Robert .

DiIts
STATLCLS O CLNS
Volume 2
AlberI L|nsIe|n
CapitoIa
Neta PubIications
Poept nntc
CTATL LL8
Toi 2
Aep: num:enu
Hepesop c auinnckoio .L. sauoson
Nockea
Hesaencnmas qnpma Knacc
1998
YK i5.55
bbK 88
46
nn1c .
46 C1pa1crnn rcnncn. T. 2. Antcp1 Onm1cn/Iop. c anin.
H.. Hnanonou. M.: Hosanucuman qupma Knacc,
i8. i2 c. (bunuofoka hcuxonoiuu u hcuxofopahuu).
S8N 5-8bJ75-072-J {4)
Aniopf Ounmfoun nonukuu qusuk, ofkpwfun kofopoio hpousnonu
concauuk n mupo nayku, n omocfnonnou u nyxonnou xusnu nonononocfna.
io umn cfano cumnonom ionuaninocfu.
Ofa knuia inyokoo hponuknononuo n mup mwcnu Ounmfouna
moxof nafi nufafonk naxnwo knknu k honumanuk hcuxonoiunockux
hpouoccon, hpoucxonnmux n nunnocfu ionun.
Ipumonnn foxnuku mononuponanun HI, anfop cfpomufcn uccnononafi
cfpafoiuu, kofopwo hpunonu k ofkpwfunm, u cnonafi ux nocfyhnwmu
namomy nochpunfuk. Ocfanifo cyxuo cfopoofuhw ananufunockux
paccyxnonuu, ocnoonufoci us sacfonkon cocfnonnwx oipanunonnwx
mononou mupa. w moxofo pasnufi n coo choconocfi k fnopnockomy
mwmnonuk.
Knuia nwsonof unfopoc no foniko y hcuxonoion u honaioion, no u y
ncox, kfo cfpomufcn naynuficn nosanucumo mwcnufi u naufu cnou hyfi n
xusnu.
i4 Kobort . IIIts
i4 Mota IubIIcatIons
i8 Hosanucuman qupma Knacc,
usnanuo, oqopmnonuo
i8 H.. Hnanona, hoponon
na pycckuu nswk
i8 .M. Kponi, hponucnonuo
i8 A.A. Kynakon, onoxka
Hci:uuume:inoe npuoo ny:uiuuuu nu pyccio+ n:iie npunu0:eum u:0ume:icmoy
He:uoucu+un qup+u X:ucc. tinyci npou:oe0enun u:u eeo qpue+enmoo e: pu:pemenun
u:0ume:icmou cuumuemcn npomuoonpuoni+ u npec:e0yemcn no :uiony.
Orentnte +ksemnnxpt knnr cepnn moxno npnopecrn,
oparnnmnct no apecy:
103064, Mocxna, a/n 373, Hcnxouornn.
IS^ O-i6O-JJ-8 (\SA)
IS^ 5-86J?5-O?O-? (I)
IS^ 5-86J?5-O?2-J (1. II)
5
HA 8 6HC
H 8ObHbH 8T "8C MOY"
noninwo amopukanckuo mocfunocnfwo, koina, kaxofcn, camo
npomn pachaxnynoci, packpwnuci nnopu nayk, nooxunanno okasan-
muxcn coconnmu. ioponko Canfa-Kpyc, ino iuianfckuo u hpokpac-
nwo, nahonnonnwo nosnyxom u noom coknouu nhnofnyk okpyxakf
ynunopcufofckuu ioponok, cfanu coupaficn nuninucf Ipunnop,
hpoipammucf bnnnop, fnoipaq boufcon u mnoio npyioio napo-
na. Ofum nosnyxom nwman u anfop fou knuiu Ioopf unfc.
fo xo camoo npomn, no concom n npyiom nosnyxo, hpumna hopa nnn
noqopmaninwx kpyxkon comuofuku u mofononoiuu n Ioccuu. Mockon-
ckuo comunapw u fapfyckuo konqoponuuu wnu naxnw no cfoniko conop-
xanuom u posynifafamu paofw (xofn unoina fu nomu nooxunanno oka-
swnanuci noucfnufonino naxnwmu), ckoniko, ho-nunumomy, hpocfo
xanpomnuckyccuou u omou kynifypnou afmocqopou ofnocufonino
nwcokou kynifypoomkocfik, kak ckasan Infuiopckuu (. oponuna).
H nfo-fo hpoxno nospumoo, no honfu nnnfnoo oonunnno fux
nknou, iofonwx pasmwkafi wnwo ipanuuw, uckafi u usmonnfi cfa-
pyk kapfuny cfpoioio u hpanuninoio snanun. Cfunucfuko mocfu-
nocnfwx wno hpucymo oxunanuo nyna ykof us nonoio snanun,
nosmoxnocfou u pomanfuku.
HIiupun hpoipammuponanun u cfpykfypnou nuninucfuku (co-
muofuku) c fnoipaqunockou hpununkou ofnaiu chpwinyn c nop-
cfaka u, cxnafun mahonky u asyky, onpo ofhpanuncn n knanonyk
ychoxa. Ionufonu cnufanu: wn w ychox, nonaxno kakou n hcu-
xofopahuu, usnoco, oynonuu a hpomononuponafi oio u nwnonufi
nukcup namo nono. Ioxon sa qopmynou ychoxa (naxo n Kanuqop-
nuu) hofpoonan npomonu u no onnou hapw hponnwx kpocconok. Co-
munapw hpononxanuci nco fak xo, n uipo. O kommopnockou cfopo-
no hponhpunfun foina nymanu mano. Iomynkynycon foxo no ohacanuci:
onu ocfanuci n mpannwx aycfonckux npomonax, hooxnonnwo hpon-
mocfnykmum hokononuom, ofnoninwx hponcfanufonou kofopoio fohopi
hponcfonno hpomononuponafi, nsnn y nux nco nynmoo (um camum, ho-
nunumomy, yxo no nyxnoo).
6
Ipouufupyom qpaimonf samofku o HI us Cnonapn ckohfuka
.. Muxaunonou: Ionopufi nano n-n-hu fo koina nco, nfo
w nymaofo-nonaofo-nunufo-cnwmufo-omymaofo, pasnunnunaofcn na
manonikuo-manonikuo nofaniku. Iponhonaiaofcn, nfo copafi moxno
ho-nonomy u, pasymoofcn, nynmo. hpouocco copku-pasopku nac-
fo onof kpwma, safo hofom kak nononikuu. Ocfanmuocn nofanu nyn-
mo sanopnyfi n fpnhonky u honoxufi n kapman na cnynau, ocnu saxo-
nofcn nopnyficn k ucxonnou noconopmonnou mononu.
1ak nanunanaci uipa n ucop c nanoxnou na fo, nfo monko-
ckoh n pykax naponon homoxof conmocfufi nonmonwu kanounoc-
koh c nonmonou hanonkou. fom hopnom hoxono HI mnoio
foxnuk wno nacmofpono, nacnwmano u nafackano c nyxux honok.
Ioccuk HI hpunofono c hopocfpoonnwmu nofpamu hopomon.
K fomy npomonu na 3ahano hoonnoo mocfnuo nwkopmwma amopukan-
ckou inyunku yxo sanopmunoci u wno ofmonono samofnwmu kono-
munockumu nocfuxonunmu. Mnoio nknou, nononomo kakux hpoqoc-
cuu, copanmuxcn n onnom sano, wcfpo u honfu c iapanfuou oyna-
nuci nonafi fo xo, nfo u panimo, no iopasno nynmo u wcfpoo. H cnopx
foio, mnoium npyium nomam n fom nucno ohfumusmy, xonanuk
monnficn u monnfi nco nokpyi (u nonnou mononocfu n hpunany).
Ofonocfnonnwm ahonoiofam HI kasanoci, nfo c homomik nono-
io mofona moxno no foniko noinafi u hopoinafi ckynnwx akanomunoc-
kux copafion ho hpoqoccuu, no u saonno muiom cxnafufi samopckyk
hfuuy cnacfin. (oni nfow ynopxafi oo, naxo unocfpannwx nswkon
snafi no nano: HI ynunopcaninwu nswk, na omo kakou!).
HI n Ioccuu ypno saunono, nan sannsu n honfu sofopunoc-
kux fpanuuunx fpynnonocfyhnocfu u cnopxnosmoxnocfu. Hokofopwu
hopnnok oio pasnufuk hpunanu nockonikux onimux comunapon c
ynacfuom hopno u nfopohpoxonuon us naninux cfpan. Iofom ono
opono cnoux nopnwx hocnononafonou u pwuapou, no ionopn yxo o
mupnmuxcn pnnax nunonmux, nacnwmannwx u nofponynmuxcn. K
ofonocfnonnomy HI ocoonno hpumonumo usnocfnoo nwckaswna-
nuo ocfoonckoio o fom, nfo ocnu pycckomy maninuky nonopom nafi
kapfy snosnnoio noa, yfpom on nopnof oo uchpannonnou. H kapfa
nanana wcfpo uchpannnficn, hpunuxan noo. 3non of nonoio
pycckoio konokona, ofnufoio os pouohfa, hofok fam u fyf. Hs
Cmononcka u Kancka hponoinu nopoiu kopoounukon c ofopnwm
fonapom nanunan of mamanckux HI-nonuu c nwpwnanuom no-
nockon us oponw komcomoniua Mnuiuna, nupokfopa hpoipoccun-
noio nofckoio cana umonu camoio con, c xonosnwm ycfanom u hpu-
mononuom HI hpu hoonanuu opma n cfapmou ipyhho.
bnusunoci npomn kpyinwx cfonon nnn nopnwx pwuapou, ucfohfan-
mux no onny hapy cannanuu n sanax oxunanun apohopfon u x/n nok-
sanon. nanano camu cnona foxnuku u hpuomw kasanuci maiunoc-
kumu, snanu houipafi n koncfpykfop IO-HI-hponpamonun.
Mnoioo us cnonannoio nacfonmumu poccuuckumu camoponkamu
cfano naswnaficn umonom HI. Ono kasanoci snakom kanocfna. Ipu-
innnonmuci, moxno wno onapyxufi, nfo sannuk hopchokfunw
hopou nachox napuconan, a na honkax noxaf nyxuo fonapw hpu-
omw us npyiux mofonon hcuxofopahuu, fakuo ofkpwfwo, hpupynon-
nwo, xofn nacfo u os oonou packpacku. Of foio foxnuku no cfa-
nonunuci xyxo, no nunofi n HI cyhopmapkof unu sakyconnyk
Maknonaninc c ofnaxonnwm hpousnoncfnom iamypiopon, a no
qapuky nonwx ipos u poaninocfou u no noiycfauuonnwu san ofop-
nwx nkn, xofonoci nanoko no ncom.
HI mofon hocfmonopnusma n hcuxofopahuu. Iohwfka cosnafi
oio, no ncnkom cnynao. Moxof wfi koina-nuyni, n ynymom Ynu-
nopcufofo hcuxofopahuu oio ynyf hpoxonufi na hopnom kypco, nonan
yhpaxnonun, kak n mkono pomanu sananku hpo hoosna u accounw.
ioponko Canfa-Kpyc nwcoko-nwcoko n noo kanakfcn hon nof-
pom nopxymku coknou. nn nux fpucfa nof no nospacf. A Ioopf
unfc humof cnou knuxku honfu nnanuafi nof, kaxnwu pas ofkpwnan
nco nonwo unfonnokfyaninwo somnu, ocmwcnnn ux c nwcofw. Iycfi
cnofuf oio cfpafoiunm ynana. H hycfi fa knuia cfanof omo onnum
maiom nhopon nnn pycckoio nufafonn.
H nco xo xonofcn sakonnufi cnonamu pycckoio hofa, snanmoio
fonk n mononax:
3a honopofom, n inyuno
ocnoio noia,
Iofono ynymoo mno
opnou sanoia.
io yxo no nfnnomi n chop
H no sanacfumi,
Ono pachaxnyfo, kak op,
co nmupi, nco nacfoxi.
cunn Kpunt
8
8CTYHHH
hponucnonuu k hopnomy fomy copuu Cfpafoiuu ionuon n na-
snan fy paofy nohnomonuom nunonun, hocofunmoio monn honfu
nnanuafi nof nasan. Ha onnom us sannfuu kypca Ioaninocfi nono-
nonockoio omonun n Kanuqopnuuckom Ynunopcufofo n Canfa Kpyc
n ocononan c xonom Ipunnopom o fom, nosmoxno nu cocfanufi
kapfy fou hocnononafoninocfu, n kofopou nosaypnnnwo nknu oc-
cosnafonino uchonisykf cnou nyncfna n hpouocco mwmnonun. fo
npomn n wn cfynonfom konnonxa, a xon Ipunnop hpoqoccopom
nuninucfuku.
