I.

Reading Passage 1: Read the passage and do the task that follows Calcite-containing dust particles blow into the air and combine with nitric acid in polluted air from factories to form an entirely new particle-calcium nitrate. These nitrates have optical and chemical properties that are completely different from those of the original dry dust particles. Due to this, climate models need to be updated to reflect this chemistry. Calcite dust is common in arid areas such as Israel, where this past winter scientists collected particles for analysis. Working from a mountaintop, the team collected dust that had blown from the northern shores of gypt, !inai, and southern Israel. The particles had combined with air containing pollutant that came from Cairo. They analy"ed nearly #,$$$ individual particles and observed the physical and chemical changes at the W.% Wiley nvironmental &olecular !ciences 'aboratory. (n important change in the properties of the newly formed nitrate particles is that they absorb water and retain moisture. These particles can scatter and absorb sunlightpresenting climate modelers, who need to know where the energy is going, a new wild card to deal with. )ther studies of dust samples from the !ahara ad the !audi (rabian coast and loess form China show that the higher the calcium in the mineral, the more reactive they are with nitric acid. In fact, once the particle is changed, it stays that way. *. What is the main idea of the passage+ a. There is a new particle called calcium nitrate. b. ,actories are polluting the environment. c. Climate models have to be updated because of the new particle calcium nitrate. d. Calcium nitrate has chemical properties different from other dust particles. #. Why do climate models need to be updated to reflect the chemistry of calcium nitrate+ a. The new particles can absorb water and retain moisture. b. The new particles can scatter and absorb sunlight. c. to stop acid dust. d. both A and B -. Do the particles react with nitric acid+ a. .o, but they continue to absorb the sun/s energy change c. 0es, but the changes are temporary permanent d. Yes, and the changes are b. .o, and the particles do not

1. Which of the following may be a result of these particles+ a. The change of an ice age is increased c. The greenhouse effects are increased. carbon dioxide. 2. Why does the passage begin with a description of the properties of calcium nitrate+ a. to give background information so the reader can understand the topic better b. 3ecause calcium nitrate is the main idea. c. to show how elements combine to create calcium nitrate d. to prove the e4istence of calcium nitrate 5. The word 6those in paragraph * refers to7 a. nitrates a. arid areas desert 9. It can be inferred that 6retain in paragraph - is closest in meaning to7 a. hold b. lose c. increase d. need :. What is the purpose of the passage+ a. to convince the reader that calcium nitrate is bad b. to inform the reader of a new problem in climate modeling c. to show how calcium nitrate was created d. to show where calcium nitrate was first discovered *$. In the third paragraph. What does the term 6wild card mean+ a. an unknown card in a card game b. an unknown item in the scientists calculations c. a large amount of acid dust word. The mos;uito is an insect that 7*7.some of the worst diseases of man and animals. Certain kinds of mos;uitoes7#77.the germs that cause such serious diseases as encephalitis, malaria, and yellow 7-7. When a mos;uito bites, it may leave germs behind. &any kinds of mos;uitoes do not spread disease, 717. they have painful bites. &os;uitoes are found in all part of the world, 727.near the .orth <ole. &ost kinds of mos;uitoes that cause disease live in the hot, damp land near the e;uator. In some countries mos;uitoes often 757.in great swarms that look like clouds. They attack men, interfering with such work as fishing, lumbering, and mining. d. none of the above Passage 2: Read the passage and then fill in each gap with ONE suitable b. properties b. the !audi Coast c. particles c. Cairo d. models d. the !ahara 8. In the scientists/ research, where did the pollutants come from originally+ b. We may see more rainbows d. We may see an increase in

&an controls mos;uitoes in many ways. !cientists have developed chemicals7..87 insecticides, which kill mos;uitoes and other insects. !mall amounts if these chemicals kill mos;uitoes797 sprayed in homes, garages7.:7they grow. &os;uitoes lay their eggs in marshes, swamps, and other pools of ;uiet water. ngineers may build canals through marshes to drain off the 7*$7, and often fill small pools and swamps with soil. !ey ". spreads '. gather II. #. carry (. called $. fever ). when %. but *. where &. even "+. water

uppl! the correct for" of the words gi#en in $%PI&%'.

