls[t lzIff lng of]Uo ljBfyL{ pTkfbg Pj+ dWod:t/Lo
hgzlQm tof/ ug]{ p2]Zon] pRr dfWolds lzIff nfu' ul/Psf] 5 . z}lIfs ;q
@)^( ;Dd ;fd'bflostkm{ @ xhf/ ^ ;o $*, lghLtkm{ ^ ;o %#, bz hf]8
b'O{tkm{ ! ;o %( / SofDk;tkm{ ! ;o #^ u/L s'n ;DaGwgk|fKt p=df=lj= xsf]
;+Vof # xhf/ % ;o (^ /x]sf] 5 . o; z}lIfs ;qdf ;fd'bflos tyf ;+:yfut
pRr dfWolds ljBfnotkm{ sIff !! df @ nfv *$ xhf/ ! ;o *& / sIff !@
df ! nfv ## xhf/ ^ ;o #& u/L s'n # nfv #@ xhf/ ^ ;o *) hgf 5fq
5fqfxn] lgoldtkdf cWoog ul//x]sf 5g\ . k|ltefzfnL ul/a, plTkl8t,
blnt Pjd\ b'u{d tyf lk5l8Psf ljBfyL{xnfO{ 5fqj[lQ pknAw u/fpg' ;fy}
lzIfs sNof0fsf/L sf]if :yfkgf, kf7\oqmd kl/dfh{g tyf gofF kf7\qmd lgdf{0f,
clt b'u{d If]qdf z}lIfs k|j4{g sfo{qmd, pRr dfWolds ljBfnosf]] ef}lts Pj+
z}lIfs ;'wf/ sfo{qmd, lzIfsxsf nflu PsLs[t lzIf0f ;Lk tflnd, b[li6ljlxg
alx/f tyf ;':t >j0fzlQm ePsf ljBfyL{xnfO{ pRr dfWolds lzIffdf kx'Fr
213

k'ofpg ljz]if lzIff ;xof]u sfo{qmd / ;fd'bflos pRr dfWolds ljBfnoxdf

cWoog/t ul/a, ljkGg, lk5l8Psf / dw]zL ljBfyL{xnfO{ o; txsf] lzIffdf
kx'Fr k'ofpg] h:tf ljljw sfo{qmdx ;~rfng x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ .

;DaGwgk|fKt ljBfno ;+Vof

13.37

z}lIfs ;q @)^( ;Dd ljsf; If]qsf] cfwf/df ;DaGwgk|fKt ;fd'bflos, lghL,

bzhf]8 b'O{ sf ljBfno / SofDk; u/L s'n ;+Vof lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf] 5 M
tflnsf !# -d_ M ;DaGwgk|fKt pRr dfWolds ljBfnoxsf] If]qut ljj/0f

ljsf; If]q

k"jf{~rn

ef}uf]lns
If]q

@)^&
;fd'

@)^*

lghL @ SofDk; hDdf

@)^(

;fd' lghL @ SofDk; hDdf

lxdfn ^) @ ) $ ^^ ^@ @ )
kxf8 @#! !) # $ @$* @%$ !) #
t/fO{ @)) &( @* !% #@@ @@$ *& @*
hDdf $(! (! #! @# ^#^ %$) (( #!
dWodf~rn lxdfn ** ! ) @ (! ($ ! )
kxf8 ##! @)# *! $& ^^@ #&# @!( *!
t/fO{ @!@ $* @% !^ #)! @$& %^ @$
hDdf ^#! @%@ !)^ ^% !)%$ &!$ @&^ !)%
$ ) ) )
$ $ ) )
klZrdf~rn lxdfn
kxf8 $#) &) & @@ %@( $&* *@ &
t/fO{ !@# %^ % !! !(% !#$ ^) %
hDdf %%& !@^ !@ ## &@* ^!^ !$@ !@
dWo
lxdfn #( ) ) #( $& ! ) )
klZdf~rn
kxf8 !%# # ) !%( !&@ & ) )
*^ #! % !@% (% #$ % %
t/fO{
hDdf @&* #$ % #@# #!$ $@ % %
;'b'/
lxdfn ^( ) ) &) &% ) ) )
klZrdf~rn kxf8 !@) # ! !@^ !#! $ ! !
(& @$ % !#) !)( @^ % %
t/fO{
hDdf @*^ @& ^ #@^ #!% #) ^ ^
s'n hDdf @@$# %#) !^) #)^& @$(( %*( !%( !%(
;|f]t M pRr dfWolds lzIff kl/ifb\\ lzIff dGqfno .
214

;fd'

^$

lghL @ SofDk; hDdf

^*

@ )

@&! @^@ !) #

$ &)
$ @&(

!% #%$ @## !)! @* !% #&&

@# ^(# %%( !!# #! @# &@^
@

(&

($

@ (&

$* &@! $)# @## *! $* &^%

!^ #$# @&) %( @$ !^ #^(
^^ !!^! &^& @(# !)% ^^ !@#!
)

) $

@) %*& %)# () &

@) ^@)

!! @!) !$) ^% %

!! @@!

#! *)! ^$& !%% !@ #! *$%

@

%) %^

!*@ !** !) )

# @)!

!#& (* $) %

# !$^

#^( #$@ %! %

* $)^

&^

! *!

!#* !$) $

@ !$&

% !$% !!# #& %

% !^)

* #%( !## $! ^

* #**

*)

@ %(

!#^ ##*# @^$* ^%# !%( !#^ #%(^

pRr dfWolds ljBfnodf 5fq5fqfsf] l:ylt

13.38

pRr dfWolds ljBfnocGtu{t sIff !! / !@ df z}lIfs ;q @)^% b]lv @)^(

;Dd k/LIffdf ;lDdlnt Pjd\ ptL0f{ 5fq5fqfxsf] ljj/0f lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf]5 M
tflnsf !# -o_ M jflif{s k/LIffdf ;lDdlnt / pQL0f{ ljBfyL{ ;+Vof

jif{

sIff !!
;lDdlnt
5fq

2065 106157

2066 132158

sIff !@
ptL0f{

;lDdlnt

5fqf

hDdf

5fq

99043

205200

46903

37228

84131

-44=18_

-37=6_

-41=0_

57240

44793 102033

-43=3_

-36=5_

65595

51433 117028 117093 112652 229715 55058 45788 100846

-42=1_

-36=2_

122613

254771

2067 155989 142062 298051

@)^* !^!(*$ !$!*&) #)#*%$

@)^( !%!@## !#$)$$ @*%@&&

5fqf hDdf

5fq

5fqf

70644

62296

ptL0f{
hDdf

5fqf

hDdf

132940 36946

30383

67329

-52=3_

-48=8_

-50=6_

94812 92005 186817 47803 39405

87208

-40=0_

-39=3_

5fq

-50=4_

-47=7_

-40=6_

-44=0_

^$()* %!%)* !!%(@@ !#%)*& !@**(@ @^#(&( ^&))% %*%!*

!@%%@#

-$)=)_

-#^=#_

-$%=$_

-$*=)_

^@!^#

%!&() !!#(%# !#%^^$ !@^!!@ @^!&&^

^)#%* %)^)*

!!)(^^

-$!=!)_

-#*=^_

-$$=%_

-$@=$_

-#*=@_

-$)=)_

-47=0_

-42=8_

-$(=^_

-$)=!_

sf]i7 leqsf] c+sn] pQL0f{ k|ltztnfO{ hgfpFb5 .

;|f]t M pRr dfWolds lzIff kl/ifb\\ lzIff dGqfno .

;fd'bflos pRr dfWolds ljBfno / lzIfs Joj:yf

13.39

z}lIfs jif{ @)^( ;Dd s'n ;fd'bflos pRr dfWolds ljBfno @ xhf/ ^ ;o
$* df k|lt ljBfno Go"gtd # j6f yk b/jGbL x'g'kg]{ / To;sf nflu s'n &
xhf/ ( ;o $$ lzIfsxsf] Aoj:yf x'g'kg]{ b]lvG5 . To:t}, lj1fg ljifo
;~rfngdf /x]sf @ ;o @% cf]6f pRr dfWolds ljBfnosf nflu yk !! j6f
lzIfs / s0ff{nL c~rnsf s'n %( pRr dfWolds ljBfnosf nflu yk !!
j6f u/L s'n hDdf * xhf/ @ ;o @* / sIf !! df @ ;o eGbf a9L ljBfyL{
;+Vof ePsf pRr dfWolds ljBfnonfO{ yk ! j6f lzIfs pknAw u/fpg] u/L
s'n ( xhf/ lzIfs o; cfly{s jif{df Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .

pRr k|fljlws lzIffdf 5fqj[lQ

13.40

:jb]zdf ljleGg ljZjljBfnox;Fu ;DaGwg lnO{ lghL;|f]tdf ;~rfng cg'dlt

k|fKt u/L b]zsf ljleGg :yfgdf ;~rflnt d]l8sn sn]hxaf6 / ljb]zaf6
k|fKt x'g] 5fqj[lQdf cWoog ug{ lzIff dGqfnon] ;~rfng u/]sf] k/LIff pQL0f{
215

ljBfyL{xnfO{ lgMz'Ns cWoogsf] nflu 5gf}6 u/L lrlsTzf zf:qdf :gfts,

:gfQsf]Q/, gl;{df :gfts cWoogsf nflu dgf]gog u/L k7fpg] ul/Psf] 5 .
o;/L :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL d]l8sn sn]hxaf6 k|fKt 5fqj[lQdf cWoog ug{
hfg]xsf] ljj/0f b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] 5
tflnsf !# -/_ M ljleGg tx / ljifodf cWoogfy{ dgf]gog ePsf ljBfyL{xsf] ;+Vof
ljifo

cfly{s jif{
@)^^^&

cfly{s jif{
@)^&^*

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^(

cfly{s jif{
@)^(&)*

PdljljP;

!%@

@)@

&(

@)#

g]kfn

ljl8P;

!*

!)

%&

%$

g]kfn

ljPPdP;

&

!&

g]kfn

ljPg

!@

!@

!!

!!

g]kfn

ljlkPr

g]kfn

jL kmdf{

!#

@)

g]kfn

ljP:;L km/]:6

g]kfn

ljP:;L gl;{

!&

g]kfn

PdljljP;

@!

!!

ljb]z

ljl8P;

lklh d]l8l;g

@!

b]z

ljb]z
!@

ljb]z

* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .

;|f]tM lzIff dGqfno .

ljZjljBfno cg'bfg cfof]u

13.41

ljZjljBfno cg'bfg cfof]un] ljZjljBfnox aLr ;dGjo, ;/sf/L cg'bfg

ljt/0f, gofF ljZjljBfno :yfkgfy{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ /fo ;'emfj k|bfg, z}lIfs
u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f h:tf sfo{x ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;fy}, o; cfof]un] lgoldttkm{
u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ sfo{qmd / ljsf;tkm{ bf];|f] pRr lzIff kl/of]hgf cGtu{t
sfo{qmdxsf] sfo{th'{df, sfof{Gjog / ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . u'0f:t/ ;'wf/
sfo{qmdtkm{ kf7\oqmdsf] kl/dfh{g / k'gtf{huLs/0f, cWoog cWofkgdf ;+nUg
lzIfsxsf] ;Lk, bIftf clej[l4, cg';Gwfg, ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; Pjd\ lj:tf/,
216

:gftsf]Q/ txdf ckf ljBfyL{ ;xof]u sfo{qmd / pRr z}lIfs ;+:yfxsf]

z}lIfs, k|fl1s / ef}lts Ifdtf clej[l4nfO{ b[li6ut u/L u'0f:t/ ;'wf/
sfo{qmdnfO{ rfn' cfly{s jif{df kl/dfh{g;lxt ;~rfng ul//x]sf] 5 . cfly{s
jif{ @)^(&) df k'gtf{huL tflnddf #* hgf, Pd=lkmn / lk=Pr=l8= ljt
j[lQdf ! ;o !^ hgf, n3' cg';Gwfg %), uf]i7L, sfo{zfnf,;Dd]ng ;~rfng
tyf ;xeflutf ;xof]u ^) j6f, k':tsfno ;'b[l9s/0f Pjd\ ef}lts ;'ljwf
ljsf; ;xof]udf @ ;o !) j6f SofDk; tyf cg';Gwfg %) cf]6f ;DkGg ug]{
ePsf] 5 . To:t}, ljZj a}+ssf] ;xof]u ;d]tdf bf];|f] pRr lzIff kl/of]hgf
cGtu{t ;'wf/ cg'bfg -k|f]T;fxt, sfo{;~rfng / hf]8sf]if cg'bfg_, ljBfyL{
ljQLo ;xfotf sfo{qmd, pRr dfWolds lzIff ;'wf/ / pRr lzIffdf k|0ffnLut
Ifdtf clej[l4 h:tf $ j6f If]qxnfO{ ;d]6L sfo{;Dkfbg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .
k|f]T;fxt, sfo{;~rfng / hf]8sf]if cg'bfg ;xof]udf ! ;o $! j6f
SofDk;xsf] z}lIfs u'0f:t/ ljsf;sf nfuL sfo{qmd ;DkGg ug]{ nIo /x]sf] 5 .
13.42 cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dd d'n's leq ;~rfngdf /x]sf ljleGg
ljZjljBfnox cGtu{tsf SofDk;x / ;f]df cWoog ul//x]sf ljBfyL{xsf]
;+Vof lgDg tflnsfdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd /x]sf] 5
tflnsf !# -n_ M ljleGg ljZjljBfno cGtu{tsf SofDk;x tyf ljBfyL{ ;+Vof
SofDk;x
ljZjljBfno
lqe'jg ljZjljBfno
sf7df8f} ljZjljBfno
k"jf{~rn ljZjljBfno
g]kfn ;+:s[t
ljZjljBfno
kf]v/f ljZjljBfno
n'lDagL af}4
ljZjljBfno
ljkL sf]O/fnf :jf:Yo
lj1fg k|lti7fg
lrlTs;f lj1fg /fli6o
k|lti7fg
kf6g :jf:Yo lj1fg
k|lti7fg

cf\lus

cfly{s jif{ @)^&^*

;DaGwg cf\lus ;DaGwg

k|fKt
k|fKt

hDdf

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(

cf\lus ;DaGwg
k|fKt

hDdf

60

900

159394

15

3627

5655

9282

4293

7017

11310

121

732

17758

18490

856

26111

26967

13

10

3165

294

3459

3157

615

3772

49

788

12383

13171

1459

18770

20229

17

17

1192

1192

1155

1155

206

206

203

203

60

60

60

60

;|f]tM ljZjljBfno cg'bfg cfof]u .

217

230066 389460 143899 229947 373846

ljZjljBfnox
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) ;Dd lqe'jg ljZjljBfno, sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfno,
k"jf{~rn ljZjljBfno, g]kfn ;+:s[t ljZjljBfno, kf]v/f ljZjljBfno, n'lDjgL
ljZjljBfno, s[lif tyf kz'lj1fg, dWodf~rn / ;'b'/klZrdf~rn
ljZjljBfnox u/L ( j6f ljZjljBfnoxn] pRr lzIffdf ljleGg ljwfxdf
cWoog cWofkg, cg';Gwfg h:tf sfo{qmdx ;~rfng ul//x]sf 5g\ .
tflnsf !# -j_ M cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ljZjljBfnosf ljBfyL{xsf] egf{ / pTkfbg
ljj/0f

13.43

;+Vofdf
tx

ljj/0f

lqe'jg

sf7df8f}+

k"jf{~rn

kf]v/f

n'lDagL af}4

g]kfn ;+:s[t

s'n

k|df0fkq

egf{

3375

118

1089

4582

pTkfbg

13671

704

14375

egf{

90265

9684

23772

18435

1518

143674

pTkfbg

50713

1304

5813

1365

1099

60294

egf{

45315

1105

3195

1727

227

51569

pTkfbg

6771

379

823

342

233

8548

egf{

55

11

66

pTkfbg

15

10

25

egf{

242

248

56

546

pTkfbg

27

23

25

75

egf{

470

100

180

750

pTkfbg

48

64

egf{

234179

17

758

234954

pTkfbg

262

262

egf{

373846

11310

26967

20229

17

3772

436141

pTkfbg

71230

1730

6636

1742

2305

83643

:gfts
:gftsf]Q/
lklh8L
Pd=lkmn=
lkPr=8L=
cGo
s'n

jL=kL= sf]O/fnf :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fg -egf{_

1155

lrlsT;f lj1fg /fli6o k|lti7fg -egf{_

203

kf6g :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fg -egf{_

65

hDdf egf{

437564

;|f]tM lzIff dGqfno .

218

:jf:Yo If]q
13.44 g]kfnsf]

cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# n] :jf:YonfO{ hgtfsf] cfwf/e"t clwsf/sf]

kdf :yflkt u/]sf] 5 . oxL ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf Pj+ If]qLo tyf cGt/f{li6o
d~rdf hgfOPsf] k|ltatfcg'k u'0f:t/Lo :jf:Yo ;]jfdf ;a} gful/ssf] kx'Fr
;'lglZrt ug]{ sfo{df ;/sf/ lqmozLn /xb} cfPsf] 5 . o;} ;Gb{edf ;x>fAbL
ljsf; nIo Pj+ g]kfn :jf:Yo If]q sfo{qmd -bf];|f]_ ;d]tsf cfwf/df sfo{qmdx
sfof{Gjog u/L o; If]qsf] of]ubfgaf6 ul/aL Go""gLs/0fdf ;xof]u ub}{ cfly{s
;Dj[l4df of]ubfg k'ofpg :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfnon] ljut jif{b]lv
;~rfngdf /x]sf k|fyldstfk|fKt sfo{qmdxnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbb} cfPsf] 5 .
rf6{ !# -r_ :jf:Yo ;]jfsf k|d 'v ;'r sfsf] !% jif{sf] k|j[lQ

600

4.5
500

;+V ofdf

300

2.5
2

200

k|l tzstdf

3.5

400

1.5
1

100

0.5
0

0
1996

2001

2006

2009

2011

jif{
dft[ d[To'b/

13.45

lzz' d[To'b/

jfn d[To'b/

kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;fwg k|of]u b/

s"n k|hgg\ b/

g]kfnn] lnPsf] ;x>fJbL ljsf; nIodWo] afn tyf dft[ d[To'b/ Go'gLs/0fdf
pT;fxhgs pknlAw xfl;n eO{ ;g\ !((^ sf] jfn d[To'b/ k|lt xhf/ hLljt hGd
$# af6 ;g\ @)!! df ( df /]sf] 5 . o;}u/L ;g\ !((^ sf] % ;o #( k|ltnfv
hGddf /x]sf] dft[ d[To'b/ @ ;o @( hgf k|lt nfvdf /]sf] 5 . pk/f]tm
pknlAwsf sf/0f g]kfnn] cGt/f{li6o:t/af6 ;x>fAbL ljsf; nIo xfl;n ug]{
qmddf ;x>fJbL ljsf; nIo % sf] dft[ d[To'b/df pNn]Vo sdL NofO{
cGt/f{li6o:t/df ;d]t ;/fxgLo sfo{ u/L "Motivational Award" cGt/f{li6o
k'/:sf/ / MDG Achievement Award k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} s'i7/f]u
lgoGq0fsf] If]qdf g]kfnn] ;g\ @)!) b]lv s'i7/f]u pGd"ng ePsf] 3f]if0f ;d]t
u/]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)!@ h'gdf h]g]efdf ePsf] Global Leaders Council for
219

Reproductive Health sf] cGt/f{li6o ;Dd]ngn] g]kfndf k|hgg :jf:Yo If]qdf

pNn]Vo k|ult xfl;n u/]sf] egL Resolve Award af6 ;d]t ;Ddflgt u/]sf] 5 .

;x>fJbL ljsf;
;'rsf
dft[ d[To'b/
k|ltnfv
s'n k|hgg\ b/
k|ltdlxnf
lszf]/L k|hgg b/
-!% b]lv !( jif{_
kl/jf/ lgof]hg
;fwg k|of]u b/

tflnsf !# -z_ M k|d'v :jf:Yo ;"rs / pknlAw

nIo
pknlJw
134

PsfO{
hgf

1991
539

1996
539

2001
415

2006
281

2009
229

2011
250

2.5

hgf

5.3

4.6

4.1

3.1

2.9

3.0

70

k|ltzt

127

110

98

98

67

k|ltzt

24

26.0

35

44

45.1

48

38

hgf

158

118.3

91

61

50

55

32

hgf

106

78.5

64

48

41

44

16

hgf

49.9

43

33

20

30

29
0.30

k|ltzt
k|ltzt

49.2
-

48.3
-

38.6
-

39.7
0.49

34
-

85
90
-

k|ltzt

48
79
0.54

70
89
0.40

65
89
0.28

71
88
NA

75
89
NA

(Modern
Methods)

kfFr jif{ d'lgsf]

jfn d[To'b/
-k|ltxhf/_
lzz' d[To'b/
-k|ltxhf/_
gjhft lzz'
d[To'b/ -k|ltxhf/_
tf}n gk'u]sf jRrf
Pr=cfO=eL= ;+qmd0f
b/ -!% b]lv $(
jif{_
6L=aL= kQf nfu]sf]
/ pkrf/ ePsf]
jflif{s cf}nf]
k|efljt ;+Vof k|lt
xhf/

;|f]tM :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfno .

13.46

lgoldt sfo{qmdxnfO{ cem k|efjsf/L kdf ;~rfng ug{sf nflu ljleGg

gLltut Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 h; dWo] bL3{sfnLg of]hgf, ;x>fJbL ljsf; nIo,
:jf:Yo If]q ;'wf/ sfo{of]hgf, tLg jifL{o of]hgf / :jf:Yo If]qdf k|of]udf
NofOPsf laleGg P]g tyf lgodxsf cfwf/df sfo{qmdx ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 .
o;} u/L] /fli6o vf]k ljB]os / /fli6o :jf:Yo jLdf gLltsf] d:of}bf lgdf{0f ePsf]
5 . /fli6o hg:jf:Yo k|of]uzfnf gLlt @)^(, /fli6o :jf:Yo ;~rf/ gLlt @)^(,
220

:jf:Yo If]qsf] $ jif]{ dfgj ;+;fwg /0fgLlt of]hgf / ljkGg gful/s cf}ifwL
pkrf/ sf]if lgb]{lzsf @)^( :jLs[t u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] 5 .

:jf:Yo ;]jf / ;'ljwfdf lj:tf/

:jf:Yo ;]jftkm{ /x]sf :jf:Yo ;+:yfx c:ktfn, z}of / hgzlQmsf] ljj/0f
b]xfojdf]lhd /x]sf] 5
tflnsf !# -if_ M :jf:Yo ;+:yfx tyf c:ktfnsf] ;+Vof, z}of tyf hgzlQmsf] ljj/0f

13.47

cfly{s jif{

ljj/0f

2064/65 2065/66

!= hDdf :jf:Yo ;+:yfx

s_ c:ktfn
v_ k|fylds:jf:Yo s]Gb|
u_ :jf:Yo rf}sL
3_ cfo'j]{lbs cf}ifwfno
_ pk:jf:Yo rf}}sL
@= c:ktfn z}of
#= hDdf hgzlQm
s_ 8fS6/
v_ kl/rfl/sf
u_ slj/fh
3_ j}B
_ :jf:Yo ;xfos -x]= c=,
c= x]= a=_
r_ :jf:Yo sfo{stf{ -df=
lz= sf=_
5_ :yfgLo :jf:Yo
sfostf{ -u|f=:jf=sf=_
h_ cGo :jf:Yo sfo{stf{
-dlxnf :jf= :jo+;]ljsf_
;d]t

2066/67

2067/68 2068/69 2069/70*

4396

4392

4392

4393

4393

4393

94

102

102

102

105

107#

214

214

207

208

205

204

699

676

1176

1698

2175

2175

293

293

291

291

293

293

3104

3114

2617

2095

1615

1615

6944

6944

6944

7049

7035

7285

91840

92010

92181

82994

92150

93495

1457

1627

1798

1798

1654

1954

11637

11637

11637

12681

11756

12550

394

394

394

407

394

394

360

360

360

360

360

360

7491

7491

7491

8013

8013

8563

3190

3190

3190

3190

3190

3190

3985

3985

3985

3985

2985

2985

63326

63326

63326

52560

63326

63326

5fqj[lQdf cWoog ul/cfPsf #%) 8fS6/ ;d]t .

# k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb| / :jf:Yo
s]Gb| ;d]t .
gf]6M gofF :jf:Yo ;+:yf yk geO{ :t/f]GgtL ePsf] x'Fbf ;+Vof oyfjt /x]sf] .
* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .

;|f]tM :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfno .

13.48 cfly{s

jif{ @)^(&) sf] kmfu'g dlxgf;Dddf c:ktfn ! ;o &, :jf:Yo rf}sL @

221

xhf/ ! ;o &%, cfo'j{]b c:ktfn tyf cf}ifwfnox @ ;o (#, pk :jf:Yo rf}sL

! xhf/ ^ ;o !%, k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb| @)$, kGw| z}ofsf c:ktfn ( u/L hDdf
$ xhf/ # ;o (# a6f c:ktfn tyf :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf (# xhf/ $ ;o (% hgf
k|fljlws tyf ck|fljlws hgzlQm :jf:Yo ;]jfdf sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\ .
rf6{ !# -5_ :jf:Yo ;]j fsf] lj:tf/
96000
93495

91840
92181

92010

92000

4396

92150

4395

:jf:Yo ;+: yf

90000
88000

4394

86000

84000

82994
4393

4396

82000

hgzlQm

94000

4397

4392
4393

80000
78000

4393

4393

4391

4392

4392

2065/66

2066/67

76000

4390

2064/65

hDdf :jf:Yo ;+:yfx

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

hDdf hgzlQm

;|f]t M :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfno .

rf6{ !# -5_ :jf:Yo ;]j fsf] lj:tf/
7400

120

7300

102

102

105

7285

100

94
80

7100

7049
7000
6900

6944

6944

60

7035

6944

hgzlQm

:jf:Yo ;+: yf

7200

102

40
20

6800
0

6700
2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

c:ktfn

c:ktfn z}of

2068/69

2069/70*

;|f]t M :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfno .

13.49

ljleGg cfly{s jif{df :jf:Yo ;]jftkm{ g]kfne/sf ;Dk"0f{ c:ktfnxaf6 ljleGg

;]jf k|fKt u/L nfeflGjt hg;+Vofsf] ljj/0f b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] 5
222

tflnsf !# -;_ M ljsf; If]qcg';f/ c:ktfnsf] :jf:Yo ;]jfaf6 nfeflGjt ePsf hg;+Vof
-xhf/df_
b]z/ljsf;
If]qcg';f/
g]kfn//fli6o
k"jf{~rn
dWodf~rn
klZrdf~rn
dWoklZrdf~rn
;'b"/
klZrdf~rn

cfly{s jif{ @)^&^*

egf{
alx/+u cfsl:ds

394773
(2.97)
90018
127489
102054
43459
31753

3169624
(3.36)
630363
1015953
865956
389822
267530

697144
(2.90)
142863
251771
163587
56773
82150

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(

egf{
alx/+u cfsl:ds

430179
(8.96)
130504
144908
75911
40058
38798

3295619
(3.97)
753076
1223645
660145
351848
306905

764344
(9.63)
190921
279909
131093
59585
102836

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&)*

egf{
alx/+u cfsl:ds

169928
(-33.19)
48400
39142
56427
12237
13722

1310022 307854
(29.05) (-30.43)
343748 85630
292468 77510
422303 80626
124700 27183
126803 36905

* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .

sf]i7sleqsf] c+sn] ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf ePsf] a[l4 k|ltztnfO{ hgfpFb5 .
;|f]tM :jf:Yo ;]jf ljefu .

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf c:ktfndf egf{ eO{ :Jff:Yo

;]jfaf6 nfeflGjt x'g]sf] ;+Vof *=(^ k|ltzt, alx/+u ;]jftkm{ #=(& k|ltzt /
cfsl:ds ;]jftkm{ (=^# k|ltztn] a[l4 ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] cf7
dlxgfdf ut cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf c:ktfndf egf{ eO{ :jf:Yo
;]jf lng]sf] ;+Vofdf ##=!( k|ltzt, alx/+utkm{ @%=)( k|ltzt / cfsl:dstkm{
#)=$# k|ltztn] 36\g uPsf] 5 .
tflnsf !# -x_ M ljsf; If]qcg';f/ ;a} k|sf/sf alx/+u ;]jftkm{sf lj/fdLsf] ;+VofTds
ljj/0f

13.50

b]z/ljsf;
If]qcg';f/

g]kfn//fli6o

@)^&^*

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^(
@)^*^(*

19,708,800

21,670,572

(-5.67)

(9.95)

13,237,225

4,640,003
4,520,025
2,991,108
k"jf{~rn
5,774,617
6,785,721
3,953,281
dWodf~rn
3,981,678
4,894,134
2,976,000
klZrdf~rn
3,270,108
3,226,630
2,008,915
dWoklZrdf~rn
2,042,394
2,244,062
1,307,921
;'b"/ klZrdf~rn
* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]
sf]i7sleqsf] c+sn] ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf ePsf] a[l4 k|ltztnfO{ hgfpFb5 .
;|f]tM :jf:Yo ;]jf ljefu

13.51

@)^(&)*
11,520,536
(-12.96)
2,752,511
3,225,556
2,368,010
1,918,822
1,255,637

alx/+utkm{ /fli6o:t/sf ;a} k|sf/sf alx/+u ;]jf tkm{sf] la/fdLsf] ;+Vofdf cfly{s
jif{ @)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df (=(% k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{
alx/+u ;]jfaf6 nfeflGjt x'g]xsf] ;+Vof @ s/f]8 !^ nfv &) xhf/ % ;o &@
k'u]sf] 5 eg] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{
223

@)^(&) sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf alx/+u ;]jf tkm{sf la/fdLsf] ;+Vof !@=(( k|ltztn]
36\g uO{ o;af6 nfeflGjt x'g]xsf] ;+Vof ! s/f]8 !% nfv @) xhf/ % ;o #^
/x]sf] 5 .

lj:tfl/t vf]k Pj+ /fli6o kf]lnof] vf]k sfo{qmd

13.52

afn d[To'b/nfO{ sd ug]{ nIo;lxt ;~rflnt lj:tfl/t vf]k tyf kf]lnof] vf]k
sfo{qmddf cfly{s jif{ )^*)^( df &% lhNnfdf /x]sf ( dlxgfb]lv !%
jif{d'lgsf afnaflnsfxnfO{ bfb'/fj]nf vf]k cleofg ;~rfng ul/Psf] / &%
j6} lhNnfdf b'O{ k6s /fli6o kf]lnof] vf]k cleofg ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . ;fy}
@ ;o hgf 5'6 ePsf tyf gof egf{ ePsf dlxnf :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsfxsf nflu
CBIMCI tflnd ;d]t ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . o; sfo{qmdaf6 ePsf] k|ult
tflnsf g+= !# -If_ df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf !# -If_ M lj:tfl/t vf]k sfo{qmdsf] ljj/0f
;+Vofdf

;'rsf+s
lj=l;=lh= EoflS;g
l8=lk=l6=,x]kf6fO{l6; la
-t];|f]dfqf_
kf]lnof] -t];|f] dfqf_
bfb'/f lj4 vf]k
l66fg; vf]k
bfb'/f j]nf vf]k cleofg
cfO/g rSsL kfPsf
dlxnfx
f8fkvfnfsf /f]uLx btf{
lh+s / hLjghnaf6 pkrf/
Zjf; k|Zjf; /f]usf] pkrf/

cfly{s jif{
@)^&^*

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^(

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^(*

cfly{s jif{
@)^(&)*

637969
(4.06)
627998
(18.64)
623359

632422
(-0.86)
592658
(-5.62)
591132
(-5.16)
569367
(-1.00)
570469
(83.85)
522606
(6.43)
1751904
(464)
1594044
(482.94)
919438
(20.49)

471335

348363
(-26.00)
312652
(-27.33)
312357
(-27.33)
292949
(-29.93)
299684
(47.50)
9685099
-

575158
(2.59)
310285
(4.62)
558575
(-19.86)
310269
(-45.18)
273448
(18.17)
763023

430244
431954
418139
203143

211567
180533
329475

789492
(2.73)
736109
(307)
475204
(44.23)

* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] . sf]i7sleqsf] c+sn] ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf ePsf] a[l4 k|ltztnfO{ hgfpFb5 .
;|f]tM :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfno .

224

kl/jf/ lgof]hg, ;'/lIft dft[Tj Pj+ dlxnf :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsf sfo{qmd

13.53

k|hggb/nfO{ k|lt:yfkg tx / dft[d[To'nfO{ ! ;o #$ k|lt nfv hLljt hGddf

Nofpg] nIo;lxt sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul//x]sf] k|hgg :jf:Yo sfo{qmdaf6 ePsf]
k|ult tflnsf g+= !# -q_ df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf !# -q_ M k|hgg\ :jf:Yo sfo{qmdsf] k|ult ljj/0f
;'rsf

PsfO{

@)^&^*

kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf] gofF

k|of]ustf{ -c:yfoL ;fwg_
kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf] gofF
k|of]ustf{
-:yfoL aGWofs/0f_

hgf

642533

hgf

62600

kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf] nuftf/

k|of]ustf{

hgf

-nfdf] cjlwsf] c:yfoL

;fwg_
rf}yf]k6s k"j{ k|;"lt ;]jf
lnPsf ;+Vof
tflnd k|fKt k|;"lt sdL{af6
k|;"lt ;]jf
:jf:Yo ;+:yfdf ;'/Ilft
k|;"lt ;]jf
b"u{dsf k|;"lt ;]jfnfO
k|]if0f ;]jf
cfdf ;'/Iff sfo{qmdaf6
lgMz'Ns k|;"lt ;]jf lnPsf
k|;"lt kl5sf] ;]jf (PNC)
rf}la; 306] cTofjZos
k|;"lt ;]jf
kf7]3/ v:g] /f]usf] nflu
:qmLlg\u
kf7]3/ v:g] /f]usf]
ck/]zg

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( @)^*^(*

@)^(&)*

598604
(-6.83)
51185
(-18.23)

427076

2425521

2446286
(0.85)

466330

1625400
(248.55)

hgf

370563

260229

hgf

326563

hgf

254439

hgf

55

hgf

245439

hgf

387201

lhNnf

24

hgf

25374

hgf

12243

89250
(-75.91)
315500
(-3.38)
318000
(24.98)
165
(200.00)
299901
(22.18)
441580
(14.00)
26
(8.33)
41080
(61.89)
9081
(-25.82)

45321
(-17.41)
185000
(-2.64)
194220
(0.00)
99
(266.00)
179950
(2.94)
55850
(-80.00)
27
(3.84)
50018
(166.79)
3341
(-36.16)

392154

190028
194220
27
174798
279209
26
18750
5234

* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .

sf]i7sleqsf] c+sn] ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf ePsf] a[l4 k|ltztnfO{ hgfpFb5 .
;|f]tM :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfno
225

415000
(-2.82)
32000
(-18.47)

Ifo/f]u lgoGq0f
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ;~rflnt sfo{qmdaf6 ;DefJo Ifo/f]uLxsf] /Qm
k/LIf0f u/L DOTs k|ljlwaf6 lgMz'Ns cf}iflwpkrf/ ul/Psf] / @ ;o @% hgfnfO{
MDRTB ;DaGwL tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . /f]uyfdsf nflu ljleGg
dfWodf/f ;Gb]zd"ns / r]tgfd"ns ;fdfu|Lx k|zf/0f tyf :jf:YosdL{nfO{
tflnd k|bfg ug]{ h:tf sfo{qmd / MDR la/fdLsf nflu xf]:6]n :yfkgf tyf
;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . o; sfo{qmdsf d'Vo d'Vo sfdxsf] k|ult ljj/0f
lgDgfg';f/ k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 M
tflnsf !# -1_ M Ifo/f]u sfo{qmdsf] k|ult ljj/0f
sfo{qmd
OsfO{
cfly{s jif{
cfly{s jif{
@)^*^(
@)^(&)
z+sf:kb la/fdLsf] vsf/ hgf
178147
68770
k/LIf0f
gofF vsf/sf] :nfO8 k/LIf0f
hgf
465993
183853
nf]ck -vsf/ k/LIf0f_
hgf
51869
13.54

Olkl8ldof]nf]hL, cf}nf] tyf sfnfhf/ lgoGq0f, k|fs[lts k|sf]k Joj:yfkg

13.55

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df !% k6s dxfdf/L /f]u tyf k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6

kLl8txsf] nflu pkrf/fTds lzlj/ ;~rfng ul/Psf], $ xhf/ * ;o j6f
:nfO8xsf] 58\s] hfFr ul/Psf], dxfdf/L, ;jf /f]u, k/hLjLaf6 nfUg] cf}nf]
tyf sfnfhf/ /f]u lgoGq0f / k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 pTkGg x'g] ljleGg vfnsf
/f]uxsf] Joj:yfkgnufotsf sfo{xnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbb}+ ;jf /f]uxsf]
;le{n]G;, xfQLkfOn], cf}nf], sfnfhf/ lgoGq0fsf nflu sL6gfzs cf}iflw 5g]{ sfo{,
"n ljt/0f, /]ljh /f]u lgoGq0f / ;k{b+z kLl8t dWo] ^% xhf/nfO{ ARV cf}iflw
ljt/0f u/L cfjZos vf]k ;]jf k|bfg ug{] h:tf ;]jfx pknJw u/fOPsf] lyof] .
^% nfv dflg;nfO{ xfQLkfOn] /f]u lgoGq0f / /f]syfdsf] nflu cf}ifwL v'jfOPsf]
5 . To;} u/L 8]+u' efO/;sf] lgbfgsf] nflu ljz]if sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof]
eg] j8{n'af6 x'g] dfgj ;+qmd0f x'g] /f]usf] /f]syfdsf] nflu ljif]z sfo{qmd
;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . o;} u/L cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df lrlsT;s, g;{ tyf
:jf:YosdL{xnfO{ /]ljh EoflS;gsf] plrt k|of]u tyf ljiffn' ;ksf] 6f]sfO{
Joj:yfkg;DaGwL cled'vLs/0f tflnd lbOPsf], xfQLkfOn] /f]u lgjf/0f cleofg
;~rfng ePsf !) lhNnfxdf dfOs|f]kmfOn]l/ldof nf]ck ;e]{ tyf @)
lhNnfxdf kf]i6 MDA ;e]{ ul/Psf] 5 .

s'i7/f]u lgoGq0f
13.56

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df s'i7/f]u sfo{qmd cGt/ut Ps nfv &$ xhf/ Ps ;o

!@ hgf lj/fdL tyf l5d]sLsf] kfl/jfl/s k/LIf0f ul/Psf], @ xhf/ ( ;o !@ hgf
226

s'i7/f]usf lj/fdLnfO{ k|lt JolQm ?= ! xhf/sf b/n] oftfoft vr{ ljt/0f ul/Psf],
!^ k6s rd{/f]u lzlj/ ;~rfng ul/Psf] ^ ;o ## hgf sfnfhf/sf] /f]uL btf{
ePsfdf % ;o ! hgfsf] ;kmn pkrf/ ePsf] 5 . To;} u/L cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) df s'i7/f]u k|efljt lhNnfxdf :ynut cWoog tyf :yfgLo :t/df
Joj:yfkg tyf k|lzIf0f ul/Psf lj/fdL tyf l5d]sLsf] kfl/jfl/s k/LIf0f ul/Psf]],
& ;o hgf lgoldt pkrf/ ug]{ lj/fdLnfO{ ! xhf/sf b/n] oftfoft vr{
ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

/fli6o hg;+Vof, :jf:Yo lzIff Pj+ ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/

hg;+Vof;DaGwL @) aif]{ bL3{sfnLg of]hgf Population Prospective Plan (PPP)
n] tf]s] cg';f/ ;fem]bf/L dGqfno cfof]u aLr hg;+Vof;DaGwL sfo{qmdxsf]
5nkmn ;dLIff u/L lgoldt cg'udg ug]{ sfo{ eO/x]sf] 5 . n}ls lx+;f
cGTo;DaGwL sfo{of]hgf, @)^* cg';f/ c:ktfndf cfwfl/t Psb/ ;+s6
Joj:yfkg s]Gb| ;~rfng lgb]{lzsf, @)^& tof/ eO{ o; cfly{s jif{ df ljleGg &
j6f c:ktfndf ;f] s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf eO{ ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ . h]i7 gful/ssf
nflu kf6g c:ktfn, cfo'{j]b lzIf0f c:ktfn lq=lj / e/tk'/ c:ktfndf
Hofl/ofl6s jf8{sf] :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 . b]z e/Lsf &% j6} lhNnfxdf
":yflgo:t/sf] hg;+Vof sfo{qmd" cGt{ut !& j6f sfo{qmd ;~rfng eO/x]sf
5g\ . h]i7 gful/s;DaGwL Reference Manual tof/ kfl/Psf], Gender Equity
and Social Inclusion (GESI) cjwf/0fsf af/]df dGqfno / lhNnf tx;Ddsf
sd{rf/L Pj+ :jf:YosdL{xnfO{ tflnd Pj+ cled"vLs/0f ug]{ sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf]
5 . lszf]/ lszf]/L tyf o'jfo'jtL ;j]{If0f, @)!)@)!! ;fj{hlgsLs/0f eO;s]sf]
/ g]kfnsf] hg;+Vof k|ltj]bg g]kfnL / c+u|hLdf k|sfzg ;DkGg eO;s]sf] 5 .
13.58 cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df hg:jf:Yo ;]jf, jftfj/0fLo :jf:Yo, k|hgg :jf:Yo,
jfn :jf:Yo tyf vf]k ;]jf, w'd|kfgsf] c;/, ;g{] tyf g;g{] /f]ux, /f]u ;gf{sf
sf/0f, /f]syfdsf pkfosf af/]df ;"rgfd"ns tyf ;Gb]zfTds ;fdfu|L Pj+ cfd
;~rf/sf dfWodxaf6 ;"rgf k|jfx ug]{ nufotsf sfo{qmdxnfO{ ;d]t
lg/Gt/tf lbOPsf] 5 . ut jif{df ^) k6s l6eL sfo{qmd hLjgrqm k|zf/0fsf],
xfd|f] :jf:Yo ljifodf l6eL sfo{qmd pTkfbg u/L ^) k6s k|zf/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .
!% xhf/ # ;o ^) k6s >Job[Zo dfWodaf6 :jf:Yo;DaGwL lj1fkg, ;"rgf,
lj1lKt, ;Gb]z k|zf/0f ul/Psf], % ;o *% k6s cfdf ;'/Iff sfo{qmdsf]
>Job[Zo5fkf dfWodaf6 lj1fkg k|zf/0f tyf k|j4{g ul/Psf], dxfdf/L /f]syfd
tyf lgoGq0fsf] nflu ljleGg ;~rf/ dfWodaf6 :jf:Yo ;~rf/ sfo{qmd ;~rfng
ul/Psf], cfdf sfo{qmdsf] k'gM k|zf/0f ul/Psf], !! nfv @) xhf/ k|lt :jf:Yo
lzIff ;fdu|L pTkfbg ljt/0f ul/Psf], % ;ok6s ;fd'bflos :jf:Yo k|j4{g
cleofg ;~rfng ul/Psf], @ xhf/ %) hgf ljBfnosf lzIfsxnfO{
:jf:Yo;DaGwL ljifodf cled'vLs/0f tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
13.57

227

;fdflhs ;'/Iff
13.59

;j}nfO{ lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo eGg] cjwf/0ffcg'k pk:jf:Yo rf}sLxaf6 @%,

:jf:Yo rf}sLxaf6 #%, k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb| Pj+ lhNnf c:ktfnaf6 $) k|sf/sf
cf}iflwx lgMz'Ns ljt/0f ug'{sf ;fy} @% z}of;Ddsf lhNnf c:ktfn;/xsf
:jf:Yo ;+:yfxaf6 lgMz'Ns pkrf/ ;]jf, ;j} ;/sf/L :jf:Yo ;+:yfaf6 lgMz'Ns
k|;"lt ;]jf k|bfg ul/b} cfPsf] 5 . ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{qmd cGtu{t ePsf] k|ult
tflnsf g+= !#-ss_ df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf !# -ss_ M ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{qmdsf] k|ult ljj/0f
;\'rsf+s

cfly{s jif{
@)^&^*

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^(

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^(*

cfly{s jif{
@)^(&)*

ljt/0f ul/Psf cf}iflwsf k|sf/

25

25

:jf:Yo rf}sL -k|sf/_

35

35

25

35

k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb| -k|sf/_

42

42

42

42

c:ktfnaf6 jfnfjflnsf, a[4,

nf]kf]Gd'v hflt, dlxnf :jf:Yo
:jo+;]ljsfnfO{ lgMz'Ns pkrf/
cltul/a tyf ul/axsf]
lgMz'Ns pkrf/
ckf\uxsf] lgMz'Ns pkrf/

1807308

17577802

1204872

8521999

42374

10383

a[4 a[4fxsf] lgMz'Ns pkrf/

95368

85407

!% jif{ d'lgsf
afnsflnsfxsf] lgMz'Ns
d'6'/f]usf] zNolqmof;lxtsf]
pkrf/
&% jif{ dflysf h]i7 gful/ssf]
lgMz'Ns d'6'/f]usf]
zNolqmof;lxtsf] pkrf/
cfFvf pkrf/ s]Gb| :yfkgf
lhNnf
%) jif{ dflysf gful/snfO{
lgMz'Ns r:df ljt/0f

595

25

(873)
467622

3089431

(607)
311748

1255797

28249

4019

63579

29953

(561)

(303)

(-75)

(-96)

(-10)
860

(-83)
397

(45)

75

25

598
(61)

210

63

(180)

139
(121)

10

15000

15000

15000

5000

* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .

sf]i7sleqsf] c+sn] ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf ePsf] a[l4 k|ltztnfO{ hgfpFb5 .
;|f]tM :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfno .
228

/fli6o P8\; tyf of}g /f]u lgoGq0f

13.60

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df !) lhNnfsf @ ;o hgfnfO{ AIT Joj:yfkg k|lzIfs

k|lzIf0f tyf tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf], ! ;o *) k6s dlxnf :jo+;]ljsfxnfO{
HIV ;]jf tyf k|]if0faf/] tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf], :jf:YosdL{xnfO{ $ ;d"xdf
PMTCT tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf] ;fy} Pr=cfO=eL=P8\; tyf of}ghGo ;+qmldt
/f]u lj4 r]tgf km}nfpg ljleGg -5fkf / ljB'tLo dfWod_ ;~rf/ dfWodsf]
k|of]u, :jf:YosdL{xnfO{ ;DaGwLt ljifodf tflnd k|bfg, Pr=cfO=eL ;+qmldt
cfdfaf6 jRrfdf Pr=cfO=eL efO/; g;/f];\ eGgfsf nflu lgu/fgL / Pr=cfO=eL=
;+qmldt ePsfxnfO{ PG6LAofS6f]efO/n pkrf/ u/fOPsf] lyof] . To:t}, lgMz'Ns
cf}iflwsf] pknJwtf, # :yfgdf ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t CB PMTCT ;]jf lj:tf/, $
xhf/ @ ;o k6s ARV cf}iflw ;]jg ul//x]sf ;+qmldt tyf PMTCT sfo{qmddf
cfj4 ue{jtL dlxnf / ARV df /x]sf !% jif{ d'lgsf jfnjflnsfxnfO{ kf}li6s
cfxf/ ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . ;fy}, (( k6s ljleGg txsf :jf:YosdL{xnfO{
ljleGg k|sf/sf :jf:Yo;DaGwL cled'vLs/0f tyf tflnd k|bfg, ! ;o !# j6f
ARV Center af6 cf}iflw lat/0f / lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{nodf DACC u7g
u/L HIV/AIDs lgoGq0f;DaGwL laleGg sfo{qmdx ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
o:tf sfo{qmdxnfO{ ljut jif{xdf h:t} cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df klg
lg/Gt/tf lbOPsf] 5 . s}bL aGbLxnfO{ Pr=cfO=eL=P8\; ;DaGwL sDk|Lx]lG;e
sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf], k'if ;dln+luxsf] nflu HIV/AIDs ;DaGwL
sDk|Lx]lG;e sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g'sf ;fy}, k'if ;dln+lu, of}g Joj;foL,
;'Of/f nfu' kbfy{ lng]x, dfOU/]G6;x tyf s}bL aGbLxsf] nflu u}/ ;/sf/L
;+:yf;Fu ;]jf s/f/df lnO{ ;3g pkrf/ sfo{qmd klg ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 .

hgzlQm ljsf;, cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg

13.61

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df cfsl:ds ;]jf, ;'/lIft k|;"lt ;]jf, ue{ktg ;]jf,
kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;]jf, :t/f]Gglt tflnd tyf k'gtf{huL tflnd ;d]t u/L hDdf %
xhf/ @ ;o $# hgf :jf:YosdL{ / % xhf/ hgf dlxnf :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsfxnfO{
cfwf/e"t tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . To;}u/L, @ ;o @% hgf :jf:YosdL{xnfO{
MDR TB Joj:yfkg;DaGwL tflnd lbOPsf], ( k6s ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t
:jf:Yo;DaGwL tflnd, *) hgf :Jff:YosdL{xnfO{ bfFt lgsfNg] cfwf/e"t tflnd,
! k6s gofF tyf k'/fgf sd{rf/LxnfO{ HMIS ;DaGwL tflnd, ^ xhf/ ( ;o !^
k6s ljleGg txsf :jf:YosdL{xnfO{ ljleGg k|sf/sf :jf:Yo ;DaGwL tflnd,
gofF lgo'lQm ePsf ^) hgf Nofa 6]lSgl;ogNofa cl;:6]06nfO{ # xKtfsf]
;]jfsfnLg tflnd *$ hgf :jf:YosdL{xnfO{ k~rsd{of]utYof+s;DaGwL
tflnd, @$ k6s :f'/lIft ue{ktg tflnd, bIf k|;'lt ;]jf tflnd k|fKt @# hgf
:jf:YosdL{xnfO{ k'gtf{hsL tflnd lbOPsf] lyof] . To;}u/L, @ :yfgdf ;'/lIft
k|;"lt ;]jf tflndsf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf; / @ :yfgdf ;'/lIft ue{ktg ;]jfsf] tflnd
229

s]Gb| lj:tf/ ul/Psf] lyof] . lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo sfo{qmd, cfdf ;'/Iff sfo{qmd,
8]+u'/f]u, j8{ n', ;jf/f]u, k/Dk/fut cf}iflw, aLdf sfo{qmd, g;g{] /f]uxsf]
af/]df cg';Gwfg ug]{ sfo{ klg ;~rfng ePsf 5g\ . rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&)
df u|fdL0f 6]lnd]l8l;g sfo{s|d ;DaGwL tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf], r"0f{ cf}ifwL lgdf{0f
af/] cu'jf s[ifsxnfO{ Joj;flos v]tL ;DaGwL tflnd lbOPsf], cf}nf] sfnfhf/
/f]u k|zf/0f ug]{ e]S6/xsf] afgL Joxf]/f cWoog ul/Psf] lyof] . cfGtl/s tyf
jfXo jfo' k|b"if0faf6 :jf:Yodf kfg]{ k|efj ;DaGwL cg';Gwfg ul/Psf] ;'Ts]/L /
>Ldfg\ tyf ;f;' jLr ;'/lIft dft[Tj;DaGwL cGt/ls|of sfo{s|d ;~rfng ul/Psf]
lyof] .

/fli6o hg:jf:Yo k|of]uzfnf

13.62

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ljleGg lhNnfc~rn c:ktfnxdf AofS6f]/f]nf]hL

k|of]uzfnf ;]jfsf] nflu cf}hf/ pks/0f vl/b, ^) hgf gofF lgo'lQm ePsf Nofa
6]lSgl;ogNofa cl;:6]06nfO{ # xKtfsf] ;]jfsfnLg tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf], ! ;o
hgf Kofyfnf]hL ;]jfsf sd{rf/LnfO{ k|of]uzfnf;DaGwL tflnd k|bfg / kfFrj6f
lhNnfdf /St ;~rf/ ;]jf ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf]
kmfNu'g dlxgf;Dddf Nofa 6]lSgl;ogNofa cl;:6]06nfO VCT/STI ;DaGwL
tflnd lbOPsf], Nofa 6]lSgl;ogNofa cl;:6]06sf] nflu !% lbg] dn]l/of
dfO:s|f]lk k'g{tfhls tflnd lbOPsf k|of]uzfnfsf] ;a} zfvfxdf Nofj/f]6f]/Lsf]
lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfng ul/Psf], #% :yfgdf ;/sf/L :jf:Yo ;+:yfxsf]
k|of]uzfnfsf] lg/LIf0f tyf cg'udgsf ;fy} lghL d]l8sn ;]G6/xsf] lg/LIf0f /
:jf:Yo ;+:yfdf sfo{/t Kofyfnf]hL ;]jfsf !#) hgf sd{rf/LxnfO{
u'0f:t/;DaGwL tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf]5 .

cfo'j]{lbs :jf:Yo ;]jf

13.63

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df cfo'j{]lbs, o"gfgL / xf]ldof]KofyL ljlwf/f pkrf/ Pj+

k/fdz{ ug]{ sfo{qmdnfO{ ut jif{ ;/x lg/Gt/tf lbb}+ cfo'j]{b If]qdf cfjZos bIf
hgzlQm pTkfbg Pj+ Ifdtf ljsf; ug]{ p2]Zon] sLlt{k'/df /fli6o cfo'j]{b tflnd
tyf cg';Gwfg s]Gb| :yfkgf u/L sfo{ :f~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . b]ze/ /x]sf @ ;o
(! ;+:yfxaf6 !@ hgfnfO{ k~rsd{of]uf k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;~rfng
ul/Psf], *$ hgf :jf:YosdL{xnfO{ k~rsd{of]uftYof+s ;DaGwL tflnd
lbOPsf] # k6s cfo'j]{b ljz]if1 :jf:Yo lzlj/ :f~rfng ul/Psf], cfo'j]{b
cfrf/;+lxtf tof/ ul/g''sf ;fy} ^ j6f cfo'j]{b :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;DkGg ul/Psf]
lyof] . &% lhNnfsf h]i7 gful/snfO{ lgMz'Ns cfo'j]{lbs :jf:Yo ;]jf k|bfg
ul/Psf] lyof] . l;+xb/af/ j}Bvfgf ljsf; ;ldltdfkm{t s'i7fbL d~hg n]jln /
Kofls ;'wf/ ul/Psf] Rofjgk/f; tyf jflhu/ zlQmsf] Kofls ;'wf/ ul/Psf]
lyof] eg] s]Gb|Lo:t/df xf]ldof]KofyL / o"gfgL ljlwf/f :jf:Yo ;]jf k|bfg eO/x]sf]
5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df ! ;o $% hgfnfO{ cfo'j]{b tyf cfw'lgs
230

lrlsT;f;DaGwL ljleGg k|sf/sf cled'vLs/0f tyf tflnd, !) hgf cfo'{j]b

lrlsT;sxnfO{ cfo'{j]b;DaGwL ljljw tflnd lbOPsf] / slj/fhxnfO{
k~rsd{of]uf;DaGwL tflnd k|bfg ul/g'sf ;fy} k/Dk/fut :jf:YosdL{, wfdL,
fFqmL, nfdf, cfDrL;Fu cfo'j]{b ;]jf jf/]df 5nkmn ul/Psf] lyof] . To:t}, &%
lhNnfdf lhNnf:t/af6 !! k6s lgMz'Ns cfo'j]{b lzlj/ ;~rfng / lhNnfdf
gd"gf hl8j'l6 pBfg ;~rfng ul/g'sf ;fy} ;d'bfodf b]lvg] 9f8 v':sg] Pj+
u'bfhGo /f]usf] nflu sl6:gfg, a:tL tyf of]u;DaGwL ! k6s ljz]if1 lzlj/
;~rfng ul/Psf]sf ;fy} $% lhNnfdf h]i7 gful/snfO{ lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo ;+/If0f,
k|j4{gfTds k~rsd{/;fogof]u;DaGwL tflnd ;d]t k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . g/b]jL
cfo'{j]{b l;lsT;fnoaf6 k~rsd{ ;DaGwL ;]jf lj:tf/ ul/Psf] 5 .

g]kfn d]l8sn sfplG;n

13.64

g]kfn d]l8sn sfplG;n :jf:Yo If]qsf] Ps :jfoQ ;+:yf xf] . o;n] :jb]z tyf
ljb]zaf6 lrlsT;fzf:qdf l8u|Ll8Knf]df u/]sf lrlsT;sxsf] btf{ ug]{,
d'n'sleq vf]lng] gofF d]l8sn8]06n sn]hxsf] :t/ x]/L ;~rfngsf] dfGotf
lbg] / ljBfyL{ egf{sf] :jLs[lt, Go"gtd of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ug]{ h:tf sfo{x ug]{
ub{5 . ;fy}, sfplG;nn] P]g lgod ljkl/t sfo{ ug]{ lrlsT;s tyf\
d]l8sn8]06n sn]hxnfO{ sf/jfxL ug'{sf ;fy} u}/sfg'gL tl/sfn] lrlsT;f
Joj;fo ;~rfng ug]{ sfo{nfO{ klg /f]Sg] sfo{ ub{5 . To;}u/L, lgoldtkdf btf{
k|df0fkq k/LIff (Licensing Exam) ;~rfng, ljleGg vfnsf :jf:Yo tyf
lrlsT;f Joj;fo;Fu ;DaGwLt ph'/Lxdfly 5fgjLg / ljb]zL lrlsT;sxsf]
of]Uotf x]/L c:yfoL btf{ ug]{ nufotsf sfo{x ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .
tflnsf !# -sv_ M btf{sf] k|sf/ / k|lqmof
ljifo
Dental (BDS)
Medical (MBBS)
Medical and Dental

k'if
%)&
&,*!%
*,#@@

dlxnf
&!%
#,%$$
$,@%(

hDdf
!,@@@
!!,#%(
!@,%*!

13.65

@)^( kf}if !^ ;Dd s'n @ xhf/ ( ;o &% hgf ljBfyL{xnfO{ Undergraduate

Eligibility Certificate / ( ;o & hgfnfO{ Post Graduate Eligibility
Certificate k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .

13.66

g]kfn d]l8sn sfplG;naf6 ;g\ @)!! ;Dd dfGotf k|fKt u/]sf d]l8sn
sn]hx dWo] Pd=lj=lj=P;tkm{ ^ j6f, lj=l8=P;= tkm{ @ j6f, Pd=lj=lj=P;= tyf
lk=hL= tkm{ $ j6f, Pd=lj=lj=P;= tyf ljl8P;tkm{ # j6f, Pd=lj=lj=P;, lj=l8=P;
tyf lk=hLtkm{ % j6f / lj=l8=P; tyf lkhL ! j6f sfo{qmdx u/L s'n @! j6f
d]l8sn sn]hx ;~rfndf /x]sf 5g\ .
231

g]kfn d]l8sn sfplG;ndf @)^( k'if !^ ut];Dd @ xhf/ ^ ;o !& hgf ljz]if1
lrlsT;sx btf{ ePsf 5g\ . o;sf] ljj/0f lgDgadf]lhd /x]sf] 5
tflnsf !# -su_ M g]kfn d]l8sn sfplG;ndf btf{ ePsf ljz]if1 lrlsT;sxsf] ljj/0f

13.67

qm=;+=

ljifo

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( kf}if;Ddsf]
hDdf

cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) df
yk ;+Vof

cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) kf}if;Ddsf]
hDdf

k'if dlxnf hDdf k'if dlxnf hDdf k'if dlxnf hDdf

1.

General Practice

97

29

126

16

18

113

31

144

2.

E.N.T .

63

19

82

67

20

87

3.

Psychisatry

43

47

47

53

4.

Anesthesiology

101

37

138

15

108

45

153

5.

Radiology And Imaging

100

16

116

17

19

117

18

135

6.

Pediatrics

154

65

219

11

16

165

70

235

7.

Nephrology

10

8.

Master in Dental Surgery

(MDS)

79

59

138

10

83

65

148

9.

T.B. and Respiratory

10.

Community Medicine/
Public Health

35

15

50

40

19

59

11.

Pharmacology

16

18

17

19

12.

Obs + Gynae

79

162

241

39

46

86

201

287

13.

M.S. (General Surgery)

244

11

255

18

20

262

13

275

14.

Orthopedics

187

188

18

19

205

207

15.

Cardiology

72

77

72

77

16.

Ophthalmology

76

58

134

11

83

62

145

17.

Internal Medicine

231

20

251

23

26

254

23

277

18.

Clinical Pathology

42

44

86

10

15

52

49

101

19.

Dermatology+Venereology

46

27

73

52

29

81

232

qm=;+=

ljifo

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( kf}if;Ddsf]
hDdf

cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) df
yk ;+Vof

cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) kf}if;Ddsf]
hDdf

k'if dlxnf hDdf k'if dlxnf hDdf k'if dlxnf hDdf

20.

Neurology

14

17

18

21

21.

Gastroenterology

14

16

17

19

22.

Urology

17

17

17

17

23.

Surgical Oncology

14

14

15

15

24.

Forensic Medicine

25.

Microbiology

10

14

10

16

26.

Nuclear Medicine

27.

Physiology

28.

Family Medicine

29.

Anatomy

30.

Pulmonology

31.

Hepatology

32.

Biochemistry

33.

