10.

HEATER (H-01)
Fungsi

: Menaikkan temperatur air sebelum masuk ke reaktor R-01.

Tipe

: Double Pipe Heat Exchanger

Gambar :

Fluida Panas

Fluida Dingin

: Steam
W

= 718,3070 kg/jam

= 1583,5939 lb/jam

T1

= 210 oC

= 410 oF

T2

= 210 oC

= 410 oF

: Air
w

= 8811,7391 kg/jam = 19426,5363 lb/jam

t1

= 66,8375 oC

= 152,3074 oF

t2

= 135 oC

= 275 oF

Perhitungan:
1. Beban Panas H-01
Q = 1363705,8145 kJ/jam = 1292562,6458 Btu/jam
2. LMTD
Fluida Panas
(oF)
410,00
410,00

Fluida Dingin (oF)

Suhu tinggi
Suhu rendah
Selisih

244

275,0
152,3

Selisih
135,0
257,69
-122,69

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t 2 t1
= 189,7819 oF
ln ( t 2 / t1 )

LMTD =

3. Tc = 410,00 oF; tc = 213,65 oF

Asumsi UD = 200 Btu/hr.ft2.oF

1292562,6458

A = 200 189,7819 = 34,0539 ft2

Karena A< 200 ft2, maka dipilih HE jenis Double Pipe Heat Exchanger.

Rencana Klasifikasi
Data Pipa
IPS (in)
SN
OD (in)
ID (in)
a (ft2/ft)

Outer Pipe
3
40
3,5
3,068
0,916

Inner Pipe
2
40
2,38
2,067
0,622

Hot Fluid (Steam) : Annulus

a. Flow Area, aa
D2 = 3,0680/12 = 0,2557 ft
D1 = 2,3800/12 = 0,1983 ft
aa =
=

(D22 D12)

(Pers. 6.3)

(0,25572 0,19832) = 0,0204 ft2

Equivalent Diameter, De

(D
De =

2
2

D1
D1

b. Kecepatan Massa, Ga
Ga = W/aa

(0,2557

0,1983 2 )
= 0,1312 ft
0,2557
2

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= 77501,68 lb/hr.ft2
c. Reynold number, Re
Pada Tavg = 410,00 oF
= 0,0627 lb/hr ft
Rea

= De.Ga/
=

0,1312 77501,68
= 162279,38
0,0627

d. ho= 1500 Btu/hr.ft2.oF untuk kondensasi steam

(pg.466, Kern)

Cold Fluid (air) : Inner Pipe

d. Flow Area, ap
D = 2,067 in/12 = 0,1723 ft

ap =

D2

(0,1723)2 = 0,0233 ft2

e. Kecepatan Massa, Gp
Gp = w/ap =

19426,5363
= 834079,1308 lb/hr ft2
0,0233

f. Reynold number, Re
Pada Tavg = 213,7 oF
= 0,3042 lb/ft.hr
Rep = D.Gp/
=

0,1723 834079,1308
= 472297,71
0,3042

g. JH = 780

(Fig. 24, Kern)

h. k = 0,4200 Btu/hr.ft2(oF/ft)
cp = 0,5068 Btu/lb.oF
c

= 0,7162

247

i. hi

k c
= JH

De k

0 ,14

= 1362,2048 Btu/hr.ft2.oF
j. Koreksi hi pada permukaan OD
hio = hi x ID/OD
= 1183,0577 Btu/hr.ft2.oF

k. Clean Overall Coefficient, UC

hioxho

UC = hio +ho = 661,4045 Btu/hr.ft2.oF

l. Design Overall Coefficient, UD
1
1
=
+ Rd
UD
UC

(Pers. 6.10)

Rd ditentukan 0,002 untuk masa service 1 tahun

1
1
=
+ 0,002
UD
661,4045

UD = 284,7434 Btu/hr.ft2.oF
m. Required Length
A=

Q
U D . t

= 23,919 ft2

Dari tabel 11 Kern, untuk 2-in IPS standard pipe, external surface/foot length
= 0,6220 ft
23,919

Required length = 0,6220 = 38,4550 ft

Diambil panjang 1 harpin = 20 ft
Jumlah harpin yang dibutuhkan =

38,4550
= 0,96
40

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Maka dipakai 1 harpin 20 ft

Actual Length

= 1 x 2 x 20 ft
= 40 ft

Actual Surface = L x a
= 40 ft x 0,6220 ft2/ft
= 24,88 ft2
n. Actual Design Coefficient, UD
UD =

Q
A. t
1292562,6458

= 273,7452 Btu/hr.ft2.oF

= 24,88 189,7819
o. Dirt Factor, Rd
Rd =

U C U D
U C U D

= 0,0021 hr.ft2.oF/Btu

PRESSURE DROP
Hot Fluid : Annulus
a. De = (D2 D1)
= 0,0573 ft
Rea = 162279,3785

= 0,0035 +
= 0,0052

= 0,54 lb/ft3

0,264
(Re a ) 0, 42

(Pers. 3.47b)

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b. Fa

4 fGa 2 L
2 g2 De

= 358,3245 ft
c. V

= 3600 = 39,8671 ft/s

V 2
2g

Fl

= 3 x

Pa

=3x

39,86712

2 32,2

= 74,0398

( Fa + Fl )
144

= 1,6214 psi
Cold Fluid: Inner Pipe
a. Rep

= 472298
= 0,0035 +

0,264
(Re p ) 0, 42

(Pers. 3.47b)

= 0,0046

= 60,22 lb/ft3

b. Fp =

4 fGp 2 L
2 g2 D

= 0,9789 ft
Pp

Fp .
144

= 0,4094 psi

SUMMARY
ho = 1500
h outside
hio = 1183,0577
UC = 661,4045
UD = 273,7452
Rd Calculated = 0,0021
Rd Required = 0,0020
1,6214
Calculated P, Psi
0,4094 psi
10 psi
Allowable P, Psi
10 psi

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