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Stt
1
2
3
Phng lnh
Sn phm
Nhit
bo qun
Phng 1
Phng 2
Phng 3
Rau qu
Rau qu
Hi sn
2
2
-3
85
85
90
Thng gi
C
C
Khng
Thi gian
bo qun
(ngy)
30
30
3
Trong :
Chiu cao cht ti ca phng lnh, ( )
Chiu cao theo thit k kin trc ca phng lnh, ( )
Chiu dy ca trn phng lnh, ( )
0,5m
Khong d tr cao cho cc h thng -ng ng v chiu cao
nng hng ca xe ra.
Tt c cc phng lnh u c chung cc thng s v cc chiu cao k trn nn u
c cng chiu cao cht ti. Thay s vo cng thc (II-4) ta c:
II.2.3. Th tch cht hng v dung tch ca cc phng lnh
Th tch cht hng ca cc phng lnh tnh theo cng thc sau:
(II-5)
Trong :
V
Phng
Sn phm
lnh
1
Rau qu
2
Rau qu
3
Hi sn
)
180
120
270
0.75
0.75
0.75
( )
135.0
90.0
202.5
( )
4.7
4.7
4.7
V
( )
(
634.50
423.00
951.75
E
)
0.45
0.45
0.45
(
)
285.53
190.35
428.29
gch lt v va ximng.
Hnh 1. Cu to cc lp vt liu mi
Gch l nem, = 15 mm
Va ximng, = 10 mm
Gch l nem, = 15 mm
Va ximng, = 10 mm
B tng chng thm, = 80 mm
X to dc, = 200 mm
Sn BTCT, = 100 mm
Va trt, = 15 mm
Bitum, = 4 mm
Lp cch nhit polystirol, ang xc nh
Va trt luoi thp, = 15 mm
i = 2%
Stt
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Lp vt liu
Gch l nem
Va ximng
Gch l nem
Va ximng
Btng chng thm
X to dc
Trn BTCT
Va ximng trt
Bitum cch m
Polystirol
Va trt l-i thp
( )
0.015
0.010
0.015
0.010
0.080
0.200
0.100
0.015
0.004
???
0.020
)
0.810
0.930
0.810
0.930
1.500
0.290
1.550
0.930
0.180
0.047
0.870
)
10.500
9.000
10.500
9.000
1.000
19.500
3.000
9.000
0.086
0.750
9.800
)
0.0185
0.0108
0.0185
0.0108
0.0533
0.6897
0.0645
0.0161
0.0222
0.0000
0.0230
0.7550
Hnh 2. Cu to cc lp vt liu nn
Gch lt nn, = 15 mm
Va XM, = 15 mm
B tng bt, ang xc nh
Hai lp giy du, = 5 mm
B tng gch v, = 100 mm
t ct pha, sch cht mn, m k
Stt
1
2
3
4
5
Lp vt liu
( )
) (
Gch lt nn
0.015
0.810
Va ximng
0.015
0.930
Btng bt
???
0.400
Hai lp giy du
0.005
0.140
Btng gch v
0.100
0.870
Tng nhit tr ch-a k lp cch nhit:
) (
10.500
9.000
7.500
0.135
6.800
)
0.0185
0.0161
0.0000
0.0357
0.1149
0.1853
Va XM trt, = 20 mm
Gch , = 220 mm
Va XM trt, = 15 mm
Bitum cch m, = 4 mm
Lp cch nhit, ang xc nh
Va tam hp luoi thp, = 20 mm
Stt
Lp vt liu
1
2
3
4
5
6
Va ximng trt
Gch
Va ximng trt
Bitum cch m
Polystirol
Va trt l-i thp
( )
) (
0.930
0.810
0.930
0.180
0.047
0.870
0.020
0.220
0.015
0.004
???
0.020
9.000
10.500
9.000
0.086
0.750
9.800
0.0215
0.2716
0.0161
0.0222
0.0000
0.0230
0.3545
Va XM trt, = 20 mm
Gch , = 110 mm
Va XM trt, = 15 mm
Bitum cch m, = 4 mm
Lp cch nhit, ang xc nh
Va tam hp luoi thp, = 20 mm
Stt
1
2
3
4
5
6
Lp vt liu
( )
) (
Va ximng trt
0.020
0.930
0.110
Gch
0.810
Va ximng trt
0.015
0.930
Bitum cch m
0.004
0.180
Polystirol
???
0.047
Va trt l-i thp
0.020
0.870
Tng nhit tr ch-a k lp cch nhit:
)
9.000
10.500
9.000
0.086
0.750
9.800
)
0.0215
0.1358
0.0161
0.0222
0.0000
0.0230
0.2186
Hnh 5. Cu to cc lp vt liu ca i
Stt
1
2
3
Lp vt liu
Thp khng g
Polystirol
Thp khng g
( )
0.0005
???