Radiotherapy

Total 1761 587 2348 176

93

269 1,937 680

2,617

;|f]t M g]kfn d]l8sn sfplG;n

13.68

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ljz]if1 lrlsT;s tkm{ ! xhf/ & ;o ^! hgf k'if /
% ;o *& hgf dlxnf u/L hDdf @ xhf/ # ;o $* hgf ljz]if1 lrlsT;s
/x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df k'iftkm{ ! ;o &^ / dlxnftkm{ (# hgf u/L
@ ;o @( hgf yk eO{ cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) ;Dd k'if ! xhf/ ( ;o #& /
dlxnf ^ ;o *) u/L hDdf laz]if1 lrlsT;ssf] ;+Vof @ xhf/ ^ ;o !& /x]sf]
5 . g]kfnsf] hg;+Vofsf] t'ngfdf ljz]if1 lrlsT;ssf] ;+Vof lgs} sdL /x]sf]
b]lvG5 .

233

:jf:Yo ;DaGwL sfo{qmd ;~rfngaf6 :jf:y If]qdf k/]sf] k|efj ljZn]if0f

13.69

kl/jf/ lgof]hg, ;'/lIft dft[Tj, afn :jf:Yo, kf]if0f h:tf sfo{qmdxsf]

;sf/fTds k|efjn] ubf{ cfd hgtfsf] cf}ift cfo'df a[l4, hGdb/df qmlds ;'wf/,
dft[ tyf afn d[To'b/df sld cfO{ sfo{zlQmdf a[l4 x'g\'sf ;fy} kfl/jfl/s vr{df
sld cfPsf]n] u|fx:y pTkfbgdf a[l4 x'g uO{ cy{tGqdf ;sf/fTds k|efj kg{ hfg]
s'/fdf ljZj:t x'g ;lsG5 . To;}u/L, :j:y hgzlQm g} cy{tGqsf] d"n cfwf/ xf]
eGg] dfGotfnfO{ cfTd;fy ug'{ kbf{ xfn :jf:Yo If]qdfkm{t\ ul/b} cfPsf] kl/jf/
:jf:Yo, afn :jf:Yonufot cGo cTofjZos :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] lgoldt k|jfxn]
lgZro g} b]zsf] cfly{s ljsf;df k|ToIfck|ToIf of]ubfg k'ofPsf] 5 . u'0f:t/Lo
:jf:Yo hgzlQmsf] pTkfbgsf nflu pgLxsf] Ifdtf ljsf;sf laleGg sfo{qmd
Pj+ ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf;n] ubf{ eljiodf ;d]t b]zsf] cy{tGqsf] ;'b[9Ls/0fdf
;sf/fTds k|efj kfg{] s'/fdf ljZjf; ug{ ;lsG5 . ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{qmd
cGtu{t afn :jf:Yo, ckf\u, h]i7 gful/s, l;dfGts[t / b'u{d If]qdf k'ofPsf]
:jf:Yo ;]jfsf] k|jfx / ;r]tgf sfo{qmdn] ubf{ cfdgful/ssf] JolQmut vr{ sd
x'b} uPsf] v08df ul/aL Go"gLs/0f eO{ cy{tGqsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f ug{df /fd|f] ;xof]u
k'ofpg] b]lvG5 . ;fy}, :jf:Yo If]qdf rflnPsf gLltut Pj+ ;+:yfut Aoj:yfn]
;d]t :jf:Yo If]qdf ;sf/fTds pknlAwx xfl;n ePsf5g\ .

dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf ;dfhsNof0f

13.70

13.71

dlxnf afnaflnsf, h]i7 gful/s tyf ckftf ePsf AolQmxsf ;DaGwdf

g]kfnn] cGt/f{li6o :t/df u/]sf k|ltj4tfxsf] ;kmn sfof{Gjog / dlxnfxsf]
xfnsf] l:yltdf ;'wf/sf] nflu gLltut, ;+:yfut / sfg'gL Joj:yf u/L ljljw
sfo{qmdsf] dfWodaf6 ;'wf/sf k|of;x ePsf 5g\ / oL sfo{qmdn] xfn;Dd
lg/Gt/tf kfO/x]sf 5g\ .
dlxnf ;zlQms/0f, n}ls d"nk|jfxLs/0f / n}ls ;dfgtfsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{
cfTd;ft ub}{ /fli6o ljsf;sf] x/]s If]qdf dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf clej[l4 ug]{,
dlxnf xslxt clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f tyf k|j4{g ug]{, afnaflnsfsf] g};lu{s
clwsf/nfO{ ;+/If0f ug]{ Ho]i7 gful/s, ckftf ePsf JolQmxsf] xslxtnfO{
;'lglZrt ug]{ h:tf p4]Zox xfl;n ug{sf nflu dGqfno / dftxtsf lgsfox
dfkm{t g]kfne/ nfu" x'g] ul/ gLlt, P]g / sfg"gdf cfjZos ;'wf/sf] s|d ;Fu}
cfjlws of]hgf jdf]lhd sfo{qmdx ;~rfng eO{ /x]sf 5g\ . rfn' cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) df dlxnf ;zlQms/0fsf nflu g]kfn k|zf;g ;]jfdf k|j]z ug{
rfxg]dWo] /fhkq t[tLo >]0fLsf] nflu @ ;o hgf dlxnfnfO{ tof/L sIff ;~rfng
ul/Psf] 5 eg] /fhkq cg+lstsf] nflu !% lhNnfdf ^) hgfsf b/n] ( ;o hgf
dlxnfsf nflu tof/L sIff ;~rfng ul/g] sfo{qmd /x]sf] 5 . dlxnf a]rlavg
tyf cf];f/k;f/af6 kLl8tk|efljtxsf nflu * lhNnfdf ;~rflnt k'gM:yfkg
234

13.72

s]Gb|xaf6 ! xhf/ ! ;o !) hgfnfO{ pf/ ul/Psf] 5 . 3/]n' lx+;fkLl8t /

k|efljtsf nflu !% lhNnfdf ;]jf s]Gb|dfkm{t sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 .
dlxnfx ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s cj:yfdf t'ngfTdskdf k5fl8 k/]sf] xfnsf]
l:yltaf6 kf/ kfpg gofF g]kfnsf] :yfkgf ;+u} ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s ;zQmLs/0f
ul/g'kg]{ cfjZostf 68\sf/f]kdf b]lvPsf]n] n}ls ;dfgtfsf] nIf xfl;n ug{
ljleGg gLlt tyf sfo{qmd th'{df u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf 5g\ . dlxnf ljsf;
sfo{qmdcGtu{t k|jl{t ;d"x, ;ldlt, ;+:yf g} sfo{qmdsf d'Vo ;+jfxs x'g\ .
pgLxsf] e"ldsf ;lqmo ;xefuLaf6 ;lqmo ;fem]bf/sf] x}l;otdf a9fpg ljut
b]lv g} ufpF:t/sf tflndnufotsf lqmofsnfk ;~rfng ug]{ lhDd]jf/L dlxnf
;ldlt, ;+:yfnfO{ lbOPsf] 5 . ljs]lGb|t ljsf; k|lqmofdf n}ls d"nk|jfxLs/0fsf
nflu lhNnf tyf uflj;:t/;Dd clwjfrg, cg'lzIf0f, ;~rfnLs/0fnufotdf hf]8
lbOPsf] 5 .

h]i7 gful/s
13.73

Ho]i7 gful/sxsf] plrt x]/rfx, :jf:Yo pkrf/ / /]vb]vsf nflu kfFr} ljsf;
If]qdf slDtdf !! j6f Ho]i7 gful/s x]/rfx s]Gb| / Ho]i7 /fli6o k|ltefsf]
;Ddfg / ;'/Iffsf nflu sf7df8f}+df k'iknfn ;h{s cf>d :yfkgf ug]{ ut jif{sf]
sfo{nfO{ cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df klg lg/Gt/tf lbOPsf] 5 eg] tLg :yfgdf
Ho]i7 gful/s u|fd :yfkgf ug]{ sfo{sf] k|f/De ePsf] 5 . To:t}, /fli6o h]i7
dxf;+3;Fu ;Demf}tf u/L kfFr} ljsf; If]qdf Geriatric Care Giver Training
;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 . s]Gb|df s]Gb|Lo Ho]i7 gful/s ;dGjo ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf]
5 eg] lhNnfdf lhNnf:t/sf] Ho]i7 gful/s ;dGjo ;ldlt u7g k|lqmofsf] ;d]t
yfngL ePsf] 5 .

ckftf ePsf JolQm

13.74

ckftf ePsf JolQmxnfO{ pgLxsf] kl/jf/ / ;d'bfodfg} /xL ;dfhsf] cleGg

csf] kdf clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ ;xh agfpg] pb\b]Zon] :jf:Yo, lzIff hLjg
lgjf{x, ;fdflhsLs/0f / ;zlQms/0f cGtu{tsf ljljw sfo{qmdsf nflu ckftf
;DaGwL sfd ug]{ ;+:yfxdfkm{t ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t k'gM:yfkgf sfo{qmd (CBR)
cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& b]lv &% j6} lhNnfdf lj:tf/ ul/Psf] 5 . ckftfsf]
zf/Ll/s l:ylt x]/L pgLxnfO{ cfjZos kg{] ;xfos pks/0f h:t} ;]tf] 58L,
lJxn r]o/x cg'bfg k|fKt ckf If]qdf sfo{/t tLg ljsf; If]qsf ;+:yfxaf6
ljleGg lhNnfxdf lgMz'Ns ljt/0f ePsf 5g\ eg] ckftf ePsf AolQmxsf]
ef}lts k'xFr tyf ;~rf/ ;]jf lgb]{lzsf, @)^( hf/L ePsf] 5 . ckftf kl/rokq
ljt/0f sfo{nfO{ ;xh t'Nofpg] p2]Zon] ckftfkg klxrfg ug{ ;lhnf] x'g]
lsl;dn] Flip Chart lgdf{0f sfo{ z' ePsf] 5 . ckftf ;DaGwL lawfg /fli6o
235

tyf cGt/f{li6o sfg"g gLlt cg';f/ ;~rflnt sfo{qmd ;]jf ;'ljwf tyf clwsf/
pkof]udf ;xlhs/0f u/fpg] "ckftf ;|f]t k'l:tsf" @)^( k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

afn clwsf/
13.75

13.76

13.77

afnclwsf/sf] ;+/If0f tyf ;'lglZrttfsf ;fy} pgLxsf] ;jf]{kl/ ljsf;sf nflu

;+j}wflgs, sfg'gL, gLltut Pj+ ;+:yfut k|ltj4tf / k|of;x eO/x]sf 5g\ .
cGt/f{li6o k|lta4tfadf]lhd ;+o'Qm /fi6;+3Lo afnclwsf/;DaGwL dxf;lGw,
!(*( sf] cfjlws k|ltj]bg @)!), afnaflnsfsf] a]rljvg, afnj]Zofj[lQ /
afncZnLn lrq0f h:tf afnclwsf/;DaGwL dxf;lGwsf] OR5fwLg cfn]v, @)))
sf] k|f/lDes k|ltj]bg tyf ;z:q Gdf afnaflnsfsf] k|of]u lj4 afnclwsf/
dxf;lGwsf] OR5fwLg cfn]v, @))) sf] k|f/lDes k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L ;+o'Qm
/fi6;+3Lo afnclwsf/ ;DaGwL ;ldltdf k]z ul/Psf] 5
sfg'gL tyf gLltut Joj:yftkm{ afnu[x ;~rfng;DaGwL zt{ tyf dfkb08x,
@)^( :jLs[t u/L nfu' ul/Psf] 5 . afnaflnsf;DaGwL /fli6o gLlt, @)^(
:jLs[t e} nfu' ul/Psf] 5 . afnaflnsfsf lglDt bz jif]{ sfo{of]hgfsf] dWofjlw
d"Nofg u/L ;f] d"Nof+sgsf] cfwf/df kl/dflh{t ul/Psf] sfo{of]hgf :jLs[t e}
nfu' ul/Psf] 5 .
;+:yfut, ;+/rgfut ;+oGqxtkm{ dlxnf ljsf; ljefunfO{ dlxnf tyf
afnaflnsf ljefusf] kdf kl/0ft u/L &% lhNnfdf dlxnf ljsf; clws[tnfO{
afnsNof0f clws[tsf] kdf ;d]t tf]lsPsf] 5 . afn clwsf/ ;+/If0f tyf
k|j4{gsf nflu lbuf] ;/sf/L ;jnLs/0f sfo{qmdnfO{ &% j6} lhNnfdf lj:tf/
ul/Psf] 5 . To:t}, s]Gb|df afnGofo ;dGjo ;ldltsf] u7g ug'{sf ;fy}
afnGofo;DaGwL sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePsf $) lhNnfdf klg afnGofo ;dGjo
;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] 5 eg] o;} ;+:yfsf lhNnf cbfntxdf afn Ohnf; u7g
e} afnGofo;DaGwL sfo{x ;DkGg e}/x]sf 5g\ . South Asia Initiative to End
Violence Against Children (SAIEVAC) :yfkgf u/L :yfoL ;lrjfno
g]kfndf :yfkgf ug]{ k|lqmof ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . x/fPsf afnaflnsfsf]
vf]htnf;sf] nflu sf7df8f}+df 6f]n k|mL g+= !)$ sf] ;'ljwf;lxt afnaflnsf
vf]htnf; tyf ;dGjo s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf eO{ lg/Gt/ ;~rfngdf /x]sf] 5 . o; jif{
! xhf/ % ;o &* hgf afnaflnsf x/fPsf] egL o; s]Gb|df btf{ ePsf]df % ;o
$ hgf afns / # ;o &* hgf aflnsf u/L * ;o *) hgf km]nf k/]sf /
ltgnfO{ kl/jf/df k'gM:yfkgf ug]{ tyf laleGg afnu[xsf] ;+/If0fdf k7fpg] sfd
ePsf] 5 . afnclwsf/ xggsf 36gfnfO{ tTsfn ;Daf]wg u/L cfjZos sf/afxL
ug{sf nflu ;~rflnt x]NknfOg !)(* -6f]n k|mL g+=_ nfO{ ljleGg !# lhNnfdf
lj:tf/ ul/Psf] 5 . lj/f6gu/, ;Kt/L, jL/u~h / a'6jndf ;~rflnt x'Fb} cfPsf
afnsNof0f u[xx lg/Gt/ ;~rflnt eO/x]sf 5g\ eg] l;+xb/af/ kl/;/leq
236

dlxnf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf lzz'xsf lglDt lbjf lzz' :ofxf/ s]Gb| :yfkgf u/L
;~rfngdf cfPsf] 5 .
13.78 o; jif{b]lv ljkb\df k/]sf cgfy, a]jfl/;, c;xfo afnaflnsfsf] ;xof]u Pj+
;+/If0fsf nflu &% lhNnfsf dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{noxdfkm{t lhNnf
sNof0f ;ldltnfO{ lgb]{lzsf ;lxt k|lt lhNnf &% xhf/sf b/n] cg'bfg pknAw
u/fO{Psf] 5 . g]kfnL afnaflnsf ljb]zL gful/snfO{ wd{k'q, wd{k'qL u|x0f ug{ lbg]
Aoj:yfnfO{ Aojl:yt / k|efjsf/L t'NofpFg cGtb]{zLo wd{k'q, wd{k'qL Joj:yfkg
ljsf; ;ldlt u7g cfb]z @)^&, sf] cwLgdf /xL cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) k|yd
cf7 dlxgf;Dddf ljleGg d'nssf ljb]zL gful/sxnfO{ ^ hgf g]kfnL
afnaflnsfxnfO{ wd{k'q, wd{k'qL x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

dlxnf ;zQmLs/0f
13.79

dlxnf ljsf; sfo{qmd cGtu{t n}ls ;dfgtf, dlxnf ;zQmLs/0f Pj+ ;fdflhs
;dfj]zLs/0fsf kIfdf ;fdflhs kl/rfng, nlIft ljkGg dlxnfsf] ;d"x u7g
tyf ;+:yfut ljsf;, cfwf/e"t Pj+ ljifout k|lzIf0fsf dfWodaf6 clesfo{ Agency_ k|j4{g, cfly{s ;zQmLs/0f, lszf]/L ljsf;h:tf lqmofsnfkx
;~rflnt 5g\ . lhNnf:t/df n}ls ;Dks{ lgsfo -Focal Agency_ sf] kdf
/x]sf dlxnf ljsf; sfof{noxaf6 clwjfrg, ;dGjo Pj+ ;~hfnLs/0fsf]
dfWodaf6 ljs]lGb|t ljsf; k|lqmofcg'k If]qut ljifoxdf n}ls d"nk|jfxLs/0f
ug{ pNn]vgLo of]ubfg k'lu/x]sf] 5 . b]zsf &% j6} lhNnf # xhf/ % ;o &)
ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt tyf $! gu/kflnsfxdf dlxnf ljsf; sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog
e}/x]sf] 5 . dlxnf ljsf; sfo{qmddf xfn;Dd ! nfv @# xhf/ % ;o &# ;d"x
cGtu{t & nfv #^ xhf/ $^ ;b:oxsf] k|ToIf ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 . dlxnf
ljsf; sfo{qmd qmdzM b]zsf ;a} uf= lj= ;= xdf la:tf/ ug]{ gLlt cg'k
rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df yk ^^ ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt df o; sfo{qmd nfu'
ug]{ nIo /x]sf] 5 . ;fy}, nlIft dlxnfsf cfly{s lqmofsnfksf] Joj;foLs/0fsf
nflu :yfgLo ;DefJotfsf cfwf/df j:t'ljz]ifsf (Commodity-specific)
Jofj;flos ;d"xxsf] ljsf; Pj+ ;femf pkof]usf ahf/ kx'Fr ;'ljwfxsf]
lj:tf/df k|fyldstf lbOPsf] 5 eg] ljBfnoljd'v lszf]/Lxsf] ax'cfoflds
ljsf;sf nflu hLjgf]kof]uL ;Lk, ;"rgf tyf k/fdz{ ;]jf Pj+ hLljsf]kfh{gsf
PsLs[t lqmofsnfkx ;~rfng ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfOPsf] 5 . lhNnfsf] ;dli6ut
cj:yf emNsg] u/L s]xL lhNnfsf] n}ls ljsf; k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg]{ sfof{/De
ul/Psf] 5 . dlxnf ljsf; sfo{qmdxaf6 k|fKt ePsf s]xL d'Vo d'Vo
pknlAwxnfO{ b]xfosf] tflnsfdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

237

tflnsf !# -s3_ M dlxnf ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] d'Vod'Vo pknlJwx

qm=;=

lqmofsnfksf] gfd

cfly{s jif{

PsfO

@)^^^&

@)^&^*

@)^*^(

75

75

75

2,963

3,360

37

37

18,254

19,507

-gu/ kflnsf
;d]t_

km}nfj6
!=

sfo{qmd ;~rflnt lhNnf

;\Vof

@=

sfo{qmd ;~rflnt ufpF

ljsf; ;ldlt
sfo{qmd ;~rflnt
gu/kflnsf
sfo{qmd ;~rflnt j8f

;\Vof

#=
$=

;\Vof

3,570
41
21362

;\Vof

;+:yfut ljsf;
%=

u7g ePsf dlxnf ;d"x

;\Vof

97240

107,958

1,23,573

^=
^=!
^=@
^=#

;d"xdf ;lDdlnt dlxnf

hgf
hgf
hgf
hgf

5,54,264

653,083

7,36,046

90282

106,369

1,24,516

-!^=@(%_

-!^=@(%_

-!^=(!%_

208809

219,952

2,58,912

-#&=^*%_

-##=^*%_

-#%=!*%_

255173

326,762

3,52,618

blnt
hghflt
cGo

-$^=)$%_ -%)=)#%_

-$&=(!%_

&=

u7g ePsf dlxnf ;ldlt

;\Vof

8,936

5,548

13,116

*=

btf{ ePsf dlxnf ;+:yf

;\Vof

1,245

1,323

1,439

(=

tby{ dlxnf ;+:yf

;\Vof

295

107

229

12,16,233

16,85,708

;|f]t kl/rfng
!)=

dlxnfxsf] ;fd"lxs art

?=-xhf/df_

10,60,263

!!=

hDdf nufgLdf /x]sf]

?=-xhf/df_

9,99,642

?=-xhf/df_
?=-xhf/df_
?=-xhf/df_

1,06,459

1,19,874

1,25,346

1,01,008

1,11,780

1,16,527

5,451

8,094

8,819

!@=
!@=!
!@=@

rfn'sf]if
d"nwg
Jofh

;|f]tM dlxnf, afnsflnsf tyf ;dfh sNof0f dGqfno .

238

14,19,344 15,77,477

13.80

;|f]t kl/rfngtkm{ dlxnfxsf] ;fd'lxs jrt cfly{s jif{ @)^^^& sf] t'ngfdf
cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df !$=&! k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{ ?= ! ca{ @! s/f]8 ^@ nfv
## xhf/ /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df pQm artdf ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf
#*=^) k|ltztn] a[l4 eO{ ?= ! ca{ ^* s/f]8 %& nfv * xhf/ k'Ug uPsf] 5 .

;dfh sNof0f
13.81

u}x| ;/sf/L If]qdf xfn b]vfk/]sf ;d:ofxnfO{ ;do;fk]If / k|efjsf/L 9+uaf6

cufl8 a9fpg jt{dfg ;dfh sNof0f P]g, @)$( nfO{ ;dofg's'n ;+zf]wg,
kl/dfh{g u/L ;dfh ljsf; P]g lgdf{0f ug]{ ut jif{b]lvsf] k|of;nfO{ o; jif{ klg
lg/Gt/tf lbOPsf] 5 . o;af6 ePsf] k|ult ljj/0f b]xfocg';f/ /x]sf] 5 .
tflnsf !# -s_ M ;dfh sNof0f kl/ifb\af6 :jLs[t sfo{qmd

ljj/0f

PsfO{

u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf

cGt/f{li6o u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf
:jLs[t sfo{qmd
:jLs[t /sd
-s_ u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf
-v_ cGt/f{li6o u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf

j6f
j6f
j6f
?=
xhf/df

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( @)^(&)*
417

382

52

48

1001

657

87,79,291

41,67,729

68,85,269

16,29,262

* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .

;|f]tM dlxnf, afnsflnsf tyf ;dfh sNof0f dGqfno .

vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO

vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO, u|fdL0f Pj+ ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL sfo{qmd
13.82

;g\ @)!& ;Dddf ;a}nfO{ :jR5 vfg]kfgL kof{Kt dfqfdf ;'ne 9+un] pknAw
u/fpg] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] nIo / /fli6o tyf ;x;|fAbL ljsf; nIonfO{ dWogh/
/fVb} jftfj/0fLo ;/;kmfO{tkm{ ljleGg sfo{qmdx ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ .
vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO, u|fdL0f Pj+ ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL sfo{qmd cGtu{t ePsf]
k|ult ljj/0f b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .

239

tflnsf !# -sr_ M vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO, u|fdL0f Pj+ ;fgf zx/L vfg]kfgL sfo{qmdsf]
k|ult
qm=
;+=

ljj/0f

OsfO{

vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ cfof]hgf

nfeflGjt ;+Vof
qmdfut cfof]hgfsf ;DkGg ePsf :sLd
nfeflGjt ;+Vof
vfg]kfgL k|zf]wg k|0ffnL ;DkGg
nfeflGjt ;+Vof
aiff{tsf] kfgL ;+sng cfof]hgf
nfeflGjt ;+Vof -ljBfyL{ / ltyf{n';d]t_
v'nf lb;fd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff
-s_ ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt
-v_ gu/kflnsf
-u_ lhNnf

j6f
hgf
j6f
hgf
j6f
hgf
j6f
hgf

#
$
%
^

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( @)^(&)*
114

275000

258

60400

41700

60981

j6f
j6f
j6f

268

287

* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .

;|f]tM zx/L ljsf; dGqfno .

zx/L vfg]kfgL k|0ffnL

13.83

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] pTkfbg a'l4 sfo{qmd cGtu{t eb|k'/, lj/f6gu/, w/fg,
nxfg, hgsk'/, uf}/, sn}of, jL/u+h, x]6f}+8f, e/tk'/, a'6jn / g]kfnu+hdf hDdf
!@ uf]6f 8Lk 6\o'aj]nx lgdf{0f ug]{ nIo /x]sf]df w/fg / hgsk'/ afx]s !)
uf]6f 6\o'aj]n lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg eO{ ! s/f]8 ^) nfv ln6/ kfgL b}lgs pTkfbg
ul/Psf]n] sl/a *# xhf/ hg;+Vof nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ . To;}u/L cfly{s jif{
@)^^^& df lgdf{0f ;' ul/Psf] a'6jn vfg]kfgL ;'b[9Ls/0f cfof]hgfsf] bf];|f]
r/0fsf] sfo{sf] nflu cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd :jLs[t eO{
6]08/ cfXjfg eP klg ljleGg sf/0fn] ;Demf}tf x'g g;ls k'gM rfn' cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) df 6]08/sf] sfo{ ;DkGg eO{ ;fdfg cfk"lt{ sfo{ k|s[ofdf /x]sf] 5 . ;f]
cfof]hgf o;} cfly{s jif{df ;DkGg ug]{ nIo /x]sf]n] b}lgs ! s/f]8 ln6/ kfgL
yk x'g] / s/La &) xhf/ yk hg;+Vof nfeflGjt x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

o'jf tyf v]ns'b

13.84 dGqfnon]

o'jf, v]ns'b tyf :sfp6;DaGwL ljifosf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg, ;j]{If0f,

240

o'jf hgzlQmsf] nflu k|lzIf0f k|bfg ug'{sf ;fy} /fli6o tyf cGt/f{li6o ;DaGwsf]
ljsf; h:tf sfo{qmdxdf cfgf] ;lqmo ;xeflutf hgfpFb} cfPsf] 5 . g]kfn
:sfp6 / /fli6o v]ns'b kl/ifb\\ h:tf lgsfoxsf] ;xof]udf ljleGg
lqmofsnfkx ;~rfng u/L b]zdf of]Uo, cg'zfl;t, k|lzlIft Pjd\ k|lt:kwL{
o'jfx tof/ kf/L /fi6 lgdf{0fdf of]ubfg k'ofpg, o'jf zlQmnfO{ ;d'lrt
kl/rfng Pj+ v]ns'bsf] ljsf;af6 :j:y tyf :k"mt{kdf ltgLxnfO{ b]zsf]
cfly{s, ;fdflhs Pjd\ /fhgLlts txdf g]t[TjbfoL e"ldsfsf nflu tof/ kfg{
dGqfno lqmoflzn /x]sf] 5 . To:t}, dGqfnon] ljutsf sfo{qmdxnfO{ klg
lg/Gt/tf lbFb} kl/jlt{t ;Gbe{df b]xfoadf]lhdsf gofF sfo{qmdxsf] th'{df Pj+
;~rfng ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 .

/fli6o o'jf kl/rfng

13.85

/fli6o o'jf gLlt @)^^ n] to u/]sf gLltsf] cfwf/df !* ljifodWo] s'g} ( ljifo
If]qxdf of] sfo{qmd ;~rfng e}/x]sf] 5 . s[lif, n}\uLs lx+;flj hgr]tgf
sfo{qmd tyf ;Lkd"ns tflnd, pBdlzntf / /f]huf/L ljifoIf]qnfO{ k|fyldstf
lbO{ ( j6f ljifoIf]qleq ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{ u/L o'jfsf] nflu ;zlQms/0f tyf Ifdtf
clea[l h:tf sfo{qmdx ;~rfng u/L /fi6lgdf0f{df o'jfxnfO{ ;lqmo kdf
;xefuL u/fpg] p2]Zo cg'k of] sfo{qmd ljut jif{xb]lv g} ;~rfng x'b}
cfPsf] 5 . o; sfo{qmd cGtu{tsf] :yfgLo o'jf ;fem]bf/L sfo{qmd &% j6} lhNnf
ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{nodfkm{t ;~rfng x'b} cfPsf] 5 . &% j6} lhNnf ljsf;
;ldltsf sfof{nodfkm{t k|lt sfo{qmd ?= ^* xhf/ k|bfg u/L tf]lsPsf If]qxdf
oL sfo{qmdx ;~rflnt 5g\ . lkIfLo ;Demf}tfg';f/sf] o'jf cg'ej cfbfg
k|bfgsf] nflu k|f/lDes r/0fdf sfo{ ;' e} lrgLFof o'jf k|ltlglwd08nnfO{ ;g\
@)!# sf] d]h'g dlxgfdf e|d0f ug{ k//fi6 dGqfnodfkm{t cfdGq0f ul/Psf] 5 .
o'jf ;"rgf s]Gb| ;~rfng tyf ;'b[9Ls/0f sfo{qmd cGt{ut !! j6f o'jf ;"rgf
s]Gb|xnfO{ cGt{/fli6o u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfxsf] ;xof]udf gd'gf o'jf ;"rgf
s]Gb|sf] kdf ljsf; u/L ;~rfngdf NofOPsf] 5 . o'jf;DaGwL pkof]uL ;"rgf
k|jfx ug{sf nflu /]l8of] g]kfnaf6 k|To]s xKtfsf] d+unaf/ laxfg *M!% b]lv
*M$) ;Dd o'jf;DaGwL /]l8of] sfo{qmd ;~rfng e}/x]sf] 5 . o'jf kl/rfngtkm{sf]
sfo{qmdsf] k|ult ljj/0f b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] 5 .

241

tflnsf !# -s5_ M o'jf kl/rfng tkm{sf] cfly{s jif{ cg';f/sf] sfo{qmdsf] k|ult ljj/0f
qm ;+
lqmofsnfk
PsfO{ @)^&^* @)^*^( @)^(&)*
-s_ o'jf kl/rfng tkm{
!
/fli6o o'jf kl/ifb\\ :yfkgf /
j6f

;rfng
@
!* If]qdf o'jf ;fem]bf/L sfo{qmd
s]Gb| ;+Vof
!$(
!()

lhNnf ;+Vof
$%)
$%)

#
o'jf ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] Ifdtf
s]Gb|

clea[l4sf nflu cWoog,

cg';Gwfg tyf sfo{of]hgf lgdf{0f
/ o'jf kl/ifb\ law]os kl/dfh{g
;d]t
$
o'jfsf If]qdf sfo{/t cGt/f{li6o
k6s

tyf /fli6o ;+:yfx tyf o''jf

cj:yfsf] Profile tof/L;DaGwL
sfo{qmd
%
cGQ/fli6o o'jf lba;
k6s
!
!
!
^
lkIfLo ;Demf}tf cGtu{t
hgf
#)
((

;~rfng x'g]
-s_ o'jf cg'ej cfbfg k|bfg
sfo{qmdxdxf]T;adf ;xeflutf
k|f/lDes sfo{
v_ cfGtl/s o'jf cfbfgk|bfg
hgf
$)
@%
;DkGg
sfo{qmd
&
o'jf ;Dks{ ljGb'xsf] sfo{zfnf
k6s

@
!
uf]i7L
lhNnf
*
o'jf ;"rgf s]Gb|x
#%
&%
&%
(
o'jf a'n]l6gdGqfnosf] ultljlw
k6s
!
!

k|sfzg
v o'jf ;zlQms/0f tyf Ifdtf clej[l4 sfo{qmd
! /fhgLlts o'jf ;Fu7gxsf] Ifdtf
If]q

clea[l4 sfo{qmd
@ j]/f]huf/ o'jfxnfO{ ;Lkd"ns
hgf

tflnd
# o'jf k|ltef;Ddfg tyf ;xof]u
k6s

!
242

qm ;+
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
!!
!@
!#
!$

lqmofsnfk
sfo{qmd
o'jf ;~rf/ /]l8of] sfo{qmd
o'jf ;flxTo k|ltof]lutf
o'jf pQ/bfoL ah]6sf] vfsf lgdf{0f
dGqfnosf] O&M ;e]{ sfo{qmd
o'jf ljBfyL{ /fli6o;Dd]ng sfo{qmd
o'jf hfu/0f cleofg l6=eL= k|;f/0f
;fem]bf/L sfo{qmdsf] k|efj
d"Nof+sg
o'jf ;lDdlnt ;|f]t klxrfg ;ldlt
lgdf{0f
/fli6o o'jf sfo{gLlt lgdf{0f
k|fyldstf / ljz]if k|fyldstfsf
o'jfsf nflu Ifdtf ljsf; tflnd
sfo{qmd
o'jf ;"rgf s]Gb| ;~rfng;DaGwL
lgb]{lzsf kl/dfh{g tyf TOR
lgdf{0f / cled'vLs/0f uf]i7L tyf
dGqfnosf] nflu ;km\6j]o/ vl/b

PsfO{

@)^&^*

k6s
k6s
k6s
k6s
k6s
k6s
k6s

!
!
!

%
!
!

k6s

k6s
k6s

@)^*^(

@)^(&)*

* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .

;|f]t M o'jf tyf v]ns'b dGqfno

v]ns'b tyf cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk

13.86

v]ns'b ljsf;sf nflu k|f/lDes ynf]sf] kdf /x]sf ljBfnoxnfO{ s]Gb|laGb'

agfO{ k|ltefsf] vf]hL, klxrfg, ;Ddfg / ;+/If0f ug]{ p2]Zon] lhNnf, If]q /
s]Gb|:t/Lo /fi6klt /lg l;N8 k|ltof]lutf -Pyn]l6S; / elnan_ tyf df= lj=
:t/Lo 5fq5fqf km'6an / lqms]6 k|ltof]uLtfx ;~rfng x'b} cfO{/x]sf 5g\ .
km/s Ifdtf ePsf JolQmxsf nflu kf/f cf]nlDks / :k]zn v]ns'b k|ltof]lutf
;~rfng / v]ns'bsf] If]qdf ljz]if k|ltef b]vfpg] v]nf8LxnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/b}
cfPsf] 5 . v]nf8L / k|lzIfsxnfO{ k|ltjlGwt cf}iflw ;]jg lj4sf] ;r]tgf
sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf NofOPsf] 5 . g]kfn :sfp6n] lrtjgsf] l6sf}nLdf ljz]if
dxTjsf ;fy bf]>f] /fli6o hDaf]/L sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ug{ nfu]sf] 5 . o;
sfo{qmdsf] k|ult ljj/0f b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] 5
243

tflnsf !# -sh_ M v]ns'b tyf cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk;DaGwL k|ult ljj/0f

qm=;+=
!=
!=!
!=@
!=#
@=
@=!
@=@
@=#
@=$
@=%

@=^
#=

PsfO{

lqmofsnfk

cfly{s jif{
@)^&^* @)^*^( @)^&&)*

ljBfno v]ns'b ljsf; sfo{qmdk|ltof]lutf -5fq5fqf_

/fi6klt /lg lzN8 -Pyn]l6S; / elnjn _
lhNnf :t/Lo
lhNnf
%^
If]q :t/Lo
If]q
%
s]Gb| :t/Lo
s]Gb|
!
v]ns'b ljsf; sfo{qmdk|ltof]lutf
df= lj= :t/Lo 5fq5fqf km'6an
k6s
!
k|ltof]lutf
df= lj= :t/Lo 5fq5fqf lqms]6
k|ltof]lutf
5fqf elnan k|ltof]lutf, kf]v/f
ljBfno v]ns'b lzIfs tflnd tyf v]n
;fdu|L ;xof]u
kf/f v]ns'b ;xof]u sfo{qmd
-kf/f cf]nlDks, g]qlxg lqms]6, alx/f
lqms]6 / ckf+u km'6an, Pyn]l6S;,
af:s]6an / 6]an6]lg; ;lxt_
:k];n cf]nlDks sfo{qmd

^*
%
!

##

k6s

k6s
hgf

!@(

!
($

%&

s]Gb|

s]Gb|

s]Gb|
s]Gb|

!
!

!
!

s]Gb|

k6s

v]bs'b ljsf; tyf tflnd sfo{qmd

#=! v]ns'b ;DaGwL /fli6o k|ltef ;Ddfg
#=@ dGqfnoaf6 cGt/f{li6o v]ns'bdf cWoog
Pjd\ ;xeflutf
#=# g]kfn :sfp6sf] bf>f] /fli6o HofDaf]/L
sfo{qmd
#=$ g]kfn :sfp6 ;~rfng cg'bfg
* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .
;|f]t M o'jf tyf v]ns'b dGqfno

/fli6o v]ns'b kl/ifb\

13.87

kl/ifb\\n] :jf:Yosf nflu v]ns'b, /fi6sf nflu v]ns'b eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy
v]ns'b k|ltof]lutfx ;~rfngsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ef}lts k"jf{wf/xsf] lgdf{0f
tyf dd{t ;Def/sf] sfo{, /fli6o Pj+d cGt/f{li6o v]ns'b k|ltof]lutfxsf]
244

;~rfng tyf v]nf8LxnfO{ k|lzIf0f lbO{ v]ndf ;xefuL u/fpg'sf ;fy}

ltgLxsf] aLdf, cfhLjg eQf, b'3{6gf h:tf pkrf/df ;xof]u k'ofpg] h:tf
sfo{qmd ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .
13.88 cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df v]ns'b k|lti7fgdf !@) hgfnfO{ tflnd ;+rfng,
k|lzIfs kl/rfng tyf cg'udg !%) hgf, v]nf8L pkrf/ tyf cfsl:ds b'3{6gf
;xof]u !% hgfnfO{ / v]ns'b d}bfg lgdf{0f &$ j6f ul/Psf]df cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dddf v]ns'b k|lti7fgdf *!* hgfnfO{ tflnd
;+rfng, k|lzIfs kl/rfng tyf cg'udg @) hgf, v]nf8L pkrf/ tyf cfsl:ds
b'3{6gfdf ;xof]u & hgfnfO{ ul/Psf] 5 .

;+:s[lt
;+:s[ltsf dfWodaf6 g]kfnsf ef}lts tyf cef}ltskdf /x]sf P]ltxfl;s, wfld{s
Pj+ ;f+:s[lts ;DkbfxnfO{ ljZj ;fd' kl/lrt u/fpg] gLlt cjnDjg ul/Psf]
5 . b]zdf /x]sf d"t{ tyf cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfxsf] ;+/If0f tyf ;Da{gdfkm{t
g]kfnnfO{ ljZj;fd' kl/lrt u/fpg ljleGg sfo{qmdx ;~rfng x'b} cfPsf 5g\ .
d'n'sleq /x]sf ef}lts / cef}lts ;Dkbfx ;+/If0f / k|j{4g ub}{ ;+f:s[lts
ko{6g (Cultural Tourism) sf] ljsf; u/L To:tf P]ltxfl;s, wfld{s tyf
;fF:s[lts ;Dkbf:ynxsf] cjnf]sgaf6 k|fKt x'g] cfon] b]zsf] cfly{s ljsf;
Pj+ :yfgLo afl;Gbfxsf] cfly{s:t/ p7fpg ;d]t d2t k'Ug hfg] x'gfn] tL
If]qxsf] ljsf;df Wofg lbg h/L ePsf] 5 .
13.90 d'n'sdf /x]sf ljljw hfthflt, efiffefifL, wd{, snf, ;+:s[lt, Oltxf; Pj+
P]ltxfl;s w/f]x/xsf] ;+/If0f / ljsf; ug{ ef}lts ;Dkbfxsf] ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g
tyf cef}lts ;Dkbfxsf] ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g / lg/Gt/tfnufot wfld{s :ynxsf]
PsLs[t ljsf;, k'/fQflTjs :ynxsf] pTvgg\ Pj+ ;+/If0f ul/g' h/L 5 . To:t},
k'/fQflTjs j:t'xsf] k|bz{gL, ljleGg hfthflt Pj+ ;fd'bfosf nf]k eO;s]sf /
nf]kf]Gd'v ;fdu|Lxsf] ;+/If0f Pj+ ;Dj4{g u/L To:tf 1fg Pj+ ;Lkxsf]
hgdfg;df hfgsf/L u/fpg / ko{6sxnfO{ To;tkm{ cfslif{t u/fpg ;Sg'df g}
cfly{s ljsf;sf k|r'/ ;Defjgfx /x]sf x'G5g\ . ;du| ef}lts Pj+ cef}lts
;Dkbfxsf] ;+:yfut ljsf;sf nflu /fli6o ;+:s[lt gLlt, @)^& hf/L ul/g'sf
;fy} cef}lts ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbf kl/ifb\\sf] u7g u/L d'n'se/L 5l/P/ /x]sf !)#
eGbf a9L efiffefifL / ! ;o @% hfltxsf] cef}lts ;Dkbfxsf] ;+/If0f gLlt
th'{df u/L tL ;Dkbfxsf] ljsf; ug]{ p2]Zon] sfg'gL Joj:yf Pj+ cfly{s ;|f]t
pknAw u/fpg] sfo{ x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^&^*, @)^*^( /
@)^(&) df ;~rflnt ;+:s[lt k|j4{g, k'/fQflTjs :yn ;'wf/ / ljZj ;Dkbf
;+/If0f cfof]hgf h:tf sfo{qmdx nIocg';f/ k|ult xfl;n eO/x]sf] 5 . h;sf
sf/0f ljleGg hfltxsf] ljrdf ;b\efj / cfTduf}/jnfO{ clej[l4 ug]{ ck]Iff
ul/Psf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) df ;+:s[lt, ko{6gtkm{ ;~rflnt laleGg
13.89

245

sfo{qmdxaf6 ePsf] wfld{s, k'/ftflTjs, P]ltxfl;s Pj+ ;fF:s[lts sfo{qmdxdf

ul/Psf] vr{af6 b]zsf ljleGg If]qdf /x]sf wfld{s, ;fF:s[lts Pj+ ko{6sLo
:ynxdf :jb]zL Pj+ ljb]zL ko{6sxsf] cfudgdf pNn]Vo a[l ePsf] 5 . ;fy}
nf]kf]Gd'v tyf ;LdfGts[t hfltxsf] n's]/ /x]sf] ;fF:s[lts k/Dk/fn] k|:km'6g x'g]
df}sf kfPsf] 5 .

:yfgLo lgsfoaf6 ;fdflhs ljsf;tkm{ ePsf sfo{x

13.91

;dfhsf h]i7 gful/s, Psn dlxnf, blnt ju{, nf]kf]Gd'v cflbjf;L hghflt Pj+
czQm ckftf ePsf gful/sxsf] ;fdflhs ;'/Iff;DaGwL Joj:yfnfO{ ;'lglZrt
ug{ tyf ;xh hLjgofkgsf nflu ;xof]u k'ofpg] nIo lnO{ ;fdflhs ljsf;sf
lgDg sfo{qmdx ;~rflnt 5g\

k~hLs/0f sfo{qmd
13.92

ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{no / gu/kflnsfsf] j8f sfof{nosf :yfgLo

k~hLsflwsf/Lsf] sfof{no dfkm{t, hGd, d[To', ljjfx, ;DaGw ljR5]b / j;fO{
;/fOsf JolQmut 36gfx kl~hs[t ul/g] sfo{ x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . JolQmut 36gf
btf{ sfo{qmdnfO{ k|efjsf/L jgfpg / ;j{;fwf/0f gful/snfO{ ;/n / ;xh
lsl;dn] JolQmut 36gf btf{sf k|df0fkqx pknAw u/fpg] p2]Zo cg'k
:yfgLo lgsfojf6 g} g]kfnL / c+u|]hL, b'j} efiffdf k|df0fkq pknAw u/fpg, hGd,
d[To' tyf cGo JolQmut 36gf btf{ ;DjGwL cg";'rL kmf/fdx ;+zf]wg u/L
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) jf6 b'j} efiffdf k|df0fkq lbg] sfo{sf] k|f/De ul/Psf] 5 .
JFPR Capacity Building for the Promotion of Legal Identity among the
Poor in Nepal sfo{qmd Onfd, emfkf, sf7df08f}, nlntk'/, eQmk'/, d':tf,

kfNkf, kGb]xL, bf / s}nfnL lhNnfdf ;~rfngdf /x]sf] / klZrdf~rn If]qsf #

lhNnf -d':tf, kfNkf / kGb]xL_ sf] ;xeflutf JolQmut 36gf btf{ k|0ffnL /
JolQmut 36gf ;Fu ;DaGwLt tYof+ssf] k|efjsf/Ltf ;DaGwdf Rapid /
Comprehensive Assessment sf] sfo{ ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 . JolQmut 36gf btf{
;DaGwL clen]vnfO{ Computerize ul/ Jojl:yt ug{ Vital Events
Registration System Software (VERS Software) sf] lgdf{0f u/L df]/,
;'g;/L, eQmk'/, sf7df08f}, dsjfgk'/, sfe|], aFfs] lhNnfsf s]xL ufpF ljsf;
;ldltxdf Software Installation sf] sfo{ k|f/De ul/ ;]jf pknAw u/fOPsf]
5 . JolQmut 36gf btf{nfO{ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{qmd;Fu cBfjlws ug]{ sfo{nfO{
lg/Gt/tf lbO{ cfOPsf] 5 . lj=;+= @)^* sf] / cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd
cf7 dlxgf;Ddsf] JolQmut 36gf btf{sf ljj/0f b]xfosf] tflnsfdf k|:t't
ul/Psf] 5 .

246

tflnsf !# -sem_ M JolQmut 36gf btf{ ;DaGwL ljj/0f tflnsf

qm=;+=

JolQmut 36gf

hGd btf{

d[To' btf{

#
$
%
^

ljjfx btf{
;DaGw ljR5]b btf{
Af;fO ;/fO btf{
Jf;fO ;/L uPsf] ;+Vof
Af;fO ;/L cfPsf] ;+Vof
a;fO ;/fO{ ug]{ hDdf ;+Vof

ljj/0f

lj=;+= @)^*

dlxnf
Kf'if
hDdf
Dlxnf
Kf'if
hDdf

@^%@)!
#(#%#*
^^@@##
#$%)!
*^$$&
!@!*$(
!*)!#!
#%!
(!*@%
!%&!#(
!&)*(#
#@**(%

cfly{s jif{
@)^(&)*
@$(#*
@^$(@
%!@#)
@#*$
#*!*
^@)@
!!^*#
#%
#(((
^*!@
*#))
!%!!@

*k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .

;|f]tM ;+\3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno
gf]6M hGd, d[To'sf] btf{df sltko lhNnfjf6 dlxnf / k'ifsf] ;+Vof g5'6\ofO{ Psd'i6 k|fKt x'g] x'Fbf hDdfdf
km/s b]lvPsf] .
13.93

ljqmd ;Dat @)^* df hGdbtf{ u/fpg]sf] ;+Vof ^ nfv ^@ xhf/ @ ;o ##

/x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dddf pQm ;+Vof %! xhf/ @
;o #) /x]sf] 5 . o;}u/L d[To'btf{ u/fpg]sf] ;+Vof ljqmd ;Dat @)^* df !
nfv @! xhf/ * ;o $( /x]sf]df rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Dddf
pQm ;+Vof ^ xhf/ @ ;o @ dfq /x]sf] 5 .

;fdflhs ;'/Iff -h]i7 gful/s, czQm, ckf\u nf]kf]Gd'v hflt tyf Psn
dlxnf ;'/Iff Joj:yf_
13.94

;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{qmd cGt{ut &) jif{ eGbf dflysf ;a} gful/s / ^) jif{
dflysf ;a} blnt ju{sf gful/s, s0ff{nL c~rnsf ^) jif{ dflysf ;a} gful/s,
^) jif{ dflysf ;a} Psn dlxnf, ^) jif{ d'lgsf ljwjf -Psn_ dlxnf, nf]kf]Gd'v
cflbjf;Lhghfltdf kg]{ ;a} ;d"x, -s';'08f, jgsl/of, /fp6], ;'/]n, xfo', /fhL,
ls;fg, n]Krf, d]r], s'zjl8of_ ;a} k"0f{ czQm ckftf ePsf JolQm, sf]6f
cGtu{t k/]sf ^ xhf/ * ;o &% hgf cf+lzs ckf\utf ePsf JolQm tyf
afn;+/If0f cg'bfg cGt{ut % jif{ d'lgsf blnt afnaflnsf tyf s0ff{nL c~rnsf
247

% jif{ d'lgsf ;Dk"0f{ afnaflnsfxnfO{ tf]lsP adf]lhd dfl;s eQf ljt/0f ul/Fb}
cfOPsf] 5 . ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf ljt/0f k|0ffnLnfO{ ;/n, ;xh / kf/bzL{
agfpg cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* b]lv kfOn6 sfo{qmdsf] kdf ;~rflnt !)
lhNnfsf %% j6f ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt / gu/kflnsfaf6 x'g] ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf
ljt/0fnfO{ a}+ls k|0ffnLdf cfa4 ul/Psf]df To;af6 k|fKt glthf / k[i7kf]if0f
pT;fxhgs b]lvPsf]n] rfn' cfly{s jif{b]lv b]zel/sf %* j6} gu/kflnsf /
;b/d'sfd ePsf ;a} ufpF ljsf; ;ldltaf6 ljt/0f ul/g] eQfnfO{ a}+ls
k|0ffnLdf cfa4 ul/Psf] 5 . /fp6]nfO{ dfq dfl;s ?= Ps xhf/ k|bfg ul/Fb}
cfPsf]df ut cfly{s jif{b]lv nf]kf]Gd'v cflbjf;Lhghfltsf ;a} ;d"xnfO{ dfl;s
?= Ps xhf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQfj[lQcg'bfgnfO{ Jojl:yt
ug{ / a}ls k|0ffnL dfkm{t ;dflhs ;'/Iff eQf ljt/0fnfO{ k|efjsf/L jgfpb}
n}hfgsf] nflu ;fdflhs ;'/Iff ;~rfng sfo{ljlw, @)^( :jLs[t u/L nfu'
ul/;lsPsf] 5 . To;}u/L zfvf /lxt a}ls k|0ffnL dfkm{t\ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf
ljt/0f ug]{ sfo{sf] k|lqmof z' eO{;s]sf] 5, h;n] a}+sf zfvf gePsf b'u{d
ufpFxdf ;d]t a}ls k|0ffnL dfkm{t /sd ljt/0f ug]{ sfo{nfO{ ;xh t'Nofpg]
5.
tflnsf !# -s`_ M ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{qmd cGtu{t eQf jf j[lQ ljj/0f
nlIft ;d"x

h]i7 gful/s
h]i7 gful/s -blnt_
h]i7 gful/s -s0ff{nL_
^) jif{ dflysf Psn
dlxnf
^) jif{ d'lgsf Psn dlxnf
-ljwjf_
k'0f{ ckftf ePsf JolQm
cflz+s ckftf ePsf
JolQm
nf]kf]Gd'v
cflbjf;LhghftL
afnaflnsf
s'n hDdf

dfl;s
b/ -?=_

@)^&^*
;+Vof

;+Vof

;+Vof

500

635938

605021

663693

500

125819

130917

170825

500

30758

14056

29626

500

319781

258113

361350

500

536312

219933

1000

16202

18252

22138

300

6850

6875

6774

1000

19681

19299

18828

200

409105

458135

551916

1564134

2046980

2045083

*k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] .

;|f]tM ;+\3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno

248

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^(

@)^(&)*

;dfj]zL ljsf;
13.95

;dfj]zL ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ff cg'k cflbjf;Lhghflt, pk]lIft, plTkl8t /

blnt, dw]zL, d'lZnd, lk58f ju{sf cltl/Qm b'u{d Pj+ ljz]if If]q, u'Daf Joj:yf
ljsf; sfo{qmd / dlxnf tyf afnaflnsfsf nflu ljs]lGb|t sfo{of]hgf h:tf
sfo{qmdx ;Grfngdf NofOPsf] 5 . o;}u/L dlxnfsf] ljsf; ljgf /fHosf] ;du|
ljsf; x'g g;Sg] ePsf]n] x/]s of]hgf tyf sfo{qmddf dlxnfd}qL / n}ls
;dfgtfd'vL sfo{qmdxnfO{ clgjfo{ ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf] lglDt :yfgLo:t/df
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltnfO{ ;dfj]zL ljsf;sf] ;Dks{ ljGb'sf] kdf :yflkt ug{
cfjZos gLltut Pj+ ;+:yfut ljsf;sf k|of;x eO/x]sf 5g\ .

nf]kf]Gd'v cflbjf;Lhghflt pTyfg / r]kf ljsf;

13.96

b]zsf ljleGg ef}uflns :yfgdf a;f]af; ug]{ cflbjf;L hghflt tyf r]kf\
hfltsf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s, ;fF:s[lts tyf z}lIfs ljsf; Pj+ pTyfg u/L
pgLxnfO{ /fli6o ljsf;sf] d"nwf/df ;xefuL u/fpg] p2]Zon] cfly{s jif{
@)%#%$ b]lv s]Gb|b]lv :yfgLo :t/df ljljw sfo{qmdx ;~rfng x'Fb} cfPsf]
5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ! ;o *@ hgfnfO{ cfw'lgs t/sf/L v]tL,
kqsfl/tf, 8sdL{, ljB't pks/0f dd{t tflnd lbOPsf] 5 . o;}u/L, $ ;o $$
hgf ljBfyL{xnfO{ 5fqj[lQ k|bfg, @ ;o *) hgf ckf o'jfxdf /f]huf/d"ns,
r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd ;~rfng, $* j6f hftLo ;+3;+:yf dfkm{t r]tgfd"ns
sfo{qmd ;~rfng, @ xhf/ dlxnfx ;zQmLs/0f sfo{qmdaf6 nfeflGjt ;fy} ^
j6f lhNnfxdf r]kf ljsf; sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePsf lyP . cfly{s jif{
@)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf @$ j6f cflbjf;L hghfltxsf] ;fF:s[lts
;Dkbfx ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{g sfo{qmd, #% j6f ;+:yfaf6 ;~rflnt r]tgfd"ns
sfo{qmdaf6 ! xhf/ hgf nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ eg] dlxnf ;zQmLs/0f sfo{qmdn]
! xhf/ hgf dlxnfxdf n}+lus lx+;f tyf xs clwsf/ k|lt hfus u/]sf 5g\ .
#) j6f o'jf ;+:yfaf6 o'jfxdf ;r]tgf tyf /f]huf/d"ns sfo{qmd ;~rfng
ePsf] 5 eg] & j6f ckf pTyfg sfo{qmd ;DkGg / s]lGb|o hftLo ;+:yfxsf]
sfof{no ;~rfngdf ;xof]u k'u]sf] 5 .

pk]lIft, pTkLl8t / blnt ju{ pTyfg

13.97

;fdflhs Pj+ cfly{skn] cToGt} lk5l8Psf] cj:yfdf /x]sf] blnt ;d'bfosf]

;du| ljsf; u/L pgLxnfO{ ljsf;sf] d"n k|jfxdf Nofpg @)%$ b]lv of]
sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf cfPsf] xf] . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ^ ;o @) hgfnfO{
pRr lzIff 5fqj[lQ, % j6f lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;~rfng, % j6f vfg]kfgL
of]hgf lgdf{0f, & j6f /f]huf/d'ns tflnd sfo{qmd ;~rfng tyf @ ;o hgfnfO{
nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] tof/L sIff ;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&)
sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf #^ k6s /]l8of] g]kfnaf6 r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd blntsf
249

cfjfh ;~rfng ul/Psf], h]xGbf/ ljBfyL{ k'/:sf/ @$ hgf / $ ;o &) hgfnfO{

5fqj[lQ ljt/0f ul/Psf], ! ;o ^* hgfnfO{ nf]s;]jf cfof]u tof/L sIffdf
;xefuL u/fOPsf] tyf #^ hgfnfO{ l;nfO{ s6fO{ ;DjGwL tflnd lbOPsf] 5 .

lk5l8Psf] ;d'bfo pTyfg ljsf;

13.98

dw]zL, d'l:nd Pj+ k5fl8 k/]sf ju{ / cGo cNk;+Vosxsf] lxt cg's'n gLlt
lgdf{0f u/L pgLxsf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts l:yltdf ;'wf/ ug]{ x]t'n]
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cfg} >f]tdf cfly{s jif{ @)^$^% b]lv @^ lhNnfdf of]
sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf cfPsf] xf] . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df sfo{zfnf uf]i7L # j6f
;DkGg ul/Psf lyP eg] lk58f ju{ pTyfg sfo{qmd # / d'l:nd ju{ pTyfg
sfo{qmd ! j6f ul/Psf lyP . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf klg
! j6f sfo{zfnf uf]i7L, ! j6f lk58f ju{ Psn dlxnf pTyfg sfo{qmd ;DkGg
x'g'sf ;fy} @ ;o % hgf h]i7 gful/sxnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] 5 .

/fli6o blnt cfof]u

13.99

blntxsf] xs lxt ;+/If0f / ;du| ljsf;sf] nflu u7g ePsf] /fli6o blnt
cfof]un] d'VotM blnt ;DjGwL gLlt lgdf{0f ug]{, blntxsf] k/Dk/fut ;Lksf]
cWoog ug]{ e"ldxLg blntsf] tYof+s ;+sng Pj+ ljZn]if0f ug]{, ;fdflhs hfu/0f
/ Gofo ;DjGwL sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{, blnt ;DjGwL sfo{qmdxsf] ;dGjo /
;+of]hg ug]{ tyf blnt tYof+s ;|f]t s]Gb|sf] ljsf; ug]{ h:tf sfo{x @)%* ;fn
b]lv ub}{ cfPs]f 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ;]jfk|bfosnfO{ blnt d}qL agfpg
Ps j6f cled"vLs/0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf], blnt ;"rgf s]Gb| k|j4{g ul/Psf],
blnt ;jfndf ljleGg ;/sf/L lgsfo, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf;Fu ;dGjosf nflu
5nkmn tyf cGt/lqmof ul/Psf] lyof] eg] cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7
dlxgfdf hftLo e]befj tyf 5'jf5't ;DaGwL cGt/lqmof tyf 5nkmn sfo{qmd
!& j6f, blnt ;d'bfosf] k/Dk/fut k]zf ;+/If0f / cfw'lgsLs/0f ug]{ ;DaGwL
sfo{qmd % j6f / ;d:ofu|:t cGt/hftLo hf]l8nfO{ P]gaf6 ;+/If0f / k|f/lDes
;xof]u sfo{qmd % j6f ;DkGg ul/Psf 5g\ .

b'u{d Pj+ ljz]if If]q ljsf;

g]kfnsf pQ/L e" efusf ;LdfjtL{ lhNnfx / ef}uf]lns b[li6sf]0fn] cToGt
ljs6 Pj+ cfly{s b[li6sf]0fn] cToGt lk5l8Psf @@ lhNnfdf ul/aL lgjf/0fnfO{
;3fp k'ofpg] u/L nlIft sfo{qmdsf] kdf b'u{d If]q ljsf; sfo{qmd
;~rfngdf /x]sf] 5 . z'df @)@@ ;fndf rf/ lxdfnL lhNnf x'Dnf, d':tf,
;f]n'v'Dj' -gfDr] jhf/_ / tfKn]h'sf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tof/ ug]{ sfo{jf6 k|f/De
ePsf] of] sfo{qmd xfn @@ lhNnfdf ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . o; sfo{qmd cGtu{t
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df !( j6f emf]n'] k'n lgdf{0f, @) j6f ;fgf l;+rfO
cfof]hgf, !^=% ls= ld= 3f]8]6f] jf6f] lgdf{0f, !) j6f vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf / !^ j6f

13.100

250

ljB'tLs/0f cfof]hgf ;DkGg ePsf lyP . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7
dlxgf;Dddf ^ j6f emf]n'] k'n lgdf{0f ;DkGg, ! j6f ljB'tLs/0f cfof]hgf / @
j6f l;+rfO{ cfof]hgf lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

af} bz{g k|j{g, u'Djf ljsf; ;ldlt

13.101b]zleq

5l/P/ /x]sf u'Djf tyf u'Djfdf /x]sf dxTjk"0f{ k'/ftflTjs j:t' tyf
;fj{hlgs ;DklQxsf] ;+/If0f, ;Dj{g / lj:tf/ ug{ of] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePsf]
xf] . cfly{s jif{ @)^*)^( df o; sfo{qmd cGtu{t * j6f u'Djf ;e]{If0f, !
k6s nfdf cWoog e|d0f sfo{qmd, @ k6s wdf{b]zgf sfo{qmd, @ ;o ^) j6f
k|frLg u'Djf ;+/If0f sfo{qmd / @) j6f ;f]nf/ ljt/0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf jf}4 bz{g cWoog cg';Gwfg e|d0f
sfo{qmd cGtu{t nfdf wd{u', kbflwsf/L tyf sd{rf/L ;lxtsf] 6f]nLaf6
l;lSsdsf ljleGg wd{:ynxsf] e|d0f ul/Psf], af}4 bz{g ;DaGwL >Job[Zo
sfo{qmd cGtu{t zflGtsf] ofqf gfds 6]lnlehg sfo{qmd k|To]s d+unaf/
k|;f/0f ug]{ ul/Psf], wd{b]zgf sfo{qmd cGtu{t gjnk/f;L / ;'g;/L lhNnfdf
sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

dlxnf tyf afnaflnsfxsf nflu ljs]lGb|t sfo{of]hgf

o'lg;]kmsf] cg'bfg ;xof]udf b]ze/sf @# lhNnfx -kfFry/, ;'g;/L, pbok'/,
;Kt/L, sfe|], lrtjg, k;f{, gjnk/f;L, tgx'F, sf:sL, slknj:t', bf, s'd,
hfh/sf]6, sflnsf]6, h'Dnf x'Dnf, d'u', 8f]Nkf 88]Nw'/f, aemf, afh'/f / c5fd_ sf
# ;o *^ uflj; tyf !$ j6f gu/kflnsfdf of] sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf /x]sf]df ;g\
@)!) sf] l8;]Da/af6 ;'g;/L, sfe|]knfGrf]s, lrtjg, tgx"F / sf:sL u/L % j6f
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltdf cfGtl/sLs/0f ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df
cl3Nnf] jif{ ;~rflnt sfo{qmdxnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOg'sf ;fy} afnd}qL :yfgLo
zf;gsf] cjwf/0ffdf cfwfl/t eP/ lglZrt ;'rsx tof/ kf/L sfo{qmdnfO{
cufl8 a9fOPsf] 5 . o;sf] ;fy} :jf:Yo tyf kf]if0f sfo{qmd %) j6f, afn
;+/If0f sfo{qmd &%, z}lIfs sfo{qmd (% / jf; sfo{qmd #) j6f ;DkGg ePsf]
lyof] .

