Useful Constants

NOTE: For each quantity, the one-standard deviation uncertainty is given in parentheses.
NA = Avogadro constant = 6.02214199 (47) 1023 mol-1
e = charge on electron = 1.602176487 (40) 10-19 C
R = gas constant = NAk = 8.314472 (15) J K-1 mol-1
= 8.314472 (15) 10-2 L bar K-1 mol-1
= 8.20574 10-2 L atm K-1 mol-1
k = Boltzmann constant = 1.3806504 (24) 10-23 J K-1
c = speed of light = 2.99792458 108 m s-1
F = Faraday constant = NAe = 9.64853415 (39) 104 C mol-1
0 = vacuum permittivity = 8.854187817 10-12 J-1 C2 m-1
0 = vacuum permeability = 4 10-7 J s2 C-2 m-1
me = mass of electron = 9.10938215 (45) 10-31 kg
mp = mass of proton = 1.672621637 (83) 10-27 kg
mn = mass of neutron = 1.674927211 (84) 10-27 kg
h = Planck constant = 6.62606896 (33) 10-34 J s
= h/2 = 1.054571628 (53) 10-34 J s
u = atomic mass unit = 1.660538782 (83) 10-27 kg
a0 = Bohr radius = 5.2917720859 (36) 10-11 m
G = gravitational constant = 6.67428 (67) 10-11 N m2 kg-2
g = gravitational acceleration = 9.80665 m s-2

Useful Conversion Factors

1 atm = 1.01325 bar

1 cal = 4.184 J

= 760 torr

1 cm-1 = 1.9864 10-23 J

= 101.325 kPa

1 D = 3.33564 10-30 C m

1 bar = 105 Pa
1 J = 1 kg m2 s-2
1 eV = 1.60218 10-19 J
= 86.485 kJ mol-1
= 8065.5 cm-1

1 = 10-10 m
1 L-bar = 100 J