0.0005
) (
58.000
0.047
58.000
) (
0.000
0.750
0.000
)
0.0000086
0.0000000
0.0000086
0.0000172
II.3.1. Tnh ton chiu dy cc lp cch nhit. Kim tra ng s-ng b mt ngoikt
cu.
Chiu dy lp cch nhit xc nh theo cng thc sau:
(II-7)
Trong :
xc nh
thc sau:
Trong :
chnh nhit gia hai b mt ngoi ca kt cu, ( )
Nhit tnh ton ca khng kh ngoi tri v trong phng, ( )
H s k n v tr ca kt cu bao che
S
Phng
t
lnh
t
Phng
1
Phng
2
Phng
3
4 Nn
Mng
t-ng
Bc
Nam
Ty
ng
Mi
Ca i
Bc
Nam
Ty
ng
Mi
Ca i
Bc
Nam
Ty
(gip P.2)
Ty
(gip P.)
ng
Mi
Ca i
( )
( )
( )
34.4
34.4
37.4
2 1 32.4
2 0.7 22.7
2 1 35.4
0.35
0.50
0.32
34.4
34.4
34.4
34.4
2 1 32.4
2 0.7 22.7
2 1 32.4
2 0.7 22.7
0.35
0.50
0.35
0.50
-3
34.4
34.4
34.4
34.4
2 1 -5.0
2 1 32.4
2 0.7 22.7
-3 1 37.4
-3 1 37.4
-3
2
34.4
34.4
34.4
34.4
( )
( )
( )
0.65
0.35
0.50
0.30
0.30
23.26
11.63
11.63
8.72
23.26
11.63
23.26
11.63
8.72
8.72
23.26
11.63
23.26
23.26
8.72
8.72
8.72
8.72
8.72
8.72
8.72
8.72
8.72
8.72
8.72
8.72
8.72
8.72
0.3545
0.2186
0.3545
0.2186
0.7550
0
0.3545
0.2186
0.2186
0.2186
0.7550
0
0.3545
0.3545
0.047
0.047
0.047
0.047
0.047
0.047
0.047
0.047
0.047
0.047
0.047
0.047
0.047
0.047
0.110 0.10
0.074 0.10
0.121 0.15
0.05
0.091 0.10
0.085 0.10
0.110 0.10
0.074 0.10
0.05
0.051 0.05
0.091 0.10
0.085 0.10
0.133 0.15
0.133 0.15
0.436
0.452
0.307
0.761
0.378
0.494
0.436
0.452
0.761
0.761
0.378
0.494
0.311
0.311
5.0
0.65
8.72
8.72
0.2186
0.047
0.051 0.05
0.761
-3 0.7 26.2
-3 1 37.4
-3 1 37.4
-3 0.7 26.2
0.42
0.30
0.30
0.42
0.41
11.63
23.26
23.26
11.63
8.72
8.72
8.72
8.72
0.2186
0.3545
0.7550
0
0.1853
0.047
0.047
0.047
0.047
0.150
0.092
0.133
0.114
0.102
0.338
0.452
0.311 31.4
0.378 31.4
0.494
0.457
0.10
0.15
0.10
0.10
0.35
31.4
2.05
31.4
1.87
31.4
2.05
31.4
2.05
31.4
2.05
31.4
31.4
1.77
1.77
1.77
1.77
)
(II-12)
Trong :
Nhit tr mt trong v mt ngoi kt cu ngn che, (
)
H s trao i nhit b mt trong v ngoi kt cu, (
);
ly theo bng 2.3, trang 33, ti liu Thit k thng gi cng
nghip, tc gi Hong Th Hin
Nhit tr ca mt lp th i kt cu ngn che:
(II-13)
Trong :
Nhit tr lp kt cu ngn che th i, (
)
Chiu dy lp kt cu th i, ( )
H s dn nhit ca vt liu lp kt cu th i, (
);
ly theo ph lc 2.2, trang 249, ti liu Thit k thng gi cng
nghip, tc gi Hong Th Hin v bng 3-1, trang 81, ti liu
H-ng dn thit k h thng lnh, tc gi Nguyn c Li.