13.102

:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g tyf ;fd'bflos ljsf;

13.103:yfgLo

zf;g tyf ;fd'bflos ljsf; sfo{qmd (LGCDP) cGtu{t :yfgLo

lgsfonfO{ pknAw u/fpg] s'n kF"hLut cg'bfg /sddf nlIft ju{nfO{ 5'6[fOPsf]
#% k|ltzt /sd dWo] dlxnf -!) k|ltzt_, afnaflnsf -!) k|ltzt_ / lk5l8Psf
ju{k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{ -!% k|ltzt_ sf nflu lalgof]hg ug'{ kg]{ gLlt cjnDag
ul/Psf] 5 . n}lu+s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f gLlt sfof{Gjog ug]{ !)
lhNnfdf ul/Psf] g"dgf k/LIf0fdf o;af6 dlxnf, jfnjflnsf / cGo lk5l8Psf
ju{ tyf ;d'bfosf cGo ju{sf] dfu / cfjZostfdf cfwfl/t sfo{qmd th'{df tyf
251

sfof{Gjogdf nlIft ;d"xsf] ;xeflutfdf a[l4 ePsf] 5 . :yfgLo hgtfnfO{

a9LeGbf j9L of]hgf th'{df k|lqmofdf ;+nUg u/fpg] p2]Zon] $^ xhf/ ^ ;o %*
hgf j8f gful/s d~r / gful/s ;r]tgf s]Gb|sf ;b:oxnfO{ :yfgLo of]hgf
th'{df tflnddf ;xefuL u/fOPsf] 5 .
tflnsf !# -s6_ M ;fdflhs kl/rfngsf] k|ult ljj/0f
;+Vofdf

qm=;+=

ljj/0f

k|ult ljj/0f

;fdflhs kl/rfng sfof{Gjog ePsf] uflj;

;fdflhs kl/rfng sfof{Gjog ePsf]
gu/kflnsf
j8f gful/s d~r :yfkgf ePsf] ;+Vof
gful/s ;r]tgf s]Gb| :yfkgf ePsf] ;+Vof
uflj; ;lrj / j8f ;lrjxnfO{ kfGt/0fLo
;fdflhs kl/rfng ;DaGwL cg'lzIf0f
j8f gful/s d~rgful/s ;r]tgf s]Gb|sf
;b:oxnfO{ :yfgLo of]hgf th'{df ;DaGwL
tflnd

2
3
4
5
6

cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( ;Dd

cfly{s jif{
@)^(&)*

3817

98

384

19

33166

1007

4082

183

3549

46568

50674

*k|yd cf7 dlxgf .

;|f]tM ;+\3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno .

hgzlQm tyf ;+:yfut ljsf; sfo{qmd

13.104 :yfgLo

lgsfoxsf] ;+:yfut Ifdtf clej[l4 cltl/Qm, dfgjLo Ifdtf

clej[l4af6 g} ljsf; lgdf{0fsf If]qdf ck]lIft pknlAw xfl;n ug{ ;lsg] ePsf]n]
hgzlQm Joj:yfkg / ljsf;nfO{ k|d'vtfsf ;fy cufl8 a9fOPsf] 5 .
13.105 :yfgLo lgsfoxsf] ;+:yfut Ifdtf clea[l4sf nflu tflnd cg';Gwfg k/fdz{
;]jf pknJw u/fpg] p2]Zon] k|lti7fgaf6 sfo{s|d ;~rfng x'b} cfPsf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ( ;o *( hgf :yfgLo lgsfosf sd{rf/LxnfO{
ljQLo Joj:yfkg, ;Lk ljsf;, k|:tfjk|ltj]bg n]vg nufot cGo ljleGg
tflnd, k|lzIf0f k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfdf
!& lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt tyf * gu/kflnsfsf] MCPM dfkg / @! hgfnfO{
;dfj]zL zf;g ;DaGwL tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
jftfj/0f / ljsf; Ps csf{sf kl/k'/s ePsf] ;Gbe{df jftfj/0fLo ;Gt'ng
sfod /fVb} ljsf; lqmofsnfknfO{ cuf8L a9fpg zx/L jftfj/0f ;'wf/sf nflu
;/sf/ gLlh If]q ;fem]bf/L sfo{qmd, kmf]xd}nf Joj:yfkg sfo{qmd tyf
:yfgLo:t/df jftfj/0fLo Joj:yfkg ;'b[9Ls/0f sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ .

13.106

252

:yfgLo lgsfoaf6 ;~rfng ul/g] sfo{qmdxnfO{ jftfj/0f d}qL t'Nofpg P]g,

lgodfjnLdf jftfj/0f ;+/If0fsf ljifoxnfO{ :ki6 ul/Psf] 5 .

;d:of tyf r'gf}tLx

zx/L, u|fdL0f Pj+ b'u{d If]qaLr :jf:Yo ;]jfdf lje]b x'g', gjhft lzz'sf] :jf:Yo
;'wf/ ug]{ sfo{ vlr{nf] x'g', ljleGg /f]uxsf] k|sf]k a[l4;Fu} cfd gful/sxn]
:jf:Yo ;]jfsf] kx'Frdf sdL cfpg', u|fdL0f If]qdf lrlsT;s tyf cGo
:jf:YosdL{xsf] ;]jfsf] ;'lglZrt pknJwtf gx'g', ;+qmd0fhGo /f]usf] t'ngfdf
c;+qmd0fhGo /f]uxsf] a[l4sf sf/0f ;|f]tsf] cefj x'g' h:tf :jf:Yo If]qsf d'Vo
;d:of tyf r'gf}tL /x]sf 5g\ .

13.107

hg:jf:Yo;DaGwL lzIff, :jf:YoIf]qdf ef}lts k"jf{wf/, u'0f:t/Lo cf}iflw, cf}hf/

pks/0f / hgzlQmsf] pko'Qm Joj:yfkgsf] cefjsf ;fy} PsLs[t cg'udg tyf
;'kl/j]If0f gx'g' klg yk ;d:ofsf kdf /x]sf 5g\ . hg;+Vof;DaGwL sfo{qmdx
sfof{Gjogdf If]qut lgsfoxaLr ;dGjosf] sdL Pj+ cAojl:yt a;fOF;/fO,
ax'If]qLo ;dGjosf] cefjsf sf/0f ;/;kmfO, jftfj/0f, :jf:Yo lzIff tyf
vfBfGg Pj+ kf]if0fsf] If]qdf nufgLsf] Psktf gx'g', cfo'j]{b / cGo j}slNks
:jf:Yo ;]jfsf] PsLs[t ljsf; Pj+ lj:tf/ u/L ;j{;'ne agfpg g;Sg' h:tf
;d:of klg o; If]qdf /x]sf 5g\ .
13.109 cfjZos ;+;fwg ;lxt lgoldt u'0f:t/Lo :jf:Yo ;]jf ;/n / ;'ne kdf
k|bfg ug'{, lghL If]qnfO{ lgodg ug{', pknAw :jf:Yo ;]jf ;DaGwdf ;a}
hg;fwf/0fnfO{ ;r]t u/fpg'sf ;fy} Gaf6 lj:yflkt hgtfn] ef]Ug' k/]sf]
dfgl;s :Jff:Yo, ckftf, cfly{s lk8faf6 l;lh{t ;d:of ;dfwfg ug'{ h:tf
r'gf}tLx o; If]qdf /x]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L, cGt/f{li6o If]qdf ul/Psf k|lta4tf k'/f
ug{' klg r'gf}tLsf] kdf lng ;lsG5 .
13.110dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf Ho]i7 gful/s / ckfxsf] If]qnfO{ dlxnf, afnaflnsf
tyf ;dfh sNof0f dGqfnosf] If]qdf dfq ;Lldt /fVg] ;f]rn] dlxnf ;zlQms/0f
Pj+ d"nk|jflxs/0fdf hfg g;Sg', pNn]lvt sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ /fli6o:t/df
kof{Kt dfqfdf jh]6sf] cefj x'g' / cToflws dfqfdf j[l4 ePsf ;fdflhs ;+3
;+:yfxf/f ;~rflnt sfo{qmddf bf]xf]/f]kgf x6fpg] tyf tL lgsfoaLr ;dGjo /
;xof]usf] cltl/Qm sfo{qmdsf] pkof]lutf, k|efjsfl/tf, lhDd]jf/L Pj+ hjfkmb]lxtf
agfpg] ljifox k|d'v r'gf}tLsf kdf /x]sf 5g\ . k/Dk/fjfbL ;f]rnfO{ cGt u/L
;+j]bgzLn If]qnfO{ /fi6n] cfjZos ;|f]t / ;fwg pknAw u/fpg ;s]df ;dfhdf
k5fl8 k/]sf ju{xsf] pTyfg eO{ cfTd:jfledfgdf ;d]t j[l4 x'g]5 .
13.111 vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefu cGtu{t k|fljlws Pj+ pTk|]/s hgzlQmsf] cefj,
zx/L, cw{zx/L tyf gu/f]]Gd'v 3gf j:tLxaf6 lg:sg] kmf]x/ kfgL Joj:yfkg
ug{ k|zf]wg k|0ffnL ;lxtsf] :oflg6/L 9n ljsf; ug]{ nIo /flvPsf] eP klg
13.108

253

kof{Kt ;|f]tsf] cefj, vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ If]qdf sfo{/t ljleGg lgsfo tyf
;+:yfxaLr cfk;L ;dGjosf] cefj, h:tf ;d:ofx k|d'vkdf /x]sf 5g\ .
pNn]lvt ;d:ofxsf] ;dfwfgsf nflu :yflgo ;|f]t, ;fwg kl/rfngsfnflu
ufpFb]lv s]Gb|:t/;Dd ;dGjo ;ldlt u7g u/L pTk|]/0ffTds sfo{qmd ;~rfng
ug'{sf;fy} k'g:yf{kgfsf] sfo{ Jojl:yt tj/n] cl3 a9fpg s]Gb|Lo cfof]hgf
;+of]hssf] Joj:yf / u'0f:t/ ;'wf/sf nflu dfu ;+sng Pj+ ;f] sf] ;"rL tof/
u/L sfo{qmdsf] nflu ah]6 dfu ug]{ h:tf k|of;x ul/Psf 5g\ .
13.112 sf7df8f}+ pkTosf vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO cfof]hgftkm{ t];|f] cfof]hgfsf]
clglZrttf, gjf}+ ;d'xsf] cfof]hgfsf] nflu ah]6sf] cefj, cfufdL cfof]hgf
;~rfngsf nflu bft[ ;+:yf;Fu ;xdlt ePsf ljifoxsf] sfof{Gjogdf ;do a9L
nfUg uPsf]n] cfof]hgf 5gf}6 tyf ;~rfngdf cfjZostf eGbf a9L ;do nfUg',
vfg]kfgLsf d'ndf laafb cfpg', vfg]kfgLsf d'n ;'s]/ km]/L d'n vf]hL tof/
ug'{kg]{ / vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf tyf ;/;kmfO ;ldlt btf{df l9nfO{ h:tf ;d:ofx
/x]sf 5g\ .
13.113 To:t}, sf]iftkm{sf] :jLs[t ah]6 sfo{qmdcg';f/ lgdf{0f sfo{ ;~rfng ubf{ kfgLsf]
d'xfg If]qsf afl;Gbfxaf6 ljleGg dfu /fvL cj/f]w pTkGg x'g', lgdf{0f sfo{sf]
nflu ePsf 7]Ssf ;Demf}tfcg';f/ 7]s]bf/af6 ;dodf sfo{ ;DkGg x'g g;Sg'
h:tf ;d:ofx /x]sf 5g\ . t;y{ kfgLsf] k|fs[lts ;|f]tdf AolQm ljz]ifsf]
clwsf/ gx'g] tYo ;";"lrt u/fpg yk kxn x'g'kg{] b]lvG5 .
13.114 v]ns'bsf] nflu cfjZos k'jf{wf/ lgdf{0f tyf ;'wf/ ug{ kof{Kt ;|f]tsf] cefj x'g',
ufpF:t/;Dd v]ns'bsf] kxF'rnfO{ lj:tf/ ug{ g;Sg', ;Lldt ;|f]t / ;fwgsf]
sf/0fn] /fli6o o'jf gLlt @)^^ n] to u/] adf]lhdsf sfo{qmdx ;~rfng ug{
sl7gfO{, o'jf ;DaGwL sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ :yfgLo:t/df ;+/rgfsf] cefj x'g',
v]ns'b If]qnfO{ /fhgLlts ultljlwaf6 d'Qm ug{ g;Sg', v]ns'b ultljlwxdf
gLlh If]qnfO{ ;xeflu u/fpg g;Sg', v]n tyf v]nf8LxnfO{ Joj;foLs/0f ug{
g;Sg', o'jf;DaGwL sfo{qmddf cGo lgsfo;Fusf] ;dGjo gx'g', sfo{qmdn] o'jf;Fu
;DaGwLt ;a} If]q / hft, hfltsf o'jfxnfO{ ;d]6\g g;Sg' / o'jf sfo{qmdsf]
jf/]df ;/f]sf/jfnfxnfO{ a'emfpg g;Sg' h:tf r'gf}tLx /x]sf 5g\ .

254

!$= ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfg tyf

lghLs/0f

!$= ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfg tyf lghLs/0f

14.1

14.2

14.3

14.4

;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj axg ug{, gofF k|ljlw leq\ofpg / b]z ljsf;sf] k|f/lDes
r/0fdf lghL If]qdf x'g] k'FhL tyf pBdzLntfsf] cefjnfO{ k"/f ug{ :yfkgf
ul/Psf ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] b]z ljsf;df dxTjk'0f{ e"ldsf x'G5 . g]kfn
;/sf/sf] k"0f{ jf clwsf+z :jfldTjdf ;~rflnt ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] cfly{ jif{
@)^*^( sf] ef}lts / ljQLo k|ultsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;dLIff o; kl/R5]bdf k|:t't
ul/Psf] 5 .
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ :jfldTjdf ;~rfngdf /x]sf #& j6f ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf]
s'n ;~rfng cfo cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= ! va{ *% ca{ &( s/f]8 @*
nfv k'u]sf] 5 . of] /sd cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf @@=#$ k|ltztn] a9L xf] .
cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df ;+:yfgxsf] s'n ;~rfng cfo ?= ! va{ %! ca{ *&
s/f]8 !% nfv /x]sf] lyof] .
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ :jfldTjdf ;+:yfgx dWo] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df !% j6f
;+:yfgx v'b gfkmfdf ;~rfng ePsf 5g\ eg] g]kfn OlGhlgol/ sG;N6]G;L ;]jf
s]Gb| lnld6]8sf] sf/f]jf/ gePsf] l:ylt 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df
;+:yfgxsf] v'b d'gfkmf ?= ^ ca{ %* s/f]8 *# nfv /x]sf] lyof] eg] cfly{s jif{
@)^*)^( df ?= # ca{ $( s/f]8 %( nfv v'b gf]S;fg /x]sf] 5 . g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0f / g]kfn cfon lgudsf] qmdzM ?= ( ca{ ($ s/f]8 &( nfv / ( ca{
%@ s/f]8 %% nfv gf]S;fgLn] ;du|df ;+:yfgxsf] v'b gf]S;fgL j9\g uPsf] xf] .
;fy} cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df v'b d'gfkmf cfh{g u/]sf cf7j6f ;+:yfgx cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df gf]S;fgLsf] cj:yfdf 5g\ eg] cGo gfkmfd} ;~rfng ePsf
;+:yfgxsf] klg d'gfkmfsf] /sd 36\g uPsf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dddf #& j6f ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
s'n z]o/ nufgL ?= ! va{ @ ca{ $! s/f]8 #& nfv k'u]sf] 5 eg] ;f]xL
cjlw;Dddf s'n C0f nufgL ?= ! va{ ! ca{ @# s/f]8 ^& nfv k'u]sf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df oL ;+:yfgxdf z]o/ nufgL ?= (@ ca{ !( s/f]8 !^
nfv / C0f nufgL ?= (% ca{ !^ s/f]8 (@ nfv /x]sf] lyof] . o;/L ;+:yfgxdf
255

14.5

14.6

14.7

;/sf/sf] z]o/ nufgL !!=! k|ltztn] / C0f nufgLdf ^=$ k|ltztn] j9]sf]
b]lvG5 .
;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] s'n z]o/wgL sf]if cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dddf s'n ?=
(& ca{ %( s/f]8 *& nfv /x]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df pQm z]o/wgL sf]if
?= ! va{ (( s/f]8 # nfv /x]sf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf
kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{df ;+:yfgxsf] z]o/wgL sf]ifdf #=$ k|ltztn] x|f; cfPsf]
5 . o;f] x'g'df cfon lgudsf] z]o/wgL sf]if cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df dfq} ?= (
ca{ $& s/f]8 ^& nfvn] j[l4 x'g', hgsk'/ r'/f]6 sf/vfgf, cf]l/08 DofUg];fO6,
g]kfn cf}ifwL lnld6]8 h:tf ;+:yfgxsf] z]o/wgL sf]if cTolws c+sn] C0ffTds
x'g' k|d'v sf/0f /x]sf 5g\ . o; cjlwdf g} g]kfn laB't k|flws/0fsf] ?= @& ca{
;+lrt gf]S;fgL nfO{ ckn]vg ul/Psf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df ;+:yfgxsf] v'b :yL/ ;DklQ ?= !!* ca{ @& s/f]8
^% nfv /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= !@) ca{ $! s/f]8 ^! nfv k'u]sf]
5.
;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxjf6 g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ nfef+z cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df ?= %
ca{ $( s/f]8 &@ nfv nfef+z k|fKt ePsf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= ^ ca{
@^ s/f]8 @# nfv k|fKt ePsf] 5 . of] nfef+z ;/sf/n] ;+:yfgdf u/]sf] nufgLsf]
^=!! k|ltzt x'g cfpF5 . ;/sf/L ;+:yfgdf ul/Psf] nufgLsf] k|ltkmn k|rlnt
Jofhb/ eGbf Go"g 5 . o; cjlwdf #& j6f ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxdWo] g]kfn b"/
;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8 / /fli6o jfl0fHo j}+sjf6 dfq g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ nfef+z
k|fKt ePsf] 5 .

/fh:j / s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgsf] of]ubfg

14.8

cfly{s jif{{ @)^*^( sf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] s'n
;~rfng cfosf] of]ubfg (=* k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf Jofkfl/s
If]qsf]] of]ubfg ;a}eGbf j9L 5 eg] ;fdflhs If]qdf Go"g /x]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n]
cfly{s jif{{ @)^*^( df ;+sng u/]sf] s'n /fh:j ?= @ va{ $$ ca{ #&
s/f]8df #& j6f ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxjf6 k|fKt nfef+zsf] c+z @=^ k|ltzt /x]sf]
5.
256

;/sf/n] ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxdf cfly{s jif{{ @)^*^( df ?= ^ ca{ )& s/f]8

C0f k|jfx u/]sf] lyof] -s'n ;/sf/L vr{sf] @=! k|ltzt_ . ;/sf/sf] o; cfly{s
jif{sf] k'FhLut vr{ ?= %! ca{ #( s/f]8 /x]sf]df ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxdf o;sf]
!!=* k|ltztn] x'g] /sd C0fsf] kdf k|jfx ePsf] lyof] .
14.10 ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx ;]jf lgj[Q ePkl5 pkbfg, lgj[lQe/0f
cf}ifwL pkrf/, jLdf, ljbf h:tf ljleGg zLif{sxjf6 lbOg] ;'ljwfsf] sf/0f x/]s
;+:yfgxsf] sd{rf/L cjsfz bfloTj j9]/ uPsf] 5 . ;j} ;+:yfgxn] sd{rf/L
cjsf; x'Fbf l;h{gf x'g] bfloTj e'QmfgLsf] nflu sf]ifsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] b]lvb}g .
cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] sf]ifdf Joj:yf gu/]sf] bfloTj
?= !^ ca{ *# s/f]8 ^# nfv /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df @%=(# k|ltztn]
j[l4 e} ?= @! ca{ @) s/f]8 @! nfv k'u]sf] 5 .
14.9

14.11

;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf sd{rf/Lxsf] ;'ljwf j9\b} uPsf]n] sd{rf/L cjsfz

bfloTj / k|zf;lgs vr{ a9\b} uPsf] 5 . ;+:yfgxsf] sdhf]/ cfly{s cj:yf Pj+
ljQLo cg'zf;gsf] sldn] ubf{ sf]ifdf Joj:yf gu/]sf] bfloTjsf] ef/ jxg ug{
;/sf/s} d'v tfSg kg]{ cj:yf 5 . t;y{ ;DjlGwt ;+:yfg Pj+ dGqfno b'j} kIf
uDeL/ eO{ o; k|sf/sf] bfloTj Joj:yfkg ug]{ tkm{ cfjZos sbd rfng' kg]{
b]lvG5 .

;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] If]qut laZn]if0f

cf}Bf]lus If]q
14.12

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df cf}Bf]lus If]q cGt{ut ;~rflnt ;ft j6f ;fj{hlgs
;+:yfgxn] ?= $ ca{ *& s/f]8 $( nfv j/fj/sf] ;~rfng cfo cfh{g u/]sf
5g\ . h'g cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf !=$ k|ltztn] j9L 5 . hgsk'/
r'/f]6 sf/vfgf lnld6]8 / cf]l/08 DofUg];fO6 k|f=lnld6]8sf] ;~rfng cfo z"Go g}
/x]sf] 5 eg] g]kfn cf}ifwL lnld6]8 / pbok'/ l;d]06 lnld6]8sf] C0ffTds x'g
k'u]sf] 5 . x]6f}8f l;d]06 lnld6]8, b'Uw ljsf; ;+:yfg / hl8j'6L pTkfbg tyf
k|zf]wg s]Gb| lnld6]8n] dfq qmdzM #&=% k|ltzt, !)=* k|ltzt / #=( k|ltzt
j[l4 ug{ ;kmn ePsf 5g\ . s'n ;~rfng cfodf ;fdfGo ;'wf/ b]lvP klg o;
If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] v'b gf]S;fgL ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf !(%=^ k|ltztn] j[l4 e} !
257

ca{ @^ s/f]8 #$ nfv k'Ug uPsf] 5 eg] ;~rfng gf]S;fgL klg !)^=* k|ltztn]
j[l4 e} ?= ! ca{ $& nfv k'u]sf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df # j6f
;+:yfgn] gfkmf cfh{g ug{ ;s]sf ePklg o; cfly{s jif{df ;ft j6} ;+:yfgx
gf]S;fgLdf /x]sf 5g\ .
14.13 o; If]qdf ;~rflnt ;+:yfgxn] ltg'{kg]{ C0f cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf
?= !% s/f]8 $& nfv j[l4 e} ?= $ ca{ @! s/f]8 * nfv k'u]sf] 5 . To:t} z]o/
wgL sf]if ?= # ca{ !@ s/f]8 %( nfv C0ffTds /x]sf] 5 . h'g ut jif{sf]
t'ngfdf ?= ! ca{ @# s/f]8 $# nfvn] C0ffTds ePsf] b]lvG5 . cf}Bf]lus If]qsf
;+:yfgxsf] v'b :yL/ ;DklQ ut jif{sf] ?= # ca{ (^ s/f]8 *! nfv jf6 ?= !^
s/f]8 @% nfv Go"lgs/0f e} ?= # ca{ &( s/f]8 *# nfv k'u]sf] 5 .
14.14 ;du| cf}Bf]lus If]qsf ;+:yfgxdf hDdf # xhf/ $ ;o &% hgf sd{rf/Lx
sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\ eg] s'n k|zf;lgs vr{ jflif{s ?= &# s/f]8 &! nfv tyf
sd{rf/L cjsfzsf] lgldQ sf]ifdf Joj:yf gu/]sf] bfloTj ?= @ ca{ ^) s/f]8 ^@
nfv k'Ug uPsf] 5 . cf}Bf]lus If]qsf ;+:yfgxdf ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( ;Dd ?= % ca{ #^ s/f]8 %% nfv z]o/ nufgL / ?= ! ca{ & s/f]8
$) nfv C0f nufgL u/]tfklg k|fKt nfef+z z"Go /x]sf] 5 . o; If]qsf] ;ft j6f
;+:yfgx dWo] b'Uw ljsf; ;+:yfg, hl8j'6L pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg s]Gb| lnld6]8,
x]6f}8f l;d]06 lnld6]8 / g]kfn cf}ifwL lnld6]8n] dfq cfly{s jif{ )^*^(
;Ddsf] n]vf k/LIf0f u/fPsf 5g\ eg] cGosf] nfdf] ;do b]lv n]vfk/LIf0f x'g
;s]sf] 5}g .

Jofkfl/s If]q
14.15

14.16

o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxn] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= (% ca{ #! s/f]8 $! nfv

;~rfng cfo cfh{g u/]sf 5g\ eg] o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] ?= !) ca{ % s/f]8
!$ nfv ;~rfng gf]S;fgL tyf ?= % ca{ ^ s/f]8 !* nfv v'b gf]S;fgLdf /x]sf]
5 . g]kfn cfon lgud PSn} ?= ( ca{ &! s/f]8 %( nfv ;~rfng gf]S;fgLdf
/x]sf] 5 eg] ?= ( ca{ %@ s/f]8 %% nfv v'b gf]S;fgL 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df o; If]qdf ;~rflnt ;+:yfgxsf] s'n C0f !^ ca{ ^(
s/f]8 @% nfv ePsf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= @% ca{ &% s/f]8 ^* nfv
k'u]sf] 5 . o; If]qsf ;+:yfgx dWo] g]kfn cfon lgudsf] ;j}eGbf j9L ?= @$
258

ca{ && s/f]8 !) nfv C0f /x]sf] 5 eg] s[lif ;fdfu|L sDkgL lnld6]8n] dfq
;/sf/jf6 C0f lnPsf] 5}g .
14.17 o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] v'b :yL/ ;DklQ ?= @ ca{ % s/f]8 %) nfv /x]sf] 5 .
z]o/ wgL sf]if ?= @! ca{ %* s/f]8 %) nfvn] C0ffTds /x]sf] b]lvG5, h'g ut
jif{sf] t'ngfdf *#=%& k|ltztn] j9L 5 . z]o/ wgL sf]ifdf C0ffTds j[l4 x'g'df
g]kfn cfon lgudsf] ?= @@ ca{ !* s/f]8 ## nfv C0ffTds sf]if k|d'v sf/0f
/x]sf] 5 .
14.18 o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxdf ! xhf/ ( ;o ^! sd{rf/L sfo{/t 5g\ eg] Joj:yf
gul/Psf sd{rf/L bfloTj ?= (@ s/f]8 #* nfv /x]sf] 5 . o; If]qsf ;+:yfxsf]
k|zf;lgs vr{ jflif{s ?= ! ca{ *) s/f]8 &% nfv /x]sf] 5 . o; cfly{s jif{ df
^ j6f ;+:yfg dWo] $ j6fsf] cfly{s jif{ )^*^( ;Ddsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg
ePsf] 5 .

;]jf If]q
o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] ;~rfng cfo cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df ?= * ca{ @*
s/f]8 @( nfv /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df !&=* k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ ?= (
ca{ &% s/f]8 #! nfv k'u]sf] 5 . g]kfn jfo';]jf lgud / g]kfn gful/s p8\8og
k|flws/0fn] ;j}eGbf j9L qmdzM % ca{ ($ s/f]8 $* nfv / # ca{ #^ s/f]8 ^%
nfv ;~rfng cfo k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ .
14.20 ;]jf If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] v'b gfkmf ubf{ cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df ?= &( s/f]8
/x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df d'gfkmf /sd j[l4 eO{ ?= ! ca{ & s/f]8 %*
nfv k'u]sf] 5 . cf}Bf]lus If]q Joj:yfkg lnld6]8, g]kfn kf/jxg tyf uf]bfd
Joj:yf s+kgL lnld6]8 / gful/s p8\8og k|flws/0fn] v'b d'gfkmf cfh{g u/]sf
5g\ eg] g]kfn jfo';]jf lgud, g]zgn sG:6S;g sDkgL g]kfn lnld6]8 / /fli6o
pTkfbsTj tyf cfly{s ljsf; s]Gb| lnld6]8 3f6fdf ;~rfng ePsf 5g\ .
cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df gfkmfdf ;~rfng ePsf] g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudn] cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df ?= @ s/f]8 gf]S;fg Joxf]/]sf] 5 .
14.21 ;]jf If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] v'b :yL/ ;DklQ cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dddf ?= !)
ca{ ## s/f]8 @@ nfv k'u]sf] 5 eg] z]o/wgL sf]if ?= !@ ca{ !! s/f]8 #! nfv
14.19

259

/x]sf] 5 . g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudsf] dfq} z]o/wgL sf]if C0ffTds -?= ! ca{ !&
s/f]8 @@ nfv_ /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dddf ;]jf If]qsf] C0f bfloTj
?= ! ca{ *( s/f]8 $( nfv k'u]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dddf o; If]qsf
;+:yfgxsf] sf]ifdf Joj:yf gePsf] bfloTj ?= @* s/f]8 #( nfv k'u]sf] 5 eg]
g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudsf] dfq ?= @@ s/f]8 !^ nfv /x]sf] 5 .
14.22 o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lxsf] ;+Vof cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(
;Dddf s'n @ xhf/ & ;o %* k'u]sf] 5 eg] k|zf;lgs vr{ jflif{s ?= @ ca{ @^
s/f]8 () nfv /x]sf] b]lvG5 . /fli6o pTkfbsTj tyf cfly{s ljsf; s]Gb| ln=n]
cfly{s jif{ @)^#^$ / g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudn] cfly{s jif{ @)^%^^ kl5sf]
n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{ ePsf] b]lvb}g . o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxdf cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(
;Dddf g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ?= !# ca{ &* s/f]8 $! nfv z]o/ nufgL tyf ?= @
ca{ $% s/f]8 && nfv C0f nufgL ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o;
If]qsf s'g}klg ;+:yfgxjf6 g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ nfef+z k|fKt ePsf] 5}g .

;fdflhs If]q
;fdflhs If]qdf ;~rfngdf /x]sf kfFrj6f ;+:yfgx dWo] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^(
df /fli6o cfjf; sDkgL lnld6]8 jfx]s c rf/j6} ;+:yfgx v'b 3f6fdf
;~rfng ePsf 5g\ . cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxn] ?= (
s/f]8 &* nfv v'b gf]S;fg Joxf]/]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df To:tf] gf]S;fgL
?= @* s/f]8 ^* nfv k'u]sf] 5 . g]kfn 6]lnleghsf] gf]S;fg cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{
sf] t'ngfdf bf]Jj/ eGbf j9L j[l4 x'g uPsf] 5 . o; If]qsf ;+:yfgx dWo]
gfkmfdf ;~rfng ePsf] /fli6o cfjf; sDkgL lnld6]8n] cl3Nnf] jif{ ?= ! s/f]8
(% nfv v'b gfkmf cfh{g u/]sf]df cfly{s jif{ )^*^( df o:tf] gfkmfdf sdL
eO{ ?= @& nfvdf em/]sf] 5 .
14.24 o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxn] cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df s'n ?= ! ca{ @( s/f]8
;~rfng cfo k|fKt u/]sf]df kl5Nnf] cfly{s jif{df To:tf] gfkmf ?= & s/f]8 (*
nfvn] Go"g eO{ ?= ! ca{ @! s/f]8 &# nfvdf ;Lldt ePsf] 5 . o; If]qsf
;+:yfgxsf] s'n z]o/ wgL sf]if ?= (! s/f]8 (( nfv /x]sf] 5, h'g cl3Nnf]
cfly{s jif{ df ?= ! ca{ !% s/f]8 ^! nfv /x]sf] lyof] .
14.23

260

14.25

;fdflhs If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] v'b :yL/ ;DklQ cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= *&
s/f]8 &* nfv /x]sf] 5, h'g cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{ df ?= (! s/f]8 ^& nfv /x]sf]
lyof] . g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;fdflhs If]qsf ;+:yfgxdf s'n ?= @ ca{ @$ s/f]8 &)
nfv z]o/ nufgL u/]sf] 5 eg] C0f nufgL cfly{s jif{ )^*^( ;Dddf ?= @!
s/f]8 (# nfv /x]sf] 5 . tyflk g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ o; If]qsf s'g} klg
;+:yfgxjf6 nfef+z k|fKt ePsf] 5}g .

o; If]qdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lxsf] ;+Vof cl3Nnf] jif{sf] eGbf cfly{s jif{

@)^*^( df ! ;o (! hgfn] sd eO{ s'n ! xhf/ * ;o ^( hgf k'u]sf] /
cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf uf]/vfkq ;+:yfgsf] sd{rf/L ;+Vof ! ;o **
hgfn] 36\g uPsf]n] o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] sf]ifdf Joj:yf gu/]sf] sd{rf/L
bfloTj cl3nnf] jif{sf] *% s/f]8 @( nfv jf6 ?= &@ s/f]8 ^^ nfvdf em/]sf]
5.
14.27 g]kfn 6]lnlegh / /fli6o cfjf; sDkgL lnld6]8n] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Ddsf]
n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{ ;DkGg ul/;s]sf] 5 eg] jfFsL # j6f ;+:yfgx ;f+:s[lts
;+:yfg, uf]/vfkq ;+:yfg / hgs lzIff ;fdfu|L s]Gb| lnld6]8n] cfly{s jif{
@)^&^* ;Ddsf] dfq n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg u/]sf] b]lvG5 .
14.26

hgpkof]uL If]q
14.28 hgkof]uL

If]q cGtu{t ;~rflnt tLgj6f ;+:yfgxsf] s'n ;~rfng cfo cfly{s

jif{ @)^&^* df ?= $$ ca{ ^@ s/f]8 *! nfv /x]sf]df ?= * ca{ ^! s/f]8
$% nfvn] j[l4 eO{ cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= %# ca{ @$ s/f]8 @^ nfv
k'u]sf] 5 . ;j}eGbf j9L g]kfn b"/ ;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8n] ?= #@ ca{ *) s/f]8
&% nfv ;~rfng cfo k|fKt u/]sf] 5 .
14.29 o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] v'b :yL/ ;DklQ cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf] cGTo ;Dddf
?= ! va{ $& s/f]8 $* nfv /x]sf] 5, eg] s'n z]o/wgL sf]if ?= ^% ca{ (!
s/f]8 (! nfv /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^&)^* df o; If]qsf tLgj6}
;+:yfgxsf] z]o/wgL sf]if wgfTds /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*)^( df cfP/
g]kfn vfg]kfgL ;+:yfgsf] z]o/wgL sf]if ?= ( s/f]8 $& nfvn] C0ffTds x'g
uPsf] 5 .
261

cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ;j}eGbf j9L g]kfn b"/ ;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8n] ?= !!
ca{ ^) s/f]8 %# nfv v'b d'gfkmf cfh{g u/]sf] ePtfklg g]kfn ljB't
k|flws/0fn] ?= ( ca{ ($ s/f]8 &( nfv / vfg]kfgL ;+:yfgn] ?= @$ s/f]8 ##
nfv v'b gf]S;fgL Joxf]g'{ k/]sf]n] ;du|df o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] v'b gfkmf ?= !
ca{ $! s/f]8 $! nfvdf ;Lldt x'g cfPsf] 5 .
14.31 hgpkof]uL If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] s'n C0f bfloTj cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= &)
ca{ @) s/f]8 ^@ nfv k'u]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df o:tf] bfloTj ?= ^# ca{
%( s/f]8 ^@ nfv /x]sf] lyof] . g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0fsf] ?= ^* ca{ () s/f]8
(@ nfv C0f bfloTj /x]sf] 5 eg] g]kfn b"/ ;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8n] s'g} C0f
lnPsf] 5}g . o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxdf sfo{/t s'n sd{rf/L ;+Vof cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( sf] cGTo ;Dddf hDdf !% xhf/ @ ;o &* hgf /x]sf] 5 . ;j}eGbf
j9L g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0fdf ( xhf/ !# sd{rf/Lx sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\ . o;
If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] s'n k|zf;sLo vr{ jflif{s ?= !( ca{ $# s/f]8 % nfv
/x]sf] b]lvG5 .
14.32 hgpkof]uL If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf sf]ifdf Joj:yf gul/Psf] bfloTj cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df ?= !^ ca{ #( s/f]8 &# nfv k'u]sf] 5, h'g cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df
?= !@ ca{ %# s/f]8 &) nfv /x]sf] lyof] . o:tf] bfloTj g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0fsf]
cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf ?= # ca{ ## s/f]8 !* nfv / g]kfn b"/ ;~rf/
sDkgL lnld6]8sf] ?= $) s/f]8 (# nfvn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 .
14.33 hgpkof]uL If]qsf ;+:yfgxdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dddf
s'n ?= %( ca{ !# s/f]8 @* nfv j/fj/sf] z]o/ nufgL / ?= !) ca{ )@ s/f]8
$! nfv j/fj/sf] C0f nufgL u/]sf] 5 . o; jfkt cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df
g]kfn b'/ ;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8jf6 dfq} ?= ^ ca{ !& s/f]8 %* nfv g]kfn
;/sf/nfO{ nfef+z k|fKt ePsf] 5 .
14.30

ljQLo If]q
14.34 ljQLo

If]q cGtu{t gf} j6f ;+:yfgx ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ . cfly{s jif{
@)^*^( df o; If]qsf] s'n ;~rfng cfo ?= @! ca{ #( s/f]8 )* nfv k'u]sf]
5, h'g cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf #)=^ k|ltztn] j9L xf] .
262

14.35

14.36

cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df oL If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] v'b d'gfkmf ?= % ca{ $( s/f]8

& nfv /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= !^ s/f]8 !# nfvn] sdL cfO{ v'b
d'gfkmf ?= % ca{ #@ s/f]8 ($ nfvdf ;Lldt ePsf] 5 . ;j}eGbf j9L d'gfkmf
cfh{g ug]{ ;+:yfgxdf s[lif ljsf; j}+s / /fli6o jfl0fHo j}+s lnld6]8 b]lvPsf
5g\ .
cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] v'b :yL/ ;DklQ cfly{s jif{
@)^&^* sf] t'ngfdf ^%=! k|ltztn] j[l4e} ?= @ ca{ *& s/f]8 *) nfv k'u]sf]
5 . o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] z]o/ wgL sf]if cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df ?= #% ca{
($ s/f]8 @! nfv k'u]sf] 5 . /fli6o jfl0fHo j}+ssf] z]o/ wgL sf]if cl3Nnf]
cfly{s jif{df ?= * ca{ @) s/f]8 %# nfvn] C0ffTds /x]sf]df ;'wf/ cfO{ ?= #
ca{ !@ s/f]8 ^^ nfvn] C0ffTds /xg cfPsf] 5 .

o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] C0f bfloTj cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* ?= & ca{ $^ s/f]8
@& nfv /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df 36]/ ?= ^ ca{ !% s/f]8 # nfv
em/]sf] 5 . o; dWo] s[lif ljsf; j}+ssf] ?= # ca{ @@ s/f]8 &@ nfv / /fli6o
jfl0fHo j}+ssf] ?= @ ca{ (@ s/f]8 #! nfv /x]sf] 5 . ljQLo If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf]
cGo bfloTj tyf lgIf]k cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* df ?= ! va{ #% ca{ && s/f]8 ^@
nfv /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df j[l4 eO{ ?= ! va{ *( ca{ () s/f]8 @*
nfv k'u]sf] 5 .
14.38 ljQLo If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] shf{nufgL j[l4 eO{ cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dddf
?= ! va{ %$ ca{ ^& s/f]8 % nfv k'u]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df o:tf]
nufgL ?= ! va{ & ca{ #@ s/f]8 ^ nfv /x]sf] lyof] .
14.37

14.39

ljQLo If]qsf ;+:yfgxdf s'n ^ xhf/ $ ;o !$ hgf sd{rf/Lx sfo{/t /x]sf

5g\ . o; If]qsf ;+:yfgxsf] s'n k|zf;sLo vr{ jflif{s ?= $ ca{ ( s/f]8 @)
nfv /x]sf] b]lvG5 . o; If]qsf ;+:yfgx dWo] /fli6o jLdf ;+:yfgn] cfly{s jif{
@)%(^) ;Ddsf] dfq n]vfk/LIf0f u/fPsf] l:ylt 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( df
ljQLo If]qsf ;+:yfgx dWo] /fli6o jfl0fHo j}+sjf6 dfq ?= * s/f]8 ^% nfv
&) xhf/ j/fj/ nfef+z g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k|fKt ePsf] 5 .
263

Joj:yfksLo kIf
14.40 xfn

sfod #& j6f ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] u7g % k|sf/sf P]gf/f ul/Psf]

b]lvG5 . sDkgL P]g cg';f/ @# j6f, ;+:yfg P]g cg';f/ @ j6f, ;DjlGwt
;+:yfg;DjGwL ljz]if P]g cg';f/ & j6f, ;~rf/ ;+:yfg P]g cg';f/ @ j6f / a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DjGwL P]g cg';f/ # j6f ;+:yfg ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ . j:t'
tyf ;]jfsf] pTkfbg tyf ljt/0fsfnflu :yflkt oL ;+:yfgxsf] P]g a]Unfa]Un}
ePsf] x'Fbf ;+:yfgxsf] ;~rfngsf cfwf/ klg 5'f5'} /x]sf 5g\ . km/skm/s
P]gf/f :yflkt oL ;+:yfgxn] sfo{ ;~rfngsfnflu lgdf{0f u/]sf ljlgodfjnLdf
klg Psktf 5}g ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] ;~rfns lgo'lQm k|lqmofb]lv ;+:yfgsf
hgzlQm egf{ / ;]jf ;'ljwfsf ljifodf;d]t Psktf sfod x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
14.41 of]Uo, bIf, Jofj;flos Pj+ k]zfljb\xaf6 dfq ;~rfns ;ldltdf k|ltlglwTj
u/fpg] / ;+:yfg k|d'vx -cWoIf, sfo{sf/L k|d'v tyf dxfk|aGws_ sf] lgo'lQm
Joj:yfksLo Ifdtf ePsf of]Uo AolQmx aLr k|lt:kwf{sf] dfWodaf6 sfo{
;Dkfbg s/f/ u/fO{ ug]{ gLlt d'tfljs ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfg lgb]{zg jf]8{sf] u7g eO{
pQm jf]8{n] ;+:yfgxdf dxfk|jGwsk|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[txsf] v'nf
k|lt:kwf{sf] dfWofdjf6 lgo'lQm u/L sfo{;Dkfbg s/f/sf] cfwf/df ;'ljwf Pj+
k'/:sf/ lbg] k|0ffnLsf] ;'jft u/]sf] 5 . Joj:yfksLo g]t[TjnfO{ k|lt:kwL{ /
Joj;flos jgfpg ;' ul/Psf] k4lt ;sf/fTds eP klg lgo'Qm ePsf
k|d'vxnfO{ sfd ug]{ Joj;flos jftfj/0fsf] lgdf{0f, k|]/0ff lbg] ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf,
lgoldt cg'udg / d"Nof+sg tyf lgoldt k[i7kf]if0f pknJw u/fO{ ck]lIft glthf
k|fKt ug]{ r'gf}tL ljBfdfg g} 5 .
14.42 sfo{ ;~rfng :t/df lgo'Qm sd{rf/Lxsf] ;+Vof cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( sf]
cGTodf s'n #! xhf/ & ;o %% hgf /x]sf] 5 . k|foMh;f] ;+:yfgxdf clws
hgzlQm rfk oyfjt ;d:ofs} kdf /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . ;+:yfgxdf sd{rf/Lx
;+VofTds kdf clws /x]tfklg u'0ffTds tyf bIf hgzlQmsf] cefj dx;'z
ul/Psf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfg, ljsf; ;ldlt, cfof]u tyf k|lti7fgdf sd{rf/L
lgo'lQm k|lqmofdf Psktf Nofpg ;+:yfgsf] kbk"lt{df nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{
lng] Joj:yfsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;Dk"0f{ ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxnfO{ lgb]{zg
lbPsf] 5 .
264

14.43 ;fj{hlgs

;+:yfgxdf d"ntM sfo{ ;DkfbgnfO{ k|efjsf/L jgfpg Joj:yfkg,

gLltut, /0fgLlts sfo{of]hgf;Fu ;DjlGwt ljifo / bf]>f]df sd{rf/Lxsf] ;]jf
zt{ / ;'ljwf;Fu ;DjlGwt ljjfbx ljBdfg 5g\ . oL dWo] bf]>f] ljifo;Fu
;DjlGwt d'2fxnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOFb} cfPsf]n] ;+:yfgsf sd{rf/Lx j9L ;'ljwf
ef]uL x'b} uPsfn] cfly{s tyf Joj:yfksLo kIf sdhf]/ x'Fb} uPsf] cj:yf 5 .
ljjfb ;dfwfgsf nflu jftf{ / ;xsfo{, ;fd'lxs ;f}bfjfhL, ;fdflhs ;+jfb,
;d;fdlos cGt/lqmof, tTsflng / bL3{sfnLg sfo{of]hgf th'{df tyf sfo{Gjog
h:tf ;xh Joj:yfkgsf pkfoxsf] cjnDjg ug]{ k4ltsf] ;f tfnfjGbL, 3]/fp,
pTkfbg tyf ljqmL jGb ug]{ h:tf k4ltx ljsl;t x'Fb} uPsf] lj8Djgfk"0f{
cj:yf 5 .
14.44s'n #& dWo] @@ j6f ;+:yfgxn] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Ddsf] ;ftj6f
;+:yfgxn] cfly{s jif{ @)^&^* ;Ddsf] n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{ ;DkGg u/]sf 5g\
eg] /fli6o aLdf ;+:yfgn] cfly{s jif{ @)%(^) kl5sf] n]vfk/LIf0f u/]sf]
b]lvb}g . g]kfn cf]l/08 DofUg];fO6 k|f=lnld6]8n] cfly{s jif{ @)^)^! ;Ddsf],
pbok'/ l;d]06 pBf]u lnld6]8n] cfly{s jif{ @)^!^@ ;Ddsf] / /fli6o
pTkfbsTj tyf cfly{s ljsf; s]Gb| lnld6]8n] cfly{s jif{ @)^#^$ ;Ddsf]
hgsk'/ r'/f]6 sf/vfgf lnld6]8 / g]kfn jfo';]jf lgud lnld6]8n] cfly{s jif{
@)^%^^ ;Ddsf] dfq} n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg u/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 .
14.45 clwsf+z ;+:yfgxn] ;+:yfsf] b[li6sf]0f, /0fgLlt / sfo{gLltcg'k :ki6kn]
nIf, sfo{, kl/0ffd, kl/df0f / k|dfl0fs/0fsf] dfWodxnfO{ kl/eflift u/L
sfof{Gjog of]hgf th'{df u/L nfu' ug{ ;s]sf] kfOb}g . ;~rfng of]hgf dfq} xf]Og
cNksfnLg, dWodsfnLg / bL3{sfnLg ;'wf/ of]hgfx klg clwsf+z ;+:yf;Fu
5}gg\ . ePsf s]xL ;+:yfxsf] of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf klg sdhf]/ 5 . o;y{
hgzlQm Joj:yfkg, k'FhLsf] kl/rfng, dfFu / cfk"lt{sf] cg'dfg, d"No lgwf{/0f,
ahf/ Joj:yfkg, vl/b Joj:yf, ljjfb Joj:yfkg nufot ;+:yfsf] hLjg;u
hf]l8Psf dxTjk"0f{ cfofdxsf b}lgs, ;fKtflxs, dfl;s, q}dfl;s, cw{jflif{s /
jflif{s ;~rfng sfo{of]hgf agfpg clgjfo{ b]lvG5 . ;fy}, bL3{sfnLg ;'wf/
of]hgfsf] th'{df u/L To;nfO{ sfof{Gjogdf n}hfg'kg]{ vfFrf] klg 68\sf/f]kdf
b]lvPsf] 5 .
265

14.46 ;fj{hlgs

;+:yfg lgb]{zg jf]8{ dfkm{t k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tdxfk|jGwsx

lgo'Qm ubf{ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ;"rs / ;DjlGwt ;+:yfgsf] Joj;flos of]hgfsf]
cfwf/df sfo{;Dkfbg s/f/sf] z'jft ul/P klg Joj;flos of]hgf th'{df ug]{ /
;f] d'tfljs /0fgLltx jgfO{ ;+:yfgxsf] lgwf{l/t p2]Zo / kl/nlIft pknJwL
xfl;n ug]{ tkm{ Wofg k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g . To;}n] ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxdf
sfo{;Dkfbg s/f/nfO{ ;+:yfut ;+:s[lts} kdf ljsf; ug]{ ;Dkflbt sfo{ k|ultsf]
cfwf/df dfq tnj ;'ljwf pknJw u/fpg] k4ltsf] ljsf; ;d]t x'g ;s]sf]
kfOPg .
14.47 ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] k|lt:kwf{ tyf Jofj;flostf clej[l4 ub}{ ;dGjofTds
9af6 sfo{ ;~rfng ug]{ p2]Zon] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] @)^* dfu{df ;fj{hlgs
;+:yfg lgb]{zg af]8{ -u7g tyf sfo{;~rfng_ cfb]z, @)^* hf/L eO{
;f]lxadf]lhd af]8{n] sfo{;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfg lgb]{zg jf]8{
u7g kZrft * j6f ;+:yfgxdf sfo{sf/L k|d'vx lgo'Qm e} ;s]sf 5g\ eg] ^
j6f ;+:yfgxdf lgo'lQmsf] qmd sfod /x]sf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] ;dGjo
ug]{ sfo{df cy{ dGqfnosf] ;+:yfg ;dGjo dxfzfvf d'Vo e"ldsfdf /x]sf] 5 .

266

tflnsfx

tflnsf ;"rL
tflnsf g+=
ljifo
k[i7
!= cfly{s ultljlw
1.1
s'n d"No clej[l4 -cf}Bf]lus ju{L{s/0f cg';f/k|rlnt d"Nodf_
1
1.2
s'n d"No clej[l4 -cf}Bf]lus juL{s/0f cg';f/l:y/ d"Nodf_
2
1.3
s'n pTkfbg -cf}Bf]lus ju{L{s/0f cg';f/k|rlnt d"Nodf_
3
1.4
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgsf] jflif{s j[l4b/ -cfly{s ultljlw cg';f/l:y/ d"Nodf_4
1.5
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgsf] ;+/rgf -cf}Bf]lus juL{s/0f cg';f/k|rlnt d"Nodf_ 5
1.6
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg, s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg j[l4b/ tyf d"No ;"rsf -j[xt\
cf}Bf]lus juL{s/0f cg';f/_
6
1.7
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -Joo ljlw cg';f/k|rlnt d"Nodf_
7
1.8
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -Joo ljlw cg';f/l:y/ d"Nodf_
8
1.9
dWojtL{ pkef]u -cf}Bf]lus ju{L{s/0f cg';f/k|rlnt d"Nodf_
9
1.10 s'n /fli6o vr{of]Uo cfDbfgL / art k|rlnt d"Nodf
10
1.11 s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgsf] d"No ;"rsf -OlDKnl;6\_
11
1.12 ;dli6ut cfly{s kl/;"rsx
12
@= ;fj{hlgs ljQ
2.1
;/sf/L vr{ / ;fwgsf] ;|f]t
13
2.2
s/ /fh:j
14
2.3
u}x|s/ /fh:j
15
2.4
rfn' vr{sf] ;]jf tyf sfo{ut ljj/0f
16
2.5
k'FhLut vr{sf] ;]jf tyf sfo{ut ljj/0f
17
2.6
C0fsf] ;fFjf e'QmfgL, ;+:yfgx?df C0f tyf z]o/ nufgL
18
2.7
:jLs[t j}b]lzs ;xfotf /sd -;|f]t cg';f/_
19
2.8
j}b]lzs ;xfotf pkof]u -;|f]t cg';f/_
20
2.9
k|fKt j}b]lzs cg'bfgsf] ;]jf tyf sfo{ut ljj/0f
21
2.10 k|fKt j}b]lzs C0fsf] ljj/0f
22
2.11 v'b j}b]lzs C0f
23
2.12 ;/sf/L C0fkqx / 6]h/L lanxsf] :jfldTjsf] ljj/0f
24
#= d"No tyf cfk"lt{
#=!
zx/L If]qsf] ;du| pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsf
25
#=@ -s_ ;d"xut pkef]Uo j:t'x?sf] /fli6o pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsf, jflif{s
26
#=@ -v_ ;d"xut pkef]Uo j:t'x?sf] /fli6o pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsf -k|yd cf7 dlxgf_27
#=@ -u_ ;d"xut pkef]Uo j:t'x?sf] pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsf -sf7df8f}+_, k|yd cf7
dlxgf
28
i

#=@ -3_ ;d"xut pkef]Uo j:t'x?sf] pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsf -t/fO{_, k|yd cf7 dlxgf29
#=@ -_ ;d"xut pkef]Uo j:t'x?sf] pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsf -kxf8_, k|yd cf7 dlxgf30
#=# -s_ /fli6o yf]s d"No ;"rsf -jflif{s_
31
#=# -v_ /fli6o yf]s d"No ;"rsf -k||yd cf7 dlxgf_
32
#=# -u_ /fli6o yf]s d"No ;"rsf,-jflif{s cf}ift_
33
#=$ -s_ /fli6o tna tyf Hofnfb/ ;"rsf -jflif{s_
34
#=$ -v_ /fli6o tna tyf Hofnfb/ ;"rsf -k|yd cf7 dlxgf_
35
#=$ -u_ /fli6o tna tyf Hofnfb/ ;"rsf -jflif{s cf}ift_
36
#=% s]xL k|d'v j:t'x?sf] ;/b/ v'b|f ahf/ d"No
37
#=^
s]xL k|d'v j:t'x?sf] ;/b/ v'b|f ahf/ d"No
38
#=& -s_ cfly{s jif{ )^(.)&) df k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] d'No l:ylt -yf]s ljlqm
d'No_d'=c=s/ ;lxt
39
#=& -v_ s]xL k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"No l:ylt -sf7df8f} pkTosf_
40
#=* s]xL k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] cfk"lt{ l:ylt
41
$= d'b|f tyf a}ls
$=! df}lb|s ;j]{If0f
42
$=@ -s_d'b|f k|bfodf k|efj kfg]{ sf/sx
43
$=@ -v_d'b|f k|bfodf k|efj kfg]{ sf/sx
44
$=# a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t / pkof]u
45
$=$ jfl0fHo a}+sxsf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t / pkof]u
46
$=% jfl0fHo a}+sxaf6 c;'n x'g afFsL shf{sf] If]qut ljj/0f
47
$=^ ljsf; a}+s -v ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yf_ xsf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t / pkof]usf]
ljj/0f
48
$=& ljQ sDkgL -u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yf_ sf] ljQLo ;fwg tyf pkof]usf] ljj/0f49
$=* n3' ljQ ljsf; a}+sx? -u|fdL0f ljsf; a}+s ;d]t_ sf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t / pkof]u50
$=( g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 :jLs[lt k|fKt ljQLo ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t /
pkof]u
51
$=!) sd{{rf/L ;+ro sf]ifsf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t / pkof]u
52
$=!! gful/s nufgL sf]ifsf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t / pkof]u
53
$=!@ -s_aLdf sDkgLx?n] ;+sng u/]sf] lk|ldod tyf nufgLsf] ljj/0f
$=!@ -v_aLdf sDkgLxsf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t tyf pkof]usf] ljj/0f

%= k'FhL ahf/ tyf aLdf

%=! k|fylds ahf/ k|j[lQsf] l:ylt
%=@ bf];|f] ahf/ k|j[lQsf] l:ylt
%=# hLjg tyf lghL{jg aLdf sDkgLxsf] ;|f]t tyf pkof]usf] ljj/0f
^= afx\o If]q
^=!
a}b]lzs Jofkf/sf] l:ylt
ii

54
55
56
57
58
59

^=@ j:t'ut Jofkf/

60
^=#
ef/t lgof{t ePsf s]xL k|d'v j:t'x?
61
^=$ cGo d'n'stk{m lgof{t ePsf s]xL k|d'v j:t'x?
62
^=% ef/taf6cfoft ePsf s]xL k|d'v j:t'x?
63
^=^
cGo d'n'saf6 cfoft ePsf s]xL k|d'v j:t'x?
64
^=& kl/jTo{ ljb]zL ljlgdosf] cfo Joo
65
^=* a}+sx?;Fu /x]sf] s'n j}b]lzs ;DklQ
66
^=( zf]wgfGt/ l:ylt
67
&= ul/aL lgjf/0f / /f]huf/L
&=! -s_ ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]if cGtu{t sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePsf lhNnf / vr{sf] ljj/0f68
&=! -v_ ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]if cGtu{t sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePsf lhNnf / vr{sf] ljj/0f 69
&=@ b]zut a}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] l:ylt
70
*= s[lif tyf jg
71
*=! k|d'v vfBfGg afnL nufPsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj
72
*=@ k|d'v gub] afnL nufPsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj
73
*=# cGo afnL] pTkfbg l:ylt
74
*=$ kz'hGo pTkfbg l:ylt
75
*=% s[lifhGo j:t'x?sf] kl/df0ffTds ;"rsf
76
*=^ /f;folgs dn, pGgt aLp / sL6gfzs cf}iflwsf] k|of]u
77
*=& yk l;+rfO{ lj:tf/
78
*=* /f;folgs dnsf] d"No
79
(= pBf]u If]q
(=! ;d"xut cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg
80
(=@ ;d"xut cf}Bf]lus ;"rsf
81
(=# btf{ ePsf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] ;+Vof / l:y/ k'FhL nufgL
82
(=$ s]xL 5flgPsf pBf]ux?sf] pTkfbg Ifdtfsf] pkof]u
83
(=% -s_ cf}Bf]lus If]qx?sf] jt{dfg l:ylt
84
(=% -v_ cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] jt{dfg l:ylt
85
(=^ ko{6s ;+Vof j[l4b/ tyf a;fOF cjlw
86
(=& e|d0fsf] p2]Zocg';f/ ko{6s cfudg ;+Vof
87
(=* k|d'v d'n'sut ko{6s cfudg ;+Vof
88
(=( ko{6g If]qaf6 cflh{t ljb]zL d'b|f
89
(=!) xf]6n / xf]6n z}of ;+Vof
90
(=!! kj{tf/f]x0f bn / ;+Vof
91
(=!@ xf]d:6], xf]6n Joj:yfkg tyf ko{6g ;DaGwL tfnLd
92
!)= ef}lts k"jf{wf/
!)=! pmhf{ vktsf] l:ylt
93
iii

!)=@ ljB't pTkfbg tyf vktsf] l:ylt

94
!)=# k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] vkt ljj/0f
95
!!= oftfoft tyf ;~rf/
!!=! ;8s ;'ljwfsf] lj:tf/
96
!!=@ yk ;jf/L ;fwg ;+Vof
97
!!=# oftfoft ;'ljwfsf] lj:tf/ tyf ;fdfg 9'jfgL kl/df0f
98
!!=$ 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf lj:tf/
99
!#= ;fdflhs If]q
!#=! k|fylds, lgDg dfWolds / dfWolds ljBfno tyf ljBfyL{x?sf] ;+Vof 100
!#=@ k|fylds, lgDg dfWolds / dfWolds lzIfs ;+Vof
101
!#=# -s_;/sf/L tyf lghL:t/df ;~rflnt ljBfno, ljBfyL{ tyf lzIfsxsf] ljsf;
If]q cg';f/ k|fylds -!%_ txsf] ;+Vof
102
!#=# -v_;/sf/L tyf lghL:t/df ;~rflnt ljBfno, ljBfyL{ tyf lzIfsxsf] ljsf;
If]q cg';f/ lgDgdfWolds -^*_ txsf] ;+Vof
103
!#=# -u_;/sf/L tyf lghL:t/df ;~rflnt ljBfno, ljBfyL{ tyf lzIfsxsf] ljsf;
If]q cg';f/ dfWolds -(!)_ txsf] ;+Vof
104
!#=$ P;=Pn=;L= lgoldt k/LIffdf ;lDdlnt / pQL0f{ ljBfyL{x?sf] ljj/0f
105
!#=% pRr lzIffdf cWoog ug]{ ljBfyL{ ;+Vof
106
!#=^ lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf] ljBfyL{ pTkfbg ljj/0f
107
!#=& lqe'jg ljZjljBfno cGtu{t dfgjLo lrlsT;f ;]jf
108
!#=* :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] lj:tf/
109
!#=( vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ;'ljwfsf] lj:tf/
110
!$= ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfg tyf lghL/0f
!$=! ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] ljQLo sfo{s'zntf
111

iv

tflnsf !=! M s'n d"No clej[l4 -cf}Bf]lus ju{L{s/0f cg';f/_

-k|rlnt d"Nodf_
-= s/f]8df_
cf}Bf]lus juL{s /0f

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

cfly{s jif{

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69v.

