Chemistry

Name Kelly Chong Period 1 Date 2013- 12- 02

! h e M o l e C o n c e " t # n i t $

Moles, Molecules, and Grams La

%s &e'(e already discussed in class, it's easy to ma)e con(ersions et&een moles, molecules*+ormula units, and grams, -or e.am"le, i+ &e &ant to go +rom moles to grams, &e use the molar mass to ma)e this con(ersion, /+ &e &ant to go +rom moles to molecules, &e use %(ogadro's num er, or 0,02 . 1023, -inally, i+ &e &ant to go +rom grams to molecules*+ormula units, &e 1ust use a t&o ste" "rocess &here &e +irst con(ert +rom grams to moles, and then +rom moles to molecules*-,#, 2isually, it loo)s li)e this3 Molar mass Grams #nits 0,02 . 1023 Moles Molecules*-ormula

/n this la , &e &ill e &eighing out +i(e di++erent su stances then +inding out ho& many moles and molecules*-,#, o+ each one &e ha(e, Prela 3 /+ you measure out 24,0 grams o+ Na56 in this la , ho& many moles o+ Na56 &ould you ha(e7 6o& many +ormula units7

24,0 8g9 . 1 8mol9* $0 8g*mol9 : 0,024 8moles9 0,024 8moles9 . 0,02 . 10;23 : 3,<0 . 10;23 8+ormula units9
La 3 /n this la , there are +i(e di++erent alances set u", each o+ &hich has a la eled su stance in a little 1ar ne.t to it, =our 1o is to +ind out ho& many moles and ho& many molecules o+ each su stance are in the canister, >ome in+ormation you might +ind use+ul3 ? sand ? a)ing soda 8Na6C539 ? chal) 8CaC539 ? ta le salt 8NaCl9 ? sugar3 sucrose 8C126225119 Ma)e sure that your la has a data ta le that contains the +ollo&ing3 ? !he name o+ each o+ these su stances ? !he +ormula +or each o+ these su stances ? !he molar mass o+ each o+ these su stances ? !he mass in grams o+ each o+ these su stances, @hen you are done &eighing each material, calculate the num er o+ moles o+ each material, and the num er o+ molecules o+ each one, and "ut them in the right s"ace, %ll calculations must e sho&n on lined "a"er &ith all con(ersion +actors and unit cancelling,

Data !a le3

Name Sand Baking Soda Chalk Table Salt Sugar: Sucrose

Plastic o&l: 2,$$3 g

Formula ? ? ? ? ?
>i52 Na6C53 CaC53 NaCl C12622511

MolarMass 60.08 g/mol 84.007 g/mol 100.0869 g/mol 58.44 g/mol 342.2965 g/mol 1.972 0.985 2.5608 1.747 1.819

Mass(g)

Calculations3 #sing your data, +ind the +ollo&ing (alues, Ma)e sure to sho& all &or) and &rite all num ers &ith the correct signi+icant +igures, 1a. Number of moles of sand: 1,A<2 8g9 . 1 8g9 * 00,0BA 8g*mol9 : 0,032B moles

b. Number of molecules of sand:

0,032B moles . 0,02 . 10;23 : 1,A< . 10;22 2a. Number of moles of baking soda:

0.985 (g) x 1 (g) / 84.007( g/mol) = 0.0117 moles b. Number of formula units of baking soda: 0.0117 moles . 0,02 . 10;23 : <,0$ . 10;21
3. Number of formula units of chalk:

2.56 (g) x 1 (g) / 100.09 (g/mol) x 0,02 . 10;23 = 1.54 x 10^22

4. Number of formula units of salt:

1.747 (g) x 1(g)/ 58.44 (g/mol) x 0,02 . 10;23 = 1.80 x 10^22

5.Number of molecules of sugar:

1.819 (g) x 1 (g) / 342.2965 (g/mol) x 6.02 x 10^23= 3.20 x 10^21

Post La Cuestions3

1. Which of the materials we worked with had the largest number of

molecules/formula units? Was this the material that had the largest weight? Wh ? Chal) had the largest num er o+ molecules* +ormula units, =es, it &as the material that had the largest &eight ecause the more molecules &e ha(e, the larger &eight it &ill ha(e in one mole o+ a gi(en su stance, 6o&e(er, it should e reminded that this might not ha""en +or e(ery single case,

2. Water has a molecular formula of !2". #f # ha$e 5%.% g of water& how man
moles of water do # ha$e? !ow man molecules? 40,0 8g9 . 1 mol* 1B,0 8g*mol9: 2,<B moles 2,<B moles . 0,02 . 10;23: 1,0< . 10;23 molecules

3. 'utane has a molecular formula of (4!1%. #f # ha$e 5%.% grams of butane&

how man moles of natural gas do # ha$e? !ow man 40,0 8g9 . 1mol* 4B,12 8g*mol9: 0,B0 moles 0,B0 moles . 0,02 . 10;23: 4,1B . 10;23 molecules molecules?

4. # had the same weight of water and butane in )roblems 3 and 4. Wh didn*t
the answer come out the same? +,)lain. Decause di++erent su stance has di++erent molar mass, there+ore, they &ill ha(e di++erent moles,