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AUTOCAD 2005

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UCS . :
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A p p l y / ? / W o r l d ] <World> : [////////?/] <>
Display UCS Dialog
UCS (. 2.5);
UCS Previous . ;
World UCS ;
Object UCS ;
Face UCS
;
View UCS ,
XY, ( , );
60
2.
| Origin DCS ;
ZAxis Vector DCS ;
3Point DCS X
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:
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UCS, DDUCS, .
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64
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Properties 'L.
Modify
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.

Properties
6
Contents
NEW TEXT
J u s t i f y
Left
Layer
Style
(?
V ^
Select polyline:
Enter an option [Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/
/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]: W
Specify new width for all segments: 3
Enter an option [Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/
/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]: Enter
81
Q
Q
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83
AutoCAD
. ,

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, . AutoCAD , .
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(. 4.1,4.2).
. 4.1.
. 4.2.
84 : 4.
_ , . AutoCAD , ,
/ .
ZOOM, View > Zoom, . 4.3, (. 4.4)
Zoom.
>
. 4.3.
lillfpiieillpll
. 4.4.
ZOOM:
Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or n X P ) , or

[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real
time>: , .
ZOOM .
.
.;.
85
; Zoom Realtime
.
ZOOM real time
.
.
View > Zoom > Realtime (. . 4.3),
Zoom Realtime (. . 4.4), ZOOM real
time. ZOOM. Enter
. ,
.
,
100 %, .
, . , , , .
, Enter Esc.
,

. ,
( ) .
,
.

(+) ,
.
( ) (-). .
Zoom Window . .

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ZOOM Window :
86
: 4.

time>: _W
Specify f i r s t c o r n e r : ;
Specify opposite corner: .
| Zoom Dynamic .
. ZOOM Dynamic
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.
; . , X, , .

. Enter , , . ,
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1 Zoom Scale . , . :
Q ;
Q ;
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ZOOM Scale :
time>: _S
Enter a scale factor (nX or n X P ) : .
, . , 1, . .
.
2, , 1,
0.5, .
.;.
87
. , 2, 0 . 5. 1
.
Zoom Center
. ZOOM Center
:
[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Sca-le/Window/Object] <real
time>: _C
Specify center p o i n t : ;
Enter magnification or h e i g h t : .
.
.
, .

.
Zoom Object , . ZOOM Object , , :
time>: _0
Select objects: .
Zoom In . ZOOM 2 :
time>: 2x
Zoom Out . ZOOM . 5 :
time>: .5x
88
4.
) Zoom All ,
. ZOOM A l l
. ,
. . , .
.
Zoom Extents , . ZOOM Extents
, . ;
. , ZOOM
, .
Zoom Previous . , .
ZOOM Previous. , .
AutoCAD 10 .
, , , .
Z1-Z3 2.

Zoom
Z1
Window ^. View - Zoom
Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or

[All/Center/.../Previous/Scale/Window] <real time>: _w
Specify first corner: 1
Specify opposite corner: 2
Zoom PreVIOUS *

Zoom All
89
Z2

[All/Center/.../Scale/Window] <real time>: _all

Zoom Realtime LJ
[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window] <reaf timeX
Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right-click to display shortcut menu.
, .
Una , .
1&" Exit u/iu
CSC
Pan Realtime .
PAN . . Pan Realtime
,
View > Pan > Realtime.

PAN.
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. -
90
: 4.
, . -.
;
Enter Esc.
1 2.
Pan Realtime ^
Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right-click to display shortcut menu.

, .
{&*- Exit Esc

Aerial View, . 4.5, View > Aerial
View. . Aerial View , ,
.
. 4.5.
* 91
AutoCAD , . Aerial
View
AutoCAD.
.
. .
Aerial View, , , , . AutoCAD .
Aerial View
. , . .
. .

,
.
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( ) . , , .

. AutoCAD , .
REDRAWALL .
View > Redraw.
REGEN, View > Regen View > Regen All.

. , .
, .
92
4.
DRAWORDER, Modify II Draw Order,

. 4.6, 4.7, Tools > Draw Order > Bring to Front
Tools > Draw Order > Send to Back. .
. 4.6. Modify II
. 4.7. Draw Order
Bring Above Object Send Under Object

.

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Object Snap (. 5.1).
. 5.1.
,
Shift.
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. , AutoCAD . Temporary Tracking Point
AutoCAD ORTHO

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95
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Enter AutoCAD ,
, .
Temporary Tracking Point .
, Temporary Tracking Point , .
Temporary Tracking Point

.
AutoCAD
, Enter.
.
| Snap From .
From , .
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.

Snap to Endpoint (, . .).
, , .
E n d p o i n t
, , () .
L5 2.
96
* 5.
( L5
Line
LINE Specify first point: . ENDpoint /
Specify next point or [Undo]: . ENDpoint ^ 2

Specify next point or [Undo]: Enter

Snap to Midpoint (, . .).
. . Midpoint , .
, ,
. Midpoint .
L6 2.

(L6
Line /"
. MIDpoint
. MiDpoint / 2
Enter
97
Snap to Intersection (,
, , . .).
Intersection
, .
,
.
, .
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.
.
, .
Intersection . , AutoCAD
,
.
Extended Intersection
Intersection.
L8 2.
(|_8
Line /
LINE Specify first point: . INTersection
X I
Specify next point or [Undo]: . INTersection vv 2

Specify next point or [Undo]; Enter
4 . 1039
98
: 5.

:| Snap to Apparent Intersection .
Apparent Intersection , .
, . , Intersection.
Apparent Intersection : Apparent
Intersection Extended Apparent Intersection.
, .
A p p a r e n t Intersection
, , . , AutoCAD , .
Extended Apparent Intersection .
, AutoCAD ,
.
Extended Apparent Intersection Apparent Intersection; ,
. , .
L9 2.
L9
Line /
LINE Specify first point: . Apparent intersection . 1,2
Specify next point or [Undo]: .& Apparent Intersection
X, . 3.4
99

! Snap to Extension .
, , . Apparent Intersection
, . (+)
. . Apparent Intersection,
.

Snap to Center , .
Center ,
, .
, . , .
L7 2.
()
Line /
LINE Specify first point: . CENter 1
Specify next point or [Undo]: . CENter (g 2
Specify next point or [Undo]: . CENter : 3
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: Close
| Snap to Quadrant (,
0, 90, 180 270 ) , .
. , , , .
100 *
5.
1 Snap to Tangent , ,
, .
Tangent , ,
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Tangent
Deferred Tangent,
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Deferred Tangent . , ,
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From Tangent
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Enter
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* 101
Snap to Perpendicular , .
Perpendicular , , , , .
Perpendicular , , . -
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, Perpendicular .
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L13 2.
Line /
LINE Specify first point: . NODe
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Snap to Parallel .
,
.
102 : 5.
. .
, . , . .

, Intersection Apparent Intersection.

Snap to Insert , , , ( ) ( ).
, , AutoCAD
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.

( Snap to Node , POINT.
, ,
.
L11 2.
/ /\
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Line /
LINE Specify first point: . NODe ; '".'
Specify next point or [Undo]: . NODe :>
Specify next point or [Undo]: . NODe
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: . NODe |

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: . NODe '>
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: Close
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4
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Snap to Nearest ,
.
L10 2.

Line. /
LINE Specify first point: . NEArest ^ I
Specify next point or [Undo]: . NEArest /?'. 2
Specify next point or [Undo]: . NEArest js? }
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: Enter

|jf Snap to None .

JUJJ Object Snap Settings Object Snap Drafting Settings (. 5.2). Tools > Drafting Settings...
, OSNAP
Settings...

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, Drafting
Settings.
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Autosnap Settings Drafting Options, Options... Drafting Settings
Toots > Options... (. . 1.25).
, AutoCAD , . , , , .
, Tab. , Q u a d r a n t Center,
* 105
, Tab
: .
AutoTrack
.
.
.
, .
:
.
POLAR OTRACK .
Drafting Options, Toots > Options....
AutoTrack Settings :
Q Display polar tracking vector . , ;
Display full-screen tracking, vector

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Display AutoTrack tooltip , .

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Alignment Point Acquisition:
Automatic .
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Q Shift to acquire Shift
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TRACKPATH POLARMODE .
106 : 5.

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Shift.

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* 107
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F10 POLAR .
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90. ,
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Intersection
Apparent Intersection.
ORTHO , , X
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108 *
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AutoCAD ,
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| POINT , Draw Point

Point Draw.
(. 2). POINT:
Current ppint modes:
;
PDMODE=33 PDSIZE=10.0000
Specify a point: .
, ,
. , .
PDMODE, PDSIZE. PDSIZE , , ,
.
.
Pont
. 5.4.
* 109
PDMODE PDSIZE
Point Style, . 5.4. Format > Point Style.... Point Size:.
, Set Size Relative to Screen,
, Set Size in Absolute
Units, .

AutoCAD .
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LINE , Draw > Line

Line Draw.
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LINE:
Specify f i r s t point: ;
Specify 'next point or [Undo] : .
LINK . ,
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Specify next point or [ Close/Undo ]:.
Enter (. 5.5).
'
110 *
5.
. 5.5.
LINE:
Q Close ;
Q Undo .
LINE L1-L13 2
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XLINE:
Specify a point or
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Specify through point:

Specify through p o i n t :
XLINE:
Q , ;
Q Ver , ;
Q Ang .
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Q Bisect , . , - .
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Q O f f s e t . , - . , , , .
||| RAY, , Draw > Ray
Ray .
112 : 5.
. , . ,
, .
. ,
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RAY:
Specify start p o i n t : ;
Specify through p o i n t : , .
~|| PLINE, ,
Draw > Polyline Polyline Draw.
.
, , . , .
. , , .
, , .
PLINE:
Specify s t a r t p o i n t : ;
Current line-width is 0 . 0000 0.0000;
Specify next point or
;
[Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:-
Specify next point .or
[Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:
PLINE .
Enter . Enter . PLINE:
Q Arc ;
Q Close .
, . , . ;
* 113
Half width , ;
Q L e n g t h ,
;
Q Undo ;
Q Width . AutoCAD .
.
. ; ,
,
.
PLINE :
Specify next point or [Ar/HaIfwidth/Length/Undo/Width3: ARC
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Specify endpoint of arc or [Angle/Center/Close/Direction/
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PLINE :
Q Angle .
. , ;
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Q CLose ;
Q Direction ;
Q Half width ;
Q Line ;
Q Radius ;
Q Second pt . , ;
Q Undo ;
Q Width .
, , ARC (.
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. , ,
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114 : 5.
1-4 3 2.
Pline
( P1
Draw
- Polyline
Specify start point: 230,10 1
Current line-width is 0.0000 ( )
Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Widlh]: w

Specify starting width <0.0000>: 1

Specify ending width <1.0000>: 1

Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 290,30 2
Specify next joint or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: w


Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Widthj: 380,60 3
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Widthj: <Enter>
'.!!>.
V """
^^^'
Pline
J5
Specify start point:

Current line-width is 0.0000
Specify next point or [Arc/Holfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:
Specify starting width <0.0000>:
Specify ending width <1.0000>:
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfidth/Length/Undo/Width]:
Specify endpoint of arc or
[Angle/CEnter/CLose/.../Second pt/Undo/Width]:
Specify included angle:
Specify endpoint of arc or [CEnter/Radius]:
Specify center Mint of arc:
[Angle/CEnter/CLose/.../Second pt/Undo/Width]:
Specify endpoint of arc or[Angle/CEnter/CLose/.../Second pt/Undo/Width]:
X.
( 2
230,10 1
( )
w

0

15

Arc
Ang
70
Cen
270,60
350,10 4
<Enter>
: 115
Pline J>
Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Widthj: w

Specify storting width <0.0000>: 2


Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: Arc

[Angle/CEnter/CLose/.../Second pt/Undo/Width]: Center
Specify center point of arc: @0,30
Specify endpoint of ore or [Angle/Length]: @0,30 2
[Angle/CEnter/CLose/.../Second pt/Undo/Width]: Close
( P4
Pline _
Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: w



Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Holfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 260,60 ?
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Holfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: Arc

[Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/.../Second pt/Undo/Width]: Dir
Specify the tangent direction for the start point of arc: 270
Specify endpoint of the arc: 360,60 3

[Angle/CEnter/.../Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width]: Line

Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 390,60 <
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: <Enter>
116 * 5.
_
0,8

MLINE, ,
Draw > Multiline Multiline .
,
(. 5.6). ,
. ( ).
; . , , .
. 5.6.
* 117
MLINE:
Current settings: J u s t i f i c a t i o n = Top, Scale = 2 0 . 0 0 , Style =
STANDARD : , , ;
Specify start point or [Justification/Scale/STyle]: ;
Specify next point: ;
MLINE:
Q J u s t i f i c a t i o n :
, Zero , Bottom . , ;
Scale . , Offset, ;
Q Style .
Multiline Styles, Format > Multiline Style... (. 5.7). Load... ; Save...,
Add. Name:. STANDARD.
' :
: [STANDARD
.'Ill
. 5.7.
118 : 5.
Element Properties (. 5.8):
Offset ;
Q Linetype...
;
Q Color...
.
Add ;[:;!'-i0.ele>.'::
liiEj'li
S L&,, ; :':;
.^.;.;.v:;:y:.^.;..^^j
,:-,,
|0,5
MOT
. 5.8.
Multiline Properties (. 5.9):

Fill On
;
Q Caps ;
An-gle .
acad.mln.
. 5.9.
CMLSTYLE .
* 119
! POLYGON, , Draw > Polygon

Polygon Draw.
;
3 1024 . ,
, ,
. ,
.
POLYGON:
Enter number of sides < default > : ;
Specify center of polygon or [Edge} : .
POLYGON:
Q Edge .
POLYGON :
Specify f i r s t endpoint of edge: ;
Specify second endpoint of edge: .
POLYGON :
Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>: ;
Specify radius of circle: ,
:
Q Inscribed in circle , ;
Q Circumscribed about circle , .
,
.
. .
Pg1-Pg3 Re 1 2.
120 * 5.

Polygon
Draw
Enter number of sides <4>:

Specify center of polygon or [Edge]:
Specify first endpoint of edge:
Specify second endpoint of edge:
- Polygon

1
2
Polygon
Enter number of sides <4>: 5

Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: 310,60 1
Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <l>: i

Specify radius of circle: 50
R50
Polygon
Enter number of sides <4>: 3

Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: 310,60
1
Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <l>:

Specify radius of circle: 30
R30

Rectang !
* 121
Re1
Draw- Rectangle
Specify first corner point or

[Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: 1
Specify other corner point: 2
SKETCH, ,
.
. , . , .
. ,
. .
. ; .
SKETCH:
Record increment <default>: ;
Sketch. Pen eXit Quit Record Erase Connect.

,
CELTYPE Continuous. ,
, ,
.
, ORTHO
SNAP, .
Sk1 2.
122 * 5.

Sketch
Record increment <1.0000>:
1

Sketch. Pen eXit Quit Record Erase Connect.
<Pen down>

<Pen up>

8 polylines with 275 edges recorded.
<Enter>
SPLINE , Draw > Spline Spline Draw.

,
. AutoCAD
- NURBS. NURBS ,
. , .
,
.
, . , ,
, .
SPLINE:
Specify f i r s t point or [ O b j e c t ] : ;
Specify next p o i n t : ;
[Close/Fit tolerance]
<start tangent>:
[Close/Fit tolerance]
<start tangent>:
.
; ,
* 123
. ,
, , .
, ; .
1 CIRCLE, ,
Draw > Circle Circle Draw.
.
.
, . . ,
, , (
).
CIRCLE:
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius) ] : ;
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] : .
CIRCLE:
Q 3 , . CIRCLE :
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan r a d i u s ) ] :
3P ;
Specify f i r s t point on circle : ;
Specify second point on c i r c l e : ;
Specify third point on circle : .
2 , . CIRCLE :
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius') ] :
2P ;
Specify f i r s t end point of c i r c l e ' s diameter: ;
Specify second end point of c i r c l e ' s diameter:
.
124 * 5.
Q Ttr .
CIRCLE :
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)] :
TTR ;
Specify point on object for f i r s t tangent of circle :
, ;
Specify point on object for second tangent of circle:
, ;
Specify radius of circle <default>: .
1-8 2 2.
(1
Circle
Draw
"- //
Specify center point for circle

or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]:
320, 90 6' 1
60
Circle
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:
Specify first end point of circle's diameter:
Specify second end point of circle's diameter:
2P
320,30
320,150
Circle :
Specify center point
Specify first end
Specify second end
Specify second end
for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: 3P

point of circle's diameter: 320,30
1
point of circle's diameter: 380,90
2
point of circle's diameter: 320,150 3
Circle
Specify
Specify
Specify
Specify
center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: TTR

point on object for first tangent of circle: 1
point on object for second tangent of circle: 2
radius of circle: 15
5)
Circle
Specify
Specify
Specify
Specify
center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: TTR

point on object for first tangent of circle: 1
point on object for second tangent of circle: 2
radius of circle: 50
* 125
126 * 5.
, (6
Circle G)
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr]: V;
oo. INTersection <\
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: ^. 2
. TANgent
Circle
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: 2P

Specify first end point of circle's diameter:
/" 1
oS. ENOpoint
Specify second end point of circle's diameter:
/ 2
. ENDpoint
J
(8
Circle
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:
o5. CENter @ 1
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: 50
.> 127
POST
RIO
jjj ARC, , Draw > Arc

Arc Draw.
. : , . , , , . , .
.
ARC:
Center ;
End ;
Q Angle ;
chord Length ;
Direction ;
Q Radius .
ARC.
Q 3Point , . ARC:
Specify start point of arc or [CEnter] : ;
Specify second point of arc or [CEnter/ENd] :
;
Specify end point of arc: .
128 : 5.
Q Start, Center, E n d , . . :
Specify start point of arc or
;
[CEnter] :

;
Specify center point of arc: ;
Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord L e n g t h ] : .
Start, Center, A n g l e , .

; , . :
;
[CEnter] :
Specify second point of arc or

;
[CEnter/ENd]:

Specify end point of arc or
;
[Angle/chord L e n g t h ] : A
Specify included angle: .

Q Start, Center, Length ,
. , ( , 180). , . :
;
[CEnter] :

;
Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord L e n g t h ] :
;
Specify length of c h o r d : .
* 129
Q Start, End, Angle ,

. , , . :
Specify second point of arc or [CEnter/ENd] : E
' ;
Specify end point of arc: ;
Specify center point of arc or [ A n g l e / D i r e c t i o n / R a d i u s ] :
;
Specify included: .
Q Start, End, Direction ,
. :
;
[CEnter/ENd]:

Specify center point of arc or [ A n g l e / D i r e c t i o n / R a d i u s ] :
;
Specify tangent direction for the start point of arc:

.
Q Start, End, Radius ,
. . :
;
;
[CEnter] :
[CEnter/ENd]:

Specify center point of arc or [Angle /Direction / R a d i u s ] : R
;
Specify radius of arc: .
Q Center, Start,
. :
5 . 1039
End ,
130 *
5.

Specify start point of a r c : ;
Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length] : .
Q Center, Start, Angle , .
:
Specify start point of arc or [CEnter]: ;
Specify center point of arc: Specify start point of a r c : ;
Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: A
;
Specify included angle: .
Q Center, Start, Length ,
. :
Specify start point of arc or [CEnter]: ;
Specify start point of arc: ;
Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]: L
;
Specify length of chord: .
Q ArcCont:
.

.
, . :
Specify end point of arc: .
1-5 2.

'?*'. Draw
~ Arc
Specify start point of arc or [CEnter]:
- J
Points
320,130 1
380,70
Specify end point of arc: 260,70
Specify second point of arc or [CEnter/ENd]:

,
Arc ..
St,C,Ang

Specify center point of arc:
Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]:
Specify included angle:
240,70 1
300,70 2
a
270
,
Arc f~
St.C.Len

Specify center point of arc:
Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]:
Specify length of chord:
L = - > 180
L= 100 < 180 -
290,80 I
350,80 2
L
100

* 131
132 *
5.

Arc
(4
St,E,Rad
Specify start point of arc or [CEnter]: 290,70 1

Specify second point of arc or [CEnter/ENd]: e
Specify end point of arc: 370,120 2
Specify center point of arc or [Angle/Direction/Radius]: r
Specify radijs of arc: 60
R=-60 dyza > 180

R= 60 < 180
(5
Arc
St.E.Dir
Specify start point of arc or [CEnter]: 270,60 1

Specify second point of arc or [CEnter/ENd]: e
Specify end point of arc: 350,110 2
Specify center point of arc or [Angle/Direction/Radius]: d
Specify tangent direction for the start point of arc: 60
D=-60 no
D- 90
2
jfl
ELLIPSE, ,
Draw > Ellipse Ellipse
Draw.
, , -
.

, .
, .
.
* 133
ELLIPSE:
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center] : ;

Specify other endpoint of a x i s : ;
Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: .
ELLIPSE:
Q Center . :
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center] : ;
Specify center of ellipse: ;
Specify endpoint of axis : ;
Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: .
Q Arc . ,
, . .
.
ANGDIR. 0, ; 1 .
, . , . :
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center] : A ;
Specify axis endpoint of elliptical arc or [Center] :
;
Specify other endpoint of axis : ;
Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: ;
Specify start angle or [Parameter] : ;
Specify end angle or [Parameter/Included a n g l e ] : .
EH 2.
134 *
5.

Ellipse
Draw- Ellipse
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: 250,30
Specify other endppint of axis: 360,100 2

Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: 20
< DONUT , Draw > Donut

Donut.