2069/70k|f =

s[lif tyf jg
18362.1
19668.6
20859.1
22353.6
24332.3 30547.7
39151.9
dT:okfng
250.4
268.2
311.3
328.7
386.8
407.6
423.6
vfgL tyf pTvgg\
250.7
274.8
313.4
341.7
437.5
508.4
592.6
pBf]u
4167.3
4488.5
4784.0
5217.2
5718.5
6544.7
7092.4
ljB't, UofF; tyf kfgL
1197.4
1278.2
1317.2
1484.1
1521.9
1462.9
1524.4
lgdf{0f
3325.4
3664.4
4095.2
4509.9
5413.4
6374.1
7728.9
yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/
7921.9
7983.9
9021.4
9264.8
10530.6
12412.1
16106.7
xf]6n tyf /]i6'/fF
894.2
889.5
939.8
1004.3
1150.3
1394.3
1734.7
oftfoft, ;+rf/ tyf e08f/0f
4628.3
5133.6
6125.0
6955.5
7681.8
9261.8
9530.4
ljQLo dWo:ytf
1372.8
1734.2
2197.9
2846.7
3353.9
3910.0
4608.3
l/on Oi6]6, ef8f tyf Jofj;flos ;]jfx
3999.1
4924.2
6004.2
7079.1
7363.6
8162.5
9374.7
;fj{hlgs k|zf;g / /Iff
801.9
954.8
1096.7
1222.7
1435.2
1855.6
2169.5
lzIff
2631.3
3167.1
3499.6
4093.9
4872.2
6264.2
6138.4
:jf:Yo / ;fdflhs sfo{
582.5
701.7
784.2
856.8
1096.3
1374.4
1538.2
cGo ;fd'bflos, ;fdflhs tyf JolQmut ;]jfx
1414.0
1526.2
1684.0
2177.4
2650.0
3408.9
4142.3
s'n d"No clej[l4 -ck|ToIf ljQLo dWo:ytf ;d]t_
51799.4
56657.9
63033.0
69736.4
77944.2 93889.0 111857.1
ck|ToIf ljQLo dWo:ytf
1729.4
1809.4
1921.2
2150.5
2418.5
2936.2
3515.6
s'n d"No clej[l4 (Gross Value Added), -cfwf/e"t d"Nodf_
50069.9 54848.5
61111.8
67585.9
75525.7 90952.8 108341.5
pTkflbt j:t'x?df v'b s/
3605.0
4092.7
4296.6
5196.8
6040.1
7874.4
10935.8
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -pTkfbssf] d"Nodf_
53674.9 58941.2
65408.4
72782.7
81565.8 98827.2 119277.4
l6Kk0fL : Nepal Standards Industrial Classification (NSIC) k|d'v v08 !^ / !& sf] c+z gu0o ePsf]n] k|d'v v08 !% d} uflePsf] 5 .
;+= = ;+zf]lwt, k|f== k|f/lDes
;|f]t M s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu

47327.0

51129.0

54896.8

487.9

566.1

661.7

695.6

816.6

925.0

8053.1

9079.4

9870.9

2400.1

1748.8

2028.7

8935.6

9853.9

11045.6

17930.6

19763.2

23058.4

2105.7

2452.1

2914.1

10583.4

12399.0

14714.6

5011.1

6534.5

6720.7

10623.6

11999.1

13553.0

2483.0

2932.9

3029.9

6773.9

7907.7

8619.5

1708.7

2025.9

2202.2

4694.7

5405.0

5676.0

129814.2

144613.1

159917.2

4166.0

4999.2

5899.0

125648.2

139613.9

154018.1

11847.2

13986.1

16101.2

137495.3

153600.0

170119.4

tflnsf !=@M s'n d"No clej[l4 -cf}Bf]lus juL{s/0f cg';f/_

cfwf/ jif{ @)%&%*
-l:y/ d"Nodf_

-= s/f]8df_
cf}B f]lus juL{s/0f
s[lif tyf jg
dT:okfng
vfgL tyf pTvgg\
pBf]u
ljB't, UofF; tyf kfgL
lgdf{0f
yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/
xf]6n tyf /]i6'/fF
oftfoft, ;+rf/ tyf e08f/0f
ljQLo dWo:ytf
l/on Oi6]6, ef8f tyf Jofj;flos ;]jfx
;fj{hlgs k|zf;g / /Iff
lzIff
:jf:Yo / ;fdflhs sfo{
cGo ;fd'bflos, ;fdflhs tyf JolQmut ;]jfx
s[lif
u}x| s[lif
s'n d"No clej[l4 -ck|ToIf ljQLo dWo:ytf;d]t_
ck|ToIf ljQLo dWo:ytf
s'n d"No clej[l4 -cfwf/e"t d"Nodf_
pTkflbt j:t'x?df v'b s/
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -pTkfbssf] d"Nodf_
;+= = ;+zf]lwt, k|f== k|f/lDes
;|f]t M s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

cfly{s aif{

2063/64 2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68 2068/69;+=

2069/70k|f=

17139.4

17730.4

18026.0

18195.8

19251.4

19825.7

20219.6

21127.1

22170.6

22439.6

234.0

250.7

275.5

283.8

304.5

320.7

332.1

351.6

378.1

393.4

203.1

216.9

234.8

238.3

251.3

253.1

258.5

263.7

277.0

292.1

3716.3

3813.6

3889.8

3989.1

3954.5

3913.2

4029.1

4192.3

4344.5

4424.8

1069.3

1111.7

1156.2

1306.5

1320.4

1275.0

1298.9

1356.4

1470.5

1473.5

2770.1

2850.3

3069.0

3145.3

3304.3

3337.1

3543.0

3712.6

3720.7

3779.3

7006.6

6569.4

6809.9

6429.2

6696.2

7048.1

7523.7

7629.8

7862.5

8612.6

795.5

752.5

800.1

827.8

885.1

905.6

964.6

1024.4

1085.5

1159.7

3850.9

4098.5

4200.1

4409.4

4822.6

5158.5

5465.7

5750.4

6080.6

6489.9

1283.8

1595.7

1984.3

2210.3

2414.2

2463.2

2532.7

2616.3

2707.1

2887.0

3153.8

3470.0

3690.0

4124.0

4554.4

4642.1

4781.8

4889.4

5034.6

5117.2

801.9

855.1

913.9

926.2

931.9

1001.2

1040.5

1080.6

1134.6

1172.1

2513.8

2760.6

2864.0

3073.8

3271.6

3623.3

3863.8

3979.9

4179.7

4351.3

548.7

610.9

647.0

688.8

747.4

819.1

858.1

901.2

990.8

1059.7

1395.5

1348.3

1393.3

1664.3

1820.4

2052.0

2296.6

2459.9

2623.4

2759.8

17373.4

17981.0

18301.5

18479.6

19555.9

20146.4

20551.7

21478.6

22548.7

22833.0

29109.2

30053.5

31652.5

33033.1 34974.4

36491.4

38457.0

39856.9

41511.5

43579.0

46482.6

48034.5

49954.0

51512.7

54530.3

56637.7

59008.6

61335.5

64060.2

66412.0

1617.2

1718.0

1910.5

2147.6

2304.3

2372.5

2432.7

2582.1

2672.5

2836.9

44865.4

46316.5

48043.5

49365.1

52226.0

54265.2

56575.9

58753.4

61387.7

63575.2

3235.0

3457.4

3405.1

3838.8

4225.7

4745.5

5277.0

5216.0

5685.8

5945.2

48100.4

49773.9

51448.6

53203.8

56451.7

59010.7

61852.9

63969.4

67073.5

69520.4

tflnsf !=#M s'n pTkfbg -cf}Bf]lus ju{L{s/0f cg';f/_

-k|rlnt d"Nodf_
-= s/f]8df_
cf}Bf]l us If]qx
s[lif tyf jg
dT:okfng
vfgL tyf pTvgg\
pBf]u
ljB't, UofF; tyf kfgL
lgdf{0f
yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/
xf]6n tyf /]i6'/fF
oftfoft, ;~rf/ tyf e08f/0f
ljQLo dWo:ytf
l/on Oi6]6, ef8f tyf Jofj;flos ;]jfx
;fj{hlgs k|zf;g / /Iff
lzIff
:jf:y / ;fdflhs sfo{
cGo ;fd'bflos, ;fdflhs tyf JolQmut ;]jfx
df}l s s'n pTkfbg -cfwf/e"t d"Nodf_
;+= = ;+zf]lwt, k|f== k|f/lDes
;|f]t M s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu

cfly{s aif{

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69;+=

2069/70 k|f =

24594.4

26227.7

27805.6

29938.5

32940.1

40998.7

51487.1

62330.3

67541.1

72505.4

299.2

318.1

361.4

379.0

437.3

458.3

474.6

546.6

634.2

741.3

315.6

345.6

394.3

429.6

550.8

639.7

746.1

875.1

1026.4

1195.4

14894.0

16018.6

17087.5

18649.6

20410.7

23340.8

25286.9

28900.4

32680.6

35504.2

1956.1

2111.9

2263.7

2510.6

2641.8

2627.3

2947.8

3949.2

3475.1

4156.2

6693.1

7416.6

8314.7

9174.6

11163.9

13127.8

15872.8

18261.4

19934.9

22270.4

9415.5

9506.1

10736.5

11032.5

12540.2

14875.9

19303.6

21490.7

23687.0

27630.9

2762.1

2805.1

2947.7

3242.2

3753.6

4531.1

5604.1

6837.6

7911.8

9333.5

8126.9

9032.9

10734.8

12179.9

13312.5

15924.5

16402.4

18270.6

21381.3

25284.2

1936.7

2303.9

2793.9

3689.7

4390.7

5111.0

5999.5

7139.5

8668.8

9988.8

5499.1

6769.0

8569.8

10057.5

10788.7

12129.3

13958.1

15720.3

17727.8

19991.7

1068.2

1284.4

1428.8

1652.4

1922.4

2403.0

2887.9

3307.0

4145.2

4225.3

3397.5

4114.2

4497.9

5332.8

6326.3

8088.9

8249.5

9274.1

11013.9

12038.2

816.3

982.6

1093.0

1265.2

1535.7

1900.9

2186.3

2472.7

3075.8

3356.3

1993.4

2172.2

2368.0

3095.9

3745.3

4727.8

5862.9

6647.3

7770.1

8256.5

83768.2

91408.8

101397.7

112630.0

126460.1

150885.0

177269.4

206022.8

230673.8

256478.2

tflnsf !=$M s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgsf] jflif{s j[l4b/ -cfly{s ultljlw cg';f/_
-l:y/ d"Nodf_
-k|ltztdf_
cf}B f]lus juL{s/0f
s[lif tyf jg
dT:okfng
vfgL tyf pTvgg\
pBf]u
ljB't, UofF; tyf kfgL
lgdf{0f
yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/
xf]6n tyf /]i6'/fF
oftfoft, ;+rf/ tyf e08f/0f
ljQLo dWo:ytf
l/on Oi6]6, ef8f tyf Jofj;flos ;]jfx
;fj{hlgs k|zf;g / /Iff
lzIff
:jf:Yo / ;fdflhs sfo{
cGo ;fd'bflos, ;fdflhs tyf JolQmut ;]jfx
s[lif
u}x| s[lif
s'n d"No clej[l4 -ck|ToIf ljQLo dWo:ytf;d]t_
ck|ToIf ljQLo dWo:ytf
s'n d"No clej[l4 -cfwf/e"t d"Nodf_
pTkflbt j:t'x?df v'b s/
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -pTkfbssf] d"Nodf_
;+= = ;+zf]lwt, k|f== k|f/lDes
;|f]t M s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu

cfly{s jif{
2060/61 2061/62 2062/63

2063/64 2064/65 2065/66 2066/67 2067/68 2068/69v. 2069/70k|f=

4.72

3.45

1.67

0.94

5.80

2.98

1.99

4.49

4.94

1.21

12.23

7.13

9.91

3.01

7.29

5.31

3.55

5.88

7.55

4.04

-0.43

6.80

8.26

1.48

5.46

0.72

2.14

2.01

5.03

5.45

2.15

2.62

2.00

2.55

-0.87

-1.05

2.96

4.05

3.63

1.85

4.07

3.97

4.01

13.00

1.06

-3.44

1.87

4.43

8.41

0.20

-0.35

2.90

7.67

2.49

5.06

0.99

6.17

4.79

0.22

1.57

10.81

-6.24

3.66

-5.59

4.15

5.25

6.75

1.41

3.05

9.54

12.74

-5.41

6.33

3.46

6.92

2.31

6.52

6.20

5.96

6.84

7.49

6.43

2.48

4.98

9.37

6.97

5.95

5.21

5.74

6.73

6.19

24.30

24.35

11.39

9.23

2.03

2.82

3.30

3.47

6.65

-2.09

10.03

6.34

11.76

10.44

1.93

3.01

2.25

2.97

1.64

-0.64

6.64

6.88

1.35

0.62

7.43

3.93

3.85

4.99

3.31

5.12

9.82

3.75

7.33

6.44

10.75

6.64

3.01

5.02

4.11

6.11

11.33

5.91

6.46

8.51

9.59

4.77

5.02

9.95

6.95

13.43

-3.38

3.34

19.45

9.38

12.72

11.92

7.11

6.65

5.20

4.81

3.50

1.78

0.97

5.82

3.02

2.01

4.51

4.98

1.26

5.33

3.24

5.32

4.36

5.88

4.34

5.39

3.64

4.15

4.98

5.13

3.34

4.00

3.12

5.86

3.86

4.19

3.94

4.44

3.67

30.13

6.23

11.20

12.41

7.30

2.96

2.54

6.14

3.50

6.15

4.41

3.23

3.73

2.75

5.80

3.90

4.26

3.85

4.48

3.56

8.60

6.87

-1.51

12.74

10.08

12.30

11.20

-1.16

9.01

4.56

4.68

3.48

3.36

3.41

6.10

4.53

4.82

3.42

4.85

3.65

tflnsf !=%M s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgsf] ;+/rgf -cf}Bf]lus juL{s/0f cg';f/_

-k|rlnt d"Nodf_

-k|ltztdf_
cf}Bf]l us juL{s/0f
s[lif tyf jg
dT:okfng
vfgL tyf pTvgg\
pBf]u
ljB't, UofF; tyf kfgL
lgdf{0f
yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/
xf]6n tyf /]i6'/fF
oftfoft, ;~rf/ tyf e08f/0f
ljQLo dWo:ytf
l/on Oi6]6, ef8f tyf Jofj;flos ;]jfx
;fj{hlgs k|zf;g / /Iff
lzIff
:jf:Yo / ;fdflhs sfo{
cGo ;fd'bflos, ;fdflhs tyf JolQmut ;]jfx
;+= = ;+zf]lwt, k|f== k|f/lDes
;|f]t M s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu

cfly{s aif{
2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69v.

2069/70k|f =

35.4

34.7

33.1

32.1

31.2

32.5

35.0

36.5

35.4

34.3

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.6

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.6

0.6

8.0

7.9

7.6

7.5

7.3

7.0

6.3

6.2

6.3

6.2

2.3

2.3

2.1

2.1

2.0

1.6

1.4

1.9

1.2

1.3

6.4

6.5

6.5

6.5

7.0

6.8

6.9

6.9

6.8

6.9

15.3

14.1

14.3

13.3

13.5

13.2

14.4

13.8

13.7

14.4

1.7

1.6

1.5

1.4

1.5

1.5

1.6

1.6

1.7

1.8

8.9

9.1

9.7

10.0

9.9

9.9

8.5

8.2

8.6

9.2

2.7

3.1

3.5

4.1

4.3

4.2

4.1

3.9

4.5

4.2

7.7

8.7

9.5

10.2

9.5

8.7

8.4

8.2

8.3

8.5

1.5

1.7

1.7

1.8

1.8

2.0

1.9

1.9

2.0

1.9

5.1

5.6

5.6

5.9

6.3

6.7

5.5

5.2

5.5

5.4

1.1

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.4

1.5

1.4

1.3

1.4

1.4

2.7

2.7

2.7

3.1

3.4

3.6

3.7

3.6

3.7

3.6

tflnsf !=^M s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg, s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg j[l4b/ tyf d"No ;"rsf -j[xt\ cf}Bf]lus juL{s/0f cg';f/_
-= s/f]8df_
juL{s/0f
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -k|rlnt d"Nodf_-?=s/f]8df_
k|fylds If]q
ltLo If]q
t[tLo If]q
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg cfwf/e"t d"Nodf -l:y/d"Nodf_
-?= s/f]8df_
k|fylds If]q
ltLo If]q
t[tLo If]q
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgsf] aflif{s j[l4 b/
-cfwf/e"t d"Nodf_ -k|ltztdf_
k|fylds If]q
ltLo If]q
t[tLo If]q
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgsf] OlDKnl;6 d""No ;"rsf
k|fylds If]q
ltLo If]q
t[tLo If]q
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgsf] ;++/rgf -k|ltztdf_
k|fylds If]q
ltLo If]q
t[tLo If]q
;+= = ;+zf]lwt, k|f== k|f/lDes
;|f]t M s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

cfly{s aif{

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69v.

2069/70k|f =

50069.9

54848.5

61111.8

67585.9

75525.7

90952.8

108341.5

125648.2

139613.9

154018.1

18863.2

20211.6

21483.8

23024.0

25156.6

31463.7

40168.1

48510.5

52511.7

56483.5

8690.2

9431.1

10196.4

11211.2

12653.8

14381.6

16345.7

19388.8

20682.1

22945.2

24246.0

27015.2

31352.8

35501.2

40133.8

48043.6

55343.3

61914.8

71419.4

80488.4

44865.4

46316.5

48043.5

49365.1

52226.0

54265.2

56575.9

58753.4

61387.7

63575.2

17576.5

18197.9

18536.3

18717.9

19807.2

20399.5

20810.2

21742.4

22825.7

23125.1

7555.7

7775.6

8115.0

8440.9

8579.2

8525.3

8871.0

9261.3

9535.7

9677.6

21350.4

22060.9

23302.6

24353.9

26143.8

27713.0

29327.5

30331.9

31698.8

33609.3

4.4

3.2

3.7

2.8

5.8

3.9

4.3

3.9

4.5

3.6

4.7

3.5

1.9

1.0

5.8

3.0

2.0

4.5

5.0

1.3

1.5

2.9

4.4

4.0

1.6

-0.6

4.1

4.4

3.0

1.5

6.8

3.3

5.6

4.5

7.4

6.0

5.8

3.4

4.5

6.0

111.4

118.0

126.2

135.4

142.9

165.8

189.6

211.7

225.8

240.8

107.3

111.1

115.9

123.0

127.0

154.2

193.0

223.1

230.1

244.3

115.0

121.3

125.7

132.8

147.5

168.7

184.3

209.4

216.9

237.1

113.6

122.5

134.6

145.8

153.5

173.4

188.7

204.1

225.3

239.5

36.4

35.7

34.1

33.0

32.3

33.5

35.9

37.4

36.3

35.3

16.8

16.6

16.2

16.1

16.2

15.3

14.6

14.9

14.3

14.4

46.8

47.7

49.7

50.9

51.5

51.2

49.5

47.7

49.4

50.3

tflnsf !=&M s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -Joo ljlw cg';f/_

-k|rlnt d"Nodf_
-= s/f]8df_
vr{sf] juL{s/0f

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

cfly{s aif{

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68 2068/69v.

pTkfbssf] d"Nodf s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg 53674.9 58941.2 65,408

72,783
81,566
98,827
119,277
137,495
s'n pkef]u
47368.5
52130.1
59,533
65,637
73,547
89,504
105,619
117,603
;/sf/L pkef]u
4639.7
5245.3
5,679
6,695
8,066
10,653
11,919
13,092
;/sf/L pkef]u
3396.0
3462.5
3,711
4,374
5,500
6,984
7,747
8,607
JolQmut pkef]u
1243.7
1782.8
1,969
2,321
2,567
3,669
4,172
4,485
lghL pkef]u
41929.0
45953.0
52,781
57,691
64,109
77,276
91,699
102,213
vfB
24738.1
27112.3
31,141
34,038
38,504
48,455
57,499
65,079
u}/vfB
12033.6
13188.5
15,148
16,557
18,000
20,323
24,116
25,672
;]jf
5157.3
5652.2
6,492
7,096
7,605
8,498
10,084
11,462
gfkmf gsdfpg] ;+:yfx?
799.8
931.9
1,072
1,252
1,372
1,575
2,000
2,299
3/kl/jf/sf] jf:tljs pkef]u
43972.5
48667.6
55,822
61,264
68,047
82,520
97,871
108,996
s'n kF'hL lgdf{0f
13167.1
15590.7
17,563
20,878
24,727
31,303
45,649
52,727
s'n l:y/ kF'hL lgdf{0f
10918.1
11753.9
13,553
15,334
17,845
21,104
26,489
29,273
;/sf/L
1495.5
1721.3
1,751
2,465
3,299
4,428
5,367
6,381
lghL
9422.6
10032.6
11,802
12,869
14,545
16,676
21,122
22,892
:6sdf kl/j{tg*
2248.9
3836.8
4,010
5,544
6,883
10,199
19,160
23,454
j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] v'b lgof{t
-6860.7
-8779.6
-11,688
-13,733
-16,708
-21,980
-31,990
-32,835
cfoft
15815.1
17375.4
20,483
23,089
27,129
34,254
43,420
45,006
j:t'
13291.0
14571.8
17,154
19,044
21,796
27,923
36,669
38,837
;]jf
2524.1
2803.6
3,329
4,046
5,333
6330.8
6750.58
6,169
lgof{t
8954.4
8595.8
8,795
9,357
10,421
12,274
11,430
12,171
j:t'
5522.8
5995.6
6,148
6,149
6,197
6990.7
6317.8
6,870
;]jf
3431.6
2600.2
2,647
3,208
4,224
5283.0
5112.1
5,301
* n]vfsf] z]if (residual) sf] ?kdf k|:t't ul/Psf] . o;df statistical discrepancy /error ;d]]t ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .
;+= = ;+zf]lwt, k|f== k|f/lDes
;|f]t M s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu

2069/70k|f=

153,600

170,119

135,954

154,233

16,437

16,634

10,957

11,110

5,480

5,524

116,786

134,683

75,416

88,417

28,529

31,807

12,842

14,459

2,731

2,916

124,997

143,123

53,555

64,291

30,738

35,985

7,156

6,795

23,583

29,190

22,816

28,306

-35,908

-48,405

51,295

65,992

45,465

56,222

5,830

9,770

15,386

17,588

8,151

8,602

7,235

8,985

tflnsf !=*M s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -Joo ljlw cg';f/_

cfwf/ jif{ @)%&%*
-l:y/ d"N odf_
-= s/f]8df_

vr{sf] juL{s/0f
pTkfbssf] d"Nodf s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg
s'n pkef]u
;/sf/L pkef]u
;/sf/L pkef]u
JolQmut pkef]u
lghL pkef]u
vfB
u}/vfB
;]jf
gfkmf gsdfpg] ;+:yfx?
3/kl/jf/sf] jf:tljs pkef]u
s'n k'FhL lgdf{0f
s'n l:y/ k'FhL lgdf{0f
;/sf/L
lghL
:6sdf kl/jt{g *
j:t' tyf ;]jfx?sf] v'b lgof{t
cfoft
j:t'
;]jf
lgof{t
j:t'
;]jf
* n]vfsf]

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

cfly{s aif{

2064/65

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69v.

2069/70k|f=

48100.4

49773.9

51,448.6

53,203.8

56,451.7

59,010.7

61,852.9

63,969.4

67,073.5

69,520.4

42845.2

44695.7

46,892.1

48,565.7

49,284.9

52,291.0

55,267.6

56,313.8

59,962.8

61,431.4

4639.7

4697.3

4,732.8

5,071.9

5,237.8

5,746.2

5,822.0

6,585.2

7,634.3

7,017.2

3396.0

3100.8

3,092.0

3,313.6

3,571.1

3,767.1

3,784.3

4,329.5

5,089.1

4,686.9

1243.7

1596.5

1,640.8

1,758.3

1,666.7

1,979.1

2,037.7

2,255.7

2,545.2

2,330.3

37405.7

39221.9

41,321.7

42,541.9

43,076.3

45,546.8

48,298.4

48,524.9

51,025.7

53,124.6

22111.3

23309.2

24,830.7

25,099.7

25,135.1

27,114.5

27,889.3

27,520.2

29,611.4

31,360.8

10815.3

11000.2

11,359.0

12,209.5

12,549.9

12,920.1

14,219.6

14,361.4

14,641.7

14,894.2

4479.0

4912.5

5,132.0

5,232.7

5,391.4

5,512.2

6,189.5

6,643.3

6,772.7

6,869.7

799.8

776.5

837.7

951.9

970.7

998.0

1,147.3

1,203.6

1,302.7

1,289.6

39449.2

41595.0

43,800.1

45,252.1

45,713.8

48,523.9

51,483.3

51,984.3

54,873.7

56,744.5

10604.8

11608.4

12,123.3

12,732.6

16,503.5

17,920.5

24,091.9

24,155.4

24,274.6

29,166.1

9094.9

9142.7

10,157.0

10,694.0

10,892.2

10,945.9

12,764.7

12,672.3

12,197.8

12,944.4

1245.8

1338.9

1,312.1

1,718.8

2,013.8

2,215.2

2,420.5

2,762.2

2,839.5

2,444.3

7849.1

7803.8

8,844.8

8,975.2

8,878.3

8,730.7

10,344.2

9,910.1

9,358.3

10,500.1

1509.9

2465.7

1,966.4

2,038.6

5,611.3

6,974.6

11,327.3

11,483.1

12,076.9

16,221.7

-5349.5

-6530.2

-7,566.9

-8,094.5

-9,336.7

-11,200.7

-17,506.7

-16,499.8

-17,163.9

-21,077.1

13532.3

14464.7

15,398.7

15,852.3

17,150.9

19,317.5

24,776.2

23,615.6

24,416.1

28,894.0

11372.5

12130.7

12,896.2

13,074.7

13,779.5

15,747.2

20,924.2

20,378.0

21,641.3

24,616.2

2159.8

2333.9

2,502.6

2,777.6

3,371.4

3,570.3

3,852.0

3,237.7

2,774.8

4,277.8

8182.8

7934.4

7,831.8

7,757.8

7,814.2

8,116.8

7,269.5

7,115.8

7,252.2

7,816.9

5046.9

5534.3

5,474.8

5,098.1

4,647.0

4,623.1

3,848.9

3,847.7

3,808.3

3,882.8

3135.9

2400.1

2,357.0

2,659.7

3,167.2

3,493.7

3,420.6

3,268.2

3,443.9

3,934.1

z]if (residual) sf] ?kdf k|:t't ul/Psf] . o;df statistical discrepancy /error ;d]]t ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .

;+= = ;+zf]lwt, k|f== k|f/lDes

;|f]t M s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu

2065/66

tflnsf !=(M dWojtL{ pkef]u -cf}Bf]lus ju{L{s/0f cg';f/_

-k|rlnt d"Nodf_
-= s/f]8df_

cf}Bf]lus If]qx?

cfly{s aif{

2060/61 2061/62 2062/63 2063/64 2064/65 2065/66

s[lif tyf jg
6232.3
6559.1
6946.5 7584.9
8607.8
dT:okfng
48.9
49.9
50.1
50.3
50.5
vfgL tyf pTvgg\
64.9
70.8
81.0
87.9
113.3
pBf]u
10726.7 11530.1 12303.5 13432.4 14692.2
ljB't, UofF; tyf kfgL
758.7
833.8
946.5
1026.5
1119.9
lgdf{0f
3367.7
3752.1
4219.5
4664.7
5750.5
yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/
1493.6
1522.2
1715.1
1767.7
2009.6
xf]6n tyf /]i6'/fF
1867.9
1915.6
2007.9
2237.9
2603.4
oftfoft, ;~rf/ tyf e08f/0f
3498.6
3899.2
4609.9 5224.4
5630.7
ljQLo dWo:ytf
563.9
569.7
596.0
843.0
1036.9
l/on Oi6]6, ef8f tyf Jofj;flos ;]jfx
1500.0 1844.8
2565.6 2978.4
3425.2
;fj{hlgs k|zf;g / /Iff
266.3
329.6
332.1
429.7
487.2
lzIff
766.2
947.1
998.3
1238.9
1454.1
:jf:Yo / ;fdflhs sfo{
233.8
280.8
308.8
408.4
439.4
cGo ;fd'bflos, ;fdflhs tyf JolQmut ;]jfx 579.4 646.0 684.0 918.5 1095.3
df}lb|s dWojtL{ pkef]u -pkef]Qmfsf] d"Nodf_ 31968.9 34750.9 38364.7 42893.6 48515.9
l6Kk0fL : NSIC k|d'v v08 !^ / !& sf] c+z gu0o ePsf]n] k|d'v v08 !% d} uflePsf] 5 .
;+= = ;+zf]lwt, k|f== k|f/lDes
;|f]t M s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu

2066/67

2067/68 2068/69v. 2069/70k|f=

10451.0

12335.2

15003.3

16412.1

17608.6

50.7

50.9

58.7

68.1

79.6

131.3

153.5

179.5

209.8

270.4

16796.1

18194.5

20847.3

23601.2

25633.2

1164.4

1423.4

1549.1

1726.3

2127.5

6753.7

8143.9

9325.8

10081.0

11224.8

2463.9

3196.9

3560.0

3923.9

4572.5

3136.7

3869.4

4731.9

5459.7

6419.5

6662.8

6871.9

7687.2

8982.3

10569.6

1201.0

1391.1

2128.4

2815.9

3725.4

3966.8

4583.4

5096.7

5728.7

6438.6

547.4

718.4

824.0

1212.3

1195.4

1824.7

2111.1

2500.2

3106.2

3418.7

526.5

648.1

763.9

1049.8

1154.1

1318.9

1720.5

1952.6

2365.0

2580.5

56996.0

65412.2

76208.6

86742.3

97018.3

tflnsf !=!)M s'n /fli6o vr{of]Uo cfDbfgL / art

-k|rlnt d"Nodf_
-= s/f]8df_

ljj/0f
sfdbf/sf] tna eQf
v'b pTkfbg s/
pTkflbt j:t'df nfUg] v'b s/
s'n gfkmfldl>t cfo
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg pTkfbssf] d"Nodf
v'b kmofS6/ cfo
s'n /fli6o cfo (GNI)
;fdflhs of]ubfg tyf cGo rfn' 6fG;km/
s'n /fli6o vr{of]Uo cfDbfgL (GNDI)
clGtd pkef]u vr{
s'n ufx{:Yo art
s'n /fli6o art
s'n k'FhL lgdf{0f
;fwg / >f]tsf] art -+_ 3f6f --_
;+= = ;+zf]lwt, k|f== k|f/lDes
;|f]t M s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

cfly{s aif{

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69v.

2069/70k|f=

23207.8

24889.2

26288.9

28516.8

31719.5

36583.9

42876.3

50594.0

65822.8

71154.4

8.5

11.6

32.0

36.1

43.7

71.2

86.2

67.3

85.1

80.9

3605.0

4092.7

4296.6

5196.8

6040.1

7874.4

10935.8

11847.2

13986.1

16101.2

26853.7

29947.7

34790.9

39033.0

43762.5

54297.7

65379.1

74986.8

73706.1

82782.8

53674.9

58941.2

65408.4

72782.7

81565.8

98827.2

119277.4

137495.3

153600.0

170119.4

-168.4

163.7

495.6

743.2

794.7

1175.0

911.7

754.9

1478.5

779.6

53506.5

59104.8

65904.0

73525.9

82360.5

100002.1

120189.1

138250.3

155078.5

170899.0

8488.9

9770.4

12614.6

12899.2

18281.7

24948.7

28264.8

30785.9

42277.2

48683.7

61995.4

68875.3

78518.5

86425.1

100642.2

124950.8

148453.9

169036.2

197355.7

219582.7

47368.5

52130.1

59532.7

65637.4

73547.0

89504.2

105618.5

117603.0

135953.9

154232.9

6306.4

6811.0

5875.7

7145.3

8018.8

9323.0

13658.9

19892.3

17646.1

15886.5

14626.9

16745.1

18985.8

20787.6

27095.2

35446.6

42835.4

51433.1

61401.8

65349.9

13167.1

15590.7

17563.3

20877.9

24727.2

31302.9

45648.9

52726.8

53554.5

64291.0

1459.8

1154.5

1422.5

-90.2

2368.0

4143.7

-2813.5

-1293.6

7847.2

1058.9

tflnsf !=!! M s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgsf] d"No ;"rsf -OlDKnl;6\_

cf}Bf]lus If]qx?
s[lif tyf jg
dT:okfng
vfgL tyf pTvgg\
pBf]u
ljB't, UofF; tyf kfgL
lgdf{0f
yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/
xf]6n tyf /]i6'/fF
oftfoft, ;~rf/ tyf e08f/0f
ljQLo dWo:ytf
l/on Oi6]6, ef8f tyf Jofj;flos ;]jfx
;fj{hlgs k|zf;g / /Iff
lzIff
:jf:Yo / ;fdflhs sfo{
cGo ;fd'bflos, ;fdflhs tyf JolQmut ;]jfx
;du| d"No ;"rsf
;+= = ;+zf]lwt, k|f== k|f/lDes
;|f]t M s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu

cfly{s aif{
2060/61 2061/62 2062/63 2063/64

2064/65 2065/66 2066/67 2067/68 2068/69v. 2069/70k|f=

1.071

1.109

1.157

1.229

1.264

1.541

1.936

2.240

2.306

2.446

1.070

1.070

1.130

1.158

1.270

1.271

1.276

1.388

1.497

1.682

1.234

1.267

1.334

1.434

1.741

2.009

2.292

2.638

2.948

3.167

1.121

1.177

1.230

1.308

1.446

1.673

1.760

1.921

2.090

2.231

1.120

1.150

1.139

1.136

1.153

1.147

1.174

1.770

1.189

1.377

1.200

1.286

1.334

1.434

1.638

1.910

2.182

2.407

2.648

2.923

1.131

1.215

1.325

1.441

1.573

1.761

2.141

2.350

2.514

2.677

1.124

1.182

1.175

1.213

1.300

1.540

1.798

2.056

2.259

2.513

1.202

1.253

1.458

1.577

1.593

1.795

1.744

1.841

2.039

2.267

1.069

1.087

1.108

1.288

1.389

1.587

1.820

1.915

2.414

2.328

1.268

1.419

1.627

1.717

1.617

1.758

1.961

2.173

2.383

2.649

1.000

1.117

1.200

1.320

1.540

1.854

2.085

2.298

2.585

2.585

1.047

1.147

1.222

1.332

1.489

1.729

1.589

1.702

1.892

1.981

1.061

1.149

1.212

1.244

1.467

1.678

1.793

1.896

2.045

2.078

1.013

1.132

1.209

1.308

1.456

1.661

1.804

1.909

2.060

2.057

1.114

1.180

1.262

1.354

1.429

1.658

1.896

2.117

2.258

2.408

tflnsf !=!@ M ;dli6ut cfly{s kl/;"rsx

ljj/0f
k|lt JolQm s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -=_
k|lt JolQm s'n /fli6o cfo -=_
k|lt JolQm s'n vr{of]Uo /fli6o cfo -=_
k|lt JolQm s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -l:y/ d"Nodf_
k|lt JolQm s'n /fli6o cfo -l:y/ d"Nodf_
k|lt JolQm s'n vr{of]Uo /fli6o cfo -l:y/ d"Nodf_
k|lt JolQm s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg j[l4b/ -k|rlnt d"Nodf_
k|lt JolQm s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg j[l4b/ -l:y/ d"Nodf_
k|lt JolQm s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -cd]l/sL 8n/_
k|lt JolQm s'n /fli6o cfo -cd]l/sL 8n/_
k|lt JolQm s'n vr{of]Uo /fli6o cfo -cd]l/sL 8n/_
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgdf s'n ufx{:Yo jrt -k|ltztdf_
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgdf s'n /fli6o jrt -k|ltztdf_
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgdf j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] lgof{t -k|ltztdf_
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgdf j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfoft -k|ltztdf_
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgdf >f]t cGt/ -k|ltztdf_
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgdf s'n l:y/ k'FhL lgdf{0f -k|ltztdf_
;+= = ;+zf]lwt, k|f== k|f/lDes
;|f]t M s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu

cfly{s aif{
2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

21694

23300

25279

21626

23365

25056

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69v.

2069/70k|f=

28905

31946

38172

45435

51896

57202

62510

25471

29200

32257

38626

45782

52181

57753

62797

27227

30346

34323

39417

48262

56549

63800

73497

80685

19441

19676

19884

21129

22110

22793

23561

24144

24979

25545

19406

19809

20186

21569

22567

23301

24152

24655

25583

26079

22485

23083

24050

25354

27577

29114

29831

30145

32557

33508

6.66

7.41

8.53

14.34

10.52

19.49

19.03

14.22

10.22

9.28

2.39

1.21

1.09

6.26

4.64

3.09

3.37

2.48

3.46

2.27

293

328

350

410

491

497

610

718

706

717

292

329

352

414

496

502

614

722

713

721

339

383

420

487

606

628

759

883

907

926

11.75

11.56

8.98

9.82

9.83

9.43

11.45

14.47

11.49

9.34

27.25

28.41

29.03

28.56

33.22

35.87

35.91

37.41

39.98

38.41

16.68

14.58

13.45

12.86

12.78

12.42

9.58

8.85

10.02

10.34

29.46

29.48

31.32

31.72

33.26

34.66

36.4

32.73

33.4

38.79

2.72

1.96

2.17

-0.12

2.9

4.19

-2.36

-0.94

5.11

0.62

20.34

19.94

20.72

21.07

21.88

21.35

22.21

21.29

20.01

21.15

Chart Title
70000.0

60000.0

50000.0

40000.0
t[tLo If]q
ltLo If]q
k|fylds If]q

30000.0

20000.0

10000.0

0.0
2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69v.

2069/70k|f=

2060/61

k|fylds If]q
ltLo If]q
t[tLo If]q

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69v.

2069/70k|f=

17576.5

18197.9

18536.3

18717.9

19807.2

20399.5

20810.2

21742.4

22825.7

23125.1

7555.7

7775.6

8115.0

8440.9

8579.2

8525.3

8871.0

9261.3

9535.7

9677.6

21350.4

22060.9

23302.6

24353.9

26143.8

27713.0

29327.5

30331.9

31698.8

33609.3

4.4

3.2

3.7

2.8

5.8

3.9

4.3

3.9

4.5

3.6

tflnsf @=! M ;/sf/L vr{ / ;fwgsf] ;|f]t

-?= xhf/df_
zLif{s
/fh:j / cg'bfg
/fh:j
s/
cGo /fh:j

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70

sf] oyfy{

sf] oyfy{

sf] oyfy{

sf] cg'dfg

216,537,843

244,298,496

287,796,801

336,594,240

177,991,872

198,376,320

244,374,099

289,605,000

159,785,382

177,227,164

211,722,611

252,572,514

18,206,490

21,149,156

32,651,488

37,032,486

a]?h"
cg'bfg
a}b]lzs cg'bfg
vr{
rfn' vr{

2066/67

2,612,420

38,545,971

45,922,176

40,810,282

46,989,240

38,545,971

45,922,176

40,810,281

46,989,240

227,107,322

257,495,408

294,850,724

345,145,826

186,597,553

210,167,727

243,460,007

279,011,216

kfl/>lds;'ljwf
51,560,948
57,109,227
65,965,530
71,636,007
dfn;fdfg tyf ;]]jfsf] pkof]u
19,379,818
22,300,041
23,751,004
40,518,378
Jofh / ;]jf vr{
9,981,258
12,737,142
15,160,827
19,239,143
;xfos -;A;L8L_
4,100,690
5,988,071
4,640,459
4,624,018
cg'bfg -u|fG6\;_
81,875,338
90,573,254
103,679,916
106,786,967
;fdflhs ;'/Iff
19,594,567
21,361,120
30,140,281
36,006,222
cGo vr{
104,934
98,872
121,990
200,481
k'Fh Lut vr{
40,509,769
47,327,681
51,390,717
66,134,610
k'FhLut vr{
40,509,769
47,327,681
51,390,717
66,134,610
ah]6 art --_ Go"g -+_
10,569,479
13,196,912
7,053,923
8,551,586
ljQLo Joj:yf
-28,675,605
-18,166,055
-3,371,967
-8,551,486
v'b C0f nufgL
7,479,277
9,261,163
11,876,688
15,834,121
cfGtl/s C0f nufgL
9,433,229
10,703,857
12,063,693
20,229,121
cfGtl/s C0f nufgLsf] lkmtf{ -36fpg]_
1,953,952
1,442,694
187,005
4,395,000
v'b z]o/ nufgL
4,716,234
9,943,643
12,093,805
8,598,690
cfGtl/s z]o/ nufgL
4,716,234
9,943,643
12,093,805
5,768,690
a}b]lzs z]o/ nufgL
0
0
0
2,830,000
v'b a}b]l zs C0f
-480,363
-857,477
2,449,355
-9,989,747
a}b]lzs C0fsf] ;fFjf e'QmfgL
10,743,019
11,218,128
13,532,427
15,845,713
a}b]lzs C0f k|flKt -36fpg]_
11,223,382
12,075,605
11,083,072
25,835,460
v'b cfGtl/s C0f
-22,224,698
-36,513,384
-29,791,815
-22,994,650
cfGtl/s C0fsf] ;fFjf e'QmfgL
7,689,302
6,002,391
6,626,836
15,005,350
cfGtl/s C0f k|flKt -36fpg]_
29,914,000
42,515,775
36,418,651
38,000,000
art --_ Go"g -+_
59,929
-4,969,143
3,681,956
gf]6M g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( b]lv Government Financial Statistic (GFS) @))! cg';f/ cfo tyf
vr{sf] n]vfg u/]sf]n] ;f] cufl8sf] tYof km/s b]lvg ;Sg] 5 .
;|f]t M dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no

tflnsf @=@ s/ /fh:j

/fh:j zLif{s

cfo, d'gfkmf tyf k"+hLut nfedf nfUg] s/

11110 Psnf}6L kmd{ tyf JolQmut cfodf nfUg] s/
11120 lgsfosf] cfodf nfUg] s/
11130 nufgLsf] cfo tyf cGo cfodf nfUg] s/
11200 kfl/>ldsdf cfwfl/t s/
11210 kfl/>ldsdf cfwfl/t ;fdflhs ;'/Iff s/
11300 ;DklQ s/
11310 crn ;DklQdf nfUg] s/
11340 ljQLo / k'FhLut sf/f]af/df nfUg] s/
11400 j:t' tyf ;]jfdf cfwfl/t s/
11410 d"No clej[l4 s/ - d" =c =s= _
11420 cGtM z'Ns
11440 ljz]if ;]jfdf nfUg] s/
11450 k'j{fwf/ ;]jfsf] pkof]u tyf ;jf/L ;fwgdf nfUg] s/
11500 j}b]l zs Jofkf/df cfwfl/t s/
11510 cfoftdf nfUg] e+;f/ dx;'n
11520 e+;f/ dx;'n -lgo{ft
11560 j}b]lzs Jofkf/df cfwfl/t cGo s/
11600 cGo s/
11610 Joj;fon] e'QmfgL ug]{
11620 Joj;fo afx]s cGon] e'QmfgL ug]{
s'n hDdf
* cg'dflgt
11100

?= s/f]8df
k|yd cf7 dlxgf

cfly{s jif{
2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

2068/69

2069/70

3,382.13

4,135.03

5,130.30

6,168.11

2,588.12

3,220.24

929.09

1,091.89

1,229.28

1,481.28

634.38

798.73

2,020.61

2,393.11

3,049.44

3,626.21

1,413.00

1,624.59

432.43

650.03

851.58

1,060.60

540.73

796.93

70.98

155.50

178.58

77.68

96.18

70.98

155.50

178.58

77.68

96.18

551.10

357.25

358.84

421.15

146.88

181.56

0.00

0.0045

2.94

1.31

0.38

0.39

551.10

357.25

355.90

419.84

146.50

181.18

8,417.04

9,479.34

11,056.10

13,525.09

6,955.41

8,404.69

5,492.09

6,166.36

7,093.04

8,895.17

4,531.48

4,977.26

2,414.76

2,633.85

3,001.61

3,654.20

1,905.83

2,596.21

32.55

40.89

49.02

81.15

29.64

30.50

477.64

638.24

912.43

894.57

488.46

800.72

3,521.89

3,571.35

4,339.06

4,744.45

2,619.43

3,644.88

3,354.44

3,431.40

4,090.59

4,487.39

2,476.25

3,483.73

91.55

35.81

86.15

91.98

50.06

22.27

75.90

104.14

162.32

165.08

93.13

138.89

106.37

108.77

132.38

219.81

123.36

109.97

39.22

42.70

52.67

73.99

78.48

43.16

67.15

66.07

79.71

145.82

44.89

66.81

15,978.53

17,722.72

21,172.18

25,257.19

12,510.88

15,657.53

gf]6M g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( b]lv Government Financial Statistic (GFS) @))! cg';f/ cfo tyf
vr{sf] n]vfg u/]sf]n] ;f] cufl8sf] tYof km/s b]lvg ;Sg] 5 .
;|f]t M dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no

tflnsf @=# u}x|s/ /fh:j

/fh:j lzif{s
;DklQaf6 k|fKt cfo
14110 Jofh
14120 nfef+z
14150 ef8f / /f]oN6L
14200
j:t' tyf ;]jf ljlj|maf6 k|fKt /sd
14210 j:t' tyf ljlj|maf6 k|fKt /sd
14220 k|zf;lgs ;]jf z'Ns
14300
b08 hl/jfgf / hkmt
14310 b08,hl/jfgf / hkmt
14400
cg'bfg afx]s :j]lR5s x:tfGt/0f
14410 cg'bfg afx]s :j]lR5s x:tfGt/0f
14500
ljljw /fh:j
14510 k|zf;lgs z'Ns - e|d0f tyf ko{6g
14520 cGo /fh:j
14530 k'FhLut /fh:j
s'n hDdf
* cg'dflgt
14100

?= s/f]8df
k|yd cf7 dlxgf

cfly{s jif{
2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

2069/70

1159.54

1296.42

1765.24

2096.53

1,077.39

954.24

44.71

119.02

175.02

50.86

33.30

24.11

735.19

862.46

942.97

1316.14

641.61

500.42

379.64

314.94

647.25

729.53

402.48

429.71

223.13

244.82

691.316

746.83

410.76

775.75

77.63

86.87

460.436

508.31

288.37

339.84

145.5

157.95

230.88

238.52

122.39

435.90

9.51

13.38

31.56

34.41

18.14

19.04

9.51

13.38

31.56

34.41

18.14

19.04

0.01

0.15

0.08

0.13

0.03

0.61

0.01

0.15

0.08

0.13

0.03

0.61

428.37

560.1

776.92

825.3

368.74

460.93

382.89

403.06

548.19

585.29

299.47

409.74

37.68

131.96

228.01

239.24

68.89

50.63

7.8

25.08

0.72

0.77

0.39

0.56

1820.56

2114.87

3265.12

3703.2

1,875.06

2,210.56

gf]6M g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( b]lv Government Financial Statistic (GFS) @))! cg';f/
cfo tyf vr{sf] n]vfg u/]sf]n] ;f] cufl8sf] tYof km/s b]lvg ;Sg] 5 .

;|f]t M dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no

2068/69

tflnsf @=$ rfn' vr{sf] ;]jf tyf sfo{u t ljj/0f

?= s/f]8df
k|yd cf7 dlxgf

cfly{s jif{
l;=g+=
1

ljj/0f

;fdfGo ;fj{hlgs ;]jf

1.1 sfo{sf/L / ljwflosfsf] lgsfo, ljlQo / j}b]lzs dfldnf
1.2 afx|o cfly{s ;xfotf
1.3 ;fdfGo ;]jf
1.4 ;fdfGo cfwf/e"t ;]jf
1.5 ;fdfGo cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; ;]jf
1.6 ;fdfGo ;]jf - cGo jlu{s[t gePsf]
1.7 ;fj{hlgs C0f sf/f]jf/
1.8 ljleGg txsf ;/sf/x/ aLr x'g] ;fdfGo k|s[ltsf] x:tfGt/0f
/Iff
2.1 ;}lgs ;'/Iff
2.2 gful/s ;'/Iff
2.3 j}b]lzs ;}lgs ;xof]u
2.4 cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; /Iff
2.5 /Iff - cGo jlu{s[t gePsf]
;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff
3.1 k|x/L ;]jf
3.2 clUg lgoGq0f ;]jf
3.3 Gofofno
3.4 sf/fuf/
3.5 ;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff
3.6 ;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff-cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
cfly{s dfldnf
4.1 ;fdfGo cfly{s, Jofkfl/s / >d
4.2 s[lif, jg, dT:okfng tyf lzsf/
4.3 OGwg tyf phf{
4.4 vfgL, pTkfbg tyf lgdf{0f
4.5 oftfoft
4.6 ;~rf/
4.7 cGo pBf]ux?
4.8 cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;- cfly{s dfldnf
4.9 cfly{s dfldnf- cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
jftfj/0f ;+/If0f
5.1 k:f]x/ d}nf Joj:yfkg
5.2 9n Joj:yfkg
5.3 k|b'if0f Go"lgs/0f
5.4 h}ljs ljljwtf / e'-;+/If0f
5.5 cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; kof{j/0f ;+/If0f
5.6 jftfj/0f ;+/If0f - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

2068/69

2069/70

4091.30

4626.66

5455.04

8321.39

2904.47

2909.13

2182.46

2133.51

2667.17

5334.00

1440.8

1743.97

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

101.95

217.00

174.61

208.29

87.73

74.93

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

23.87

101.95

37.16

247.14

21.21

20.23

752.31

1041.52

1233.00

1489.72

848.74

624.87

1030.71

1132.68

1343.10

1042.24

505.99

445.13

1672.77

1754.74

2077.98

1920.80

1361.34

1361.91

1672.77

1754.62

2077.91

1920.74

1361.3

1361.89

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.12

0.07

0.06

0.04

0.02

2344.14

2558.92

3607.53

3505.71

2161

2169.76

1665.06

1832.64

2167.43

1946.74

1389.19

1388.07

0.52

0.39

0.41

0.40

0.26

0.26

127.64

138.06

174.93

180.88

109.49

104.32

40.39

49.87

64.27

66.47

43.51

44.57

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

510.53

537.96

1200.49

1311.22

618.54

632.54

2984.37

3465.24

3473.68

4014.20

2070.08

1677.93

740.21

926.49

670.52

905.80

418.49

256.26

1102.50

1356.14

1604.51

1773.29

953.88

896.60

382.14

221.78

171.75

256.42

115.04

50.01

4.01

4.15

5.16

4.63

4.01

3.33

441.20

615.53

623.63

671.24

345.24

281.88

216.90

210.74

267.16

240.57

164.99

145.95

97.41

101.19

91.40

126.08

59.83

41.40

0.00

29.22

37.63

34.37

7.21

1.54

0.00

0.00

1.93

1.80

1.39

0.94

63.99

63.70

46.51

52.43

34.9

18.54

0.52

0.65

0.54

0.54

0.36

0.35

0.08

0.12

0.32

4.29

0.21

0.19

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.02

1.38

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

63.39

62.93

45.62

46.22

34.34

18.00

tflnsf @=$ rfn' vr{sf] ;]jf tyf sfo{u t ljj/0f

?= s/f]8df
k|yd cf7 dlxgf

cfly{s jif{

ljj/0f
cfjfz tyf ;fd'b flos ;'l jwf
6.1 cfjfz ljsf;
6.2 ;fd'bflos ljsf;
6.3 vfg]kfgL
6.4 ;8s ljB'tLs/0f
6.5 cfjf; tyf ;fd'bflos ;'ljwf
6.6 cfjf; tyf ;fd'bflos ;'ljwf - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
:jf:Yo
7.1 cf}iflw pTkfbg, pks/0f tyf cf}hf/
7.2 jlx/+u ;]jf
7.3 c:ktfn ;]jf
7.4 ;fj{hlgs :jf:Yo ;]jf
7.5 cg';Gwfg ;]jf
7.6 :jf:Yo - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
dgf]/~hg, ;:s[l t tyf wd{
8.1 dgf]/~hgfTds / v]ns'b ;]jfx/
8.2 ;f+:s[lts ;]jf
8.3 k|zf/+f tyf k|sfzg ;]jf
8.4 wfld{s tyf cGo ;fd'bflos ;]jf
8.5 cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; ,;+:s[lts / wfld{s
8.6 dgf]/+hg, ;+:s[tL / wd{ - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
lzIff
9.1 k'j{ k|fylds / k|fylds lzIff
9.2 dfWoflds lzIff

2066/67

l;=g+=
6

9.3

:gfts txsf] lzIff

9.5 txdf jlus[t gx'g] lzIffcgf}krfl/s lzIff
9.6 lzIffsf] nflu ;xfos ;]]jfx?
9.7 lzIff cg';Gwfg ljsf;
9.8 lzIff- cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
10
;fdflhs ;'/Iff
10.1 czQm tyf la/fdL
10.2 j[4
10.3 pQ/ lhjL
10.4 kl/jf/ / lzz' sNof0f
10.5 a]/f]huf/
10.6 cfjf;
10.7 ;fdflhs ;dfj]zL
10.8 ;fdflhs ;'/Iff- cg';Gwfg tyf ljsfz
10.9 ;fdflhs ;'/Iff- cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
9.4

hDdf

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

2068/69

2069/70

257.17

289.80

323.41

509.72

135.34

88.91

9.93

12.80

24.54

52.46

8.07

5.45

0.00

0.00

6.21

10.00

1.51

226.95

237.37

261.84

417.29

115.35

72.61

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

20.29

39.63

30.82

29.97

11.92

9.34

1576.10

1673.23

1949.54

1921.21

1011.23

863.34

79.87

71.87

49.92

45.64

21.9

22.79

188.18

220.82

226.32

311.10

41.15

54.25

486.11

508.06

636.88

596.17

371.4

348.29

701.93

724.94

875.22

825.88

488.7

390.34

120.01

147.54

161.21

142.42

88.08

47.66

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

130.25

127.89

186.42

172.06

111.14

76.04

42.93

48.82

81.85

66.36

54.05

35.97

70.03

60.77

85.61

88.78

46.19

31.04

17.29

18.30

18.95

16.92

10.91

9.03

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

4611.07

5481.58

6191.42

6324.87

3396.19

3461.03

1662.85

1769.19

2085.57

2198.94

1312.41

1329.35

820.27

875.03

1034.69

1051.30

687.6

702.74

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1341.90

1858.19

1973.36

1787.89

780.31

719.59

786.05

979.17

1087.89

1251.55

611.05

704.35

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

9.92

35.19

4.81

5.00

928.39

974.90

1034.47

1158.66

517.8

538.54

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

115.01

91.38

72.44

88.78

27.29

9.20

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

743.15

802.59

861.62

973.77

440.89

494.31

0.00

0.00

10.75

7.04

0.35

0.58

70.23

80.93

89.67

89.07

49.28

34.45

18659.55

21016.66

24346.00

27901.05

13703.49

13165.13

* cg'dflgt
gf]6M g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( b]lv Government Financial Statistic (GFS) @))! cg';f/ cfo tyf vr{sf]
n]vfg u/]sf]n] ;f] cufl8sf] tYof km/s b]lvg ;Sg] 5 .
;|f]t M dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no

tflnsf @=% k'FhLut vr{sf] ;]jf tyf sfo{ut ljj/0f

?= s/f]8df
k|yd cf7 dlxgf

cfly{s jif{
l;=g+=
1

ljj/0f

;fdfGo ;fj{hlgs ;]jf

1.1 sfo{sf/L / ljwflosfsf] lgsfo, ljlQo / j}b]lzs dfldnf
1.2 afx|o cfly{s ;xfotf
1.3 ;fdfGo ;]jf
1.4 ;fdfGo cfwf/e"t ;]jf
1.5 ;fdfGo cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; ;]jf
1.6 ;fdfGo ;]jf - cGo jlu{s[t gePsf]
1.7 ;fj{hlgs C0f sf/f]jf/
1.8 ljleGg txsf ;/sf/x/ aLr x'g] ;fdfGo k|s[ltsf] x:tfGt/0f
/Iff
2.1 ;}lgs ;'/Iff
2.2 gful/s ;'/Iff
2.3 j}b]lzs ;}lgs ;xof]u
2.4 cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; /Iff
2.5 /Iff - cGo jlu{s[t gePsf]
;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff
3.1 k|x/L ;]jf
3.2 clUg lgoGq0f ;]jf
3.3 Gofofno
3.4 sf/fuf/
3.5 ;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff
3.6 ;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
cfly{s dfldnf
4.1 ;fdfGo cfly{s, Jofkfl/s / >d
4.2 s[lif, jg, dT:okfng tyf lzsf/
4.3 OGwg tyf phf{
4.4 vfgL, pTkfbg tyf lgdf{0f
4.5 oftfoft
4.6 ;~rf/
4.7 cGo pBf]ux/
4.8 cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;- cfly{s dfldnf
4.9 cfly{s dfldnf- cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
jftfj/ ;0/If0f
5.1 kmf]x/ d}nf Joj:yfkg
5.2 9n Joj:yfkg
5.3 k|b'if0f Go"lgs/0f
5.4 h}ljs ljljwtf / e'-;+/If0f
5.5 cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; ko{fj/0f ;+/If0f
5.6 jftfj/0f ;0/If0f - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

2068/69

2069/70

172.31

120.47

125.44

517.73

44.82

31.57

162.68

94.20

84.40

371.83

31.29

27.84

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

5.83

17.74

18.91

17.83

10.43

2.25

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.17

7.75

22.03

127.97

2.93

1.48

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

2.63

0.78

0.10

0.10

0.18

0.00

108.70

144.63

187.77

216.08

58.12

8.69

108.70

144.17

174.42

207.31

57.64

5.34

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.46

13.35

8.77

0.48

3.36

320.99

354.75

319.04

370.21

113.21

47.99

105.42

106.02

139.15

113.99

43.07

11.51

0.0050

0.0048

0.02

0.00

0.00

0.00

32.74

37.22

44.84

38.57

20.49

12.39

9.99

10.92

12.12

15.59

5.25

1.42

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

172.83

200.59

122.90

202.06

44.40

22.68

2631.14

3141.71

3387.92

4334.93

1018.68

998.50

69.92

313.97

30.67

37.11

10.46

5.95

904.92

895.08

1056.22

1318.07

371.44

356.98

22.83

10.48

18.23

25.62

6.02

7.48

0.10

0.09

0.83

244.69

0.18

34.48

1565.14

1835.37

2184.76

2597.89

589.29

565.74

23.16

26.37

25.74

35.12

16.81

13.92

45.07

60.32

70.41

64.56

23.65

13.95

0.00

0.03

0.03

10.92

0.02

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.02

0.95

0.82

0.00

71.56

45.99

45.21

38.15

12.79

5.02

60.26

4.70

5.54

4.35

0.89

0.55

0.76

2.59

6.93

5.72

2.44

1.12

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.15

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

10.54

38.70

32.74

27.93

9.45

3.35

tflnsf @=% k'FhLut vr{sf] ;]jf tyf sfo{ut ljj/0f

?= s/f]8df
k|yd cf7 dlxgf

cfly{s jif{
l;=g+=
6

2066/67

ljj/0f

cfjfz tyf ;fd'b flos ;'ljwf

6.1 cfjf; ljsf;
6.2 ;fd'bflos ljsf;
6.3 vfg]kfgL
6.4 ;8s ljB'tLs/0f
6.5 cfjf; tyf ;fd'bflos ;'ljwf
6.6 cfjfz tyf ;fd'bflos ;'ljwf - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
:jf:Yo
7.1 cf}iflw pTkfbg, pks/0f tyf cf}hf/
7.2 jlx/+u ;]jf
7.3 c:ktfn ;]jf
7.4 ;fj{hlgs :jf:Yo ;]jf
7.5 cg';Gwfg ;]jf
7.6 :jf:Yo - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
dgf]/~hg, ;:s[lt tyf wd{
8.1 dgf]/~hgfTds / v]ns'b ;]jfx/
8.2 ;f0:s[lts ;]jf
8.3 k|zf/0f tyf k|sfzg ;]jf
8.4 wfld{s tyf cGo ;fd'bflos ;]jf
8.5 cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; ,;+:s[lts / wfld{s
8.6 dgf]/+hg, ;+:s[tL / wd{ - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
lzIff
9.1 k'j{ k|fylds / k|fylds lzIff
9.2 dfWoflds lzIff
9.3