Nhit mt ngoi ca lp vt liu th i tnh nh- sau:
(II-14)
Trong :
Nhit b mt ngoi kt cu ngn che th i, ( )
Nhit tnh ton ca khng kh ngoi tri v trong phng, ( )
Tng nhit tr ca kt cu ngn che, (
)
Nhit tr mt ngoi kt cu ngn che, (
)
Nhit tr lp kt cu ngn che th i, (
)
)
)
)
)
(II-16)
Trong :
m tr lp kt cu ngn che th i, (
)
Chiu dy lp kt cu th i, ( )
H s dn nhit ca vt liu lp kt cu th i, (
);
ly theo ph lc 2.2, trang 249, ti liu Thit k thng gi cng
nghip, tc gi Hong Th Hin v bng 3-1 trang 81, bng 3-2
trang 83, ti liu H-ng dn thit k h thng lnh, tc gi Nguyn
c Li.
Stt
Kt
cu
Lp vt liu
1.
2.
3.
T-ng
bin 4.
5.
6.
Mi
KK ngoi
Va ximng trt
Gch
Va ximng trt
Bitum cch m
Polystirol
Va trt l-i thp
KK trong
Kk ngoi
1. Gch l nem
2. Va ximng
3. Gch l nem
4. Va ximng
5. Btng chng thm
6. X to dc
7. Trn BTCT
8. Va ximng trt
9. Bitum cch m
10. Polystirol
11. Va trt l-i thp
Kk trong
( )
( )
34.4
0.020
0.220
0.015
0.004
0.150
0.020
0.930
0.810
0.930
0.180
0.047
0.870
9.000
10.500
9.000
0.086
0.750
9.800
-3
34.4
0.015
0.010
0.015
0.010
0.080
0.200
0.100
0.015
0.004
0.100
0.020
-3
0.810
0.930
0.810
0.930
1.500
0.290
1.550
0.930
0.180
0.047
0.870
10.500
9.000
10.500
9.000
1.000
19.500
3.000
9.000
0.086
0.750
9.800
0.0430
0.0215
0.2716
0.0161
0.0222
3.1915
0.0230
0.1147
3.7036
0.0430
0.0185
0.0108
0.0185
0.0108
0.0533
0.6897
0.0645
0.0161
0.0222
2.1277
0.0230
0.1147
3.2127
( )
33.97
33.75
31.01
30.84
30.62
-1.61
-1.84
33.90
33.68
33.56
33.34
33.22
32.60
24.57
23.82
23.63
23.37
-1.40
-1.66
0.12
5315
222.22
5250 2095.24
4499
166.67
4455 4651.16
4410 20000.00
535
204.08
525
0.16
27339.65
0.12
5290
142.86
5240
111.11
5200
142.86
5135
111.11
5090 8000.00
4920 1025.64
3350 3333.33
2950
166.67
2910 4651.16
2880 13333.33
540
204.08
530
0.16
31222.44
4601
428
4600.98
4567.06
4247.26
4221.82
3511.88
459.17
428.02
714.02
682.94
251.74
233.18
898.12
75.83
96.98
4600.98
4581.89
4567.04
4547.95
4533.10
3463.87
3326.78
2881.27
2859.00
2237.35
455.30
428.02
689.02
658.11
632.96
587.05
556.90
1456.13
23.22
68.73
51.00
642.65
84.70
101.98
4601
428
Phng
lnh
Sn
phm
1
2
3
Phng
lnh
Rau qu
Rau qu
Hi sn
Sn
phm
1
2
3
Rau qu
Rau qu
Hi sn
( )
285.53
190.35
428.29
(
1.46
1.46
1.46
28553.00
19035.00
25697.40
(
2855.30
1903.50
2569.74
403.00
403.00
369.00
( )
34.4
34.4
34.4
274.00
274.00
85.00
( )
42.6
28.4
84.5
(
2
2
-3
44.2
29.5
86.1
1.6
1.0
1.6
nn
Trong :
H s k n s tng nhit tr khi c lp cch nhit
Tng nhit tr ca cc lp kt cu nn, (
)
Kt qu tnh ton tn tht lnh qua kt cu bao che cc phng lnh cho trong bng
6. v 7.
Bng 6. Tn tht lnh qua kt cu t-ng, mi v ca i
Stt
Phng lnh
Phng 1
T-ng Bc
T-ng Nam
T-ng Ty
T-ng ng
Mi
Ca
Tng cng
Phng 2
T-ng Bc
T-ng Nam
T-ng Ty
T-ng ng
Mi
Ca
Tng cng
Phng 3
T-ng Bc
T-ng Nam
T-ng Ty (Ph. 2)
T-ng Ty (Ph. .)