*. &arc is a great % ! (%C=777777777> he has devoted all his life to doing scientific study on renewable energy. #. The C).!?& 777777777..of energy has increased steadily. -. ,)%T?.(T 777777777, it had been raining all day, so we had to postpone the match. 1. (n C)')@07777.7is said to study the relation between organism and their environment. 2. This country has benefited the <' .T0777777777..supply of cheap fuel. 5. =e was ACIT & .T 77777777to be asked to play for the &.?. 8. =e became internationally ,(& 777777777..for his novels. 9. This maga"ine only aims at T .77777777777.. :. ?ncle =o is well-known for his &)D !T7777777777. *$. 3y bringing =(<<0 777777777.to other people, you will be happy, too. !ey ". researcher $. ,nfortunately &. plentiful (. famous *. modesty #. consumption %. ecologist '. excited ). teenagers "+. happiness

III. (ill in each blank with ONE suitable preposition *. That book was written ................... Wilbur !mile #. Would you like to go ................... a walk with me+ -. We fell .................love on a hot summer night 1. It is similar in taste ................... a banana 2. This article refers ................... the events of last year !ey ". by #. for $. in %. to &. to

I). (inish the following sentences without changing their "eanings. *. It is important for him to do well on his e4am. It is important7777777777777777777777777777777. #. If I were the Bueen, I would reduce ta4es. Were7777777777777777777777777777777777... -. !ally finally managed to get a Cob. !ally finally succeeded777777777777777777777777777.. 1. DI/m sorry that I broke the glassE, said <eter. <eter apologi"ed777777777777777777777777777777. 2. The garden still needs digging. The garden hasn/t77777777777777777777777777777... 5. Whose is that car outside the gate+ Who does777777777777777777777777777777777 8. I have never seen such a mess in my life. .ever in777777777777777777777777777777777. 9. 0ou really should be able to dress yourself by now, lsie. It/s time you77777777777777777777777777777777 :. I often get up early. I am used777777777777777777777777777777777 *$. =e never suspected that the money had been stolen. (t no time77777777777777777777777777777777.. !ey ". -t is important that he do well on his exam. #. Were - the .ueen, - would reduce taxes. $. /ally finally succeeded in getting a 0ob. %. 1eter apologi2ed for breaking the glass. &. 3he garden hasn t been dug. '. Who does that car outside the gate belong to4 (. 5ever in my life have - seen such a mess. ). -t s time you were able to dress yourself, 6lsie. *. - am used to getting up early. "+. At no time did he suspect that the money had been stolen. ). $hoose the word or phrase that best fits each space in the flowing passage. The shark is a meat- eating fish and one of the most feared animals of the sea. !cientists F*G77 about #2$ species of fish as sharks. These fish live in oceans F#G 77..the world, but they are most common in warm seas. !harks F-G777.greatly in si"e and habits. Whale sharks, the largest kind of shark, may grow 5$ feet long. ( whale shark weighs up to *2 tons, more than twice F1G 7777.much as an (frican elephant. The smallest shark may F2G777..only 1 inches long and weigh less than * ounce. !ome kinds of sharks live in the depths of the ocean, but F5G7777are found near the surface. !ome species live in coastal waters, but others F8G7777far out at sea. ( few species can even live in F9G7777..water.

(ll sharks are carnivores Fmeat- eatersG. &ost of them eat F:G7777fish, including other sharks. ( shark/s only natural enemy is a large shark. !harks eat their prey whole, or they tear off large chunks of flesh. They also F*$G7..on dead or dying animals. *. (. classify 3. divide C. organi"e D. arrange #. (. all 3. through C. throughout D. over -. (. grow 3. rise C. evolve D. vary 1. (. as 3. so C. very D. e4actly 2. (. stretch 3. measure C. develop D. e4pand 5. (. some others 3. others C. different kinds D. some sharks 8. (. dwell 3. e4ist C. emigrate D. migrate 9. (. fresh 3. sweet C. light D. clear :. (. uncooked 3. live C. lively D. alive *$. (. eat 3. swallow C. e4ist D. feed )I. $hoose the best answers to co"plete the following sentences *. Tom and &ary never came to class late. .................................. (. !o did we .either we did #. I remember ....................to =anoi when I was a very small child. (. taking (. if - had seen road. (. it difficult - drive C. it difficult 7 driving (. would have come 3. will come (. out (. to not do it tremor. (. /carely 3. .ever C. .o sooner D. Hust :. Hason/s professor had him.................his thesis many times before allowing him to present it to the committee. (. rewrites proposal temporarily. (. were discovered discovered 3. which was discovered C. that discovered D. 3. rewriting C. rewrite D. to rewrite *$. The problems .......last year caused to the committee members to table the 3. up 3. I should do it C. off C. about to do it 3. difficult - drive D. difficult- driving C. would come D. came D. down D. not to do it 3. to take 3. have I seen C. to be taken C. have you seen D. being taken D. if had I seen -. =elen asked me ......................the film called D!tar WarsE. 1. (t first I found ......................to get used to .....................on the other side of the 3. 5either did we C. We did either D.