:gfts txsf] lzIff

9.5 txdf jlus[t gx'g] lzIff cgf}krfl/s lzIff
9.6 lzIffsf] nflu ;xfos ;]]jfx/
9.7 lzIff cg';Gwfg ljsf;
9.8 lzIff- cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
10
;fdflhs ;'/Iff
10.1 czQm tyf la/fdL
10.2 j[4
10.3 pQ/ lhjL
10.4 kl/jf/ / lzz' sNof0f
10.5 a]/f]huf/
10.6 cfjf;
10.7 ;fdflhs ;dfj]zL
10.8 ;fdflhs ;'/Iff- cg'zGwfg tyf ljsfz
10.9 ;fdflhs ;'/Iff- cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
9.4

hDdf

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

2068/69

485.04

558.28

678.45

748.59

231.68

175.20

100.42

88.84

113.01

106.43

31.90

19.79

0.00

0.00

0.66

0.00

0.00

0.00

316.91

282.57

290.10

333.62

98.69

52.29

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

67.71

186.87

274.69

308.54

101.08

103.12

219.59

314.26

337.47

326.30

116.27

82.11

6.22

16.73

4.12

24.98

10.47

11.86

4.14

12.27

4.22

28.84

1.72

0.48

19.58

21.73

25.04

22.27

7.63

4.44

186.49

255.08

294.09

246.46

94.59

63.73

3.16

8.45

10.01

3.75

1.86

1.61

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

13.89

14.31

20.19

18.56

10.51

1.40

0.16

0.45

4.99

0.07

4.25

0.01

9.10

7.48

12.24

10.37

4.19

1.14

4.63

6.38

2.96

8.12

2.08

0.25

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

10.05

17.08

13.88

18.25

3.48

1.08

0.00

0.05

0.09

0.19

0.04

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

3.58

11.51

8.03

10.50

1.11

1.06

6.47

5.52

4.26

6.21

1.43

0.03

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.51

1.35

0.90

0.00

17.64

21.08

23.69

24.48

6.28

2.41

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

2.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.09

0.06

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.29

0.28

0.00

0.11

17.55

21.02

23.40

22.20

6.28

2.30

4050.90

4732.56

5139.07

6613.28

1615.83

1353.99

* cg'dflgt
gf]6M g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( b]lv Government Financial Statistic (GFS) @))! cg';f/ cfo tyf vr{sf]
n]vfg u/]sf]n] ;f] cufl8sf] tYof km/s b]lvg ;Sg] 5 .
;|f]t M dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no

2069/70

tflnsf @=^ C0fsf] ;fFjf e'QmfgL, ;+:yfgx?df C0f tyf z]o/ nufgL
vr{ lzif{s g+=
31111

31211

32111

10

32211

10

lzif{s
;+:yfgdf C0f nufgL
;+:yfgdf ;]o/ nufgL
a}b]lzs C0fsf] ;fFjf e'QmfgL
cfGtl/s C0fsf] ;fFjf e'QmfgL

* cg'dflgt

;||f]tM dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no

?= s/f]8df
k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]

cfly{s jif{
2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

2068/69

2069/70

943.32

1070.38

1206.37

2022.91

125.91

111.57

471.62

994.36

1209.38

576.86

511.59

87.42

1414.94

2064.74

2415.75

2599.77

637.50

198.99

1074.30

1121.81

1353.24

1584.57

771.84

21.33

768.93

600.23

662.68

1500.53

0.04

8.44

1843.23

1722.04

2015.92

3085.10

771.88

29.77

tflnsf @=& M :jLs[t j}b]lzs ;xfotf /sd -;|f]t cg';f/_

= s/f]8df

cfly{s jif{

zLif{s

2060/61

!= lkIfLo
cg'bfg
C0f
@= ax'kIfLo
cg'bfg
C0f
#= hDdf
cg'bfg
C0f

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

k|y d cf7 dlxgf*

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

1475.55

1770.61

1310.64

2719.65

3690.00

3182.00

5291.30

4269.16

3162.00

822.36

2122.54

1475.55

1770.61

562.09

2365.50

3690.00

2482.00

3146.00

2123.86

1641.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

748.55

354.15

0.00

700.00

2145.30

2145.30

1521.00

1551.44

1692.69

616.87

1931.68

3607.98

2077.88

5970.90

7427.67

4526.57

1842.26

3213.85

73.34

416.73

350.88

1315.41

3544.33

1944.08

3335.78

3991.38

2687.68

896.60

1428.65

1478.10

1275.96

265.99

616.27

63.65

133.80

2635.12

3436.29

1838.89

945.66

1785.20

2373.80

3815.23

2092.42

3702.29

4918.62

4797.52

9660.90

10609.67

9817.87

6111.42

6375.85

895.70

2539.27

1826.43

3086.02

4106.42

4309.57

7025.78

6473.38

5833.68

3020.46

3069.65

1478.10

1275.96

265.99

616.27

812.20

487.95

2635.12

4136.29

3984.19

3090.96

3306.20

?= s/f]8 df

zLif{s

cfly{{s jif{
2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

lkIfLo

765.85

1,640.64

1,020.77

933.31

2,290.15

2,585.04

3,208.77

cg'bfg

761.78

740.18

957.56

872.02

1,835.09

2,173.80

2,883.33

4.06

900.46

63.21

61.29

455.06

411.24

325.44

1,438.33

944.79

1,909.29

2,701.86

2,686.79

3,214.73

1,980.57

cg'bfg

620.97

839.90

1,074.51

1,766.26

2,019.51

2,418.41

1,197.70

C0f

817.37

104.89

834.78

935.60

667.28

796.32

782.87

2,204.18

2,585.44

2,930.06

3,635.17

4,976.94

5,799.78

5,189.34

1,382.75

1,580.08

2,032.07

2,638.28

3,854.60

4,592.22

4,081.03

821.43

1,005.35

897.99

996.89

1,122.34

1,207.56

1,108.31

C0f
2

2069/70

2122.54

tflnsf @=* j}b]lzs ;xfotf pkof]u -;|f]t cg';f/_

2068/69

822.36

* ckl/is[t
;|f]t M cy{ dGqfno

l;=g+=

2068/69

ax'kIfLo

hDdf
cg'bfg
C0f

;|f]t M dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{no

tflnsf @=(M k|fKt j}b]lzs cg'bfgsf] ;]jf tyf sfo{ut ljj/0f

= s/f]8df
l;=g+=
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9

ljj/0f
;fdfGo ;fj{hlgs ;]j f
sfo{sf/L / ljwflosfsf] lgsfo, ljlQo / j}b]lzs dfldnf
afx|o cfly{s ;xfotf
;fdfGo ;]jf
;fdfGo cfwf/e"t ;]jf
;fdfGo cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; ;]jf
;fdfGo ;]jf - cGo jlu{s[t gePsf]
;fj{hlgs C0f sf/f]jf/
ljleGg txsf ;/sf/x aLr x'g] ;fdfGo k|s[ltsf] x:tfGt/0f
/Iff
;}lgs ;'/Iff
gful/s ;'/Iff
j}b]lzs ;}lgs ;xof]u
cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; /Iff
/Iff - cGo jlu{s[t gePsf]
;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff
k|x/L ;]jf
clUg lgoGq0f ;]jf
Gofofno
sf/fuf/
;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff
;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff-cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
cfly{s dfldnf
;fdfGo cfly{s, Jofkfl/s / >d
s[lif, jg, dT:okfng tyf lzsf/
OGwg tyf phf{
vfgL, pTkfbg tyf lgdf{0f
oftfoft
;~rf/
cGo pBf]ux
cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;- cfly{s dfldnf
cfly{s dfldnf- cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]

2066/67

cfly{s jif{

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

2068/69

k|yd cf7 dlxgf

2066/67

0.00

2069/70

385.85

723.76

589.45

421.42

259.15

346.42

375.38

380.28

375.35

177.10

86.19

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.92

1.00

14.17

45.87

6.39

1.58

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

37.51

347.38

195.00

0.20

75.66

1.54

0.42

0.00

0.00

25.66

0.00

0.42

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

25.66

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

185.81

96.30

261.00

358.90

11.63

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

6.92

4.47

3.05

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

178.89

91.83

257.95

358.90

11.63

45.75

1500.95

1843.27

1140.11

1602.93

553.96

316.77

517.21

270.11

346.63

154.54

40.16

198.78

221.90

248.29

454.31

70.34

35.99

415.05

219.84

180.20

329.91

114.54

14.97

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

544.28

884.32

441.51

450.57

214.54

33.07

0.00

0.00

0.00

11.46

0.00

0.00

26.07

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

10.05

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

89.31

0.00

45.75

124.19

cfly{s jif{
l;=g+=
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
8
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
9
9.1
9.2

2066/67

ljj/0f
jftfj/0f ;+/If0f
kmf]x/ d}nf Joj:yfkg
9n Joj:yfkg
k|b'if0f Go"lgs/0f
h}ljs ljljwtf / e'-;+/If0f
cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; ko{fj/0f ;+/If0f
jftfj/0f ;+/If0f - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
cfjf; tyf ;fd'bflos ;'ljwf
cfjf; ljsf;
;fd'bflos ljsf;
vfg]kfgL
;8s ljB'tLs/0f
cfjf; tyf ;fd'bflos ;'ljwf
cfjf; tyf ;fd'bflos ;'ljwf - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
:jf:Yo
cf}iflw pTkfbg, pks/0f tyf cf}hf/
jlx/+u ;]jf
c:ktfn ;]jf
;fj{hlgs :jf:Yo ;]jf
cg';Gwfg ;]jf
:jf:Yo - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
dgf]/~hg, ;:s[lt tyf wd{
dgf]/~hgfTds / v]ns'b ;]jfx
;f+:s[lts ;]jf
k|zf/0f tyf k|sfzg ;]jf
wfld{s tyf cGo ;fd'bflos ;]jf
cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; ,;+:s[lts / wfld{s
dgf]/+hg, ;+:s[tL / wd{ - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
lzIff
k'j{ k|fylds / k|fylds lzIff
dfWoflds lzIff

9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
9.8
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
11
11

:gfts txsf] lzIff

txdf jlus[t gx'g] lzIff cgf}krfl/s lzIff
lzIffsf] nflu ;xfos ;]]jfx
lzIff cg';Gwfg ljsf;
lzIff- cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
;fdflhs ;'/Iff
czQm tyf la/fdL
j[4
pQ/ lhjL
kl/jf/ / lzz' sNof0f
a]/f]huf/
cfjf;
;fdflhs ;dfj]zL
;fdflhs ;'/Iff- cg';Gwfg tyf ljsfz
;fdflhs ;'/Iff- cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
hDdf

2067/68

k|yd cf7 dlxgf

2068/69

2069/70*

2068/69

29.82

4.05

16.14

3.04

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

4.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.02

1.54

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

17.06

29.82

4.03

10.60

3.04

0.00

183.14

278.64

291.28

258.58

130.35

30.45

0.00

10.48

42.03

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

93.35

128.78

102.40

52.70

51.86

3.39

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

59.34

149.86

178.40

163.85

78.49

60.40

660.74

559.50

570.02

747.17

177.30

69.60

35.35

45.12

19.00

12.05

17.62

165.85

190.69

155.48

230.36

17.61

30.10

54.03

22.18

36.14

67.33

12.87

17.08

317.43

273.83

301.60

405.53

123.59

84.93

53.83

37.45

31.68

24.95

11.18

8.4

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.33

1.81

1.24

5.58

0.03

0.00

0.48

0.25

0.25

0.03

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.33

1.33

0.99

5.33

0.00

0.25

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

873.06

1032.60

1223.60

1217.05

352.37

26.09

32.31

4.65

37.22

2.46

1.80

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

707.91

965.49

1119.45

1013.59

349.08

348.79

139.06

34.80

88.28

129.90

0.47

60.98

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

11.22

36.34

0.36

4.90

47.10

26.40

0.28

45.38

0.11

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

45.98

20.95

0.00

26.63

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

10.00

0.00

0.12

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.01

0.00

1.12
3854.46

5.45
4592.10

0.28
4081.03

8.75
4698.81

0.10
1487.94

0.00
898.01

gf]6M g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( b]lv Government Financial Statistic (GFS) @))! cg';f/ cfo tyf vr{sf] n]vfg u/]sf]n]
;f] cufl8sf] tYof km/s b]lvg ;Sg] 5 .

0.00

2069/70

17.06

* cg'dflgt

;||f]tM dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no

2066/67

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

63.79

158.13

0.25

416.47

0.12

tflnsf @=!)M k|fKt j}b ]lzs C0fsf] ljj/0f

= s/f]8df
l;=g+=
1

ljj/0f

;fdfGo ;fj{hlgs ;]jf

1.1 sfo{sf/L / ljwflosfsf] lgsfo, ljlQo / j}b]lzs dfldnf
1.2 afx|o cfly{s ;xfotf
1.3 ;fdfGo ;]jf
1.4 ;fdfGo cfwf/e"t ;]jf
1.5 ;fdfGo cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; ;]jf
1.6 ;fdfGo ;]jf - cGo jlu{s[t gePsf]
1.7 ;fj{hlgs C0f sf/f]jf/
1.8 ljleGg txsf ;/sf/x aLr x'g] ;fdfGo k|s[ltsf] x:tfGt/0f
/Iff
2.1 ;}lgs ;'/Iff
2.2 gful/s ;'/Iff
2.3 j}b]lzs ;}lgs ;xof]u
2.4 cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; /Iff
2.5 /Iff - cGo jlu{s[t gePsf]
;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff
3.1 k|x/L ;]jf
3.2 clUg lgoGq0f ;]jf
3.3 Gofofno
3.4 sf/fuf/
3.5 ;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff
3.6 ;fj{hlgs zflGt ;'/Iff-cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
cfly{s dfldnf
4.1 ;fdfGo cfly{s, Jofkfl/s / >d
4.2 s[lif, jg, dT:okfng tyf lzsf/
4.3 OGwg tyf phf{
4.4 vfgL, pTkfbg tyf lgdf{0f
4.5 oftfoft
4.6 ;~rf/
4.7 cGo pBf]ux
4.8 cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;- cfly{s dfldnf
4.9 cfly{s dfldnf- cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
jftfj/0f ;+/If0f
5.1 kmf]x/ d}nf Joj:yfkg
5.2 9n Joj:yfkg
5.3 k|b'if0f Go"lgs/0f
5.4 h}ljs ljljwtf / e'-;+/If0f
5.5 cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; ko{fj/0f ;+/If0f
5.6 jftfj/0f ;+/If0f - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]

2066/67

cfly{s jif{
2067/68 2068/69

k|yd cf7 dlxgf

2069/70*

2068/69

2069/70

0.00

100.82

93.42

81.75

73.53

0.00

0.00

100.82

89.92

70.75

73.53

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

3.50

7.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

4.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

198.79

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

198.79

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

564.68

843.14

766.46

1712.51

91.44

118.56

102.47

207.37

50.58

173.75

28.24

45.25

109.32

72.25

106.25

104.78

37.59

25.63

170.08

505.02

501.03

1012.48

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

84.00

0.00

0.00

182.73

58.50

108.60

329.00

25.61

47.68

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.08

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

8.50

0.00

0.00

53.00

27.51

26.94

92.45

3.29

7.89

0.00

0.00

12.00

79.47

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

53.00

27.51

14.94

12.98

3.29

7.89

2066/67

ljj/0f
cfjf; tyf ;fd'b flos ;'ljwf
6.1 cfjf; ljsf;
6.2 ;fd'bflos ljsf;
6.3 vfg]kfgL
6.4 ;8s ljB'tLs/0f
6.5 cfjf; tyf ;fd'bflos ;'ljwf
6.6 cfjf; tyf ;fd'bflos ;'ljwf - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
:jf:Yo
7.1 cf}iflw pTkfbg, pks/0f tyf cf}hf/
7.2 jlx/+u ;]jf
7.3 c:ktfn ;]jf
7.4 ;fj{hlgs :jf:Yo ;]jf
7.5 cg';Gwfg ;]jf
7.6 :jf:Yo - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
dgf]/~hg, ;:s[lt tyf wd{
8.1 dgf]/~hgfTds / v]ns'b ;]jfx
8.2 ;f+:s[lts ;]jf
8.3 k|zf/0f tyf k|sfzg ;]jf
8.4 wfld{s tyf cGo ;fd'bflos ;]jf
8.5 cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; ,;+:s[lts / wfld{s
8.6 dgf]/+hg, ;+:s[tL / wd{ - cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
lzIff
9.1 k'j{ k|fylds / k|fylds lzIff
9.2 dfWoflds lzIff

l;=g+=
6

9.3

:gfts txsf] lzIff

9.5 txdf jlus[t gx'g] lzIff cgf}krfl/s lzIff
9.6 lzIffsf] nflu ;xfos ;]]jfx
9.7 lzIff cg';Gwfg ljsf;
9.8 lzIff- cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
10
;fdflhs ;'/Iff
10.1 czQm tyf la/fdL
10.2 j[4
10.3 pQ/ lhjL
10.4 kl/jf/ / lzz' sNof0f
10.5 a]/f]huf/
10.6 cfjf;
10.7 ;fdflhs ;dfj]zL
10.8 ;fdflhs ;'/Iff- cg';Gwfg tyf ljsfz
10.9 ;fdflhs ;'/Iff- cGoq jlu{s[t gePsf]
9.4

hDdf

cfly{s jif{
2067/68 2068/69

k|yd cf7 dlxgf

2069/70*

2068/69

2069/70

191.10

111.67

80.60

384.70

16.27

12.36

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

190.40

90.19

45.40

349.18

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.70

21.48

35.20

35.52

16.27

12.36

26.58

67.64

72.39

105.28

7.53

18.65

0.00

15.31

3.70

42.58

1.91

11.81

0.00

2.78

41.16

47.70

2.81

6.10

0.00

15.91

14.68

0.00

2.81

0.74

25.70

33.64

12.85

15.00

0.00

0.00

0.88

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

275.28

43.22

56.18

0.00

2.10

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

257.56

43.22

56.18

0.00

1.55

0.00

17.72

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.55

0.00

11.65

13.42

12.22

8.00

5.88

3.11

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.50

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

11.65

13.42

12.22

6.50

5.88

3.11

1122.29

1207.42

1108.21

2583.48

200.04

160.57

* cg'dflgt
gf]6M g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( b]lv Government Financial Statistic (GFS) @))! cg';f/ cfo tyf vr{sf]
n]vfg u/]sf]n] ;f] cufl8sf] tYof km/s b]lvg ;Sg] 5 .
;||f]tM dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no

tflnsf @=!! M v'b j}b]lzs C0f

= s/f]8df
l;=g+=

zLif{s

1 cl3Nnf] jif{;Ddsf] afFsL

2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
6

ljlgdo b/sf] km/sn]

36a9 ePsf]
of] jif{ k|fKt ePsf]
of] jif{ ;fFjf lt/]sf]
of] jif{ Jofh lt/]sf]
v"b ltg{ aFfsL C0f
ck|ToIf
cl3Nnf] jif{;Ddsf] afFsL
of] jif{ k|fKt ePsf]
of] jif{ ;fFjf lt/]sf]
of] jif{ Jofh lt/]sf]
v"b ltg{ aFfsL C0f
hDdf a}b]lzs C0f
cl3Nnf] jif{;Ddsf] afFsL
ljlgdo b/sf] km/sn]
36a9 ePsf]
of]] jif{ k|fKt ePsf]
of] jif{ ;fFjf lt/]sf]
of] jif{ Jofh lt/]sf]
v'b ltg{ aFfsL C0f

cfly{s jif{
2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

22273.39

22894.59

21785.09

21964.19

23396.86

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

619.24

959.74

774.37

549.62

576.58

202.16

k|yd cf7 dlxgf

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

21662.89

24996.54

27704.04

25624.33

25955.18

25955.18

30928.71

0.00

3263.20

2943.11

-1730.81

67.74

4756.69

2033.84

-900.38

373.28

1185.68

857.39

776.42

725.40

1384.92

1570.08

763.92

744.23

595.32

698.70

753.88

786.94

1012.03

1074.30

1221.81

1353.24

706.14

834.37

214.17

214.67

216.38

205.57

214.53

237.37

245.81

232.19

283.08

153.42

179.03

22343.01

23277.75

21964.14

23396.86

21662.89

24996.54

27704.04

25624.23

25955.18

30928.71

28046.80

29938.19

0.44

0.31

0.18

0.05

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.13

0.13

0.13

0.05

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.31

0.18

0.05

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

22273.83

22894.90

21785.27

23722.33

21231.09

21662.89

24996.54

27704.04

25624.33

25955.18

25955.18

30928.71

0.00

0.00

0.00

3263.20

2943.11

-1730.81

67.74

4756.69

2033.84

-900.38

619.24

959.74

774.37

373.28

1185.68

857.39

776.42

725.40

1384.92

1570.08

763.92

744.23

549.75

576.71

595.45

698.75

753.88

786.94

1012.03

1074.30

1121.81

1353.24

706.14

834.37

202.17

214.18

214.68

216.39

205.57

214.53

237.37

245.81

232.19

283.08

153.42

179.03

22343.32

23277.93

21964.19

23396.86

21662.89

24996.54

27704.04

25624.33

25955.18

30928.71

28046.80

29938.19

l6Kk0fL M ljb]zL ljlgdo b/sf] km/sn] ubf{ k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] ltg{ afFsL C0f /sddf km/s kg{ ;Sb5 .
;|f]t M dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no

2064/65

2068/69

2068/69

2069/70

tflnsf @=!@ M ;/sf/L C0fkqx / 6]h/L lanxsf] :jfldTjsf] ljj/0f

= s/f]8df
cfly{s jif{

ljj/0f

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

k|y d cf& dlxgf*

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2068/69

2069/70

1= ^]h /L ljn
s= g]kfn /fi^ a}+s

1581.69

980.44

1092.38

920.93

1376.88

1757.90

2254.86

3047.74

2817.89

2507.29

2025.89

1772.44

v= jfl)fHo a}+sx?

3117.38

3615.43

3950.16

5164.58

5861.15

6496.63

6105.48

6810.95

8646.11

10204.92

10259.52

11054.42

187.00

347.09

95.77

211.52

206.50

248.77

291.17

345.68

570.07

450.20

398.66

335.55

4886.07

4942.96

5138.31

6297.03

7444.53

8503.30

8651.51

10204.37

12034.07

13162.41

12684.07

13162.41

s= g]kfn /fi^ a}+s

179.60

329.83

151.87

151.86

151.86

29.65

30.23

30.91

34.82

38.20

36.82

38.32

v= jfl)fHo a}+sx?

724.09

658.74

810.45

627.10

628.03

701.67

1073.67

1472.87

1932.22

2678.06

2126.22

2639.06

u= ljQLo ;+:yfx?

362.17

390.37

435.58

413.18

463.65

660.81

784.24

898.29

1227.97

1602.15

1342.02

1541.45

125.00

179.76

263.51

263.51

405.64

496.54

636.52

653.91

653.91

781.98

653.91

741.98

u= cGo
hDdf

@= ljsf; C0fkq

#= sd{rf/L ;+ro sf]if

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

9.10

0.00

188.33

188.33

240.38

215.45

240.38

10.15

28.95

21.98

28.95

34.25

218.98

0.00

52.68

262.16

262.16

262.16

252.16

%= lghL If]q

116.57

92.56

223.50

214.30

59.45

10.75

56.86

0.00

9.66

9.66

9.66

9.24

h= ;]jfd'ns ;+:yfx

87.09

73.46

91.78

95.77

173.59

46.05

366.33

254.96

42.88

139.36

55.72

139.36

hDdf

1605.92

1754.92

1999.92

1795.92

1917.71

2173.54

2947.85

3551.94

4351.94

5751.95

4701.94

5601.95

1.50

1.45

1.68

= ;/sf/L Jofj;flos ;+:yfgx?

r= lghL If]qsf Aofj;flos ;+:yfx

3= /fli^o artkq
6.31

40.40

23.14

26.60

27.95

44.72

7.69

0.00

0.76

v= jfl)fHo a}+sx?

11.00

11.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

u= ljQLo ;+:yfx?

57.47

21.16

20.98

20.75

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

s= g]kfn /fi^ a}+s

#= /fli^o jLdf ;+:yfg

57.95

52.58

42.07

32.07

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

= sd{rf/L ;+ro sf]if

115.81

106.31

98.00

12.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

r= ;/sf/L Jofj;flos ;+:yfgx?

48.08

38.08

30.03

23.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

28.25

15.46

13.86

12.90

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

%= lghL If]qsf Jofj;flos ;+:yfx

55.17

46.38

40.33

19.56

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1002.06

1471.63

1002.06

582.94

571.61

389.26

240.80

123.74

66.98

14.00

0.00

65.18

94.88

64.49

94.70

962.98

902.98

657.67

387.68

151.69

111.69

21.69

0.00

1068.00

1568.01

1068.00

1568.01

s= g]kfn /fi^ a}+s -bf];|f] ahf/_

0.00

4.58

4.96

5.53

6.27

56.27

115.51

263.50

313.55

275.33

322.66

249.11

v= lghL If]q -JolQm_

93.11

113.31

137.93

162.36

132.83

245.16

327.85

248.79

149.36

136.97

139.62

103.19

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.40

0.74

1.60

0.74

1.60

93.11

117.89

142.89

167.89

139.10

301.44

443.36

512.69

463.65

413.90

463.02

353.90

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

h= ;]jfd'ns ;+:yfx?
em= lghL If]q
hDdf

1471.63

4= gful/s art kq

u= j}b]lzs /f]huf/L C0fkq

hDdf
5= ljz]if C)fkq
s= 25jif{] ljz]if C)fkq -g]=/f=a}+s_

0.00

417.17

472.23

472.23

475.58

447.22

480.04

480.04

520.00

487.11

487.11

487.11

487.11

499.28

422.39

345.40

346.98

277.35

33.94

22.96

16.97

15.80

15.76

15.76

0.00

1= g]kfn /fi^ a}+s

183.80

86.40

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

2= jfl)fHo a}+sx?

94.46

94.46

94.46

94.46

94.46

15.76

15.76

15.76

15.76

15.76

15.76

147.35

147.35

147.35

147.35

147.35

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

73.67

94.18

103.59

105.17

35.54

18.18

7.20

1.21

0.04

0.00

916.45

894.62

817.63

822.56

724.57

513.98

503.00

536.97

502.91

g]kfn /fi^ a}+s

2368.57

1913.88

1744.58

1580.50

2010.19

2368.58

2888.33

3862.15

3654.13

3309.43

2873.92

2548.66

jfl)fHo a}+sx

3946.93

4379.63

4855.07

5886.14

6583.64

7214.06

7194.91

8299.58

10594.09

12898.74

12401.50

13693.48

cGo

2149.03

2319.86

2156.77

2004.44

1783.78

2021.31

2484.17

2644.25

4172.36

5190.96

4144.48

4931.23

8464.53

8613.37

8756.42

9471.08

10377.60

11603.95

12567.41

14805.97

18420.57

21399.13

19419.90

21173.37

v= cfO{ Pd=Pkm= k|ld;/L gf]^ -g]=/f=j}+s_

u= cGo C)Fkq *

3= sd{rf/L ;+ro sf]if

4= AolQm
hDdf

0.00

502.87

502.87

487.11

6= s"n ^]h /L ljn tyf C)fkqx

s'n hDdf

* l;=lj=kf;, 20aif]{ ljz]if C)fkq / jg Ifltk'lt{ ljz]if C)Fkq ;dfj]z % .

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi^ a}+s

2068/69

s/ /fhZj
12,510.88
u}x|s/ /fhZj
1,875.06
j}b]lzs cg'bfg
1487.94
j}b]lzs C0f
200.04
hDdf
16,073.92

= s/f]8df

2069/70
15,657.53
2,210.56
898.01
160.57
18,926.67

tflnsf #=!M zx/L If]qsf] ;du| pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsf

-cfwf/ jif{ @)^@.^# !))_
dlxgf

cfly{s jif{
2059/60 2060/61 2061/62 2062/63 2063/64 2064/65 2065/66 2066/67 2067/68 2068/69 2069/70*

;fpg

86.4

91.0

93.2

100.0

104.5

110.4

123.5

135.9

148.9

160.3

179.3

ebf}

85.6

90.1

92.4

100.0

105.5

111.9

125.8

137.3

149.2

161.9

180.1

c;f]h

85.6

90.4

92.8

100.0

106.5

112.3

127.2

138.0

150.2

163.6

180.8

sflt{s

84.8

89.7

92.1

100.0

106.4

112.0

127.4

138.9

150.7

163.4

180.5

d+;L/

85.0

89.1

91.9

100.0

105.8

110.7

125.5

138.4

151.6

163.0

179.9

k';

85.2

89.4

93.5

100.0

104.6

109.6

124.7

138.0

153.6

164.0

180.1

df3

85.4

89.4

94.5

100.0

105.1

110.6

125.2

138.9

153.0

163.8

180.3

kmfu'g

84.2

87.8

92.9

100.0

105.4

111.7

126.1

138.6

153.3

164.1

180.9

r}t

86.1

87.6

92.7

100.0

105.6

114.0

127.2

139.6

154.4

166.0

j}zfv

85.0

86.1

91.6

100.0

106.6

115.4

129.8

141.2

154.5

168

h]7

84.7

86.3

91.6

100.0

106.7

117.5

131.6

142.3

154.8

170.2

c;f/

84.9

86.6

92.4

100.0

108.0

119.5

132.8

144.6

158.6

176.8

jflif{s

85.2

88.6

92.6

100.0

105.9

113.0

127.2

139.3

152.5

165.4

4.7

4.0

4.5

8.0

5.9

6.7

12.6

9.6

9.6

8.3

jflif{s j[l4b/ -k|ltzt_

* ckl/is[t
;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

tflnsf #=@ -s_M ;d"xut pkef]Uo j:t'x?sf] /fli6o pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsf, jflif{s
-cfwf/ jif{ @)^@.^# !))_
pkef]Uo j:t'x ?

ef/ k|ltzt

@)^#^$

@)^$^%

@)^%^^

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k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] cf}ift

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@)^(&)* % kl/jt{g

100.00

105.9

113.0

127.2

139.4

152.5

167.5

163.0

180.4

10.6

46.82

107.0

117.0

137.3

158.1

181.3

198.1

192.7

211.6

9.8

14.81

106.3

121.7

139.6

153.7

175.1

178.0

175.6

189.4

7.9

2.01

117.3

133.2

165.7

208.8

193.0

197.8

190.8

215.7

13.1

t/sf/L

5.65

111.5

119.9

133.4

160.7

217.0

280.1

266.6

df;' tyf df5f

b'Uw kbfy{ tyf cG8f
o" tyf t]n
kmnkm"n
lrgL tyf ld7fO{
d;nf
xNsf k]o kbfy{
dlb/f
;'lt{hGo kbfy{
/]i6'/f tyf xf]6n
u}/ vfB a:t' tyf ;]j f
nQf sk8f tyf h'Qf

5.7

106.6

115.0

141.8

171.5

186.3

201.6

195.0

225.3

15.6

5.01

107.7

116.1

133.1

149.0

170.7

195.2

190.1

209.7

10.3

2.7

106.5

128.8

150.0

143.1

146.7

169.9

161.5

191.1

18.3

2.23

106.1

110.6

128.4

154.7

184.7

216.9

211.3

220.0

4.1

1.36

92.8

83.5

122.2

177.6

212.3

239.1

229.3

264.9

15.5

1.46

117.8

122.6

137.4

175.1

215.7

198.5

198.1

201.1

1.6

0.96

103.7

107.8

128.6

152.6

168.5

179.0

173.8

194.9

12.1

1.72

104.6

106.8

119.1

133.5

142.1

150.0

146.1

159.1

8.9

0.85

106.7

116.1

135.2

152.1

172.7

194.5

187.0

216.3

15.7

2.35

103.3

110.6

136.5

164.2

189.7

213.9

207.9

235.7

13.4

53.18

104.9

109.2

119.0

124.8

131.5

144.9

157.1

11.4

8.49

103.5

107.0

116.0

124.8

141.4

163.5

158.2

180.6

14.1

10.87

105.6

111.7

121.0

124.9

134.1

144.2

140.0

156.8

12.0

4.89

106.7

112.9

127.8

135.7

143.4

164.5

159.2

183.2

15.1

3.25

102.8

108.6

114.0

117.8

122.7

128.9

126.5

136.4

7.8

6.01

108.7

111.2

129.7

123.6

136.1

158.8

153.5

173.9

13.3

3.64

100.0

100.0

100.1

100.1

89.5

82.1

82.8

80.6

-2.7

5.39

102.8

107.2

114.6

123.0

120.1

130.6

127.6

139.4

9.2

8.46

107.0

112.1

121.5

135.3

142.7

159.9

155.0

174.5

12.6

2.17

101.7

103.6

116.0

124.7

132.1

146.5

143.0

159.5

11.5

s'n ;"r sf
vfB tyf k]o kbfy{
cGg tyf cGgaf6 ag]sf kl/sf/
bfn

3/fo;L ;fdfg tyf ;]jf

kmlg{r/ tyf 3/fo;L pks/0f
:jf:Yo
oftfoft
;+rf/
dgf]/+hg tyf ;+:s[lt
lzIff
cGo j:t' tyf ;]jfx?
* ckl/is[t
;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

141.0

280.4

5.2

tflnsf #=@ -v_ M ;d"x ut pkef]Uo j:t'x ?sf] /fli6o pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsf -k|yd cf7 dlxgf_
-cfwf/ jif{ @)^@.^# !))_
pkef]Uo j:t'x?
s'n ;"r sf
vfB tyf k]o kbfy{
cGg tyf cGgaf6 ag]sf kl/sf/
bfn
t/sf/L
df;' tyf df5f
b'Uw kbfy{ tyf cG8f
o" tyf t]n
kmnkm"n
lrgL tyf ld7fO{
d;nf
xNsf k]o kbfy{
dlb/f
;'lt{hGo kbfy{
/]i6'/f tyf xf]6n
u}/ vfB a:t' tyf ;]jf
nQf sk8f tyf h'Qf
3/fo;L ;fdfg tyf ;]jf
kmlg{r/ tyf 3/fo;L pks/0f
:jf:Yo
oftfoft
;+rf/
dgf]/+hg tyf ;+:s[lt
lzIff
cGo j:t' tyf ;]jfx?
*kmfu'gkmfu'gsf] ljGb'ut
kl/jt{g

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

ef/

@)^$^% @)^%^^ @)^^^& @)^^^& @)^&^* @)^&^* @)^*^( @)^*^( @)^(&)

c;f/

c;f/

kmfu'g

c;f/

kmfu'g

c;f/

kmfu'g

c;f/

kmfu'g

k|ltzt kl/jt{g*
@)^*^( @)^(&)

100.00

119.5

132.7

138.6

144.7

153.3

158.6

164.1

176.8

180.9

7.0

10.2

46.82

123.5

149.6

155.0

166.1

181.8

186.3

189.5

208.4

210.9

4.2

11.3

14.81

133.8

142.4

155.0

163.5

175.8

173.2

180.6

193.6

2.01

141.7

180.8

210.4

203.5

193.4

186.7

190.0

205.6

214.0

-1.8

12.6

5.65

103.0

176.3

120.3

160.4

208.4

232.7

219.1

320.2

239.8

5.1

9.4

5.7

122.2

161.0

178.0

180.4

191.8

189.8

202.9

212.2

237.5

5.8

17.1

5.01

119.3

136.6

152.4

162.6

168.3

184.9

197.7

204.2

212

17.5

7.3

2.7

148.3

143.2

144.8

142.1

149.4

154.6

169.2

184.7

192.7

13.3

13.9

2.23

129.1

156.6

140.9

165.8

187.9

209.7

206.3

240.6

217.1

9.8

5.2

1.36

89.7

144.0

203.2

171.4

217.5

213.2

230.3

242.8

257.9

5.9

12.0

1.46

130.9

147.5

179.3

211.3

219.0

210.3

192.5

197

203.1

-12.1

5.5

0.96

113.4

141.5

152.0

157.9

165.5

170

175.5

182.6

196.5

6.0

12.0

1.72

108.7

123.4

136.1

136.8

139.0

142.6

151.8

159.9

158.5

9.2

4.4

0.85

120.4

141.7

153.3

155.7

179.5

181.8

195.6

214.3

217.8

9.0

11.4

2.35

117.9

149.0

166.9

173.7

193.0

198.7

215.0

223.9

241.4

11.4

12.2

53.18

115.1

119.4

125.7

128.2

132.4

138.0

153.4

158.3

9.4

9.3

8.49

108.8

119.4

125.4

129

142.6

151.3

164.3

174.2

183.3

15.2

11.5

10.87

123.5

119.1

127.1

132.7

135.2

137.9

143.7

153.7

157.7

6.3

9.7

4.89

118.7

130.9

135.6

140.6

145.6

153.9

165.1

174.2

186.2

13.4

12.7

3.25

110.0

115.4

117.8

119.1

121.2

124.2

129.0

134.2

137.3

6.4

6.5

6.01

133.6

125.7

124.4

125.8

138.5

148.6

162.0

170.5

175.6

17.0

8.4

3.64

100.0

100.1

100.1

100.1

89.7

83.8

82.4

80.5

80.7

-8.1

-2.1

5.39

110.0

117.4

123.9

124.6

121.4

123.8

132.2

134.4

140.3

8.9

6.2

8.46

112.4

121.6

136.0

136.0

142.4

155

155.0

174.5

174.5

8.8

12.5

2.17

104.4

117.3

126.2

128.9

133.0

140.2

146.1

152

162

9.9

10.8

171.5

144.9

-2.4

12.9

tflnsf #=@ -u_ M ;d"xut pkef]Uo j:t'x?sf] pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsf -sf7df8f}+_, k|yd cf7 dlxgf
-cfwf/ jif{ @)^@.^# !))_
@)^%^^
kmfu'g
s'n ;"rsf
vfB tyf k]o kbfy{
cGg tyf cGgaf6 ag]sf kl/sf/
bfn
t/sf/L
df;' tyf df5f
b'Uw kbfy{ tyf cG8f
o" tyf t]n
kmnkm"n
lrgL tyf ld7fO{
d;nf
xNsf k]o kbfy{
dlb/f
;'lt{hGo kbfy{
/]i6'/f tyf xf]6n
u}/ vfB a:t' tyf ;]jf
nQf sk8f tyf h'Qf
3/fo;L ;fdfg tyf ;]jf
kmlg{r/ tyf 3/fo;L pks/0f
:jf:Yo
oftfoft
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dgf]/+hg tyf ;+:s[lt
lzIff
cGo j:t' tyf ;]jfx?
* ckl/is[t
** kmfu'gkmfu'gsf] ljGb'ut kl/jt{g

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@)^&^*

@)^*^(

@)^(&)

kmfu'g

kmfu'g

kmfu'g

kmfu'g *

k|ltzt kl/jt{g **
@)^*^( @)^(&)

128.3

139.8

159.2

168.2

186.4

5.6

10.8

137.1

154.7

187.4

193.9

217.7

3.5

12.3

141.3

153.0

174.3

173.5

196.7

-0.5

13.4

152.2

211.0

177.9

179.3

199.2

0.8

11.1

121.8

115.0

234.6

233.4

261.5

-0.5

12.0

140.4

186.4

198.9

208.4

241.6

4.8

15.9

139.4

154.9

166.8

197.0

210

18.1

6.6

151.5

145.9

156.1

174.5

197.2

11.8

13.0

119.3

145.3

184.7

198.9

210.3

7.7

5.7

128

203.2

332.4

345.2

385.4

3.9

11.6

142.1

180.3

239.0

199.9

224.3

-16.4

12.2

130.4

152.3

142.4

149.9

172.8

5.3

15.3

126.4

129.1

116.8

128.5

140

10.0

8.9

150.7

163.4

174.1

183.0

218.7

5.1

19.5

141

171.3

197.8

217.1

239.2

9.8

10.2

120.1

126.5

136.3

146.9

160.4

7.8

9.2

117.1

122.6

138.6

155.0

174.7

11.8

12.7

116.4

122.8

132.4

136.3

155.9

2.9

14.4

131.2

137.3

154.4

170.2

195.6

10.2

14.9

113.1

112.9

126.1

132.7

140.3

5.2

5.7

128.9

127.0

125.4

144.3

157

15.1

8.8

100

100.0

90.0

83.9

83

-6.8

-1.1

120.7

127.0

146.8

164.8

173.6

12.3

5.3

128.3

148.7

162.4

173.2

180.4

6.7

4.2

121.7

127.4

136.3

149.6

168.7

9.8

12.8

tflnsf #=@ -3_ M ;d"xut pkef]Uo j:t'x?sf] pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsf -t/fO{_, k|yd cf7 dlxgf
-cfwf/ jif{ @)^@.^# !))_
pkef]Uo j:t'x?
s'n ;"rsf
vfB tyf k]o kbfy{
cGg tyf cGgaf6 ag]sf kl/sf/
bfn
t/sf/L
df;' tyf df5f
b'Uw kbfy{ tyf cG8f
o" tyf t]n
kmnkm"n
lrgL tyf ld7fO{
d;nf
xNsf k]o kbfy{
dlb/f
;'lt{hGo kbfy{
/]i6'/f tyf xf]6n
u}/ vfB a:t' tyf ;]jf
nQf sk8f tyf h'Qf
3/fo;L ;fdfg tyf ;]jf
kmlg{r/ tyf 3/fo;L pks/0f
:jf:Yo
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lzIff
cGo j:t' tyf ;]jfx?
* ckl/is[t
** kmfu'gkmfu'gsf] ljGb'ut kl/jt{g

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@)^%^^
kmfu'g

@)^^^&
kmfu'g

@)^&^*
kmfu'g

@)^*^(
kmfu'g

@)^(&)
kmfu'g*

k|ltzt kl/jt{g**
@)^*^(

125.0

137.3

148.1

158.6

174.7

7.1

134.1

154.8

176.0

182.7

202.8

3.8

136.4

157.0

176.4

168.3

190.5

-4.6

171.9

217.2

206.5

198.1

226.4

-4.1

118.5

125.1

185.2

199.0

212.1

7.5

144.3

171.3

183.1

192.6

230.5

5.2

132.8

149.2

160.5

189.7

203.5

18.2

148.8

143.7

144.0

166.0

189.3

15.3

114.1

137.7

195.7

215.5

227.7

10.1

123.8

202.3

176.8

189.9

213.9

7.4

128.2

175.5

206.1

184.0

187.4

-10.7

128.5

152.4

182.7

192.2

213.6

5.2

118.5

136.1

143.5

153.4

157.0

6.9

132.4

146.8

188.0

207.7

225.2

10.5

131.4

160.4

187.6

204.7

228.1

9.1

117.9

124.9

129.4

141.8

155.5

9.6

116.6

125.9

142.0

161.8

179.9

13.9

120.7

130.0

136.9

148.9

160.4

8.8

123.9

129.1

140.6

160.5

180.7

14.2

114.9

117.5

119.3

124.1

133.4

4.0

124.2

121.3

143.7

168.8

182.5

17.5

100.0

100.0

88.2

83.5

81.6

-5.3

115.9

126.6

108.5

117.6

127.3

8.4

121.3

131.0

133.2

143.7

168.2

7.9

113.5

127.0

133.8

146.8

162.0

9.7

pkef]Uo j:t'x?sf] pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsf -t/fO{_, k|yd cf7 dlxgf

-cfwf/ jif{ @)^@.^# !))_
k|ltzt kl/jt{g**
@)^(&)
10.2
11.0
13.2
14.3
6.6
19.7
7.3
14.0
5.7
12.6
1.8
11.1
2.3
8.4
11.4
9.7
11.2
7.7
12.6
7.5
8.1
-2.3
8.2
17.0
10.4

tflnsf #=@ -_ M ;d"xut pkef]Uo j:t'x?sf] pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsf -kxf8_, k|yd cf7 dlxgf
pkef]Uo j:t'x?
s'n ;"rsf
vfB tyf k]o kbfy{
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bfn
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df;' tyf df5f
b'Uw kbfy{ tyf cG8f
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kmnkm"n
lrgL tyf ld7fO{
d;nf
xNsf k]o kbfy{
dlb/f
;'lt{hGo kbfy{
/]i6'/f tyf xf]6n
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nQf sk8f tyf h'Qf
3/fo;L ;fdfg tyf ;]jf
kmlg{r/ tyf 3/fo;L pks/0f
:jf:Yo
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lzIff
cGo j:t' tyf ;]jfx?
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k|ltzt kl/jt{g**
kmfu'g
kmfu'g
kmfu'g
kmfu'g
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125.2

139.2

155.3

168.6

184.8

8.6

9.6

133.9

155.5

185.1

195.9

216.6

5.8

10.6

138.1

154.3

176.4

174.7

195.2

-1.0

11.7

157.9

199.1

191.9

190.0

212.5

-1.0

11.8

111.5

119.2

219.6

238.0

264.6

8.4

11.2

143.9

179.5

198.3

214.0

244.6

7.9

14.3

131.1

154.6

184.0

212.4

229.4

15.4

8.0

148.2

145.3

150.5

168.2

192.9

11.8

14.7

115.8

141.0

179.3

200.6

208.6

11.9

4.0

129.1

204.7

184.1

194.9

217.1

5.9

11.4

133.8

184.7

217.9

198.2

205.8

-9.0

3.8

139

150.7

168.2

182.3

199.8

8.4

9.6

119.1

144.9

162.4

182.2

186.7

12.2

2.5

131.5

152.5

172.5

192.0

205.2

11.3

6.9

146.8

173.4

196.3

230.5

267.8

17.4

16.2

118

126.1

132.7

147.5

160.5

11.2

8.8

119.1

128.1

148.5

180.8

200.2

21.8

10.7

119.8

127.4

135.9

144.5

155.6

6.3

7.7

133.2

145.0

143.8

167.0

184.3

16.1

10.4

117.8

124.4

118.6

132.8

140.4

12.0

5.7

122.6

126.4

146.8

174.2

188.5

18.7

8.2

100.4

100.4

91.9

78.9

76.6

-14.1

-2.9

110.8

115.9

116.3

123.0

127.8

5.8

3.9

114.5

129.9

135.8

153.8

178.1

13.3

15.8

115.0

123.4

127.7

141.1

154.1

10.4

9.2

tflnsf #=# -s_ M /fli6o yf]s d"No ;"rsf -jflif{s_

-cfwf/ jif{ @)%^.%& !))_
dlxgf
;fpg
ebf}
c;f]h
sflt{s
d+;L/
k';
df3
kmfu'g
r}t
j}zfv
h]7
c;f/
jflif{s
jflif{s j[l4b/ -k|ltzt_
* ckl/is[t
;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

2058/59

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

108.0

110.9

114.4

122.1

133.5

142.4

160.0

177.9

201.4

218.4

230.7

257.9

109.0

112.4

116.0

123.1

134.8

147.1

163.5

180.3

203.0

219.6

235.2

259.1

110.6

112.5

116.4

123.4

135.0

149.0

164.3

179.6

206.1

222.5

236.0

260.1

112.3

112.6

117.2

122.6

136.4

150.5

161.3

176.1

208.7

224.1

235.3

258.5

106.7

107.5

113.9

119.0

134.3

146.3

155.2

170.9

203.2

226.0

235.7

255.2

105.6

104.6

112.0

119.7

129.5

143.0

150.8

172.9

200.6

226.4

233.7

255.0

103.7

107.3

112.9

121.0

128.9

145.1

151.3

174.0

198.7

222.2

232.6

254.6

103.5

109.6

113.5

123.2

130.8

146.7

156.4

175.6

197.0

221.4

235.4

256.6

102.2

111.3

114.2

123.7

133.1

143.2

156.6

178.1

197.6

220.3

234.8

104.0

112.3

114.3

125.2

136.9

145.4

160.1

184.9

200.4

221.9

239.7

105.2

111.2

116.2

126.5

138.2

146.0

164.9

193.0

205.2

223.4

244.0

106.3

112.7

118.1

129.9

139.9

151.8

171.8

198.0

211.8

227.2

251.0

106.4

110.4

114.9

123.3

134.3

146.4

159.7

180.1

202.8

222.7

237.0

4.9

3.7

4.1

7.3

8.9

9.0

9.1

12.8

12.6

9.8

6.4

tflnsf #=#-v_: /fli6o yf]s d"No ;"rsf -k||yd cf7 dlxgf_

-cfwf/ jif{ @)%^.%& !))_
ef/ k|l tzt

s"n ;"rsf
s[l if;DaGwL j:t'x?
vfBfGg j:t'x?
gub] jfnL
bnxg
kmnkm"n tyf t/sf/L
d;nfx?
kz'hGo pTkfbg
:jb]zdf pTkflbt cf}B f]l us j:t'x?
vfBhGo j:t'x?
k]o tyf ;'tL{hGo j:t'x?
lgdf{0f ;fdu|L
cGo
cfofltt j:t'x?
k]6f]lnod j:t'x? tyf sf]O{nf
/f;folgs dn tyf /f;folgs j:t'x?
oftfoftsf ;fwg tyf d]lzg/L j:t'x?
On]lS6s tyf On]S6f]lgs j:t'x?
cf}iflw
sk8fhGo j:t'x?
cGo j:t'x?
* ckl/is[t
**kmfu'gkmfu'gsf] ljGb'ut kl/jt{g

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

@)^^.^& @)^^.^& @)^&.^* @)^&.^* @)^*.^( @)^*.^( @)^(.&) k|l tzt kl/jt{g **
kmfu'g
c;f/
kmfu'g
c;f/
kmfu'g
c;f/
kmfu'g * @)^*.^( @)^(.&)

100.00

197.0

211.8

221.4

227.2

235.4

251.0

256.6

6.3

9.0

49.59

209.0

233.9

241.1

244.3

245.3

271.6

275.5

1.7

12.3

16.59

199.6

207.5

219.3

202.3

206.2

205.8

225.5

-6.0

9.4

6.09

180.8

241.8

221.8

251.4

243.7

340.3

323.8

9.9

32.9

3.77

282.7

289.4

281.2

248.2

271.5

278.2

293.7

-3.4

8.2

11.18

156.6

195.1

202.0

241.0

229.9

275.6

249.1

13.8

8.4

1.95

184.7

245.4

281.1

258.1

226.5

216.3

234.1

-19.4

3.4

10.02

277.0

293.1

309.7

309.2

322.0

342.9

359.5

4.0

11.6

20.37

183.0

184.2

198.0

205.3

216.9

221.0

224.4

9.5

3.5

6.12

182.3

180.0

180.6

189.7

206.4

211.3

219.5

14.3

6.3

5.69

182.8

182.8

211.1

220.2

231.7

235.6

237.0

9.8

2.3

4.50

229.2

237.7

241.2

246.3

257.2

263.1

260.3

6.6

1.2

4.07

133.2

133.2

158.1

162.5

167.3

168.4

174.6

5.8

4.4

30.03

186.7

194.1

204.9

213.7

231.6

237.2

247.0

13.0

6.6

5.40

315.9

347.4

372.3

398.6

458.6

490.0

529.7

23.2

15.5

2.46

186.6

187.3

197.9

204.2

206.9

206.9

228.1

4.5

10.2

6.97

163.0

164.5

175.8

180.3

188.2

188.4

188.5

7.1

0.2

1.87

98.7

100.5

98.7

99.1

110.8

110.8

110.8

12.3

0.0

2.73

130.1

131.5

137.2

137.4

141.7

146.1

146.1

3.3

3.1

3.10

127.7

134.2

136.5

141.8

170.6

170.5

171.3

25.0

0.4

7.45

182.9

184.3

193.0

200.7

204.7

202.8

206.2

6.1

0.7

tflnsf #=# -u_ M /fli6o yf]s d"No ;"rsf,-jflif{s cf}ift_

-cfwf/ jif{ @)%^.%& !))_
ef/
k|ltzt

s"n ;"rsf
s[lif;DaGwL j:t'x?
vfBfGg j:t'x?
gub] jfnL
bnxg
kmnkm"n tyf t/sf/L
d;nfx?
kz'hGo pTkfbg
:jb]zdf pTkflbt cf}Bf]lus j:t'x?
vfBhGo j:t'x?
k]o tyf ;'tL{hGo j:t'x?
lgdf{0f ;fdu|L
cGo
cfofltt j:t'x?
k]6f]lnod j:t'x? tyf sf]O{nf
/f;folgs dn tyf /f;folgs j:t'x?
oftfoftsf ;fwg tyf d]lzg/L j:t'x?
On]lS6s tyf On]S6f]lgs j:t'x?
cf}iflw
sk8fhGo j:t'x?
cGo j:t'x?

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

@)^#^$ @)^$^% @)^%^^ )^^^& )^&^* )^*^(

k|ltzt kl/jt{g
@)^&^* @)^*^(

100.00

146.4

159.7

180.1

202.8

222.8

237.0

12.6

6.4

49.59

145.3

159.1

181.3

222.7

246.7

252.8

22.8

2.5

16.59

131.9

148.9

161.5

189.3

214.0

203.7

17.2

-4.8

6.09

183.0

191.8

199.6

275.4

245.4

279.7

38.0

14.0

3.77

164.2

186.1

226.6

278.6

275.6

266.2

22.9

-3.4

11.18

131.7

146.7

166.7

182.4

225.4

251.4

9.4

11.5

1.95

132.5

129.2

143.9

198.0

273.4

229.7

37.6

-16.0

10.02

155.0

165.9

209.6

274.5

309.3

318.7

31.0

3.0

20.37

136.7

148.7

164.9

179.0

195.2

213.9

8.6

9.6

6.12

125.9

138.0

153.8

173.1

183.0

202.7

12.5

10.8

5.69

135.2

143.3

160.0

181.5

207.4

231.4

13.4

11.6

4.50

172.3

196.1

217.9

226.6

138.3

250.9

4.0

81.4

4.07

115.9

120.2

129.9

131.8

148.8

165.3

1.5

11.1

30.03

154.7

168.0

188.4

186.2

202.1

226.6

-1.2

12.1

5.40

267.3

298.9

330.0

314.2

364.0

441.2

-4.8

21.2

2.46

169.5

194.6

209.9

189.1

198.3

206.7

-9.9

4.2

6.97

128.2

138.1

165.4

163.0

172.4

185.9

-1.5

7.8

1.87

95.6

95.2

100.1

97.0

99.9

111.2

-3.1

11.3

2.73

113.5

116.2

123.0

132.2

134.4

138.1

7.5

2.8

3.10

110.7

108.1

125.0

128.8

135.7

167.3

3.0

23.3

7.45

141.5

154.6

173.0

180.1

192.0

202.1

4.1

5.3

tflnsf #=$ -s_ M /fli6o tna tyf Hofnfb/ ;"rsf -jflif{s_

-cfwf/ jif{ @)^!.^@ !))_
dlxgf

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

;fpg

101.9

109.3

122.8

132.8

162.3

185.4

241.9

271.4

ebf}

101.9

109.6

123.3

134.6

162.6

187.9

245.3

273.7

c;f]h

102.2

110.4

123.5

134.7

164.5

190.2

247.0

274.3

sflt{s

103.2

112.2

123.5

135.8

165.9

190.6

247.0

275.8

d+;L/

103.6

114.2

123.3

141.3

165.9

190.6

249.7

275.8

k';

104.3

114.4

124.8

144.0

169.5

190.6

251.7

277.5

df3

104.3

114.6

124.7

145.3

169.5

197.5

256.9

277.5

kmfu'g

104.3

114.8

125.1

149.2

169.6

202.0

257.7

277.7

r}t

104.9

114.8

125.4

150.8

171.7

214.3

259.9

j}zfv

104.8

117.3

125.5

152.0

171.7

214.3

262.8

h]7

105.7

118.0

127.6

155.0

175.7

216.6

262.8

c;f/

106.2

119.3

132.6

157.0

181.8

216.6

270.4

jflif{s

103.9

114.1

125.2

144.4

169.2

199.7

254.4

3.9

9.7

9.7

15.3

17.2

18.0

27.4

jflif{s j[l4b/ -k|ltzt_

* ckl/is[t

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

tflnsf #=$ -v_ M /fli6o tna tyf Hofnfb/ ;"rsf -k|yd cf7 dlxgf_
-cfwf/ jif{ @)^!^@ !))_
l;=g+=

;d"x /pk;d"x

s"n ;"rsf
1
tna ;"rsf
1.1
lghfdtL ;]jf
1.2
;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgx?
1.3
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?
1.4
;}lgs tyf k|x/L ;]jf
1.5
lzIff
1.6
lghL ;+u7gx?
2
Hofnfb/ ;"rsf
2.1
s[lif dhb"/
k'?if
dlxnf
2.2
cf}Bf]lus dhb"/
pRr bIf
bIf
cw{bIf
cbIf
2.3
lgdf{0f dhb"/
8sdL{
bIf
cbIf
l;sdL{
bIf
cbIf
HofdL
k'?if
dlxnf
* ckl/is[t
** kmfu'gkmfu'gsf] ljGb'ut kl/jt{g

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

ef/ k|ltzt

@)^%^^
c;f/

@)^^^&
kmfu'g

@)^^^&
c;f/

@)^&^*
kmfu'g

@)^&^*
c;f/

@)^*^(
kmfu'g

@)^*^(
c;f/

@)^(&)
kmfu'g *

k|ltzt kl/jt{g **
@)^*^( @)^(&)

100.00

157.0

169.6

181.8

202.0

216.6

257.7

270.4

277.7

27.6

7.8

26.97

138.0

157.0

157.0

157.0

157.0

187.3

187.3

187.3

19.3

0.0

2.82

173.9

199.3

199.3

199.3

199.3

236.5

236.5

236.5

18.7

0.0

1.14

147.7

164.1

164.1

164.1

164.1

210.0

210.0

210.0

28.0

0.0

0.55

201.5

204.1

204.1

204.1

204.1

290.6

290.6

290.6

42.4

0.0

4.01

159.4

180.2

180.2

180.2

180.2

227.9

227.9

227.9

26.5

0.0

10.55

142.6

174.5

174.5

174.5

174.5

207.8

207.8

207.8

19.1

0.0

7.90

102.5

102.5

102.5

102.5

102.5

111.3

111.3

111.3

8.6

0.0

73.03

163.9

174.2

191.0

218.6

238.6

283.7

301.1

311.0

29.8

9.6

39.49

173.3

187.2

215.0

251.9

279.8

320.1

345.4

360.2

27.1

12.5

20.49

177.4

189.1

216.7

258.8

280.5

321.0

344.8

353.6

24.0

10.2

19.00

169.0

185.1

213.1

244.4

279.0

319.2

346.2

367.2

30.6

15.0

25.25

153.9

159.9

160.6

176.5

182.4

237.1

243.1

248.3

34.3

4.7

6.31

140.0

147.2

146.1

174.3

179.5

222.4

229.8

233.3

27.6

4.9

6.31

150.5

157.4

158.0

171.4

178.3

232.6

237.2

241.5

35.7

3.8

6.31

157.1

162.8

163.5

171.5

176.9

236.7

242.3

247.7

38.0

4.6

6.32

168.1

172.2

174.7

188.9

194.9

256.6

263.1

270.7

35.8

5.5

8.29

149.7

156.1

169.3

187.9

213.7

251.9

266.8

267.8

34.1

6.3

2.76

144.7

151.4

162.0

177.8

201.8

238.2

245.5

248.4

34.0

4.3

1.38

143.5

149.5

160.9

176.0

197.3

227.6

235.5

239.7

29.3

5.3

1.38

145.9

153.4

163.1

179.5

206.3

248.7

255.4

257.1

38.6

3.4

2.76

139.2

144.3

153.9

170.3

189.9

229.5

245.5

243.6

34.8

6.1

1.38

134.8

141.8

152.0

168.5

185.7

218.4

236.2

235.1

29.6

7.6

1.38

143.7

146.9

155.8

172.1

194.2

240.7

254.9

252.2

39.9

4.8

2.77

165.0

172.5

192.1

215.7

249.3

288.0

309.2

311.3

33.5

8.1

1.38

162.7

170.3

189.3

217.6

251.6

293.0

312.7

314.5

34.7

7.3

1.39

167.3

174.7

194.9

213.8

247.0

283.0

305.7

308.1

32.4

8.9

tflnsf #=$ -u_ M /fli6o tna tyf Hofnfb/ ;"r sf -jflif{s cf}i ft_
-cfwf/ jif{ @)^!^@ !))_
l;=g+=

;d"x /pk;d"x

s"n ;"rsf
1
tna ;"rsf
1.1
lghfdtL ;]jf
1.2
;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgx?
1.3
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?
1.4
;}lgs tyf k|x/L ;]jf
1.5
lzIff
1.6
lghL ;+u7gx?
2
Hofnfb/ ;"rsf
2.1
s[lif dhb"/
k'?if
dlxnf
2.2
cf}Bf]lus dhb"/
pRr bIf
bIf
cw{bIf
cbIf
2.3
lgdf{0f dhb"/
8sdL{
bIf
cbIf
l;sdL{
bIf
cbIf
HofdL
k'?if
dlxnf
;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

ef/ k|ltzt @)^#^$ @)^$^% @)^%^^ )^^^& )^&^* )^*^(

k|ltzt kl/jt{g
@)^&^* @)^*^(

100.00

114.1

125.2

144.4

169.2

199.7

254.4

18.0

27.4

26.97

106.6

118.2

130.6

157.0

157.0

187.3

0.0

19.3

2.82

110.0

135.8

161.2

199.3

199.3

236.5

0.0

18.7

1.14

111.0

121.2

138.4

164.1

164.1

208.6

0.0

27.1

0.55

113.1

170.5

186.0

204.1

204.1

290.6

0.0

42.4

4.01

111.4

121.8

146.9

180.2

180.2

227.9

0.0

26.5

10.55

107.0

122.8

134.5

174.5

174.5

207.8

0.0

19.1

7.90

101.3

99.8

101.2

102.5

102.5

111.3

0.0

8.6

73.03

116.8

127.8

149.4

173.8

215.5

279.2

24.0

29.6

39.49

117.6

126.7

155.9

187.3

247.8

320.0

32.3

29.1

20.49

116.3

125.1

155.6

190.3

251.8

322.4

32.3

28.0

19.00

119.0

128.6

156.3

184.0

243.4

317.4

32.3

30.4

25.25

118.1

131.8

142.8

158.3

173.3

225.0

9.5

29.8

6.31

112.4

122.4

131.4

144.8

169.5

214.0

17.1

26.3

6.31

116.6

129.3

140.1

155.1

168.6

220.4

8.7

30.7

6.31

119.9

133.5

145.6

161.5

169.5

221.8

5.0

30.9

6.32

123.7

142.2

154.2

171.7

185.6

243.7

8.1

31.3

8.29

109.1

120.2

138.6

156.6

189.9

250.3

21.3

31.8

2.76

109.6

119.3

134.4

151.3

179.2

235.3

18.4

31.3

1.38

109.3

118.2

132.2

149.9

177.0

226.1

18.1

27.7

1.38

109.8

120.4

136.6

152.8

181.3

244.5

18.7

34.9

2.76

107.0

114.9

130.1

144.6

169.8

227.5

17.4

34.0

1.38

107.8

114.7

126.7

141.4

167.0

217.7

18.1

30.4

1.38

106.2

115.1

133.4

147.7

172.0

237.2

16.5

37.9

2.77

110.7

126.5

151.3

173.8

220.0

288.1

26.6

31.0

1.38

110.3

124.2

149.7

171.6

221.7

292.2

29.2

31.8

1.39

111.2

128.8

152.9

176.0

219.5

283.9

24.7

29.3

tflnsf #=% M s]xL k|d'v j:t'x?sf] ;/b/ v'b|f ahf/ d"No

qm=;=
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

a:t'sf] gfd

kxf8
>fj0f kmfNu'0f

@)^*.^(
t/fO{
>fj0f kmfNu'0f

g]kfn
>fj0f kmfNu'0f

rfdn df]6f]
38.0
37.8
32.7
29.3
35.3
33.6
ux'Fsf] kL7f]
38.2
39.2
30.5
28.3
34.3
33.8
df;sf] bfn
121.8
107.8
103.6
95.0
112.7
101.4
/x/sf] bfn
102.5
86.8
90.2
73.8
96.3
80.3
tf]/Lsf] t]n
141.5
152.3
138.4
135.9
139.9
144.1
Wo" vf/]sf]
487.5
526.7
508.6
536.7
498.0
531.7
v;Lsf] df;'
407.3
560.0
400.6
433.3
404.0
496.7
cfn'
27.5
25.2
20.3
20.3
23.9
23.9
;'s]sf] Kofh
45.8
38.0
26.9
22.9
36.3
30.5
cb'jf
70.0
46.1
80.4
46.1
75.2
46.1
* k|f/lDes tYof
;|f]tM s[lif laefu, s[lif Aoj;fo k|j4{g tyf ahf/ lasf; lgb]{zgfno, xl/x/ejg .

kxf8
>fj0f kmfNu'0f

d"No ?= k|lt lsnf] u|fddf

tf]/Lsf] t]n ?= k|lt ln6/df
@)^(.&) *
t/fO{
g]kfn
>fj0f kmfNu'0f >fj0f kmfNu'0f

39.3

40.1

32.5

35.8

35.9

38.0

41.7

45.6

30.8

33.5

36.2

39.5

143.1

138.4

131.3

147.5

137.2

142.9

106.1

102.7

94.2

106.7

100.1

104.7

178.1

181.9

178.0

189.5

178.0

185.7

532.5

572.2

570.6

673.8

551.6

623.0

460.3

514.5

473.2

502.3

466.7

508.4

36.8

27.6

31.4

17.0

34.1

25.6

39.5

50.1

25.2

42.5

32.3

46.3

57.7

60.3

59.5

69.2

52.1

52.1

tflnsf #=^ M s]xL k|d'v j:t'x?sf] ;/b/ v'b|f ahf/ d"No

qm=;=

a:t'sf] gfd

rfdn df]6f]

ux'Fsf] kL7f]

df;sf] bfn

/x/sf] bfn

tf]/Lsf] t]n

Wo" vf/]sf]

v;Lsf] df;'

cfn'

;'s]sf] Kofh

10

cb'jf

jif{

>fj0f

efb|

cflZjg sflt{s

d+l;/

kf}if

dfw

d"No ?= k|lt lsnf] u|fddf

tf]/Lsf] t]n ?= k|lt ln6/df
k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]
kmfNu'0f
/fli6o ;/b/ cf}ift
v'b34.2
|f d"No
33.6

2068.069

35.3

35.5

35.2

35.1

33.3

32.6

32.8

2069.070 *

35.9

37.3

36.8

36.2

35.8

35.5

37.0

38.0

36.6

2068.069

34.3

35.6

36.0

36.4

34.9

33.2

33.3

33.8

34.7

2069.070 *

36.2

37.4

37.1

37.6

36.6

36.8

39.0

39.5

37.5

2068.069

112.7

115.5

111.4

112.6

110.9

112.5

111.8

101.4

111.1

2069.070 *

107.4

110.1

111.0

110.8

111.3

113.9

112.4

113.4

111.3

96.3

96.1

94.1

94.4

93.2

92.6

91.7

80.3

92.3

2069.070 *

100.1

105.1

104.6

102.8

106.8

106.2

105.0

104.7

104.4

2068.069

139.9

142.3

143.2 144.7 148.0

147.1

149.2

144.1

144.8

2069.070 *

178.0

182.6 184.7

183.4

183.2

177.8

181.4

185.7

182.1

2068.069

498.0

507.4

520.1

527.5

517.5

525.8

537.3

531.7

520.7

551.6

552.2

562.7

590.3

651.3

640.4

616.0

623.0

598.4

422.7 418.0

416.1

414.1

496.7

424.8

465.3 470.7 475.8 464.6

483.3

475.6

508.4

476.3

2068.069

2069.070 *
2068.069
2069.070 *

404.0
466.7

409.2 418.0

2068.069

23.9

23.9

23.9

23.9

23.9

23.9

23.9

23.9

23.9

2069.070 *

34.1

34.1

34.3

35.1

31.1

29.0

27.2

22.3

30.9

2068.069

36.3

41.4

45.2

41.9

39.1

35.3

31.0

30.5

37.6

2069.070 *

32.3

31.4

30.3

35.4

36.6

36.8

48.9

46.3

37.2

2068.069

75.2

76.7

76.2

72.0

58.5

53.0

47.4

46.1

63.1

2069.070 *

58.6

60.5

61.2

58.6

59.5

58.2

61.0

64.7

60.3

* k|f/lDes tYof
;|f]tM s[lif laefu, s[lif Aoj;fo k|j4{g tyf ahf/ lasf; lgb]{zgfno, xl/x/ejg .

tflnsf #=& -s_ cfly{s jif{ )^(.)&) df k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] d'No l:ylt -yf]s ljlqm d'No_d'=c=s/ ;lxt
qm= ;+=
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
!!
!@
!#

lgudsf] l8kf] jf
eG;f/ ljGb'

la/f6gu/
lj/u+~h
cdn]vu+~h
sf7df8f}
kf]v/f
e}/xjf
g]kfnu~h
;'v]{t
bf
wgu9L
lbkfon
g]kfnu~h
dx]Gb|gu/,hgsk'/
sf7df8f} pkTosfsf] ;/b/
v'b|f ljqmL k'No -k|lt ln= ?=df_
;|f]t M g]kfn cfon lgud

k]6f]n

l8h]n

dlt]n

?= k|lt ls=ln= ?= k|lt ls=ln= ?= k|lt ls=ln=

xjfO{ Ogwg -8\o'6L k]8_

?= k|lt ls=ln=

116934.3

94327.41

94326.71

120000

116934.3

94327.41

94326.71

116934.3

94327.41

94326.71

118381.87

95784.18

95781.55

120000

117899.73

95298.57

95296.6

120000

116934.3

94327.41

94326.71

120000

116934.3

94327.41

94326.71

120000

118381.87

95784.18

95781.55

120000

117899.73

95298.57

95296.6

116934.3

94327.41

94326.71

118381.87

95784.18

95781.55

116934.3

94327.41

94326.71

116934.3

94327.41

94326.71

123

99

99

Pn=kL=Uof;
j/f}lg
xlNbof
dy'/f
?= k|lt d]=6g=-d'=c s/ ;lxt_
86808.9

82175

86808.9

82175

120000
82943

120

1470

?= k|lt ls=ln=
82847.79

82943

120000

Pkm=cf]]

tflnsf #=& -v_M s]xL k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"No l:ylt -sf7df8f} pkTosf_
d"No ?= df
zLif{s

PsfO{

k]6f]n
l8h]n
dl6[t]n -v'nf_
dl6[t]n -;x'lnot_
xjfO{ OGwg (ATF)
nfO6 l8h]n cfon (LDO) l8n/ /]6
kmg]{; cfon (FO) l8n/ /]6
Pn=kL=Uo+f; (PDO) ljsL| d"No
%

k|lt ln6/
k|lt ln6/
k|lt ln6/
k|lt ln6/
k|lt ln6/
k|lt lsnf] ln6/
k|lt lsnf] ln6/
k|lt d]l6s 6g

@)^)$@ b]lvsf] d"No, ^ @)^!(@^ b]lvsf] d"No,

!!