T-ng ng
Mi
Ca
Tng cng
1
0.7
1
1
1
0.7
0.436
0.452
0.307
0.761
0.378
0.494
34
34
34
2
34
34
1
0.7
1
1
1
0.7
0.436
0.452
0.761
0.761
0.378
0.494
34
34
2
-3
34
34
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
0.7
1
1
0.7
0.311
0.311
0.761
0.452
0.311
0.378
0.494
34
34
2
34
34
34
34
10
10
12
12
10
2.2
1.15
0.77
0.65
0.00
2.21
0.07
4.84
5.4 54.000
5.4 47.840
5.4 64.800
5.4 64.800
12 120.000
2.8
6.160
0.76
0.49
0.00
-0.25
1.47
0.07
2.55
0.95
0.95
0.25
0.31
1.14
3.82
0.08
7.49
II
III
IV
2
18 m
40 m
Bng 7. Tn tht lnh truyn qua nn
Phng
lnh
Phng 1
Phng 2
Phng 3
54
20
96
42
20
72
34
20
56
54
60
54
2.52
0.24
0.1 34.4 2
0.1 34.4 2
0.1 34.4 -3
0.34
0.16
0.65
Trong :
Chnh lch nhit gy ra bi bc x, ( )
H s hp th bc x mt tri ca b mt kt cu ngn che; ph
thuc tnh cht v mu sc ca vt liu lp ngoi kt cu, vi mi
mu gch, t-ng sn vng; tra trong bng 2.17, trang 54, ti liu
Thit k thng gi cng nghip, tc gi Hong Th Hin.
Stt
1
Phng lnh
Phng 1
T-ng Bc
Mi
0.436
0.378
81 0.44
52.92
180 0.7 259.38
23.26
0.75
23.26
5.85
Tng cng
0.03
0.40
0.43
Phng 2
T-ng Bc
Mi
0.436
0.378
54 0.44
52.92
120 0.7 259.38
23.26
0.75
23.26
5.85
Tng cng
0.02
0.27
0.29
Phng 3
T-ng Bc
T-ng ng
Mi
0.311
0.311
0.386
81 0.44
52.92
97.2 0.44
84.54
270 0.7 259.38
23.26
0.75
23.26
1.20
23.26
5.85
Tng cng
0.02
0.04
0.61
0.67
Stt
Phng lnh
1 Phng 1
972
4
1.281
2 Phng 2
648
4
1.281
L-ng nhit truyn vo do qu trnh m ca
110.79
110.79
11.33
11.33
5.73
3.82
Stt
Phng lnh
1
2
3
180
120
270
12
15
12
2.16
1.80
3.24
Stt
Phng lnh
1 Phng 1
2 Phng 2
3 Phng 3
43200
43200
43200
1.5
1
1.5
1.20
0.80
1.20
Stt
1
2
3
Phng lnh
n
ng-i
Phng 1
Phng 2
Phng 3
kW
1.05
1.05
1.40
3
3
4
Stt
1
2
3
Phng lnh
Phng 1 (Rau qu)
Phng 2 (Rau qu)
Phng 3 (Hi sn)
180
120
270
1.2
1.2
1.2
0.22
0.14
0.32
(II-29)
Trong :
Dng nhit do hoa qu h hp, (
)
H s chuyn i n v
Dung tch kho lnh, ( )
Dng nhit ta ra khi nhp sn phm vo kho lnh vi nhit ban
); xc nh theo
u v sau h xung nhit bo qun, (
bng 3-5, trang 43, ti liu K thut lnh ng dng, cc tc gi
Nguyn c Li Phm Vn Ty - inh Vn Thun
Bng 14. Dng nhit ta ra do hoa qu h hp
Stt
1
2
Phng lnh
Phng 1
Phng 2
285.83
190.35
75
75
12
12
5.23
3.48
Phng
lnh
Phng 1
Phng 2
Phng 3
t
(
2
2
-3
(
TB
44.2
29.5
86.1
)
MN
44.2
29.5
86.1
(
TB
5.61
3.25
8.81
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
MN
TB MN
TB
5.61 5.73 4.63 3.47 5.23 65.40
3.00 3.48 3.79 2.84 3.48 43.84
101.07
8.81
6.16 4.62
)
MN
64.24
42.64
99.53
= 8 13
Ch bay hi th hai:
Nhit ng-ng t ca mi cht lnh
Thit b ng-ng t lm mt bng n-c tun hon thng qua thp gii nhit. Cng
thc xc nh nhit ng-ng t:
(III-2)
Trong :
Nhit ng-ng t ca mi cht lnh, ( )
= 3 5
, ta chn
Trong :
Nhit n-c ra khi thit b ng-ng t, ( )
Nhit n-c vo thit b ng-ng t, ( )
Hiu nhit n-c lm mt thit b ng-ng t, ( );
=5 .
