Thermodynamic System

Thermodynamic System: Thermodynamic system is a definite quantity of matter bounded by some closed surface. Thermodynamic system is an identifiable collection of matter upon which attention is focused for investigation. All space outside the system is known as surroundings. A system is separated from surrounding by the boundary which is may be real or imaginary.

Must Read: Specific Heat

Types of thermodynamic system are described below:

Open System: In the open system interchange of both matter and energy can takes place across its boundary. Most of the engineering systems are open system.

Ex. A cup of hot coffee is a simple example of an open system, in this example interchange of energy in the form of heat and matter in the form of coffee both can take place across its boundary.

Closed System: In the closed system there is no interchange of matter between system and surrounding but energy can cross the boundaries and boundary itself move or change its position.

Ex. In the above diagram gas is heated in the closed vessel. Interchange of energy in the form of heat can take place but matter can not exchange across its boundary. Isolated System: In the isolated system neither mass nor energy cross the boundaries and it is not influenced by the surroundings. In nature isolated system can not exist.