@)^#@@ b]lvsf] d"No,

;|f]t M g]kfn cfon lgud

!@

@)^%.)@.@@ b]lv,

!#

cfly{s jif{
2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

100.00

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70

80.00

97

120

123

41.006

46.009

53.15

70.00

55.0015

61.00

68.5

89

99

24.00

34.007

39.009

47.65

65.00

55.0015

61.00

68.5

89

99

20.00

30.007

33.00

90

109

120

23,615.62
37487.74

68.00

10

10

61585.89

53,456.42

59,487.95

70830.49

89029.69

95402.58

11

72935.72

50,525.30

60,449.46

71994.84

96050.74

82847.78

76606.4

99644.02

86,808.85**

11

46080.78

23,615.62
43570.28

55.00
45515.75

50612.26

46889.46

43667.82

49389.77

@)^!!!! b]lvsf] d"No, *@)^@%@ b]lvsf] d"No, (@)^@!!% b]lvsf] ;/b/ d"No,
!$

@)^%!)@) b]lvsf] d"No,

!%

77.50

2066/67 16
14

31.00

67.25

2065/66 15

62.00

48.00

67.00

2064/65

54.00

28,094.82

@)^% h]7sf] d"No j[l4 kl5,

13

@)^%!!@@ b]lvsf] d"No

!^

100.00

12

70.00

63281.52

69215.82

15

14

75.00

71,315.05

!)

@)^#!!( b]lvsf] d"No,

@)^%!@)! b]lvsf] d"No

!&

@)^&, ** j/f}gL d"No

nflnsf #=* M s]xL k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] cfk"lt{ l:ylt

cfly{s jif{
s]x L k|d 'v k]6f ]lnod kbfy{x ?
k]6f]n
l8h]n
dl6[t]n
nfO6 l8h]n cfon (LDO)
kmg]{; cfon (FO)
xjfO{ OGwg (ATF)
Pn=kL=Uo+f;
s'n hDdf
;|f]t M g]kfn cfon lgud

PsfO{
ls=ln=
ls=ln=
ls=ln=
ls=ln=
ls=ln=
ls=ln=
d]=6=

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

k|yd cf7 dlxgf

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2068/69

2069/70

75,827

81,817

98,435

101,624

128,372

162,276

188082

202,467

131,817

141,924

306,826

292,381

299,419

303,214

489,219

612,504

652764

653,560

415,776

447,887

232,562

225,007

192,576

152,166

77,799

55,782

43399

41,609

28,198

18,091

100

292

180

308

380

317

228

2,592

3,754

4,624

2,940

2,188

2,589

1434

440

340

67,995

66,100

63,650

68,534

74,306

82,631

99990

101,314

75,136

78,330

77,575

81,005

93,562

96,837

115,813

141,171

159286

181,446.30

113,693

133,271

763,477

750,356

752,446

725,623

888,077

1,057,270

11,89,426.30

764,960

819,503

1,145,183

tflnsf $=! M df}lb|s ;j]{If0f

-?= s/f]8df_
qm=;+= zLif{s

v'b a}b]lzs ;DklQ

v'b cfGtl/s ;DklQ
s'n cfGtl/s shf{
s'n cfGtl/s shf{ #
;/sf/nfO{ uPsf] v'b shf{
s= ;/sf/dflysf] bfjL
v= ;/sf/L art
;/sf/L ;+:yfgnfO{ uPsf] shf{

-s_ ljQLo
-v_ u}/ljQLo
u}/;/sf/L laQLo ;+:yfnfO{ uPsf] shf{

lghL If]qnfO{ uPsf] shf{

1
2
3
4
5

c;f/ d;fGt

v'b cdf}lb|s bfloTj

11

lj:t[t d'b|f k|bfo, Pd@ -!!!@_

d'b|f k|bfo, Pd!

-s_ d'b|f
-v_ rNtL lgIf]k

2065

2066

2067*!

2068*!

2069*!

2067/68*!

2068/69*!

2069/70*!

2062

2063

10880.50

10774.20

13943.91

13943.9

13190.9

17145.6

22456.2

21652.5

22126.6

38377.2

20697.0

31517.6

39175.4

16850.10

19269.80

20798.25

20738.5

26360.9

32392.2

40595.9

60446.2

70077.8

74719.7

65716.9

71911.3

80916.5

24617.18

28024.04

30206.99

32268.38

36055.8

43727.0

55567.6

79659.8

91257.6

99454.7

85460.5

94326.1

108305.7

31311.65

32268.4

37658.2

12076.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

2063

5739.66

6389.45

7056.80

7097.1

7834.4

8708.0

10486.8

13652.3

16343.9

16288.2

11867.5

14193.3

12249.2

5814.96

6389.45

7056.80

7097.1

8146.6

9102.6

10486.8

13652.3

16343.9

16525.5

11890.8

15335.5

16405.2

75.30

0.00

0.00

0.0

312.3

394.6

0.0

0.0

0.0

237.3

23.3

1142.1

4156.1

1625.88

1929.70

1712.19

636.9

682.8

731.7

646.8

847.3

1177.4

1206.0

803.5

1156.8

1322.4

1334.39

1273.10

1266.10

180.8

171.3

167.0

137.6

259.7

542.7

199.0

276.1

307.5

245.1

291.49

656.60

446.09

456.1

511.5

564.6

509.2

587.6

634.8

1007.1

527.3

849.3

1077.3

3.20

5.93

177.4

190.9

303.9

598.5

1305.2

1004.0

977.9

866.4

1093.5

1125.1

19701.70

21432.13

24357.0

27347.7

33983.4

43835.4

63855.0

72732.2

80982.6

71923.1

77882.4

93609.1

19701.70

22536.70

24357.0

28950.1

344.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

8754.25

9408.73

11529.9

9694.9

14971.7

19213.6

21179.8

24735.0

19743.6

22414.8

27389.1

8754.25

10513.39

11529.9

107612.4

14971.7

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

27730.60

30044.00

34742.16

34682.4

39551.8

49537.7

63052.1

82098.7

92204.3

113097.0

86413.9

103429.0

120091.9

9396.96

10020.60

11438.86

11306.1

12688.8

15434.4

19645.9

21209.7

22307.5

26437.3

20652.7

23742.6

26873.3

6321.89

6878.40

7792.63

7778.0

8355.3

10017.5

12575.8

13928.1

14193.1

17049.2

13721.1

16038.0

18466.9

3075.07

3142.20

3646.23

3528.0

4333.4

5416.9

7070.1

7281.6

8114.3

9388.1

6931.6

7704.6

8406.4

17251.74

7767.06

v'b cdf}lb|s bfloTj #

10

2064

2061

lghL If]qnfO{ uPsf] shf{ #

9

k|yd cf7 dlxgf

@

11334.8

d'2tL / art lgIf]k

18333.64
20023.40
23303.30
23376.3
26863.0
34103.3
43406.2
60889.0
69896.9
86659.7
65761.3
79686.4
93218.6
*! s ju{sf a}+ssf] ;fy} v / u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx? ;d]t ;dfj]z ul/Psf]
! @)^& c;f/b]lv ljsf; a}+s / ljQ sDkgLsf] tYofF ;d]t
# @)^# c;f/sf] tYofFsdf g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8n] u/]sf] shf{ ckn]vg ?= !! ca{ % s/f]8 ;dfof]gf ul/Psf] . To:t}, g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8n] @)^# c;f]h dlxgfdf ckn]vg u/]sf] ;fFjf ? *@ s/f]8 !& nfv tyf Aofh /sd
?= @ ca{ $ s/f]8 &^ nfv / /fli6o jfl0fHo a}+sn] d+l;/ dlxgfdf ckn]vg u/]sf] ;fFjf ?= $ ca{ % s/f]8 %@ nfv tyf Aofh ?= ( s/f]8 (# nfvnfO{ ;dfof]hg ubf{ .

12

@ o; jif{b]lv s|[lif ljsf; a}+ssf] PsLs[|t jf;fnft ;dfj]z ul/Psf]

;f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

+ + dflh{g lgIf]k ;d]t

tflnsf $=@ -s_M d'b|f k|bfodf k|efj kfg]{ sf/sx

-? s/f]8df_

-jflif{s kl/jt{g, /sddf_

qm=;+= zLif{s

v'b a}b]lzs ;DklQ @

v'b cfGtl/s ;DklQ @
s'n cfGtl/s shf{
s'n cfGtl/s shf{#
;/sf/nfO{ uPsf] v'b shf{
s= ;/sf/dflysf] bfjL
v= ;/sf/L art
;+:yfgtk{m uPsf] shf{

-s_ ljQLo
-v_ u}/ljQLo
u}/ ;/sf/L laQLo ;+:yfnfO{ uPsf] shf{

lghL If]qnfO{ uPsf] shf{

1
2
3

2059/60

2060/61

9
10

v'b cdf}lb|s bfloTj @

v'b cdf}lb|s bfloTj #
d'b|f k|bfo, Pd @ -!)!!_
d'b|f k|bfo, Pd ! -s+v_

-s_ d'b|f
-v_ rNtL lgIf]k
11
12

d'2tL / art lgIf]k

ljb]zL ljlgdo gfkmf -+_ gf]S;fg -_

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67*

2067/68*

2068/69*

k|yd cf7 dlxgf

2067/68*

2069/70*

1600.55

574.18

2559.76

590.42

2967.47

4475.84

-311.0

409.0

13162.7

-1039.9

8108.6

1177.7

1755.93

1538.94

1739.22

2138.40

4278.99

7018.43

9038.56

12055.2

9696.7

7730.0

5355.1

3116.1

5817.3

2112.09

2209.45

3406.86

2182.95

3787.43

7671.17

11840.58

13002.6

11597.8

8197.1

5800.6

3068.5

8850.9

3287.61

5389.81

0.00

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

324.84

-106.20

649.79

667.35

737.30

873.60

1778.81

2987.3

2691.6

-55.7

-1784.8

-2150.6

-4039.0

371.01

-77.06

574.49

667.35

1049.56

955.99

1384.17

2987.3

2691.6

181.5

-1761.5

-1008.4

-120.2

46.17

29.13

-75.30

0.00

312.25

82.39

-394.64

0.0

0.0

237.3

23.3

1142.1

3918.8

23.08

159.69

303.82

-217.6

45.9

48.9

-84.8

642.2

330.2

28.6

-43.8

-20.6

116.4

47.36

151.52

-61.29

-7.0

-9.5

-4.3

-29.4

331.0

283.0

-343.7

16.4

-235.2

46.2

-24.28

8.17

365.11

-210.5

55.4

53.2

-55.4

311.1

47.1

372.3

-60.3

214.5

70.2

2.7

13.6

113.0

294.6

-19.9

-301.2

-26.1

-438.8

89.6

147.1

2449.96

1730.4

2990.7

6635.7

9852.0

9685.6

8877.2

8250.3

8068.1

5150.2

12626.5

0.00

2835.1

4593.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

1667.67

44.5

-491.6

2802.0

947.5

1901.1

467.1

445.5

-47.6

3033.6

1149.2

1110.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

1764.16

2156.05

356.09

670.48

652.7

2192.28

3139.49

2313.40

4698.2

4869.4

9985.9

13514.4

11744.1

10105.6

20892.6

4315.3

11224.6

6995.0

659.77

1021.57

623.64

1418.3

1382.7

2745.6

4211.5

2624.3

1097.8

4129.8

-557.0

1435.2

436.0

122.74

633.32

556.51

914.2

577.3

1662.2

2558.3

10181.1

265.0

2856.0

-207.0

1844.9

1417.7

537.03

388.25

67.13

504.1

805.4

1083.4

1653.2

1061.3

832.7

1273.8

-350.0

-409.7

-981.7

1532.51

2117.92

1689.76

3279.9

3486.7

7240.3

9302.9

9119.8

9007.9

16762.8

-137.56

139.25

-680.48

609.9

-1343.4

987.1

834.8

-789.2

65.1

3088.0

4872.3 978.94.8
84.4

+dflh{g lgIf]k ;d]t

* ckl/is[t
@ ljlgdo gfkmfgf]S;fg ;dfof]hg ul/Psf]
# @)^# c;f/sf] tYofFsdf g]kfn a}+s lnld68n] u/]sf] shf{ ckn]vg ? !! ca{ % s/f]8 ;dfof]hg ul/Psf] . To:t}, g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8n] @)^# c;f]h dlxgfdf ckn]vg u/]sf] ;FFjf ? *@
s/f]8 !& nfv tyf Jofh /sd ? @ ca{ $ s/f]8 &^ nfv / /fli6o jfl0fHo a}+sn] d+l;/ dlxgfdf ckn]vg u/]sf] ;fFjf{ ? $ ca{ % s/f]8 %@ nfv tyf Jofh /sd ? ( ca{ ( s/f]8 (#
nfvnfO{ ;dfof]hg ubf{
;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

2068/69*

436.35

lghL If]qnfO{ uPsf] shf{ #

8

2061/62

1282.5

6559.0
-379.5

$=@ -v_ M d'b|f k|bfodf k|efj kfg]{ sf/sx

-jflif{s kl/jt{g k|ltztdf_
qm=;+= zLif{s

v'b a}b]lzs ;DklQ @

v'b cfGtl/s ;DklQ @
s'n cfGtl/s shf{
s'n cfGtl/s shf{#
;/sf/nfO{ uPsf] v'b shf{
s= ;/sf/dflysf] bfjL
v= ;/sf/L art
;+:yfgtk{m uPsf] shf{

1
2
3
4
5

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67*

2067/68*

2068/69*

4.9

17.5

5.3

23.8

4.2

22.5

26.1

-1.6

1.9

13.0

10.0

10.3

11.1

20.6

26.6

27.9

22.8

10.4

9.9

13.8

7.8

11.7

21.3

27.1

16.7

0.0

36.6

3.1

16.0

11.0

8.9

4.4

7.8

17.2

14.6

9.0

7.3

3.4

8.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

11.2

20.4

26.9

19.7

-0.3

-13.1

-13.2

-24.8

6.7

-1.3

9.9

10.4

14.8

11.7

15.2

26.9

19.7

1.1

-12.9

-6.2

-0.7

0.0

26.4

0.0

0.0

1651.6

12.1

7.2

-11.6

23.0

19.7

2.4

-5.2

-1.8

9.6

1.1

-2.5

-17.6

82.8

109.0

-63.3

6.3

-43.3

23.2

-32.1

-5.3

10.4

-9.8

6.9

8.0

58.7

-10.3

33.8

7.0

85.3

7.6

59.2

96.9

54.5

-23.1

-2.6

-33.6

8.9

15.0

8.8

12.3

24.3

29.0

14.2

13.9

11.3

12.6

7.1

15.6

14.4

18.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.5

-4.3

6.7

24.7

1.7

9.9

2.2

2.3

-0.2

12.3

13.1

9.6

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

63.1
12.8

-4.6

2.9

125.3

7
8

lghL If]qnfO{ uPsf] shf{

13.2

14.3

14.2

lghL If]qnfO{ uPsf] shf{ #

12

-4.8

10.4

4.2

-s_ d'b|f
-v_ rNtL lgIf]k

59.5

10.4

-s_ ljQLo
-v_ u}/ljQLo
u}/ ;/sf/L laQLo ;+:yfnfO{ uPsf] shf{

11

2069/70*

11.3

18.7

10

2068/69*

-1.8

10.9

v'b cdf}lb|s bfloTj @

v'b cdf}lb|s bfloTj #
d'b|f k|bfo, Pd @ -!!!@_
d'b|f k|bfo, Pd ! -s+v_

2067/68*

5.9

1.6

k|y d cf7 dlxgf

5.3

9.6

21.5

-11.3

9.8

12.8

8.3

15.6

14.0

25.2

27.3

14.1

12.3

22.7

5.3

12.2

6.2

8.6

12.2

6.6

14.2

12.2

21.6

27.3

11.0

5.2

18.5

-2.6

6.4

1.6

2.2

11.1

8.8

13.3

7.4

19.9

25.5

13.0

1.9

20.1

-1.5

13.0

8.3

25.0

14.5

2.2

16.0

22.8

25.0

30.5

7.6

11.4

15.7

-4.8

-5.0

-10.5

15.5
d'2tL / art lgIf]k
10.4
13.1
9.2
16.4
14.9
27.0
27.3
14.8
24.0
8.0
14.0
7.6
* ckl/is[t
@ ljlgdo gfkmfgf]S;fg ;dfof]hg ul/Psf]
dflh{g lgIf]k ;d]t
#
@)^# c;f/sf] tYofFsdf g]kfn a}+s lnld68n] u/]sf] shf{ ckn]vg ? !! ca{ % s/f]8 ;dfof]hg ul/Psf] . To:t}, g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8n] @)^# c;f]h dlxgfdf ckn]vg u/]sf] ;FFjf ? *@ s/f]8 !& nfv tyf
Jofh /sd ? @ ca{ $ s/f]8 &^ nfv / /fli6o jfl0fHo a}+sn] d+l;/ dlxgfdf ckn]vg u/]sf] ;fFjf ? $ ca{ % s/f]8 %@ nfv tyf Jofh /sd ? ( ca{ ( s/f]8 (# nfvnfO{ ;dfof]hg ubf{

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

tflnsf $=# M a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfxsf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t / pkof]u &
-?= s/f]8df_
qm=;+= zLif{s
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
!!
!@
!#
!$
!%
!^
!&

@)^&*

s'n lgIf]k
rNtL
art tyf sn
d'2tL
dflh{g
g]kfn /fi6 a}}+saf6 ;fk6L
cGo j}b]lzs bfloTj
v'b cGo ;fwgx
s'n ;fwgsf] ;|f]t pkof]u
gub d}Hbft / a+}s a}+n]G;
gub df}Hbft
/fi6 a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
ljb]zL d'b|f df}Hbft
ljb]zdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
shf{ tyf ;fk6L
;/sf/dflysf] bfjL
;/sf/L ;+:yfgx?dflysf] bfjL
ljQLo
u}/- ljQLo

!* u+}+/ ;/sf/L ljQLo ;+:yfgx?dflysf] bfjL

!( lghL If]qdflysf] bfjL
@) ljb]zL ljn vl/b
@!

&
*
#
;|f]t M

@)^* *

@)^(*

k|y d cf7 dlxgf

@)^&^* @)^*^(* @)^(&)*
*

72910.07

82323.45

101182.29

77374.62

91730.21

108043.83

8049.89

8221.24

9490.03

7505.14

7544.46

9272.44

38700.69

41192.43

54189.85

39296.15

47856.47

60553.18

25638.63

32374.64

36822.35

29990.22

35691.65

37478.50

520.85

535.15

680.07

583.12

637.63

739.71

478.33

832.77

47.33

1669.33

160.40

91.75

204.35

222.79

250.79

211.47

253.18

211.53

14563.06

16162.18

15337.16

16090.94

16436.23

19420.96

88155.80

99541.18

116817.57

95346.36

108580.02

127768.07

13859.35

14054.19

20052.15

13084.47

15767.18

17652.08

2013.47

2360.65

3072.28

2567.88

2584.40

2930.55

5568.27

5961.19

10935.70

5013.36

7091.56

6786.10

47.65

53.99

68.81

76.05

75.29

83.42

6229.96

5678.35

5975.37

5427.18

6015.92

7852.01

74296.44

85487.01

96765.42

82261.89

92812.84

110115.97

8639.00

11100.30

13703.16

8766.83

12948.67

14343.80

775.76

920.24

1204.53

741.32

1154.99

1321.36

189.3

285.48

197.48

216.35

305.70

1077.25

586.46

634.77

1007.06

524.96

849.29

244.11

1303.59

1002.99

977.94

863.76

1071.22

1125.09

63503.96

72290.01

80530.75

71631.24

77420.70

93133.56

74.13

173.46

349.04

258.74

217.26

192.17

82.09

94.99

87.06

88.64

shf{ tyf ;fk6LlgIf]k cg'kft -_

90.05
90.36
s ju{sf a}+ssf] ;fy} v / u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yfx? ;d]t ;dfj]z ul/Psf]
ckl/s[it
;/sf/dfly bfjL ;dfj]z gePsf]
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

tflnsf $=$ M jfl0fHo a}+sxsf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t / pkof]u

-?= s/f]8df_
qm=;+= zLif{s

c;f/ d;fGt
2060

2061

2062

2063

2064

2065

k|y d cf7 dlxgf

2066

2067*

s'n lgIf]k
20273.38
23257.63
25046.5
28997.6
33445.3
42152.4
55067.7 62060.85
2 rNtL
2829.94
3303.87
3412.0
3571.6
4269.2
5412.4
6949.0
7915.00
3 art tyf sn
9723.64
11410.63
13001.4
15171.1
17463.4
21140.6
25987.2
33575.47
4 d'2tL
7534.84
8326.82
8413.7
10006.8
11403.2
15236.4
21685.5
20066.20
5 dflh{g
184.96
216.31
219.4
248.1
309.5
362.9
446.0
504.18
6 g]kfn /fi6 a}+sjf6 ;fk6L
94.74
47.79
172.4
32.9
187.1
66.1
0.0
396.53
7 cGo a}b]lzs bfloTj
13.42
52.14
2.8
0.8
162.8
191.2
167.1
193.33
8 v'b cGo ;fwgx?
3933.71
4504.44
5887.4
7908.9
6733.3
7515.7
9094.6
9991.92
9 s'n ;fwgsf] >f]t pkof]u
24315.25
27862.00
31109.0
36940.1
40528.5
49925.3
64329.3
72642.63
10 gub df}H bft / a}+s a}n ]G ;
4133.00
5038.46
5022.28
6181.73
6493.03
7901.05
12265.89
13086.32
472.33
428.38
477.3
605.4
736.0
1265.2
1501.6
11 gub df}Hbft
1686.37
2103.0
2396.2
2318.4
2489.9
4685.9
12 /fi6 a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
1651.90
2486.71
5139.33
37.5
39.9
45.4
35.9
82.3
13 lab]zL d'b|f df}Hbft
72.16
43.51
43.73
2404.5
3140.2
3393.3
4110.1
5996.1
14 lab]zdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
1936.61
2079.86
6216.89
15 shf{ tyf ;fk6L
20182.25
22823.49
26086.73
30758.39
34035.49
42024.26
52063.46
59556.31
16 ;/sf/dfly bfaL+
3946.93
4379.63
4855.1
5886.2
6585.0
7210.0
7194.9
8299.58
17 ;/sf/L ;+:Yffgx?dfly bfaL
1310.44
1469.07
1799.4
538.1
616.1
687.4
625.9
726.55
18 u}/ ;/sf/L laQLo ;+:yf x?dflysf] bfaL
0.0
171.4
187.0
300.7
595.3
1598.25
19 lghL If]qdfly bfaL
14807.32
16869.28
19327.0
24036.2
26536.1
33678.1
43491.3 48857.81
lghL If]qdfly bfaL +
19327.0
24036.2
28138.4
35280.5
0.0
0.00
20 lab]zL lan v/Lb
117.56
105.51
105.3
126.4
111.3
148.0
156.1
74.13
21 shf{ tyf ;fk6L lgIf]kcg'kft (%) #
80.08
79.30
84.8
85.8
82.1
82.6
81.5
82.59
# ;/sf/dfly
* ckl/is[
t
@)^# c;f/sf]
tYofFsdf g]kfn a}+s lnld68n]
u/]sf] shf{ bfjL
ckn];dfj]
vg ?z!!gePsf]
ca{ % s/f]8 ;dfof]hg ul/Psf] . 'To:t}, g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8n] @)^#
+ c;f]h dlxgfdf ckn]vg u/]sf] ;FFjf ? *@ s/f]8 !& nfv tyf Jofh /sd ? @ ca{ $ s/f]8 &^ nfv / /fli6o jfl0fHo a}+sn] d+l;/ dlxgfdf
1

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

2068*

2069*

2067/68*

2068/69*

2069/70*

68023.01

86169.00

63372.55

77245.36

91122.23

7820.36

9113.52

7187.30

7123.76

8675.93

34475.18

46634.92

32550.22

40594.57

51636.94

25213.73

29762.57

23072.98

28914.06

30095.56

513.74

657.98

562.05

612.97

713.80

524.65

47.33

1525.76

137.17

90.83

186.81

217.58

184.32

217.20

211.53

11728.52

10959.13

11607.29

11844.99

13912.09

80462.99

97393.04

76689.91

89444.72

105336.67

13151.87

18618.27

12064.36

14665.59

16203.30

1978.64

2576.21

2191.91

2161.16

2419.89

5443.72

10013.78

4412.35

6419.10

5871.92

50.03

62.89

71.43

71.14

78.95

5679.48

5965.38

5388.68

6014.20

7832.54

67311.12

78774.77

64625.54

74779.12

89133.37

10594.09

12898.74

8264.29

12401.50

13693.48

833.55

1092.48

672.09

1027.54

1194.37

1284.85

1098.44

1362.43

1279.59

1060.91

54425.17

63336.08

54067.99

59853.23

72992.91

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

173.46

349.04

258.74

217.26

191.71

83.38

83.38

88.94

80.75

82.79

tflnsf $=% M jfl0fHo a}+sxaf6 c;'n x'g afFsL shf{sf] If]qut ljj/0f
-?= s/f]8df_

If]q
s[lif**
vfgL
pTkfbg If]q
lgdf{0f
wft' pTkfbg, d]l;g/L / ljB'tLo pks/0f tyf h8fg
oftfoft, pks/0f pTkfbg tyf h8fg
;+rf/ / ;fj{hlgs ;]jf
yf]s ljqm]tf / v'b|f ljqm]tf
ljQ, jLdf / l:y/ ;DklQ
;]jf pBf]u
pkef]Uo shf{
:yfgLo ;/sf/
cGo
hDdf
* ckl/is[t
** @)^# c;f/ b]]lv s[lif ljsf; a}}+s ;d]]t .
;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

cfly{s jif{
2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

k|y d cf7 dlxgf

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68*

2068/69*

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

373.45

490.19

441.55

457.20

1388.20

1388.00

1337.63

1429.09

1419.2

23407.3

15175.6

18500.8

30115.6

39.94

33.66

52.03

47.77

131.50

195.50

170.94

201.98

220.5

2358.7

2138.8

3243.5

3836.9

4291.1

4718.15

5374.42

5647.50

6237.00

7488.98

8787.80

9471.37

11518.6

143972.2

113924.8

131667.8

166366.9

272.92

498.67

872.30

1342.80

1977.00

3236.88

4486.70

4956.80

5159.1

61312.2

51963.8

58405.8

66198.9

179.75

159.09

291.90

506.94

653.46

587.78

641.9

8401.6

7443.1

7634.3

9102.4

143.01
135.98

277.67

315.63

265.87

324.30

434.02

697.77

1054.64

1201.4

12784.0

12725.1

12542.9

11907.1

652.34

796.36

899.72

1169.45

1313.00

1612.90

1843.28

2227.60

1981.2

25174.7

20649.5

22697.5

28260.6

2755.5

3172.89

3441.27

3510.33

4563.60

5573.20

6880.83

8858.41

10921.2

129249.1

100062.2

116858.3

152149.0

425.03

485.70

639.10

1002.40

1391.80

2491.35

3888.27

5409.33

5793.4

62184.8

57347.7

60746.4

63591.1

1221.3

1421.69

1498.48

1416.30

1836.70

2116.33

2335.78

2960.54

3650.5

45811.0

34049.8

40588.3

52609.4

336.46

440.00

358.80

584.80

812.00

943.71

1471.62

2269.49

2236.0

27047.5

24409.7

24956.4

31511.7

0.15

0.23

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

197.24

308.77

110.7

1271.7

4777.4

1015.2

766.0

1428.4

1227.81

1859.26

2054.30

2917.30

4665.60

7426.48

7197.39

7771.1

79562.8

68812.1

75225.9

92071.6

12075

13563.02

15932.32

17657.81

23184.30

30653.41

40177.80

46933.18

52624.6

622537.4

513479.5

574083.3

708487.2

tflnsf $=^ M ljsf; a}+s -v ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yf_ xsf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t / pkof]usf] ljj/0f
-?= s/f]8df_
qm=;+= zLif{s
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
!!
!@
!#
!$
!%
!^
!&

!*
!(
@)
@!

s'n lgIf]k
rNtL
art tyf sn
d'2tL
dflh{g
g]=/f=a}}+saf6 ;fk6L
cGo j}b]lzs bfloTj
v'b cGo ;fwgx
s'n ;fwgsf] ;|f ]t pkof]u
gub d}Hbft / a+}s a}+n]G;
gub df}Hbft
/fi6 a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
ljb]zL d'b|f df}Hbft
ljb]zdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
shf{ tyf ;fk6L
;/sf/dflysf] bfjL
;/sf/L ;+:yfgx?dflysf] bfjL
ljQLo
u}/- ljQLo

u+}+/ ;/sf/L ljQLo ;+:yfgx?dflysf] bfjL

lghL If]qdflysf] bfjL

ljb]zL ljn vl/b
#
shf{ tyf ;fk6LlgIf]k cg'kft -_
* ckl/is[t
# ;/sf/dfly bfjL ;dfj]z gePsf]
;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

@)^&

@)^*

@)^(

k|yd cf7 dlxgf

*
*
@)^&^* @)^*^( @)^(&)
*

7291.51

9111.35

12212.80

8395.26

9730.58

13248.01

186.66

204.95

325.09

202.18

207.18

380.34

4779.32

5855.57

8152.07

5304.54

6466.83

8829.24

2312.41

3033.87

3717.84

2873.01

3036.54

4016.61

13.11

16.96

17.79

15.53

20.03

21.82

75.07

243.37

0.00

143.28

22.33

0.92

11.02

35.98

33.21

27.15

35.98

0.00

2319.81

2614.09

2724.95

2700.52

2705.57

2951.61

9697.41

12004.78

14970.96

11266.21

12494.46

16200.54

340.14

460.24

701.37

485.78

534.81

723.36

187.10

244.13

360.85

262.92

285.31

382.95

109.45

178.41

315.43

187.61

222.81

321.09

3.84

3.80

3.71

4.35

4.07

4.44

39.76

33.91

21.38

30.91

22.63

14.88

9357.26

11544.54

14269.59

10780.42

11959.64

15477.18

207.25

257.50

450.72

251.48

327.49

334.01

15.52

43.69

77.20

30.15

75.28

78.34

9.86

33.45

49.03

26.15

49.00

53.22

5.66

10.23

28.17

4.00

26.27

25.11

2207.83

1973.99

3408.60

1925.86

2523.97

2958.71

6926.67

9269.36

10333.07

8572.94

9032.90

12105.66

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.46

125.49

123.88

113.15

125.42

119.54

114.31

tflnsf $=& M ljQ sDkgL -u ju{sf ljQLo ;+:yf_ sf] ljQLo ;fwg tyf pkof]usf] ljj/0f
-?= s/f]8df_
qm=;+=
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
!!
!@
!#
!$
!%
!^
!&

!*
!(
@)

k|yd cf7 dlxgf

@)^&^* @)^*^( * @)^(&) *

zLif{s

@)^& *

@)^**

@)^(*

s'n lgIf]k
rNtL
art tyf sn
d'2tL
dflh{g
g]=/f=a}}+saf6 ;fk6L
cGo j}b]lzs bfloTj
v'b cGo ;fwgx
s'n ;fwgsf] ;|f]t pkof]u
gub d}Hbft / a+}s a}+n ]G;
gub df}Hbft
/fi6 a}+sdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
ljb]zL d'b|f df}Hbft
ljb]zdf /x]sf] df}Hbft
shf{ tyf ;fk6L
;/sf/dflysf] bfjL
;/sf/L ;+:yfgx?dflysf] bfjL
ljQLo
u}/- ljQLo

7544.43

8155.43

7539.89

8390.00

8153.57

7895.06

200.99

336.42

448.52

246.63

411.27

495.77

3347.37

3225.97

3480.47

3567.49

3637.46

3702.04

3992.51

4588.60

3606.61

4570.34

4100.21

3693.16

3.56

4.45

4.29

5.54

4.63

4.09

6.73

64.75

0.00

0.29

0.90

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

2770.98

2893.64

2708.47

2965.18

2959.78

2958.59

10322.15

11113.82

10248.36

11355.46

11114.26

10853.65

462.81

487.04

745.74

552.37

592.29

725.43

112.03

121.91

135.21

113.05

137.94

127.71

347.45

355.04

606.48

413.40

449.65

593.09

0.08

0.17

2.21

0.27

0.09

0.04

3.24

9.93

1.84

25.65

4.61

4.60

9859.33

10626.77

9502.62

10803.09

10521.96

10128.22

132.17

248.71

353.70

251.07

219.68

316.31

33.69

43.00

34.85

39.08

52.18

48.66

23.04

40.78

32.25

34.67

45.84

43.10

10.65

2.22

2.60

4.41

6.33

5.56

1973.99

1739.57

2252.46

1522.63

1715.54

1728.27

7719.49

8595.48

6861.61

8990.31

8534.57

8034.99

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

128.93

127.25

121.34

125.77

126.35

124.28

u+}+/ ;/sf/L ljQLo ;+:yfgx?dflysf] bfjL

lghL If]qdflysf] bfjL

ljb]zL ljn vl/b
shf{ tyf ;fk6LlgIf]k cg'k ft -_ #
@!
* ckl/is[t
# ;/sf/dfly bfjL ;dfj]z gePsf]
;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

tflnsf $=* M n3' ljQ ljsf; a}+sx? -u|fdL0f ljsf; a}+s ;d]t_ sf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t / pkof]u
ljj/0f
bfloTj
k'FhL sf]if
lgIf]k
C0f;fk6L
cGo bfloTj
gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj
;DklQ bfloTj
;DklQ
t/n ;DklQ
nufgL
shf{ tyf ;fk6L
cGo ;DklQ
gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj
* ckl/is[t
;|f]tM g]]kfn /fi6 a}+s

?= s/f]8df
kmfu'g d;fGt

c;f/ d;fGt
2060

2061

2062

2063

2064

2065

2066

2067

2068

2069

2068*

2069*

51.5

54.1

74.0

83.0

111.9

162.7

194.0

217.4

243.7

281.1

287.2

354.2

62.5

70.0

74.9

93.3

110.3

154.0

200.1

257.4

353.4

512.8

456.9

618.5

239.1

283.3

340.3

532.5

694.4

840.1

897.3

1075.4

1303.8

1657.5

1407.8

1624.1

72.3

89.0

131.9

99.0

104.2

101.6

233.2

314.2

376.8

472.4

433.5

322.4

9.1

12.0

7.3

19.3

26.7

50.1

57.8

41.0

54.5

425.4

496.4

630.0

819.7

1028.1

1258.3

1543.8

1891.1

2327.8

2981.5

2626.4

2973.6

44.1

62.1

64.8

132.2

174.7

116.3

285.5

216.9

333.9

564.9

371.4

420.2

104.8

123.1

151.6

167.3

235.1

350.4

206.8

251.5

165.9

219.1

185.2

302.9

242.7

282.2

353.8

430.3

557.9

707.8

822.3

1111.6

1465.0

1770.0

1667.6

2020.5

33.8

29.0

38.9

67.9

42.8

68.1

201.3

287.1

355.2

415.9

393.8

219.2

0.0

0.0

20.9

22.1

17.8

15.7

27.9

24.0

7.8

11.8

8.4

10.8

tflnsf $=( g]kfn /fi6 a}+saf6 :jLs[lt k|fKt ljQLo ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t / pkof]u
ljj/0f

?= s/f]8df
kmfu'g d;fGt

cfly{{s jif{
2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2068*

2069*

26.5

20.5

27.8

32.5

35.5

40.1

44.7

58.0

64.7

80.9

70.0

97.3

192.4

166.7

172.4

201.2

254.5

301.8

351.3

372.7

546.7

872.8

643.2

931.7

6.6

4.1

4.6

7.1

14.0

20.7

25.8

22.7

31.2

48.4

42.1

61.4

39.5

42.8

36.7

40.7

48.1

68.0

66.7

87.9

144.5

125.0

110.2

142.0

0.0

0.0

-0.5

6.3

7.0

5.5

8.0

11.6

20.5

38.1

20.9

27.3

265.0

234.1

241.0

287.7

359.1

436.1

496.5

552.9

807.6

1165.2

886.4

1259.8

t/n ;DklQ

38.9

41.3

42.4

49.3

49.0

76.0

77.6

83.5

154.2

333.3

178.7

228.4

nufgL
shf{ tyf ;fk6L
cGo ;DklQ
* ckl/is[t

25.2

18.2

14.2

16.2

17.8

22.3

27.6

26.0

24.7

77.5

40.9

97.9

146.3

129.8

143.1

166.5

223.0

266.2

312.7

362.4

509.2

655.8

580.2

833.3

54.6

44.8

41.3

55.7

69.3

71.5

78.6

81.0

119.4

91.9

86.7

91.6

bfloTj
k'FhL sf]if+
lgIf]k
C0f;fk6L
cGo bfloTj
gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fj
;DklQ = bfloTj
;DklQ

;|f]tM g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

tflnsf $=!) M sd{{rf/L ;+ro sf]ifsf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t / pkof]u

?= s/f]8df
kmfu'g d;fGt

cfly{s jif{
ljj/0f
;|f]t
;+rosf]if
hu]8f sf]if
cGo bfloTj tyf Joj:yf
hDdf ;|f]tpkof]u
a}+s tyf gub df}Hbft
C0f tyf nufgL
;+rostf{ ;fk6L
a}+s d'tL lgIf]k
;/sf/L C0fkq
kl/of]hgf shf{
z]o/ nufgL
l:y/ ;DkQL
cGo ;DklQ
*ckl/is[t
;|f]tM sd{rf/L ;+rosf]if

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66 2066/67

2067/68

3228.3

3740.2

4251.1

4814.5

5450.1

6279.4

7265.0

8670.5

10232.8

12144.0

11495.0

13364.8

339.8

248.1

262.0

294.1

319.4

371.5

452.5

317.5

315.1

297.1

341.4

352.8

124.4

153.1

182.5

194.5

51.0

110.5

134.2

112.7

136.4

2068/69

2068/69* 2069/70*

3568.1

3988.3

4513.1

5233.1

5922.6

6833.4

7911.9

9039.0

10658.4

12575.3

11949.1

13854.0

98.8

91.4

91.3

163.1

138.0

186.3

312.5

207.3

237.5

473.9

418.1

319.8

3349.9

3920.2

4440.3

4823.6

5480.0

6224.2

7238.2

8635.0

10194.4

11839.9

11253.7

13294.2

2142.1

2517.8

2978.7

3590.4

4378.7

5504.0

6663.2

6301.1

7666.4

1851.8

2089.5

2414.4

2545.0

3091.0

2598.0

2388.0

2565.0

2782.0

422.9

551.0

496.5

662.1

702.8

1347.0

1495.0

1242.0

1455.0

367.8

278.4

334.6

0.1

362.5

633.5

1073.8

933.0

1170.9

39.8

43.4

87.0

90.6

100.0

111.9

219.8

212.6

219.8

82.4

49.8

52.1

47.8

124.7

48.2

278.9

146.9

174.4

213.7

152.6

191.8

119.4

-23.3

-18.5

246.4

304.6

335.9

tflnsf $=!! M gful/s nufgL sf]ifsf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t / pkof]u

?= s/f]8df
kmfu'g d;fGt

cfly{s jif{
ljj/0f

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2068/69

2069/70*

bfloTj
r'Qmf k'FhL tyf hu]8f sf]if
lgIf]k
;fk6L
cGo bfloTj

6.1

8.1

8.6

10.9

13.6

16.0

25.5

66.2

93.1

106.2

93.0

121.2

275.0

403.9

526.9

671.6

857.4

1236.6

1646.5

2014.2

2508.3

3285.6

2855.2

3683.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

21.5

69.3

47.7

43.3

83.2

114.9

341.2

184.4

242.0

178.5

242.1

81.9

;DklQ = bfloTj

302.6

481.3

583.2

725.8

954.1

1367.6

2013.3

2264.8

2843.4

3570.3

3190.3

3886.4

41.8

116.6

69.2

86.6

104.3

45.7

50.0

80.0

70.0

47.5

70.0

108.3

185.8

286.6

361.6

513.6

660.1

958.6

1615.0

1690.5

2053.5

2159.7

2347.9

2398.6

51.4

48.8

101.4

74.3

101.6

259.3

181.2

354.1

314.1

1103.4

374.0

1148.1

23.6

29.3

51.0

51.2

88.2

104.0

167.1

140.2

405.8

259.7

398.4

231.4

0.0

;DklQ
t/n ;DklQ
nufgL
shf{ tyf ;fk6L
cGo ;DklQ
*ckl/is[t
;|f]tM gful/s nufgL sf]if

$=!@ -s_ aLdf sDkgLx?n] ;+sng u/]sf] lk|ldod tyf nufgLsf] ljj/0f
?= s/f]8df
2059/60
ljj/0f
aLdf sDkgLx?n] ;+s ng u/]s f] lk|ldod

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69*

2068/69**

2069/70**

hLjg aLdf

172.6

218.0

299.0

378.9

462.3

549.0

663.6

876.6

1042.2

1159.9

1160.0

700.5

lghL{jg aLdf

231.5

256.7

269.3

285.5

328.9

385.2

442.0

649.7

706.4

783.5

810.0

573.7

404.1

474.7

568.2

664.4

792.0

934.2

1090.0

1526.3

1748.6

1943.4

1970.0

1274.3

hLjg aLdf

796.3

977.9

1180.0

1520.1

1839.8

2035.0

2651.6

2994.0

4275.1

4283.3

4760.0

4593.4

lghL{jg aLdf

245.6

267.6

303.1

321.1

344.8

418.3

500.8

592.8

747.3

943.0

870.0

996.3

1041.9

1245.5

1483.1

1841.2

2184.5

2453.3

3152.4

3586.8

5022.4

5226.3

5630.0

5589.7

s'n hDdf
aLdf sDkgLx?sf] nufgL ljj/0f

s'n hDdf
* ckl/is[t
** k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] ckl/is[t
;|f]tM jLdf ;ldlt

tflnsf $=!@ -v_ M aLdf sDkgLxsf] ;fwgsf] ;|f]t tyf pkof]usf] ljj/0f
= s/f]8df
kmfu'g d;fGt

c;f/ d;fGt
ljj/0f
;|f]t
r'Qmfk+"hL
hu]8f sf]if
cGo bfloTj
hDdf ;|f]tpkof]u
pkof]u
a}+s tyf gub df}Hbft
nufgL
l:y/ ;DkQL
cGo ;DklQ
*ckl/is[t
;|f]tM aLdf ;ldlt

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69*

2068/69*

2069/70*

168.0

168.0

291.8

291.8

345.0

409.3

434.3

409.3

459.6

1919.2

2412.2

2404.1

2880.9

3731.0

5087.0

5998.1

5767.0

6589.2

434.6

556.2

463.1

528.8

670.0

625.0

950.1

760.0

1066.3

2521.8

3136.4

3158.9

3701.4

4746.0

6121.3

7382.5

6936.3

8115.1

212.5

303.5

145.7

173.7

162.0

165.0

270.6

187.0

321.8

1931.8

2395.6

2586.4

3103.0

4020.0

5269.3

6086.6

5923.3

6699.5

140.0

192.2

81.9

108.9

241.0

317.0

245.4

369.0

255.6

237.5

245.1

344.9

315.9

323.0

370.0

779.9

457.0

838.2

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;|f]t
s_ r'Qmf k"hL
v_ hu]*f sf]if
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v_ nufgL
u_ l:y/ ;DklQ
#_ cGo ;DklQ
s'n pkof]u

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

hLjg

lghL{jg

hLjg

lghL{jg

hLjg

lghL{jg

hLjg

lghL{jg

189

156

237.35

166.67

253.81

180.47

279.08

180.47

3,325.00

406

2,612.71

284.13

3,110.76

367.38

3,453.76

405.42

298

372

2,002.02

880.88

2,495.35

974.72

2,749.45 1,046.88

3,812.00

934

4,852.09

1,331.68

5,859.93

1,522.57

6,482.29

1,632.76

92

70

119.59

87.33

170.48

100.16

177.01

144.76

3,350.00

670

4,362.73

828.1

5,151.64

934.98

5,710.99

988.51

154

87

105.68

98.02

137.53

107.84

144.34

111.24

216

107

264.08

318.22

400.27

379.6

449.94

388.25

3,812.00

934

4,852.09

1,331.68

5,859.92

1,522.57

6,482.29

1,632.76

* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] tYofdf cfwf/Lt

tflnsf ^=! M a}b]lzs Jofkf/sf] l:ylt

?= s/f]8df
k|yd cf7 dlxgf

ljj/0f
lgof{t Pkm=cf]=aL=
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cGo d'n'sx?
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* ckl/is[t
;f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2068/69

2069/70*

4993.1

5391.1

5870.6

6023.4

5938.3

5926.7

6769.8

6082.4

6433.9

7426.1

4856.3

5100.8

2643.0

3077.7

3891.7

4071.5

4172.9

3855.6

4100.6

3999.4

4336.0

4961.6

3259.3

3325.4

2350.1

2313.4

1978.9

1951.9

1765.4

2071.1

2669.2

2083.0

2097.8

2464.5

1597.0

1775.4

12435.2

13627.7

14947.4

17378.0

19469.5

22193.8

28447.0

37433.5

39617.6

46166.8

29524.2

36056.3

7092.4

7874.0

8867.6

10714.3

11587.2

14237.7

16243.8

21711.4

26192.5

29939.0

19127.5

23764.4

5342.8

5753.8

6079.8

6663.7

7882.2

7956.1

12203.2

15722.1

13425.0

16227.8

10396.7

12291.9

-7442.2

-8236.6

-9076.8

-11354.6

-13531.2

-16267.1

-21677.2

-31351.1

-33183.7

-38740.7

-24667.9

-30955.5

-4449.4

-4796.2

-4975.9

-6642.8

-7414.4

-10382.1

-12143.2

-17712.1

-21856.5

-24977.3

-15868.2

-20439.0

-2992.7

-3440.4

-4100.9

-4711.8

-6116.8

-5885.0

-9534.0

-13639.1

-11327.2

-13763.3

-8799.7

-10516.5

17428.3

19018.8

20817.9

23401.4

25407.8

28120.4

35216.7

43515.9

46051.4

53592.9

34380.5

41157.0

9735.4

10951.7

12759.2

14785.8

15760.1

18093.2

20344.4

25710.8

30528.6

34900.6

22386.8

27089.8

7692.9

8067.1

8058.7

8615.7

9647.7

10027.2

14872.4

17805.1

15522.8

18692.3

11993.7

14067.2

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

101.0

100.0

100.0

55.9

57.6

61.3

63.2

62.0

64.3

57.8

59.1

66.3

65.1

65.1

65.8

44.1

42.4

38.7

36.8

38.0

35.7

42.2

40.9

33.7

34.9

34.9

34.2

tflnsf ^=@ M j:t'ut Jofkf/

-P;=cfO=6L=;L= ;d"x_

?= s/f]8df
k|yd cf7 dlxgf

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lgof{t
vfB j:t' tyf hLjhGt'
;'lt{ tyf k]o kbfy{
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vlgh Ogwg / lrNnf] kbfy{x?
hLjhGt' tyf jg:kltsf] t]n tyf af;f]
/;fog tyf cf}iflw
jlu{s[t tof/L j:t'x?
oftfoft tyf oflGqs pks/0f
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cfoft
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ljljw tof/L j:t'x?
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* ckl/is[t
;f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

2059/60 2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2068/69

2069/70*

4993.1

5391.1

5870.6

6023.4

5938.3

5926.7

6769.8

6082.4

6433.9

7426.1

4856.3

4408.4

610.1

627.7

699.4

719.2

705.6

1316.5

1914.5

1315.5

1453.2

1593.0

1004.7

1223.4

13.9

5.5

3.2

2.5

2.3

2.4

35.4

1.8

0.2

10.2

7.6

14.2

80.0

71.4

88.2

122.3

136.8

135.1

197.3

247.0

192.3

258.7

165.3

202.1

0.6

1.5

0.4

0.3

0.0

0.0

4.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.8

427.9

337.6

507.0

428.5

445.5

206.2

36.3

26.7

40.9

33.2

19.5

11.6

327.9

386.6

367.8

368.7

409.2

282.4

308.7

167.7

268.0

273.7

182.9

231.4

1779.5

2360.2

2859.1

2853.3

3041.2

2964.3

2824.2

3339.5

3349.7

3900.9

2548.3

1963.1

20.8

62.0

20.8

120.2

124.1

91.3

62.5

72.5

38.0

27.8

19.9

32.5

1728.2

1538.0

1324.0

1408.2

1073.7

928.2

1386.0

911.7

1091.1

1328.4

907.9

729.2

4.3

0.7

0.9

0.3

0.0

0.3

0.6

0.0

0.6

0.3

0.1

0.0

12435.2

13627.7

14947.4

17378.0

19469.5

22193.8

28447.0

37433.5

39617.6

46166.8

29524.2

36056.3

937.1

855.4

982.1

1329.9

1289.6

1583.8

2047.1

2376.6

2926.3

4078.3

2490.9

3957.3

79.2

102.7

101.6

116.2

95.8

123.8

141.3

285.5

216.7

308.2

180.4

279.8

847.9

1055.1

1120.7

1056.2

882.9

836.5

1254.3

1988.9

1948.0

1777.3

1146.5

1409.8

1994.4

2190.4

2992.7

3644.7

3636.2

4396.9

4529.4

5678.1

8123.5

10277.1

6325.6

7561.5

775.1

863.4

601.6

1019.7

1213.8

939.9

900.4

932.1

1473.4

1791.8

1197.7

1196.1

1432.0

1654.5

1918.0

2475.0

2699.6

2686.3

3158.0

3967.0

4527.2

4901.7

3344.9

4094.1

3488.8

3651.1

3704.7

4060.1

4814.5

5744.8

7607.0

11613.0

9133.8

11478.2

7263.6

7064.3

2070.2

2569.4

2626.2

2619.5

3635.7

4800.6

6801.0

8451.7

8533.2

8241.4

5396.8

6579.9

658.3

510.4

755.2

1041.8

1175.5

1072.6

1997.7

2136.7

2723.5

3297.2

2173.5

2198.5

152.3

175.4

144.6

15.1

25.8

8.4

10.8

4.1

12.0

15.5

4.5

1715.0

tflnsf ^=# M ef/t lgof{t ePsf s]xL k|d 'v j:t'x?

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rfdn
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3\o'"
;'7f]
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2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

4.7

3.8

4.4

4.8

2.3

3.5

2.2

11.2

9.2

13.2

13.4

10.6

14.9

5.5

7.7

8.3

10.3

11.1

10.8

7.8

8.0

6.2

88.0

57.9

66.7

6.3

5.5

0.7

k|y d cf7 dlxgf

2068/69

2069/70*

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

1.1

2.6

0.6

0.6

0.3

20.7

23.9

17.2

9.0

4.9

20.4

10.2

10.6

12.7

32.2

37.1

28.1

9.9

5.0

5.4

6.8

9.1

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.8

64.3

30.7

31.5

38.2

2.8

0.9

20.3

13.5

0.1

5.6

5.8

2.2

5.2

2.4

3.7

6.6

24.9

16.8

33.4

3.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.4

8.2

4.1

1.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

31.5

28.7

16.1

27.5

54.1

54.3

33.5

35.4

30.2

38.7

27.8

90.7

31.1

32.4

31.7

29.2

31.8

40.5

53.3

49.8

51.0

64.3

46.7

45.5

14.5

16.3

43.9

38.2

54.3

54.4

121.7

168.2

111.4

100.3

66.3

0.0

21.0

19.5

19.9

11.3

17.8

19.7

14.3

11.2

7.7

19.1

11.5

9.8

0.0

0.1

0.0

0.1

0.2

3.1

14.6

6.5

0.0

0.0

0.0

2.1

0.0

0.0

0.1

4.8

0.0

1.1

5.7

62.1

0.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

189.9

188.3

269.4

263.7

275.7

258.3

128.3

289.7

399.8

406.5

271.2

284.9

4.4

14.4

18.6

46.5

37.5

52.9

20.7

36.4

89.4

109.5

67.6

0.0

85.6

105.7

145.6

126.5

140.9

122.0

45.9

201.7

186.6

210.2

135.7

256.1

99.9

68.3

105.1

90.7

97.3

83.4

61.7

51.6

123.8

86.8

67.9

28.8

47.0

45.1

60.7

60.8

84.8

103.5

121.6

131.6

191.5

327.6

198.5

233.7

31.0

26.0

36.9

41.5

23.7

52.3

80.3

57.6

51.8

45.8

37.0

22.8

40.6

55.1

54.7

45.5

8.1

17.7

35.1

14.4

6.4

8.3

2.9

1.1

100.3

147.9

128.3

73.1

66.3

47.6

81.3

67.3

97.3

109.9

71.0

60.0

6.0

10.9

189.6

347.6

224.1

261.8

250.0

339.8

264.1

365.7

256.2

308.8

74.3

29.0

19.8

30.1

15.6

13.2

16.3

13.9

57.6

84.8

58.5

44.9

46.9

54.0

36.8

36.4

50.3

42.4

59.1

40.4

37.2

24.4

16.9

4.6

381.2

295.9

463.6

386.2

413.7

213.2

0.9

0.5

1.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

47.6

37.3

34.2

21.1

4.8

4.4

6.6

6.1

4.7

4.2

2.5

3.5

123.5

163.7

221.4

189.8

405.6

413.5

252.5

277.2

335.1

262.8

195.7

9.0

35.7

20.1

53.0

30.6

20.6

61.7

57.2

64.4

30.3

121.3

72.3

81.3

54.8

85.2

31.7

10.6

76.2

98.0

57.1

69.5

94.3

79.8

21.2

0.0

80.8

119.2

136.2

80.8

41.5

30.3

51.3

18.2

61.0

72.1

43.3

65.3

97.1

278.5

307.0

240.9

358.0

441.7

282.2

179.5

389.5

334.3

292.9

332.5

35.7

55.6

42.4

51.9

12.8

24.3

109.8

56.8

80.7

159.3

124.5

249.0

87.8

178.1

299.7

215.5

305.7

211.5

319.4

336.2

373.4

513.0

311.0

367.3

60.0

78.7

109.1

114.0

159.1

183.6

195.2

175.0

236.3

302.7

180.7

215.7

14.9

61.0

140.8

105.8

95.0

27.6

29.0

15.2

14.8

0.9

0.5

0.0

1781.6

2122.7

2854.6

2565.7

2862.3

2751.3

2470.5

2546.6

3020.9

3537.9

1946.5

2331.6

861.4

955.0

1037.1

1505.8

1310.6

1104.3

1630.0

1452.8

1315.1

1423.7

900.9

927.7

2643.0

3077.7

3891.7

4071.5

4172.9

3855.6

4100.6

3999.4

4336.0

4961.6

3259.3

3325.4

tflnsf ^=$ M cGo d'n'stk{m lgof{t ePsf s]xL k|d'v j:t'x?

ljj/0f

2059/60

bfn
21.5
cn}+rL
12.5
h8La'6L
3.3
vo/
0.0
pmgLsf sk8f
0.0
g]kfnL sfuh / sfuhaf6 ag]sf ;fdfg 26.2
5fnf
22.7
pmgL sfk]{6
532.0
tof/L kf]zfs
1189.0
x:tsnfsf ;fdfg
35.2
u/uxgf
34.8
klZdgf
115.8
hDdf
1993.0
cGo
357.0
s'n hDdf
2350.1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

ckl/is[t

?= s/f]8df
k|yd cf7 dlxgf

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

28.1

10.7

19.2

48.9

145.8

624.7

395.2

335.8

249.7

140.5

236.0

23.1

20.5

10.9

13.0

6.5

6.4

0.0

0.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

4.8

5.5

1.9

4.4

9.8

41.2

23.9

12.6

19.8

12.3

0.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

28.0

24.0

25.7

19.1

34.7

36.1

55.3

39.9

58.7

41.3

14.5

30.9

23.6

31.0

27.9

24.9

5.8

30.7

43.4

72.4

43.0

64.5

567.8

586.9

583.9

560.0

504.8

573.6

407.9

486.0

693.8

460.2

387.6

955.0

612.5

620.4

521.3

475.6

490.5

389.1

306.3

400.6

306.5

193.4

62.6

64.4

43.1

25.0

19.4

107.8

108.3

45.8

51.0

30.9

15.6

36.9

36.3

28.2

32.5

26.9

26.2

12.7

9.1

11.0

7.8

5.2

106.4

105.0

157.8

93.1

64.3

152.7

126.8

227.3

323.0

208.1

108.9

1843.6

1489.3

1522.1

1345.1

1312.8

2065.0

1549.8

1506.1

1880.0

1251.6

1028.5

469.8

489.6

429.8

420.3

758.3

604.2

533.2

591.7

584.5

345.4

746.8

2313.4

1978.9

1951.9

1765.4

2071.1

2669.2

2083.0

2097.8

2464.5

1597.0

1775.4

2068/69

2069/70*

tflnsf ^=% M ef/taf6cfoft ePsf s]xL k|d'v j:t'x?

qm=
;+=
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
*

ljj/0f
On]S6Lsn ;fdfg
wfuf]
;'tL{
oftfoftsf ;fdfg
cf}iflw
/;folgs dn
sk8f -;'tL tyf cGo_
t/sf/L
l;d]G6
sfuh
xln{S; / b'Uw kbfy{
/;folgs kbfy{
s[lifoGq tyf kf6{;\
Pd=P;= jfo/ /8
Pd=P;= ljn]6
:6Ln kftf
PNd'lgod Oguf]6
x6 /f]n lz6 -SjfO{ndf_
sf]N8 /f]n lz6 -SjfO{ndf_
cGo d]lzg/L tyf kf6{;\
k]6f]lnod kbfy{
cGo
hDdf
ckl/is[t .

;f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

99.8

110.6

113.0

156.1

236.5

358.7

394.3

609.0

722.4

110.6

100.4

110.6

216.7

315.9

305.6

259.7

302.3

53.4

66.0

59.1

60.0

64.6

73.2

106.2

385.8

494.8

513.3

521.4

979.9

1187.5

322.6

334.1

369.2

438.9

444.3

543.4

18.4

56.3

38.9

105.2

62.4

418.6

327.6

219.5

205.2

77.3

73.8

94.9

293.5

231.9

43.1

41.0

50.9
190.7

?= s/f]8df
k|y d cf7 dlxgf
2068/69

2069/70*

701.0

405.0

424.4

285.5

413.3

266.0

283.8

181.7

184.7

191.7

125.3

138.1

1615.9

2377.7

2068.1

1705.1

1208.3

1829.4

655.8

796.3

980.8

1038.3

664.1

883.8

31.6

13.0

295.1

307.3

450.7

362.0

534.4

175.4

166.4

246.2

244.1

196.6

241.1

155.9

214.4

114.0

103.6

145.7

129.1

207.9

209.7

259.0

192.5

318.7

141.0

193.4

252.0

233.7

422.7

441.5

437.3

330.0

199.8

600.9

40.7

60.3

80.7

72.9

113.9

139.0

207.4

227.8

147.8

225.9

42.8

36.1

57.2

107.3

44.5

86.0

70.9

99.9

97.9

66.2

228.6

256.4

340.2

328.1

259.1

272.0

278.5

313.3

312.4

407.3

248.2

165.6

69.0

49.8

52.7

67.2

107.3

148.4

249.1

337.3

316.2

414.6

271.7

498.0

93.9

133.9

148.0

106.5

141.9

259.5

248.7

610.8

500.4

676.1

455.8

267.8

357.3

420.2

339.4

388.3

438.4

814.5

645.7

1372.1

1833.7

1943.7

1243.8

1442.0

21.2

0.6

46.0

2.0

0.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.9

0.9

1.3

30.5

54.0

44.3

26.0

42.5

65.5

52.0

108.7

118.2

129.0

79.1

102.2

263.9

206.0

56.9

114.5

205.3

357.6

282.4

411.1

545.9

554.3

337.8

337.4

139.3

333.3

408.5

79.8

208.0

400.6

703.9

680.3

823.6

746.8

435.6

129.0

257.2

329.5

301.1

388.3

355.6

468.2

726.4

841.7

979.3

834.2

529.9

767.2

1881.2

2017.0

2665.4

3365.7

3356.8

4081.6

4135.7

5161.0

7508.1

9225.6

5801.3

6808.0

1914.5
7092.4

2194.1
7874.0

2728.9
8867.6

3719.6
10714.3

3649.7
11587.2

4206.5
14237.7

4878.8
16243.8

6269.9
21771.4

7555.1
26192.5

9350.9
29939.0

5930.9
19127.5

7563.5
23764.4

tflnsf ^=^ M cGo d'n'saf6 cfoft ePsf s]xL k|d'v j:t'x?

?= s/f]8df
qm=
;+=

ljj/)f

;'g

rf+bL
k]6f]lnod kbfy{
cGo d]lzg/L tyf kf6{;\
On]S6Lsn ;dfg
wfuf]
sRrf pmg
oftfoftsf ;fdfg
cf}iflw
/f;folgs dn
sfuh
sDKo"6/ kf6{;\
xjfO{hxfhsf kf6{;\
b'/;+rf/sf ;fdfg
sk8f -;'tL tyf cGo_
kf]lnlyg u|fGo'cN;\
sRrf kfd t]n
sRrf e6df;sf] t]n
tfdfsf] tf/ tyf :S|oFK;
sRrf /]zd
cGo
hDdf

3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
*

ckl/is[t .

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

k|y d cf7 dlxgf

2068/69

2069/70*

7.5

5.0

0.5

0.3

352.0

375.1

1657.5

4163.6

1135.8

2577.0

1622.9

1715.0

28.4

6.2

21.2

5.3

0.1

44.7

117.5

325.1

372.6

437.1

305.3

494.2

29.0

29.1

21.6

54.9

57.2

52.3

95.6

169.4

166.0

168.2

95.6

136.7

193.6

246.0

269.6

283.1

200.7

390.2

597.2

765.6

640.9

719.8

489.5

560.6

144.4

161.6

132.6

287.3

296.6

394.5

824.2

683.8

650.6

731.2

486.1

412.6

145.6

197.8

99.8

161.1

125.7

139.6

217.3

273.5

194.3

188.7

119.1

111.2

160.5

201.8

206.0

151.1

163.1

139.5

35.6

87.3

91.3

65.7

42.2

61.9

168.5

162.6

175.2

215.6

270.5

439.2

550.2

423.6

421.5

285.9

166.7

230.0

61.9

58.3

70.1

110.8

153.7

126.3

311.7

335.8

213.5

197.6

129.5

152.6

80.1

128.2

17.1

38.9

61.7

2.0

8.0

70.4

236.8

229.1

228.2

278.5

37.4

45.3

19.9

83.2

79.3

104.0

102.0

142.7

178.9

175.8

119.1

99.6

142.0

127.4

122.7

135.4

270.1

227.0

377.0

534.1

617.8

615.0

418.8

306.7

99.6

230.1

98.1

107.1

146.3

105.0

202.0

221.8

247.2

140.6

61.3

136.4

235.9

248.4

186.1

172.1

95.4

497.9

406.4

852.2

949.3

845.9

597.6

741.9

203.2

275.2

176.8

285.4

245.6

196.7

292.7

191.1

260.9

127.5

85.1

163.3

280.0

283.4

197.3

369.7

296.0

371.9

361.7

578.8

470.1

578.7

373.9

308.0

505.6

527.7

208.6

405.1

712.2

574.7

294.9

202.6

609.7

31.3

12.8

22.9

161.4

207.9

83.5

157.3

192.4

160.0

365.9

433.8

650.8

996.2

717.1

736.3

87.4

96.9

138.7

208.9

187.9

194.1

181.4

177.6

131.3

187.5

128.5

84.9

5.6

5.1

5.7

10.8

2.5

0.6

4.1

3.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

7.6

2565.3

2509.8

3829.0

3420.5

3973.3

3421.1

5200.4

5086.3

5185.8

6928.9

4197.5

5531.0

5342.8

5753.8

6079.8

6663.7

7882.2

7956.1

12203.2

15722.1

13425.0

16227.8

10396.7

12291.9

tflnsf ^=& M kl/jTo{ ljb]zL ljlgdosf] cfo Joo

ljj/0f

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

?= s/f]8df
k|yd cf7 dlxgf

2068/69

2069/70*

9868.3

12064.3

12326.8

15729.8

17996.8

23692.7

32439.2

34637.1

38030.1

53691.0

32574.6

38377.1

5467.4

7121.3

7688.4

10927.5

12693.6

16679.3

23445.5

24880.1

25594.3

36842.2

22740.6

26579.0

4163.0

5663.0

6178.5

9274.9

10741.7

13942.2

19421.6

21399.9

22590.9

33336.7

20257.1

24178.9

1036.9

1233.7

1181.5

1171.1

1264.6

2034.0

3459.0

2938.6

2540.9

3180.1

2216.8

2144.9

267.4

224.5

328.4

481.5

687.3

703.2

564.9

541.6

462.5

325.4

266.8

255.1

2257.9

2249.0

2085.2

2173.9

2236.7

2866.3

4049.7

4439.6

3985.3

5298.3

3194.2

4135.2

466.2

424.2

350.5

528.2

779.4

1072.6

1318.8

539.1

548.1

936.9

493.5

1119.2

1298.8

1982.3

2039.8

1671.4

1662.2

2364.2

2819.8

3298.4

2966.5

4100.7

2108.5

1598.4

378.0

287.6

163.0

428.9

624.9

710.2

805.4

1479.9

4935.9

6512.8

4037.8

4945.3

Joo
8142.0
9867.7 10865.6
!= ;]jf
1676.4
1483.8
1973.5
-s_ ;fFjf Aofh e'QmfgL
730.2
684.7
737.5
-v_ cGo
946.1
799.0
1236.0
@= j:t'x?sf] cfoft
6429.7
7149.5
6308.7
#= s'6g}lts lgof]u
21.2
71.7
62.2
$= ljljw
14.8
1162.8
2521.2
art jf 3f6f-_
1726.2
2196.6
1461.3
* ckl/is[t
;f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
gf]6 M cf=j=@)^&^* b]lv kl/dflh{t tYof ;dfj]z ul/Psf] .

13518.5

16547.1

23340.3

28630.5

35142.0

17491.7

19399.4

12218.7

15560.0

2178.9

2601.3

2528.7

3236.8

4099.2

3793.2

3265.7

2053.8

2788.0

712.4

848.1

911.7

1124.9

1209.8

1547.2

1631.7

1056.2

1115.9

1466.5

1753.1

1617.0

2111.9

2889.4

2246.0

1634.0

997.6

1672.2

6768.4

7488.2

9372.7

13293.1

14125.9

13275.0

15675.0

9917.7

12282.5

65.0

40.3

60.1

96.5

183.4

168.8

165.0

107.2

72.8

4506.2

6417.4

11378.7

12004.1

16733.6

254.6

293.7

140.1

416.7

2211.3

1449.6

352.4

3808.7

-504.9

20538.4

34291.6

20355.9

22817.1

cfo
!= ;]jf
-s_ /]ld6fG;
-v_ ko{6ssf] vr{
-u_ a}b]lzs nufgLdf Aofh
@= j:t'x?sf] lgof{t
#= s'6g}lts lgof]u
$= a}b]lzs ;xfotf
%= ljljw

tflnsf ^=* M a}+sx?;Fu /x]sf] s'n j}b]lzs ;DklQ

jif{

@)%( c;f/
@)^) c;f/
@)^! c;f/
@)^@ c;f/
@)^# c;f/
@)^$ c;f/
@)^% c;f/
@)^^ c;f/
@)^& c;f/
@)^* c;f/
@)^( c;f/
@)&) kmfu'g*
* ckl/is[t

g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

:k]zn
ljb]zL ljlgdo
8O /fO6\;
-^ + &_

hDdf
-@ + # + $ +
%_

;'g

cfO{=Pd=Pkm=
uf]N8 6Gr]

8179.46

50.32

59.11

8804.30

48.22

10907.68

jfl0fHo a}+s
ljb]zL ljlgdo kl/jTo{
d'b|f
-( + !)_

ckl/jTo{
d'b|f

?= s/f]8df
s'n hDdf
-! + * _

kl/jTo{
d'b|f

ckl/jTo{
d'b|f

10

11

0.08

8069.95

5669.95

2400.00

2520.17

2360.97

159.20

10699.63

59.27

0.20

8696.61

7675.20

1021.41

2126.33

2024.92

101.41

10930.63

47.83

62.76

5.50

10791.59

9623.59

1168.00

2228.92

2073.48 155.44

13136.60

10544.42

38.34

0.00

63.71

10442.37

10082.36

360.01

2547.27

2315.49

231.78

13091.69

13303.63

40.50

0.00

66.37

13196.76

12414.72

782.04

3306.54

3179.07

127.47

16610.17

13021.39

0.00

0.00

58.75

12962.64

12375.53

587.11

3549.96

3168.10

381.86

16571.35

17031.42

0.00

0.00

63.06

16968.36

14284.88

2683.48

4293.99

3882.71

411.28

21325.41

25578.66

3104.10

0.00

55.53

22419.03

20175.60

2243.43

6234.52

5875.03

359.49

31813.18

24488.12

3319.46

0.00

631.53

20537.13

16599.27

3937.86

6353.58

5822.22

531.36

30841.71

27209.01

5226.44

0.00

673.06

21309.51

16525.75

4783.76

5905.80

5550.33

355.47

33114.81

39204.47

915.20

0.00

736.82

37552.45

28568.19

8984.26

6393.22

5714.40 678.82

45597.69

39125.73

1222.77

0.00

669.51

37233.45

27926.45

9307.00

8127.60

7634.13

47253.33

493.47

tflnsf ^=( M zf]wgfGt/ l:ylt

ljj/0f
-s_ rfn" vftf
lgof{t, Pkm=cf]=aL=
t]n
cGo
cfoft, Pkm=cf]=aL=
t]n
cGo
Jofkf/ ;Gt'ng
v'b ;]jf cfo
;]jf cfo
ofqf
cGoq gk/]sf] ;/sf/L cfo
cGo
;]jf e'QmfgL
oftfoft
e|d0f
cGo
Jofkf/ tyf ;]jf If]qsf] ;Gt'ng
v'b cfo
cfo k|fKtL
cfo e'QmfgL
Jofkf/, ;]jf tyf cfo ;Gt'ng
v'b 6fG;km/
6fG;km/ cfo
cg'bfg
lghL If]qsf] ljk|]if0f
k]G;g
cGo
6fG;km/ e'QmfgL

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

?= s/f]8df
k|yd cf7 dlxgf

2068/69

2069/70*

1161.47

1459.80

1154.46

1422.45

-90.22

2367.96

4143.73

-2813.52

-1293.64

7597.92

3751.19

950.16

5076.07

5522.83

5995.61

6148.24

6148.84

6197.11

6990.68

6317.75

6870.15

8151.18

5325.22

5616.75

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

5076.07

5522.83

5995.61

6148.24

6148.84

6197.11

6990.68

6317.75

6870.15

8151.18

5325.22

5616.75

-12105.30

-13290.99

-14571.82

-17154.08

-19043.71

-21796.28

-27922.78

-36669.25

-38837.14

-45465.31

-29079.76

-35403.80

-1881.16

-2016.73

-2665.36

-3365.72

-3356.76

-4081.57

-4135.67

-5160.72

-7507.62

-9225.56

-5801.33

-6807.98

-10224.14

-11274.26

-11906.46

-13788.36

-15686.95

-17714.71

-23787.11

-31508.53

-31329.52

-36239.75

-23278.43

-28595.82

-7029.23

-7768.16

-8576.21

-11005.84

-12894.87

-15599.17

-20932.10

-30351.50

-31966.99

-37314.13

-23754.54

-29787.05

704.97

907.49

-203.42

-681.83

-837.73

-1109.20

-1047.80

-1638.53

-867.46

1405.70

1106.92

201.70

2651.89

3431.59

2600.19

2646.97

3207.89

4223.61

5283.01

5112.05

5301.25

7235.15

4585.23

6016.40

1174.77

1814.74

1046.38

955.58

1012.53

1865.31

2795.98

2813.86

2461.07

3070.38

2136.19

2145.43

662.40

714.39

680.49

744.15

1233.64

1330.18

1273.44

663.56

553.46

1007.14

563.46

1119.22

814.72

902.46

873.32

947.24

961.72

1028.12

1213.59

1634.63

2286.72

3157.63

1885.58

2751.75

-1946.92

-2524.10

-2803.61

-3328.80

-4045.62

-5332.81

-6330.81

-6750.58

-6168.71

-5829.45

-3478.31

-5814.70

-861.84

-938.21

-1060.22

-1259.23

-1455.74

-2267.59

-2211.62

-2296.46

-1860.47

-2229.23

-1340.32

-2235.48

-617.15

-1002.15

-969.19

-1196.08

-1578.50

-2086.20

-3139.63

-3228.82

-2764.29

-2576.97

-1492.53

-2641.59

-467.93

-583.74

-774.20

-873.49

-1011.38

-979.02

-979.56

-1037.85

-1428.49

-866.61

-547.63

-863.25

-6324.26

-6860.67

-8779.63

-11687.67

-13732.60

-16708.37

-21979.90

-31990.03

-32834.45

-35908.43

-22647.62

-29585.35

-67.57

-168.39

163.65

495.55

743.18

794.68

1174.95

911.74

754.94

1229.14

710.42

541.59

448.70

384.15

775.16

1143.23

1450.08

1344.77

1650.66

1491.79

1750.40

2252.13

1391.06

1340.12

-516.27

-552.54

-611.51

-647.68

-706.90

-550.09

-475.71

-580.05

-995.46

-1022.99

-680.64

-798.53

-6391.83

-7029.06

-8615.98

-11192.12

-12989.42

-15913.69

-20804.95

-31078.29

-32079.51

-34679.29

-21937.20

-29043.76

7553.30

8488.86

9770.44

12614.57

12899.20

18281.65

24948.68

28264.77

30785.87

42277.21

25688.39

29993.92

7776.51

8916.18

10131.01

13086.17

13319.68

18546.29

25746.13

28777.06

31115.67

42780.57

26001.94

30577.47

1384.22

1955.78

2107.19

1885.11

1821.82

2099.32

2679.62

2667.36

2578.00

3622.71

2218.97

1691.19

5420.33

5858.76

6554.12

9768.85

10014.48

14268.27

20969.85

23172.53

25355.16

35955.44

21776.97

26608.68

732.73

790.62

1250.22

1200.76

1293.70

1878.99

1775.54

2585.07

2899.34

2834.36

1776.87

2179.67

239.23

311.02

219.48

231.45

189.68

299.71

321.12

352.10

283.17

368.06

229.13

97.93

-223.21

-427.32

-360.57

-471.60

-420.48

-264.64

-797.45

-512.29

-329.80

-503.36

-313.55

-583.55

ljj/0f
-v_ k"FhL vftf -k"FhL 6fG;km/_
hDdf -s + v_
-u_ ljQLo vftf -;d"x afx]s _
k|ToIf j}b]lzs nufgL cfk|jfx
kf]6{kmf]lnof] nufgL
cGo nufgL ;DklQ
Jofkfl/s ;fv
cGo
cGo nufgL bfloTj
Jofkfl/s ;fv
C0f
;/sf/
C0f k|fKtL
;fFjf e'QmfgL
cGo If]q
s/]G;L tyf l8kf]lh6
/fi6 a}+s
jfl0fHo a}+s
cGo bfloTj
hDdf -svu_
-3_ ljljw k"FhL tyf e'nr's
hDdf -svu3_
-_ l/he{ tyf ;DalGwt lzif{s
l/he{ ;DklQ
g]kfn /fi6 a}+s
jfl0fHo a}+s
cfO{=Pd=Pkm= shf{ pkof]u

v'b j}b]lzs ;DklQdf kl/jt{g -j[l4_

* ckl/is[t

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

k|yd cf7 dlxgf

2068/69

2069/70*

539.39

145.22

157.36

310.70

444.99

791.25

623.10

1257.83

1590.61

1824.17

1025.56

516.18

1700.86

1605.02

1311.82

1733.15

354.77

3159.21

4766.83

-1555.69

296.97

9422.09

4776.75

1466.34

-1719.90

-2154.01

-2553.69

-132.45

-236.21

1103.26

2120.17

784.66

321.25

2891.28

2058.35

814.57

96.14

0.00

13.60

-46.97

36.23

29.39

182.92

285.20

643.71

919.54

601.90

481.91

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

-3462.95

-3259.12

-2186.32

-1400.88

-1069.00

-1139.61

-1767.51

-1825.39

-2576.22

-1571.96

-911.98

-1473.91

104.10

-224.76

-32.38

-162.95

-512.76

85.32

-302.42

-100.90

-613.34

-513.74

-328.20

-404.82

-3567.05

-3034.36

-2153.94

-1237.93

-556.24

-1224.93

-1465.09

-1724.49

-1962.88

-1058.22

-583.78

-1069.09

1646.92

1105.11

-380.97

1315.40

796.56

2213.48

3704.76

2324.85

2253.76

3543.70

2368.43

1806.57

1689.93

362.98

-448.90

923.25

172.78

1248.36

1955.46

2196.89

1829.25

2644.23

2017.71

1044.72

-5.24

332.52

74.44

52.69

145.56

339.15

-289.90

-393.35

261.20

103.68

57.12

-114.39

-43.28

347.91

130.04

70.37

215.07

345.59

-283.24

-390.15

263.16

104.76

57.80

-109.31

523.60

924.47

725.37

769.10

968.97

1132.55

728.79

684.16

1384.92

1344.53

763.93

708.14

-566.88

-576.56

-595.33

-698.73

-753.90

-786.96

-1012.03

-1074.31

-1121.76

-1239.77

-706.13

-817.45

38.04

-15.39

-55.60

-17.68

-69.51

-6.44

-6.66

-3.20

-1.96

-1.08

-0.68

-5.08

-37.77

409.61

-6.51

339.46

478.22

625.97

2039.20

-103.13

123.17

844.62

310.03

928.67

-2.34

-7.74

4.62

-11.65

0.24

-0.56

-0.34

4.49

-0.78

3.70

-3.70

-5.78

-35.43

417.35

-11.13

351.11

477.98

626.53

2039.54

-107.62

123.95

840.92

313.73

934.45

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

624.44

40.14

-48.83

-16.43

-52.43

-19.03

-548.99

-1241.87

1600.70

118.56

4262.47

6887.00

-771.03

618.22

12313.37

6835.10

2280.91

417.61

2559.12

1809.57

1298.54

950.09

-669.03

-371.96

356.86

-86.08

1693.91

1583.51

-174.54

398.58

2010.13

567.70

2899.24

1068.65

3593.44

6515.04

-414.17

532.14

14007.28

8418.61

2106.37

-398.58

-2010.13

-567.70

-2899.24

-1068.65

-3593.44

-6515.04

414.17

-532.14

-14007.28

-8418.61

-2106.37

-368.52

-2065.80

-646.22

-2899.23

-1341.02

-3700.20

-6506.97

84.29

-491.87

-13958.78

-8402.41

-2053.95

-780.99

-1950.78

-325.13

-2129.71

-1096.32

-2963.68

-4575.13

418.28

-943.84

-13478.70

-8007.04

-327.59

412.47

-115.02

-321.09

-769.52

-244.70

-736.52

-1931.84

-333.99

451.97

-480.08

-395.37

-1726.36

-30.06

55.67

78.52

-0.01

272.37

106.76

-8.07

329.88

-40.27

-48.50

-16.20

-52.42

-436.35

-1600.52

-574.21

-2559.78

-590.43

-2967.47

-4475.84

311.04

-408.97

-13162.66

-8108.58

-1177.70

;f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s

tflnsf &=! -s_M ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]if cGtu{t sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePsf lhNnf / vr{sf] ljj/0f
-;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?nfO{ cg'bfg_
?= xhf/df

cfly{s jif{ @)^! ^@ b]lv cfly{s jif{ @)^*^( ;Dd

qm=;+=

lhNnf

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49

bfr'{nf
slknj:t'
d'u'
Ko'&fg
/fd]%fk
l;/xf
c%fd
a}t*L
aemf
afh'/f
**]nw'/f
b}n]v
*f]Nkf
*f]^L
x'Dnf
hfh/sf]^
h'Dnf
sflnsf]^
dxf]Q/L
/;'jf
/f}tx^
/f]Nkf
?s'd
;nf{xL
l;Gw'nL
af/f
alb{of
wflb
wg'iff
vf]^f
cf]vn('f
kfry/
k;{f
;Nofg
;Kt/L
l;Gw'kfNrf]s
;f]n'v'Da'
tfKn]h'
t]x|y'd
pbok'/
afUn'
lrtjg
s~rgk'/
sfe|]knfGrf]s
nlntk'/
dsjfgk'/
df]/
gjnk/f;L
;'v]{t

hDdf
;|f]t M u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]if

cfocfh{g sfo{q md
244,700
349,317
84,175
421,562
409,656
526,069
319,393
249,997
109,133
208,588
143,046
225,701
97,110
170,322
107,211
140,348
323,709
293,206
229,330
118,255
641,231
79,678
113,094
472,085
338,809
66,917
56,709
39,047
124,012
35,300
43,122
38,544
75,407
45,315
69,728
74,756
39,421
110,681
30,119
33,899
7,298,705

;fgfk"j f{wf/ ljsf; sfo{q md

349,501
196,855
75,221
211,073
130,097
88,106
68,018
99,320
150,624
98,071
65,566
33,847
17,263
33,495
73,291
60,273
74,595
60,611
12,915
8,900
63,855
10,757
40,036
60,009
158,314
1,610
17,587
28,613
20,687
1,086
35,859
24,872
16,310
24,396
14,881
51,620
27,967
29,590
2,535,690

gjLgtd sfo{q md
37,832
14,798
17,414
2,142
47,374
6,227
16,852
54,938
39,351
53,100
31,148
50,132
22,512
93,052
1,658
5,203
18,445
58,658
44,580
722
19,954
54,335
5,067
6,934
42,557
36,397
1,551
3,016
785,950

hDdf
594,201
546,172
159,396
632,635
539,752
614,175
425,243
364,116
277,171
308,801
255,985
265,776
131,225
258,755
219,852
253,720
429,452
353,817
292,376
149,667
798,138
92,094
158,334
550,538
555,782
68,528
74,296
112,240
124,012
55,988
43,122
39,630
111,266
70,187
86,038
99,152
54,302
162,301
58,087
63,489
722
19,954
54,335
5,067
6,934
42,557
36,397
1,551
3,016
10,620,345

tflnsf &=! -v_M ul/aL lgjf/0f sf]if cGtu{t sfo{qmd ;~rfng ePsf lhNnf / vr{sf] ljj/0f
-;fd'bflos ;+:yfx?nfO{ cg'bfg_
?= xhf/df
qm=;+=
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49

;|f]t M u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]if

lhNnf

bfr'{nf
slknj:t'
d'u'
Ko'7fg
/fd]5fk
l;/xf
c5fd
a}t8L
aemf
afh'/f
88]Nw'/f
b}n]v
8f]Nkf
8f]6L
x'Dnf
hfh/sf]6
h'Dnf
sflnsf]6
dxf]Q/L
/;'jf
/f}tx6
/f]Nkf
?s'd
;nf{xL
l;Gw'nL
af/f
alb{of
wflb
wg'iff
vf]6f
cf]vn9'f
kfFry/
k;f{
;Nofg
;Kt/L
l;Gw'kfNrf]s
;f]n'v'Da'
tfKn]h'
t]x|y'd
pbok'/
afUn'
lrtjg
s~rgk'/
sfe|]knfGrf]s
nlntk'/
dsjfgk'/
df]/
gjnk/f;L
;'v]{t
hDdf

cfly{s jif{ @)^(&) kmfu'g d;fGt;Dd_

cfocfh{g sfo{q md
548
17,039
1,316
273
7,794
41,167
22,719
1,907
7,278
12,455
326
218
8,496
1,319
12,325
20,637
2,052
52,217
7,457
2,632
17,363
4,089
3,222
9,095
1,803
17,975
662
7,815
2,656
638
40,012
24,550
95
38
456
350,644

;fgfk"j f{wf/ ljsf;

sfo{q md
5,363
1,829
2,757
1,311
19,353
2,188
3,562
6,305
4,058
3,896
4,102
628
681
10,604
1,698
1,084
1,674
2,197
1,834
4,904
3,840
21,167
5,415
1,610
203

2,563

215
1,596
295
955

296
541
118,724

gjLgtd sfo{q md
474
6,167

2,873

9,514

hDdf
5,911
18,868
4,073
1,584
27,147
41,167
24,907
3,562
8,212
4,058
11,174
16,557
628
1,007
10,822
10,194
2,403
13,999
22,834
3,886
57,121
7,457
6,472
38,530
9,504
4,832
9,298
1,803
20,538
662
7,815
2,871
2,234
40,307
25,505
95
334
997
474
6,167
2,873
478,882

tflnsf &=@ M b]zut a}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] l:ylt

l;=g+

d'n'sIf]q

dn]l;of
stf/
;fpbL c/a
o"=P=O{=
s'j]t
ax/fO{g

blIf0ff sf]l/of -O=lk=P;= ;d]t_

cf]dg
cGo d'n'sx

1
2
3
4
5

cfly{s aif{
2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

154215

220506

296032

370061

420615

455685

569667

675573

773940

102240

876180

106200

148594

204486

264191

349633

425808

481748

584714

690395

55221

745616

118324

131690

147503

186782

229176

277925

341325

412441

492896

60859

553755

51082

63808

79125

104297

149639

181327

214515

258979

313461

38085

351546

7074

8863

9503

11944

13911

16202

24457

39644

64219

9558

73777

4595

5131

5671

6871

11970

18330

22564

27211

33076

2883

35959

765

911

3820

6352

10080

15438

1764

17202

453

783

811

1320

3946

8193

11478

13920

17083

2810

19893

10849

12320

12908

13754

23856

26210

30133

33123

36603

3367

39970

452792

591695

756039

959985

1203657

1413500

1702239

2055685

2437111

276787

2713898

hDdf M
* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]
** cfly{s jif{ @)^(.&) k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Ddsf] hDDff

;|f]tM a}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefu

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

2069/70**

tflnsf *=! M k|d'v vfBfGg afnL nufPsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj

If]qkmnM xhf/ x]S^/df
pTkfbgM xhf/ d]=^gdf
pTkfbsTjM d]= ^g k|lt x]S^/df

vfBfGg afnLx?
If]qkmn
wfg
pTkfbg
pTkfbsTj
If]qkmn
ds}
pTkfbg
pTkfbsTj
If]qkmn
ux'+
pTkfbg
pTkfbsTj
If]qkmn
hf}
pTkfbg
pTkfbsTj
If]qkmn
sf]bf]
pTkfbg
pTkfbsTj
If]qkmn
kmfk/* pTkfbg
pTkfbsTj
hDdf If]qkmn
hDdf pTkfbg

cfly{s jif{
2058/59

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

1517

1545

1559

1542

1549

1440

1549

1556

2066/67
1481

2067/68
1496

2068/69
1531

2069/70**
1420

4165

4132

4456

4290

4209

3681

4299

4524

4024

4460

5072

4504

2.73

2.67

2.86

2.78

2.72

2.56

2.77

2.90

2.72

2.98

3.31

3.17

826

836

834

850

851

870

870

875

876

906

871

849

1511

1569

1590

1716

1734

1820

1879

1931

1855

2067

2179

1999

1.83

1.88

1.91

2.02

2.04

2.09

2.16

2.20

2.12

2.28

2.50

2.35

667

669

665

675

672

703

706

695

731

767

765

759

1258

1344

1387

1442

1394

1515

1572

1344

1556

1746

1846

1882

1.89

2.01

2.09

2.13

2.07

2.16

2.22

1.93

2.13

2.75

2.41

2.47

28

28

27

26

26

27

26

26

27

28

27.3

28.98

31

32

30

29

28

28

28

23

28

30

35

37

1.11

1.15

1.09

1.10

1.06

1.06

1.07

0.90

1.03

1.07

1.25

1.27

258

259

259

259

262

265

265

266

268

270

278

274

283

283

283

290

291

285

291

293

299

303

315

305

1.09

1.09

1.09

1.12

1.11

1.07

1.09

1.10

1.11

1.12

1.13

1.11

10.3

10.3

10.68

8.84

10

10.05

0.85

0.97

0.94

3038

3078

3085

3093

3098

3040

3151

3152

3383

3477.3

3484

3344

6965

7077

7463

7477

7365

7044

7778

7822

7762

8614.8

9457

8738

* kmfk/ jfnL @)^&.^* b]lv dfq ;dfj]z ePsf] .

** k|f/lDes cg'dfg
;|f]t M s[lif ljsf; dGqfno

tflnsf *=@ M k|d'v gub] afnL nufPsf] If]qkmn, pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj

If]qkmnM xhf/ x]S^/df
pTkfbgM xhf/ d]=^gdf
pTkfbsTjM d]= ^g k|lt x]S^/df

gub] afnL
If]qkmn
pv' pTkfbg
pTkfbsTj
If]qkmn
t]nxg pTkfbg
pTkfbsTj
If]qkmn
;'tL{ pTkfbg
pTkfbsTj
If]qkmn
cfn' pTkfbg
pTkfbsTj
If]qkmn
h'6 pTkfbg
pTkfbsTj
hDdf If]qkmn
hDdf pTkfbg
*
k|f/lDes cg'dfg
;|f]t M s[lif ljsf; dGqfno

2058/59 2059/60 2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

cfly{s jif{

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

59

60

59

59

62

64

63

58

58

63

64

64

2248

2343

2305

2376

2463

2600

2485

2354

2495

2718

2869

2930

37.80

38.78

38.80

40.21

39.68

40.61

39.47

40.52

43.01

43.14

14.33

45.43

188

187

187

188

188

184

180

181

199

214

218

215

135

125

133

142

139

136

134

135

155

176

181

179

0.72

0.70

0.71

0.76

0.74

0.74

0.74

0.75

0.78

0.82

0.83

0.83

3.8

3.6

3.4

3.00

2.73

2.73

2.69

2.54

2.53

1.13

1.11

1.80

3.8

3.4

3.3

3.00

2.72

2.65

2.61

2.50

2.50

1.24

1.20

2.40

0.99

0.96

0.97

1.00

1.00

0.97

0.97

0.98

0.98

1.09

1.08

1.35

135

140

143

147

151

154

157

182

185

183

187

188

1473

1531

1643

1739

1975

1943

2055

2424

2518

2508

2682

2753

10.90

10.92

11.49

11.85

13.09

12.66

13.11

13.3

13.61

13.7

14.33

14.64

11.6

11.8

11.8

12.20

11.97

11.72

11.59

11.40

10.50

10.56

10.54

11.30

17.0

17.1

16.9

17.70

17.10

16.81

16.98

15.70

12.96

14.42

14.42

15.50

1.45

1.44

1.43

1.45

1.43

1.43

1.46

1.38

1.23

1.36

1.37

1.37

397.4

402.4

404.2

409.2

415.70

416.5

414.3

434.94

455.03

461.26

480.65

480.10

3876.8

4019.5

4101.2

4277.7

4596.82

4698.46

4693.59

4931.20

5183.36

5403.37

5747.62

5879.90

tflnsf *=# M cGo afnL] pTkfbg l:ylt

xhf/ d]=^gdf

cGo afnLx?
bnxg
kmnkm"n
t/sf/L
hDdf pTkfbg

cfly{s jif{
2058/59

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

250.40

256.90

265.30

271.30

267.45

274.37

269.77

255.38

262.35

318.36

327.15

356.70

473.62

518.86

511.40

548.00

535.45

575.09

630.56

686.21

707.00

831.60

885.52

1086.85

1738.09

1799.97

1890.10

2081.79

2190.10

2298.68

2538.90

2754.40

3004.00

3203.00

3400.90

3409.70

2462.11

2575.73

2666.80

2901.09

2993.00

3148.14

3439.23

3695.99

3973.35

4352.96

4613.57

4853.25

* k|f/lDes cg'dfg
;|f]t M s[lif ljsf; dGqfno

tflnsf *=$ M kz'hGo pTkfbg l:ylt

xhf/ d]=^gdf

ljj/0f
df;'
b"w / b'Uw kbfy{
km'n -bz nfv uf]6fdf_
df5f
k|f/lDes cg'dfg
;|f]tM s[lif ljsf; dGqfno

cfly{s jif{
2058/59

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

198.64

203.89

208.41

214.80

219.20

227.11

233.90

241.69

249.00

277.62

288.50

295.50

1158.79

1195.93

1231.85

1274.20

1312.14

1351.39

1388.73

1445.41

1496.00

1556.50

1622.75

1681.10

538.42

557.36

575.56

590.13

600.80

614.85

631.25

629.94

643.20

704.13

787.01

838.90

35.00

36.57

39.95

42.46

45.42

46.78

48.75

48.23

49.73

52.07

54.36

53.96

tflnsf *=% M s[lifhGo j:t'x?sf] kl/df0ffTds ;"rsf

-cfwf/ jif{ @)%&%* !))_

cfly{s jif{
2057/58 2058/59
s[lifhGo j:t'x?
ef/
1 vfBfGg tyf cGo afnLx?
49.41
100
102.32
s_
wfg
20.75
100
98.77
v_
ds}
6.88
100
101.80
u_
uxF'
7.14
100
108.65
3_
sf]bf]
1.37
100
99.90
_
hf}+
0.22
100
100.99
r_
cfn"
4.67
100
112.11
5_
pFv'
1.24
100
101.64
h_
h'6
0.17
100
97.61
em_ ;'tL{
0.06
100
94.71
`_
e6df;
0.19
100
103.16
6_
bnxg
4.42
100
100.99
7_
cGo
2.29
100
101.42
2 t/sf/L, jfujfgL / g;{/ L cflb
9.71
100
105.14
s_
t/sf/L
9.70
100
105.14
v_
cGo
0.01
100
98.05
3 kmnkm"n cflb
7.10
100
98.96
s_
;'Gtnf
0.97
100
107.82
v_
cfFk
1.56
100
78.17
u_
s]/f
0.40
100
100.58
3_
:ofp
0.42
100
101.58
_
cldnf] hftsf kmnkm"n
1.79
100
107.09
r_
lrof
0.05
100
113.26
5_
skmL
0.00
100
156.18
h_
cGo
1.85
100
102.77
4 kz'hGo pTkfbg
23.25
100
102.42
s_
/f+uf tyf e};L
4.42
100
102.12
v_
v;L tyf af]sf
3.24
100
101.96
u_
b'w
12.36
100
103.07
3_
cGo
3.23
100
100.60
5 cGo kz'hGo pTkfbg
2.43
100
108.23
s_
;F'u'/ tyf a+u'/
0.50
100
102.33
v_
s'v'/fsf] df;'
0.67
100
106.30
u_
km'n
0.81
100
106.13
3_
xf8 / 5fnf
0.35
100
118.58
_
cGo
0.11
100
101.37
6 aghGo pTkfbg
8.10
100
101.94
hDdf ;'rsf+s
100
100
102.40
gf]6Mcfly{s jif{ @)%&.%* b]lv ;"rsf+sdf kl/dfh{g ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] .
;|f]tM s]Gb|Lo tYof ljefu .

2059/60

2060/61

2063/64

2064/65

104.33

107.88

109.54

111.08

108.13

116.10

118.05

117.00

125.73

133.68

127.95

98.01

105.67

101.74

99.83

87.30

101.96

107.29

95.43

105.78

120.30

106.83

105.73

107.14

115.63

116.87

122.63

126.58

130.09

125.00

144.70

146.84

134.69

116.09

119.81

124.58

120.40

130.86

135.77

116.06

134.43

127.55

134.03

140.31

100.00

100.19

102.47

102.86

100.69

102.92

103.48

105.89

110.27

114.78

111.33

104.01

92.33

96.24

91.14

92.80

92.11

76.17

90.48

94.79

80.56

85.32

116.56

125.09

132.36

150.32

147.92

156.41

184.52

191.65

190.91

193.09

197.18

105.94

104.23

107.43

111.34

117.54

112.37

106.45

117.21

122.90

132.47

131.12

103.92

103.04

98.87

104.32

93.74

103.64

95.74

127.90

87.96

87.99

88.00

87.09

83.31

75.91

68.41

66.65

65.79

62.85

62.70

31.16

36.17

36.17

106.93

110.84

113.45

111.84

119.98

117.97

120.78

116.75

162.10

161.82

165.26

104.01

92.33

96.24

109.34

112.18

110.29

104.42

109.48

128.47

129.11

132.16

98.56

96.64

102.19

98.68

95.97

93.59

93.83

102.09

104.34

103.70

106.86

108.89

114.35

124.94

132.47

140.89

153.66

164.89

176.92

190.67

193.15

197.57

108.88

114.33

124.92

132.47

140.87

153.65

164.87

176.92

190.78

193.26

197.68

113.90

130.29

144.29

137.13

167.28

167.72

179.26

179.71

187.93

188.18

191.29

98.96

120.82

128.93

128.02

135.68

142.22

155.60

161.14

187.23

207.72

249.53

114.57

121.79

130.33

127.20

146.10

157.63

167.16

177.28

239.98

216.07

216.07

106.38

86.45

110.37

107.72

113.51

110.79

117.49

113.94

147.24

215.65

352.99

102.15

104.02

105.46

102.92

108.86

117.45

124.56

132.09

228.41

323.96

351.08

103.92

107.02

110.00

107.36

108.62

117.19

124.28

131.80

134.27

144.47

149.17

159.20

180.42

183.17

186.11

193.35

200.56

212.69

225.56

259.27

271.92

294.55

123.50

175.52

189.91

208.90

225.97

243.45

267.25

293.38

262.70

282.10

291.44

211.24

244.94

280.66

337.08

402.25

561.80

629.21

704.72

451.12

477.53

488.76

105.04

107.68

109.90

107.26

112.36

121.22

136.64

142.28

208.79

206.57

219.85

105.19

107.76

111.17

113.97

117.53

120.42

122.27

124.03

127.13

129.38

130.85

104.76

107.01

111.30

113.77

117.77

121.11

125.45

129.93

134.46

137.86

139.89

104.58

106.73

109.54

112.31

117.59

121.62

126.32

129.71

136.69

138.28

136.51

106.36

109.51

113.27

116.58

119.96

123.18

128.17

132.63

137.96

140.54

142.53

101.73

102.95

104.41

105.74

107.66

107.55

91.11

77.19

113.83

113.83

113.83

106.53

109.19

112.62

116.21

82.37

122.90

127.93

119.64

168.55

180.70

190.81

102.54

100.98

103.18

103.50

105.24

107.97

111.50

111.99

117.61

119.94

125.89

110.93

118.88

115.89

116.90

93.52

125.08

124.67

123.67

250.93

284.66

298.89

109.86

113.45

116.32

118.43

94.74

124.43

124.17

126.78

138.79

146.03

157.92

89.69

90.00

108.32

124.90

144.01

151.57

183.48

120.40

183.48

184.11

184.74

98.06

85.38

88.78

89.31

89.48

90.59

95.14

94.49

87.46

86.50

86.06

103.86

104.88

105.09

102.47

104.42

102.96

102.69

102.42

74.77

76.73

83.55

106.21

109.66

112.69

114.64

115.72

122.01

125.06

127.73

133.46

140.05

141.75

* M ;+zf]lwt cg'dfg

2061/62

2062/63

** M k|f/lDes ;+zf]lwt cg'dfg

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68 2068/69*

2069/70**

tflnsf *=^ M /f;folgs dn, pGgt aLp / sL6gfzs cf}iflwsf] k|of]u

d]l^<s ^gdf

ljj/0f

cfly{s jif{
2058/59

2059/60

!= /f;folgs dn
19713
38950
-Go"l6PG6df_
s= gfO6f]hg
10610
21838
v= kmf];kmf]/;
8562
15332
u= kf]6f;
541
1780
@= pGgt aLp
2654
2053
s= wfg
89
353
v= ds}
41
20
u= ux+'
2524
1680
#= sL6gfzs cf}iflw
s= w''nf] -d]= 6gdf_**
v= emf]n -ln6/df_
* rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] cg'dflgt

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

11711

18458

8136

12751

3285

3157

42178

29604

45672

145653

5465

8118

2856

8781

1939

2918

28407

21467

40095

5233

8941

4994

3970

1346

239

12356

7092

3415

1013

1399

286

1415

1045

2162

99196
43724
2733

2190

2749

3514

4337

4192

2348

2946

850

1209

170

67.795

0.1

0.84

3487

2983

3380

3781

504

510

644

900

897

20

11

30

1666

2237

2859

2450

2883

3947
931
3016

0.215
2178

2877.6

** s[lif r"g ;d]t

;|f]t M s[lif ;fdu|L sDkgL lnld^]* / /fli^<o aLp jLhg sDkgL lnld^]*

tflnsf *=& M yk l;+rfO{ lj:tf/

x]S^/df

ljj/0f
!= ef}uf]lns If]q
s= kxf8
v= t/fO{
u= g5'6\ofOPsf]
@= lsl;d
s= gx/
v= e"ldut
u= g5'6\ofOPsf]
cg'dflgt
;|f]t M l;+rfO ljefu

k|yd cf7 dlxgf

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2068/69

2069/70

11823

12753

11325.5

18402.0

26967.5

16613.0

25850.0

30718.0

35748.0

47795.0

17447.0

9585.0

4251

1303

195

1620

2878

14099

2961

5304

6991

16403

1345.0

7572

11450

11128.5

16782

23931.5

2514

22889

25414

28757

31392

16102.0

9585

158

2
11823

12753

11325.5

18402.0

26967.5

14099.0

25850.0

30718.0

35748.0

47795.0

17447.0

9585.0

7308.2

6846.5

2560

7764

5460

5390

6734

11384

10523

25235

12935.0

4506

5905

8763.5

10638

21024

8625

18815

19334

25225

22560

4512.0

9585

8.8

1.5

483.5

84

301

tflnsf *=* M /f;folgs dnsf] d"No

?= k|lt d]=^gdf

ljj/0f
/f;folgs
s_
;Nkm]6
v_
o'l/of
u_
sDKn]S;
3_
sDkfp08
_
l8=P=lk=
r_
kf]6f;
5_
6L=P;=lk=

cfly{s jif{
2058/11/29

2060/11/30

2061/11/30

2062/11/30

2063/11/30

2064/11/30

2065/11/30*

2066/11/30

2067/12/30*

2068/12/30*

2069/12/30*

14200.0

15560.0

16000.0

16000.0

14200.0

24000.0

24000.0

12500.0

18000.0

18000.0

18000.0

19220.0

19220.0

19220.0

20560.0

25000.0

25000.0

25000.0

27260.0

32000.0

32000.0

45000.0

14500.0

20000.0

20000.0

31000.0

10300.0
13500.0

19000.0

19500.0

20860.0

24000.0

24000.0

13600.0

13600.0

14330.0

13600.0

13600.0

cfoft ljGb'sf] nflu tf]lsPsf] d"No

;|f]t M s[lif ;fdu|L sDkgL lnld6]8
*

2059/11/30

tflnsf (=! M ;d"xut cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg

qm=
1

5
6

;+s]t k|d'v cf}Bf]lus ;d"x

311-312 cfly{s jif{
42.30 1 rfprfp
48.42 2 la:s'6
54.50 3 ;j{t -:Sjfo;_
61.20 4 lrgL
74.11 5 lrof
81.98 6 kz'bfgf
91.40 7 jg:klt o"
313
k]o ;d"x
111
1 xNsf k]o kbfy{
112.30 2 ljo/
112.40 3 dlb/f
314 ;'t L{h Go j:t'
122.20 1 r'/f]6
122.30 2 la8L
321
nQf sk8f
652.10 1 ;"tL sk8f
653.50 2 l;Gy]l6s sk8f
3 h'6sf ;fdfg
323
5fnf / 5fnfsf ;fdfg
611.20 1 k|zf]lwt 5fnf
324 h'Qf
851 1 h'Qf

OsfO{
d]l6s 6g
d]l6s 6g
xhf/ ln6/
d]l6s 6g
d]l6s 6g
d]l6s 6g
d]l6s 6g

2059/60 2060/61 2061/62 2062/63 2063/64 2064/65 2065/66 2066/67 2067/68 2068/69 2069/70*
8950

9460

29369

9836

9590

6157

2430

2612

28905

30350

31867

33580

36894

38794

39580

41559

42806

94052

96174

94436

98461

103384

108682

180650

190650

190650

200183

200183

9631

11397

11475

11589

12168

12703

15506

16000

16320

17136

17136

24060

22496

75210

72051

199587

179239

188200

194319

31603

32472

46283

15434

15743

16215

24162

24977

30663

3847

3924

4042

3792

4437

8947

9039

9490

10089

11907

12000

12800

13056

13448

s/f]8 lvNnL
s/f]8 lvNnL

6812

7268

9418

949.3

996.7

1070.9

12007

13100

13490

13895

14312

140

139

xhf/ ld6/
xhf/ ld6/
d]l6s 6g

1438

1503

28594

31239

11794

34862

35699

32780

xhf/ ju{km'6

3120

3076

xhf/ hf]/

786

865

xhf/ ln6/
xhf/ ln6/
xhf/ ln6/

1416

32334

35567

37034

40669

42000

42840

44982

46331
45537

11793
20118

2037

2138

2295

2515

2590

2720

14915

14915

2965

3054

qm=
7

8
9

;+s]t k|d'v cf}Bf]lus ;d"x

OsfO{ 2059/60
331
sf7 tyf sfi7 j:t'
634.20 1 KnfOp8
xhf/ ju{km'6
510
2 :6faf]8{
d]l6s 6g
1024
341
sfuh tyf :6]zg/L af]8 {
641.90 1 sfuh
d]l6s 6g
42056
352

99.32
10

355
851

11

356
581

12

369
661.2

;fa'g
2 w'nf] ;fa'g
3 ;nfO{
/a/sf ;fdfg
1 rKkn
Knfli6s ;fdfg
1 Knfl:6s ;fdfg

14

kmnfd tyf l:6nsf ;fdfg

673

697.2
15

383
723.1

729.1
*

l;d]G6
OF6f 6fon

371
381

603

679

712

753

809

909

950

1186

813

829

870

907

803

905

950

1045

1045

42835

28958

29904

31399

32905

d]l6s 6g
d]l6s 6g
xhf/ u|';

54624

53805

44267

44821

47062

49092

51092

52000

53100

55755

54693

5241

6195

3301

3331

3497

3705

3800

4305

4435

4657

4435

2150

2053

1598

xhf/ hf]8f

4420

4707

d]l6s 6g

1587

1500

6179

6017

6317

6494

65004

66100

68100

73548

70143

255171

279412

610044

613643

644325

71132

71000

72100

84130

92543

86654

28954

29967

154621

169310

166451

35340

40641

35340

66

88

89

26234

25578

24977

24924

26170

28004

28005

29001

14500

14138

14638

14659

15391

15907

16000

17205

17550

20183

18077

53405

51803

54047

5065

wft' jfx]ssf vlghhGo j:t'

662.4 2
13

545

cGo /f;folgs ;fdfg

554.10 1
554.30

2060/61 2061/62 2062/63 2063/64 2064/65 2065/66 2066/67 2067/68 2068/69 2069/70*

d]l6s 6g
xhf/ uf]6f

kmnfd] 58, cf+uN; cflbd]l6s 6g

d]lzg afx]s cGo Hofjn
pks/0f
1 l:6nsf ef+8f jt{g
d]l6s 6g
2 s[lif pks/0f
d]l6s 6g
ljB't\ pks/0f tyf ;fdfg

/ cf}Bf]lus pks/0f cflb

1 s= hL=cfO= Pr= jL= tf/
d]l6s 6g
2 v= P=;L=cf/=P;= sG8S6/
ls= ld=
/ kL=eL=;L tf/
3 Aof6L
xhf/ j6f

k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] cfwf/df jflif{s cg'dfg .

l6Kk0fL M sltko j:t'sf] pTkfbg laj/0f k|fKt gePsf] x'Fbf ;DalGwt :yfg vfnL (blank) /x]sf] .
;|f]t M pBf]u ljefu

tflnsf (=@ M ;d"xut cf}Bf]lus ;"rsf *

qmdf+s ;+s ]t g+=

k|d'v cf}Bf]l us ;d"x

t]n, ag:klt o" cflbsf] pTkfbg

2160 jg:klt o"
2163 tf]/Lsf] t]n
2165 e6df;sf] t]n
2
b'Uw kbfy{s f] pTkfbg
2211
3
2316
2311
2331
4
2342
2353
2372
2391
5
2412
2431
2449
6
2501
7
2621
2669
2671
8
2721
2617

k|zf]lwt b"w
cGg tyf kz'b fgf
rfdn
ux'Fsf] lk7f]
kz'bfgf
cGo vfB kbfy{
lj:s'6
lrgL
rfprfp
k|zf]lwt lrof
k]o kbfy{
dlb/f
ljo/
xNsf k]o kbfy{
;'t L{hGo j:t'
r'/f]6
nQf sk8f
wfuf]
;'tL sk8f
l;Gy]l6s sk8f
cGo nQf sk8f
pmgL un}rf
h'6sf ;fdfg

ef/
k|ltzt

cfwf/ jif{ @)^)^!!))

cfwf/ jif{ @)%&%*!))

2057/58

2058/59

2059/60

2060/61

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

15.78

100.00

122.57

112.28

113.55

100.00

107.01

108.73

108.42

93.11

88.91

10.08

100.00

123.08

92.31

89.54

100.00

108.82

111.94

104.70

80.99

72.69

1.95

100.00

126.65

146.91

139.57

100.00

97.71

93.04

103.96

100.71

101.05

3.74

100.00

119.57

138.70

152.57

100.00

107.29

108.57

121.06

122.06

126.53

2.77

100.00

109.43

114.90

121.80

100.00

103.43

105.04

107.41

108.52

107.34

2.77

100.00

109.43

114.90

121.80

100.00

103.43

105.04

107.41

108.52

107.34

8.16

100.00

100.40

97.19

103.90

100.00

105.22

106.46

114.99

119.00

128.62

4.33

100.00

101.33

90.19

99.20

100.00

106.23

104.83

111.75

116.73

126.49

2.19

100.00

100.17

106.18

111.49

100.00

106.01

108.44

111.49

114.89

123.29

1.63

100.00

95.18

98.98

97.01

100.00

102.10

108.77

129.00

131.29

142.23

7.93

100.00

89.59

104.50

103.94

100.00

105.38

110.21

118.17

125.02

133.21

1.04

100.00

94.73

107.04

101.69

100.00

108.11

112.25

116.47

123.86

129.50

2.92

100.00

80.07

96.88

93.01

100.00

103.93

106.21

118.26

123.89

131.42

2.72

100.00

100.43

111.47

115.94

100.00

105.36

112.43

117.75

122.79

135.40

1.25

100.00

112.74

128.52

142.67

100.00

106.54

113.04

120.27

133.46

135.67

6.59

100.00

84.07

92.12

92.49

100.00

102.49

106.91

118.62

123.65

133.23

2.39

100.00

67.89

68.57

78.16

100.00

99.62

105.18

117.21

120.61

120.34

2.92

100.00

90.14

101.86

98.80

100.00

104.68

108.18

122.04

127.38

139.93

1.28

100.00

80.12

83.32

85.82

100.00

102.86

107.23

113.43

120.81

142.02

6.53

100.00

98.44

94.50

99.23

100.00

100.46

99.68

102.73

105.46

110.35

6.53

100.00

98.44

94.50

94.50

100.00

100.46

99.68

102.73

105.46

110.35

5.2

100.00

72.17

68.67

71.83

100.00

105.89

111.82

121.05

121.45

118.47

3.18

100.00

100.00

108.27

118.08

130.85

131.43

125.63

1.27

100.00

89.54

89.54

92.23

100.00

103.70

103.40

107.60

106.13

106.53

0.75

100.00

102.23

99.17

105.11

100.00

99.49

99.55

102.30

105.05

108.32

6.59

100.00

80.48

74.27

79.02

100.00

106.34

108.74

101.90

99.74

89.91

4.32

100.00

62.34

59.22

62.18

100.00

105.67

106.89

96.64

90.22

79.64

2.27

100.00

106.67

96.00

96.00

100.00

107.62

112.25

111.92

117.84

109.47

qmdzM

tflnsf (=@ M ;d"xut cf}Bf]lus ;"rsf *

qmdf+s ;+s ]t g+=
9
2819
10
2825
11
2912
12
3110
13
3214
14
3230
15
3529
3532
16
3641
17
3735
3744
18
4124
19
4291

k|d'v cf}Bf]l us ;d"x

a'g ]s f] sk8f
klZdgf
nufpg] sk8f
ufd]{G6
5fnf / 5fnfsf ;fdfg
k|zf]lwt 5fnf
sf7 tyf sf7sf ;fdfg
lr/]sf] sf7
sfuh / sfuhsf pTkfbg
sfuh -cvjf/L sfuh jfx]s_
k|s fzg 5fkfvfgf tyf /]s l8{
kqklqsf
cGo /f;folgs kbfy{
cf}iflw
;fa'g
Knfli6ssf ;fdfg
Knfli6ssf ;fdfg
u}/wft' vlghhGo pTkfbg
OF6f 6fon
l;d]06
km]lj|s ]6]6 wft's f cGo ;fdfg
kmnfd, /8 tyf kQL
wft's f pks/0f

3/]n' wft'sf ;fdfg

20
ljh'nLsf pks/0f
4651 ljh'nLsf] tf/ tyf s]jn
s'n ;"rsf
*

ef/
k|ltzt

cfwf/ jif{ @)^)^!!))

cfwf/ jif{ @)%&%*!))

