MT S CNG THC SINH HC C BN

1) Tng s nucltit N ! m = N x 300v.C ( m : khi lng ca gen)

") C#i$u %&i c'( )#*n t+ ,-N.g/n) L = x 3,4 A
0
N =
(1A
0
=10
-4
=10
-7
mm)
0) S lin 12t #345 c'( )#*n t+ ,-N.g/n) H = 2A + 3G
6) S lin 12t #7( t58 *Gia cc nucltit : N 2
*Trong c phn t ADN : 2(N 1)
9) S :;ng <=>n .C#u 1? <=>n) C = N = C x 20
@) GAi ,1B T1B G1B C1 l& cDc nucltit t5n EFc# 1
GAi ,"B T"B G"B C" l& cDc nucltit t5n EFc# " Theo NTBS gia 2 mach ta c : A1 = T2
T1 = A2
G1 = X2
X1 = G2
GH$ EIt s lJKng A = T = A1 + A2 = T1 + T2 G = X = G1 + G2 = X1 + X2
GH$ EIt tL lM N A% = T% = ( A1% + A2%) = ( T1% + T2%)
G% = X% = ( G1% + G2%) = ( X1% + X2%)
A% + T% + G% + X% = 100%
A1 + T1 + G1 + X1 = 100% ; A2 + T2 + G2 + X2 = 100%
O) S )#*n t+ ,-N.g/n) c=n tF= 5( s(u n lPn n#*n 4i "
n
Q) S nucltit ERi l=Fi Ei t5JSng cung cT) c#= g/n n#*n 4i n lPn l&
A = T = (2
n
1)Agen G = X = (2
n
1)Ggen
U) Vu(n #M giW( g/n :& E,XN rN=N (rN: Tng s nu trn mARN)
rN= Am + Um+ Gm + Xm
Agc = Um
Tgc = Am
Ggc= Xm
X gc= Gm
GH$ EIt s lJKng Agen= Tgen = Am + Um Ggen= Xgen = Gm + Xm
GH$ EIt tL lM N A% = T% = ( Am% + Um%) G% = X% = ( Gm% + Xm%)
G C#i$u %&i ,XN Y,XN!L = x 3,4 A
0
= rN x 3,4 A
0
G Z#i lJKng E,XN rN x 300v.C
1[) S lin 12t #345 \8 )#D :] 1#i g/n n#*n 4i n lPn l& ."
n
^ 1)H
11) S lin 12t #345 \8 )#D :] 1#i g/n n#*n 4i n lPn l& "
n
_H
1") S \` \( Eat Eb =
10) S (<it(Ein Ei t5JSng cung cT) c#= E`t )#*n t+ )5tin - 1=-1
16) S (<it(Ein c'( E`t )#*n t+ )5tin #=&n c#Ln# - 2=-2
19) S lin 12t )/)tit S axitamin 1
1@) S )#*n t+ nJcc \8 l=Fi 5( 1#i #dn# t#&n# c#uRi )=l3)/)tit S axitamin 2
1O)Z#i lJKng )#*n t+ )5tin S axitamin x 110v.
CTu tF= c'( ,-N
2)Phn t ARN:
-Cu tao ca 1 RibNucltit:
Ging cu tao ca 1 Nucltiti, chi khc ch:
+T c thay th bng U
+ng C5H10O4 c thay th bng C5H10O5 (ng Ribzo)
-Cu tao ca 1 chui Poly RibNucltit:
Ging cu tao ca chui Poly-Nu chi khc ch Nucltit c thay bng RiboNucltit.
-Cu tao ca ARN:
Gm 1 chui Poly-Rib-Nu:
3)Phn t Prtin:
-Cu tao ca 1 AxitAmin:
(Gc AxtAmin) R CH COOH (Nhm Caboxin)
|
NH2 (Nhm Amin)
-Cu tao ca 1 chui Poly-peptit:
->Gm nhiu AA lin kt vi nhau, m mi nhm Cacbo ca AA ny lin kt vi gc AA ca AA kia bng lin kt
Peptit.
-Cu tao ca Protin:
Gm 1 hay nhiu chui Poly-Peptit.
Cu trc:
+Bc 1: Mt chui Poly-Peptit di dang thng.
+Bc 2: L cu trc bc 1 xon lai
+Bc 3: L cu trc bc 2 cun lai thnh khi cu
+Bc 4: Gm nhiu khi cu bc 3.