. . , .
, .
Enter. , .
DONUTID, DONUTOD.
FILLMODE.
DONUT:
Specify inside diameter of donut <default>:
;
Specify outside .diameter of donut < d e f a u l t > :
;
Specify center of donut or <exit>: ;
Specify center of donut or < e x i t > : ;
Specify center of donut or <exit>:
Enter.
DO1 2.
135
()
Donut @
DfOW ~- Donut
Specify inside diameter of donut:
40
Specify outside diameter of donut:.
50
290,40
<Enter>

AutoCAD .
, ,
, , .
, . , . , Standard,
.
|
Text Style, Format > Text Style... (. 5.10).
;
;
2
|
|
i*K:.
k^,
^|||
IllllSil
lliibsffiiil!
. 5.10.
136 *
5.
New...
New Text Style, . 5.11.
. , Text Style , , .
. 5.11.
Font Font Name: , (, simplex.shx).

SHX- AutoCAD,
TrueType. (, ).
Rename...,
Rename Text Style.
Effects :
d Upside down 180
;
Q Backwards 180
;
rj Vertical ,
;
Q Width Factor: / ,
;
Oblique Angle:
, , , .
85.
Preview.
Height:
. ,
Height: . , 0.
Text Style. , . ,
.
* 137

, , .
, ,
. ,
. , , DTEXT TEXT .
.
DTEXT, , Draw > Text > Single Line Text
Single Line Text.
DTEXT ,
. Enter.
,
.
DTEXT:
Current text style: "Standard" Text height: 2 . 5 ;
Specify start point of text or
;
[ J u s t i f y / S t y l e ] : -
Specify height <de f au lt>: ;

Specify rotation angle of text <0>: ;
Enter t e x t : ;
Enter text: ;
Enter text: Enter .
Specify height <default>:
,
.
.
.
,
.
, . , . .
, ,
.
138 : 5.
DTEXT:
Q Style ;
rj J u s t i f y . Justify DTEXT
:
Current text style: "Standard" Text height: 2 .5000 ;
Specify start point of text or [ J u s t i f y / S t y l e ] : J .
Enter an option [Align/Fit/Center/Middle/Right/TL/TC/TR/ML/MC/
MR/BL/BC/BR]:
:
Q Align ,
. ,
.
A l i g n DTEXT :
Specify start point of text or [ J u s t i f y / S t y l e ] : J ;
MR/BL/BC/BR] : A ;
Specify f i r s t endpoint of text baseline:
;
S p e c i f y second endpoint of text baseline:
;
Enter text: ;
Enter text: ;
Enter text: Enter .
Q Fit , . , . Fit DTEXT :
Current text s t y l e : "Standard" Text height: 2 . 5 ;
.;. 139
Enter an option [Align/Fit/Center/Middle/Right/TL/TC/TR/ML/MC/MR/
BL/BC/BR] : F ,
;
Specify f i r s t endpoint of text baseline:
;
Specify second endpoint of text baseline:
;
.'
Specify height <2 .500 0> : ;
Enter text: ;
Enter text: ;
Enter text: Enter .
D Center . Center DTEXT :
Enter an option [ A l i g n / F i t / C e n t e r / M i d d l e / R i g h t / T L / T C / T R / M L / M C /
MR/BL/BC/BR] : ;
Specify center point of text: ;
Specify height <2 . 500 0>: ;
Specify rotation angle of text <0> : ;
Enter text: ;
Enter text: ;
Enter text: Enter .
Q Middle .
, , ,
, , . , , . Middle DTEXT :
140 : 5.
MR/BL/BC/BR]: M ,
;
Specify middle point of text: ;
Specify rotation angle of text <0>: ;
Enter text: ;
Enter t e x t : ;
Enter text: Enter .
Right . Right DTEXT :
Current text s t y l e : "Standard" Text height: 2 . 5 ;
Specify start point of text or [ J u s t i f y / S t y l e s ] : J ;
MR/BL/BC/BR] : R , ;
Specify right endpoint of text baseline:
;
Specify rotation angle of text < 0 > : ;
Enter text: ;
Enter text: ;
Enter text: Enter .
Q TL , ;
Q , ;
Q TR , ;
* 141
ML , ;
Q , ;
Q MR , ;
Q BL , ;
, ;
BR , .
1-7 2.

_
Utext t\l
Current text style:
__ Single Line Text
"
Text height:
5.0000
Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]: 240, 40 1

Specify height <5.0000>: 20

Specify rotation angle of text <0>: 0
Enter text:
Enter text:
Enter text: <Enter>
,.

Dtext A!
Current text style: "1 Text height:
5.0000
Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]: Jus
Enter an option
[Align/Fit/Center/Middle/Right/TL/.../BC/BR]: Align
Specify first endpoint of text baseline:
240,40
Specify second endpoint of text baseline:

390,40
2
Enter text:

Enter text:

Enter text: <Enter>
142 *
5.
, (J3
Dtext !
Current text style: "" Text height:
5.0000
Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]:
Jus
Enter an option
[Align/Fit/Center/Middle/Right/TL/.../BC/BR]: Center no
Specify center point of text: 310,40 7


Enter text:
Enter text:
Enter text:

<Enter>
,_
, ^4
Dtext Al
Current text style:
""
Text height: 5.0000
Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]: Jus
Enter an option
[Align/Fit/Center/Middle/Right/TL/.../BC/BR]: Fit
no
Specify first endpoint of text baseline:
240,40
1
Specify second endpoint of text baseline: 380,40
2

Enter text: ,
Enter text:
Enter text: <Enter>
/ --
* '
Dtext
Current text style:
""
Text height:
Enter an option
5.0000
Jus
[Align/Fit/Center/Midd!e/Right/TL/.../BC/BR]: Middle no
Specify middle point of text: 310,40
1


Enter text: ,
Enter text:
Enter text: <Enter>
7
,

,
Dtext ;A[
Current text style;
''
Text height:
Enter an option
* 143
5.0000
Jus
[Align/Fit/Center/Middle/Right/TL/.../BC/BR]: Right
Specify middle point of text: 310,40

1


Enter text: ,
Enter text:
Enter text: <Enter>
,

J

Style
Format -Text Style...
Text Style 1""'"<-. "" I

Style Name:
Font Name : simplex. shx
Oblique Angle ( ) : 15
Height () : 0 ( III)
Dtext , .
\

.
, . .
, .
. , , , , , , .
, .
,
144 *
5.
;
, , .
!|S , , Draw > Text > Multiline Text...
Multiline Text Draw.
:
Current text style: "Standard" Text height: 10.0000
;
Specify f i r s t c o r n e r : ;
Specify opposite corner or[Height/Justify/Line spacing/Rotation/
Style/Width] : .
,
Text Formattinq
(. 5.12).
Multiline Text
. 5.12.
Text Formatting :
Q Style , .
, .
(, , . .).
, , SHX, : ,
^ , . TEXTSTYLE;
Q Font . TrueType
. AutoCAD SHX, ;
Q Text Height
. ,
. , TEXTS IZE;
* 145
Bold . , TrueType;
Q Italic . ,
TrueType;
Underline ;
Q Undo ;
Redo ;
Stack .
, : , /
#. , ,
; /
,
;
I ,
; , .
, Stack .
,
, , ;
Color . ByLayer, ,
, , , ByBlock,
, ;
OK (Ctrl+Enter) .
, . Esc.
, ,
, ,
. .
, , Undo,.Redo, Cut, Copy Paste, . :
Indents and Tabs... Indents and Tabs,
. 5.13. , .
;
Set Mtext Width , . Set Mtext Width,
. 5.14. ;
146 : 5.
. 5.13.
BfflSet Mtext Width
. 5.14.
Q Justification . Top Left.
.
/.
, . :
Top Left ;
Middle Left ;
Bottom Left ;
Top Center ;
Middle Center ;
Bottom Center ;
Top Right ;
Middle Right ;
Bottom Right ;
Q Find and Replace... Replace, ;
Select All ;
Q C h a n g e Case . , : UPPERCASE Ctrl+Shift+U lowercase Ctrl+Shift+L;
Q AutoCAPS . .
,
Change Case;
* 147
Q Remove Formatting ,
;
Q Combine Paragraphs .
;
Q Symbol . Other... , . ,
, ; .
Paste. , %%, ;
Q Import Text... Select file.
ASCII RTF.
, , .
32 ;
Q Background Mask... Background Mask...;
Q Help .
.
, , .
, , , . .
:
Q (/)
, ;
Q (#) , ;
Q () , .
, 1#3 - ,
.
, -,
.

, - ( ,
148 *
5.
) .
, -, , Stack Text Formatting.
, .
Windows AutoCAD,
. ,
AutoCAD
Windows.
ASCII- RTF-, ,
, . ,

, ,
. AutoCAD;
, AutoCAD . .
,
. .
. ,
, .
,
, . AutoCAD .
. , , :
, . ,
;
Q ; , , ;
.
,
AutoCAD ,
. .
* 149
, , ,
.
.
:
,
Q , 0,
ByLayer, ,
;
, ByBlock, ;
, , .
. , 0 ByBlock,

, , ,
0.
. AutoCAD (),
, , , .
. AutoCAD
, .
, ,
.
. . X, Y, Z .
AutoCAD , .

, ,
. , . , , : , .
AutoCAD. , , , .
150 : 5.
, DIRECT, LIGHT, AVE_RENDER, RM_SDB, SH_SPOT OVERHEAD
.
> BLOCK . Draw > Block > Make...
Make Block Draw.
Block Definition (. 5.15).
Kit""
'"'
:(
. 5.15.
Block Definition :
Q Name: ;
Q Objects Select objects , . .
Enter, . QuickSelect,
;
Q Objects
:
Retain ;
Convert to block ;
Delete ;
Base point Pick point ;
* 151
Q Description
;
Q Preview icon , :
Do not include an icon ,
, ;
Create icon from block geometry , , .
.
, AutoCAD, WBLOCK. Write Block (. 5.16),
:
Q Block: , ;
Q Entire drawing ;
Q Objects , ;
Q Pick point Base point ;
Q Select objects Objects ;
Q . , WBLOCK ;
Insert units: , AutoCAD.
.
I
if! sfiilStf
lllfciil
'.I'V! '
. 5.16.
152 * 5.
3.

Block
Draw
~-BldCk
-~-Mdke...
Block Definition Name:
, : Hammer.
* ??".
Specify insertion base point: 1
^**-**-*: .
Select objects:
Select objects: Enter
s

' i ' >.

| INSERT
.
INSERT Insert > Block...
Insert Draw.
Insert (. 5.17).
. 5.17.
Name:.
Insertion point, Scale Rotation
Specify On-screen, INSERT :
Specify insertion point or [ S c a l e / X / Y / Z / R o t a t e / P s c a l e / P X / P Y / P Z /
PRotate ] : ;
Enter X scale factor, specify opposite corner, or

<1>: X;
* 153
[Corner/XYZ]
Enter Y scale factor <use X scale factor>: ;

Specify rotation angle <0>: .
,
.
,
X Y. Corner, Other corner:
.
Y
, X.
, .
.
, AutoCAD
. 90, ORTHO.
AutoCAD , .
11 3.

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Insert
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Insert 6 Name:
, , :
Detal. Tree, .
Specify insertion point or [Scale/X/Y/Z/Rotate/PScale/
/PX/PY/PZ/PRotate]:
<-"
jpl EXPLODE .
EXPLODE Modify > Explode
Explode Modify.
AutoCAD . -
154 *
5.
. , Insert Explode.
1 3.
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Erase. &
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Select objects: ( 7 2).
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6
Select objects:
Enter
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156 * 6.
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Draw > Hatch... Hatch
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Boundary Hatch and Fill, . 6.1.
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Pick Points. :
Select internal point: ;
Selecting everything. . . ;
Selecting everything v i s i b l e . . .
;
A n a l y z i n g the selected data. . .
;
A n a l y z i n g internal i s l a n d s . . . ;
Select internal p o i n t : ;
A n a l y z i n g internal islands . . . ;
Select internal p o i n t : Enter
.
* 159
, Enter.
AutoCAD , , Boundary Definition Error .
Select objects.
, ,
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. 6.4. ,

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Ignore
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Outer
Normal, Ignore Outer Island detection style

Advanced Boundary Hatch (. 6.7).
160 * 6.
. 6.7.
, , ,
, AutoCAD . , , , , .
, Ignore.
(. . 1.28), .
1 2 2.

Hatch
Draw
(1
Hatch...
Boundary Hatch Pattern: [J .

Hatch Pattern Palette ANSI.
ANSI ANSI31.
. Boundary Hatch Scale: 2.
*"|: , I , Enter.
Boundary Hatch .

Hatch "
: 161
(2
8 Boundary Hatch Pattern: .

6 . Hatch Pattern Palette Other Predefined.
Other Predefined ESCHER.
. Boundary Hatch Scale: 1.
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Boundary Hatch .

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160
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DIMLINEAR ,
. Dimension > Linear
Linear Dimension
Dimension.
DIMLINEAR:
Specify f i r s t extension line origin or <select object>:
;
Specify second extension line origin: ;
Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/
Vertical/Rotated] : ;
Dimension text = .
Enter, DIMLINEAR :
Specify f i r s t extension line origin or <select object>:
Enter ;
Select object to d i m e n s i o n : ;
Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/
Vertical/Rotated] : ;
Dimension text = .
DIMLINEAR:
Q Mtext .
;
Q Text . :
Enter dimension text < >:
.
Q Angle . :
* 165
Specify angle of dimension t e x t :

.
Q Horizontal ,
X;
Q Vertical , ;
d Rotated , .
:
Specify angle of dimension line <0>: .
R1-R3 2.

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l*~*
Dimension
- Linear
Specify first extension line origin or <select object>: 1

Specify second extension line origin': 2
Specify dimension line location or
[Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]:
Dimension text = 130
130 .
3
' 2

Dim linear |~-
^
R2
Dimension - Linear
Specify first extension line origin or <select objectX
/
Specify second extension line origin: 2
Enter dimension text <70>: 230

Dimension text = 70
166 * 6.

Dim linear hi
Dimension
~-Linear
Specify first extension line origin or <select object>: 1

[Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]: R
Specify angle of dimension line <0>: 135
Dimension text = 42

JU DIMALIGNED , ; .
, .
D i m e n s i o n > A l i g n e d
Aligned Dimension Dimension.
DIMALIGNED:
Specify f i r s t extension line origin or <select. object>:
;
Specify second extension line origin:
;
Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle] :

;
Dimension text = .

. ,
.
.
, .
DIMBASELINE .
Dimension > Baseline Baseline Dimension Dimension.
* 167
DIMBASELINE:
Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>: ;
Dimension text = ;
Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>: ;
Dimension text = ;
Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select]
lect>: ;
<Se-
Dimension text = ;
Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>: Enter;
Select base dimension:
Enter .

Enter, ,
. :
Select base dimension: .
DIMBASELINE.

DIMDLI.
R4-R5 2.

Dima/igned 'V
Dimension Aligned
(R4
Specify first extension line origin or <select objectx 1

[Mtext/Text/Angle]:
168 : 6.
R5)
Dimbaseline ~
Dimension,*-Baseline
Select base dimension: 1

Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>: 2
Specify second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>:
Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>: Enter
Select base dimension: Enter
7 70
130
80
80

JH DIMCONTINUE .
Dimension > Continue
Continue Dimension Dimension.
DIMCONTINUE:
Specify second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>: ;
Dimension text = ;
Specify second extension line origin or- [Undo/Select] <Select>: ;
Dimension text = ;
Specify second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>: ;
Dimension text = ;
Specify second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>: Enter;
Select continued dimension: Enter .
*

Enter, ,
.
* 169
:
Select continued dimension: .
DIMCONTINUE.
R6 2.

Dimcont/nue ~"|
Dimension
"~ tinue
Select continued dimension: 1
Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>: 2
Dimension text = 50
Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>:
Dimension text = 40
Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>: Enter
Select continued dimension: Enter
40
5
50
80
80

DIMDIAMETER . Dimension > Diameter Diameter Dimension Dimension.
DIMDIAMETER:
Select arc or circle: ;
Dimension text = ;
Specify dimension line location or [ M t e x t / T e x t / A n g l e ] :
.
0.

.
, , , , , .
- .
R7 2.
170 * 6.

R7
Dim diameter >S'

Dimension Diameter
Select arc or circle: 1

Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]: 2
jjj DIMRADIUS, ,
Dimension > Radius Radius Dimension Dimension.
DIMRADIUS DIMDIAMETER.
R.
R8 2.

R8
Dimradius ()
Dimension
Select ore or circle:
-~RadiuS
1
Dimension text = 54
Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]:

jjj DIMANGULAR . Dimension > A n g u l a r A n g u l a r Dimension Dimension.
* 171
DIMANGULAR:
Select arc, circle, line, or <specify vertex>: ,,
;
Select second line: ,
, ;
Specify dimension arc line location or
;
[Mtext/Text/Angle]:
Dimension text = .
Enter,
DIMANGULAR :
Specify angle vertex: ;
Specify f i r s t angle endpoint: ;
Specify second angle e n d p o i n t : ;
Specify dimension arc line location or
;
[Mtext/Text/Angle]:
Dimension text = .
. .
, . , AutoCAD
. 180.
R9 2.

Dimongular -^
Dimension
Angular
Select arc, circle, line, or <specify vertex>: 1
Select second line: 2
Specify dimension arc line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]:
172 *
6.

(, ). ,
.
. X X,
Y. ,
AutoCAD , . .
, . .
- - , ORTHO.
DIMORDINATE . Dimension > Ordinate Ordinate Dimension Dimension.
DIMORDINATE:
Specify feature location: ;
Specify leader endpoint or [ X d a t u m / Y d a t u m / M t e x t / T e x t / A n g l e ] : , ;

, ;
Dimension text = .

Ji^ QLEADER, ,
Dimension > Leader Quick
Leader Dimension.
QLEADER:
Specify f i r s t leader point, or [Settings] <Settings>: ;
. . . . - '
/
Specify text width <0>: ;
* 173
Enter f i r s t line of annotation text <Mtext>:

;
Enter next line of annotation text:
;
Enter next line of annotation t e x t : Enter .
,
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, . , 15. .
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.
, - ,
Leader Settings:
Q Annotation, . 6.14, , . , , , . Copy an Object
, .

;
Q Leader Line & Arrow, . 6.15, : Straight Spline. Arrowhead , Angle Constraints
.
, Number of Points
;
6.
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Leader Settings
Dimension > Leader, Enter.
R11 2.

Qleader ^
DimensionLeader
Specify first leader point, or [Settings]<Settings>:
Specify next point:
Specify next point:
Specify text width <0>:
Enter first line of annotation text <Mtext>:
1
2

Enter
Enter
'
...
I
|

QDIM .
Dimension > QDIM Quick
Dimension Dimension.
QDIM:
Select geometry to dimension: ;
Select geometry to dimension: ;
Select geometry to dimension: Enter
;
Specify dimension line position, or [Continuous/Staggered/Baseline /Ordinate/Radius/Diameter/datumPoint/Edit/SeTtings]<Continuous>: .
QDIM , , .
R10 2.
176 * 6.
Dimension
R10
Quick Dimension
Select geometry to dimension:


Select geometry to dimension: Enter
Specify dimension line position, or
[Continuous/Stoggered/Baseline/Ordinate
/Radius/Diameter/datumPoint/Edit]<Continuous>:
40
I
50
2
1
2
80
4
7*
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, .
DIMSTYLE
Dimension Style Manager (. 6.17).
Dimension > Style... Dimension Style
Dimension.
:
Q ;
;
Q ;
Q ;
;
Q ;
Q ;
Q .
. .
:
Q , -,
;
Q , ;
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on Style Manager
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. 6.17.
AutoCAD . ISO-25 (International Standards Organization),

.
STANDARD ANSI (American National Standards
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. ,
.
Dimension Style Manager New.... Create New Dimension Style (. 6.18).
. 6.18.
178 * 6.
New Style Name:
New Dimension Style, . 6.19.
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, Lin 1
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. 6.19. :

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Lines and Arrows . . 6.19 :
Dimension Lines,
Dim Line 1 Dim Line 2
Suppress:;
Extension Lines,
Ext Line 1 Ext Line 2 Suppress:, a
Extend beyond dim
lines: Offset from
origin:;
Arrowheads,
/ 1st: 2nd:,
Arrow size:;
Center Marks for Circles, : Size:;
Q Text : , ,
, . . (. 6.20):
Text style: Text Appearance , .
* 179
, , ,
Text Style;
Text color: Draw frame around text;
,
, Text height:. , Text,
0;
Text Placement , .
. , Vertical:.
Centered , ; Above . X . Outside ,
X ; JIS , . .

Horizontal:. Centered ; At Ext Line 1
; At Ext
Line 2 ; Over Ext Line 1 ; Over Ext
Line 2 ;
. 6.20. ,

6.
180 *
Fit ,
(. 6.21).
:
Fit Options ,
;
Text Placement
. ,
. . .
;
Scale for Dimension Features Use overall scale of: , , ,
. , , . 1.0.
,
. Scale dimensions to layout
(paperspace), ;
Fine Tuning :
Place text manually when dimensioning ; Always draw dim line between ext lines ,
, ;
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* 181
Primary Units , (. 6.22):
&%&?.. ( ecroai Degrees' 1 1 ;
|
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Linear Dimensions , , , ,
:
Unit format: : , , ,
, Windows. ;
Precision
;
Fraction format: :
, ;
Decimal separator: : ,
. , Windows, AutoCAD , ;
Round off:
. , . , ;
Prefix: , . ,
182 * 6.
AutoCAD .
;
Suffix: , .
;
Measurement Scale :
Scale factor: (, ,
, , , , ) ;
Apply to layout dimensions only:
, ;
Primary Units ;
Alternate Units , (. 6.23).
, , . [ ]
. Display alternate units.
,|1
| Fit
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. 6.23. ,

* 183
, , , , , .
:
Multiplier for alt units: .
0,03937, ;
Placement
. Below primary value
, .
Tolerances
, ,
(. 6.24):
. 6.24. ,
Tolerance Format :
Method: . None .
, Simmetrical,
Deviation. Limits . Basic, ,
;
184 * 6.
Precision ;
Upper value:
. AutoCAD ;
Lower value:
;
Scaling for height: ;
Vertical position:
. , Middle,
Bottom.
RS1-RS6 4 2.

Dim style
'.
(RS1
Dimension
Dimension Style Manager
Lines and Arrows Arrowheads
1st: 2nd: :
Arrow size: .
3 :
1. Closed Filed ( 10)
3. Architectural Tick ( 7)
2. Dot ( 5)
< Datum Triangle ( 12)

160
760
760
760

Dimstyle ^ Dimension *-Sty/e...
Dimension Style Manager 65 .
Lines and Arrows 6 Center Marks for Circles
Type: Size: .
:
1. Line (. 50)
2. Mark ( 10)
jj
Dim ens/on *- ter Mark
Select arc or circle:
.;. 185

Dimstyle *& Dimension Style.
Dimension Style Manager '-- Qve"^''J .
Lines and Arrows 8 Extension Lines
Suppress: ()
Ext Line 1 Ext Line 2 7-0 2- .
.
140
140
(R11
Dimstyle ^ Dimension ~~Style. . .

Dimension Style Manager L4sSt,-J .
8 Lines and Arrows Arrowheads
8 1st: None.
8 2nd: Closed Filed.
.
110
RS5!
Dim style :,,^ Dimension~-Style...

Dimension Style Manager LftafeJ.
J. 6 Text 8 Text Placement
6 Vertical: Above.
6 Text Alignment ISO Standard.
.
2. Text Text Placement
Vertical: Centered.
S Text Alignment Aligned with dimension line
.
R30
186 *
6.
RS|
Dimstyle ^ Dimension
Dimension Style Manager
Text Text Appearance
fi Text style: .
Text height: 10.
6 Text Placement Offset from dim line:
5.
.
120
4
,

010
7; /
R38
R38
Q
Q
Q
Q
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AutoCAD
188 : 7.

AutoCAD . . , , , .
, .
.
HIGHLIGHT, .
, AutoCAD
. :
Select o b j e c t s : .
. , .
,
, .
. . , ,
, , , .
:
Q Add .
, ;
Q ALL , , , ;
AUto ', .
,
;
Q BOX .
, Window,
Crossing;
Crossing ,
. Select o b j e c t s :
, . , .
:
Select objects :
;
* 189
Specify f i r s t corner: ;
Specify opposite corner: .
CPolygon Crossing Wpolygon
,
. , . ; , ,
. . :
^
Select objects: CP ;
First polygon point: ;
Specify endpoint of line or [ Undo ] : ;
Specify endpoint of line or [Undo] : ;
Specify endpoint of line or [Undo] : Enter .
Fence , . , .
, . :
First fence point: ;
Specify endpoint of line or [Undo] : ;
Specify endpoint of line or [ Undo ]: ;
Specify endpoint of line or [Undo] : Enter .
Q Group ;
Q Last , ;
Multiple .
,
Enter ;
Q Previous ;
Q Remove ;
Q Single .
,
;
190 *
7.
Q Undo () ;
Q Window , . Select ob j ects : ,
;
Q WPolygon Window, , , .
PICKDRAG , .
PICKDRAG ( ),
.
,
. ,
Ctrl:, , , .

, (. 7.1).
. 7.1.
,
.
,
.
.;. 191
, .
, , , , .
Esc. , , - Shift .
GRIPBLOCK.
1, , , ,
.
DDGRIPS. Selection Options, . 1.26.
Tools > Options....
:
Q Grip Size .
;
Q Grips :
Unselected grip color:
;
Selected grip color: ;
Hover grip color: ;
Enable grips
;
Enable grips within blocks
;
Enable grip tips: .
,
.
: Move, Mirror, Rotate,
Scale Stretch.

, Enter. ,
Stretch S Enter ,
Stretch.
Command:, X Esc.

(. 7.2), .
192 : 7.
. 7.2.

Shift,
, Stretch
^ ^
Enter

ERASE () . Modify > Erase Erase
Modify.
ERASE:
Select o b j e c t s : ;
Select objects : - Enter .
-
, ^
1- 3.
Erase -^
Modify
- Erase
Select objects:
1
Select objects:
2
Select objects:
3
UOpS () - .

, Delete .
\2
...
Erase .
Select objects:
1
Specify opposite corner:
2
Select objects:
Enter
,
Window.
, .
,
Select objects: W.
k 7.
, ,

Erase .
Select objects:
7
2
,
Crossing.
, .
,
Select objects: .

7 . 1039
) )
.;. "| 93
194 * - 7.

|||| MOVE . Modify > Move Move
Modify.
MOVE:
Select objects : Enter ;
Specify base point or displacement: ;
Specify second point of displacement or <use f i r s t point as
displacement: .
1 2 3.

Move
"" Modify - *- Move

Select objects: 1
2
Specify base point or displacement: >
3 Center $
Specify second point of displacement or
<use first point as displacements 4 <*
Intersection ^S .

Command: 6 1.
, 6 ( 2).
** STRETCH **
Specify stretch point or [Base point/Copy/Undo/eXit]: 320, 50 3
Command: 4.
85 . ( 5).
** STRETCH **
Specify stretch point or [Base point/Copy/Undo/eXit]: 320, 50 3
.
Esc.
* 195

|| ROTATE . Modify > Rotate Rotate Modify.
ROTATE:
Current positive angle in UCS: ANGDIR=counterclockwise ANGBASE=0
;
Select obj ects : ;
Select objects: Enter ;
Specify base point: ;
Specify rotation angle or [Reference] : .
Reference .
:
;
Select objects: ;
Select ob j ects: Enter ;
Specify base point: ;
Specify rotation angle or [Reference]: R
;
Specify the reference angle <0>: ;
Specify the new angle: .
Ro1-Ro3 3.

Rotate
Modify*- Rotate
Current positive angle in DCS: ANGDIR=counterclockwise ANGBASE=0

Select objects:
1
Select objects:
Enter
2
,v>:
Intersection >.
Specify rotation angle or [Reference]: 45

X.
Specify base point:
196 * 7.

Rotate
Select objects:
7
Select objects:
Enter
Specify base point:
2 ^>;
Intersection /V
Specify rotation angle or [Reference]: R
Specify the reference angle <0>: 2 5.
Specify second point: 5.
Specify the new angle: 4 5.
Ro3
Command: .
, ( 1).
** STRETCH **
Specify stretch point or [Base point/Copy/Undo/eXit]: Ro
** ROTATE **
Specify rotation angle or [Base point/Copy/Undo/Reference/eXit]: 45
Esc.

|| COPY . Modify >
Modify.
:
Select obj ects : ;
Select ob j ects : Enter ;
Specify base point or displacement, or [Multiple]: ;
displacement: .
1 97
Multiple .
, ,
.
. Enter.
1 2 3.

Modify
Select objects: 1
Specify base point or displacement, or [Multiple]:
2
<use first point as displacements
- 3.
2 L '
Ld
ij
1
L3
,

Select objects:
1
Select objects:
Enter
Specify base point or displacement, or [Multiple]:
Specify base point: 2
Specify second point of displacement or .
2,
M

4
Enter
Hri

l| ARRAY . Modify > Array...
Array Modify.
Array, :
198 : 7.
Q Rectangular Array (. 7.3):
Rows: Columns: ;
Offset distance and direction, Row offset:, Columns offset: Angle
of array: ,
. , Pick Both Offset , Pick Row offset Pick Column offset
;
Cctanoltet
I Hi
. 7.3.
Q Polar Array (. 7.4):
Center Point:, X: Y: . , Pick Center Point;
Method:
: Total number of items & Angle to fill , Total n u m b e r of items & A n g l e between items
Angle to fill & Angle between items ;

: Total number of items: , Angle to fill:
, Angle between items: ;
Rotate items as copied . ,
More;
Select objects ;
* 199
Q , Preview< .
jj
. 7.4.

MIRROR . Modify > Mirror
Mirror Modify.
MIRROR:
Select objects: ;
Select obj ects : Enter ;
Specify f i r s t point of mirror l i n e : ;
Specify second point of mirror line: ;
Delete source objects? [Yes/No] < N > : :
.
, . - , .
7.
200 *

, MIRRTEXT 0. . ,
, .
MIRROR , . MIRRTEXT
, TEXT,
DTEXT, , ,
.
,
, , MIRRTEXT.
-13 3.
Mirror $
Modify
~~!
Select objects: 1
Specify first point of mirror line:
2,

Specify second point of mirror line: ,

Delete source objects? [Yes/No] <N>: Enter
2-
,.,.
Q~
/"
\Mi2,
Mirror .
Select objects: 1
Specify first point of mirror line:
2.

Spec fy second point of mirror 1 ne: 3,

Delete source objects? [Yes/No] <N>: Y
,--,
,~4
rv;
~ -'"]
> ~~ -<
( c\
c\\
r\
r\
* 201

Command: 6 .
, ( 1).
** STRETCH **
Specify stretch point or [Base point/Copy/Undo/eXit]: Mi

** MIRROR **
.
Specify second point or [Base point/Copy/Undo/eXit]: 2

Esc.

OFFSET ()
. Modify > Offset
Offset Modify.
, , , , , , , . , , ,
, . ,
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OFFSET:
Specify o f f s e t distance or [Through] <Through>:
;
Select object to o f f s e t or <exit>: ;
Specify point on side to of f set: , ;
Select object to o f f s e t or <exit>: Enter .
Through . :
Specify o f f s e t distance or [Through] <default>: ;
Select/object to o f f s e t or <exit>: ;
Specify through p o i n t : ;
202 *
7.
Select object to o f f s e t or <exit>: Enter .

OFFSETDIST.
OFFSETGAPTYPE ,
.
Of 1 3.
( )
Offset <;
Modify
*-Off Set
Specify offset distance or [Through] : 10

Select object to offset or <exit>: 1 (5)
Specify point on side to offset: 2 ()
Select object to offset or <exit>:

3 (,
()
Select object to offset or <exit>: 1 ()
Select object to offset or <exit>: Enter

jfj SCALE .
Modify > Scale Scale
Modify.
Scale:
Select obj ects : ;
-.i
Specify base p o i n t : ;
Specify scale factor or [Reference] : .
X . , , .
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.> 203
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Reference
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:
Specify base p o i n t : ;
Specify scale factor or [Reference]:
;
Specify reference length < 1 > : ;

Specify new length: .
Reference
. , ,
(, ) SCALE,
, Reference, , , . .
Sd-Sc3 3.
Scale
Scl}
Modify
Select objects:
Specify base point:

Specify scale factor or [Reference]: 5
1 ()
2
204 *
7.
(Sc2
Command: 5 6 .
, ( 1).
** STRETCH **
Specify stretch point or [Base point/Copy/Undo/eXit]: Sc
** SCALE **
Specify scale factor or [Base point/Copy/Undo/Reference/eXit]: 5
Esc.

Scale nj
Enter
Select objects:
Select objects:
Specify base point:
Specify scale factor or [Reference]: R
Specify reference length <1>:
Specify second po nt:
Specify new length:
m
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5
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STRETCH ,
.
Modify > Stretch Stretch Modify.
STRETCH:
Select o b j e c t s to stretch by c r o s s i n g - w i n d o w or .crossingpolygon . . .
;
* 205
Select o b j e c t s : Enter ;
Specify base point or displacement: ;
displacement: .
Crossing Cpolygon. , , STRETCH
, MOVE. , , , , : .
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Stretch Ok
Modify
~~Stretch
Select objects to stretch by crossing-window or crossing-polygon...
Select objects:
1 ( )
2
Select objects:
Enter
Specify base point or displacement:

Specify second point of displacement or <use first point as displacement: 4
206 * 7.

(St2
Command: 6 .
, ( 1)
** STRETCH **
Specify stretch point or [Base point/Copy/Undo/eXit]:
( 2)
Esc.
St3
Command: 8 .
, . ( 1).
** STRETCH **
Specify stretch point or [Base point/Copy/Undo/eXit]:
( 2)
Esc.

EXTEND,
, Modify > Extend
Extend Modify.
EXTEND:
Current s e t t i n g s :
;
Projection=UCS Edge=None
Select boundary edges . . . ;

* 207
Select objects : Enter

;
Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or
Edge/Undo] : ;
[Project/
Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or [ P r o j e c t /

Edge/Undo ] : Enter .
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Q Project :
208 *
7.
None ,
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View , ;
Q Edge :
Extend ;
No 'extend .
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Extend -/
Modify
Extend
Current settings: Projection=UCS Edge=None
Select boundary edges ...
Select objects: 1
Select objects:
Select object to extend
Select object to' extend
Enter
or shift-select
or shift-select
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Project/Edge/Undol:
Project/Edge/Undo]:
Project/Edge/Undo]:
Project/Edge/Undo]:
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! BREAK, , Modify > Break Break Modify.
BREAK:
Select ob j ect: ;
Specify second break point or [First point] :
.
* 209

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1 3.

Break CJ
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Modify-~-Break ,
Select objects: ^
Specify second break point or [First point]:

TRIM, , Modify > Trim Trim Modify.
TRIM:
Current settings: Projection=UCS Edge=None ;
Select cutting edges ... ;
Select ob j ects: , ;
Select objects : Enter
;
Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or .[Project/
Edge/Undo] : ;
Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [ P r o j e c t /
Edge/Undo] : Enter .
210 > 7.
, , , , , , , . ,
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. TRIM:
Q Project :
None ,
;
Ucs , ;
View , ;
Q Edge :
Extend ;
No extend , .
1 3.

Trim ^~
Modify
*-1
Current settings: Projection=UCS Edge=None
Select cutting edges ...
Select objects: 1
Select objects:
Enter
Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo :

Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo :
Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]: Enter
2
3

EXPLODE . Modify > Explode Explode Modify.
* 211
EXPLODE:
Select obj ects : ;
Select ob j ects : Enter
.
, , . , ,
, .
, , . EXPLODE
, , , ,
:
Exploding this polyline has lost width information.
The UNDO command will restore it.
EXPLODE
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Erase
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Select objects: ompe3KOO ( 7 2).
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Explode ^,
Select objects:
Select objects:
Modify
*~Explode
6
Enter
212 : 7.

CHAMFER . Modify > Chamfer
Chamfer Modify.
CHAMFER:
(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Distl = 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 , Dist2 = 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 , ;
Select f i r s t l i n e o r [ P o l y l i n e / D i s t a n c e / A n g l e / T r i m / M e t h o d /
multiple] : ;
Select second l i n e : .

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CHAMFER:
Q Polyline , . , . , ;
Distance , , . ,
,
* 213
. . ,
, . . . Distance :
(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Distl = 0 . 0 0 0 0 , Dist2 = 0 . 0 0 0 0 , ;
Select f i r s t line or [ P o l y l i n e / D i s t a n c e / A n g l e / T r i m / M e t h o d /
multiple ] : D ;
Specify
;
first
chamfer distance
<default>:
Specify second chamfer distance <default>:

.
Angle ;
Q Trim , .
, ,
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Q Method :
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Ch1 2 3.

Chamfer'f
.Chi
Modify^-Chamfer
(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist! = 0.0000, Dist2 = 0.0000

Select first 'line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method]: D
Specify first chamfer distance <0.0000>:
10
Specify second chamfer distance <10.0000>: Enter
Chamfer

Select first line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method/mUltiple]: 1
Select second line: 2
.
214 * 7.

Chamfer Y
(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Distl = 10.0000, Dist2 = 10.0000
Select first line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method/mUltiple]: P

Select 2D polyline:
12 lines were chamfered

[) FILLET () .
Modify Fillet Fillet Modify.
FILLET:
Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 10 . : , ;
Select f i r s t object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim/ntUltiple] :
;
Select second obj ect: .

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FILLET:
Q Polyline , . . :
Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 0 . 5 0 0 0 : , ;
Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]: P ;
Select 2D polyline: .
Q Radius , ,
. 0,5000 . , . :
Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 0.5000 : , ;
Select f i r s t object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]: R ;
Specify f i l l e t radius <default>: .
Fi1-Fi3, 5-7 3.
()
Fillet I
Modify
^-Fillet
Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 0.0000
Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]: R
Specify fillet radius <0.0000>: 20
Fillet

Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]: 1
Select second object: 2
.
216 *
7.
()
Fillet
Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]: P
Select 2D polyline:
6
8 lines were filleted
1 was parallel
3 were too short:
()
Fi3
Fillet

Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]: / 1 ( 3)
Select second object:
2 ( 4)
Fillet

Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]: 5
Select second object:
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3. Quick Setup Units Decimal (. . 1.3). Area 210 ,
2 97 . .
4. GRID F7.
5. ZOOM, View > Zoom > All (. . 4.3) Zoom All (. . 4.4). . Z2 ( 2).
6. 5 Drafting Settings (. . 1.36),
Tools > Drafting Settings... Settings... ,
SNAP . Snap
Snap X spacing: Snap Y spacing:.
7. QSAVE,
File > Save Save
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8. 4 ( , ). INSERT, Insert > Block... Insert Block Draw.
Insert (. . 5.17). . Inl ( 3).
9. Layer Properties Manager (. . 3.1), Format > Layer... Layer Properties Manager Layers. . La ( 2). 4 :
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10. Layer Properties Manager : 0 . 8 ; , ,
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* 221
11. Text Style (. . 5.10),

Format > Text Style.... Font Font Name: s implex. shx;
Oblique Angle: 15; Height:
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F9.
15. RECTANG CIRCLE
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16. LINE .
17.
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Hatch Draw.
Boundary Hatch and Fill (. . 6.1),
, Pattern: ANSI31; Scale: 2; Angle: 0. . HI ( 2).
18. . . R1-R11 ( 2). , DIMSTYLE
Dimension Style Manager (. . 6.17).
Dimension > Style...
Dimension Style Manager Styles. . RS1-RS6
( 2). : Arrow size:, 5;
Offset from origin: 0,
; Text style: ; Text height: 3 . 5,
Offset from dim line: 1. 3,
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Layout New layout.
Layout Rename.

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New View, . 8.8, View Name:.
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* 233
, , Current Display, ,
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Viewports.
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.;. 237
Polygonal
-.
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View > Viewports > Polygonal Viewport.
,
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Vpr1-Vpr3 9 4.
Vpr1
- Vports
View - - Viewports
Specify corner of viewport or
Viewport
[ON/OFF/Fit/Hideplot/Lock/Object/Polygonal/Restore/2/3/4]
(
Regenerating model.

+ Vports
Vpr2
View - Viewports~ New Viewports..
Viewports 6
Standard viewports Tree: Above
Specify first corner or [Fit] <Fit>:
( 1)
Regenerating model.
238 * 8.

ports ;
View '-~ Viewports - Polygonal
Vpr3
Viewport
Specify corner of viewport or

[ON/OFF/Fit/Shodeplot/Lock/Object/Polygonal/Restore/2/3/4] <Fit>: _p
Specify start point:
\
Specify next point or [Arc/Length/Undol:
2
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Length/Undo]: Arc
Enter an arc boundary option [Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Line/
Radius/Second pt/Undo/Endpoint of arc]<Endpoint>:

Enter an arc boundary option [Angle/CEnter/CLose/Directron/Une/
Radius/Second pt/Undo/Endpoint of arc]<Endpoint>: Line
4
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Length/Undo
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Length/Undo
5
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Length/Undo Close
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1. 6 .
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240 * 9.
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WEDGE, CONE, CYLINDER, SPHERE, TORUS
, .
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.
Draw > Solids
Solids.
BOX (, ). XY . Draw > Solids > Box

Box Solids.
BOX:
Specify corner of box or [CEnter] < 0, 0, 0 > : ;
Specify corner or\[Cube/Length] : ;
Specify Height: .
:
LJ ;
Q ;
.
BOX:
Q Center ,
. :
* 243
Specify corner of box or [CEnter] < 0 , 0 , 0 > : ;

Specify center of box < 0, 0, 0>: ;
Specify corner or
[Cube/Length] : ;
Specify height: .
Q Cube , , .
:
Specify corner of box or [CEnter] <0, 0, 0 > : ;
Specify corner or [Cube/Length]: ;
Specify length: .
Q Length ( X),
( ) ( Z) . :
Specify corner of box or [CEnter] <0, 0, 0>: ;
Specify corner or [Cube/Length]: L ,
;
Specify length: ;
Speci f width: ;
Specify height: .
1 4.
()
Box
DrO W
Solids
Specify corner of box or [CEnter] <0,0,0>:

Specify corner or [Cube/Length]:
Specify height:
(1
Box
100, 100
330, 200
80
3Dorbit.
244 * 9.
Ijjjj WEDGE, , Draw > Solids > Wedge Wedge Solids.

WEDGE:
Specify f i r s t corner of wedge or [CEnter] < 0 , 0 , 0 > : ;
Specify corner or [ Cube/ Length] : ;
Specify height: .
XY
;
.
,
Z. WEDGE
BOX.
Wed1 4.
(Wedj)

Wedge
Draw - Solids
Wedge
Specify first corner of wedge or [CEnter] <0,0,0>: 100, 100

Specify corner or [Cube/Length]: 330, 200
Specify height: 80
3Dorbit.
CONE , ( ) XY , Z. Draw > So-
* 245
lids > Cone Cone

Solids.
CONE:
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=10 ;
Specify center point for base of cone or [Elliptical] < 0 , 0 , 0 > :
;
Specify radius for base of cone or
;
[Diameter] :
Specify height of cone or [Apex] : .

CONE:
Q Elliptical . , AutoCAD :
Current wire frame density: I SOL INES=10 ;
Specify center point for base of cone or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>:
E ;
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse for base of cone or [Center] :
;
Specify second axis endpoint of ellipse for base of cone:
;
Specify length of other axis for base of cone:
;
Specify height of cone or [Apex] : .
Q Axis endpoint ,
.
;
Center ,

;
Q Apex ,
;
d Height , . , : + ()
Z, - ()
Z;
Q Center point ;
246 * 9.
Q Radius ,
;
Diameter .
,
, , EXTRUDE Z.
, , SUBTRACT,
, .
1 2 4.

Cone
Draw
'- So/ids
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=20

Specify center point for base of cone or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>: 200,150
Specify radius for base of cone or [Diameter]: 140
Specify height of cone or [Apex]: 250
3Dorbit
Cone 4i

Specify center point for base of cone or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>: E
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse for base of cone or [Center]: 50,50
Specify second axis endpoint of ellipse for base of cone: 350, 250
Specify length of other axis for base of cone: 70
Specify height of cone or [Apex]: 200
3Dorbit
* 247
CYLINDER, ,
Draw > Solids > Cylinder
Cylinder Solids.
CYLINDER:
S p e c i f y center point for base of cylinder or
<0, 0, 0>: ;
[Elliptical]
Specify radius for base of cylinder or [Diameter] : ;

Specify height of cylinder or
.
[Center of other end]:
, , , , CYLINDER CONE.
, Z
, Apex Center of other end.
(, ),
PLINE
, , EXTRUDE,
Z
11 4.

Cylinder
^ ,.,

~ ,. ,
Draw
Sol/ds
Cylinder
Specify center point for base of cylinder or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>: 200,150

Specify radius for base of cylinder or [Diameter]: 140
Specify height of cylinder or [Center of other end]: 250
3Dorbit
248 * 9.
!| S PHERE (). . , 2 . Draw > Solids > Sphere

Sphere Solids.
SPHERE:
Specify center of sphere <0, 0, 0>:' ;
Specify radius of sphere or [Diameter] : .
, ,
SUBTRACT, .
, , , REVOLVE,
Z.
Sph1 4.
Sph1

Sphere |
Draw
-So/ids
-Sphere
Current wire frame density:

Specify center of sphere <0,0,0>:
Specify radius of sphere or [Diameter]:
ISOLINES=20
200,150
150
3Dorbit
Top
| TORUS , . -
* 249
,
. XY . Draw > Solids > Torus
Torus Solids.
TORUS:
Specify center of torus < 0, 0, 0 > : ;
Specify radius of torus or [Diameter] : ;
Specify radius of tube or [Diameter] : .
,
(,
-2, 0, +2, 0).
,
( ).
.
, .
, .
1- 4.

Torus

Draw
-Solids
TorUS
ISOLINES=20
Specify center of torus <0,0,0>:

200,150
Specify radius of torus or [Diameter]:
100
Specify radius of tube or [Diameter]: 30
3Dorbit
250 : 9.

Torus
200,150
Specify radius of torus or [Diameter]:
70
Specify radius of tube or [Diameter]:
65
3Dorbit
Torus
200,150
Specify radius of torus or '[Diameter]:
150
Specify radius of tube or [Diameter]:
200
3Dorbit

EXTRUDE ( ).
Draw > Solids > Extrude
Extrude Solids.
EXTRUDE:
Current wire frame d e n s i t y : I SOL INES=4 ;
Select objects: ;
Specify height of extrusion or [Path] : ;
Specify angle of taper for extrusion <0>:
.
* 251
, , , , , , , ( 500 ).
. .
EXTRUDE ,
. , , , , .
, EXTRUDE
PEDIT, .
, .
:
, .

. Z , Z
,
EXTRUDE:
Path
. :
Select extrusion path: .
Ext1-Ext3 4.

Extrude "3
Draw
Solids-

Select objects:
Select objects:
Specify height of extrusion or [Path]:
Ext1
Extrude
ISOLINES=20

Enter
100
Enter
252 * 9.
(Ext2
^.
Extrude
~|

Select objects:
Select objects:
ISOLINES=20

Enter
100
10
Ext3
Extrude 31
Select objects: .
Select objects:
Enter
no
P .
Select extrusion path:

Path was moved to the center of the profile.

HJJ REVOLVE X
. Draw > Solids > Revolve
Revolve Solids.
REVOLVE:
Select obj ects : ;
Select ob j ects: Enter ;
Specify start point for axis of revolution or d e f i n e axis by
[Object/X ( a x i s ) / Y (axis) ] : ;
253
Specify endpoint of a x i s : ;
Specify angle of revolution <3 6 0>: .
, .
EXTRUDE, REVOLVE , , ,
. , PEDIN, . REVOLVE
: , , , , , . , EXTRUDE,
. ,
, . REVOLVE:
Q Ob j ect ,
. (),
, . . :
Select an ob j ect: .
Q X X ;
Q Y .
Rev1 4.

Rev1
Revolve^
DrOW
-So/ldS
ReVOIVe
Select objects:

Specify start point for axis of revolution or
define axis by [Object/X (axis)/Y (axis)]:

Specify endpoint of axis:
Specify angle of revolution <360>: Enter

, , , :
254 *
9.
UNION ,
;
Q SUBTRACT , . , , ;
Q INTERSECT , , . .
Modify Solids Editing
Solids Editing.

UNION .
, (
). Modify > Solids
Editing > Union Union l
Solids Editing.
UNION:
Select o b j e c t s : ; .
Select ob j ects : Enter .
Uni1 4.
( Uni1
Union
Modify
Select
Select
Select
Select
So/ids Ed/ting
Un/
objects:

objects:

objects:

objects: Enter
* 255
SUBTRACT . .

.
. Modify > Solids Editing > Subtract Subtract Solids Editing.
SUBTRACT:
Select solids and regions to s u b t r a c t ' f r o m . . , ;
Select obj ects : ;
Select solids and regions .to subtract
;
Select ob j ects : Enter .
Sub1 4.

Sub trOC t 8D
Modify
f Sub1
Solids Editing-Subtract
Select solids and regions to subtract from ..

Select objects:

Select solids and regions to subtract ..
Select objects:
Select objects:


INTERSECT
.
256 :
9.
Modify > Solids Editing > Intersect Intersect Solids Editing.

INTERSECT:
Select ob j ects : ;
Select objects: ;
Select objects: Enter .
Int1 Int2 4.
( Int1
Intersect QD
Modify
So/ids Editing
Select objects:
Select objects:
Intersect
Intersect
Select objects:
Select objects:
10
9 . 1039
258 * 10.
, MOVE,
, ROTATE, MIRROR ARRAY, . , ,
-: , , ,
, .

ROTATE
; .
.
: , , (X, Z) . ROTATE, ROTATE 3D.
ROTATE 3D,
, Modify > 3D Operation > Rotate 3D.
ROTATE 3D:
Current positive a n g l e : ANGDIR=counterclockwise ANGBASE=0 ;
Specify f i r s t point on axis or define axis by
[ O b j e c t / L a s t / V i e w / X a x i s / Y a x i s / Z a x i s / 2 p o i n t s ] : ;
Specify second point on axis : ;
Specify rotation angle or [Reference] : .
ROTATE 3D:
Q Ob j ect .
, , ;
Last , ;
Q View ,
;
* 259
Xaxis, Y a x i s , Zaxis ,
X, F, Z ;
Q 2point , .
Rot1 4.

RotateJd
Rot1
Modify- 3D Operation - Rotate 3D
:urrent positive angle: ANGDIR=counterclockwise ANG8ASE=0

Select objects:

Specify first point on axis or define axis by [Object/Last/
/View/Xaxis/Yaxis/Zaxis/2points]:

Specify second point on axis:

Specify rotation angle or [Reference]: 30

MIRRORSD, , Modify > 3D Operation > Mirror 3D.
MIRROR3D:
Select pbj ects: ;
Select o b j e c t s : Enter ;
Specify f i r s t point of mirror plane (3 p o i n t s ) or [Object/Last/
Z a x i s / V i e w / X Y / Y Z / Z X / 3 p o i n t s ] <3points>: (3 );
Specify second point on mirror p l a n e : ;
Specify third point on mirror plane:
;
Delete source objects?
.
[Yes/No] <N>: -
260 : 10.
MIRROR3D:
Q Obj ect : ,
, ;
Q Last , ;
Q Zaxis , ,
, ;
Q View , ;
Q XY, Y Z , ZX
(XY, YZ ZX), ;
Q 3point , .
:
;
Q , (XY, YZ XZ) ;
Q , .
Mir1 4.
( Mir1
Mirror3d
Modify
-3D Operation-Mirror 3D
Select objects:

Specify first point of mirror plane (3 points) or [Object/Last/
/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points] <3points>:
/
Specify second point on mirror plane:
2
Specify third point on mirror plane:

3elete source objects? Yes/No] <N>: Enter

3DARRAY ' . ,
* 261
, ,
, , (
Z) ,
,
. 3DARRAY Modify > 3D Operation > 3D Array. 3DARRAY:
Select objects : ;
Enter the type of array [Rectangular/Polar] <R>: ;
Enter the number of rows
) < 1 >: ;
Enter the number of columns (I I I) <1>:

;
Enter the number of levels
;
(...)
Specify the distance between rows

;
<1>:
(
Specify t h e distance between columns

;
) :
( I I I ) :
Specify the distance between levels ( . . . ) : .

Polar.
:
V.
;_,
Select ob j ects : ;
Enter the type of array [ R e c t a n g u l a r / P o l a r ] <R>: R ;
Enter the number of items in the a r r a y : ;
Specify the angle to f i l l
;
(+=ccw, -=cw) < 3 6 0 > :
Rotate arrayed objects? [ Y e s / N o ] < Y > : , ;

Specify center point of array: ;
Specify second point on axis of rotation:
.
262 : 10.

, : .
(), PRO JMODE EXTEDGE : XY
, .
, , () XY
.
TRIM EXTEND,
,
, Project, /.

AutoCAD ,
, Z .
:
Q , , ;
Q ,
, . ; Z .
, , .
: (0,0,5,0,8) (0, -0,5, -0,8)
. (0, 0,5, 0,8).

: , , ,
.
* 263
.
, , FILLET CHAMFER.
, , ACIS-, , , , , . ( )
.
; , , .
. , .

CHAMFER () , .
Modify > Chamfer Chamfer
Modify. ,
(. 10.1).
. 10.1.
CHAMFER:
(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Distl = 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 , Dist2 = 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 , ;
Select f i r s t line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method]:
;
Base surface selection. .. ;
Enter surface selection option [Next/OK ( c u r r e n t ) ] <OK>: Enter, .
, N, ,
Enter;
264 > 10.

Specify'base surface chamfer distance < 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 > :
;
Specify other s u r f a c e chamfer distance < 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 > :
;
Select an edge or [Loop] : ;
Select an edge or [Loop] : ;
Se/lect an edge or [Loop] : Enter
.
,
Loop .
Chaf Cha2 4.

f: , Modify
Chamfer
Select first line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method/mUltiple]: 1
Base surface selection...
Enter surface selection option [Next/OK (current)] <OK>: Enter
Specify base surface chamfer! distance <10.0000>:30
Specify other surface chamfer distance <10.0000>:3Q
Select an edge or [Loop]:
Select an edge or [Loop]: Enter

Ch am fer
'p*~

elect first line or [Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method/mUltiple]:
.
3ase surface selection...
Enter surface selection option [Next/OK (current)] <OK>: Enter
Specify base surface chamfer distance <10.0000>: 70
Specify other surface chamfer distance <10.0000>: 70
Select an edge or [Loop]:
Select an edge or [Loop]: Enter
* 265

|| FILLET () ,
.
: -, , ,
.
. , ,
. Modify > Fillet
Fillet Modify. FILLET:
Current s e t t i n g s : Mode = TRIM, Radius = 10 . : ;
Select f i r s t object or [ P o l y l i n e / R a d i u s / T r i m ] :
;
Enter f i l l e t radius < 10 . > : ;
Select an edge or [Chain/Radius] : ;
Select an edge or [ C h a i n / R a d i u s ] : ;
Select an edge or [Chain/Radius] : Enter .
I
Enter Select an edge or:,
, .
. , Radius, , Chain. . 10.2
.
. 10.2.
266 : 10.
Fill F1I2 4.
/""
() ( Fill
Fille t fP?
Modify
Fill61
Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]:

Enter fillet radius <5.0000>: 20
Select an edge or [Chain/Radius]:
Select an edge or [Chain/Radius]:
Select an edge or [Chain/Radius]: Enter
() ( FN2
Fillet |
Modify
-Fillet
Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]:

Enter fi"et radius <5.0000>: 50
Select an edge pr [Chain/Radius]:

Select an edge or [Chain/Radius]: Enter

SECTION
.
(. 10.3). SECTION
Modify > Solids > Section
Section Solids.
SECTION:
'
* 267
Specify f i r s t point on Section plane by [ O b j e c t / Z a x i s / V i e w / X Y /

YZ/ZX/3points] <3points>: ;
Specify second point on p l a n e : ;
Specify third point on plane: .
. 10.3.
.
, , Z
(XY, YZ XZ). AutoCAD .
, , , ,
.
Sec1 4.

4- '
Section
Sec1
'
Draw
_ Solids - Section
Select objects:

Select objects:
Enter
Specify first point on Section plone by [Object/
/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points] <3points>:
)
Specify second point on plane:
2
Specify third point on plane:
3
_
268 *
10.

SLICE - (. 10.4).
Modify > Solids > Slice
Slice Solids.
. 10.4.
SLICE:
Select objects : ;
Specify f i r s t point on slicing plane by [ ' O b j e c t / Z a x i s / V i e w / X Y /
Y Z / Z X / 3 p o i n t s ] <3points>: ;
Specify second point on plane: ;
Specify third point on plane: ;
Specify a point on desired side of the plane or
sides ] : .
[keep Both
. , .
, , ( ) .
.;. 269
, , Z
(XY, 722).
SLICE:
Ob j ect : ,
, , , , ;
Q Zaxis , ,
;
Q View ,
;
Q XY, Y Z , ZX , XY,
YZ ZX ;
3points , ;
keep Both sides .
SIM 4.

SH1
Slice |
|
Draw
So/ids
Slice
Select objects:

Select objects:
Enter
Specify first point on slicing plane by [Object/
/Zaxis/View./XY/YZ/ZX/3points]<3points>:
1
Specify second point on plane:
2
Specify third point on plane:

Specify a point on desired side of the plane or [keep Both sides]:
.
(, . 10.5) :
270 : 10.
. 10.5.
1. NEW,
File > New..., New .
2. Create New Drawing
Use a Wizard (. . 1.35). Select a Wizard:
Quick Setup.
3. Quick Setup Units Decimal (. . 1.3). Area 420 , 297 .
4. GRID F7 .
5. ZOOM, View > Zoom > All (. . 4.3) Zoom All (. . 4.4). . Z2 ( 2).
6. QSAVE,
File > Save Save
.
.;. 271
7. ISOLINES 20, , .
!-
8. BOX CYLINDER .
. Boxl Cyll ( 4). ,
View 3DORBIT, View > 3D
Orbit 3D Orbit . . Vptl, Orbl Orb2 ( 4).
9. . UNION,
Modify > Solids Editing > Union Union
Solids- Editing.
SUBTRACT,
Modify > Solids Editing > Subtract Subtract Solids Editing. . Unil Subl ( 4).
10. HIDE,
View > Hide Hide Render.
11. . UCS, Tools > New
UCS > 3 Point.
12. Layout. . Spal Spa2 ( 4).
13. .
Create Layout, . 8.3,
Tools > Wizards > Create Layout....
14. A3 ( , ). INSERT,
Insert > Block... Insert Block
Draw. Insert (. . 5.17).
. Inl ( 3).
15. Text Style (. . 5.10),
Format > Text Style.... Font Font Name: simplex. shx;
Oblique Angle: 15; Height:
0 (). . 7 ( 2).
16. .
. DTEXT,
Draw > Text > Single Line Text Dtext . Fit DTEXT. . 4 ( 2).
272 *
10.
17. (. 10.6),
SOLVIEW, Draw > Solids > Setup > View.
:
_solview
Enter an option [Ucs/Ortho/Auxiliary/Section]: U ;
Enter an option [Named/World/?/Current] <Current>: <Enter>;
Enter view scale <1>: 0 . 5 ;
Specify view center: ;
Specify view center <specify viewport>: <Enter>;
Specify f i r s t corner of v i e w p o r t : ;
Specify opposite corner o f ' v i e w p o r t :
;
Enter view name : Front .
:
UCSVIEW = 1 UCS w i l l be saved with view
Enter an option [Ucs/Ortho/Auxiliary/Section]: ;
Specify side of viewport to p r o j e c t : ;
Specify f i r s t corner of v i e w p o r t : ;
Specify opposite corner of v i e w p o r t :
;
Enter view name: Gor iz on t .
:
UCSVIEW = 1 UCS will be saved with view
Enter an option [ U c s / O r t h o / A u x i l i a r y / S e c t i o n ] : ;
Specify side of viewport to project:
;
.> 273
Specify view c e n t e r : ;
Specify f i r s t
;
corner of v i e w p o r t :
Specify opposite corner of viewport:

;
Enter view name: Prof il .
:
Enter an option [ U c s / O r t h o / A u x i l i a r y / S e c t i o n ] : S ;
Specify f i r s t point of cutting plane: CEN
;
Specify second point of cutting plane: CEN
;
Specify side to view from:
( );
Enter view scale <0 . 5>: <Enter>;
Specify f i r s t corner of viewport: ;
Specify opposite corner of v i e w p o r t :
;
Enter view name: Section ;
Enter an option [Ucs/Ortho/Auxiliary/Section] : <Enter>
.
18. (< >-) HIDDEN. SOLDRAW,
Draw > Solids > Setup > Drawing. Select
obj ects : .
19. VPORTS, .
20. .
274 : 10.
. 10.6.
40
01
100
. 10.7.
21. < euda>-DIM

(. 10.7).
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276 *
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Q PLAN
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Q 3 DORBI .
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:
VPOINT, DVIEW PLAN. -
* 277
. AutoCAD :
** Command only valid in Model space **

3 DORBI .
. , . View > 3D Orbit 30 Orbit 3D Orbit.
, , . , .
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278 > 11.

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Y , Z .
UCSICON.
2 4.
* 279
3d orbit
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JD Orbit
Exit.
Continuous Orbit
Idorbit: More ,
.
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Enter
Exit.

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280 *
11.
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Hide
Render.
* 281
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:
282 *
11.
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RPRE F . View > Render > Preferences...
Render Preferences Render.
Rendering Options Rendering Preferences, . 11.4, More Options... Face
Controls Render Options , , Discard back faces (. . 11.5).
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. 11.6.
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, Rendering Procedure,
:
288 *
11.
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Crop W i n d o w ;
Skip Render Dialog RENDER.
RPREF;
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> 289
,
Render , Render
. . 11.6 Rendering Preferences . . 11.4.
RENDER RPREF .
jjji RENDER View > Render > Render...
Render .
Destination;
: Viewport
, Render W i n d o w Render
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Rendering Preferences Photo Real Photo Raytrace.
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. 11.7 Photo Raytrace Render Options . 11.8 , Anti-Aliasing,
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10 . 1039
290 : 11.
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16,8 . 8 , 32 .

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* 291
, .

: RENDER, SCENE, LIGHT, RMAT, MATLIB, BACKGROUND
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Render
View - Render - Render
Render Render.
, Background, BACKGROUND, .
. 11.9. View > Render > Background...
Background Render.
iff/'
lii
. 11.9.
292 *
11.
Background Render
Rendering Preferences, Background....
AutoCAD . :
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Image ,
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Q Merge AutoCAD. ,
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View - Render - Background
Background Gradient.
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* 293

| RMAT, ,
View > Render > Materials... Materials
Render.
Materials, . 11.10.
. 11.10.
: Standard , , : Marble , Granite

, Wood .
, , 3D Studio MAX. New... New Standard
Material . Materials :
Q Materials: ;
Preview ;
Q Modify... Duplicate..., ;
Q Materials Library...,
Materials Library, MATLIB;
Q Selects, , ;
Q Attach<, Detach<, By ACL.. By Layer...,
, , AutoCAD .
294 *
11.
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. 11.11, :
Q Material Name:, ;
Q Attributes, :
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* 295
. 11.11.

, , , .
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296 *
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Autodesk

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AutoCAD 2005
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Imperial (feet and inches) , acad.dwt.

Quick Setup, . 1.3,

Layer Properties Manager

Spec | f:y ;:;

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Tools- Options...- Display

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Color Book Location ;

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LINE Specify first poin :

LINE Specify first point:

LINE Specify first point:

Axis Rotate UCS Y;

Z Axis Rotate DCS Z;

. 2.7. DCS Details

, Unnamed . . World Previous

Current UCS name:

Enter an option [New/Move/orthoGraphic/Prev/Restore/

, 0, , Continuous, () Default, 0.25 .

Layer Properties Manager U-teIJ .

LWUNITS. ( ), . LWDEFAULT Default.

Plot table type

Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or n X P ) , or

Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or n X P ) , or

Window ^. View - Zoom

Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or

Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or

1&" Exit u/iu

Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right-click to display shortcut menu.

DRAWORDER, Modify II Draw Order,

. 4.7. Draw Order

Bring Above Object Send Under Object

Specify next point or [Undo]: . ENDpoint ^ 2

Specify next point or [Undo]:

Specify next point or [Undo]:

Specify next point or [Undo]: . INTersection vv 2

Specify next point or [Undo]:

Specify next point or [Undo]:

Specify next point or [Undo]: . PERpendicular _)_ 2

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: . NODe |

Drafting Settings OSNAP ( Ctrl+F F3).

Display full-screen tracking, vector

Display AutoTrack tooltip , .

| POINT , Draw Point

LINE , Draw > Line

Specify through point:

Specify next point .or

Specify start point:

Specify endpoint of the arc: 360,60 3

Multiline Properties (. 5.9):

! POLYGON, , Draw > Polygon

Enter number of sides <4>:

Specify first corner point or