2057/58

2058/59

2059/60

2060/61

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

1.18

100.00

100.00

100.72

97.13

88.21

90.44

95.74

1.18

100.00

100.00

100.72

97.13

88.21

90.44

95.74

7.14

100.00

72.69

97.41

94.49

100.00

80.42

68.13

59.43

50.54

44.44

7.14

100.00

72.69

97.41

94.49

100.00

80.42

68.13

59.43

50.54

44.44

0.92

100.00

90.51

89.60

87.81

100.00

106.04

110.99

121.02

122.06

124.16

0.92

100.00

90.51

89.60

87.81

100.00

106.04

110.99

121.02

122.06

124.16

0.95

100.00

108.35

124.48

125.73

100.00

102.49

98.99

101.86

104.20

110.37

0.95

100.00

108.35

124.48

125.73

100.00

102.49

98.99

101.86

104.20

110.37

1.42

100.00

98.47

103.39

100.29

100.00

105.44

105.88

110.60

112.21

114.04

1.42

100.00

98.47

103.39

100.29

100.00

105.44

105.88

110.60

112.21

114.04

1.58

100.00

100.00

103.29

105.74

106.10

109.43

116.49

1.58

100.00

100.00

103.29

105.74

106.10

109.43

116.49

10.34

100.00

100.00

105.02

111.68

122.52

126.50

121.58

7.01

100.00

100.00

104.43

108.90

120.29

125.17

118.64

3.33

100.00

113.74

111.46

110.35

100.00

106.26

117.53

127.22

129.29

127.77

4.75

100.00

120.20

103.37

101.31

100.00

101.23

103.32

96.15

87.75

97.13

4.75

100.00

120.20

103.37

101.31

100.00

101.23

103.32

96.15

87.75

97.13

5.34

100.00

105.66

109.89

115.05

100.00

102.58

107.68

104.09

103.54

96.54

2.42

100.00

104.58

108.76

109.85

100.00

104.18

107.46

95.58

101.67

104.29

2.92

100.00

106.34

110.59

118.34

100.00

101.26

107.87

111.14

105.09

90.12

3.7

100.00

104.13

105.84

111.61

100.00

101.29

109.81

118.48

137.33

138.36

3.7

100.00

107.42

108.49

116.42

100.00

101.29

109.81

118.48

137.33

138.36

1.45

100.00

100.00

102.30

101.61

99.54

95.01

85.47

1.45

100.00

100.00

102.30

101.61

99.54

95.01

85.47

1.68

100.00

103.49

107.63

105.48

100.00

103.62

108.56

108.51

108.48

105.20

1.68

100.00

103.49

107.63

105.48

100.00

103.62

108.56

108.51

108.48

105.20

100.00

100.00

93.39

95.66

97.66

100.00

102.65

104.74

107.43

106.42

106.55

113.74

g]=/f=j}+ssf] $@ lhNnfsf] 5flgPsf pBf]ux?af6 k|fKt pTkfbg tYofdf cfwfl/t .

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s, pBf]u ljefu / s]lGb|o tYof ljefu .

111.46

110.35

-cfwf/ jif{M @)^%^^!))_

qmdf+s ;+s]t g+=
1

k|d'v cf}Bf]lus ;d"x

t]n, ag:klt o" cflbsf] pTkfbg

2160

jg:klt o"
2163 tf]/Lsf] t]n
2165 e6df;sf] t]n
2
b'Uw kbfy{sf] pTkfbg
2211
3
2316
2311
2331
4
2342
2341
2353
2665
2372
2391
5
2412
2423
2449
6
2501
7
2621
2669
8
2721
2715
9
2825
10
2912

k|zf]lwt b"w
cGg tyf kz'b fgf
rfdn
ux'Fsf] lk7f]
kz'bfgf
cGo vfB kbfy{
lj:s'6
/f]6L
lrgL
rsn]6
rfprfp
k|zf]lwt lrof
k]o kbfy{
dlb/f
ljo/
xNsf k]o kbfy{
;'tL{hGo j:t'
r'/f]6
nQf sk8f
wfuf]
;'tL sk8f
cGo nQf sk8f
pmgL un}rf
h'6sf ;fdfg
nufpg] sk8f
ufd]{G6
5fnf / 5fnfsf ;fdfg
k|zf]lwt 5fnf

ef/
k|ltzt *

cfly{s jif{
2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

9.61

100.00

98.08

94.81

84.43

5.72

100.00

91.82

71.74

55.68

1.32

100.00

107.85

99.08

119.89

2.57

100.00

106.97

143.94

130.14

1.91

100.00

109.87

108.17

110.02

1.91

100.00

109.87

108.17

110.02

9.34

100.00

91.95

99.08

111.28

7.79

100.00

89.37

97.42

108.81

1.39

100.00

104.82

105.57

123.73

0.16

100.00

105.88

122.83

123.11

6.45

100.00

104.02

107.77

123.29

0.94

100.00

103.28

94.57

76.72

1.07

100.00

83.85

128.12

145.10

1.82

100.00

105.07

117.06

132.49

0.73

100.00

102.85

100.65

107.56

1.17

100.00

113.19

110.50

157.29

0.72

100.00

118.59

74.07

89.10

6.72

100.00

124.12

135.84

146.08

2.21

100.00

108.49

132.94

144.93

2.38

100.00

151.63

152.88

153.23

2.13

100.00

109.56

119.78

139.26

6.66

100.00

101.78

125.08

119.15

6.66

100.00

101.78

125.08

119.15

6.31

100.00

93.88

70.84

70.52

1.5

100.00

74.59

55.97

68.69

4.81

100.00

99.90

75.47

71.09

4.17

100.00

89.29

92.90

102.32

2.91

100.00

93.74

78.76

91.29

1.26

100.00

79.02

125.57

127.80

1.17

100.00

115.24

116.74

96.87

1.17

100.00

115.24

116.74

96.87

0.53

100.00

155.65

100.87

81.45

0.53

100.00

155.65

100.87

81.45

qmdzM

qmdf+s ;+s]t g+=

11
3110
12
3141
13
3214
3215
14
3338
15
3441
16
3511
3529
3532
17
3641
18
3735
3744
3769
3756
19
4124
4127
20
4291
4153
21
4219
22
4651
23
3814

k|d'v cf}Bf]lus ;d"x

sf7 tyf sf7sf ;fdfg
lr/]sf] sf7
sf7hGo a:tsf pTkfbg
KnfOp8
sfuh / sfuhsf pTkfbg
sfuh -cvjf/L sfuh jfx]s_
sf6{'g jS;
k|zf]lwt k]6f]lnod kbfy{
No'j cfon
/f;folgs kbfy{
/f]lhg
cGo /f;folgs kbfy{
/
cf}iflw
;fa'g
Knfli6ssf ;fdfg
Knfli6ssf ;fdfg
u}/wft' vlghhGo pTkfbg
O{f 6fon
l;d]06
slGqm6
Xo'd kfOk
km]lj|s]6]6 wft'sf cGo ;fdfg
kmnfd, /8 tyf kQL
UofnagfOH8 kfOk
wft'sf pks/0f
3/]n' wft'sf ;fdfg
cfNd'lgod ;fdfg
cGo km]lj|s]6]8 wft'sf pTkfbg
tof/L wft'sf pTkfbg
ljh'nLsf pks/0f
ljh'nLsf] tf/ tyf s]jn
kmlg{r/ pTkfbg
kmlg{r/
s'n ;"rsf

ef/
k|ltzt *

cfly{s jif{
2065/66

2066/67

2068/69

0.67

100.00

109.52

58.66

52.96

0.67

100.00

109.52

58.66

52.96

0.60

100.00

112.61

116.30

106.48

0.60

100.00

112.61

116.30

106.48

2.57

100.00

94.97

77.30

83.96

0.57

100.00

75.69

68.96

80.55

2.00

100.00

100.51

79.69

84.94

1.04

100.00

105.56

111.57

98.44

1.04

100.00

105.56

111.57

98.44

1.19

100.00

111.30

106.51

80.28

1.19

100.00

111.30

106.51

80.28

5.35

100.00

100.89

110.65

121.08

0.75

100.00

105.28

149.93

172.70

1.63

100.00

100.06

113.34

128.94

2.97

100.00

100.24

99.26

103.73

5.74

100.00

101.71

94.10

112.57

5.74

100.00

101.71

94.10

112.57

7.92

100.00

104.48

133.63

122.98

1.62

100.00

88.13

77.48

93.59

5.28

100.00

114.69

161.66

135.16

0.76

100.00

43.64

40.54

92.54

0.26

100.00

176.65

186.46

147.75

11.71

100.00

107.78

111.53

112.57

5.54

100.00

110.96

110.46

110.78

6.17

100.00

104.93

112.49

114.18

0.86

100.00

89.04

115.51

118.31

0.31

100.00

97.48

84.39

87.47

0.55

100.00

84.28

133.05

135.68

7.17

100.00

101.91

110.69

135.94

7.17

100.00

101.91

110.69

135.94

1.74

100.00

102.84

138.31

154.13

1.74

100.00

102.84

138.31

154.13

0.56

100.00

99.98

104.37

103.66

0.56

100.00

99.98

104.37

103.66

100.0

100.0

102.6

105.4

111.6

* Census of Manufacturing Establishments (CME) @))^)& df cfwf/Lt

gf]6M ;+s]t g+= cGt/f{li6o juL{s/0f Central Product Classification (CPC) df cfwfl/t 5 .

;|f]t M s]lGb|o tYof ljefu .

2067/68

tflnsf (=# M btf{ ePsf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] ;+Vof / l:y/ k'hL nufgL
cfly{s jif{
2058/59
2059/60
2060/61
2061/62
2062/63
2063/64
2064/65
2065/66
2066/67
2067/68

k|fOe]6 kmd{

8851
6878
5985
6972
7322
7587
8231
16238
11250

pBf]usf] lsl;d / ;+Vof

;fem]bf/L
k|fOe]6 lnld6]8

hDdf

l:y/ k'FhL nufgL ePsf] /sd ?= s/f]8df

hDdf
k|fOe]6 kmd{ k|fOe]6 lnld6]8 ;fem]bf/L

513
340
600
559
536
731
847
943
1116

526
454
548
499
372
385
316
541
654

12359

1114

1145

9890
7672
7133
8030
8230
8703
9394
17722
13020
14618

2068/69

15831

1225

952

18008

1727.40

2069/70*

8411

744

547

9702

1197.80

;|f]tM 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ljefu

* k|yd cf7 dlxgf ;Ddsf]

411.00
502.38
468.28
879.03
570.75
672.03
681.00
1134.00
983.45

291.00
53.14
102.48
153.28
69.86
765.20
82.00
229.00
307.60

70.00
35.48
46.94
68.42
29.39
34.05
60.00
169.00
241.83

1115

220

140

772.00
591.00
617.70
1100.73
670.00
1471.28
823.00
1532.00
1532.88
1475.00

tflnsf (=$ M s]xL 5flgPsf pBf]ux?sf] pTkfbg Ifdtfsf] pkof]u

-k|ltztdf_
qm=;+= ljj/0f
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

lrgL
r'/f]6
lao/
;nfO{
h'Qf
l;d]G6
h'6sf ;fdfg

cfly{s jif{
2059/60 2060/61 2061/62 2062/63 2063/64 2064/65 2065/66

2066/67

2067/68 2068/69*

43

42

42

32

34

31

31

31

32

32.3

90

87

87

88

88

91

92

92

92.9

66

65

68

72

74

78

80

80

52.4

62

63

64

64

64

58

58

58

58.9

26

27

45

64

65

66

70

72

74

74.7

46

39

49

39

42

41

45

50

56

57.7

71

67

68

72

72

66

66

67

67.7

* cfly{s jif{ )^&^* sf] cfwf/df l;d]06df # k|ltzt / cGodf ! k|ltzt yk u/L jflif{s cg'dfg ul/Psf] .
;|f]t M pBf]u ljefu .

tflnsf (=% -s_ cf}Bf]lus If]qx?sf] jt{dfg l:ylt

-cf=j=2068069_
cfly{s jif{
l;=g+=

cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] gfd

:yfkgf ldlt cf}=If]=sf] s'n ljsf; u/L tof/

-cf}=If]=_

s]Gb|Lo sfof{no

afnfh' cf}Bf]lus If]q

pBf]ux?nfO{

cf}=If]=tk{maf^

lghL pBF]usf]

ef*fdf lbPsf] ePsf] nufgL tk{maf^ ePsf]

;+rfngdf cfPsf
pBf]uxsf]

aGb

lgdf{)ffwLg

If]qnkmn

u/]sf] hdLg

pBf]uxsf] pBf]uxsf]

-/f]kgLdf_

-/f]kgLdf_

hdLg -/f]kgLdf_

-s/f]*df_

nufgL -s/f]*df_

;+Vof

;+Vof

;+Vof

2016

670

670

540

6.22

312

97

26

2020

2829

2506

1904

5.33

502

63

17

14

2020

293

293

220

4.01

170

102

2030

233

233

189

1.75

195.2

30

2029

202

202

134

1.3

30

24

2031

501

501

397

2.82

183

61

10

2032

434

406

348

2.3

170.1

62

2035

71

71

58

2.24

59

35

2038

90

90

62

1.54

1.50

22

2041

63

2044

294

171

17

4.86

3.5

5680

5143

3869

32.93

1626.3

498

52

72

sf&df*f}+, afUdtL c+=

3

x]^f}*f cf}B]flus If]q

dsjfgk'/, gf/fo)fL c+=
kf^g cf}Bf]lus If]q
nlntk'/, afUdtL c+=

g]kfnuGh cf}Bf]lus If]q

g]kfnuGh, e]/L c+=

w/fg cf}Bf]lus If]q

w/fg, sf]zL c+=

kf]v/f cf}Bf]lus If]q

kf]v/f, u)*sL c+=

a'^jn cf}Bf]lus If]q

a'^jn, n'lDagL c+=

etmk'/ cf}Bf]lus IF]q

etmk'/, afUdtL c+=

10

aL/]Gb|gu/ cf}Bf]lus If]q

;'v]{t, e]/L c+=

11

wgs'^f cf}Bf]lus If]q

0.56

wgs'^f, sf]zL c+=

12

uh]Gb|gf/fo)f l;+x cf}Bf]lus If]q

/fhla/fh, ;u/dfyf c+=
hDdfM
;|f]t M cf}Bf]lus If]q Joj:yfkg lnld^]*

cf}Bf]lus If]qx?sf] jt{dfg l:ylt

-cf=j=2068069_
l;=g+=

cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] gfd

-cf}=If]=_

cf}=If]=sf]

pBf]uxn]

sfof{no tk{msf] k|bfg u/]sf]

/f]huf/L

/]fhuf/L

hDdf

pBf]uxsf]

cf}Bf]lus IF]qsf]

pBf]uxnfO{

/f]huf/L

cfk\mg} ^x/fsf]

tk{maf^ lgdf{)f

ef*fdf lbPsf]

kfpg] ;+Vof

;+Vof

ePsf] sf/vfgf ejg

^x/fx

s]Gb|Lo sfof{no

36

38

afnfh' cf}Bf]lus If]q

31

3506

3506

73

46

46

36

2415

2451

378

13

14

18

1586

1604

154

61

61

12

867

879

31

22

22

13

706

706

38

16

16

11

1945

1956

148

14

14

15

1480

1495

87

12

825

837

44

11

11

163

169

10

206

201

sf&df*f}+, afUdtL c+=

3

x]^f}*f cf}B]flus If]q

dsjfgk'/, gf/fo)fL c+=

kf^g cf}Bf]lus If]q

nlntk'/, afUdtL c+=

g]kfnuGh cf}Bf]lus If]q

g]kfnuGh, e]/L c+=

w/fg cf}Bf]lus If]q

w/fg, sf]zL c+=

kf]v/f cf}Bf]lus If]q

kf]v/f, u)*sL c+=

a'^jn cf}Bf]lus If]q

a'^jn, n'lDagL c+=

etmk'/ cf}Bf]lus If]q

etmk'/, afUdtL c+=

10

aL/]Gb|gu/ cf}Bf]lus If]q

;'v]{t, e]/L c+=

11

wgs'^f cf}Bf]lus If]q

wgs'^f, sf]zL c+=

12

uh]Gb|gf/fo)f l;+x cf}Bf]lus If]q 11

29

40

13522

13681

/fhla/fh, ;u/dfyf c+=

hDdfM

201

;|f]t M cf}Bf]lus If]q Joj:yfkg lnld^]* .

953

tflnsf (=% -v_ M cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] jt{dfg l:ylt

-cf=j=206970_*
:yfkgf ldlt cf}=If]=sf] s'n ljsf; u/L tof/ pBf]ux?nfO{
If]qnkmn
u/]sf] hdLg
ef8fdf lbPsf]
-/f]kgLdf_
-/f]kgLdf_
hdLg -/f]kgLdf_

cfly{s jif{

l;=g+=

1
2
3

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] gfd

-cf}=If]=_
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
afnfh' cf}Bf]lus If]q
sf&df*f}+, afUdtL c+=
x]^f}*f cf}B]flus If]q
dsjfgk'/, gf/fo)fL c+=
kf^g cf}Bf]lus If]q
nlntk'/, afUdtL c+=
g]kfnuGh cf}Bf]lus If]q
g]kfnuGh, e]/L c+=
w/fg cf}Bf]lus If]q
w/fg, sf]zL c+=
kf]v/f cf}Bf]lus If]q
kf]v/f, u)*sL c+=
a'^jn cf}Bf]lus If]q
a'^jn, n'lDagL c+=
etmk'/ cf}Bf]lus IF]q
etmk'/, afUdtL c+=
aL/]Gb|gu/ cf}Bf]lus If]q
;'v]{t, e]/L c+=
wgs'^f cf}Bf]lus If]q
wgs'^f, sf]zL c+=
uh]Gb|gf/fo)f l;+x cf}Bf]lus If]q
/fhla/fh, ;u/dfyf c+=

hDdfM
* kmfNu'0f d;fGt;Dd

;|f]t M cf}B f]lus If]q Joj:yfkg ln=

cf}=If]=tk{maf6
ePsf] nufgL
-s/f]8df_

lghL pBf]usf] ;+rfngdf cfPsf aGb

lgdf{0flwg
tk{maf6 ePsf]
pBf]uxsf] pBf]uxsf] pBf]uxsf]
nufgL -s/f]8df_
;+Vof
;+Vof
;+Vof

2016

670

670

540

6.22

312

97

26

2020

2829

2506

1904

5.33

502

63

17

14

2020

293

293

220

4.01

170

102

2030

233

233

189

1.75

195.2

30

2029

202

202

134

1.3

30

24

2031

501

501

397

2.82

183

61

10

2032

434

406

348

2.3

270.1

62

2036

71

71

58

2.24

59

35

2038

90

90

66

1.54

1.50

22

2041

63

2044

294

171

4.86

3.5

5680

5143

32.93

1726.30

498

52

72

0.56
17
3,873.00

tflnsf (=% -v_ M cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] jt{dfg l:ylt

l;=g+=

cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] gfd

-cf}=If]=_

s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
afnfh' cf}Bf]lus IF]q
sf&df*f}+, afUdtL c+=
x]^f}*f cf}B]flus If]q
dsjfgk'/, gf/fo)fL c+=

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

-cf=j=206970_*
cf}=If]=sf]
pBf]uxn]
hDdf
pBf]uxsf]
cf}Bf]lus IF]qsf]
pBf]uxnfO{
sfof{no tk{msf] k|bfg u/]sf]
/f]huf/L cfk\mg} 6x/fsf]
tk{maf6 lgdf{0f ef8fdf lbPsf]
/f]huf/L
/]fhuf/L
kfpg] ;+Vof
;+Vof
ePsf] sf/vfgf ejg 6x/fx
36

38
3506

3506

73

46

46

36

2415

2451

378

13

12

kf^g cf}Bf]lus If]q

18
nlntk'/, afUdtL c+=
g]kfnuGh cf}Bf]lus If]q
12
g]kfnuGh, e]/L c+=
w/fg cf}Bf]lus If]q
w/fg, sf]zL c+=
13
kf]v/f cf}Bf]lus If]q
11
kf]v/f, u)*sL c+=
a'^jn cf}Bf]lus If]q
15
a'^jn, n'lDagL c+=
etmk'/ cf}Bf]lus IF]q
12
etmk'/, afUdtL c+=
aL/]Gb|gu/ cf}Bf]lus If]q
6
;'v]{t, e]/L c+=
wgs'^f cf}Bf]lus If]q
wgs'^f, sf]zL c+=
uh]Gb|gf/fo)f l;+x cf}Bf]lus If]11
q
/fhla/fh, ;u/dfyf c+=

1586

1604

154

61

61

867

879

31

22

22

706

706

38

16

16

1945

1956

148

14

14

1480

1495

87

825

837

44

11

11

163

169

29

40

10

13522

13681

206

199

hDdfM
* kmfNu'0f d;fGt;Dd

;|f]t M cf}B f]lus If]q Joj:yfkg ln

31

201

953

tflnsf (=^ M ko{6s ;+Vof j[l4b/ tyf a;fOF cjlw

cfly{s jif{
;+Vof

jif{

xjfO{ dfu{jf6 :yndfu{af6 ko{6ssf] k|lt ko{6ssf] ;/b/ ko{6s ;+Vofsf] jflif{s
ko{6ssf] cfudg cfudg -;+Vofdf_ a;fO cjlw -lbgdf_ a[l4b/ -k|ltztdf_

2059

k';

275466

218660

56808

7.92

-23.70

2060

k';

338132

275428

62704

9.60

22.70

2061

k';

385297

297335

87962

13.51

13.90

2062

k';

375398

277346

98052

9.10

-2.60

2063

k';

383926

283819

100107

10.20

2.30

2064

k';

526705

360713

165992

11.96

37.20

2065

k';

500277

374661

125616

11.78

-5.00

2066

k';

509752

379622

130130

11.60

1.90

2067

k';

602867

448800

156067

12.67

18.21

2068

k';
k';

736215

545221

190994

13.12

22.10

803092

598258

204834

12.87

9.08

2069

gf]6 M :yndfu{af6 cfPsf -sf]bf/L gfsf afx]s_ ef/tLo ko{6sx?sf] cfudg ;+Vof o;df ;dfj]z 5}g .
;|f]t M ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno .

tflnsf (=& M e|d0fsf] p2]Zocg';f/ ko{6s cfudg ;+Vof

e|d0fsf] p2]Zo

jif{
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065

k';
k';
k';
k';
k';
k';
k';

cfly{s jif{

kbofqf /
kj{tf/f]x0f

Jofkf/

cf}krfl/s

tLy{ofqL

110143

59279

16690

17783

12366

40

21.50

6.20

6.50

4.50

97904

65721

19387

21967

29

19.40

5.70

167262

69442

43

;ef;]ldgf/ ofkml6u+ ofqfe|d0f

-

100.00

21395

111758

338132

6.50

6.30

33.10

100.00

13948

17088

45664

18.00

3.60

4.40

11.90

160259

61488

21992

16859

43

16.40

5.90

145802

66931

38

71893

385297

0.00

18.70

100.0

47621

67179

375398

4.50

12.70

0.00

17.80

100.0

21066

18063

59298

17.40

5.50

4.70

15.40

217815

101320

24487

21670

52594

8019

65

78579

22156

526705

41

19.20

4.60

4.10

10.00

1.50

0.00

14.90

4.20

100.0

148180

104822

23039

43044

45091

6938

99391

29529

500277

30

21.00

4.60

8.60

9.00

1.40

0.00

19.90

5.90

100.0

132929

22758

24518

51542

9985

285

186849

40098

509956

2.00

0.10

72766

243

26.10

4.50

4.80

10.10

k';

63082

70218

21377

26374

101335

9627

10

11.65

3.55

4.37

16.81

1.60

0.12

30210

86260

17859

24054

63783

10836

11.72

2.43

3.27

8.66

32874

109198

25055

30925

4.1

13.6

3.2

3.9

b|i6Jo M O6flns 9fFrfdf b]vfOPsf] c+sn] k|ltzt hgfp+5 .

;|f]t M ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno .

383926

19.10

2067

k';

hDdf

21.30

0.00

40992

2069

gv'n]sf]

275468

k';

k';

cGo
58907

2066

2068

cWoog
/f]huf/

100.0

36.60

7.90

100.0

5101

46519

57651

602867

33.30

0.80

7.70

9.56

100.0

2181

395511

5235

29895

70391

736215

1.47

0.30

53.70

0.70

4.10

9.50

100.0

102483

13745

1750

347721

18975

29680

90686

803092

12.8

1.7

0.2

43.3

2.4

3.7

11.3

100.0

730

200856

tflnsf (=* M k|d'v d'n'sut ko{6s cfudg ;+Vof

d'n's

ci6]lnof

2059

kf}i f

cfly{s jif{

2061

kf}i f

2062

kf}i f

2063

kf}i f

2064

kf}i f

2065

kf}i f

2066

kf}i f

2067

kf}i f

2068

kf}i f

2069

kf}i f

7159

7916

9671

7093

8231

12369

13846

15461

16243

19949

22272

(2.6)

(2.3)

(2.5)

(1.9)

(2.1)

(2.3)

(2.8)

(3.0)

(2.7)

(2.7)

(2.8)

cli6o f

3140

3025

4341

3007

3474

4473

3540

3245

3389

3885

3706

(1.1)

(0.9)

(1.1)

(0.8)

(0.9)

(0.8)

(0.7)

(0.6)

(0.6)

(0.5)

(0.5)

Sofgf8f

3747

4154

4825

4168

4733

7399

8132

8965

9322

10705

12885

(1.4)

(1.2)

(1.3)

(1.1)

(1.2)

(1.4)

(1.6)

(1.8)

(1.5)

(1.5)

(1.6)

8715

7562

13326

22377

17538

28618

35166

32272

46360

61917

71380

(3.2)

(2.2)

(3.5)

(6.0)

(4.6)

(5.4)

(7.0)

(6.3)

(7.7)

(8.4)

(8.9)

8]g dfs{

2040

2178

2633

1770

1956

3157

3847

4464

4359

5955

6852

(0.7)

(0.6)

(0.7)

(0.5)

(0.5)

(0.6)

(0.8)

(0.9)

(0.7)

(0.8)

(0.9)

k|mfG;

13376

15865

18938

14108

14835

20250

22402

22154

24550

26131

27684

(4.9)

(4.7)

(4.9)

(3.8)

(3.9)

(3.8)

(4.5)

(4.3)

(4.1)

(3.5)

(3.4)

hd{g

15774

14866

16025

14345

14361

21323

18552

19246

22583

26866

29682

(5.7)

(4.4)

(4.2)

(3.8)

(3.7)

(4.0)

(3.7)

(3.8)

(3.7)

(3.6)

(3.7)

ef/t

66777

86363

90326

95685

93722

96010

91177

93884

120898

147037

165139

(24.2)

(25.5)

(23.4)

(25.5)

(24.4)

(18.2)

(18.2)

(18.4)

(20.1)

(20.0)

(20.6)

8057

8243

12376

8785

7736

11243

7914

7982

10226

12257

14191

(2.9)

(2.4)

(3.2)

(2.3)

(2.0)

(2.1)

(1.6)

(1.6)

(1.7)

(1.7)

(1.8)

23223

27412

24231

18239

22242

27058

23383

22445

23332

25856

27993

rLg

O6fnL
hfkfg

(8.4)

(8.1)

(6.3)

(4.9)

(5.8)

(5.1)

(4.7)

(4.4)

(3.9)

(3.5)

(3.5)

8306

8443

11160

8947

7207

10589

10900

11147

13471

16343

14727

(3.0)

(2.5)

(2.9)

(2.4)

(1.9)

(2.0)

(2.2)

(2.2)

(2.2)

(2.2)

(1.8)

5267

8265

11767

8891

10377

15672

13851

13006

13712

15593

14490

(1.9)

(2.4)

(3.1)

(2.4)

(2.7)

(3.0)

(2.8)

(2.6)

(2.3)

(2.1)

(1.8)

:jLh/Nof8

3352

3246

3788

3163

3559

5238

5186

5281

5320

11772

7495

(1.2)

(1.0)

(1.0)

(0.8)

(0.9)

(1.0)

(1.0)

(1.0)

(0.9)

(1.6)

(0.9)

>Ln+s f

9805

13930

16124

18770

27413

49947

37817

36362

45531

59785

62420

(3.6)

(4.1)

(4.2)

(5.0)

(7.1)

(9.5)

(7.6)

(7.1)

(7.6)

(8.1)

(7.8)

17518

18838

20680

18539

19833

29783

30076

32043

36425

41971

47912

(6.4)

(5.6)

(5.4)

(4.9)

(5.2)

(5.7)

(6.0)

(6.3)

(6.0)

(5.7)

(6.0)

21007

22101

24667

25151

22708

32367

33658

35382

35091

36981

40364

(7.6)

(6.5)

(6.4)

(6.7)

(5.9)

(6.1)

(6.7)

(6.9)

(5.8)

(5.0)

(5.0)

66920

93287

113745

124737

120732

176312

171989

172846

214950

270639

214637

(24.3)

(27.6)

(29.5)

(33.2)

(31.4)

(33.5)

(34.4)

(33.9)

(35.7)

(36.8)

(26.7)

4005

3515

4007

6043

3465

4490

19263

(0.0)

(0.0)

(0.0)

(0.0)

(1.0)

(0.7)

(0.8)

(1.2)

(0.6)

(0.6)

(2.4)

275468

338132

385297

375398

383926

526705

500277

509956

602867

736215

803092

(100)

(100)

(100)

(100)

(101)

(100)

(100)

(100)

(100)

(100)

(100)

g]b /Nof8
:k]g

cd]l/sf
a]nfot
cGo
gv'n]s f
hDdf

gf]6M sf]i7df ePsf] c+sn] k|ltzt hgfpF5 .

;|f]t M ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno .

tflnsf (=( M ko{6g If]qaf6 cflh{t ljb]zL d'b|f

cfly{s jif{

ko{6g If]qaf6
cfly{s jif{
s'n j:t' lgof{t tyf
cflh{t s'n
s'n ufx{:Yo
cfh{g ePsf] ljb]zL k|fKt ljb]zL d'b|f cfh{gsf] ;]jfaf6 k|fKt ljb]zL d'b|f
ljb]zL d'b|fsf]
pTkfbgsf]
ljb]zL d'b|f -?= s/f]8df_ cg'kftdf -k|ltzt_ cfh{gsf] cg'kftdf -k|ltzt_ cg'kftdf -k|ltzt_ cg'kftdf -k|ltzt_

2058/59

865.43

14.9

10.6

6.1

1.9

2059/60

1174.77

23.1

15.2

8.2

2.4

2060/61

1814.74

32.9

20.3

11.4

3.4

2061/62

1046.40

17.5

12.2

6.1

1.8

2062/63

955.60

15.5

10.9

4.6

1.5

2063/64

1012.50

16.1

10.7

4.5

1.4

2064/65

1865.30

30.1

17.9

6.7

2.3

2065/66

2796.00

40.0

22.8

6.5

2.9

2066/67

2813.90

44.5

24.6

8.1

2.4

2067/68

2461.10

35.8

20.2

9.0

1.6

2068/69

3070.40

37.7

20.0

4.7

1.8

2069/70*

2145.40

38.2

18.4

4.8

* k|yd cf7 dlxgf .

;|f]t M g]kfn /fi6 a}+s .

tflnsf (=!) M xf]6n / xf]6n z}of ;+Vof

jif{
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069

k';
k';
k';
k';
k';
k';
k';
k';
k';
k';
k';

;|f]t M ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno

tf/]:t/sf

tf/]b]lv afx]ssf
xf]6n
z}of ;+Vof

xf]6n

z}of ;+Vof

104

10289

839

108

10535

110

hDdf
xf]6n ;+Vof

z}of ;+Vof

27327

943

37616

858

27735

966

38270

10715

886

28392

996

39107

110

10715

896

28669

1006

39384

105

9763

502

14497

607

24260

105

9763

512

14897

617

24660

96

9320

573

16743

669

26063

97

9369

647

19124

744

28493

103

9125

686

20217

789

29342

106

9323

721

21457

827

30780

107

9371

746

22286

853

31657

tflnsf (=!! M kj{tf/f]x0f bn / ;+Vof

jif{

dlxgf

cfly{s jif{ kj{tf/f]xLsf] ;fdlos

;/sf/nfO{
kj{tf/f]xLx?
;+Vof
;+Vof
/f]huf/L k|fKt /f]oN6L /sd af6 ePsf] vr{
-?= xhf/df_
-?= xhf/df_

2058

kf}if

134

913

9928

1281.85

6000.00

@)%(
@)^)
@)^!
@)^@
@)^#
@)^$
@)^%
@)^^
@)^&
@)^*
@)^(

kf}if
kf}if
kf}if
kf}if
kf}if
kf}if
kf}if
kf}if
kf}if
kf}if
kf}if

152

1080

14838

1813.60

6300.00

140

1042

9362

1270.72

4944.94

128

940

636

1562.40

4001.37

133

986

4344

1456.12

4239.85

162

1128

4843

1698.30

9666.37

202

8080

2394.26

162

1009

987

354.26

236

1519

2598

284123.00

269

1942

2202

216560.00

259

1951

2616

232532.00

300

2566

1938

345161.00

gf]6 M @)%*%( kf}ifb]lv Ct' cg';f/ k/ld6 lbg vf/]h ul/Psf] .

;|f]t M ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfno .

tflnsf (=!@ M xf]d:6], xf]6n Joj:yfkg tyf ko{6g ;DaGwL tfnLd

@( aif{*

059/60

060/61

061/62

062/63

063/64

064/65

065/66

066/67

067/68

068/69

069/70**

s"n hDdf

40

28

68

100

34

36

37

72

77

78

80

80

80

120

121

915

22

27

23

24

30

79

80

81

80

80

526

4 vfgf ;fdfg tof/ / lgoGq0f

928

89

44

73

66

163

80

144

101

67

37

1792

5 vfBfGgsf k]o ;]jf

1315

32

19

60

27

32

34

60

21

24

10

1634

6 xfp; lslk+

982

44

99

18

23

29

25

21

17

21

1279

7 k|mG6 clkm;

1128

31

35

18

25

32

24

18

27

1338

8 a]s/LO{l08og :jL6\;

82

82

9 xf]6n d]lG6g]G; tfnLd

243

243

42

42

1792

69

66

74

54

72

80

136

205

181

2729

223

62

30

68

113

35

531

33

33

14 6fen Ph]G;L P08 l6s]l6

703

72

775

15 kbofqLsf] nflu s"s / j]6/

462

462

16 kbofqL ky k|bz{s

3009

297

405

592

332

362

420

512

673

953

698

8253

30

964

994

264

51

68

77

72

532

1030

21

217

229

229

376

411

281

252

286

315

34

3681

4407

149

467

231

98

59

317

144

249

129

6250

21 xf]d :6] Dofg]hd]G6 tfnLd

108

142

377

627

22 OG6/g]zgn k|m]6 km/jf8L{u sfuf]{

93

93

23 6'l/i6 ufO{8 l/k]|m;/ sf]if{

76

126

202

358

358

26

58

84

17300

786

1468

1376

942

1321

1507

1575

2007

2216

1700

1325

33523

qm=;=

ljj/0f

1 df:6/ ckm xl:k6fln6L Dofg]hd]G6

2 Jofrn/ Og xf]6n Dofg]Hd]G6
3 Jofrn/ Og 6fen P08 6'l/hd

10 xf]6nsf] lx;fa lstfa /fVg]

11 ko{6s ky k|bz{s
12 ljleGg If]qsf] nf]sn ufO{8
13 Psf]df]8]zg ck/];g

17 kb ofqf tyf e|d0f gfO{s]

18 hn ofqf ky k|bz{s

ko{6g ;DaGwL ;]jfsfnLg

19 ;]ldgf/ pRr:t/hg;Dks{

tyf xl:k6fln6L tfnLd

20 :ynut 3'DtL tfnLd

24 :sLn 6]i6 k|f]u|fd

25 Pu|L 6'l/hd

hDdf
gf]6 M

cf=j=)@(#) b]lv )%*%( ;Ddsf] hDdf .

2 ** rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf] k|ult .
;|f]t M g]kfn ko{6g tyf xf]6n Joj:yfkg k|lti7fg .
1 *

rf6{ ( -s_ ko{6g If]qaf6 cflh{t ljb]zL d'b|f

50.0
45.0
40.0

k|ltztdf

35.0
30.0
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0

cfo jif{
j:t' lgof{taf6

j:t' tyf ;]jf lgof{t

s'n ljb]zL d'b|f

s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg

tflnsf (=( M ko{6g If]qaf6 cflh{t ljb]zL d'b|f

j:t' lgof{taf6

j:t' tyf ;]jf lgof{t

s'n ljb]zL d'b|f s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg

2058/59

14.9

10.6

6.1

1.9

2059/60

23.1

15.2

8.2

2.4

2060/61

32.9

20.3

11.4

3.4

2061/62

17.5

12.2

6.1

1.8

2062/63

15.5

10.9

4.6

1.5

2063/64

16.1

10.7

4.5

1.4

2064/65

30.1

17.9

6.7

2.3

2065/66

40.0

22.8

6.5

2.9

2066/67

44.5

24.6

8.1

2.4

2067/68

35.8

20.2

9.0

1.6

2068/69

37.7

20.0

4.7

1.8

2069/70*

38.2

18.4

4.8

tflnsf !)=! M pmhf{ vktsf] l:ylt

xhf/ 6g t]n zlQm a/fa/sf]

pmhf{ >f]t

2059/60 2060/61

k/Dk/futM
bfp/f
s[lifhGo cjz]if
uf]a/, u'+O7f
Jofkfl/sM
sf]Onf
k]6f]lnod kbfy{
ljB't
gjLs/0fLo
hDdf

2061/62

2062/63 2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

7240

7397

7556

7698

7854

8015

8185

8342

8500

8711

5680

6451

6591

6732

6862

6999

7149

7301

7467

7606

7767

5074

312

319

327

329

337

337

344

324

331

369

231

477

487

497

507

518

529

540

551

563

575

375

1015

1059

1014

1093

1031

1038

1139

1464

1580

1436

866

134

171

152

243

144

193

182

286

293

348

196

753

747

705

686

709

655

775

965

1058

1088

670

128

141

157

164

178

190

182

213

229

39

45

46

53

59

59

64

70

75

82

51

8294

8501

8616

8844

8944

9112

9388

9876

10155

10229

6597

* cf7 dlxgfsf] cg'dflgt,

b|i 6Jo M
!= pmhf{ vktsf] l:yltnfO{ sf]Onf zlQmsf] ;6\6fdf t]n zlQm a/fa/sf] OsfO{df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . o;f] ubf{ ! 6g t]n zlQm a/fa/ !=$%$@** 6g sf]Onf zlQm dflgPsf] 5 .
@= ljutdf pmhf{ tYof k]z ubf{ gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ ;|f]tx?sf] lj:t[t ljj/0fx? pNn]v gul/Psf]df xfn ;f] ;DjGwL tYofsf] ljj/0f ;+nUg ul/Psf] .
#= pmhf{ tYof cBfjlws ug]{ qmddf ljleGg cWoogx?n] b]vfP cg';f/ gofF cg'dfgx? ;dfj]z u/L pmhf{ tYof tof/ ul/g] ePsf]n] k'/fgf] tYof;+u s]xL km/s kg{ ;S5 .
;|f]t M hn tyf zlQm cfof]usf] ;lrjfno

tflnsf !)=@ M ljB't pTkfbg tyf vktsf] l:ylt

bz nfv lsnf] jf6 306fdf
pTkfbg tyf
vkt ufx{:y
cfly{s jif{
2059/60
2060/61
2061/62
2062/63
2063/64
2064/65
2065/66
2066/67
2067/68
2068/69
2069/70*

617.10
676.40
758.20
805.70
893.30
931.35
908.67
1109.29
1143.18
1311.07
1414.10

* df3 d;fGt;Ddsf] cg'dflgt

;|f]t M g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f

cf}Bf]l us Jofkfl/s
629.50
689.80
764.00
785.60
849.10
901.09
845.68
1008.37
1012.87
1192.06
1186.16

92.70
108.10
109.30
120.30
141.70
154.40
146.29
193.12
204.92
227.06
254.17

lgof{t

cGo

192.20
141.20
110.70
96.60
76.90
60.38
46.38
74.48
31.10
50.00
15.00

170.10
196.70
222.20
224.40
292.10
263.40
257.57
292.57
294.92
384.50
352.47

hDdf

ljB't
x|f;

pRrtd
pTkfbg /
ef/ cfoft
d]=jf=_

1701.60 559.50 2261.13 470.00

1812.20 569.30 2381.50 515.20
1964.40 678.40 2642.80 557.50
2032.60 748.30 2780.90 603.28
2253.10 798.70 3051.80 648.40
2310.62 875.63 3185.95 721.73
2204.59 926.20 3130.79 812.50
2677.83 1011.44 3689.27 885.28
2686.99 1071.38 3758.37 946.10
3164.69 953.71 4119.03 947.00
3221.90 1085.07 4340.30 1108.00

cfbfg k|bfg ;Demf}tf

cGtu{t
cfoft
lgof{t

149.90
185.60
241.40
266.22
328.80
425.22
356.46
612.58
694.05
800.00
862.00

192.20
141.20
110.70
96.60
76.90
60.10
46.38
74.48
31.11
50.00
15.00

tflnsf !)=# M k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] vkt ljj/0f

lsnf] ln6/df

cfly{s jif{

2059/60 2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

cf7 dlxgf

2068/69

2068/69

ljj/0f
k]6f]n
l8h]n
dl6[t]n
nfO6 l8h]n cfon (LDO)
kmg]{; cfon (FO)
xjfO{ OGwg (ATF)
Pn=kL=Uo+f; -d]=6gdf_
ldg]/n 6/k]G6fOg cfon (MTO)
cGo
hDdf

d"No -?= s/f]8df_

j:t'ut lgof{tsf] t'ngfdf
k]6f]lnod kbfy{sf] cfoft
-k|ltztdf_
# ckl/is[t
;|f]t M g]kfn cfon lgud

2069/70#

67457

67586

75989

80989

101911

100842

124169

162274

187640

199748

130441

141332

299973

299730

315368

294329

306687

302706

466468

612505

655127

648513

411878

443800

348683

310826

239328

226637

197849

155215

70089

55788

49494

41808

28591

17370

610

577

100

290

14502

12653

2639

3695

4557

435

52839

64041

66825

64335

63777

68938

68965

82631

101314

109808

74966

78038

56079

66142

77594

81005

93562

96837

115813

141171

159286

181446

113693

133271

840,143

821,555

777,843

751,280

768,343

724,538

845,504 1,054,369

1,152,861

1,181,758

759,569

8,13,811

1933.00

2260.00

2685.00

3244.96

38.71

41.92

45.74

53.87

tflnsf !!=! M ;8s ;'ljwfsf] lj:tf/

lsnf]ld6/df
cfly{s jif{
2059/60

ljj/0f

sfnf]kq]
v08fl:dt
sRrL ;8s
hDdf
*

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63 2063/64 2064/65 2065/66 2066/67 2067/68

2068/69 2069/70*

4,811

4,871

4,911

5,048

5,402

5,845

6,094

6,669

9,902

10,192

10320

4,595

4,697

4,707

4,727

4,529

4,711

4,772

5,007

5,670

5,787

5828

7,541

7,614

7,661

7,658

7,851

8,591

8,892

9,417

7,637

8,410

8435

16,947

17,182

17,279

17,433

17,782

19,147

19,758

21,093

23,209

24,389

24,583

k|yd cf7 dlxgf;Ddsf]

;|f]t M ;8s ljefu

tflnsf !!=@ M yk ;jf/L ;fwg ;+Vof

cfly{ jif{

ljj/0f

2059/60

a;ldgL a;
6s6of/
hLksf/

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63 2063/64 2064/65 2065/66 2066/67

2067/68

2068/69 2069/70*

730

969

1038

2190

1459

1231

2436

4938

2980

3255

2973

1212

1477

1592

2263

1730

2104

3643

5524

9169

1333

2234

2906

7079

4781

5114

3015

3127

6857

13268

8510

8711

6279

* k|yd cf7 dlxgfsf]

;|f]t M oftfoft Joj:yf ljefu

tflnsf !!=# M oftfoft ;'ljwfsf] lj:tf/ tyf ;fdfg 9'jfgL kl/df0f

oftfoftsf] lsl;d
1

s_
v_
u_
3_
@_

PsfO

xjfO{ dfu{ +
xhf/df
cfGtl/s ofq'
xhf/df
afXo ofq'
d]=6=df
cfGtl/s ;fdfg 9'jfgL
afXo ;fdfg 9'jfgL d]=6=df
k|fKt ;8s ;'l jwf ls=ld=

cfly{s jif{
2059/60

2062/63

2063/64 2064/65 2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69 2069/70*

1209

1434

2286

2299

9328

874

1377

1554

1583

1575

1134

888

1128

1122

1328

1718

1547

2027

2436

2700

2925

2245

5067

548

227

17536

4011

3570

4384

3693

4399

3415

2505

14311

1510

620

12300

13565

14059

1533

14022

13483

13977

7000

16018

16042

17279

17433

19147

17982

19758

21455

23454

24389

24583

+ xjfO{ dfu{sf] xsdf cfly{s jif{ @)%(^) b]lvsf] tYof+s h'nfOb]lv h'g ;Ddsf] /x]sf]
;|f]t M ;8s ljefu / g]kfn gful/s p8\8og k|flws/0f

2060/61 2061/62

tflnsf !!=$ M 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf lj:tf/

qm=;+=

zLif{s

s= gu/ If]q ;+Vof

v= 6]lnkmf]g nfO{g lat/0f ;+Vof
3=

l8lh6n :jrflnt
s_ gu/ If]q ;+Vof
v_ 6]lnkmf]g nfOg lat/0f ;+Vof

* k|yd cf7 dlxgf # ;+;f]lwt

;|f]t M g]kfn b"/;+rf/ sDkgL ln=

cfly{s jif{
2059
58
327673
58
327673

2060
58

2061

2062

2063

2064

58

58

58

58

371816 408417

433631

485997

528390

58

58

58

58

371816 408417

433631

485997

528390

58

2065
58

2066

2067#

2068

2069*

58

58

58

58

528390 812139

608979

633258

635941

58

58

58

58

528390 812139

608979

633258

635941

58

tflnsf !#=! M k|fylds, lgDg dfWolds / dfWolds ljBfno tyf ljBfyL{x?sf] ;+Vof
ljBfyL{ ;+Vof xhf/df

jif{
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069*

cflZjg
z}lIfs ;q
z}lIfs ;q
z}lIfs ;q
z}lIfs ;q
z}lIfs ;q
z}lIfs ;q
z}lIfs ;q
z}lIfs ;q
z}lIfs ;q

* Flash 1 tYof @)^(

;|f]t M lzIff dGqfno

k|fylds
ljBfno
ljBfyL{

lgDg dfWolds
ljBfno
ljBfyL{

dfWolds
ljBfno
ljBfyL{

27268

4025

8249

1210

4741

511

24746

4030

7436

1445

4547

588

27525

4502

8471

1375

5039

587

27901

4515

8880

1301

5329

679

29220

4419

9739

1444

5894

671

30924

4782

10636

1467

6516

715

31655

4901

11341

1604

6928

790

32684

4952

11939

1700

7559

812

33881

4783

13791

1813

8233

849

34298

4577

14447

1823

8416

878

tflnsf !#=@ M k|fylds, lgDg dfWolds / dfWolds lzIfs ;+Vof

k|fylds

jif{

hDdf

lgDg dfWolds
hDdf

tfnLd k|fKt

dfWolds
hDdf

s'n hDdf

tfnLd k|fKt

hDdf

tfnLd
k|fKt

19535

29895

7979

23297

9286

165552

101483

30967

25962

7818

20232

9727

147677

48512

91679

34857

22817

7813

16130

9635

130626

52305

95503

57191

26716

12398

19386

12909

141605

82498

116846

77630

27903

14606

20674

14478

165423

106714

143574

96298

37068

20035

26925

19202

207567

135535

153536

113096

40259

23021

29109

23193

222904

159310

167212

134991

46032

29265

33835

28780

247083

193036

2068 z}l Ifs ;q

173714

160788

48848

37745

35675

30737

258237

229470

2069* z}l Ifs ;q

178534

166765

50389

40013

51131

32286 280054

239064

@)^) cflZjg
@)^! z}lIfs ;q
@)^@ z}lIfs ;q
@)^# z}lIfs ;q
@)^$ z}lIfs ;q
@)^% z}lIfs ;q
@)^^ z}lIfs ;q
@)^& z}lIfs ;q

112360

tfnLd
k|fKt

* Flash 1 tYof @)^(,

;|f]t M lzIff dGqfno

36800

tflnsf !#=# -s_ M ;/sf/L tyf lghL:t/df ;~rflnt ljBfno, ljBfyL{ tyf lzIfsxsf] ljsf; If]q cg'; f/ k|fylds -!%_ txsf] ;+Vof
ljsf; If]q cg';f/
ljBfno k|sf/

cf=j= @)^%

cf=j= @)^^

cf=j= @)^&

cf=j= @)^*

cf=j= @)^(

ljBfno

ljBfyL{

lzIfs

ljBfno

ljBfyL{

lzIfs

ljBfno

ljBfyL{

lzIfs

ljBfno

ljBfyL{

lzIfs

ljBfno

ljBfyL{

lzIfs

g]k fn

30924

4782313

143574

31655

4900663

153536

32684

4951956

167216

33881

4782885

173714

34298

4576693

178534

s"n ;/sf/L :t/

23554

3967498

98969

22951

3831688

102350

23165

3818625

102350

24067

3580398

102350

24434

3409998

101950

s"n ;fd'bflos :t/

3367

321019

9484

4067

424322

14121

4683

544818

24201

4831

531281

29321

4672

475451

30429

s"n lghL:t/

4003

493796

35121

4637

644653

37065

4836

588513

40665

4983

671206

42043

5192

691244

46155

k"j f{~ rn If]q

6622

1038563

29026

6622

1058402

30357

7056

1006260

35002

7291

996777

36162

7361

892194

36966

s= ;/sf/L :t/

5273

903134

22939

5148

891909

23627

5225

849458

23627

5461

807374

23627

5466

698036

23627

v= ;fd'bflos :t/

609

54466

1188

682

63397

1619

908

81188

4683

872

83173

5575

875

71702

5176

u= lghL:t/

740

80963

4899

792

103096

5111

923

75614

6692

958

106230

6960

1020

122456

8163

dWodf~rn

9184

1527760

46688

9333

1578824

48319

9478

1656876

51860

10027

1641005

53081

10077

1614518

53831

s= ;/sf/L :t/

6605

1224730

28028

6123

1164102

29369

6149

1205534

29369

6483

1164204

29369

6664

1164470

29369

v= ;fd'bflos :t/

799

77520

3011

1124

120326

3271

1234

185032

6148

1429

182646

7286

1292

156833

7253

u= lghL:t/

1780

225510

15649

2086

294396

15679

2095

266310

16343

2115

294155

16426

2121

293215

17209

klZrdf~rn

7102

911095

33632

7275

929717

37844

7366

909792

39685

7530

844166

42354

7550

803705

45090

s= ;/sf/L :t/

5740

754083

23851

5738

724598

23896

5773

702119

23896

5895

628316

23896

5867

582987

23496

v= ;fd'bflos :t/

468

34441

1835

510

44388

4756

521

45389

5514

504

35210

7270

530

36837

7358

u= lghL:t/

894

122571

7946

1027

160731

9192

1072

162284

10275

1131

180640

11188

1153

183881

14236

dWoklZrdf~rn

4605

764371

18549

4912

805289

20352

5067

804301

22217

5252

778559

23137

5350

750396

23667

s= ;/sf/L :t/

3519

649830

14148

3544

641473

14923

3556

625132

14923

3681

587728

14923

3775

570899

14923

v= ;fd'bflos :t/

806

77866

1416

945

103918

2044

1086

124777

3638

1129

127934

4463

1108

116371

5228

u= lghL:t/

280

36675

2985

423

59898

3385

425

54392

3656

442

62897

3751

467

63126

3516

;'b'/klZrdf~rn

3411

540524

15679

3513

528431

16664

3717

574727

18452

3781

522378

18980

3960

515880

18980

s= ;/sf/L :t/
v= ;fd'bflos :t/
u= lghL:t/
;|]t M lzIf dGqfno

2417

435721

10003

2398

409606

10535

2462

436382

10535

2547

392776

10535

2662

393606

10535

685

76726

2034

806

92293

2431

934

108432

4218

897

102318

4727

867

93708

5414

309

28077

3642

309

26532

3698

321

29913

3699

337

27284

3718

431

28566

3031

tflnsfM !#=# -v_ ;/sf/L tyf lghL:t/df ;~rflnt ljBfno, ljBfyL{ tyf lzIfsxsf] ljsf; If]q cg'; f/ lgDgdfWolds -^*_ txsf] ;+Vof
ljsf; If]q cg'; f/
ljBfno k|s f/

cf=j= @)^#

cf=j= @)^^

cf=j= @)^&

cf=j= @)^*

cf=j= @)^(

ljBfno

ljBfyL{

lzIfs

ljBfno

ljBfyL{

lzIfs

ljBfno

ljBfyL{

lzIfs

ljBfno

ljBfyL{

lzIfs

ljBfno

ljBfyL{

lzIfs

8880

1301134

24891

11341

1604422

40259

11939

1699927

46032

13791

1812680

48848

14447

1823192

50389

s"n ;/sf/L :t/

4833

951587

16204

5171

1030826

23751

5357

1115473

25772

6442

1176230

25772

6797

1158238

25772

s"n ;fd'bflos :t/

1857

183450

3278

335522

4335

3504

353660

6666

4032

370417

8628

4053

378929

9496

s"n lghL:t/

2190

166097

8687

2892

238074

12173

3078

230794

13594

3317

266033

14448

3597

286025

15121

k"j f{~ rn If]q

1898

312491

4960

2196

358404

7527

2418

377925

9068

2855

401604

9694

2974

384071

10000

s= ;/sf/L :t/

1187

249031

4107

1143

257338

5747

1202

276163

6138

1463

286826

6138

1495

261430

6138

v= ;fd'bflos :t/

351

35945

658

68849

587

732

75024

1317

851

79000

1706

877

79790

1818

u= lghL:t/

360

27515

853

395

32217

1193

484

26738

1613

541

35778

1850

602

42851

2044

dWodf~rn

3009

381764

9459

3802

502241

15386

3868

522246

16953

4367

561119

17537

4575

573388

17768

s= ;/sf/L :t/

1344

254339

4597

1533

298646

6341

1549

318281

7360

1839

339247

7360

1965

341973

7360

v= ;fd'bflos :t/

515

45932

774

78654

1599

785

82345

1658

926

87286

2063

915

89032

2215

u= lghL:t/

1150

81493

4862

1495

124941

7446

1534

121620

7935

1602

134586

8114

1695

142383

8193

klZrdf~rn

2080

317132

6001

2488

344647

9361

2561

354545

10422

3010

361384

11530

3109

365599

12004

s= ;/sf/L :t/

1176

228653

4098

1269

228861

5729

1275

235270

6066

1554

228135

6066

1567

224610

6066

v= ;fd'bflos :t/

431

45902

599

58363

987

603

59581

1445

679

62560

2006

718

63311

2054

u= lghL:t/

473

42577

1903

620

57423

2645

683

59694

2911

777

70689

3458

824

77678

3884

1008

168256

2575

1556

241355

4414

1662

263734

5149

1946

296581

5348

2045

297328

5695

s= ;/sf/L :t/

640

136610

1963

637

150550

3141

668

172035

3415

842

200420

3415

943

200170

3415

v= ;fd'bflos :t/

257

24271

680

74887

640

761

75976

900

870

79015

1201

851

82176

1525

u= lghL:t/

111

7375

612

239

15918

633

233

15723

834

234

17146

732

251

14982

755

;'b'/klZrdf~rn

885

121491

1896

1299

157775

3571

1430

181477

4440

1613

191992

4739

1744

202806

4922

s= ;/sf/L :t/

486

82954

1439

589

95431

2793

663

113724

2793

744

121602

2793

827

130055

2793

v= ;fd'bflos :t/
u= lghL:t/

303

31400

567

54769

522

623

60734

1346

706

62556

1652

692

64620

1884

96

7137

457

143

7575

256

144

7019

301

163

7834

294

225

8131

245

g]k fn

dWoklZrdf~rn

tflnsfM !#=# -u_ ;/sf/L tyf lghL:t/df ;~rflnt ljBfno, ljBfyL{ tyf lzIfsxsf] ljsf; If]q cg'; f/ dfWolds -(!)_ txsf] ;+Vof
ljsf; If]q cg';f/
ljBfno k|sf/

cf=j= @)^%

cf=j= @)^^

cf=j= @)^&

cf=j= @)^*

cf=j= @)^(

ljBfno

ljBfyL{

lzIfs

ljBfno

ljBfyL{

lzIfs

ljBfno

ljBfyL{

lzIfs

ljBfno

ljBfyL{

lzIfs

ljBfno

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11637

11637

12681

11756

12550

394

394

394

407

394

394

360

360

360

360

360

360

7491

7491

7491

8013

8013

8563

3190

3190

3190

3190

3190

3190

3985

3985

3985

3985

2985

2985

63326

63326

63326

52560

63326

63326

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ljj/0f

OsfO{
s_ vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefuaf6 yk ul/Psf]
u|f dL0f If]q
s_ gofF cfof]hgfaf6 yk
nfeflGjt hg;+Vof
xhf/df
v_ ;'wf/ la:tf/af6 yk
nfeflGjt hg;+Vof
xhf/df
u_ s'n pknJw kfgL
xhf/ ln6/ k|ltlbg
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s_ nfeflGjt hg;+Vof
xhf/df
v_ pknJw kfgL
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u_ cfw'lgs 9n lgsf; ;'ljwf
ls=ld=

cfly{s jif{
2059/60 2060/61

2061/62 2062/63 2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67 2067/68

2068/69

123.4

190

124

160

500

224

265

315

162

335

67

82

54

ck|fKt

42

5552

8550

5580

7200

22500

19545

15615

16605

7290

20050

10

100

260

191

16

83

1000

8000

28600

21120

1040

ck|fKt
ck|fKt

16000

18.1

7.5

16

33

20

45

25

25

110

14

28

56

83

2.96

ck|fKt

ck|fKt

;|f]tM ;x/L ljsf; dGqfno, vfg]kfgL tyf 9n lgsf; ljefu / g]kfn vfg]kfgL ;+:yfg

tflnsf !$=! M ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgxsf] ljQLo sfo{s'zntf

? s/f]8df
;+: yfgsf]
lsl;d
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Jofkfl/s
;]jf
;fdflhs
hgf]kof]uL
ljQLo
hDdf

ljleGg cfly{s jif{xdf ;~rfng d'g fkmf

2058/59

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

-54.35

2068/69

2069/70*

-35.35

-40.04

-11.71

-15.75

-34.02

-18.01

-59.97

-78.43

-49.94

-100.47

20.43

-52.28

-208.09

-195.88

-264.10

-418.71

-190.17

-586.72

303.31

-26.96

-547.77 -1005.14

-176.30

-27.27

20.08

-25.93

74.04

-5.70

49.95

38.82

195.80

234.81

81.30

227.48

222.20

-1.81

0.44

-14.12

4.33

4.79

-4.80

-17.45

-29.25

-12.41

-19.76

-4.27

6.77

209.02

266.21

573.31

234.42

397.91

688.78

788.65

503.24

707.28

539.84

-14.53

612.19

-639.84

-200.04

-578.08

180.09

224.60

364.49

58.92

105.66

145.46

241.90

297.25

518.17

-547.53

-161.44

-252.41

213.03

168.87

890.24

222.25

1000.33

998.24

241.16

-599.68

1203.46

? s/f]8df
;+: yfgsf]
lsl;d
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Jofkfl/s
;]jf #
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ljleGg cfly{s jif{xdf v'b k'FhL nufgL

2058/59

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2066/67

2067/68

2068/69

2069/70*

403.56

316.36

344.89

395.14

545.88

-38.70

351.31

238.84

200.90

495.54

257.85

273.85

248.24

410.69

313.71

53.10

-371.84

-353.29

-105.91

546.98

-152.98

-449.58

-1279.75

706.47

-52.27

-136.47

994.99

1079.21

1036.15

1112.14

1188.94

1173.35

2059.67

2086.28

2335.60

66.05

120.61

174.25

195.72

197.34

176.19

185.17

170.60

159.05

137.70

109.31

95.53

60.29

8491.54

8821.09

9445.09

9747.37

10515.23 10452.40

10980.59

12153.94

13370.59

15016.01 15846.76 17125.97

5797.14

137.28

-1604.00

6195.22

6944.81

4941.74

6312.50

7993.04

7754.87

9544.69

15252.36

11461.16

15008.82

9723.20

9690.40

17667.38

18846.42

16299.46

18898.03

22265.20

23370.75

26802.25

32508.35

29693.79

k|ltztdf
;+: yfgsf]
lsl;d
2058/59
cf}Bf]lus
-8.76
Jofkfl/s
-21.06
;]jf
52.17
;fdflhs
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hgf]kof]uL
2.46
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ljleGg cfly{s jif{xdf v'b k'FhL nufgLdf ;~rfng d'g fkmf

2059/60

2060/61

2061/62

2062/63

2063/64

2064/65

2065/66

2067/68

2068/69 2069/70*

-12.66

-3.40

-3.99

-6.23

-17.07

-32.84

-24.86

-10.97

-38.96

7.46

-50.67

-62.44

-497.39

112.61

55.45

17.62

121.84

78.54

-24.96

-14.71

-2.61

6.86

-0.55

4.49

3.27

16.69

11.40

3.90

9.74

336.41

0.25

-7.22

2.19

2.72

-2.59

-10.23

-18.39

-9.01

-18.08

-4.47

11.23

3.02

6.07

2.40

3.78

6.59

7.18

4.14

5.29

3.60

-0.09

3.57

-145.72

2.91

3.23

7.38

0.93

1.32

1.88

2.53

1.95

4.52

-1.66

-2.61

1.21

0.90

5.46

1.18

4.49

4.27

0.90

-1.84

4.05

# g]kfn gful/s p8\8og k|flws/0f sf] cfly{s jif{ @)^%.^^ sf] ;+zf]lwt cg'dfg pknJw x'g g;s]sf]n] ;]jf If]qsf] /sd km/s k/]sf]
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2066/67