Adam Nieto H.W.

Questions from Topic 1: Stoichiometry

Exercises: # 6,11,13,16 Practice Questions: #1-15

10/6/13 Stiso, Periods

Topic 1: Stoichiometry (Quantitative Chemistry) Exercise Questions 1. Calculate how many hydrogen atoms are present in 0.040 moles of C2H6.
Calculating the number of moles of hydrogen atoms
0.040mol 6

= 0.24 moles of hydrogen

Calculating the amount of hydrogen atoms present in 0.040 moles of C2H6 0.24 moles of hydrogen x 6.02 x 1023 = 1.4 x 1023 atoms of Hydrogen

2. Calculate the molar mass of magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2

Calculate Gram formula Masses Mg= 24.31 g x 1 moles of Mg atoms = 24.31 g/mol Relative atomic mass: N = 14.01 g x 2 moles of N atoms = 28.02 g/mol Mg= 24.31 g O =16.00 g x 6 moles of O atoms= 96.00 g/mol N = 14.01 g O =16.00 g Molar Mass = 24.31 g/mol + 28.02 g/mol + 96.00 g/mol = 148.33 g/mol

3. Calculate how many hydrogen atoms are contained in 2.3 g of C2H5OH (Mr =46). Mr = the sum of the relative atomic masses of the atoms in the molecular formula.
# of mols in C2H5OH What is the least amount sig figs, 2 so that is why 0.050 = 2 sig figs.
2.3 grams = 0.050 mol of C2H5OH 46 grams / mol

# of moles of hydrogen atoms in C2H5OH 6 H atoms x 0.050 mols = 0.30 mols of H atoms # of atoms in 0.30 mols 0.30 mols of H atoms x 6.02 x 1023 (Avogadros constant) = 1.8 x 1023

4. The relative molecular mass of a compound is 98.0. Calculate the number of molecules in a 4.90 g sample of the substance. Grams Moles Molecules Step 1: 4.90 g x 1 mole = .050 moles 98.0 g Step 2: .050 moles x 6.02 1023 = 3.02 x 1022 molecules

5. An oxide of sulfur contains 60% by mass of oxygen/ Deduce the empirical formula.

6. Pure nickel was discovered in 1751. It was named from the German word kupfernickel; meaning devils copper; a compound of nickel was analyzed and shown to have the following composition by mass: Ni 37.9%, S 20.7%, O 41.4 %. Deduce the empirical formula.

7. Which formula can be determined by only using the percent mass composition data of an unknown compound? I. II. Molecular formula Empirical (simplest) formula

A. I only B. II only C. Both I and II D. Neither I nor II

8. CFCs are compounds of carbon, hydrogen chloride and fluorine which catalyses the depletion of the ozone layer. The composition of one CFC is shown below. carbon 1.78% hydrogen 1.5% chlorine 52.6% fluorine 28.1%

11.
(a) Nitrogen and oxygen react in cylinders of car engines to form nitrogen monoxide (NO). Give a balanced equation for this reaction. (b) Nitrogen monoxide is a primary pollutant. After it escapes into the atmosphere, it reacts with oxygen to produce nitrogen dioxide. Give a balanced equation for this reaction. (c) Nitrogen dioxide is a secondary pollutant which can react further with oxygen and water in the atmosphere to produce nitric acid, HNO3 (aq), one of the ingredients of acid rain. Give a balanced equation for the formation of nitric acid from nitrogen dioxide.

13. Iron is produced in the blast furnace by reduction of iron (III) oxide. Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2 Calculate the minimum mass of iron (III) oxide needed to produce 800 g of iron.

16. Calculate the volume occupied by 4.40 g of carbon dioxide at standard temperature and pressure.