, ta chn
=2 6
t min
tk
t w2
t w1
Khi tnh ton ta b qua tn tht nhit trn cc -ng ng dn gia thit b ng-ng t
v thp lm mt. Ta c:
, chn 5
Trong :
Nhit n-c vo thit b ng-ng t, ( )
Nhit n-c ra khi thp lm mt, ( )
Nhit nhit biu -t ca khng kh bn ngoi trng thi tnh
ton, ( )
Nhit v m khng kh bn ngoi l:
I-d ta c:
Thay vo cc cng thc trn, vit:
; tra biu
NT
lgP
2
hql
1
MN
TL2
BH2
VGA
Pk
m
P02
P01
TL1
5'
BH1
2
3
m2
5
m1
6'
5'
6'
hqn
im nt
1
2
3
6
6'
t
7.0
72.1
47.0
-8.0
-13.0
P
178.0817
1221.0545
1221.0545
217.0394
178.0817
h
406.81
450.95
266.77
392.51
389.52
v
0.12186
Trng thi
Hi qu nhit
Hi qu nhit
Lng bo ha
Hi bo ha
Hi bo ha
Vi ch si th hai:
Gi
t-ng ng l nng sut khi l-ng thc t ca my nn hai ch
bay hi th nht v th hai, ta c:
Cc ph-ng trnh cn bng nhit thit b hi nhit v ph-ng trnh ha trn cho ta
h ph-ng trnh sau:
Thay s vo ta -c:
Th gi tr
t ph-ng trnh trn vo ph-ng trnh d-i v rt gn -c ph-ng
trnh bc hai n s nh- sau:
im nt
1
2
3
4
5
5'
6
6'
7
t
7.0
72.1
47.0
36.8
-8.0
-13.0
-8.0
-13.0
-11.2
P
178.0817
1221.0545
1221.0545
1221.0545
217.0394
178.0817
217.0394
178.0817
178.0817
h
406.81
450.95
266.77
251.01
251.01
251.01
392.51
389.52
391.05
v
0.12186
-
Cc i l-ng cn tnh ton ca chu trnh phc v cho vic chn my nn:
L-u l-ng khi l-ng thc t ca mi cht lnh
Th tch ht thc t ca my nn
H s ht ca my nn
Cng thc xc nh:
(III-5)
Trong :
H s ht (h s cp ca my nn)
H s k n tn tht do th tch cht, tn tht do tit l-u, tn tht
do r r mi cht
H s kn, ph thuc kn kht ca my nn; chn
H s ht qu nhit k n tn tht do hi ht vo xilanh b t
nng;
Trong :
Gi tr p sut ng-ng t v p sut bay hi,
Tn tht p sut pha y v pha ht ca my nn,
,
Ly
H s th tch cht xilanh; chn
H s, ly bng 1.05 vi my lnh dng mi cht Freon.
Thay s vo tnh -c:
Th tch ht l thuyt ca my nn
Cng nn on nhit n v
Hiu sut lnh ca chu trnh Carnot
Cng sut in ng c yu cu
Loi my nn:
Cng sut in ng c ln nht:
Th tch ht l thuyt:
Ch lm vic tiu chun:
Mi cht lnh:
Nhit bay hi:
Nhit ng-ng t:
Qu nhit hi ht:
Qu lnh lng:
Nng sut lnh:
Cng sut in ng c
Trc vt, na kn
155 kW
615 m3/h
R134a
10 K
0K
134.5 kW
94.4 kW
lgP
3
Pk
P0
1'
h
im nt
1
2
3
4
1
t
-5.0
66.3
50.0
-15.0
-15.0
P
164.1301
1317.6195
1317.6195
164.1301
164.1301
h
396.84
442.41
271.42
271.42
388.32
Trng thi
0.12586 Hi qu nhit
Hi qu nhit
Lng bo ha
Hi m
Hi bo ha
Cc i l-ng cn tnh ton ca chu trnh tiu chun phc v cho vic chn my
nn:
Nng sut lnh n v
H s ht ca my nn
Cng thc xc nh:
(III-6)
Trong :
H s ht (h s cp ca my nn)
H s k n tn tht do th tch cht, tn tht do tit l-u, tn tht
do r r mi cht
H s kn, ph thuc kn kht ca my nn; chn
H s ht qu nhit k n tn tht do hi ht vo xilanh b t
nng;
Trong :
Gi tr p sut ng-ng t v p sut bay hi,
Tn tht p sut pha y v pha ht ca my nn,
Ly
,
H s th tch cht xilanh; chn
H s, ly bng 1.05 vi my lnh dng mi cht Freon.
Thay s vo tnh -c: