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Present Perfect Simple Vs.

Present Perfect Continuous


Summary of differences of use :
Simple
1. Focuses on COMPLETED actions. E.g. Ive read your book. 2. Commonly used with STATIVE VEBS. E.g. Ive known him for years. 3. Emphasises PERMANENT/ROUTINE actions/states. E.g. Ive worked hard all my life. 4. Is more MATTER-OF-FACT. E.g. Ive waited an hour for you. 5. E.g. Ive worked here for 20 years. NB. No objective difference in meaning. 6. Emphasis is on SINGLE ACTIONS. E.g. Ive already phoned them. 7. Can be used for RECENTLY COMPLETED actions. E.g. He has just left.

Continuous
1. Focuses on UNFINISHED actions. e.g. Ive been reading your book. 2. Not common with STATIVE VERBS E.g. Ive been knowing him for years. 4. Emphasises TEMPORARY actions/states. E.g. Ive been working hard recently. 4. Carries more ATTITUDE (e.g. annoyance) E.g. Ive been waiting an hour for you. [Its not acceptable]. 5. Emphasises DURATION Ive been working here for 20 years. NB. No objective difference in meaning 6. Used for REPEATED ACTIONS E.g. Ive been phoning them all morning. 7. Can be used for RECENTLY COMPLETED actions. E.g. Why are you sweating? Ive been running.

Michael Kelly inglesagora@gmail.com

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