4)on vj tnh:
-1mm = 10^7
-1m = 10^4
-1nm = 10
-Khi long cua 1 Nu = 300 vc = 1 RibNu
-Khi long cua 1 AA = 110 vc
-Chiu dai cua 1 AA = 3
5)Cng thc tinh s long Nu tng loai cua Gen:
Goi tng s Nu cua 1 Gen la N, mach ma gc la mach 1, mach b sung la mac 2:
-A1 = T2; G1 = X2; T1 = A2; X1 = G2;
-A1+T1+G1+X1 = A2+T2+G2+X2 = N/2
-A = T = A1 + A2 = T1 + T2 = A1 + T2 = A2 + T1.
-G = X = G1 + X2 + G2 + X1 = G1 + G2 = X1 + X2.
6)Cng thc tinh tng Nu cua Gen:
-N = A+T+G+X
-N = 2A + 2G = 2T + 2X
7)Cng thc tinh % tng loai Nu cua Gen:
- A% + T% +G% + X% = 100%
- A% + G% = T% + X% = 50%
- A% = T% = (A1%+A2%)/2 = (T1%+T2%)/2
G% = X% = (G1%+G2%)/2 = (X1%+X2%)/2
8)Cng thc tinh tng s Rib-Nu cua ARN
-rN = rA + rU + rG + rX
9)Cng thc tinh s long tng loai Nu cua Gen so voi mARN:
A = T = rA + rU
G = X = rG + rX
10)Cng thc tinh s long Rib-nu tng loai cua mARN so voi mach on cua Gen:
rA = T1
rU = A1
rG = X1
rX = G1
11)Cng thc tinh % tng loai Rib-Nu cua mARN so voi mach on cua Gen:
rA% = T1%
rU% = A1%
rG% = X1%
rX% = G1%
rA% =( rA/rN)*100%
12)Cng thc tinh % tng loai Nu cua Gen so voi mARN:
A% = T% = (rA% + rU%)/2
G% = X% = (rG% + rX%)/2
13)Cng thc tinh s vong xon cua Gen:
C= N/20 = L/34 ()
14)Cng thc tinh chiu dai cua Gen:
L = 3,4 * (N/2)
15)Cng thc tinh khi long phn t cua Gen:
M = 300*N
16)Cng thc tinh lin kt hoa tri cua Gen:
Tng s LKHT cua gen = N+[(N/2)-1]*2 = (N-1)*2
17)Cng thc tinh s lin kt Hidr cua Gen:
H = 2A + 3G
18)Cng thc tinh s Gen con tao ra khi 1 Gen nhn i n ln:
S Gen con tao ra = 2^n
-Lu y:
+N cua 1 Gen con = N cua 1 Gen me
+A cua 1 Gen con = A cua 1 Gen me
+LKHT cua 1 Gen con = LKHT cua 1 Gen me
+LK Hidro cua 1 Gen con = LK Hidro cua 1 Gen me
19)Cng thc tinh tng s Nu mi trong ni bao cung cp khi 1 Gen nhn i n ln:
Nmt = N *(2^n 1)
20)Cng thc tinh s Nu tng loai MTNB cung cp khi 1 Gen nhn i n ln:
Amt = Tmt = A*(2^n 1)
Gmt = Xmt = G*(2^n 1)
21)Cng thc tinh LK Hidro bi pha vo khi 1 Gen nhn i n ln:
Tng LKH bi pha vo = H*(2^n 1)
22)Cng thc tinh LK Hidro hinh thanh khi 1 Gen nhn i n ln
H hinh thanh = H*2^n
23)Cng thc tinh s LKHT hinh thanh gia cac Nu khi 1 Gen nhn i n ln:
LKHT hinh thanh = (N 2) * (2^n 1)
24)Cng thc tinh s LKHT hinh thanh khi 1 Gen nhn i n ln:
LKHT hinh thanh = 2*(N - 1) * (2^n 1)
25)Cng thc tinh s AA cua 1 Prtin:
S AA cua 1 Pr = (rN/3) 2 = (N/2*3) 2 = S AA MTNB cung cp cho qua trinh tng hop 1 Prtin
26)Cng thc tinh s AA MTNB cung cp khi tng hop 1 Prtin:
S AA cua MTCC = (rN/3) 1 = (N/2*3) 1
27)Cng thc tinh s LK Peptit cua 1 Prtin:
S LK Peptit = S AA MTNB cung cp cho qua trinh tng hop Prtin
28)Cng thc tinh s phn t noc giai phong khi tng hop 1 Prtin:
S pt noc = S AA MTNB cung cp cho tng hop 1 Prtin 1
29)Cng thc tinh vn tc trot cua Riboxm trn mARN khi tng hop 1 Prtin:
Vn tc (/s) = LmARN/t (Chiu dai mARN chia cho thoi gian 1 Riboxm trot qua ht 1 mARN)