Computer Organization, Bus Structure

Computer Organization, Bus Structure

Bus Structure A communication pathway connecting two or more devices When a word of data is transferred between units all its bits are transferred in parallel ie. The bits are transferred simultaneously over many lines, one bit per line. A group of lines that serves as a connecting path for several devices is called a bus A group of lines connected to different devices is called bus. Bus can carry data and control signals Single bus simple way to interconnect functional units.

Computer Organization, Bus Structure Single Bus Structure

Computer Organization, Bus Structure

All units are connected to this bus Bus can used only for one transfer at a time So only 2 units can actively use the bus at any given time. Only one device at a time can successfully transmit. Single bus low cost and It is flexible for attaching diff devices By using multiple bus simultaneously can transfer more than one data at a time This leads to increase the performance of the system. So the bus can carry several data at a time in parallel such as Power Instructions Data Addresses Commands

Computer Organization, Bus Structure Multiple-Bus Organization The following Figure shows a three-bus structure. All registers are combined into a single block called register file with three ports: 2 outputs allowing 2 registers to be accessed simultaneously. Buses A and B are used to transfer source operands to the A and B inputs of ALU, and result transferred to destination over bus C.

Computer Organization, Bus Structure

Computer Organization, Bus Structure

Diff units in a system having diff speed Keyboard Printer are relatively slow some units are very fast all these devices communicate with each other over the same bus in order to communicate all types of units smoothly include buffer registers with the devices to hold the data during transfer. eg transfer of data between processor and printer Processor sent data over the bus to printer buffer Once the buffer is loaded the printer can start printing With out the interaction of the processor The bus and processor are now free to do another work.