. .

34(113)
4 . 17-

(-)

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2012

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12

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20112012
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186

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218

SUMMARY

219

,
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(-)
109012, , . , 17. . : (495) 229 3810
E-mail: direct@levada.ru
()
119571, , . , 82. .: (495) 564 8582

,
77981 10 2003 .
-, , 2008 ISSN 2070-5107

The Russian Public Opinion Herald

Data. Analysis. Discussions
34(113)
Quarterly

Analytic Centre
Yury Levada
(Levada-Centre)
The Interdisciplinary
Academic Centre for
Social Sciences
(InterCentre)

JulDecember 2012

CONTENTS
MONITORING OF CHANGES: PRINCIPAL TRENDS
RESEARCHING VALUES: POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITS
OFTYPOLOGICAL COMPARISONS
The Value Heterogeneity of the European Countries Population:
Typology Based on R. Inglehart Indicators (by Vladimir Magun
and Maksim Rudnev)

Members of
the Editorial Council
Tatyana Zaslavskaya
(Chair)
Abel Aganbeghian
Anatoly Vishnevsky
Tatyana Vorozheikina
Leokadia Drobizheva
Natalia Rimashevskaya
Teodor Shanin
Vladimir Yadov
Yevgenii Yassin
Editorial Board
Lev Gudkov
(Editor-in-Chief)
Boris Dubin
(Deputy Editor-in-Chief)
Alexei Grazhdankin
Ludmila Khakhulina
(Deputy Editor-in-Chief)
Marina Krasilnikova
Galina Sterlikova
Natalia Zorkaya
(Executive Secretary)

12

THE PROBLEM REGION: AN ESSAY OF SOCIOLOGICAL

DESCRIPTION AND INTERPRETATION
Situation in the North Caucasus
25
Patriotic Consciousness of Youth in the Republic of Dagestan (Findings
of Sociological Survey) (by Z.M.Abdulagatov, M.M.Shakhbanov)
70
Caucasus Problems in the Narratives of the Inhabitants of Caucasus
and other Parts of Russia (by A.Levinson)
78
SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF MODERN PROCESSES
Belarus at the Turn of Epochs (Sergey Nikoluk)
Poland and Germany by the Russians Eyes
Labor Migrants in Russia: Evaluations and Prospects of Interaction
(by Anna Morgunova)
THE PROTEST MOVEMENT IN 2011-1012
Political Participation of Youth in 2011 Parliamentary Election
(by Loginova Xeniya)
From Non-Participation to Action. Civil Political Activity
in Tumen Region inDecember 2011 September 2012
(by O.Lobanova, A.Semyonov)
Protest Movement in Russia through the Eyes of its Leaders
and Activists (by Denis Volkov)

89
97
110

123

134
141

THE SIXTH LEVADA CONFERENCE: YOUNG RESEARCHERS PAPERS

Dynamics of Changing Self-Evaluations of the Russian population
in 1994-2011 (by Olga Konstantinova)
186
INFORMATION: FINDINGS OF RESEARCH AT MOSCOW PROTEST
RALLIES IN 2011-2012
196
Authors of the issue

218

SUMMARY

219

 :
1. (
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34 (113) 2012

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, 2.
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.
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.
, ,
2012 .
XIII
.
., ., ., . , ., ., ., ., ., ., .
.
2
Inglehart, R. Modernization and Postmodernization: Cultural, Economic
and Political Change in 43 Societies. Princeton: Princeton University Press,
1997; Inglehart, R., Baker, W. Modernization, Cultural Change and the
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Hofstede, G. Cultures consequences: International differences in workrelated values. Beverly Hills CA: Sage, 1980.
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12

.
. .
, . , 3.

.:
4.

, -
,
, ,

5.

, . ,
Inglehart, R., Welzel, C. Changing Mass Priorities, p.553.
., .
// Agenda for
Comparative Social Research, -, 17 2010 .
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Magun V., Rudnev M., Schmidt, P. Within and Between-Country
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 .

,
,
.


43 , 4-

(European Values Study EVS),
2008-2010 .1
,
.
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.

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.:
http://www.europeanvaluesstudy.eu, 4-
. , ,
, , .
2
,
. , ,
, (.: Datler G., Jagodzinski W., Schmidt P. Two
Theories on the Test Bench: Internal and External Validity of the Theories
of Ronald Inglehart and Shalom Schwartz // Social Science Reserarch, in
press). , ,
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.
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Inglehart R. Modernization and Postmodernization; Inglehart, R.,
Baker,W. Modernization, cultural change, and the persistence; Inglehart,R.,
Welzel, C. Modernization, Cultural Change, and Democracy. The Human
Development Sequence. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
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, Inglehart, R.,
Welzel, C. Modernization, Cultural Change, and Democracy. The Human
Development Sequence. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
(Internet-Appendix). URL: http://www.scribd.com/doc/50402860
5

, . , ,
.
3

34 (113) 2012

13

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.
(latent class analysis, LCA),
. . 1.
, 2.
Lazarsfeld P.F., Henry N.W. Latent Structure Analysis. Boston: Houghton
Mifflin, 1968. . : .., .. // : 4. 2003. 16. latent class analysis - .
2
Magidson J., Vermunt J.K. Latent class models for clustering:
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20, No. 1.
1

14

,
( ). ,

,
.

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. VLMR- (VuongLo-Mendell-Rubin test) , .

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10 . ,
, ,
Inglehart, R. Modernization and Postmodernization.
.: E. Fromm. Fear of Freedom. N.Y.: Farrar and Rinehart, 1941;
., - ., ., .
. . . .: , 2001; Riesman D., Glazer N., Denney R. The Lonely
Crowd: A Study of the Changing American Character. New Haven, CT:
Yale University Press, 1950. . .,
(Inglehart R. The Silent Revolution in Europe: Intergenerational Change
in Post-Industrial Societies // American Political Science Review, 1971. Vol.
65. P. 991-1017).
4
Rotter J.B. Social Learning and Clinical Psychology. NY: Prentice-Hall,
1954; .. . . . ., ,
1999.
2
3

34 (113) 2012

 ,
, .
, 1.


,
2.
.
. 39 , 4
(, , ) (. . 2
.1,
, p<0,0001).

.

(. 1 2).
1 (,

, . , . , ,
/ , (.: Bomhoff E., Man-Li Gu M.
East Asia Remains Different: A Comment on the Index of Self-Expression
Values, by Inglehart and Welzel // Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology.
2012. Vol.43(3), 373-383).
2

, .. , . . ( ) :
http://www.hse.ru/org/persons/11876951. , , .

, ..

, , . (Schwartz, S. Cultural Value Orientations:
Nature and Implications of National Differences. State University Higher
School of Economics Press, Moscow, 2008; .). 1
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34 (113) 2012

17

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1498
1477
1601
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1507
999
1489
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1534
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1500
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18

34 (113) 2012

 1
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34 (113) 2012

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Modernization and Postmodernization
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34 (113) 2012

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consequences across nations / R. Jowell, C. Roberts, R. Fitzgerald, G. Eva
(Eds.) // Measuring attitudes cross-nationally. Lessons from European
Social Survey. London: Sage Publications, 2007; ., .
:
// . .. . 2008. 1 (93); Meuleman,
B., Davidov, E., Schmidt, P., Billiet, J. Social Location and Value Priorities.
A European-Wide Comparison of the Relation between Social-Structural
Variables and Human Values. Routledge, London, in press.
1

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34 (113) 2012

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34 (113) 2012


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(GNI per capita). : World Development Indicators, World Bank, 2012.

2008 (Birth rate, crude). World Development Indicators, World Bank, 2012.

, (Deaths by injuries). World Health Organization

(2008). Causes of death 2008: data sources and methods.
3

: Source: World Health Organization, 2011. http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide_rates/en/

, (Alcohol per capita, total). : World

Health Organization (2011). Global status report on alcohol and health.
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34 (113) 2012

23


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34 (113) 2012

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34 (113) 2012

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34 (113) 2012

29

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34 (113) 2012

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34 (113) 2012

56
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34 (113) 2012

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34 (113) 2012

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34 (113) 2012

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15
14
16
6
6
27
14

69
26
11
12
5
8

50
26
16
13
10
13

18
,
(, , )?

6
28
21
22
7
17

3
34
14
14
15
21

4
13
20
60
2
3

8
28
20
9
6
28

4
39
30
9
8
10

11
27
20
16
3
23

(36%).
,
(,
(23%)
(18%).

- (17%,
- 79%).
).
,


.
-: 15%
, 21% , 27% ,
.

1990-.,
. (49%) , 19
, ?

,
,

38

5
3

41

34

50

56

26

43

26

23

24

17

39

23

38
2

23
0,3

40
0,3

32
2

63
4

31
1

4
6

2
19

2
5

1
6

12
3

2
5

34 (113) 2012

10

 , (
) ,

1980- 1990- .
( ) .
, , ,
,

, 10% ( , ). -

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,
.
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. ,
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),
.
, ( )
.
, ,
,
. ,
- : 1990- .,
,
,
, .
,
, ;
,
. ,

34 (113) 2012

39


.
, , .
. .
,
,
.

37%, ,
, 60%.
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. , ,
, , , , ,
, ,
.
(, , ),

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,

, ,
, , , .

, , , (

) , 29% .
,
.
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, , ,
. ,
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,
80% 50 (
, 69%).
,
30-49-.

( 18-29 )
(
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20
?

()

()

, , /

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,
/
/()

40

17

24

25

16

17

20

15

18

19

20

22

11

10

13

12

5
13
8
18
6
1

3
24
6
18
3
0,3

8
14
9
15
4
2

12
16
8
18
2
1

8
13
9
21
8
0,2

3
11
9
18
7
2

34 (113) 2012

 22
, ?

,
.

-
(29%), ,
,
(41%). - 38%
, (54%)
(28%).
(47% ).

, ,
(59%, 32%, 24%).
, , ,
,
, (16%), ,
(23%).
. (60%,
, , , ).
(9%),
,
(23%). (23%),
.

.
(25%),

. ,
.
,
,

46
42
10
3

29
45
10
15

38
49
11
2

47
50
49
45
43
38
5
6
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3
1
2

,

.

, .

.


1970- 1980- .

,

,
.

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, , , ,
, .
, ,
, -

34 (113) 2012

41

 , .

.
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:
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.


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,
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( 38%,
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), - (
), ,
.
,
.

,

23
? ( % )

/
/

56
40
5

38
59
4

44
50
6

68
76
29
24
4
--

54
40
6

24
? ( % )

/
/

42

54
36
10

44
40
16

57
71
34
18
9
11

34 (113) 2012

50
29
18

53
39
8

 ,
.
, ,
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. , ).


,
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-, -) .
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,

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-, , .. ,
, , ,
- (
80%).
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,
,
( 32%), , 25
, ,
, , ? ( % )

10
50
32
4
5

10
44
23
4
20

4
42
35
12
8

5
38
50
4
3

8
63
25
-4

13
50
29
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3

26
, ? ( % , )

,
,

,

,

67
62
50
45

62
44

48
44

80
61

27

25

21

30

24

30

26
14
9
6
2

18
15
8
4
8

26
10
8
5
1

16
17
9
6
2

34
33
14
15
1

25
9
8
4
2

34 (113) 2012

58
39

43

 , (61%
44%).
,
,
, .
,
(, , , ,

),
.

, , ,


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,
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( , , 70%),

44

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.

(
).

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9%) . ,
, .

(
)
, -.
-
-, , .
:
5%,

(15% ; -,
, ,

, , ,
).
.

. ,
( 3%,

).

34 (113) 2012

 27
, , ,
?

(
,
)
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, , ..)
, ( ,
)

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.)

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35

36

45

34

25

36

10

11

13

11

11

14

10

15
5
5
10
1
16

27
2
1
7
2
17

18
4
5
11
0,3
24

13
10
5
11
0,3
19

13
7
9
11
1
15

14
4
4
9
1
14

12

18

15

15

5
1
0,2

4
0,4
--

3
0,3
--

6
1
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4
0,3
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5
1
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11
3

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1

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5

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3

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--

--9
4

28
() ?

/
/

36
57
7

33
56
12

52
43
5

22
44
72
54
6
2

30
63
7

29
. ?

/
/

28
59
12

16
57
27

42
50
7

34 (113) 2012

17
30
69
63
14
8

38
56
6

45


.
, .
.

.
-,
.
,
.
,

2 3

. -
. .
. 1000

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.
. 1000

-
1000

.. .

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-



-

100

30
2010 .

115
134
113
118
120
109
104
111
107

16
21
19
16
21
21
21
19
18

30
40
9
16
12
40
15
26
13

36
69
112
82
64
67
69
62
70

87
50
77
96
110
103
131
102
142

363
287
327
354
476
262
483
386
493

315
253
275
311
404
258
391
330
409

31
:

-
-



-

18
2
4
2
13
3
23
65

..
.
6
1
3
2
6
3
9
30

33
4
7
1
37
82

..
.
7
1
3
5
1
18
35

( .)
108
12
28
17
34
33
135
367

..
.
94
11
24
15
29
33
109
314

32
, , ?

/
, /

46

33
50
18

40
50
11

24
48
27

62
34
3

34 (113) 2012

28
29
69
58
3
14

53
42
5

, ,
,
, .

,
,
.


,
.
- -.
( ,
). 10000 ,
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.