2. =ad we known your new address, we .................to see you. 5. I don/t believe a word she said> I think he Cust made.......................that story. 8. !he warned me........................ 9. .................had they recovered from the first earth;uake when they felt the second

)II. *i#e the correct tense of the #erbs in brackets: Hane F*. 0oinG. ..............our firm twelve years ago. !he had worked for the previous seven years with an advertising company and F#. ac8uireG....................much useful e4perience. ,or the first eight years with us, she F-. workG..................in the !ales Department, and F1. workG...................there when I became a &anaging Director. !ince then she F2. workG................as my personal assistant, and F5.proveG.........................herself to be outstandingly capable on many occasions. !he F8.workG ..................... on the top floor, in an office ne4t to mine, but at the moment she F9.workG.......................in 'ondon on a special assignment. !ey ". 0oined $. worked9 was working &. has been working9has worked (. works sentence. *. HohnIs wisdom teeth were troubling him, so he went to a dental surgeon to see about having ( them pull. C D FpulledG #. :any of the early work of T.!. liot e4presses the anguish and barrenness of modern life and the ( FmuchG isolation of the individual. D -. (n increasing number of office works use computer programs as daily routine. ( ( federal and ( state funds. 5. (s you come to each town, however small, you will see a sign which states the name of the town ( 3 C 3FestablishedG C D 3 3 C FworkersG C C FnoG D 1. (mong the worldIs 11 richest countries, there has been not war since *:12. 2. .ew universities are being establish at a slower rate nowadays due to the lack of 3 C 3 #. had ac8uired %. was working '. has proved ). is working

)III. +istake identification: (ind the one "istake , %-.-$ or /0 in each

and how many inhabitants does it have. D Fit hasG 8. @raphology, the science of handwriting analysis, has interested people as far back as the #nd ( D century. I1. Phonetics %. $hoose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differentl! fro" others in each group.
*.a. effective ethnic #.a. development prepare -.a. doubt debt 1.a. honorable historic 2.a. private accurate b. illiterate c. educate d. b. honesty c. heir d. b. tomb c. reasonable d. b. consumption c. psychology d. b. eradicate c. expend d.

C Fhad interestedG

..

tress: $hoose the word whose "ain stress is different for" others in 3. believe 3. interest 3. embarrass 3. video 3. happen C. ready C. capable C. floppy C. birthday C. extreme D. easy D. sympathy D. embrace D. imagine D.

each group. *G (. feeling #G (. ac8uaintance -G (. e4perience 1G (. idol 2G (. cotton ;uickly 1. 2riting &he world is e3periencing a dra"atic increase in population. &his is causing proble"s not onl! for poor- de#eloping countries- but also for industriali4ed and de#eloped nations Describe some of the problems that over population causes and suggest at least one possible solution. F0ou should write from #$$ to #2$ wordsG Reference In most countries of the world the population is increasing alarmingly. This is especially true in poor, developing and even in developed countries. )verpopulation causes a considerable number of problems In poor countries, it is difficult to provide enough food to feed even the present number of people. In addition, education to limit the number of children per family is

not always successful. <oorer countries usually have a lot of unemployment too, and an increase in population simply makes the situation worse. The environment also suffers when there are too many people living on the land. In rich, industriali"ed and developing countries it is very difficult for governments to provide effective public services in overcrowded cities. &oreover, there is usually a great deal more crime which is often due to high rates of unemployment. ,urther large increases in population only cause more overcrowding unemployment and crime. There are two main solutions to the overpopulation problem. ,irstly, every woman who is pregnant but who does not want to give birth should be allowed by law to have an abortion. !econdly, governments must educate people to limit the si"e of the family. To sum up, if the population e4plosion continues, many more people will die of starvation in poor countries, and life in the cities, even in rich nations, will become increasingly difficult F##* wordsG