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Solitary Confinement
Solitary confinement is the isolation of a prisoner in a separate cell as a punishment.
The cells are extremely small and the prisoners are left in here for hours on end without seeing or hearing from anyone.
Their sentencing can have them in solitary confinement for years on end. The hours spent alone has said to drive a man crazy. Is solitary confinement to harsh on the prisoners?
A Solitary Confinement holding cell
Stuart Grassian
No outside light except through the slit in the door used to pass food
Human feces on the walls Cold stone/wood floors
Psychological Effects
Panic
Panic attacks/anxiety Claustrophobia Paranoia Obsessive thinking Dizziness
Anger
Agitation Loss of impulse control/ Self mutilation Obsessive violent thinking/ violent outbursts Hyperresponsivity: inability to tolerate ordinary stimuli, such as plumbing EEG abnormalities
Mental Problems
Hallucinations/Illusions Confusions, concentration loss, memory loss Depression Decreased level of alertness Loss of perceptual constancy: objects becoming larger and smaller, seeming to melt or change form
Self Mutilation
Found in 20% of prisoners
Self-harm victims are 70% more likely to commit suicide if they are held in solitary confinement rather than a regular holding cell
Cutting Scratching
Psychological Disorders
Brain Dysfunction Psychiatric Syndrome/ Illness Discreet Syndrome: a constellation of symptoms occurring together
Neurological disorders
Delirium Antisocial Personality Disorders
ADHD
Florid Delirium: a confusional psychosis with intense agitation, fearfulness, and disorganization
Common Disorders
Social Problems
Mental Changes
Statistics
For any behavior modification scheme to work then, there must always be an exquisitely close relationship between behavior and response. Indeterminate or prolonged sentencing to solitary simply has nothing to do with aversive conditioning.
Stuart Grassian
Avoiding Confinement
Separation
Separate prisoners who misbehave into a private cell without being placed in solitary confinement They would be able to communicate with other prisoners or the guards, but not able to leave their cell for outside or workout privileges.
Manual Labor
For misbehavior, they can have bathroom duty, dish washing, sanitizing cells, sweeping floors, rounding up trash from within the prison facility, etc.
Construction
Those prisoners who misbehave but are not dangerous can work in a secluded construction field. This would help the economy, the community, and the prisoner.