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.
, . 1990-
.
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.
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33
? (
)

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,
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50

55

53

57

46

41

41
25

37
29

43
25

48
29

34
23

42
19

21

18

14

26

32

16

18
13

15
15

14
17

18
9

18
9

24
12

12

17

12

17

11

16

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14

10

21

5
7
7

1
6
8

12
8
3

6
8
6

3
8
7

5
3
9

34 (113) 2012

47

,

.
.

,
. ( , ,
..)
.
,
.

,


.
,
.
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,
) .
,

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).
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. 2005, 2010-2011 . ( , ,

)
.
, ,
, ,
,
.
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,
,
,
.

- . -
( ,

34
?

/
/

28
69
4

48

18
78
5

38
58
5

34 (113) 2012

18
38
81
62
3
1

27
68
5

 35
? (
)

,

, ,


,

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, .
,

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.
,


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48
35
30
29

48
33
32
27

59
27
41
30

50
42
27
38

34
33
18
32

47
40
32
18

24

26

29

27

20

19

19
16
15
3
6

23
11
19
1
13

16
24
10
3
2

15
16
20
5
2

25
11
17
4
7

15
16
10
4
7

-, ,
,
, .


,
() , , .
, ,
-, - .
,
: 43% , 41%
23% , ,
16% .
- , :

, ; , -

36
, ?

/
, /

41
52
7

33
56
11

55
44
1

44
31
49
59
8
11

34 (113) 2012

44
52
4

49

,
, , ,


,
.
,
,
.
-
XX
2000- . ,
,
. :
;

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;
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, .


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50

-

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, . ,
, , .
,
,
.
, .
,

: 70%
, .



,
. , , , , ,
,
. , , ,
,
, .
, , , ,
.
,
,
(, ) , ,
, .

34 (113) 2012

 37
? , ?

17
62
20
---

7
84
7
1
2

- -
, (
- 27%, - 15%).
-
- ,
(13
20%), (19%).

: (32%),
(55%),
, , (9%),

(78%).
(18-29 67%, 50 59%).

4
2
92
96
2
1
-0,3
2
1

12
76
11
-1

5
84
7
1
2

.
,

. , , ,

. , ,
,

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( ).
,
,
.
-

. ,
40 . , -

38

62
66

92
96
95
100

76
81

84
98

39
( % ,
)

287
299

1320

196

244

32

11

11

21

70

37

40
12
11
6

36
20
17
16

29
21
36
3

66
7
1
6

24
2
4
0,5

41
13
4
5

34 (113) 2012

293

51

, (
21%, 15%), (2%).
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, ,
, (99%).

, .

(5%, 1,4%),
1. (19%, 7%),

66%, 90%.
,
(, ) .

, , .

, , 2-3-
.

.


. , ,
,
.



. , -, , ,
. ,
, . ,
, , , .
1

52

,

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,
, - ().
()
() ()
. .


.
. - , .

. , .
, ,
,
/
, ,
.
, ,
; .
, ,

,
.
.. , 1990-.,
. . ,

, ,
-
.

34 (113) 2012

 40
, ? ( %
)

*

()
**

72
71
74
56
-1
22

92
89
91
79
20
0,3
5

91
76
92
55
-2
4

94
100
85
99
91
99
74
98
5
60
--6
--

91
91
89
81
13
-5

* ( 1/10 )
** . , ,

41
? ( % )

()

66
63
72
22
7
4
0,3
9

12
39
35
4
-10
1
35

. , ,

.
,
.
, ,
. .
,


.

16
47
49
--23
2
7

73
94
40
70
73
97
14
51
-30
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0,3

74
70
72
20
1
--10

.

. ,
. , , , .
,
, -
. ,
, , .

, .

34 (113) 2012

53

 . -
- , (47% 60%).
,
, ,
. (
)
(23%), (38%)
(55%).
, .
, , .
,
2000- . ,
, - .
, , -

. ,

,


.
,
. ,
,
, ,

. -
,
,

.

, ,

42
, ? ( % , )

-
,

6
11
17
6
2
1
1
5
25
20
5

3
1
-1
2
1
5
24
9
47
8

2
4
2
0,5
4
4
1
4
13
60
6

2
1
20
12
3
2
3
6
27
21
2

6
16
33
8
2
1
1
3
29
1
0,3

8
13
17
6
2
1
1
4
29
14
6

43
? ( % )

54

81
85
73
0,2
3
4

67
85
39
0,5
7
8

82
91
55
0,4
3
3

34 (113) 2012

79
87
56
-3
3

84
93
79
-0,5
2

82
80
81
0,3
3
4

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.)
.

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44
, , , ,
? ( % )

,
,

6
66
20
15
8
0
7

10
60
1
14
9
-13

9
71
8
31
17
-5

3
77
22
19
7
-10

2
78
31
13
10
-0,4

6
59
20
11
6
-10

45
? ( % )

,
,

,

37

45

28

44

31

40

31

12

31

18

52

26

11

27

13

8
1
13

15
-27

19
6
15

1
-11

4
-3

6
-15

34 (113) 2012

55


, ,
, ,
.
1990 2000- .,

, ,
, . , .
16
( ).
,
.

-, ;
.
,

, . , ,
, ,

. ,
,
.

,
. , ,
.
,
, .
, , .
, ,
.
,
, . .

, .
1917 ., 19441945 . ,
.
1990- .

46
? ( % )

/
/

68
11
22

64
6
30

74
6
20

48
21
30

85
8
8

62
12
26

47
, ? ( %
)

/
/

56

39
43
18

16
51
33

17
74
9

34 (113) 2012

25
46
29

63
27
10

40
39
21

 ,
.
(),
,
, .
.

74 ,
.
,
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.
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)
:

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);
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;
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48
? ( % , )

80
15
11
4
8
0,1
4

75
6
10
6
10
3
7

72
19
26
8
12
-3

34 (113) 2012

87
11
6
-8
-1

91
15
2
4
14
-2

74
15
15
3
4
-5

57

), , -, ,
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49
,
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57
36
7

67
30
3

68
28
5

78
20
2

70
28
2

68
26
6

50
?

/ *

82
16
3

80
16
5

80
16
5

77
22
2

81
18
0,3

83
14
3

58

34 (113) 2012

 .

.
, .
, ,
.

.
1-2 . (5,5%),
(5%). ,
,
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51
, , ?

,
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62

81

62

67

69

56

48
41

44
32

67
34

46
50

47
39

43
44

44
16

51
11

37
9

39
17

51
13

42
21

24
20
12
13

18
7
8
7

13
26
12
18

37
18
4
8

26
13
6
8

27
25
15
16

12
7
10

17
4
8

10
4
6

3
0
2

6
3
6

15
10
14

10
9
0
8

14
8
1
7

9
6
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7
6
-9

6
8
-4

11
12
-11

52
, , ? ( )
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70
67

53

46

41

38

36

25

21

19
18

2011, N=1600

34 (113) 2012

59

 8% (
, ,
), 7% ( 31%
), 6% , 4% 3 %
, .
, ,

20% , 17%
( ,
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12%) 10% .
,
.
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,
:
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, ,

, 62%.
,
81%
( , 40 , , ), 20%
.
,
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( , , ), , ,
53%.
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10 .

.
26% ( , , ) 25% (
,
), .

53
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,

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60

47

74

62

51

40

41

20
20
35
10

23
18
46
5

12
15
45
6

23
26
34
4

13
6
34
9

24
26
30
13

18

13

22

26

13

19

13
13
7
11
5
4

3
5
2
15
1
1

20
25
17
22
10
8

9
2
2
3
-0

10
12
5
5
3
2

15
12
6
10
5
5

18

6
1
14

2
0
7

5
2
3

2
0
25

6
-16

7
1
16

34 (113) 2012

 15% . , ,
,
,
: . 18%
16% , ,
.


(14%), .
, 74%,
30 ,
. ,

,
10 ,
. ,
.
,
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31% 1% .
18% ( ,
40 ).
,
, (38%).

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6%,
. , , ,
,
, , (
, ,
, ).
/ (23%),
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54
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,
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,

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18

11

28

11

38

33

26

29

9
6

4
4

9
7

4
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6
3

13
7

12

19

1
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34 (113) 2012

61

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34 (113) 2012

41
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37
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(17%,
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34 (113) 2012

63

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34 (113) 2012

 47% (
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34 (113) 2012

65


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 68
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34 (113) 2012

67

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34 (113) 2012

69

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1,0%
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34 (113) 2012


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34 (113) 2012

71


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34 (113) 2012

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.: .., .. // . 2010. 12. . 1827.

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34 (113) 2012

73

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(85,4%) , (59,9%)
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(46 )

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(9 )

(1011 )

34 (113) 2012


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(67,5%);
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34 (113) 2012

75

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34 (113) 2012

, 2 , ( 14,1%, 27,8%)
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34 (113) 2012

77

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34 (113) 2012

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34 (113) 2012

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34 (113) 2012

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34 (113) 2012

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34 (113) 2012

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34 (113) 2012

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. . // : : {. .}/ - ; . .. .. . .: , 2008.
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levada.ru/sites/default/files/molodezh.pdf
2
. 2011-2012 .//
http://www.levada.ru/books/protestnoe-dvizhenie-v-rossii-v-kontse-20112012-gg
1

34 (113) 2012

123


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(: 1997 1998). , -
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Norris P. Democratic Phoenix: Reinventing Political Activism. New

York: Cambridge University Press, 2002. P. 59.
2
Cappella J., Jamieson . Spiral of Cynicism. New York:Oxford University
Press,1977. .196.

124

Citrin J., Green D. Presidential Leadership and Trust in

Government // British Journal of Political Science. 1986. 16.
.31-53 .33.
3

Kovacheva S. Will youth rejuvenate the patterns of political participation?//

Revisiting youth political participation. Council of Europe publishing,
2005. P. 22.
5
Ibid. P.19.

34 (113) 2012

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34 (113) 2012

127

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34 (113) 2012

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// http://www.levada.ru/26-12-2011/levada-tsentr-sostavilportret-uchastnikov-mitinga-na-prospekte-sakharova
2
4 //http://www.levada.ru/13-02-2012/
opros-na-mitinge-4-fevralya
1

176
340

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34 (113) 2012

129

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34 (113) 2012

 .
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1

34 (113) 2012

131


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http://slon.ru/russia/sotsiodemograficheskoe_issledovanie_karty_
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132

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 1.
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Lyons, Evanthia, Chrysanthaki, Theti, Verkuyten, Michael, Selivanov,

Vladimir and Pavlenko, Valentyna. Predicting Political Inactivity and
Participation of Young People from Different Ethnic Origins in Europe //
Paper presented at the annual meeting of the ISPP 31st Annual Scientific
Meeting, Sciences Po, Paris, France, Jul 09, 2008// http://www.allacademic.
com/meta/p254685_index.html
2
Dr. Jason Royce Lindsey. Rethinking the Political: Taking Baudrillard's
Silent Majorities Seriously // International Journal of Baudrillard Studies,
2007, Vol.4, 2. http://www.ubishops.ca/baudrillardstudies/vol4_2/v4-2jrlindsey.html
3
. , / . . . . 2000.
.96.
1

34 (113) 2012

133

.
- 2011 2012 .

2011-2012 . -


, .
. ?1
2
.
Pro et Contra .
:
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3.
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2011., , , .
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1

. ( )? // . 2012. 16. Online http://anthropologie.kunstkamera.ru/files/

pdf/016online/alekseevsky2.pdf
2
., , - : 2011-2012 http://www.levada.ru/
protestnye-dvizheniya-2011-2012
3
// Pro et Contra, 3, 2012. . 2. .
4
, .

134

. , -
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, 2011-2012.
. ,
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, Russian Analytical Digest
,
5.

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6 7.

, : .

( 12 ),
5

Robertson G.. Russian Protesters: Not Optimistic but Here To Stay //

Russian Analytical Digest. 115. June 2012. .2-5
6
.. // Pro et Contra, 2012. 1. . 94-115.
7
Hale H. The Putin Machine Sputters: First Impressions of the 2011 Duma
Elections Campaign // Russian Analytical Digest. 106. 21 December
2011. . 2-5.

34 (113) 2012

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34 (113) 2012

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3.0
4.0
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10.0
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1.3
1.3
10.7
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57.3
9.3

3.1
3.1

6.3
15.6
64.1
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0.3
2.7
0.3
6.0
11.0
69.9
9.7

0.4
4.9
0.4
9.7
12.1
64.8
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3.0
11.9
1.5
14.9
9.0
53.7
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1.0
3.0

13.9
10.9
59.4
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3.0
8.0
10.0
50.0
5.0
2.0
10.0
5.0
4.0
3.0

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5.3
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46.7
6.7
4.0
4.0
10.7

4.0

6.3
7.8
7.8
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1.6
4.7
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6.3

8.4
8.7
8.4
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3.7

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6.9
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4.5
10.4
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7.3
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44.6
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1.5
3.3

9.0
8.6
10.5
41.7
4.9
3.9
5.4
13.5

2.4

4.2
5.6
5.9
49.3
11.4
4.6
1.3
9.5
3.9
4.2

1.0
2.0
2.0
32.3
8.1
5.1
2.0
47.0
0.5

6.2
8.6
13.2
51.0
11.1
5.3
2.1
0.4
1.2
0.8

16.9
11.8
11.8
47.2
5.1
0.6
2.8

2.2
1.7

6.0
7.1
6.5
47.6
4.2
4.8
8.9

2.4
12.5

4.4
6.7
11.1
26.7
4.4
6.7
6.7
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6. ?

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2.
3.
:

37.0
30.5
32.2
0.3

36.6
32.3
30.8
0.4

36.3
28.8
35.0

48.5
38.9
12.6

45.7
35.4
18.9

31.5
30.3
37.1
1.1

16.7
14.3
69.0

44.4
28.9
26.7

28.0
19.0
53.0

34.7
34.7
29.3
1.3

29.7
45.3
25.0

37.5
31.4
30.8
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38.9
31.2
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32.8
32.8
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38.6
27.7
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7. 4 . . -
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6.8
1.6
19.1

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7.3
1.7
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6.5
1.6
16.3

11.6
15.7
1.0
14.1

11.9
5.8
3.3
16.5

12.4
2.8
1.1
16.3

11.3
2.4
0.6
32.1

2.2
11.1

13.3

2.0
2.0

87.0

12.0
4.0
4.0
21.3

12.5
4.7
1.6
9.4

15.4
4.3
0.7
7.7

13.8
10.1
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8.9

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4.5
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4.0
13.9

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33.3
0.6
1.5
6.9
14.0
1.5

43.1

1.6
5.9
11.8
1.6
0.3

33.8
1.0
1.0
3.5
16.7
1.0
0.5

33.3

2.9
7.0
16.9
2.5

42.7

1.1
10.7
11.2
1.7

42.9
0.6
0.6
3.6
5.4
0.6

37.8
4.4
6.7
8.9
11.1
4.4

2.0

1.0
6.0

38.7

1.3
1.3
14.7
2.7

51.6

4.7
15.6

52.5
0.3
2.3
5.7
10.7

0.3

50.6

1.2
6.1
8.9

11.9

10.4
19.4
3.0

23.8

8.9
25.7
5.9

8. 4 ?

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2. 10
3. 4
4. ()
5.
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56.0
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36.9
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24.7
60.4
8.4
33.1
0.2
0.6

17.3
49.7
8.2
42.2
1.3
0.3

24.7
63.1
6.6
30.8
1.0

23.0
56.8
10.3
35.4
0.8
0.4

16.9
51.1
8.4
42.1
0.6
0.6

20.2
51.8
8.9
41.1

1.2

33.3
60.0
11.1
28.9
2.2

28.0
52.0
11.0
40.0
1.0

18.7
46.7
10.7
46.7
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17.2
53.1
15.6
34.4

16.7
55.2
9.0
37.5
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0.7

22.7
59.9
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31.2
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0.4

23.9
53.7
7.5
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19.8
55.4
6.9
42.6

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17.7
26.4
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4.6
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55.6
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18.5
24.7
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32.9
59.6
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17.6
29.7
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3.6
35.3
51.6
32.7
3.6

8.6
11.6
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39.4
58.6
44.4
2.5

17.3
23.9
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5.8
29.2
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6.2
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23.0
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3.9
33.7
61.8
27.5
2.8

0.6

23.8
45.2
16.7
5.4
31.0
33.3
13.1
7.1

0.6

17.8
24.4
4.4
2.2
37.8
55.6
53.3
6.7

28.0
23.0
19.0
9.0
51.0
43.0
15.0
5.0

20.0
33.3
10.7
6.7
30.7
64.0
28.0
4.0

15.6
26.6
6.3
1.6
40.6
60.9
42.2
7.8

15.1
30.8
13.0
5.7
28.8
56.9
34.4
4.7

0.3

16.2
23.5
10.5
4.5
32.8
63.2
34.8
4.5

19.4
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7.5
7.5
41.8
56.7
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13.9
23.8
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55.4
35.6
7.9
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72.3
72.6

71.2
69.7

75.2
78.1

70.7
60.6

73.7
73.7

69.7
79.8

76.2
77.4

62.2
62.2

76.0
79.0

78.7
74.7

85.9
76.6

74.9
76.9

76.9
76.9

59.7
61.2

66.3
64.4

41.6
51.6

43.2
48.6

40.5
56.9

40.4
47.5

38.7
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38.8
51.1

50.0
53.6

57.8
55.6

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38.7
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35.9
62.5

42.5
52.5

43.3
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32.8
50.7

33.7
46.5

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15.5
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15.4
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9.2
1.6
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10.6
12.6
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12.1
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5.8
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4.5
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17.4
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3.9
7.9
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31.5
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13.3
11.1
13.3
24.4
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4.4

21.0
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3.0
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21.3
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17.2
26.6
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14.1

20.7
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16.6
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3.6
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76.6
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81.3
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1.3
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1.0
0.7

77.3
19.8
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83.6
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74.3
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11A. ?

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2.
3.
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9.
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80.7
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81.7
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79.4
17.0
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1.0
1.3

78.8
16.7
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0.5
2.0

79.8
16.0
2.9
0.4
0.8

79.8
17.4
1.1
0.6

1.1

84.5
8.3
2.4
2.4
1.8
0.6

86.7
6.7
2.2
2.2
2.2

87.0
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1.0
1.0

11B. , ?

1.
2.
3.
4.
9.
:

85.7
11.4
0.8
0.9
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86.7
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1.1
1.1
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84.0
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83.3
12.6
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1.0
2.0

84.4
14.0
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0.4
0.8

87.1
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1.1
1.1
1.1

88.7
9.5
0.6
1.2

84.4
15.6

91.0
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1.0

86.7
6.7
2.7
1.3
2.7

76.6
17.2
3.1
3.1

85.3
12.4
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0.3
1.3
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84.6
13.8
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0.8
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89.6
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1.5

82.2
13.9

3.0
1.0

80.0
17.8
2.2

87.0
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1.0
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76.0
18.7
1.3

4.0

73.4
23.4
1.6

1.6

79.6
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73.7
21.5
3.6
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0.8

83.6
11.9
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1.5

71.3
20.8
3.0
1.0
3.0
1.0

82.2
15.6

2.2

77.0
14.0
1.0
2.0
6.0

81.3
14.7

1.3
2.7

68.8
23.4
1.6
3.1
3.1

81.3
13.7
1.7
0.3
2.3
0.7

78.5
18.2
2.0

1.2

70.1
19.4

4.5
6.0

67.3
24.8

1.0
5.9
1.0

70.6
17.7

71.7
18.2

49.3
17.9

59.4
19.8

11C. ?

1.
2.
3.
4.
9.
:

78.8
15.9
2.8
0.9
1.4
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81.7
13.3
3.4
0.9
0.4
0.2

74.5
19.9
1.6
1.0
2.9

73.7
21.7
4.0

0.5

74.1
18.9
2.5
1.2
3.3

84.3
11.2
2.2
0.6
0.6
1.1

85.7
10.1
1.8
1.8
0.6

11D. ?

1.
2.
3.
4.
9.
:

77.0
16.8
1.1
1.1
3.5
0.4

77.8
15.1
1.3
1.1
4.3
0.4

76.1
19.9
0.7
0.7
2.6

67.7
27.8
2.0
1.5
1.0

77.8
14.8
1.6
0.8
4.9

79.8
14.0
0.6
0.6
3.9
1.1

83.3
10.1

1.8
4.2
0.6

11E. , ?

1.
2.

64.3
17.8

63.9
17.4

64.1
19.6

61.1
17.7

55.1
22.2

70.2
18.0

74.4
11.9

71.1
17.8

49.0
22.0

61.3
16.0

59.4
29.7

3.
4.
9.
:

5.7
4.7
7.2
0.3

5.4
5.8
7.3
0.2

5.9
2.9
7.5

10.1
4.0
7.1

5.3
7.0
10.3

2.8
2.2
5.6
1.1

4.2
4.8
4.8

4.4
4.4
2.2

8.0
6.0
15.0

10.7
1.3
10.7

4.7
1.6
4.7

4.0
4.0
3.3
0.3

5.3
1.6
3.2

11.9
13.4
7.5

3.0
6.9
9.9
1.0

53.6
35.7
7.7
0.6
2.4

57.8
35.6
4.4
2.2

39.0
44.0
13.0
2.0
2.0

57.3
29.3
8.0
1.3
4.0

45.3
43.8
6.3
1.6
3.1

53.2
36.1
6.4

4.0
0.3

44.5
45.3
7.3
1.2
1.6

47.8
38.8
3.0
9.0
1.5

45.5
24.8
15.8
7.9
5.0
1.0

14A. , ?

1.
2.
3.
4.
9.
:

49.3
36.4
8.6
2.4
3.0
0.3

53.1
33.1
8.2
3.2
2.2
0.2

43.8
41.8
9.2
0.7
4.6

40.4
43.4
10.6
3.0
2.5

47.7
36.2
9.1
3.3
3.7

56.7
29.8
6.7
2.2
3.4
1.1

14B. , ,
?

1.
2.
3.
4.
9.
:

56.1
30.0
5.9
4.8
2.7
0.5

54.8
30.3
7.1
4.9
2.6
0.2

58.5
29.7
4.6
3.9
2.9
0.3

59.6
26.8
6.6
4.0
2.5
0.5

60.5
30.5
4.5
3.3
1.2

52.2
33.1
3.9
5.6
3.9
1.1

49.4
29.8
9.5
7.1
3.6
0.6

51.1
26.7
6.7
13.3
2.2

55.0
32.0
4.0
4.0
5.0

56.0
29.3
9.3
4.0
1.3

50.0
37.5
4.7
4.7
1.6
1.6

54.8
33.8
7.0
2.3
1.3
0.7

54.7
34.4
4.9
2.8
2.8
0.4

49.3
31.3
6.0
13.4

64.4
18.8
4.0
7.9
4.0
1.0

15. ?

1. 4
,
2.

3.
2012- 2013 ..
9.
:

74.6

75.7

72.9

80.8

68.7

78.1

72.6

80.0

81.0

68.0

67.2

73.2

77.7

73.1

70.3

11.6

11.8

11.8

7.1

16.9

7.3

14.3

4.4

12.0

16.0

15.6

12.7

10.9

13.4

11.9

11.9
1.4
0.5

11.0
1.1
0.4

13.4
2.0

10.1
2.0

13.6
0.8

11.8
1.1
1.7

11.9
1.2

11.1
4.4

6.0
1.0

14.7
1.3

14.1
3.1

13.0
0.7
0.3

10.5
0.4
0.4

13.4

13.9
2.0
2.0

16. , ?

1. , ,

2. - ,

9.
:

79

80

78

77

78

80

82

87

67

83

83

79

84

76

79

16
5
0

15
5
0

16
6

18
5

15
7

14
5
1

16
3

7
7

26
7

12
5

14
3

15
6
0

15
1

16
8

13
7
1

17. , , , ,
?

201

1. , ,
2. ,
,
3.
9.
:

20.7

21.5

19.9

27.8

20.2

19.1

14.9

28.9

28.0

29.3

20.3

16.1

19.4

16.4

18.8

63.0
7.1
9.0
0.3

62.6
7.3
8.4
0.2

62.7
6.9
10.5

60.6
3.0
8.6

61.3
10.3
8.2

61.8
10.1
7.9
1.1

69.6
4.2
11.3

62.2
4.4
4.4

59.0
5.0
8.0

58.7
5.3
6.7

64.1
9.4
6.3

66.2
7.0
10.4
0.3

63.6
10.9
6.1

53.7
17.9
11.9

60.4
7.9
11.9
1.0

, ,

,
-

,
-

,
,

55

40-54

25-39

24

202

18. ,
, , ?

1.
2.
3.
9.
:

64
23
7
6
0

67
20
8
5
0

59
28
6
8

64
25
7
5

66
23
4
7

65
19
10
5
1

57
26
10
7

67
18
7
9

50
24
20
6

76
19
3
3

66
23
11

65
25
5
4
0

63
26
6
6

78
9
8
6

71
13
4
11
1

19. , -
/ ?

1.
2. - ()
3. ()
4.
5.
6. () .. .
.
7. .
8. .
9. .
10. ./.
98. /
99. /
:

4.9
4.9
10.9
24.0
0.8
10.2

5.2
5.2
11.2
24.1
0.6
10.3

4.9
4.9
10.8
24.2
1.0
10.5

3.5
11.1
7.6
19.7
1.0
4.5

4.1
4.1
4.1
25.5
0.4
8.2

7.3
2.8
8.4
24.7
0.6
14.0

5.4
1.2
27.4
26.2
1.2
15.5

2.2
8.9
6.7
20.0
4.4
6.7

2.0
2.0
77.0
4.0

1.0

6.7
1.3
5.3
29.3

4.0

1.6
1.6
3.1
32.8
3.1
9.4

6.4
3.3
1.0
34.4
0.7
16.1

5.7
9.7
1.2
25.5

17.4

11.9
6.0

7.5

3.0

5.9

19.8

5.0

18.5
3.9
7.8
2.0
4.6
6.8
0.6

18.5
3.7
7.7
2.4
5.2
5.6
0.4

18.3
4.2
7.2
1.3
3.6
8.5
0.7

25.8
2.5
9.6
4.0
5.1
5.6

21.0
5.8
10.7
2.5
4.5
8.6
0.4

14.6
5.1
6.7

6.2
7.9
1.7

10.7
1.8
3.0
1.2
2.4
3.6
0.6

11.1
6.7
8.9
4.4
4.4
15.6

6.0
1.0
2.0

1.0
4.0

24.0
4.0
8.0

8.0
8.0
1.3

23.4
4.7
7.8

6.3
6.3

18.1
4.7
9.7
0.7
1.3
2.3
1.3

21.1
4.9
6.1

2.8
5.3
0.4

26.9
1.5
10.4
20.9
7.5
4.5

22.8
5.0
5.0

13.9
21.8
1.0

36.5
3.4
10.7
8.4
10.1
14.6
7.9

34.5
3.0
16.1
12.5
12.5
7.1
10.1

37.8
2.2
17.8
4.4
15.6
4.4
8.9

21.0
2.0
21.0
7.0
4.0
14.0
3.0

45.3
4.0
13.3
8.0
10.7
10.7
9.3

46.9
1.6
12.5
9.4
9.4
3.1
12.5

41.5
2.7
13.4
7.7
14.0
8.7
7.7

38.9
2.0
12.6
8.9
17.4
8.5
9.7

23.9
16.4
7.5
4.5
7.5
7.5
10.4

36.6
3.0
4.0
3.0
9.9
5.0
5.0

20A. / ?

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

35.0
3.2
11.3
6.7
12.5
7.7
7.0

34.8
3.2
11.6
6.0
11.2
8.2
8.6

35.3
2.9
11.1
7.8
14.7
7.5
4.2

34.8
4.5
11.6
3.5
12.6
5.1
3.0

34.6
2.1
7.8
4.1
14.4
5.3
7.4

8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
:

36.0
13.1
40.3
3.7
14.9
18.2
7.7
2.3
13.4
32.9
27.2
11.3
3.7
3.9
6.8
0.9

37.6
12.3
37.4
2.8
15.5
18.5
8.2
1.9
11.2
32.5
28.2
11.8
4.5
4.5
6.5
0.9

34.6
14.1
43.8
4.9
14.1
17.3
6.5
2.9
16.7
32.4
26.8
10.8
2.6
3.3
7.8
0.3

43.4
8.6
43.4
2.5
18.2
6.1
4.5
2.0
8.6
28.8
19.7
11.1
3.0
5.1
5.6
0.5

38.3
11.5
47.7
2.9
14.8
12.8
7.4
1.2
13.6
37.4
26.3
11.1
2.1
3.3
6.6
1.2

32.6
13.5
35.4
3.4
14.0
22.5
11.2
2.8
16.3
30.9
33.1
12.4
4.5
3.4
7.9
1.1

28.6
20.8
31.5
6.5
11.9
35.1
8.3
3.6
16.1
33.3
31.5
10.7
6.0
4.2
7.1
0.6

26.7
13.3
31.1
6.7
11.1
11.1
8.9
4.4
15.6
37.8
22.2
8.9

2.2
11.1
2.2

23.0
7.0
24.0

16.0
10.0
8.0
4.0
11.0
15.0
13.0
8.0
12.0
11.0
12.0

46.7
8.0
45.3
5.3
13.3
13.3
8.0
4.0
17.3
42.7
30.7
13.3
2.7
4.0
5.3

48.4
17.2
46.9
9.4
10.9
20.3
17.2
1.6
29.7
53.1
40.6
23.4
3.1

1.6

42.1
18.1
48.5
6.0
18.7
25.8
10.4
1.3
16.4
39.1
41.1
14.4
2.3
1.0
4.7
0.3

44.9
18.6
51.8
4.0
15.4
26.3
7.3
0.8
17.8
37.7
35.2
15.4
2.4
0.4
4.0
0.4

37.3
3.0
20.9

6.0
10.4
10.4
3.0
9.0
23.9
13.4
7.5
1.5
4.5
7.5
1.5

26.7
9.9
36.6
3.0
8.9
9.9
5.9
3.0
8.9
34.7
9.9
10.9
3.0
8.9
10.9
3.0

9.4
1.6

3.1
4.7
3.1
23.4
7.8
18.8
7.8
6.3
1.6

4.7
10.9
26.6
3.1
4.7
9.4
1.6

10.7
0.7
2.0
2.7
7.0
3.3
23.1
4.3
10.0
16.7
14.0
1.0
0.3
2.0
6.7
29.8
3.0
7.0
9.4
3.0

11.3
0.4
2.0
2.8
6.9
4.5
24.7
5.7
15.4
12.1
11.3
0.8

3.6
6.9
23.9
4.9
4.5
7.3
1.2

10.4
10.4
3.0
3.0
3.0
4.5
34.3
3.0
7.5
10.4
4.5
1.5
1.5

3.0
6.0
6.0
10.4
9.0
3.0

11.9
1.0
3.0
2.0
6.9
2.0
19.8
5.0
11.9
13.9
5.0
2.0
1.0
4.0
5.9
9.9
4.0
19.8
22.8
2.0

20B. / ?

203

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
:

11.0
1.3
3.0
2.7
5.4
3.8
21.7
4.2
11.4
14.2
9.2
1.6
0.6
2.7
6.4
20.2
6.7
10.0
11.5
2.1

11.2
1.3
2.6
3.0
5.6
4.1
21.9
3.9
10.8
14.4
9.7
1.9
0.9
3.0
7.1
22.2
6.9
10.1
9.5
2.2

10.8
1.0
3.9
2.0
5.2
3.6
21.9
4.6
12.1
13.7
8.2
1.3
0.3
2.3
4.9
18.3
6.5
9.8
15.0
2.0

8.6
3.0
3.0
1.5
5.1
1.5
27.3
2.0
15.2
16.2
3.5
1.0
0.5
1.5
6.1
14.1
5.6
13.6
9.1
1.0

10.7
0.8
2.1
2.1
5.3
2.5
23.5
3.7
14.4
16.0
7.0
0.8
0.4
4.1
8.6
18.1
6.2
8.6
10.7
2.5

12.4
0.6
2.2
4.5
7.3
8.4
19.7
4.5
7.9
12.9
10.1
1.7
1.1
2.8
3.9
25.3
5.1
6.2
14.0
2.2

13.1
0.6
5.4
3.0
4.2
3.6
15.5
7.1
6.5
10.1
17.9
3.6
0.6
1.8
6.5
25.6
10.7
11.3
12.5
3.0

15.6

6.7
2.2
8.9
4.4
22.2
2.2
11.1
11.1
11.1
2.2
2.2
2.2
11.1
15.6
11.1

17.8

11.0

8.0
2.0
1.0
6.0
13.0

4.0
11.0
6.0
5.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
5.0
22.0
16.0
17.0
1.0

12.0
1.3
2.7
2.7
4.0
6.7
25.3
4.0
14.7
13.3
6.7
2.7

4.0
5.3
22.7
5.3
12.0
5.3
1.3

, ,

,
-

,
-

,
,

55

40-54

25-39

24

204

21. 4 , - ,
?

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. /
8. , ,
98. 4
99. , 4
:

5.2
11.4
4.6
17.6
0.5
29.0
10.2
12.9
4.4
3.9
0.4

5.4
12.0
4.7
16.6
0.6
30.3
8.8
13.3
4.9
3.0
0.2

5.2
11.1
3.9
17.3
0.3
27.1
12.7
13.1
3.6
5.2
0.3

12.1
6.1
1.0
25.8

23.7
12.1
10.1
5.1
4.0

3.7
6.6
3.7
21.4
1.2
26.7
10.3
16.9
4.1
4.9
0.4

2.8
9.6
9.6
11.8

31.5
11.2
14.6
5.1
2.8
1.1

1.8
26.8
4.8
8.9
0.6
35.1
6.5
8.3
3.6
3.6

13.3
6.7
4.4
17.8
2.2
15.6
11.1
13.3
4.4
11.1

4.0
70.0
2.0
7.0

4.0
3.0
6.0
1.0
2.0
1.0

2.7
8.0
6.7
18.7

36.0
9.3
12.0
1.3
5.3

1.6
4.7
6.3
17.2

42.2
1.6
17.2
3.1
6.3

2.7
1.3
5.4
21.7
0.3
41.5
8.7
11.0
3.7
3.3
0.3

9.3
2.0
4.9
19.0

35.2
8.1
15.4
3.2
2.8

6.0
4.5
6.0
20.9
3.0
13.4
20.9
14.9
4.5
6.0

2.0
2.0
4.0
13.9

14.9
19.8
20.8
12.9
8.9
1.0

22. 4 50% , ,
, - ?

1.
2. /
3. /
4. , .
8.
9. ,
:

1.9
47.3
19.7
9.1
13.9
7.5
0.6

2.2
49.9
17.0
8.4
14.4
7.7
0.4

1.6
42.8
23.5
10.8
13.1
7.5
0.7

1.5
47.0
20.2
7.6
16.2
7.1
0.5

2.5
45.7
22.2
10.3
11.5
7.4
0.4

1.1
42.1
24.2
10.7
13.5
7.3
1.1

2.4
55.4
11.3
7.7
14.3
8.3
0.6

2.2
46.7
15.6
4.4
20.0
11.1

88.0
4.0
2.0
3.0
1.0
2.0

1.3
52.0
22.7
12.0
6.7
5.3

3.1
42.2
20.3
15.6
12.5
6.3

1.3
41.5
21.4
11.7
15.7
7.7
0.7

0.8
47.4
21.1
12.6
10.1
8.1

3.0
44.8
22.4
6.0
17.9
4.5
1.5

3.0
30.7
26.7
10.9
18.8
8.9
1.0

23. !

1.
2.
3.
4.
9.
:

67.3
18.3
8.0
2.1
3.9
0.4

68.6
18.9
6.2
1.5
4.5
0.2

64.7
18.0
10.8
2.9
3.3
0.3

65.7
18.2
8.1
3.0
5.1

63.4
18.5
9.5
2.5
5.8
0.4

67.4
21.3
7.3
1.7
1.1
1.1

73.8
15.5
6.5
1.2
3.0

75.6
13.3
8.9

2.2

60.0
23.0
10.0
4.0
2.0
1.0

72.0
12.0
8.0
2.7
5.3

64.1
23.4
6.3
3.1
3.1

70.2
18.1
7.0
1.0
3.3
0.3

64.4
22.7
9.3
0.4
3.2

65.7
22.4
6.0
1.5
4.5

56.4
18.8
11.9
5.0
6.9
1.0

43.7
28.1

43.2
30.5

43.8
25.5

47.5
30.3

39.9
28.0

39.3
29.8

50.0
23.8

44.4
22.2

53.0
31.0

50.7
20.0

43.8
32.8

42.5
32.4

39.3
31.6

38.8
16.4

39.6
24.8

24A. 4 ?

1.
2.

3.
4.
9.
:

13.7
10.4
3.8
0.4

13.8
8.8
3.4
0.2

12.7
13.1
4.6
0.3

8.1
10.6
3.5

17.7
10.3
3.7
0.4

14.6
10.1
5.1
1.1

13.1
10.7
2.4

8.9
17.8
6.7

8.0
7.0

1.0

10.7
12.0
6.7

9.4
7.8
6.3

12.7
9.0
3.0
0.3

17.4
7.7
4.0

20.9
19.4
4.5

14.9
15.8
4.0
1.0

24B. - ?

1.
2.
3.
4.
9.
:

81.4
15.8
0.8
0.9
0.5
0.6

81.9
15.5
0.6
0.9
0.6
0.4

80.4
16.7
1.0
1.0
0.3
0.7

84.3
13.6

0.5
1.0
0.5

81.5
16.9
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4

80.9
13.5
1.7
2.2

1.7

78.6
19.6
1.2
0.6

86.7
11.1

2.2

77.0
21.0
1.0

1.0

82.7
14.7

1.3
1.3

84.4
14.1

1.6

83.9
14.0
1.3
0.3

0.3

81.0
17.8

0.4
0.4
0.4

79.1
16.4

3.0
1.5

81.2
13.9
1.0
3.0

1.0

82.7
13.1
3.6
0.7

77.8
20.7
1.5

78.2
15.2
5.8
0.8

78.1
16.3
3.9
1.7

78.6
17.9
2.4
1.2

88.9
6.7
2.2
2.2

70.0
23.0
6.0
1.0

80.0
13.3
6.7

82.8
12.5
4.7

79.3
18.1
1.7
1.0

78.9
17.4
3.2
0.4

76.1
23.9

80.2
13.9
5.0
1.0

25. , ?

1.
2.
3.
:

78.3
17.3
3.5
0.9

75.5
20.2
3.4
0.9

26. ?

1.
2. , .
3. , .
,
4. ,
,
5. , .

6.
:

2.9
3.8

3.0
2.8

2.6
5.2

1.5
5.1

0.8
2.1

1.7
2.2

8.9
6.5

2.2
13.3

9.0
6.0

1.3
4.0

6.3

1.7
1.7

1.2
3.2

6.0
4.5

3.0
2.0

21.0

21.5

21.6

25.8

17.3

12.4

30.4

33.3

27.0

18.7

25.0

12.7

13.8

19.4

27.7

39.3

39.8

38.9

46.5

41.2

33.7

33.3

42.2

36.0

42.7

48.4

40.8

41.3

44.8

32.7

27.4
4.8
0.8

26.9
5.4
0.6

27.5
3.6
0.7

19.2
1.5
0.5

32.9
4.9
0.8

39.9
9.0
1.1

16.1
4.2
0.6

8.9

21.0

1.0

29.3
4.0

20.3

35.8
6.4
1.0

33.6
6.9

19.4
6.0

25.7
6.9
2.0

205

206

4 2012 .

24

25-39

40-54

55

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1.
2. ,
3. ( 3- )
4. ( )
5. /

3. ?

1344

862

482

274

485

321

264

99

244

140

90

422

370

196

174

0.8
18.1
11.7
62.9
6.5

0.8
18.8
12.2
61.8
6.4

0.8
16.8
10.8
64.9
6.6

2.9
29.2
40.1
27.0
0.7

-13.0
6.6
72.2
8.2

0.3
16.2
3.4
72.6
7.5

0.8
18.2
1.5
71.6
8.0

1.0
25.3
17.2
52.5
4.0

1.2
26.2
9.8
58.2
4.5

-14.3
15.7
66.4
3.6

-16.7
13.3
57.8
12.2

0.5
11.1
9.2
70.6
8.5

0.3
13.2
10.5
69.2
6.8

2.0
31.6
16.8
45.4
4.1

0.6
17.2
12.1
63.8
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4. , - ?

1. /
2.
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5.
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8.
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8.0
14.3
36.5

9.7
16.4
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4.8
10.6
38.8

1.8
1.1
21.9

9.9
18.6
48.0

14.3
23.7
42.4

3.0
8.7
23.1

4.0
8.1
39.4

3.7
7.0
33.2

7.9
19.3
35.7

11.1
13.3
36.7

12.1
19.4
38.9

11.6
18.4
43.8

7.7
11.2
26.0

6.9
14.4
39.1

1.4
5.8
7.4
10.9
11.4
1.9
2.5

1.4
5.7
9.7
10.7
8.5
-2.8

1.5
6.0
3.1
11.2
16.6
5.4
2.1

1.1
7.3
10.9
50.7
0.4
1.1
3.6

1.9
6.6
8.0
1.0
0.6
2.7
2.7

1.2
5.9
5.9
0.3
0.9
2.5
2.8

1.1
2.7
4.2
0.4
55.3
0.8
0.8

-8.1
12.1
18.2
4.0
2.0
4.0

4.1
8.6
7.4
9.0
23.0
0.4
3.7

-7.9
4.3
12.1
7.9
2.1
2.9

-3.3
4.4
18.9
5.6
2.2
4.4

0.9
4.5
2.8
6.6
10.2
2.4
2.1

0.5
3.5
3.8
8.4
6.8
1.9
1.4

1.5
8.2
14.3
19.4
7.1
3.1
1.5

-3.4
9.8
10.3
12.1
1.7
2.3

6. 4 , , -
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1.
2. - ()
3.
4. ()
5.
6.
7.
97. ()/()
98. ()/ ()
99. /

10.0
11.5
1.1
24.5
27.1
1.6
1.7
7.7
13.1
1.7

9.9
13.0
1.3
25.6
24.8
1.4
1.6
7.4
13.3
1.6

10.4
8.9
0.8
22.4
31.1
1.9
1.9
8.1
12.7
1.9

9.5
22.6
2.2
19.7
19.0
0.4
1.8
9.5
14.6
0.7

12.4
10.7
0.6
20.4
26.6
1.9
2.3
6.0
16.9
2.3

7.5
8.7
1.2
24.0
33.6
2.2
0.9
8.4
11.2
2.2

9.5
4.9
0.8
37.5
28.4
1.5
1.5
8.0
6.8
1.1

7.1
10.1
4.0
19.2
16.2
2.0
2.0
15.2
24.2
--

4.5
1.2
0.8
81.1
1.2
-0.4
2.9
4.9
2.9

25.0
12.9
1.4
20.7
22.1
2.1
1.4
2.9
10.7
0.7

18.9
4.4
1.1
2.2
45.6
4.4
2.2
4.4
15.6
1.1

14.0
7.1
-8.3
46.4
2.8
2.1
8.1
10.2
0.9

12.2
12.2
0.8
7.0
44.6
0.5
1.6
10.3
9.7
1.1

5.6
37.8
2.6
21.9
7.7
1.5
2.0
6.1
13.8
1.0

8.0
10.3
0.6
17.8
20.1
2.3
4.0
8.6
24.7
3.4

7. 4 ?

1. 5
2. 10
3. 24
4. 4
5. ()
6.

24.4
57.5
62.0
10.6
20.2
1.0

26.7
59.9
64.2
12.3
17.7
1.3

20.3
53.3
58.1
7.5
24.7
0.4

35.8
60.2
56.2
16.8
16.4
0.7

26.0
62.3
63.5
9.5
18.8
1.0

18.7
54.2
63.9
9.0
21.8
0.9

16.7
50.0
62.9
8.0
25.0
1.1

41.4
65.7
70.7
16.2
10.1
1.0

22.5
57.8
61.1
12.7
20.5
0.8

22.1
52.1
57.1
9.3
24.3
2.1

32.2
61.1
72.2
13.3
14.4
2.2

21.8
55.5
67.8
8.3
18.7
0.9

25.4
61.9
65.1
5.9
17.6
0.5

34.7
57.1
60.7
17.9
15.3
0.5

17.2
48.9
49.4
8.0
31.6
1.7

25.8
4.9
24.2
25.8
41.4
24.2
33.6
2.5
0.8

13.6
7.9
28.6
30.0
69.3
41.4
35.0
1.4
0.7

7.8
4.4
28.9
20.0
73.3
48.9
31.1
1.1
--

10.2
5.2
32.7
17.1
64.0
35.1
28.9
0.9
--

6.5
1.9
28.4
14.9
73.2
37.6
27.6
0.5
--

6.6
2.0
15.8
11.7
67.3
54.1
53.6
2.6
0.5

10.3
4.6
16.1
12.6
63.2
34.5
45.4
2.3
0.6

90.0
10.0
----

88.9
10.0
1.1
---

87.9
10.0
0.9
0.5
0.7

90.3
7.3
1.4
0.3
0.8

82.7
14.8
-1.0
1.5

70.1
20.1
2.9
2.3
4.6

8. / ?

1.
2. //
3.
4.
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6.
7. , ,
8.
9.

11.9
4.2
24.4
16.9
60.8
35.6
35.1
1.6
0.4

11.9
4.9
22.3
16.1
63.7
37.0
33.1
1.3
0.5

11.8
3.1
28.2
18.3
55.6
33.2
38.8
2.1
0.2

5.8
2.9
12.8
9.5
69.7
56.9
44.9
2.6
--

10.5
3.1
15.1
13.6
68.2
38.6
33.8
1.2
0.8

11.5
5.9
30.5
20.2
62.0
30.8
31.8
1.6
--

21.2
5.7
46.2
26.5
36.4
14.0
31.4
1.1
0.4

8.1
5.1
14.1
20.2
64.6
49.5
46.5
2.0
--

9A. , ?

1.
2.
3.
4.
9.

83.1
13.5
1.1
1.0
1.3

84.7
12.3
1.3
1.2
0.6

80.3
15.6
0.8
0.8
2.5

76.3
20.8
1.1
0.4
1.5

85.2
12.6
0.6
0.6
1.0

83.2
12.8
0.9
1.6
1.6

86.4
8.3
2.3
1.9
1.1

76.8
19.2
1.0
2.0
1.0

75.8
21.7
0.4
1.6
0.4

9B. ?

1.
2.
3.
4.
9.

81.0
13.6
2.5
1.0
1.9

82.1
12.1
3.0
1.3
1.5

79.0
16.4
1.5
0.6
2.5

77.4
16.4
3.6
0.4
2.2

81.6
14.6
1.4
0.4
1.9

80.7
13.4
2.8
1.6
1.6

84.1
9.1
2.7
2.3
1.9

79.8
14.1
2.0
1.0
3.0

77.9
17.2
1.6
1.6
1.6

82.1
14.3
2.1
0.7
0.7

82.2
15.6
2.2
---

83.6
11.4
2.8
0.7
1.4

84.9
11.4
1.6
0.5
1.6

80.1
12.8
2.6
2.6
2.0

69.0
23.6
3.4
0.6
3.4

67.9
21.2
7.3
0.7
2.9

71.5
21.2
3.3
1.6
2.3

78.2
14.0
3.4
1.2
3.1

76.1
12.1
5.3
2.3
4.2

70.7
20.2
3.0
3.0
3.0

61.1
26.2
5.7
2.5
4.5

71.4
23.6
2.9
-2.1

81.1
14.4
2.2
-2.2

79.4
13.7
3.8
0.5
2.6

78.9
15.4
2.7
1.1
1.9

78.1
15.3
4.1
1.5
1.0

64.4
19.5
8.0
2.3
5.7

9C. ?

207

1.
2.
3.
4.
9.

73.3
17.7
4.5
1.5
3.0

76.1
16.8
4.6
0.9
1.5

68.3
19.3
4.4
2.5
5.6

,
-

, ,

85.2
9.1
0.8
1.5
3.4

80.8
15.2
--4.0

68.0
25.0
2.5
1.6
2.9

75.7
22.1
1.4
-0.7

81.1
14.4
-1.1
3.3

84.1
12.3
1.4
0.5
1.7

83.2
13.2
0.8
0.8
1.9

80.1
12.8
3.1
1.5
2.6

72.4
18.4
1.7
1.1
6.3

60.2
21.9
7.7
2.2
8.0

66.0
18.1
6.6
2.9
6.4

69.5
18.1
5.6
1.2
5.6

72.3
11.4
7.6
4.2
4.5

62.6
19.2
6.1
4.0
8.1

57.8
25.4
9.0
3.3
4.5

62.9
21.4
10.7
2.9
2.1

64.4
21.1
6.7
2.2
5.6

72.0
16.4
5.9
1.4
4.3

73.2
14.3
5.9
1.1
5.4

64.8
16.3
7.7
4.6
6.6

57.5
19.5
6.3
4.0
12.6

37.2
26.5
12.2
11.2
12.8

20.7
20.7
17.8
18.4
22.4

,
,

81.3
14.3
1.2
0.6
2.5

55

78.1
16.9
1.9
0.8
2.3

40-54

74.1
19.7
2.2
0.7
3.3

25-39

,
-

24

208

9D. ?

1.
2.
3.
4.
9.

79.5
15.3
1.6
0.9
2.8

81.9
14.4
0.9
0.7
2.1

75.1
17.0
2.7
1.2
3.9

9E. ?

1.
2.
3.
4.
9.

66.9
17.6
6.8
2.6
6.2

69.3
17.2
6.0
2.2
5.3

62.7
18.3
8.1
3.3
7.7

9F. (, , , )?

1.
2.
3.
4.
9.

26.0
28.1
17.2
13.4
15.3

27.3
28.7
16.2
12.8
15.1

23.9
27.2
18.9
14.5
15.6

30.7
30.3
17.9
10.9
10.2

22.5
27.0
16.7
16.1
17.7

24.9
30.5
16.5
11.5
16.5

29.2
25.0
18.2
13.3
14.4

23.2
38.4
8.1
18.2
12.1

33.6
36.5
16.0
5.7
8.2

24.3
29.3
21.4
11.4
13.6

23.3
26.7
15.6
18.9
15.6

20.6
28.4
19.2
15.4
16.4

20.0
27.6
19.2
15.1
18.1

10. 4 , - ,
?

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. /
7. , ,
8. 4
9. , 4

4.6
21.9
7.7
20.7
1.0
12.2
20.8
6.7
4.4

5.5
22.5
7.5
20.9
1.0
10.7
20.1
7.3
4.5

3.1
21.0
7.9
20.3
1.0
14.9
22.0
5.6
4.1

8.8
16.8
5.1
22.3
1.1
13.1
20.1
7.7
5.1

4.1
19.2
7.4
21.9
0.6
13.2
22.7
6.8
4.1

3.4
21.8
9.3
19.0
1.2
12.8
20.6
7.8
4.0

2.7
32.6
8.7
18.9
1.5
8.7
18.2
4.2
4.5

5.1
19.2
7.1
18.2
-16.2
20.2
10.1
4.0

0.8
70.9
4.9
2.0
0.8
4.9
5.7
4.1
5.7

6.4
18.6
20.7
25.0
0.7
5.7
13.6
5.0
4.3

1.1
7.8
11.1
24.4
1.1
22.2
23.3
4.4
4.4

3.8
9.2
11.6
28.7
1.2
13.3
25.4
4.3
2.6

7.3
7.8
10.0
31.6
-11.1
26.8
3.2
2.2

10.7
27.0
4.6
12.8
1.5
12.8
18.4
6.6
5.6

3.4
9.2
3.4
20.7
1.1
10.9
29.3
15.5
6.3

11. !

1.
2.
3.
4.
9.

70.8
18.3
4.1
2.2
4.7

74.0
17.4
3.2
2.2
3.1

64.9
19.9
5.6
2.1
7.5

61.7
27.0
6.2
2.6
2.6

72.2
17.9
3.9
1.4
4.5

71.7
17.1
4.0
2.2
5.0

76.5
11.4
2.3
3.0
6.8

64.6
28.3
1.0
2.0
4.0

73.8
18.0
2.9
2.0
3.3

67.9
20.0
2.9
2.9
6.4

73.3
15.6
3.3
1.1
6.7

68.7
19.2
4.7
1.7
5.7

73.8
16.2
4.1
0.5
5.4

67.3
24.5
3.6
2.6
2.0

59.8
20.1
5.7
3.4
10.9

12. ?

1.
2.
3.
4.
9.
:

66.0
25.2
2.3
1.9
4.5
0.1

67.5
25.1
2.3
1.2
3.8
0.1

63.3
25.5
2.3
3.3
5.6
--

60.9
30.7
2.6
0.7
4.7
0.4

65.6
24.5
2.9
2.1
4.9
--

67.3
24.3
1.9
1.6
5.0
--

70.5
22.0
1.5
3.4
2.7
--

67.7
24.2
2.0
2.0
3.0
1.0

61.5
33.2
1.2
0.8
2.9
0.4

62.1
24.3
3.6
1.4
7.9
0.7

73.3
18.9
5.6
-2.2
--

70.1
21.3
2.4
1.2
5.0
--

72.4
22.7
1.9
1.1
1.9
--

55.1
34.7
1.5
2.6
6.1
--

55.2
25.3
4.6
5.7
9.2
--

13. ?

1.
2. , .
3. , ,
,
4. ,
,
5. , ,

6.
:

1.6
4.7

2.0
3.9

1.0
6.0

1.1
3.3

0.6
2.1

1.6
4.4

4.2
11.4

2.0
3.0

3.3
7.8

-3.6

1.1
2.2

1.4
3.1

0.5
3.2

1.5
1.5

2.3
8.0

25.4

23.1

29.5

32.1

19.8

19.0

36.4

34.3

34.4

26.4

25.6

18.7

17.6

25.5

25.9

41.2

40.7

42.1

44.2

47.0

38.3

31.1

48.5

41.4

42.1

40.0

40.3

41.1

45.9

39.7

23.9
3.1
0.1

26.7
3.5
0.1

18.9
2.5
--

16.4
2.9
--

27.6
2.9
--

32.1
4.7
--

14.8
1.9
0.4

11.1
1.0
--

12.7
0.4
--

25.0
2.9
--

26.7
3.3
1.1

32.2
4.3
--

32.7
4.9
--

21.4
4.1
--

23.0
1.1
--

209

, ,

,
-

,
-

,
,

55

40-54

492

313

181

286

216

122

101

138

80

82

233

186

132

139

1.4
6.6
3.4
16.5
13.5
53.3
5.3

1.6
7.9
3.9
18.1
13.0
49.8
5.7

1.0
4.5
2.6
14.1
14.4
58.8
4.8

5.0
18.2
3.9
18.8
35.4
18.2
0.6

-2.1
2.1
13.6
9.8
68.2
4.2

-2.8
3.2
19.0
5.6
60.6
8.8

1.6
6.6
5.7
15.6
4.1
57.4
9.0

3.0
12.9
3.0
8.9
19.8
45.5
6.9

0.7
2.9
2.9
19.6
10.1
58.7
5.1

2.5
5.0
3.8
13.8
17.5
52.5
5.0

-6.1
2.4
12.2
15.9
58.5
4.9

1.3
4.7
3.0
9.9
11.6
61.8
7.7

0.5
7.0
0.5
9.1
16.1
61.3
5.4

1.5
6.8
0.8
27.3
21.2
37.9
4.5

1.4
8.6
5.0
17.3
13.7
50.4
3.6

805

24

25-39

210

15 2012 .

3. ?

1. /
2. (11 )
3. (-)
4. ()
5. ( 3- )
6. ( )
7. /

4. ? - ?

1. /
2.
3.
4. /
5. /
6. /
7. ( , )
8. ,
9.
10.
11. ,

6.6
1.5
3.1
8.7
12.4
23.4
9.7
14.5
10.9
2.6
6.6

8.1
1.4
2.6
7.9
9.6
25.6
12.4
15.2
8.7
0.8
7.5

4.2
1.6
3.8
9.9
16.9
19.8
5.4
13.4
14.4
5.4
5.1

--1.1
5.5
5.5
11.6
8.3
63.0
-0.6
4.4

10.1
2.1
4.5
12.2
14.0
35.7
9.8
0.7
0.7
3.5
6.6

10.2
1.9
4.6
11.1
17.1
25.9
12.0
0.5
2.3
4.2
10.2

1.6
1.6
-0.8
10.7
7.4
7.4
-66.4
0.8
3.3

3.0
4.0
2.0
5.0
11.9
19.8
5.0
30.7
9.9
3.0
5.9

4.3
-2.2
7.2
18.1
18.8
8.7
8.0
26.1
0.7
5.8

3.8
-5.0
10.0
12.5
28.8
13.8
17.5
3.8
-5.0

12.2
-4.9
8.5
9.8
23.2
4.9
17.1
8.5
2.4
8.5

9.0
1.3
1.3
9.4
14.2
27.9
6.9
12.0
11.2
2.1
4.7

7.0
0.5
3.2
7.5
14.0
34.4
4.8
14.5
5.4
1.1
7.5

11.4
0.8
1.5
9.8
6.1
20.5
18.2
18.2
2.3
3.0
8.3

1.4
3.6
5.0
8.6
11.5
23.0
9.4
10.1
10.8
5.8
10.8

5.7
3.7
8.3
16.7
18.1
4.7

5.4
4.5
9.3
19.5
9.9
2.9

9.9
6.6
7.2
9.4
13.3
6.6

4.9
2.1
8.4
12.9
14.0
3.5

4.6
5.6
10.2
23.1
22.7
2.3

2.5
1.6
9.0
32.0
5.7
4.1

28.7
13.9
43.6
19.8
16.8
1.0

5.1
3.6
13.8
80.4
21.0
0.7

7.5
8.8
16.3
25.0
81.3
3.8

11.0
6.1
13.4
18.3
19.5
3.7

5.2
5.2
8.6
7.7
18.0
2.6

5.4
3.8
11.8
8.6
16.7
3.8

3.8
0.8
6.1
10.6
9.8
16.7

1.4
1.4
0.7
2.9
2.9
0.7

5. ?

1.
2.
3.
4.
5. /-
6.

5.6
4.0
8.7
17.8
14.9
4.0

7.
8.
9.
10.
11. -
12.
13. /
14.

11.6
28.4
26.1
5.1
13.3
6.2
11.1
7.5

12.0
27.2
25.6
6.3
15.4
6.7
9.6
6.1

10.9
30.4
26.8
3.2
9.9
5.4
13.4
9.6

8.3
24.3
19.9
3.9
17.7
2.8
13.8
7.7

14.7
25.2
27.3
5.9
15.4
8.4
13.3
8.4

13.0
32.9
31.5
6.5
11.6
5.6
7.9
6.5

6.6
34.4
23.0
2.5
4.9
7.4
7.4
6.6

19.8
28.7
20.8
2.0
5.9
5.0
3.0
7.9

10.1
12.3
10.1
5.8
10.9
0.7
3.6
4.3

26.3
40.0
36.3
6.3
12.5
5.0
5.0
3.8

65.9
42.7
50.0
8.5
11.0
2.4
7.3
4.9

19.3
77.3
46.8
4.7
3.9
2.1
3.4
3.9

21.0
43.5
79.6
5.4
3.8
1.1
6.5
4.3

6.1
7.6
9.8
14.4
61.4
6.1
4.5
3.8

1.4
4.3
5.8
0.7
2.9
22.3
43.2
25.2

26.2
4.2
1.7
5.2
17.5
10.1
19.2
12.9
17.5
8.7
4.9
3.8
11.9
9.4
9.4
4.2
7.7
7.7
33.6
10.1
10.5
21.0
9.1
12.2
8.7
11.2
16.8
22.0

28.7
5.1
4.2
8.3
20.8
11.1
19.9
16.7
24.1
9.7
7.4
4.2
11.6
6.0
3.2
6.5
11.1
7.9
34.7
16.7
15.7
19.0
15.3
15.3
7.9
19.0
15.3
22.7

17.2
0.8
1.6
4.1
18.9
4.9
24.6
21.3
26.2
10.7
4.9
0.8
10.7
7.4
1.6
3.3
13.1
9.8
24.6
18.9
18.0
21.3
13.9
13.1
13.9
19.7
9.8
27.9

31.7
7.9
1.0
11.9
21.8
15.8
27.7
23.8
29.7
8.9
5.0
5.9
7.9
9.9
6.9
1.0
10.9
4.0
39.6
20.8
14.9
19.8
17.8
27.7
5.9
18.8
35.6
44.6

18.1
2.9
2.2
8.7
6.5
5.8
21.7
11.6
20.3
6.5
-2.9
11.6
10.1
1.4
2.9
16.7
7.2
23.9
8.0
4.3
18.1
6.5
13.8
3.6
9.4
11.6
33.3

40.0
3.8
3.8
15.0
28.8
13.8
37.5
31.3
27.5
12.5
8.8
6.3
15.0
6.3
5.0
5.0
23.8
13.8
50.0
15.0
12.5
30.0
17.5
23.8
5.0
22.5
21.3
31.3

45.1
7.3
2.4
13.4
25.6
15.9
32.9
23.2
41.5
17.1
4.9
7.3
15.9
4.9
3.7
9.8
12.2
15.9
51.2
19.5
23.2
34.1
19.5
36.6
6.1
36.6
30.5
28.0

38.6
8.2
3.0
11.6
26.2
12.9
31.3
21.5
29.6
16.3
8.2
6.4
18.5
7.3
1.3
7.7
14.6
18.0
47.2
23.2
21.5
30.0
19.7
25.3
18.0
29.2
20.2
26.2

45.7
10.2
2.7
12.4
38.7
15.6
34.4
26.9
41.4
22.0
12.4
8.1
18.8
8.1
2.7
8.1
11.3
14.5
50.5
25.3
26.9
36.0
23.7
28.0
12.9
26.9
23.7
25.3

15.2
1.5
11.4
0.8
11.4
7.6
15.2
12.1
9.8
3.8
1.5
3.0
9.1
17.4
26.5
2.3
5.3
6.8
28.0
5.3
6.8
12.9
5.3
9.1
5.3
6.1
14.4
19.7

20.9
1.4
0.7
2.2
8.6
9.4
12.9
11.5
10.8
4.3
2.9
2.2
9.4
5.8
5.0
0.7
3.6
4.3
20.1
7.9
8.6
12.9
10.1
5.0
7.2
10.1
15.8
17.3

6. / ?

211

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15. ()
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.

25.1
4.5
2.6
5.6
18.4
8.9
19.8
15.9
19.0
8.8
5.0
3.6
11.4
8.8
6.7
4.0
9.4
8.3
31.4
13.0
12.4
19.5
11.3
13.2
8.8
13.9
15.4
21.6

23.6
4.1
3.3
5.3
18.1
8.3
18.9
16.3
16.5
9.1
4.5
3.3
12.2
8.3
7.3
4.5
10.8
8.9
33.1
12.8
11.0
19.7
11.0
13.2
9.6
14.4
13.0
19.5

27.5
5.1
1.6
6.1
18.8
9.9
21.1
15.3
23.0
8.3
5.8
4.2
10.2
9.6
5.8
3.2
7.3
7.3
28.8
13.4
14.7
19.2
11.8
13.1
7.7
13.1
19.2
24.9

24.3
6.6
2.8
3.9
16.6
7.2
17.1
16.0
10.5
6.6
2.2
4.4
11.0
12.2
9.9
1.1
7.7
8.8
28.7
9.4
7.7
16.6
8.3
12.2
6.6
8.3
17.1
15.5

29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.

, ,

,
-

,
-

,
,

55

40-54

25-39

24

2.2
12.2
19.1
5.3
12.6
1.6
19.1
7.3
12.6
5.1

1.9
15.0
27.2
8.3
13.1
1.3
23.3
2.6
12.8
7.3

1.1
9.9
18.8
5.5
9.9
0.6
16.0
8.3
17.7
5.0

3.1
14.0
24.8
7.7
11.5
1.7
21.0
3.8
13.3
5.9

1.4
13.4
25.0
6.0
14.8
1.4
25.0
5.1
9.3
7.9

2.5
16.4
16.4
5.7
16.4
2.5
19.7
5.7
9.8
4.1

3.0
17.8
30.7
14.9
14.9
1.0
34.7
3.0
7.9
2.0

3.6
6.5
15.2
8.0
11.6
-23.9
10.1
15.2
9.4

3.8
23.8
45.0
15.0
20.0
-36.3
5.0
7.5
3.8

6.1
32.9
50.0
15.9
25.6
-45.1
-3.7
1.2

3.4
21.9
36.5
9.4
24.0
3.4
31.8
1.3
3.4
4.3

3.2
28.5
41.9
11.3
21.5
2.7
37.1
1.6
4.8
1.1

3.8
7.6
18.9
3.0
5.3
0.8
20.5
16.7
11.4
3.8

2.9
6.5
16.5
5.0
8.6
0.7
12.2
2.2
28.8
12.9

1.7
4.8
18.8
21.4
22.4
28.2
2.7

2.0
3.9
19.3
21.7
23.8
26.6
2.6

1.3
6.4
17.9
20.8
20.1
30.7
2.9

3.9
3.3
15.5
21.0
23.2
30.4
2.8

2.1
4.9
19.9
23.1
23.4
23.8
2.8

0.5
6.0
17.6
21.3
19.9
30.6
4.2

-4.9
23.0
18.0
23.0
31.1
--

-1.0
13.9
21.8
26.7
36.6
--

0.7
1.4
17.4
31.2
27.5
21.7
--

-5.0
20.0
21.3
17.5
30.0
6.3

1.2
2.4
8.5
18.3
13.4
56.1
--

1.3
3.0
17.6
19.7
19.7
37.3
1.3

0.5
4.8
19.4
20.4
14.5
39.2
1.1

2.3
2.3
18.2
21.2
28.8
23.5
3.8

4.3
13.7
16.5
15.8
23.0
19.4
7.2

2.1
13.3
22.2
6.5
12.8
1.5
20.7
5.5
12.7
6.0

212

7. , ?

1.
2.
3. ,
4.
5.
6. ,
9.

8. ?

1. ,

2. , , /

3. ,
4.

5. , ,
6.
7.
8. ,
9.

29.8

27.0

34.2

29.8

28.3

31.0

31.1

32.7

45.7

52.5

39.0

32.2

28.5

29.5

23.7

30.4
39.3

29.9
39.6

31.3
38.7

37.0
41.4

28.0
33.9

32.4
40.3

23.0
46.7

38.6
38.6

34.8
40.6

30.0
47.5

32.9
47.6

31.8
52.8

27.4
43.5

29.5
30.3

30.2
29.5

25.1
34.9
19.4
19.1
21.9
13.7

25.2
32.1
20.9
20.1
20.3
14.0

24.9
39.3
16.9
17.6
24.3
13.1

24.9
37.0
15.5
18.2
17.1
12.7

23.8
37.1
23.8
17.8
23.4
14.7

25.0
30.1
19.0
22.2
21.8
13.0

28.7
35.2
15.6
18.0
25.4
13.9

23.8
33.7
17.8
19.8
27.7
15.8

25.4
34.8
14.5
24.6
28.3
7.2

21.3
30.0
26.3
17.5
16.3
7.5

32.9
48.8
18.3
19.5
19.5
8.5

33.0
37.8
21.9
17.6
21.5
13.7

28.5
45.7
30.1
16.7
24.7
15.6

18.2
28.0
16.7
16.7
16.7
15.9

24.5
26.6
17.3
19.4
18.7
10.1

10. ,
11.
12. ,
13. ,
14. ,

15.

8.3
9.7
11.2
8.8

7.1
10.0
11.4
8.9

10.2
9.3
10.9
8.6

5.5
8.3
13.8
11.0

11.5
10.5
11.5
8.7

7.9
11.6
8.3
7.4

5.7
6.6
11.5
8.2

11.9
10.9
5.0
12.9

5.1
8.7
12.3
13.0

3.8
11.3
16.3
18.8

14.6
2.4
4.9
13.4

8.6
8.2
8.6
8.6

12.4
10.8
12.4
7.5

5.3
7.6
13.6
7.6

7.2
9.4
11.5
10.8

17.0
1.2

19.9
1.6

12.5
0.6

18.8
2.2

22.0
1.0

13.0
1.4

9.8
--

23.8
--

13.0
0.7

16.3
--

12.2
--

11.2
0.4

17.2
--

23.5
1.5

15.8
4.3

1.2
36.0
0.7
48.4
1.0
14.0
3.6
40.5
0.7
36.5
2.5

1.0
35.0
0.6
48.4
0.6
14.6
4.5
41.5
0.8
37.6
2.6

1.6
37.7
1.0
48.6
1.6
13.1
2.2
39.0
0.6
34.8
2.2

1.7
32.6
0.6
38.7
2.2
11.6
5.5
40.3
1.1
46.4
2.8

2.1
36.7
1.4
42.7
1.4
16.4
4.2
38.8
1.0
30.1
3.5

0.5
35.6
-55.1
-13.4
2.8
45.8
0.5
35.2
2.3

-40.2
0.8
64.8
-13.1
0.8
35.2
-39.3
--

1.0
30.7
1.0
47.5
-23.8
2.0
39.6
2.0
53.5
--

-27.5
1.4
50.7
0.7
10.9
2.2
43.5
2.2
47.1
--

2.5
46.3
1.3
45.0
-8.8
3.8
46.3
1.3
41.3
5.0

1.2
48.8
1.2
52.4
1.2
11.0
2.4
56.1
3.7
45.1
--

0.4
50.6
0.4
52.4
1.3
12.0
4.7
53.2
0.9
35.6
1.3

1.1
51.1
0.5
43.0
-14.0
4.3
52.2
1.1
40.3
3.2

0.8
23.5
1.5
47.7
-15.9
5.3
39.4
0.8
30.3
2.3

1.4
26.6
2.2
40.3
2.9
15.8
2.9
25.9
-32.4
7.2

0.2
1.2
3.0
14.9
38.3
30.4
39.4
44.5
10.9
7.2
0.4

0.2
1.4
2.4
13.2
40.4
29.3
38.6
45.1
8.7
7.1
0.4

0.3
1.0
3.8
17.6
34.8
32.3
40.6
43.5
14.4
7.3
0.3

1.1
2.2
4.4
14.4
34.8
27.6
39.2
46.4
11.6
8.3
0.6

-1.7
4.2
16.8
42.0
26.6
35.7
40.9
8.7
8.0
0.3

-0.5
0.9
14.4
38.4
31.0
41.7
47.7
9.7
6.9
0.5

--1.6
12.3
34.4
42.6
44.3
44.3
17.2
4.1
--

--1.0
12.9
35.6
40.6
43.6
49.5
13.9
3.0
--

-0.7
2.2
16.7
31.9
24.6
37.7
50.7
15.2
2.2
--

-1.3
3.8
13.8
32.5
36.3
35.0
51.3
11.3
5.0
--

-1.2
4.9
12.2
52.4
45.1
57.3
52.4
9.8
---

0.4
0.9
2.1
14.2
47.6
39.1
47.2
50.6
12.0
3.0
0.4

-0.5
1.6
12.9
51.1
43.0
46.8
55.4
9.1
1.6
--

0.8
1.5
1.5
12.9
37.9
28.0
36.4
38.6
11.4
7.6
--

-2.2
6.5
12.2
32.4
20.9
33.1
28.1
10.8
20.1
1.4

9. ?

1. ,
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9. ,
10.
11.
10. ?

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

11. , , ?

213

1.
2.
3.
4.

5. ,

33.2
44.3
11.6

31.7
44.5
12.8

35.5
44.1
9.6

28.2
38.1
13.8

36.0
43.7
11.2

32.4
53.2
11.1

35.2
39.3
9.8

32.7
40.6
14.9

46.4
37.0
7.2

50.0
50.0
16.3

34.1
57.3
13.4

38.6
46.4
14.2

24.7
56.5
11.8

28.8
27.3
10.6

31.7
44.6
14.4

18.6
18.0

20.1
16.7

16.3
20.1

14.4
17.1

16.4
24.5

19.4
13.4

28.7
12.3

30.7
17.8

20.3
20.3

20.0
11.3

14.6
18.3

21.9
17.2

17.7
22.0

16.7
15.2

20.1
15.1

6. ,
7.
8. ,
, , ..
9.
10.
11. ,
12.

, ,

,
-

,
-

,
,

55

40-54

25-39

24

21.7
22.4

25.6
16.3

28.2
24.3

25.2
20.6

20.4
19.0

16.4
13.9

21.8
14.9

13.0
20.3

22.5
26.3

30.5
11.0

25.8
12.4

36.0
7.0

14.4
49.2

20.9
17.3

32.3
15.8
35.3
24.1
0.7

31.5
14.6
32.7
24.2
0.8

33.5
17.6
39.3
24.0
0.6

25.4
17.7
34.8
22.7
0.6

31.5
14.7
36.0
18.2
0.3

37.0
15.7
31.9
28.7
0.9

36.1
15.6
40.2
32.0
1.6

36.6
23.8
34.7
23.8
--

37.7
11.6
41.3
29.7
--

37.5
13.8
40.0
22.5
--

36.6
19.5
36.6
28.0
--

37.3
15.0
33.9
24.5
0.9

30.1
12.9
48.9
18.8
0.5

28.0
22.7
23.5
24.2
--

29.5
14.4
41.0
19.4
2.9

23.2
20.0

214

12. , , , ?

1.
2. ,
3. ,

4.
5. , ,

6. ,

7.
(, ,
)
8. , ,
9.
10.
11.

34.2
29.7

35.6
29.9

31.9
29.4

31.5
32.0

34.6
25.9

36.6
30.1

32.8
34.4

37.6
40.6

42.0
24.6

42.5
32.5

30.5
31.7

37.3
34.8

38.2
38.2

33.3
26.5

29.5
21.6

28.0
19.4

25.2
18.5

32.3
20.8

24.3
24.3

28.7
19.2

31.5
19.9

25.4
11.5

29.7
32.7

18.8
13.8

32.5
17.5

36.6
22.0

34.3
22.7

32.3
23.1

31.8
17.4

18.7
18.7

18.3

18.1

18.5

17.7

17.5

17.6

22.1

16.8

31.2

13.8

19.5

21.0

16.1

12.1

15.8

19.5

21.1

16.9

17.7

18.9

19.4

23.8

15.8

15.2

17.5

32.9

30.0

28.5

21.2

12.2

13.8
18.4
34.3
14.3
3.7

12.8
17.7
35.2
17.5
3.7

15.3
19.5
32.9
9.3
3.8

18.2
14.4
34.8
16.0
5.0

11.9
19.9
34.3
12.2
2.4

16.2
19.9
34.3
13.9
3.7

7.4
18.0
33.6
17.2
4.9

14.9
16.8
36.6
20.8
1.0

11.6
24.6
35.5
13.8
3.6

10.0
12.5
51.3
18.8
1.3

12.2
25.6
43.9
13.4
--

13.7
16.7
40.3
8.2
1.7

12.9
17.2
41.4
9.7
1.6

15.9
16.7
30.3
21.2
0.8

13.7
10.8
24.5
10.8
13.7

75.4
26.2
44.2
10.8
14.2

74.0
25.4
39.8
11.0
15.0

77.6
27.5
51.1
10.5
12.8

75.7
23.8
43.6
12.7
16.6

74.5
27.3
43.4
13.3
14.3

74.5
26.4
48.6
9.3
13.4

78.7
27.0
39.3
4.9
11.5

77.2
32.7
47.5
15.8
15.8

81.2
29.0
60.1
10.9
13.0

77.5
40.0
58.8
7.5
8.8

90.2
39.0
54.9
3.7
11.0

83.7
31.3
46.4
6.0
11.2

86.0
45.2
53.8
9.7
15.1

64.4
23.5
36.4
18.9
21.2

71.9
14.4
36.7
7.2
8.6

13. :

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

6.

7. / (
, ..)
8.
9. ,
10.

14.7

15.4

13.4

11.0

13.6

17.6

17.2

16.8

23.2

17.5

18.3

12.9

14.0

16.7

9.4

14.8
57.3
14.2
3.4

16.1
57.7
15.2
4.3

12.8
56.5
12.5
1.9

15.5
59.1
18.8
2.8

15.0
52.4
14.7
4.9

15.3
63.4
12.5
2.8

12.3
54.9
9.0
1.6

15.8
64.4
21.8
--

15.2
63.8
15.9
0.7

18.8
72.5
17.5
3.8

14.6
68.3
15.9
--

16.7
64.8
8.2
1.7

17.7
62.9
8.6
2.7

22.0
59.1
28.8
2.3

7.2
41.7
10.8
8.6

14. , . , , ?

1.
2.

3.
4.
5.

6. ,

7. 15-20
9.

7.0

7.3

6.4

9.9

6.3

6.0

5.7

5.9

10.1

7.5

8.5

6.9

7.5

9.1

7.9

19.9
9.8
4.5

18.7
8.9
4.9

21.7
11.2
3.8

17.7
8.8
7.7

20.3
9.1
4.2

21.8
12.5
3.2

18.9
8.2
2.5

14.9
5.9
8.9

17.4
6.5
0.7

20.0
6.3
3.8

13.4
12.2
6.1

19.3
13.7
3.9

23.1
12.4
5.9

22.7
6.8
6.8

15.8
12.9
2.2

14.0

14.4

13.4

13.8

16.1

11.6

13.9

16.8

13.0

12.5

11.0

10.3

9.1

21.2

17.3

19.6
10.8
14.4

20.7
9.8
15.2

17.9
12.5
13.1

12.2
13.8
16.0

19.2
10.5
14.3

23.1
7.9
13.9

25.4
12.3
13.1

25.7
6.9
14.9

22.5
15.2
14.5

30.0
3.8
16.3

25.6
3.7
19.5

20.2
9.4
16.3

20.4
7.0
14.5

15.9
6.1
11.4

11.5
15.8
16.5

15. , , ?

1. ,

2. ,

3.
4.
5. , ,

6.
7.

47.8

50.0

44.4

52.5

47.2

49.5

39.3

50.5

52.2

60.0

48.8

52.8

55.4

42.4

38.8

31.2
17.6
3.5

31.3
16.5
3.9

31.0
19.5
2.9

30.4
17.1
0.6

30.8
18.2
4.2

34.7
12.5
5.6

27.0
26.2
2.5

35.6
14.9
1.0

36.2
22.5
5.1

35.0
13.8
--

34.1
19.5
--

29.6
18.9
2.6

29.0
14.5
3.8

30.3
19.7
2.3

24.5
19.4
5.0

31.2
12.9
5.6

31.1
12.4
5.1

31.3
13.7
6.4

33.1
13.3
7.7

32.5
12.2
7.0

26.9
13.0
3.7

32.8
13.9
2.5

43.6
6.9
5.0

29.0
8.7
5.1

37.5
12.5
2.5

35.4
11.0
11.0

34.8
13.7
6.0

35.5
11.8
8.1

30.3
15.2
6.8

22.3
18.0
10.1

49.2
22.9
16.1
25.0
16.6

44.7
23.0
18.9
26.0
16.5

56.2
22.7
11.8
23.3
16.9

49.7
24.3
17.7
24.9
19.3

49.0
26.6
22.0
23.1
17.8

51.4
18.5
10.6
25.5
12.5

45.1
19.7
9.8
28.7
17.2

53.5
23.8
18.8
27.7
18.8

53.6
25.4
15.9
25.4
17.4

62.5
20.0
16.3
27.5
8.8

61.0
23.2
19.5
30.5
11.0

54.9
21.5
13.7
28.8
15.9

55.9
19.4
10.2
24.2
17.7

48.5
24.2
27.3
25.8
14.4

39.6
20.1
13.7
16.5
14.4

27.0
8.6

27.8
8.9

25.6
8.0

32.0
6.6

24.5
8.0

24.1
13.0

30.3
4.9

35.6
3.0

26.8
9.4

20.0
11.3

23.2
6.1

30.9
6.0

31.7
10.8

22.7
4.5

20.1
15.1

16. , , ?

215

1.
2. ,
3.
4. ,
5.
6. ,

7.

, ,

,
-

,
-

,
,

55

40-54

25-39

24

216

17. :

1. /
,
2.
3.
4. , ,

5. ,
6.
7.
8. ,
9.
10.
11. , , ,
12.

31.8
21.2
22.5

31.3
20.7
22.4

32.6
22.0
22.7

31.5
16.0
13.8

30.1
23.8
26.9

36.6
23.1
27.8

27.9
19.7
15.6

35.6
19.8
17.8

42.0
24.6
28.3

40.0
13.8
22.5

40.2
19.5
28.0

38.2
21.9
24.0

37.6
30.6
32.8

17.4
24.2
15.2

30.9
18.7
19.4

40.2
45.2
23.1
22.5
34.5
30.9
53.2
34.0
4.3

39.4
44.1
22.0
21.7
33.7
31.5
52.4
35.0
4.5

41.5
47.0
24.9
23.6
35.8
30.0
54.3
32.6
4.2

38.7
42.0
19.9
21.0
33.1
35.9
62.4
35.9
6.1

37.1
44.4
25.5
22.0
34.6
34.3
57.3
35.0
3.8

39.4
46.3
24.1
21.3
32.9
24.5
42.6
29.6
4.2

51.6
50.0
20.5
27.9
39.3
27.0
48.4
36.9
3.3

41.6
55.4
26.7
21.8
49.5
32.7
65.3
38.6
--

47.1
54.3
35.5
31.9
64.5
32.6
55.1
39.9
2.2

45.0
58.8
31.3
23.8
45.0
31.3
57.5
28.8
3.8

54.9
61.0
26.8
20.7
24.4
19.5
58.5
36.6
--

49.8
57.1
31.8
29.2
33.9
26.6
52.8
36.5
3.4

50.0
53.8
24.2
25.8
32.3
25.8
55.9
26.3
3.8

28.0
29.5
15.2
15.2
26.5
50.0
53.8
34.8
3.8

33.8
38.8
25.2
23.0
31.7
28.1
50.4
28.8
10.8

39.6

41.7

36.4

40.9

35.3

47.2

34.4

40.6

41.3

53.8

51.2

46.4

47.3

31.1

34.5

33.5
25.6

32.7
26.4

34.8
24.3

30.9
22.7

32.9
19.2

33.3
33.3

39.3
31.1

43.6
28.7

28.3
29.7

41.3
28.8

54.9
46.3

39.9
31.3

42.5
32.8

28.0
18.9

28.1
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218

34 (113) 2012

SUMMARY

The Value Heterogeneity of the European

Countries Population: Typology Based on
R. Inglehart Indicators (by Vladimir Magun and
Maksim Rudnev)
1. Respondents from 43 European countries
have been classified by latent class analysis (LCA)
on the basis of their responses to questions which
Inglehart used to measure Secular-Rational/
Traditional and Self-Expression/Survival values.
2. Three value classes have been identified.
Members of class 1 (37% of European population)
demonstrate high value of obedience and low
value of self-directed social action. Members of
class 3 (23% of population) have opposite values,
i.e. a strong preference for independent action
and low value of obeying the regulations from the
top. Europeans belonging to value class 2 (40%
of population), combine low value of obeying to
both earthly and heavenly powers with low value of
self-directed activity. Such a combination results
in depriving members of class 2 both of the external
and internal sources of activity.
Our description of classes is different from
R. Ingleharts descriptions of values, since in
our classes Survival values are intermixed with
Traditional ones and Secular-Rational values are
intermixed with Self-Expression ones.
3. All European countries are internally
heterogeneous, each of them has representatives of
at least two value classes and most countries have
representatives of all three value classes. Due to
this fact, each European country has something in
common with each other.
4. The typology describes value differences
between countries in terms of within-country
distributions of three value classes. The share of class
3 members (preference for self-directed autonomy)
exceeds the share of class 1 members (preference
for hierarchy of power) in the Nordic and Western
European countries. The share of class 1 exceeds
the share of class 3 in the Post-Communist and
Mediterranean countries. The share of class 2 (both
external control and self-control have low value) has
low variance between countries, however this share

is bigger in the Post-Communist, Mediterranean

and Western European countries than in Nordic
ones.
5. Age, gender, education level, type of
settlement, parental family have significant effects
on the probability of membership in each of value
classes. The effect of country belongingness on class
membership stays the same after controlling for all
these variables.
The share of people belonging to class 3
increases and share of people belonging to class
1 decreases with the increase of country level of
economic development, and this fact is consistent
with R. Inglehart and his colleagues findings. The
share of people belonging to class 2 is the highest
in the European countries with average levels of
economic development. It is demonstrated that
country share of class 2 is linked with symptoms of
social disorganization such as higher rates of alcohol
consumption, suicide and total deaths by injuries.
All these facts confirm the interpretation of class 2
as a transitional one between the traditional type
of values (class 1) and the type of values, common
in the most advanced societies of high modernity
(class 3).
Situation in the North Caucasus (by
L.D. Gudkov, B.V. Dubin, N.A. Zorkaya,
O.S. Konstantinova, V.A. Plotko, invited experts:
A.A.Ganich, N.V.Zubarevich, A.V.Malashenko).
The paper is a concise version of the research
carried out in 2012 in five Republics of the North
Caucasus: Dagestan, Ingushetia, KabardinoBalkaria, Karachayevo-Cherkessia, and Chechnya.
The authors analyze the respondents overall
evaluation of the situation, beliefs about the
main social issues and existing threats, trust
to social institutions, perception of economic
problems, situation in education and healthcare,
the influence and role of Islam, attitudes to
civil rights and political preferences. The main
reasons for respondents tensions and anxieties are
connected with economic sphere and are common
to Russia on the whole: prices growth, increasing

34 (113) 2012

219

unemployment, dramatic social differentiation.

The inhabitants of all the five Republics distrust
the main institutions of the Russian society
(excluding personalized power figures and symbolic
significance of power structures), are extremely
dissatisfied with the work of absolute majority of
governmental social services, with the condition
of social environment and social communications
in their Republics, including general and higher
education, health care system, support of young
generation, business favoring climate. Poly-ethnic
Republics Kabardino-Balkaria, Dagestan, and
in some respects Karachayevo-Cherkessia are the
pole of the greatest tensions and anxieties. The
pole of more positive evaluations is Chechnya
where, besides being mono-ethnic, particular
relations with the Federal Center and strict order of
monopolized inner management have established.
Respondents in Ingushetia point to the threatening
level of corruption, terrorism and personal
unprotectedness, arbitrary rule of the authorities,
growing indications of anomy, increasing negative
emotional background of existence.
Patriotic Consciousness of Youth in the Republic
of Dagestan (Findings of Sociological Survey) (by
Z.M. Abdulagatov, M.M. Shakhbanov). Sociology
Department of the Institute HAE, DSC, RAS in
cooperation with the Committee on Youth Affairs of
the Republic of Dagestan carried out a sociological
survey which findings allow discussing the main
indicators of youth consciousness in the Republic.
The analysis of forms of patriotism expression is
based on self-identification of respondents. The
authors distinguish confessional, religious, ethnical,
and civil identities, describe prevalence of this
or that identity in different socio-demographic
groups. The main agents of shaping civil identity
and patriotism are, according to the survey, secular
educational institutions.
Caucasus Problems in the Narratives of the
Inhabitants of Caucasus and other Parts of Russia
(by A.Levinson). The North Caucasus as a topos of
historical-political narrative has become the chief
and the greatest source of trauma for the Russian
mass consciousness since the decay of the USSR.
The lasting presence of the topos Caucasus in mass
media, in everyday talks and in political speeches
has led to shaping steady narratives. According
to the author, there are several of them: imperialcolonialist, anti-colonialist, post-colonialist, the
Soviet and Islamic ones. The policy of strengthening
Islam loyal to the authorities inevitably strengthens
the structures that do not bind themselves by such

220

loyalty. Judicial institutions as a rule automatically

consider all non-loyal people to be undermining
elements and take repressive measures against them.
Repressions of the power structures make these
Islamist either join armed underground or leave
for Central Russia or abroad. Corruption is believed
to be one of the main, if not the main, social evils
in the North Caucasus. The attitude to corruption
throughout Russia is similar to that but according
to widespread opinion in Russia, corruption in the
Caucasus is especially great. One of peculiarities of
social situation in the Caucasus is strengthening the
clan system that had become a feature of political
systems in the 1990-s when the ruling structures of
the Soviet regime had gone or stopped working and
the new ones havent emerged yet. The technology
of restraining natural growth of modern social
and economical structures at the expense of using
pre-modern social mechanisms is mastered in
the Caucasus as in a laboratory and then is spread
throughout the entire country.
Belarus at the Turn of Epochs (Sergey
Nikoluk). Basing on the data of sociological research
and continuing the article Belarus: Between Crisis
and Catastrophe the author describes political and
economical situation in Belarus. The population
living standard remains stably low, economic
crisis is far from ending: absolute majority of the
Byelorussians 72% thought in June that the
Byelorussian economics was in crisis. However this
hadnt brought about the rise of protest activity,
maximum (28%) being achieved in September 2011.
The share of respondents considering themselves to
be in opposition to the authorities decreased up to
19% in June 2012, which, according to the author, is
connected with the low level of trust in the society,
as well as with fear of expressing political views.
Poland and Germany by the Russians Eyes.
The image of Poland and the Polish in Russia is
neutral or moderately positive. Obvious minority of
respondents display a negative attitude. Meanwhile
the image of Germany and the Germans is better
than that of Poland and the Polish. The main
associations of the Russians concerning Poland
are connected mostly with the country and
society, while Germany is associated above all with
history. Comparative analysis of the situation in
the three countries shows that Poland is perceived
by the respondents as a country which is closer to
Germany in its political-economical standards than
to Russia. The respondents believe the relations
between Russia and Germany to be considerably
better than those with Poland. The Russians are

34 (113) 2012

of better opinion about Germany and Poland

than about their own country. Almost half of the
Russians maintain that there were such events in the
history of relations between Poland and Russia for
which Poland should feel guilty
Labor Migrants in Russia: Evaluations and
Prospects of Interaction (by Anna Morgunova).
Adopted in 2012 Conception of Migration Policy
up to 2025 as one of the directions of its activity
pointed to promoting transmigration of foreign
workers to their permanent place of residence. This
article dwells on the issues connected with the fact
that labor migration that had been viewed until
recently as a temporary phenomenon is becoming
a regular process which leads to rethinking the
role of subjects of labor relations in the questions
connected with regulation of labor migration in the
nearest future.
Political Participation of Youth in 2011
Parliamentary Election (by Loginova Xeniya).
On the basis of National and Moscow surveys
carried out by Levada Center the author analyses
the influence on youth participation in electoral
and protest activity of such factors as covering
the election in mass media, trust to the State
Duma, interest in the event and politics on the
whole, support of protest participants, as well as
socio-economic characteristics of respondents.
The analysis is conducted by building a logistic
regression. Increasing disapproval of the Parliament
activities and decreasing interest in the election leads
to decline of electoral activity. Protest becomes the
following step of participation after active discussion
and displaying interestedness in the event, increases
social capital of the participants meeting their needs
in communication, in collective action.
From Non-Participation to Action. Civil Political
Activity in Tumen Region in December 2011
September 2012 (by O.Lobanova, A.Semyonov).
The research described includes observation over
protest actions, the survey carried out during the
protest rally For Honest Elections on February 4,
2012, semi-structured interviews and a focus-group
with the participants of protest actions. In public
protests of December 2011 September 2012 a
great amount of people coming out in the streets
were beginners in civil political activity. New
rallies participants turned out to be representatives
of different groups, they were united by initially

common
communicative
background
and
consensus over the slogan For Honest Elections
which was actually identical to the slogan Against
the Party of swindlers and thieves. Mass character
of the first actions and the following authorities
reaction became new stimuli for emotional
contagion and civil enthusiasm, so on December
24 unprecedented number of people with their own
slogans took part in agreed upon rally. However
this voice strategy appeared not lasting: poor
organizational environment, intercepting initiative
in public actions by political gamers (CPRF,
RCRP), and rather effective counter-strategy of the
authorities brought about wide demobilization of
participants.
Protest Movement in Russia through the Eyes of
its Leaders and Activists (by Denis Volkov). In the
article, based on 45 in-depth interviews with leaders
of protest movement conducted by the LevadaCenter in April-July 2012, the author describes
the infrastructure of the protest movement, that
is, major organizations and associations of citizens
involved in the events of late 2011 - early 2012,
how these organizations and associations were
established and developed over time. The author
traces back what the origins of the protests were
and how they evolved. The article also reveals the
motives of movements leaders and activists, sources
of their inspiration, challenges to the movement
as the leaders see them. The first results of the
protest movement are analyzed in the final part
of the paper. The work is provided with extensive
quotations from the interviews.
Dynamics of Changing Self-Evaluations of
the Russian population in 1994-2011 (by Olga
Konstantinova). The aim of this paper is to analyze
subjective beliefs of the Russian citizens about
their social standing and to make out the structure
of references of their status with positions of other
people or groups. This technique allows to find out
whether there is objective (universally meaningful)
system of references in categories or notions of
which representatives of various population layers
evaluate their position in the society. During
20 recent years ideologically shaped notions in
peoples consciousness about the class structure
of the Soviet, then Russian, society have become
vague. The social structure has become significantly
less distinct and definite than it was in the USSR.

34 (113) 2012

221


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