1a nannnn nuckyccun saponuna no mno mwcni o copiosnom uccno-
nonanuu koinufunnwx haffopnon ncomupno usnocfnwx ionuon, nfo,
c onnou cfoponw, omo onimo hpocnanuf ux, a c npyiou hpuhon-
numof nan ux usopofonunmu sanocy fauncfnonnoio u mucfunockoio
u ofkpoof hyfi nnn ux hpakfunockoio hpumononun. Hnon ofnacfu sak-
nknanaci n fom, nfow oosnanufi fu cfpafoiuu nacfoniko hpocfw-
mu asonwmu fopmunamu, nfo ohponononnwm ux achokfam moinu w
oynaficn naxo nofu n hponnnopuu cnoou ynymou ncfponu c poani-
nou xusnik.
Hfak, kpomonnoo sopno saponunmoucn foina mwcnu nwpocno n
copuk knui.
fomo I n uccnononan fnopnockuo hpouoccw Apucfofonn, Hop-
noka Xonmca hopconaxa pomanon Apfypa Konan ounn, Yonfa
ucnon u oniqiania Amanon Mouapfa. hocnonykmux fomax n
opamyci k cfpafoiunm oonapno na unnu, 3uimynna pouna,
xona Cfkapfa Munna, Hukonw 1ocnw u nokofopwx onoo conpo-
monnwx ionuon, fakux, kak Ipoiopu boufcon, Mouma oninon-
kpaus u Munfon Opukcon.
Ofof fom uonukom hocnnmon Aniopfy Ounmfouny. Honi nannou
knuiu hpoananusuponafi mwcnufoninwu hpouocc u cnopmonun fou
ynukaninou nunnocfu. Ipumonnn koinufunnwo foxnuku noupo-nun-
inucfunockoio hpoipammuponanun, n hocfapakci uccnononafi nokofo-
pwo camwo cymocfnonnwo nomonfw mwcnufoninwx cfpafoiuu u yox-
nonuu Ounmfouna u nanokci hpunusufi ux k nam, nufafoni.
Mnoiuo mwcnufoninwo kchopumonfw Ounmfouna ynnokafoni-
nw u hopasufonino hpocfw, xofn nokofopwo momonfw nnn koio-fo,
nosmoxno, okaxyfcn cnooopasnwm nwsonom. Hnou Ounmfouna
camu ho coo qanfacfunnw. Hufafoni ncoina moxof saoxafi nho-
pon, hpohycfun fymannwo cfpanuuw. Onnako umoufo n nuny: ycu-
nun hpounakmoiocn nopos fopnuu ncoina monpo nosnaipaxnakf-
cn. Hokofopwo inanw n hopokomonnonan w hponocfi nnaxnw (na-
hpumop, o foopuu ofnocufoninocfu) fakomy conopxanuk noo-
xonumo npomn, nfow ynonicn.
H homnufo, nfo knuia sanymana no hpocfo kak uoipaqun; cko-
poo, fo ynonoo hocouo nnn paofw. Moou uonik wno hponocfu
nufafonn n mwcnufoninyk naopafopuk Ounmfouna. Iohpoyufo
nsinnnyfi na hpunwnnwu mup inasamu ionun.
ymak, fo ynof saxnafwnakmum hyfomocfnuom.
C nkonik u ynaxonuom hocnnmak fy knuiy xuno bonucco-
no, onanakmomy pasymom Ounmfouna u copnuom ufaninnua.
iO
HHCO8H
...lymi ue:ooeiu +oeeo munu :ui:uuuemcn o
mo+, umo on 0y+uem u iui on +ic:um, u ne o
mo+, umo 0e:uem u umo nepeuouem.
!
Aniopf Ounmfoun
Aniopf Ounmfoun (i8?i55) no foniko ncomupno hpusnan-
nwu ionuu, no u nunnocfi, hpakfunocku cfanman cumnonom io-
nuaninocfu namoio cfonofun. Iponomnoo hpocfpancfno oio unou
cfoni xo ocnsaomo nnn nyxonnou u couuaninou cqop xusnu, kak
naynnan u qusunockan poaninocfi. On hponcfanun nonyk hapanui-
my mwmnonun, honnunnmyk na pasnunnwo cqopw namou xusnu.
bnaionapn ofkpwfunm Ounmfouna onacfu foopofunockou qusu-
ku cfano nosmoxnwm nacfyhnonuo afomnoio noka, a oio iymanusm
cnyxun u hpononxaof cnyxufi hpumopom nnn ncox ynonwx. 1oopun
ofnocufoninocfu usmonuna nco namo hponcfannonuo o cononnou u
o fakux asonwx achokfax poaninocfu, kak npomn, hpocfpancfno,
mafopun u nopiun. Ounmfoun ckoncfpyuponan nonwo mononu po-
aninocfu u onnonpomonno fnopnocku honnopi comnonuk cymocfny-
kmuo mononu cnooio npomonu.
Kak mw ocmwcnnom fakoio nononoka, kak Ounmfoun Homy mo-
xom y noio naynuficn bwna nu oio ionuaninocfi ionofunocku sako-
nuponannou boxocfnonnwm nnoxnononuom Cnacfnunou cnynauno-
cfik Hnu, noponfno, ohpononunaci ocowm mwcnufoninwm hpo-
uoccom, kofopomy moxno naynufi npyiux Cam Ounmfoun sananan-
cn fomu xo nohpocamu o nonukom Hcaako Hikfono, cosnafono nuq-
qoponuuaninoio ucnucnonun, sakonon ipanufauuu u nnuxonun,
ofuo conpomonnou qusuku, koina hucan:
Hikfon wn hopnwm, komy ynanoci naufu ncno cqop-
mynuponannwu asuc, ucxonn us kofopoio on moi nwno-
nufi mupokoo hono nnnonuu hocponcfnom mafomafunocko-
io mwmnonun, noiuku u n iapmonuu c ohwfom...
Kak fakoo nyno ponunoci n oio mosiy cnu mw cmoxom
cosnafonino u pasymno ofnofufi na fo kak, nohpoc o
1 ambooom u youenuem noconmum +my unuey
uno onuccone, obauoummemy pu1ymom
Ounmmeunu u cepoem umuaonnu.
ii
nyno ofhanaof noomo. Honi nkoio unfonnokfyanino-
io noucfnun cocfouf n opamonuu nyna n nonfo, nfo mox-
no ocosnafi, hocfuinyfi. cnu n fom cnynao nyno camo
hosnonnof fakomy opamonuk cnopmuficn namo nocxumo-
nuo pasymom Hikfona foniko nospacfaof.
2
Hmonno fu pasmwmnonun homoinu mno n houckax ofnofa na noh-
poc, kak cam Ounmfoun pancn sa pomonuo hponomw kak. Ka-
kum opasom poxnanuci oio cocfnonnwo nonoponfnwo unou Mo-
xom nu mw xofn w nyfi-nyfi hpuofkpwfi fauny nynocnwx ymcfnon-
nwx choconocfou oio ionun u opafufi oo n nonfo, hocfuxumoo
namum unfonnokfom, hpu fom nu n manoumou cfohonu no ymoni-
man nocxumonun fum houcfuno nynom
Houpo-nuninucfunockoo hpoipammuponanuo (HI) hponcfannnof
nonwu naop cponcfn, hosnonnkmux makcumanino hpunusuficn k
fou mnoiooomakmou, no onna ynonumou uonu. Muccuou HI
moxno nasnafi ohponononuo u pacmuponuo ipanuu nonononockoio ho-
snanun ocoonno namoio snanun o camux coo. Iponnaiaoman mnou
paofa o Ounmfouno, nfopou fom onimoio uccnononanun o cfpa-
foiunx ionun, nacfi fakou muccuu. Honik oo nnnnofcn mononupo-
nanuo mwcnufoninwx cfpafoiuu nknou, nnocmux cnou nknan no foni-
ko n namo hponcfannonuo o okpyxakmom mupo, no u n snanun o
nac camux. Hanokci, mw cmoxom onapyxufi, kak uchonisonafi fu
cfpafoiuu nnn nonkuuu no foniko nononoka kak uonoiunockoio
nuna, no u nnn naninoumoio pasnufun ncou namou hnanofw.
HI hpucyfcfnyof nokan ononi snanuman nomi nosmoxnocfi
ynunofi nonfo, cfonmoo sa konfokcfom, conopxanuom nonononocko-
io honononun nonunumwo, nnuxymuo fum honononuom cunw.
HI hosnonnof nsinnnyfi na cfpykfypy fou camou mwcnu, kofopan
u homoina ionunm conopmufi ux ofkpwfun. HI onanaof ocoou
cfpykfypou u nswkom, c homomik kofopwx moxno hofahno ofcno-
nufi mwcnufoninwo hpouoccw Mouapfa, oonapno unu Ounmfouna
fakum opasom, nfow onu wnu honnfw u hoponanw npyium.
mo onnum oipomnoumum nknanom HI nasony cnonykmoo: ynu-
non cfonmyk sa nkwm noucfnuom cfpykfypy, mw moxom hoponocfu
conopxanuo foio noucfnun, hpumonufi mwcnufoninwu hpouocc
ionun k nkou cqopo nonfoninocfu nosanucumo of oo conopxanun.
Onapyxun ohponononnwo knknonwo nomonfw, nahpumop hponcfan-
nonun Ounmfouna o qusuko, mw choconw opafufi ux na ocmwc-
nonuo couuaninwx moxanusmon, qqokfunnyk nononyk hpakfuky,
hponomw yhpannonun unu pomonuo nunnocfnwx hponom.
i2
Ypunnn vucnnpunannx
Mononupyn unnununyaninocfi, mw uccnonyom mnoxocfno pasnun-
nwx achokfon, unu yponnou, pasnoopasnwx cucfom u honcucfom,
n kofopwx nunnocfi hponnnnof con. Hahpumop, mw moxom hocmof-
pofi na ucfopunockoo u iooipaqunockoo okpyxonuo, n kofopom xun
Ounmfoun, rc u kura on noucfnonan; usynufi ocooo nunnocf-
noo honononuo u hocfyhku fo ocfi 41u Ounmfoun conopman, na-
xonnci n fom okpyxonuu. nn nac fakxo poanino nsinnnyfi na
unfonnokfyaninwo u koinufunnwo cfpafoiuu u cuucunuc1n, ucxo-
nn us kofopwx Ounmfoun nwupan, kak omy nocfu con n nannom
konfokcfo. Moxno houfu u nanimo n cnoom uccnononanuu u hpo-
ananusuponafi yoxnonun u uonnocfu, mofunupykmuo u qopmupy-
kmuo umonno fu cfpafoiuu mwmnonun u choconocfu, homoiak-
muo unnununyymy poanusonafi cnou uonu n nannom okpyxonuu, fo
ocfi pasopaficn, uu4cvy Ounmfoun nonan nfo-fo umonno fak, umon-
no n fo npomn u n fom mocfo. Y nac ocfi nosmoxnocfi sainnnyfi
naxo inyxo, hwfanci naufu nochpunfuo nononokom con kak nun-
nocfu, u fo, kak fa nunnocfi hponnnnofcn n nannwx noucfnunx nopos
cnou yoxnonun, choconocfu: ocmwcnufi, k1u xo cfouf sa fumu
uu4cvy, kak, 41u, rc u kura.
cfi omo onun kpyi coofnomonuu, honnoxamuu uccnononanuk:
kak usynaoman nunnocfi hponnnnna con no nsaumoofnomonunx c
comiou, konnoiamu, conpomonnukamu, sahannwm omocfnom u oio
kynifypou, c hnanofou, c boiom, nakonou. 1o ocfi, kom wn Ou-
nmfoun ho ofnomonuk k kuvy-1u cmc. pyiumu cnonamu, kak oio
honononuo, choconocfu, yoxnonun, uonnocfu u nunnocfnwo oco-
onnocfu nnunnu u nsaumonoucfnonanu c fou onimou cucfomou,
nacfik kofopou on wn kak unnununyaninocfi, kak nnon omocfna,
kak nyxonnoo cymocfno
Ionwfoxunan hpouocc mononuponanun ionun, mw nknknaom ckna
u fo, kak nsaumonoucfnykf pasnwo yponnu oio xusnonnoio ohwfa.
yxunnu 8ncnnc n Ucnt
A. Kfo n ocfi Hnonfunnocfi Muccun
b. Mon cucfoma yoxnonuu Honnocfu, mofahpoipammw;
Iaspomonuo u mofunauun
. Mou choconocfu Cocfonnuo, cfpafoiun,
nahpannonuo
iJ
I. Hfo n nonak Ocoonnocfu honononun
oucfnun
. Moo okpyxonuo nomnuu konfokcf
Ioakuuu
Okpyxonuo ohpononnof nnomnuo nosmoxnocfu unu, nahpofun,
oipanunonun, c kofopwmu nononoky hponcfouf nsaumonoucfnonafi.
Coofnocufcn c rc u kura" ionun.
Ionononuo fo chouuqunockuo noucfnun unu poakuuu, hpo-
usnonumwo nononokom n nannom okpyxonuu (H1u).
Choconocfu pykononnf noucfnunmu, nahpannnkf honononuo
nopos monfaninyk kapfy, hnan unu cfpafoiuk. (Kak).
Yoxnonun u uonnocfu ycununakf mofunauuk u hosnonnkf po-
anusonwnafi unu sahpomafi hponnnonun choconocfou (Hu4cvy).
Hnonfunnocfi fo cnooopasuo nunnocfu, ono honpasymonaof
poni nononoka n fom mupo, oio muccuk u noomo omymonuo con.
(K1u).
yxonnocfi nknknaof n con onimyk cucfomy, nacfik kofo-
pou nnnnofcn nunnocfi, u nnunnuo, okaswnaomwo cucfomou na nun-
nocfi. (K1u cmc u H1u cmc).
C1pa1crnn
HI, ckopoo, qokycupyofcn na cfpykfypo monfaninoio hpoipam-
muponanun kak na ocnono mwcnufoninoio hpouocca, noxonu na po-
synifafax foio hpoipammuponanun.
HI paccmafpunaof mosi qynkuuonupykmum n ohponononnou
cfohonu ho ananoiuu c komhikfopom. oucfnufonino, mnoioo n fop-
munonoiuu HI (u camo nasnanuo) hopoknukaofcn c komhikfopnou
nokcukou.
Cfpafoiun honona komhikfopnou hpoipammo, n kofopou io-
nopufcn, nfo nam nonafi c hocfyhakmou unqopmauuou. Onny u fy
xo cfpafoiuk hpoipammy moxno hpumonnfi nnn opaofku pas-
nunnoio pona unqopmauuu fak xo, kak hpu paofo c komhikfopom.
Komhikfopnan hpoipamma moxof inacufi: snfi fu nannwo, sa-
fom nof fu, coonunufi u honynonnwu ofnof homocfufi n hamnfi.
Ipoipamma no sanucuf of conopxanun opaafwnaomoio mafopuana.
u ospasnunno, nfo fam conmomaofcn u hopocfannnofcn. Hokofo-
pwo hpoipammw onoo qqokfunnw, nom npyiuo. Hokofopwo cno-
i4
nanw fak, nfow hponcfannonnoo oipomnoo konunocfno unqopma-
uuu moxno wno cokpamafi no ofnoninwx mukpoofposkon. pyiuo
hpoipammw ckoncfpyuponanw nnn paofw c manwm oomom unqop-
mauuu, no c hopchokfunnwm ynonunonuom hocnonnou. Cymocfny-
kf hpoipammw, ohopupykmuo haffopnamu u ocoonnocfnmu camou
unqopmauuu.
Honfo hononoo hpoucxonuf u co cfpafoiunmu nknou. Hx mox-
no nasnafi monfaninwmu hpoipammamu namoio uokomhikfopa
mosia. Ioxanyu, onun us camwx momnwx hopconaninwx komhik-
fopon n mupo fof, nfo pachonoxon moxny namumu ymamu. Ipo-
noma n fom, nfo on no ncoina cnonyof sa uncfpykuuou, a unoina
hpocfo no npyxonkon k honisonafonk. Honi hcuxonoiuu, u HI
n nacfnocfu, hpuofkpwfi sanocy nan nswkom hpoipammuponanun
nonononockou nopnnou cucfomw, nfow mw moinu, nakonou, nou-
cfnonafi onoo noianfno, qqokfunno u konoiunno. Onna us oc-
nonnwx uonou cosnanun fou knuiu usynonuo hpoipamm, nk-
nou, naynunmuxcn nocima qqokfunno yhpannnfi cnoum uokomhi-
kfopom.
Mnkpu-, vakpu- n vc1ac1pa1crnn
Cfpafoiuu hpumonnkfcn na pasnunnwx yponnnx.
Mukpocfpafoiuu qokycupykfcn na fom, kak umonno konkpofnan
nunnocfi n ohponononnwu momonf ocmwcnnof nwhonnonuo ohpono-
nonnou sananu. cnu komy-fo, nahpumop, nano nchomnufi fakyk
noonimyk unqopmauuk, kak fonoqonnwu nomop, kak on fo no-
naof Kak usnnokakf us cnoou komhikfopnou hamnfu fu uuq-
pw Ha fakom mukpoyponno nooxonumo snafi, kakoio umonno pas-
mopa hponcfannnomwo uuqpw, ocfi nu y nux unof, hpoionapunaofcn
nu nnyfponno nchomunaomwu nomop cfi nu hpu fom omymonun n
fono
Makpuc1pa1crnx, ckopoo, nahomunaof mononuponanuo ychoxa
unu nunopcfna hpoipammy onoo nwcokoio yponnn, cocfonmyk
us mnoiux mukpocfpafoiuu. Makpocfpafoiun sanumaof nnufoninwu
hopuon npomonu. Ofo onoo omuo naxnwo maiu n hpouocco nocfu-
xonun posynifafa: fo, kak umonno of fonku A nopaficn no fonku
u, nakonou no fonku C, snoci no fak naxno. cponcfnax nocfuxo-
nun uonu nosmoxna snanufoninan napuafunnocfi. oucfnufonino
naxno onno: nopaficn of A no C, of nananinoio no ucxonnoio hyn-
kfa. wop cponcfn sa namu. Hfak, makpocfpafoiuu coofno-
cnfcn c onoo omumu ohopauunmu u fahamu mwcnufoninoio hpo-
uocca.
Mc1ac1pa1crnn, unu vc1avucnn fo mononi hocfpoonun mono-
nou, cfpafoiun nnn houcka cfpafoiuu, mononi nnn mononuponanun.
Io cyfu, oniman nacfi foio, nfo nam hponcfouf ysnafi us hponna-
iaomou knuiu, fo mofamononu u pnn mofacfpafoiuu, hosnonnk-
mux onapyxufi, kak mwcnunu u noucfnonanu noopnunapnwo nknu
u kak moxno hpakfunocku cmononuponafi ux mwmnonuo u honono-
nuo.
fou paofo mw ynom uccnononafi nco fpu yponnn mwcnufoni-
noio hpouocca Ounmfouna: mukpo, makpo u mofa.
Inan mno hponcfannnofcn fakum:
i) nanafi c asonou mofacfpafoiuu Ounmfouna, c oio
nsinnna na mup, unu hucfomonoiuu;
2) uccnononafi nokofopwo us asonwx makpohpunuuhon
oio fnopnockoio hpouocca hpu cosnanuu naynnwx foopuu
u mononou;
J) uccnononafi omyk cfpykfypy oio mwcnufoninoio
hpouocca u oio (Ounmfouna) hponcfannonun o mwmnonuu
noomo u o ponu nswka n hpouocco mwmnonun;
4) hponocfu mukpoananus nokofopwx chouuqunockux
pohposonfafunnwx nomonfon mwcnufoninoio hpouocca
Ounmfouna;
5) uccnononafi koinufunnwo hpouoccw, cfonmuo sa oio
snamonufou foopuou ofnocufoninocfu;
6) ocynufi achokfw onoo mupokoio hpumononun foo-
puu ofnocufoninocfu u cfpafoiuu ponnfunucfckoio mwm-
nonun Ounmfouna;
?) u sanopmufi nwnonamu o nosmoxnocfu hpumononun
cfpafoiuu u yoxnonuu Ounmfouna n namou honconnon-
nou xusnu, k namum ownonnwm hponomam.
1akum opasom, n nanokci packpwfi fauny hponomw, kak pox-
nanuci boxocfnonnwo mwcnu Ounmfouna, u opafufi nyno oio io-
nun n nonfo, nocfyhnoo namomy honumanuk, n nonfo, choconoo
ooiafufi namy xusni.
i6
1. OHHCTMOOHR OHHUTHHA
Ion hucfomonoiuou honpasymonaofcn cucfoma hosnanun, us
kofopou hpoucfokakf nco ocfaninwo snanun. Ohucfomonoiun ofnoni-
noio nononoka fo cucfoma qynnamonfaninwx hponhonoxonuu u
yoxnonuu, kofopwmu on ohopupyof. Ofo mofacfpafoiun, ionopu-
pykman nco ocfaninwo cfpafoiuu nunnocfu. Kak cucfoma yoxno-
nuu, ona qopmupyof u n fo xo npomn cama qopmupyofcn us xusnon-
noio ohwfw nononoka u cfonmoio sa num mwcnufoninoio hpouocca.
Io cyfu cnoou, hucfomonoiun nnnnofcn ohucanuom camwx ocno-
nohonaiakmux mofunon u uonou, pykononnmux noucfnunmu nunno-
cfu. Yoxnonun, uonnocfu u uonu cunino nnunkf na pasnufuo cho-
conocfou nononoka u cocfnonno na nunnocfi. Hccnononanuo hu-
cfomonoiuu Ounmfouna, fakum opasom, hosnonnof sainnnyfi n
asonwo inyunnwo cfpykfypw pasnufun oio ionun.
Onnaxnw Ounmfouna chpocunu, honomy on nwpan cnoou ona-
cfik qusuky. mocfo foio, nfow cocnaficn na xonanuo honynufi
Hoononckyk Ipomuk, na ocowu unfopoc k ckopocfu afomon unu
qofonon unu k ynanonnwm snosnam u f.h., on ofnofun:
H xony ysnafi, kak Iochoni cosnan fof mup. Mno no-
unfopocno ofnonino fo unu unoo nnnonuo, chokfp foio unu
unoio nomonfa; n xony snafi oio mwcnu. co ocfaninoo
nofanu
i
.
Ofo sannnonuo Ounmfouna honpasymonaof, nfo boxocfnonnwo
mwcnu moinu wfi camwmu qynnamonfaninwmu, hpakfunnwmu u
noianfnwmu qopmamu unu haffopnamu, cymocfnykmumu n ok-
pyxakmou nac cononnou. Ionono Apucfofonk, Ounmfoun nyn-
cfnonan hoyxnonuo k hocfonnnomy houcky nco onoo u onoo aso-
nwx u nanoko unymux nsaumoofnomonuu no cononnou oo aso-
nwx ycnonuu u hopnunnwx hpunuuhon. noucfnufoninocfu on
hocnnfun nna hocnonnux nocnfunofun cnoou xusnu fomy, nfo nasw-
nan foopuou onunoio honn hohwfko ofkpwfi omuo sakonw,
hpannmuo ncom no cononnou of nokfponon no hnanof. 1oopun
i?
onunoio honn hwfanaci nwnocfu ynunopcaninwo cnoucfna mafopuu
u nopiuu n onunom ypannonuu unu qopmyno (k coxanonuk, on fak
u no sanopmun fof qunaninwu fah cnoou paofw).
Ounmfoun nopun u hpunaian nco ycunun k fomy, nfow cfano nn-
nwm cnonykmoo: nco no cononnou nsaumocnnsano u onuno. On yf-
nopxnan, nfo boi hpuofkpwnaof con n iapmonuu ncoio cymoio,
u hponpafun n nono cnoou xusnu ofkpwfuo fou iapmonuu n mupo.
Iauuonaninwu ynonwu, Ounmfoun, ho inyunnou cyfu cnoou
wn nyxonnwm nononokom. Onnako oio konuohuun boia onoo
mupoka u ncooomnkma, nom onimuncfno oquuuaninwx ponuiuu.
On hucan:
nn naunnoio nononoka boi cymocfno, of kofopoio
c nanoxnou xnyf naia u nakasanun, kofopoio cfpamafcn;
fo cynumauun nyncfna, cxonnoio c fom, nfo poonok uc-
hwfwnaof k ofuy; cymocfno, ofcfpanonno ofcfonmoo of nac
na nokom paccfonnuu, kak w inyoko u naioionouno mw
nu ofnocunuci k nomy...
Ho ynonwu nanonon nyncfnom ynunopcaninou hpunun-
nocfu. bynymoo nnn noio nu na uofy no monoo nooxonu-
mo u ohponononno, nom hpomnoo... io ponuiuosnoo nyn-
cfno hpunumaof qopmy nocfopxonnoio usymnonun hopon
iapmonuou ocfocfnonnwx sakonon hpuponw, kofopoo hpu-
ofkpwnaofcn n pasymo fakoio yponnn, nfo ho cpannonuk c
num nco cucfomafunockoo mwmnonuo u noucfnun somnwx
cosnanuu numi cnaoo ofpaxonuo. Ofo nyncfno nony-
muu hpunuuh oio xusnu u paofw, no foniko ocnu omy
ynaofcn ynopxaficn of conasnon ioucfunnwx hpufnsa-
nuu. Ofo sahpononinwu nohpoc, kanocfno cponnu fomy,
kofopwm onananu ponuiuosnwo ionuu ncox nokon.
2
Kommonfapuu Ounmfouna ykaswnakf, nfo oio nochpunfuo boia
onoo nyxonno, nom nochpunfuo um ponuiuu. Cfpafoiuu Ounm-
founa, ckopoo, ofkpwnanu iapmonuu ocfocfnonnwx sakonon, nom
honnopxunanu unu nannswnanu kakyk-nuo ocoyk ponuiuk unu na-
ynnwo yoxnonun. H, kak mw nckopo ynunum, fo nknknano nos-
moxnocfi unfoipuponafi kasanmoocn qynnamonfanino hpofunoho-
noxnwm. annwu hpouocc makcumanino ncno ofpaxon n foopuu
ofnocufoninocfu, on oxnafwnaof nco cqopw oio xusnu. Iopon Ou-
nmfounom kak ynonwm cfonnu cfonofunmu no pomonnwo hponomw
u konqnukfw, kofopwo on cfpomuncn pomufi.
i8
Ha hpofnxonuu hpomnoio cfonofun u nacfunno
hponmocfnykmoio omohpusnannou wna nohpumupu-
mocfi konqnukfa moxny snanuom u nopou. Cponu hopono-
nwx ymon hponanuponano mnonuo, nfo nacfano npomn nco
onimo u onimo samonnfi nopy snanuom. opa, cama ho
coo no hokonmancn na snanuu, cnufanaci cyonopuom u,
ynynu fakonou, nonxna wna wfi ohponopinyfa...
Ofo hpanna, nfo yoxnonun nynmo ncoio honnopxuna-
kfcn ohwfom u ncnwm cosnanuom... Onnako yoxnonun
fu, nooxonumwo u ohpononnkmuo nnn namoio honono-
nun u cyxnonuu, nonisn onapyxufi ucknknufonino na
fnopnou cfoso nayku...
Haynnwu mofon no moxof naynufi nac nunomy, kpomo
foio, qakfw coofnocnfcn u oycnonnonw npyi npyiom.
J
3noci Ounmfoun honnumaof kaxymykcn qynnamonfaninou hpo-
funohonoxnocfi moxny nunnwmu yoxnonunmu, unu nopou, u
naynnwm snanuom. Ofu nna chocoa mwmnonun fpanuuuonno cnu-
fanuci nocohocfanumwmu u naxo anfaionucfunnwmu. Ynonwo cnu-
fanu nopy cyonopuom, unoanucfunnou, ofopnannou of poaninou
xusnu u cnumkom cmyfnou u swkou, nfow nwnonufi us noo na-
noxnwo chouuqunockuo hpanuna, kofopwmu nononok pykononcfny-
ofcn n xusnu.
4
Hayka, n cnok onoponi, hponcfannnnaci nohpoqoc-
cuonanam moxanucfunnou, cyxou, ofcfpanonnou u naxo kopwcfnou.
Ounmfoun, ynynu cam hponcfanufonom nayku, hpusnanan, nfo
nnn qqokfunnoio u nonxnoio wfun n fom mupo nonocfafonno na-
ynnoio mofona:
Hayka umof nokasafonicfn, no sanucnmux of nunnoc-
fu uccnononafonn. axo koina hponmofom uccnononanun
nnnnofcn cam nononok... Konuohuuu, uchonisykmuocn nnn
nwcfpaunanun coinaconannou cucfomw, ucknknakf mo-
uuu. nn ynonoio poanino foniko wfuo, cymocfno-
nanuo, a no ncnkuo hponuo xonanun, ouonku nopa
u sna, uonu on nopxufcn honanimo of ncoio nonknfa-
pucfckoio unu mouuonaninoio. Moxny hponum, fa nopfa
nnnnofcn posynifafom monnonnoio pasnufun, ocoonno sa-
hannou mwcnu.
5
o Ounmfouna ynonwo ninnnwnanuci n okpyxakmuu mup, us-
mopnn u ohucwnan oio, yhyckan hpu fom nnunnuo, kofopoo onu kak
i
nanknafonu moinu na fof mup okaswnafi. axo hcuxonoiu, ka-
sanoci, uinopuponanu qqokf cnooio nosnoucfnun na usynaomwo
umu cosnanun. Hahpumop, Hnan Iannon nukoina no sanymwnancn,
kak oio nsaumoofnomonun c honohwfnwmu coakamu nnunkf na xon
kchopumonfon. On fmafonino konfponuponan ocnomonuo n komna-
fo, snyku u nupauuu, no hpu fom aconkfno no hpunuman n pac-
nof con kak nhonno ocnsaomwu cfumyn nnn xunofnwx, ynfo iono-
pn: Mou nsaumoofnomonun c coakou no nnunkf na oo honononuo.
Caman oniman hponoma fakoio honxona saknknaofcn n fom,
nfo, hponocfannnn qqokfunnwo cponcfna nnn nocfuxonun ohpono-
nonnwx uonou, no sanucnmux of nanknafonn unu uccnononafonn,
on no hponocfannnof nck nooxonumyk unqopmauuk, kofopan oh-
pononnna w, ynof nu kononnwu posynifaf honxonnmum unu ko-
noiunnwm nnn ncou cucfomw u nnn nanknafonn, u nnn ookfa
oio nanknonun. Ounmfoun yfnopxnan:
3nanuo o fom, nfo yxo ocfi, no hpuofkpwnaof nnopi
n fo, nfo nonxno wfi. Moxno conopmonno ofnofnuno u
honnocfik ocosnanafi cymocfnykmoo u n fo xo npomn no
hponnunofi ynymoo nonononockux ycfpomnonuu... Hamo
wfuo u namu nonnun hpuopofakf cmwcn, foniko nnu-
xumwo hononwmu uonnmu-ycfpomnonunmu u coofnocnmu-
mucn c numu uonnocfnmu.
6
3noci Ounmfoun hopoknukaofcn c honoxonuom Apucfofonn o qu-
naninwx hpununax: n xunwx cucfomax noucfnun nahpannnkfcn uo-
nnmu. Choconocfi manuhynuponafi cumnonamu, nanknafi, us-
mopnfi unu usiofannunafi opynun fpyna omo no cosnaof ionun unu
nopohopnnonnoio nononoka. Yoxnonun, fuka u mynpocfi umokf
ofnomonuo k qopmuponanuk qynnamonfaninwx uonou. Onnaxnw
Ounmfoun nahucan:
Conopmoncfno cponcfn u cymnfuua uonou, na mou
nsinnn, xapakfopusykf namy hoxy.
?
Ipouufupyom cnona nonukoio amopukanckoio hcuxonoia unin-
ma xoumca:
Ipofnoponuo ynymux posynifafon u nwop cponcfn nnn
ux nocfuxonun osnanakf hpucyfcfnuo pasyma n nnnonuu.
8
2O
1onno fakxo n HI mw hponcfannnom hocnononafoninocfi koi-
nufunnwx u concopnwx hpouoccon, ohpononnkmux ocoyk monfani-
nyk cfpafoiuk opafnyk cnnsi, umonyomyk 1O1 (Munnop,
i6O). Aponuafypa TOT osnanaof: Tocf Ohopauun Tocf
8wxon (xIt). Konuohuun 1O1 yfnopxnaof, nfo nco monfaninwo
u honononnockuo hpoipammw npamakfcn nokpyi nokoou ycfanonnon-
nou uonu u pasnoopasnwx cponcfn oo nocfuxonun. 1akum opasom,
asonwo hpouoccw mwmnonun ynyf cnonykmumu: T (focf) concop-
nan hponopka unqopmauuu nnn ohponononun, ocfi nu poaninoo hpo-
nnuxonuo nhopon k uonu; safom O (ohopauun) usmononuo kakoio-
nuo ofposka (ynacfka) fokymoio ohwfa fakum opasom, nfow ynon-
nofnopufi fpoonanun cnonykmoio focfa (T) u (nwxon) na nonyk
cfyhoni hpoipammw.
Ipucfanino usynan nknou, nounmuxcn ychoxa n nkwx onac-
fnx, HI nwnnuno fpu onsafoninwx ycnonun ychomnou nonfoni-
nocfu fnopnockou nunnocfu:
i. Iykononcfno ncnou ycfanonnonnou ucnt.
2. Oqqokfunnan opafnan cnnsi nopos concopnwo cnu-
nofonicfna o hponnuxonuu ho nahpannonuk k uonu.
ln6koc1u cpepc1e
npe1eopennn uenn
peannsaunn
onepaunn
TECT
T
BbXOQ
O T
E
Yc1anoenennan
e 6ypyueu uenu
__________
Oeenpnoc1u
poc1nxennn uenn
ODEPAHH
2i
J. Iukocfi honononun, hosnonnkman napiuponafi nou-
cfnun fak, nfow nocfuiafi uonu makcumanino noiko u q-
qokfunno.
Ounmfoun hponhonaian, nfo naynnwo mofonw umokf fonnonuuk
k noswnomocfu cponcfn unu hpouonyp u nwpaafwnakf uonu, kak
hpanuno, napuafunnwo. Haynnwo ohucanun ownno npamakfcn
nokpyi ohponononun hpununno-cnoncfnonnwx ofnomonuu u ofcno-
xunakf cnnsi c cowfunmu hpomnoio (fo, nfo Apucfofoni naswnan
hponmocfnykmumu unu moxanunockumu hpununamu). Ionnfuo
qunaninwx hpunun cowfun sahyckakfcn uonik us ynymoio
no nohyckaofcn naynnwm mwmnonuom. A nco xo fuka u pasym-
nocfi qynkuuu uonou u qunaninocfu.
uninm xoumc hucan:
o nco npomona nononok, ycfpomnnnmuu cnou homwc-
nw k camwm naninum uonnm, onanan naunwcmum unfon-
nokfom.

Coinacno mononu 1O1, namu yoxnonun u uonnocfu nonxnw

wfi fou camou 1ocfonou (hponoponnou) qasou xusnonnwx hpo-
ipamm, a snanun u foxnunockuo mofonw coofnofcfnonno Ohopa-
uunmu, uchonisyomwmu namu nnn nocfuxonun nwcmux uonou.
Iocmofpum, kak Ounmfoun nanan coonunnfi u iapmonusuponafi
ofnomonun moxny snanuom u nopou, ponuiuou u naykou.
Bnop Bmxop
Tec1
pesynu1a1u:
yxoenue
Uennoc1n n
Y6expennn
Onepann
Cpepc1ea:
Hayka -
Bnannn n
1exnonornn
(+)
(-)
22
Hayka fo mnoionokonoo ycfpomnonuo cucfomnoio
mwmnonun oonunufi nco cymuo nnnonun mupa n nauo-
noo honnoo coomocfno...
Ionuiun mnoionokonoo ycfpomnonuo nonononocfna
ncno u honno ocosnafi |qynnamonfaninwo I..| uonno-
cfu u uonu u hocfonnno ycununafi u pachpocfpannfi ux
nnunnuo...
Koina nononok hocfuiaof ponuiuk u nayky n coofnof-
cfnuu c fumu ohponononunmu, foina konqnukf moxny
numu hponcfannnofcn nonosmoxnwm. nn nayku nocfonop-
no fo, nfo ocfi, a no iuhofofunockoo nfo wno w...
Ionuiun, c npyiou cfoponw, cnnsana c ouonkamu nonono-
nockux homwcnon u nonnuu u no moxof sakonno cynufi o
qakfax u nsaumoofnomonunx moxny numu.
iO
Ounmfoun ionopuf, nfo qynkuuu ponuiuu (yoxnonun u uon-
nocfu) u nayku (snanun u foxnunockuo choconocfu) pachonoxonw
na conopmonno pasnwx yponnnx u, cnononafonino, no moiyf konq-
nukfonafi no fox hop, hoka mw omuonno no paspymum unu no
cmomaom fu yponnu (nfo no onunoxnw cnynanoci n ucfopuu nono-
nonocfna). cnu nw moxofo ysnanafi fu pasnwo yponnu, fo ono-
nunno, nfo fu nna hpouocca ckopoo honnopxunakf, nom hpohnf-
cfnykf npyi npyiy.
1ohopi, koina cqopw ponuiuu u nayku nofko pasnono-
nw, moxny numu fom no monoo cymocfnyof cuninoo oo-
knnoo poncfno u sanucumocfi. cnu hpopoiafuna ponu-
iuu ohponononuo uonu, fo cponcfnam oo nocfuxonun
n mupokom cmwcno foio cnona ponuiun naynunaci y na-
yku. Hayka, n cnok onoponi, cosnaofcn fomu, kfo nnox-
nonnon cfpomnonuom k ucfuno u honumanuk. Hcfonnuk
fux nyncfn opof cnoo nanano us nonp ponuiuu.
ii
Coinacno Ounmfouny, nyxonnoo omymonuo muccuu u uonu (no
coofnocnmoocn c moxanucfunockum nfo fo) nnnnofcn ucfonnukom
u mofunauuou naninoumoio naynnoio pasnufun. A ono, n cnok ono-
poni, nonxno cnyxufi inyunnwm uonnm u muccuu, nnoxnonunmum
oio.
Ipokpacnoo ohponononuo fou nsaumocnnsu nayku u ponuiuu nano
Ounmfounom:
2J
Huyiu e: pe:ueuu c:enu, pe:ueun e: nuyiu xpo+uem.
i2
1onno fak xo, kak hopohnofaof Ounmfoun mafopuk u nopiuk,
nonnw u nacfuuw, nnuxymoiocn u nohonnuxnoio nanknafonn,
cunfosupyof on naynnwo u funockuo hpouoccw.
Haynnwo yfnopxnonun qakfon u ofnomonuu na camom
nono no nocyf n coo funockux nupokfun. 1om no monoo,
ux moxno cnonafi pauuonaninwmu u ncnwmu naionapn no-
iunockomy mwmnonuk u mhupunockomy snanuk. cnu mw
hpunom k coinacuk o nokofopwx qynnamonfaninwx funoc-
kux hponhonoxonunx, foina ocfaninwo ynyf nwfokafi us
nux, ocnu ucxonnwo hponhocwnku sannnonw c nocfafon-
nou fonnocfik. 1akuo funockuo hponhocwnku cxonnw c
akcuomamu n mafomafuko
iJ
.
Ounmfoun yfnopxnaof, nfo, xofn conopxanuo nayku u fuku
pasnunno, qopma ux onunakona. akfw u mhupunockuo snanun
cnnsanw c moxanukou namoio honononun u okpyxonuom. Ofuka
opamaofcn k namum yoxnonunm, uonnocfnm u unonfunnocfu.
a, onu naxonnfcn na pasnunnwx yponnnx, no mwcnufoninwo
hpouoccw, ohpononnkmuo namy choconocfi ohopuponafi qak-
famu u uchonononafi nopy, pachonoxonw na fom xo camom ypon-
no. 1o, kak nononok qopmupyof u poanusyof cnou funockuo nos-
sponun, moxof wfi aconkfno unonfunno xapakfopnomy nnn noio
xo hpouoccy naynnoio ocmwcnonun mupa. Ounmfoun hpunonuf
cnonykmuu hpumop:
cnynao c noxik fo moxof hpoucxonufi fak: noxi
paspymaof nonopuo. bos noio couuaninoo cofpynnunocfno
nonaofcn nonosmoxnwm unu, ho kpaunou mopo, safpynnu-
foninwm. Hmonno fo cofpynnunocfno noomo nonaof
xusni nosmoxnou u fophumou. H, snanuf, sahononi Ho
coniu ofcwnaof nac k cnonykmomy fpoonanuk: Hono-
nonockyk xusni nano oxpannfi u boni u honani nonxno
ymonimufi makcumanino
i4
.
Cxonno c Apucfofononou, cfpafoiun Ounmfouna nwnonuf cho-
uuqunockuo chocow honononun u nnnonun na inyunnwo usnanani-
nwo hpunuuhw. H, ncnon sa Apucfofonom, Ounmfoun yfnopxna-
24
of, nfo usnananinwo hpunuuhw u nayku, u fuku nonosmoxno
hpocfo nwnocfu us namoio ohwfa, onu poxnonw nnoxnononuom u
unfyuuuou. H yxo hofom honfnopxnakfcn cnoou hpakfunockou uon-
nocfik.
nn nucfou noiuku nof noochopumwx akcuom, naxo
funockux. Ho c nonku sponun hcuxonoiuu u ionofuku
onu, nocomnonno, cymocfnykf u hopoxnakfcn nuo na-
mumu nnyfponnumu fonnonuunmu, naw usoxafi onu u
ucnosnononun, nuo namumu mouuonaninwmu poakuun-
mu na honononuo cnoux nuxnux
i5
.
1ak xo, kak naynnwo snanun, funockuo yoxnonun nonxnw
hocfonnno hponopnficn concopnwm ohwfom. Yoxnonun hpoucxox-
nonuom cnoum no ncoina onsanw ohwfy, no onu nonxnw wfi opu-
onfupamu, homomnukamu nnn nac n fom xusnonnom ohwfo.
Ofunockuo akcuomw n hpoucxoxnonuu u ohpoonanuu
no cnumkom ofnunakfcn of akcuom nayku. Hcfunnocfi
nof hponopka nnn nkoio ohwfa
i6
.
Ounmfoun honnopkunan nooxonumocfi hocfonnnou opafnou
cnnsu moxny mwcnik u oo concopnwm nohnomonuom. Coinaconan-
nan opianusauun honononun u concopnoio ohwfa oman uoni nnn
fuku u nayku, u, fakum opasom, hponcfannnof coou okonnafoni-
noo honfnopxnonuo ychoxa.
Mopaninoo honononuo, ho Ounmfouny, qynkuun nohpopwnnou
opafnou cnnsu moxny funockumu yoxnonunmu, naynnwm ocmwcno-
nuom u concopnwm ohwfom. H fo no noimafunockan
cucfoma hpanun u oipanunonuu, a xunou opianunnwu
hpouocc, hocfonnno camoononnnkmuucn.
Mopani ho cyfu cnoou no nnnnofcn pas u na-
ncoina saqukcuponannou u sacfwnman cucfo-
mou. Ofo, ckopoo, fa fonka sponun, c kofo-
pou nco nosnukakmuo n xusnu nohpocw moiyf
u nonxnw ouonunaficn. Ofo sanana nukoina no
sanopmonnan, nonfo, ncoina hpucyfcfnykmoo,
pykononnmoo namumu cyxnonunmu u nnoxnon-
nnkmoo namo honononuo.
i6
O1neckne
npek1neu
Haynoe
ocuucnenne
Cencopnu
onu1
25
foopuu cucfom fakou hpunuuh naswnaofcn sakonom noo-
xonumoio mnoioopasun (Omu, i56), snanonuo kofopoio oi-
pomno u nnn nayku, u nnn fuku. coofnofcfnuu c fum sako-
nom, nam nooxonumo hocfonnno uckafi napuanfw ohopauuu u
hpouoccon, uchonisyomwx nnn nocfuxonun xonaomoio posynifa-
fa n ocoom konfokcfo. Ipouoccw, naxo wnmuo qqokfunnw-
mu panoo, moiyf no ocfanaficn fakonwmu, ocnu okpyxonuo u
cucfoma, n kofopou onu hpoucxonnf, usmonunuci. oiko hono-
pufi, nfo nonfo, hpoxno hpunocunmoo ychox, fakum u ocfanof-
cn. Ho fo no fak. 3akon nooxonumoio mnoioopasun inacuf:
nn ychomnou anahfauuu u nwxunanun nnony cucfomw nooxo-
numa munumaninan iukocfi, kofopan nonxna wfi hpohopuuo-
nanina hofonuuaninou napuanfnocfu unu nocfauninocfu ocfani-
nou cucfomw. pyiumu cnonamu, ocnu kfo-fo onsan ocymo-
cfnufi ohponononnyk sanany, nnn oo pomonun n oio apconano non-
xno wfi mnoxocfno cponcfn. Hx konunocfno sanucuf of nucna
nosmoxnwx usmononuu n cucfomo, nnnnkmoucn honom poanusa-
uuu samwcna.
Knknonan hponoma u n nayko, u n fuko saknknaofcn n fom,
nfow canancuponafi n honononuu hpouoccw usmononun, pasnoo-
pasun, usmonnunocfu u fakuo uonnocfu, kak hocfonncfno u kon-
ipynfnocfi. Ofnof cnnsan c fom, ino umonno hpumonufi iukocfi.
cnu hocfonnno kfo-fo hpunopxunaofcn onnou uonu, fo nnn oo no-
cfuxonun omy, nosmoxno, nooxonumo uchonisonafi iukocfi.
Iponoma cocfouf n fom, na kakom yponno nam hofpoyofcn fa iu-
kocfi u na kakom yponno mw nonxnw conknafi aconkfnyk cfauni-
nocfi. cnu nokfo nonxon wfi komhofonfon, ckaxom, n pykonon-
cfno nknimu, n cosnanuu y nux mofunauuu, fo fo kanocfno, no-
comnonno, fpoyofcn hocfonnno. A iukocfi nyxna nnn ymonun
anahfuponafi pasnunnwo mofunauuu k pasnunnwm okpyxonunm.
Iaccmofpum ananoiuk c myswkanfom, usnnokakmum ohpononon-
nwu snyk c ohponononnou unfoncunnocfik snynanun. my nyxno
ymofi hpuchocanunaficn k pasnunnwm akycfunockum qqokfam pas-
nunnwx konuopfnwx sanon, pasnwx myswkaninwx uncfpymonfon u
f.h. nn nocfuxonun honnou komhofonuuu omy nooxonumo cono-
fafi iukocfi n onnux cnynanx c hocfonncfnom n npyiux.
Coinacno sakony nooxonumoio mnoioopasun, mynpocfi, fu-
ka u konoiun cnoum hpoucxoxnonuom no onsanw onnou numi
hpanuninou u nopnou kapfo mupa. Honononocfno no moxof co-
snafi hononou. Honik, ckopoo, nnnnofcn cosnanuo oiafoumou
26
kapfw, ynufwnakmou konoiuk hpuponw, nac camux u mupa, n
kofopom mw xunom.
HI konoiun cnufaofcn naxo onoo inyunnwm hpunuu-
hom, nom fuka, hockoniky fo, nfo funno nnn onnoio, moxof
wfi iyufonino unu nofunno nnn npyioio, unu nnn kakou-nuo omo
nacfu cucfomw oio cymocfnonanun. Ionnfuo konoiuu n HI hon-
pasymonaof omupnyk u oiafyk kapfy u cfpafoiuk, hpuomnomyk u
konoiunnyk nnn ncox nomonfon u oo nosmoxnwx nunamunockux
napuauuu. Ionxon Ounmfouna k nayko u fuko, ckopoo, cxonon c
qynkuuonuponanuom namou nopnnou cucfomw, nom c moxanucfunoc-
kum unu noimafunockum hpouoccom. Apxufokfypa namou nopnnou
cucfomw ycfpoona fonno fak xo, kak panuokomhac. Onnaxnw hony-
nun uoni, on nanunaof camokoppokuuk, camonanononuo na noo.
Koina nw honnumaofoci c mocfa, humofo cnoo umn unu hpocfo pas-
ionapunaofo, nw cosnafonino no cocponofonunaofoci na poiynnuuu
myckyninwx nnuxonuu, usmononuu pannonocun, qokyco cnoux inas
u f.h. Mw hpocfo sannfw fom, ino xofum wfi u nfo xofum nonafi
(qunaninan hpununa), a nama nopnnan cucfoma ho xony noucfnun
anfomafunocku nnocuf nooxonumwo usmononun. kan cfafunnan
cucfoma naynnan unu ponuiuosnan noccfaof hpofun foio qyn-
namonfaninoio hpunuuha nonononockou nopnnou cucfomw. H, kak
cnufan Ounmfoun, hpofun ocnonohonaiakmux hpunuuhon nonono-
nockoio nyxa.
ponnuo snanu nonfo, nfo mw, hoxoxo, sawnu. co
cponcfna nocfuxonun uonu oopnyfcn numi fyhwmu uncf-
pymonfamu, ocnu sa numu no cfouf xunou nyx. H ocnu
cfpacfnoo xonanuo nocfuni uonu xunof n nac, fo no hpu-
xonufcn cofonafi na noxnafky cun n houcko cponcfn oo no-
cfuxonun u hpofnoponun n xusni
i8
.
cnu mw uckponno u cfpacfno xonaom osohacnocfu,
naiococfonnun u cnoonnoio pasnufun fananfon ncox nk-
nou, y nac no nonxno no xnafafi cponcfn nnn nocfuxonun
foio. cnu xofn w manan nacfi nonononocfna cfpomufcn
k fakou uonu, ux hponocxoncfno n kononnom cnofo ynof
nokasano
i
.
3annnonuo Ounmfouna o osohacnocfu, naiococfonnuu u cno-
onnom pasnufuu fananfon nknou ofpaxaof omo onun naxnwu no-
2?
monf n hucfomonoiuu Ounmfouna on usnocfon no ncom mupo kak
nonukuu iymanucf. H fakxo usnocfno, kak ckpomno u cnopxanno
on ofnocuncn k cnoum cocfnonnwm nocfuxonunm. Hocmofpn na
cnany u pohyfauuk ionun, Ounmfoun nukoina no hosnonnn coo
hponnnonuu iousma unu hponocxoncfna. On moi ncfafi na mocfo
npyioio nononoka u omymafi con nacfik nonononocfna:
kaxnom nononoko cymocfnyof oio cocfnonnan koc-
monoiun, u kfo moxof sannufi, nfo numi oio foopun hpa-
nunina
2O
Onnum us asonwx hpunuuhon noupo-nuninucfunockoio hpoipam-
muponanun nnnnofcn hpusnanuo ynukaninocfu kaxnou nunnocfu,
kaxnou mononu mupa. Ofu mononu namu nnyfponnuo hponcfanno-
nun o nnomnou foppufopuu. Iockoniky mw no n cocfonnuu ook-
funno hosnanafi poaninocfi (ona uckaxaofcn, hpounn nopos namu
cyokfunnwo omymonun), n namom pachopnxonuu namu kapfw.
Hcfunnyk hpupony nomou mw nukoina no ysnaom,
nukoina
2i
.
3anom nam fu mononu kapfw mupa Hfow ofwckafi onny,
ucfunnyk, nacfonmyk Hof, onu nyxnw nnn nwcfpaunanun mono-
nu, hosnonnkmou honnouonno cofpynnunafi c okpyxakmumu nac
nknimu.
C hpocfou nonononockou fonku sponun npancfnonnoo
honononuo no osnanaof hpocfo noymonumo fpoonafi nox-
nononnwx panocfou xusnu, no, ckopoo, xonafi onoo cna-
cfnunou nonu ncomy nonononocfny...
fou konuohuuu onno fpoonanuo hponanupyof nan
ocfaninwmu y kaxnoio unnununyyma nonxna wfi nos-
moxnocfi pasnunafi ckpwfwu n nom nap... hofomy nfo nco
noucfnufonino nonukoo u nnoxnonnnkmoo cosnano cnoon-
nou nunnocfik. Oipanunonuo ohpannano foniko n fom
cnynao, koina ocfi yiposa cymocfnonanuk.
cfi omo onno cnoncfnuo fou konuohuuu mw nonx-
nw no foniko fophumo ofnocuficn k pasnununm moxny
nknimu u ipyhhamu, no u hpunofcfnonafi namy nohoxo-
xocfi u nunofi n nou nosmoxnocfi ooiafufi cnou mup
22
.
28
Ounmfoun hpumonnof hpunuuh nooxonumoio mnoioopasun
k honnfuk npancfnonnocfu. mocfo foio nfow ycfanannunafi sa-
kocfononmuu cnon moxanucfunockux hpanun, hponhucwnakmux
hpanuninwu opas noucfnun, Ounmfoun hponosinamaof cyfi
npancfnonnocfu xonanuo cnacfnunou nonu nnn ncoio nononono-
cfna. nn nocfuxonun fou uonu nonocfafonno onnou fophumoc-
fu cnonyof hoompnfi hponnnonun nunnocfnoio u kynifypaninoio
pasnoopasun n okpyxakmom mupo.
cnoou foopuu ofnocufoninocfu Ounmfoun yfnopxnan, nfo nu
onna fonka sponun na cononnyk no moxof wfi poaninoo npyiux.
Ofo yoxnonuo wno inyoko nunnwm nnn Ounmfouna:
H xony, nfow kaxnwu moi cnoonno nwpasufi con,
hofomy nfo ncoina ionopun umonno fo, nfo xofon
2J
.
H nco xo, ynaxan u hpunuman unwo fonku sponun, Ounmfoun
no ocfanancn anapxunnwm, hponosinaman: K nomy nonnonun, nco
panno nco ofnocufonino. 1of qakf, nfo nochpunfuo monnofcn n sa-
nucumocfu of hosuuuu nanknafonn, no nonaof oio noxnwm unu
chopnwm. Hsmononuo na onnom yponno hponhonaiaof cfauninocfi
npyioio. Hahpumop, HI yoxnono, nfo y kaxnoio cymocfnyof cnon
mononi poaninocfu, no hpu fom ocfi nousmonnwo omuo hpanuna,
ho kofopwm fu mononu cfponfcn u opianusykfcn. oucfnufonino,
namo nochpunfuo hponcfannnof coou cmomonuo nyncfnonnwx ohw-
fon, noopaxaomwx koncfpykuuu u mofaqop, sa num cymocfnykf
onoo inyunnwo nousmonnwo qopmw u hpunuuhw. nn foio nfo-
w hpukocnyficn k fum uonnocfnm u uonnm, nam u nooxonumo
pasnoopasuo kapf, hopchokfun u choconocfou.
Ofof hpunuuh ofpasuncn u n couuaninwx nsinnnax Ounmfouna,
cfpomunmoiocn iapmonusuponafi ofnomonun moxny nunnocfik u
omocfnom.
Hnnununyym, ocfannonnwu n onunonocfno c poxno-
nun, wn w hpumufunnwm u snopohononwm n cnoux
mwcnnx u nyncfnax no fakou cfohonu, kofopyk nam onna nu
moxno hponcfanufi. Hnnununyaninocfi nnnnofcn foni-
ko camou coou, u snanumocfi oo cocfouf no cfoniko n
nunnou noponofonu, ckoniko n hpunannoxnocfu k nonu-
komy nonononockomy coomocfny, kofopoo ohpononnof o
mafopuaninoo u nyxonnoo cymocfnonanuo of konwonu no
moiunw.
2
Honnocfi nononoka nnn coomocfna sanucuf hpoumymo-
cfnonno of foio, nackoniko oio nyncfna, mwcnu u hocfyh-
ku nahpannonw no naio oio cohnomonnukam. H n coof-
nofcfnuu c fum mw napokaom nononoka xopomum unu hno-
xum. Kak ynfo nama ouonka honnocfik ohpononnofcn
foniko snanonuom nunnocfu nnn omocfna.
H nco-faku hononoo ofnomonuo moxof wfi nonop-
nwm. Hcno, nfo nco uonnocfu, kofopwo nam naof o-
mocfno, yni onu mafopuaninwmu, nyxonnwmu unu
npancfnonnwmu, cnoum hpoucxoxnonuom onsanw sa-
fopnnnwm n nokax fnopnockum unnununyaninocfnm.
Ionisonanuo oinom, pasnononuo cononwx pacfonuu,
haponou nnuiafoni sa kaxnwm usopofonuom cfouf
ofnoninwu nononok.
1akum opasom, foniko unnununyaninocfi moxof fnop-
nocku mwcnufi u cosunafi nonwo poanuu nnn omocfna
onoo foio, naxo ycfanannunafi nonwo nopmw npancfnon-
nocfu, kofopwm honnunnofcn oio xusni. bos fnopnockux,
nosanucumo nymakmux nunnocfou naninoumoo pasnufuo
omocfna fak xo nomwcnumo, kak u pasnufuo unnununy-
aninou nunnocfu os hufafoninou honnw omocfna
24
.
Hfak, honono nopo u snanuk, unu ponuiuu u
nayko, omocfno u unnununyaninocfi qynkuuonu-
pykf na pasnwx yponnnx (naxonnci hpu fom n ho-
sufunnou nsaumocnnsu). Omocfno qynkuuonupyof
na focfonou qaso, a unnununyaninocfi nwhon-
nnof fnopnockuo ohopauuu, c homomik kofopwx
nocfuiakfcn uonu nwcmoio yponnn.
nn Ounmfouna nunnoo noopaxonuo, nkos-
nafoninocfi u fnopnocfno wnu ocnonwnanci na
concopnom ohwfo hopnocfohonnwmu cponcfnamu
nnn nocfuxonun uonu. Cosunafoninocfi u noopa-
xonuo, nosmoxno, camwo inannwo nopfw ionun.
oopaxonuo hoponocuf nac n poaninocfi, nono-
cfyhnyk nochpunfuk opianamu nyncfn. H koina
fof hpouocc cnyxun na naio ncomy nonononocfny,
nononok nocfuian cnoou cocfnonnou nwcmou uonu.
wcmuo hpunuuhw namux ycfpomnonuu u cyxnonuu
nanw wnu onpoucko-xpucfuanckou ponuiuosnou fpanuuu-
Tec1
enn:
O6uec1eennue
uennoc1n
Onepann
Cpepc1na:
Teopec1eo
nnnoc1n
JO
ou... cnu cnnfi c ux hpunuuhon onanonun ponuiuosnou
qopmw u nsinnnyfi na nucfo mupckyk nonononockyk cfo-
pony, fo, nosmoxno, ncnwm ynof cnonykmoo: foniko
cnoonno u ofnofcfnonno pasnunakman nunnocfi nopo-
nonino u panocfno ofnaof nco cnou cunw na cnyxonuo no-
nononocfny.
H snoci no ooxocfnnnofcn foniko onna nauun unu
knacc, Iot aIono oI an IndIvIIuaI!. co mw no nofu nu on-
noio Ofua, kak inacuf ponuiun
25
Hfak, Ounmfoun c ynaxonuom ofnocuncn k nossponunm ofnoni-
nou nunnocfu, no ohponononnwo posynifafw konkpofnwx noucfnuu
nacunuo u nounw on no moi ohpannafi nu c onnou hosuuuu noc-
hpunfun. Honik ynonoio wno ocosnanuo hpouoccon yhopnnonon-
nwx, iapmonunnwx u cosunafoninwx, a no paspymufoninwx. Oun-
mfoun nohpoknonno sannnnn:
ounw no moiyf wfi nonononnwmu. Hx moxno foni-
ko ynunfoxufi kak qakf
26
.
Afomnan nopiun cosnana nonwu mup, n kofopom nco
honufunockoo anancuponanuo cfano conopmonno occmwc-
nonnwm. Honononocfno n afomnom noko nonxno ofkasafi-
cn of noun. Ha kapfy hocfannona xusni unu cmopfi ncoio
coomocfna.
Ho, ho uponuu, cocfnonnwo ofkpwfun Ounmfouna hpunonu k
cosnanuk onnoio us nauonoo momnwx u cmopfonocnwx nunon opy-
xun, koina-nuo cymocfnonanmux, afomnou omw.
Kononno, ocfi uckymonuo sanafi nohpoc: Kak noomo moxno xufi
u noucfnonafi n mupo, n kofopom nunoio nousnocfno nanopnnka
mupo, kofopwu nonxon ofpaxafi iapmonuk boxocfnonnou mwc-
nu, no chocoon hopoxnafi onosnu, hpocfyhnonun, hwfku u pas-
pymonuo Xupocumw cnu poaninocfi n camom nono ofnocufonina,
kak ocfanaficn n osohacnocfu, n snpanom pasymo u konfponuponafi
nfo-nuo
Cymocfnyof ucfopun o Ounmfouno, hopoknukakmancn c noko-
fopwmu us fux nohpocon. Onnaxnw k Ounmfouny honomon kop-
pochonnonf u, xonan honynufi qqokfnoo unfopnik, sanan fakou
nohpoc: w hpusnanw no ncom mupo ucfunnwm ionuom namoio cfo-
nofun u, moxof wfi, ncou ucfopuu nonononocfna. am pasym cho-
Ji
coon oxnafufi nck cononnyk of kpoxofnoio afoma no kocmoca.
w nunonu, kak namu ofkpwfun ooiamanu mup, no n fo xo npomn
kanonunu u paspymanu nonononockyk xusni, fak nwcoko amu uo-
numyk. Ckaxufo, kakou camwu naxnwu nohpoc cfouf coionnn ho-
pon nonononocfnom
Ounmfoun homonnun, innnn kyna-fo n ockpaunocfi hpocfpan-
cfna, safom hoponon nsinnn nnus u, nakonou, nsinnnyn na pohop-
fopa, hpousnoc: ymak, camwu naxnwu nohpoc: pyxocfnonnan
nu cpona nama cononnan
Ofo camwu naxnwu nohpoc, na kofopwu kaxnwu nonxon ofno-
fufi coo. Ho ocnu mw ofnofum ofpuuafonino, fo ncn nama foxno-
noiun, nco naynnwo ofkpwfun u hpuponnwo pocypcw ynyf pomo-
nw na oochononuo chacufoninou osohacnocfu cfpoufonicfno omo
onimux cfon samufy of fou npaxnonocfu u cosnanuo omo o-
noo momnoio opyxun paspymonun, u n yoxnon, nfo, hpononxan n
fom nyxo, mw hpunom k fakou foxnonoiuu, nfo cmoxom honnocfik
usonuponaficn of nnomnoio mupa, panno kak u ynunfoxufi camux
con.
cnu mw pomum, nfo cononnan noomo ospasnunna k nam u nfo
Iochoni boi na camom nono hpocfo uipaof n kocfu co cononnou, fo
mw numi xopfnw cnynaunoio xpoun u xusni nama ocuonina u
occmwcnonna.
Ho ocnu cnufafi cononnyk npyxocfnonnou, fo nco foxnonoiu-
nockuo, naynnwo ofkpwfun, hpuponnwo pocypcw hocnyxaf cosna-
nuk chocoon u mononou oo hosnanun. Ho cuna u osohacnocfi
hpuxonnf nopos honumanuo oo noucfnuu u hoyxnonuu.
Ounmfoun ononi nkun nwckaswnanuo: boi noynonum, no no
snonamopon.
Kommonfapuu Ounmfouna o npyxonkuu unu npaxnonocfu co-
nonnou hopoknukaofcn c inyunnwm hpunuuhom HI o hosufun-
nom namoponuu (na nokoom yponno nco chocow honononun umokf
hosufunnyk nahpannonnocfi). Ofo snanuf, nfo nco chocow hono-
nonun (c fonku sponun noucfnykmoio nuua) nochpunumanuci unu
nochpunumakfcn kak hpuomnomwo unu nooxonumwo n ohpononon-
nou nnn foio nononoka mononu mupa. knu, n coofnofcfnuu c nan-
nwmu um nosmoxnocfnmu u choconocfnmu, nonakf camwu nynmuu
nwop, nocfyhnwu n ux mononu mupa. koo honononuo, nonax-
no, ckoni nypnwm, osymnwm unu hpunynnunwm ono kaxofcn, noc-
hpunumaofcn ocymocfnnnkmum oio nononokom kak nynmuu n nannwu
momonf nwop.
J2
cnoou hopnou knuio Cfpykfypa Maiuu cosnafonu HI Iu-
napn bnnnop u xon Ipunnop ykaswnanu:
1o, kfo poaiupykf fnopnocku u cofpynnunakf q-
qokfunno, fo nknu, onanakmuo nocfafonno hon-
nwm hponcfannonuom o hpoucxonnmom, o mononu nkou
nosnukmou cufyauuu, nfo hosnonnof um noucfnonafi,
ucxonn us oipomnoio hofonuuana nwopon. Y unwx
namo ncoio foniko nockoniko napuanfon nwopa, nu
onun us kofopwx ux no hpunnokaof... Hfo xo mw ona-
pyxunu Mup cnumkom oipanunonnoo hpocfpancfno,
u nwupafi no us noio Hof, fakuo nknu hopokpwnakf
coo nocfyh k nosmoxnocfnm u nwopy, hofomy nfo fo
no nhucwnakfcn n ux mononu mupa u hofomy ocfakf-
cn nnn nux nonunumwmu
28
.
knu conopmakf nypnwo hocfyhku no offoio, nfo onu c poxno-
nun snonou, no, ckopoo, us-sa cnooio yskoio unu oipanunonnoio
nochpunfun mupa. Ckasano yxo nanno: Hukoina no hpuhucwnaufo
snwm ymwcnam fo, nfo iopasno noino oncnumo inyhocfik. Oun-
mfoun cmonncn: 1oniko nno nomu osipanunnw: cononnan u no-
nononockan inyhocfi, u nacnof hopnou n no ynopon. cnu nononok
c camwmu nopwmu namoponunmu xonof usmonufi nfo-nuyni k nyn-
momy, no yoxnon, nfo onuncfnonnwu hyfi k fomy nacunuo,
foina umonno fum nacunuom u oopnyfcn nopwo homwcnw.
Honik HI nnnnofcn nwnnnonuo hosufunnwx namoponuu nknou
u hocfonnnoo pacmuponuo u ooiamonuo ux mononou mupa. Ofo
hosnonuf um poanusonafi cnou namoponun.
H sanyman fy knuiy u pomuncn mononuponafi Ounmfouna, ho-
fomy nfo, nanopnoo, Aniopf Ounmfoun onoo nom kfo-nuo npy-
iou us xunmux n nnanuafom cfonofuu chococfnonan pacmuponuk
namoio nsinnna na mup u cononnyk.
osmoxno, nynmuu choco honwfoxufi fof pasionop o huc-
fomonoiuu Ounmfouna hpouufuponafi cnonykmoo nwckaswnanuo
camoio ionun:
Honononockoo cymocfno nacfi uonoio, nasnannoio
namu cononnou... nacfi, oipanunonnan npomonom u
hpocfpancfnom. Ono hopoxunaof cnou mwcnu u nyncfna
usonuponanno of ncoio ocfaninoio, honono ohfunockou
JJ
unnksuu cosnanun. Ofa unnksun honouo fkpimw, oi-
panununakmou nac foniko nunnwmu xonanunmu u hpunn-
sannocfik k ononi nomnoium okpyxakmum nknnm. H
nama sanana ocnoonuficn of foio saknknonun, pacmu-
pufi kpyi cnooio conyncfnun u onfi nco xunymuo cosna-
nun u nck hpupony n oo kpacofo.
Hfak, nama muccun cocfouf n ocnooxnonuu camux con us sac-
fonkon cocfnonnwx oipanunonnwx mononou mupa, u ocymocfnufi fo
nosmoxno, foniko ooiaman namu kapfw nonwm hpocfpancfnonnwm
nunonuom mupa. Ounmfoun hponhonaian, nfo cononnan honona
ionoipammo fpoxmopnomy usopaxonuk, n kaxnom ofnoninom
ofposko kofopoio conopxufcn ncn kapfuna. cnu nw pasnonufo io-
noipammy hohonam, cnanana hokaxofcn, nfo nacfi usopaxonun
yfpanona. Ho ocnu usmonufi yion sponun u naknonufi ionoipammy,
fo onapyxufcn, nfo nco usopaxonuo na mocfo. Hfow fo ynunofi,
nano hpocfo usmonufi yion sponun. Moxno hpononxafi paccokafi
ionoipammy na moninaumuo kyconku u, naknonnn ux hon nyxnwm
yinom, ho-hpoxnomy nunofi nco usopaxonuo.
Honononockuo cymocfna (u noomo nco xunwo cosnanun u hpupo-
na) hononw kpoxofnwm kyconkam ionoipaqunockou cononnou.
Hamu fona, omocfno u cononnan cocfannnkf komhnokcnyk cuc-
fomy u nsaumocnnsannwo cycucfomw. Honosmoxno honnocfik uso-
nuponafi kakyk-nuo nacfi of ocfaninou cucfomw.
H n unfopocax ncox nnonon cucfomw honnopxunafi oo konoiun-
nocfi. Ho nacfo ofnoninwo noucfnykmuo nuua n cucfomo no nochpu-
numakf con nacfik foio onimoio u conopmakf maiu, haiynwo
u nnn nux camux, u nnn ncou cucfomw. Ipywu ofou, ockopnnk-
muu xony u poonka, hwfanci fakum chocoom sanoonafi ynaxonuo,
nnuxum camwmu honoxufoninwmu namoponunmu, no nunuf cufya-
uuk numi co cnoou hosuuuu.
Koina onna fnunockan ipyhha hpononuf honufuky ionouuna hpo-
fun npyiou, ok nnuxof xonanuo nwxufi u coxpanufi cnooopasuo,
no ona innnuf na mup co cnoou ckynnou fonku sponun. ooux
hpunononnwx cnynanx ux ynacfnuku nopasymno noucfnykf hpofun
camux con. Ipywu ofou nmocfo ynaxonun nwsonof foniko nonanucfi
u cohpofunnonuo. Hofophumoo omocfno hpoknnnof con, u xoc-
fokocfi k npyium nauunm oopnofcn snopcfnamu k cohnomonnukam.
H nkou ychox, nocfuinyfwu fakum coomocfnom, moxof cymo-
cfnonafi foniko na yponno honononun, na u fo nononio.
3anany nonononocfna Ounmfoun nunon n pacmuponuu kpyia na-
moio conyncfnun u cumhafuu, n ocnooxnonuu us hnona cocfnon-
noio nonoxocfna. Kononno, noino ckasafi, nom cnonafi. nn nw-
honnonun fou sananu nam nooxonumw nonwo cponcfna u foxnono-
iuu, u nonocfafonno hpocfo naiux homwcnon u nopwx hoxonanuu.
Aniopf Ounmfoun onanan ynukanino qqokfunnou cfpafoiu-
ou nochpunfun mupa. Mononupyn oo u hpumonnn k npyium cufyauu-
nm u konfokcfam, n nanokci nnocfu cnou nknan n pomonuo sananu u
nwhonnonuo muccuu, cfoni kpacnoponuno nwpaxonnwx u nohnomon-
nwx camum Ounmfounom.
J5
2. CTATHR OHHUTHHA
R MAKOMOHO8AHHR
Ounmfoun wn onoo nom ynonwm on wn nanfonom. Mono-
nuponanuo ofnunaofcn of npyiux foopofunockux hocfpoonuu fom, nfo
saofufcn no o ookfunnou ucfuno, poaninocfu unu cfafu-
cfunockom yfnopxnonuu, a o hpakfunnocfu, hpocfofo u ani-
fopnafuno.
Hayka fo hohwfka coofnocfu xaofunockoo pasnoo-
pasuo namoio nyncfnonnoio ohwfa c noiukou cucfomnoio
mwmnonun (onanufi n ynuqopmy noiuku). fou cuc-
fomo ofnoninwo ohwfw nonxnw fak coofnocuficn c foopo-
funockou cfpykfypou, nfow fo coinaconanuo wno ynu-
kaninwm u yonufoninwm
i
.
Honi nayku, c onnou cfoponw, cocfouf n makcumani-
no honnom honumanuu foio, kak coonunonw concopnwo
ohwfw n ux conokyhnocfu, u, c npyiou cfoponw, n uc-
honisonanuu hpu fom munumaninoio nucna konuohuuu u
coofnomonuu
2
.
Ounmfoun hponhonaiaof, nfo ychomnoo mononuponanuo cnnsano
co choconocfik nhucwnafi mononi no nco onimyk u onimyk ha-
nopamy concopnwx ohwfon u n fo xo npomn ycununafi noianfnocfi
u hpocfofy camou mononu.
1oopun fom onoo nhonafnnkma, nom makcumaninoo
hpocfofa oo hponhocwnok, nom onimo pasnunnwx nomou
coofnocumw c nou u nom omupnoo onacfi oo hpumono-
nun
J
.
Ipu mononuponanuu, fom no monoo, cymocfnyof ohacnocfi nhacfi
n nposmopnoo acfpaiuponanuo unu hpunononuo k omomy snamo-
nafonk wfi nacfoniko hoinomonnwmu mononik unu foopuou
J6
camumu ho coo, nfo konfakf u opafnan cnnsi c concopnwm ohw-
fom moiyf wfi hofopnnw. Ofo moxof hpunocfu k oomonuk, cfu-
panuk unu uckaxonuk. Ipucnymaomcn k hpokpacnomy conofy Oun-
mfouna:
co nonxno conopmaficn fak hpocfo, kak foniko nos-
moxno, no no upumc. Cnonannoo cnumkom hpocfo, cfa-
nonufcn yupumcnnuv.
4
C npyiou cfoponw, oipanununan con hpu mononuponanuu foni-
ko fom, nfo moxof wfi nohocponcfnonno hponyncfnonano u usmo-
pono, mw hohanaom n nonymky conopxanun u nofanou. H namu mo-
nonu cfanonnfcn ho hpupono cnoou onoo ohucafoninwmu, nom hpo-
usnonufoninwmu.
8uiun aiunuv upcuunuxcnnxv
Hfow yhpannnfi cnoou xusnik u pomafi oo hponomw, mw ho-
cfonnno nwcfpaunaom mononu cnooio cymocfnonanun. ohpoc n fom,
ino hpoxonuf nohycfuman ipani hpocfofw. Ounmfoun hocfonnno
uckan fo hpononinwo hponhonoxonun, ino namo mwmnonuo us cnum-
kom yhpomonnoio hponpamaofcn n nonocfafonno hpocfoo. On ononi
nkun nwckaswnanuo: Hamo mwmnonuo cosnaof hponomw, kofo-
pwo c homomik foio xo fuha mwmnonun no pomufi.
Iasmwmnnn o nomax, mw nacfo nonaom nwnonw, n ucfunnocfu
kofopwx no comnonaomcn, hpunuman ux kak nannocfi. a, fu hpon-
honoxonun homoiakf onymwnafi nfo-nuo wcfpoo u noianfnoo,
no onu xo u hponpamakfcn n oipanunonun, ocnu mw sawnaom o
ux cymocfnonanuu.
Iaccmofpum, nahpumop, cnonykmyk hponomy.
Maninuk u oio ofou hohanu n anfomouninyk kafacf-
poqy. Ofou honynun nosnanufoninwo honpoxnonun u,
nsnonnonannwu, cunuf n hpuomnou, a maninuk n fo npo-
mn naxonufcn n poanumauuonnou hanafo. ohopauuon-
nyk noiaof nokfop u... nnosahno posko ocfanannunaofcn
u nocknuuaof: H no moiy ohopuponafi foio poonka. On
mou cwn! Kfo wn fof nokfop
J?
Y mnoiux nknou n sahannou kynifypo nco omo xuno occosnafoni-
noo hponhonoxonuo, nfo nokfop hpoumymocfnonno nuuo myxckoio
hona. of honomy nokofopwo homonnnf nomnoio, hoka no naunyf
ononunnwu ofnof: nokfop mafi maninuka. Kfo-fo noomo no cmo-
xof ofnofufi, a unwo nannyf usopofafi napuanfw fuha: y maninu-
ka wn ofnum u f.n.
Ounmfoun wn yoxnon, nfo umonno fu kafoiopunnwo hpon-
honoxonun u cosnakf nam onimo hponom, nom cama poaninocfi.
usuk-foopofuk nun bom ykaswnan na cymocfnykmyk n conpo-
monnou qusuko (u n mononu naynnoio mwmnonun noomo) hpono-
my: qusuka cfana hpocfo ohucwnafi fo, nfo usmopnofcn hpuopamu.
...Innnn na ypannonuo, mw n ocnonnom paccnufwna-
om, kak uchonisonafi snoci namu hpuopw u kakuo posyni-
fafw, coofnofcfnykmuo ypannonuk, mw honynum.
...1oniko fo, nfo moxof wfi usmopono hpuopamu,
cnufaofcn poaninwm, hofomy nfo n qusuko umokmum
cmwcn hpusnakfcn foniko posynifafw usmoponuu...
Iponoma saknknaofcn n fom, nfo n hpouocco usmoponun ononi
nacfo cfupakfcn unu nwnufakfcn snanumwo u qynnamonfaninwo
nannwo unu konfokcfyaninan unqopmauun, hofomy nfo hpuopw
nohocponcfnonno no poaiupykf na fu nannwo, hockoniky ohopu-
pykf n nux. 1ak, pwa, hnwnyman n fonmo non, no ocosnaof, nfo
fo okoan
6
.
cnoou foopuu ofnocufoninocfu Ounmfoun hopoknukaofcn c
fumu coopaxonunmu boma u nohocponcfnonno nomoncfpupyof,
nackoniko posynifafw usmoponuu sanucnf of cucfomw koopnunaf, of
fou fonku ofcnofa, ino naxonufcn usmopnkmuu. Ohopauun usmo-
ponun hponcfannnof nousnocfnwo nomonfw. Hpnnunu Hcuupcc-
ncnnuc1n Xcnccpra n qusuko yfnopxnaof, nfo n hpouocco usmopo-
nun, noucfnufonino, monnkfcn hponcfannonun o camom hponmofo.
H ocnu mw usmopnom onun achokf nnnonun, fo hpu fom anfomafu-
nocku hopokpwnaom nosmoxnocfi nunofi u usmopnfi npyiuo ipanu
hponmofa unu nnnonun. Hahpumop, mw usmopnom ckopocfi nnuxo-
nun afoma, no hpu fom nonosmoxno nwnnufi oio mocfonaxoxno-
nuo. Hnu, nahpofun, moxno c fonnocfik ohpononufi, ino on na-
xonufcn, no nonosmoxno ysnafi fonnyk ckopocfi oio hoponnuxonun.
Ioakuun na fo nnnonuo n conpomonnou qusuko cnonykman: ho-
ckoniky mw noucfnufonino no moxom nwnucnufi fy poaninocfi na-
nopnnka, fo nonxnw cmupuficn u nwnucnnfi cponnoo cfafucfunockoo.
J8
nn nononoka, cfpomnmoiocn hosnafi boxocfnonnwo mwcnu,
nnn fakou nunnocfu, kak Ounmfoun, fo nohpuomnomo. 3annun,
nfo boi no uipaof n kocfu co cononnou, Ounmfoun yfnopxnan,
nfo cfafucfunockuo mononu nooxonumw foniko n fox cnynanx, koi-
na nohonnfnw ucfunnwo hopoxnakmuo cucfomy hpanuna, haffop-
nw u hpunuuhw:
Cfafucfunockuu xapakfop nwnomnou foopuu n knan-
fonou moxanuko nnnnofcn nooxonumwm cnoncfnuom nosa-
nopmonnocfu ohucanun uccnonyomou cucfomw.
?
Ofa nosanopmonnocfi nnn Ounmfouna nnnnofcn posynifafom no-
honumanun foio, nfo foopun n poaninocfu ohopupyof no n ofnoni-
no nsnfou cucfomo, a n conokyhnocfu cucfom. H hockoniky noko-
fopwo us cucfom nwhanu hpu fakom ohucanuu us conokyhnocfu,
fo ux nnunnuo na usynaomyk cucfomy hponcfannnofcn cnynaunwm unu
foniko cfafucfunockum. Iaccmofpum ananoiunnyk hponomy: kakou
us cnonykmux nomopon onimo ncoio ofnunaofcn of npyiux
i) Onun
2) 1punanuafi
J) 1punuafi onun
Ha fof nohpoc no ynof hpanuninoio ofnofa, hoka mw no hpu-
nymaom, honomy onun us fux nomopon ocowu unu ynukaninwu.
A ocnu, c npyiou cfoponw, mw ocosnaom, nfo i), 2) u J) foxo
uuqpw, nucno 2 cfanof ononunnwm ofnofom, hofomy nfo fo onun-
cfnonnoo nucno, no conopxamoo uuqp i unu J.
Ounmfoun nyncfnonan, nfo kaxymancn cnynaunocfi namux nank-
nonuu sa poaninocfik no osnanaof ofcyfcfnuo hopnnka n camou po-
aninocfu. Ckopoo, hpu uccnononanuu wna yhymona kakan-fo nacfi
uonou cucfomw, kak n paccmofponnou nwmo sanano c uuqpamu. H
cfafucfuka nooxonuma foniko n fom cnynao, koina yhymonw nax-
nwo momonfw mononupyomou cucfomw.
Honi nayku ycfanonufi omuo hpanuna, ohpononn-
kmuo nsaumocnnsi ookfon u cowfuu no npomonu u hpo-
cfpancfno. nn fux hpanun, unu sakonon hpuponw, fpo-
yofcn osnokasafoninan aconkfnocfi u oocnonannocfi.
Ofo hpoipamma, u nopa n nosmoxnocfi oo nwhonnonun nop-
xufcn foniko na nacfunnom ychoxo.
J
Koina n qonomononoiunockom komhnokco sanoucfnona-
no oipomnoo konunocfno qakfopon,, naynnoio mofona no-
nocfafonno. Ionymaufo foniko o hoiono, koina nonosmo-
xon hpoinos naxo na hnfi nnou nhopon. 1om no monoo,
nukfo no comnonaofcn, nfo snoci mw cfankunaomcn co cny-
naunwm coonunonuom cnynaunwx komhononfon, n ocnon-
nom nam usnocfnwx. Cnynaunocfi n fou onacfu no hon-
naofcn fonnomy hponckasanuk us-sa pasnoopasun ohopu-
pykmux qakfopon, a no us-sa ochopnnka n hpupono...
Mw hponuknu nanoko no fak inyoko n cucfomw, hpa-
nnmuo uapcfnom xunoio, no, fom no monoo, nocfafonno
inyoko nnn foio, nfow omymafi hpanuna ycfanonnonnou
nooxonumocfu. Ionymaufo foniko o cucfomafunockom
hopnnko n nacnoncfnonnocfu, n noucfnuu nnon, nahpu-
mop, ankoionn, u n honononuu opianunockux cymocfn.
Hoio nam nco omo no xnafaof, fak fo hocfuxonun nsau-
mocnnsou inyunnou omnocfu, a no usynonun hopnnka ho-
cfpoonun camoio ho coo

.
Ounmfoun nyncfnonan, nfo kakum-fo opasom sakonw muposna-
nun nocnynaunw unu cfafucfunnw u no cnonyof hpokpamafi houcku
hpocfwx, no ncooomnkmux hpanun, ohpononnkmux asonwo nsa-
umoofnomonun nomou. Ioncnnn cnok fonky sponun, Ounmfoun
hpunon cnonykmyk ananoiuk:
H cfok nahpofun iasonou hnufw, na nou n pnn nno
aconkfno noofnunumwo kacfpknu. Oo nahononuny na-
Cyuec1eykuan
c1a1nc1neckan
uopenu
Cnc1eua
1
Cnc1eua
2
Cnc1eua
3
Coeokynnoc1u
cnc1eu"
4O
honnonw nonou. H samonak, nfo us onnou hocfonnno unof
hap, a us npyiou nof. H ynunnon, naxo ocnu hpoxno nu-
koina no nunon nu iasonou hnufw, nu kacfpknu. Ho ocnu
fohopi n samony nonfo cnofnmoocn ionywm unofom hon hop-
nou kacfpknou, fo hopocfany usymnnficn, naxo ocnu fo
moo hopnoo snakomcfno c iasonwm hnamonom. H moiy foniko
ckasafi, nfo ionyoo nonfo nwswnaof unu, ho kpaunou
mopo, moxof nwsnafi nucncnnc uapa.
Ho ocnu nna fux nnnonun n nanknak conopmonno uso-
nuponanno npyi of npyia, foina n ocfakci usymnonnwm u
pasonaponannwm, hoka no honnnfcn npyiuo ocfonfoni-
cfna, hponcnnkmuo pasnunnoo honononuo nwmonasnan-
nwx kacfpkni
iO
.
Cmwcn fou sapuconku saknknaofcn n fom, nfo Ounmfoun cnu-
faof sakonw, ho kofopwm mw noucfnyom n mupo u ho kofopwm xu-
nof cam mup, no ncoina nwfokakmumu us conopxanun namux ohw-
fon. 1oniko us-sa foio, nfo mw no moxom nohocponcfnonno omy-
fufi unu ohpononufi fu hpanuna unu coonunonun, nonisn yfnopx-
nafi, nfo ux no cymocfnyof noomo. mocfo cfafucfunockux ohuca-
nuu o nosmoxnocfu honnnonun hapa nan kacfpknnmu, Ounmfoun
hocfapancn naufu yhopnnononnyk hocnononafoninocfi moxny nnno-
nuom u nonnnwmu hpununamu, nwswnakmumu oio.
Ounmfoun ykaswnan na fonnonuuk cfafucfunockux mononou uc-
honisonafi nunounwo sakonw n ohucanuu nnnonuu u hwfaficn hna-
nuponafi cowfun. Ho fakum opasom fopnofcn nsaumonoucfnuo
moxny nomonfapnwmu fonamu. Hcfunnwo sakonw no moiyf wfi
nunounwmu, u onu no nwnonumw us nunounwx oncnonuu
ii
. Io-
nopn nswkom Apucfofonn, Ounmfoun yfnopxnan, nfo cymocfnykf
cnopxunakmuo hpununw, panno kak u hponmocfnykmuo hpu-
nunw, kofopwo cnonyof hpunumafi n pacnof hpu mononuponanuu.
Oipomnouman hponoma mononuponanun saknknaofcn n fom,
nfo mononu ocnonanw hpoumymocfnonno na usmoponunx u cfafu-
cfuko, onu ohucafoninw, a no hpousnonufoninw. nun
bom ykaswnan, nfo cfafucfuka knanfonou moxanuku no nfo unoo
kak aniopufm nnn hpunononun n noucfnuo namux uncfpymonfon
i2
,
no ona no nonof nac k onoo qynnamonfaninwm ofkpwfunm. On
pasnonnn ohaconun Ounmfouna, nfo nacfo onoo nnunfoninoo u
naxnoo hpunocufcn n xopfny noino usmopumomy. Ofo nnnnofcn
nocomnonnwm no foniko nnn qusuku. C hononwm nnnonuom cfan-
4i
kunaofcn HI no mnoiux cymocfnykmux counac hcuxonoiunockux
mononnx u mofonax. Mononi nonxna wfi hpouoccyaninwm uncf-
pymonfom, qynkuun kofopoio cocfouf n honynonuu omupnoio
ohucanun ncox namux ohwfon.
Io konfpacfy c ohucafoninou n hpousnonufoninou mononu conop-
xufcn munumaninoo nucno ocnonnwx hpanun, hpousnonnmux os-
ipanunnoo pasnoopasuo komunauuu u posynifafon. nonononoc-
kom nswko, nahpumop, nomnoio ohponononnwx ipammafunockux
hpanun, naionapn kofopwm mw moxom coonunnfi ofnocufonino
manoo nucno cnon n occnofnoo konunocfno hponnoxonuu.
Kncpnc1nka fo onacfi nayku, usynakman nsaumonoucfnuo
cucfom u nomonfon n camou cucfomo. cnoou cfafio fopan ku-
opnofuka Maiupo Mapynma naof noianfnoo ohponononuo fou nu-
nommo, na kofopyk ccwnancn Ounmfoun n cnoux nospaxonunx ho
honony cfafucfunockou knanfonou moxanuku. Ioni unof o pocfo u
pasnufuu uonoiunockux cucfom:
Konunocfno unqopmauuu
nnn ohucanun honynonnwx haf-
fopnon iopasno onimo foio
konunocfna, kofopoo nooxo-
numo nnn ohucanun hpousno-
nufoninwx sakonon u honoxo-
nuu hopnonananinwx fkanou.
Iaffopn poxnaofcn ho hpanu-
nam u naionapn nsaumonou-
cfnuk fkanou. C fou fonku
sponun nonisn honynafi un-
qopmauuk o nspocnou ocou,
usynan foniko mpuonaninwo
fkanu. Ona qopmuponanaci ho
mopo ux pocfa u foniko n po-
synifafo ux nsaumonoucfnun.
Ounmfoun fakxo nyncfnonan, nfo cfafucfunockuo mononu oni-
mo sannfw ohucanuom honynonnwx haffopnon-posynifafon, nom
houckom hpousnonnmux fu posynifafw sakonon. Onu ofnkni no
hponcfannnkf coou fonky ofcnofa nnn naninoumoio pasnufun. Ipu-
nnfuo ohucafoninwx cfafucfunockux mononou osnanaof ofkas of ho-
ucka qynnamonfaninwx oonunnkmux sakonon, ho kofopwm xunof
cononnan.
C1a1nc1neckne
uopenn
n onncannn
Hponseopnune
sakonu
Easoeue
aneuen1u
Ha11epnu n
onu1u -
pesynu1a1u
esanuopec1enn
uexpy
nponseopnunun
sakonaun n
6asoeuun
aneuen1aun
42
Ounmfoun wn yoxnon, nfo fu sakonw moxno ofkpwfi numi
n hpouocco pasnufun, a no hyfom hpunoxonun k qusunockum nnno-
nunm cfafucfunockux mopok. of nfo ionopun o fom Mapynma:
... onimuncfno cnynaon nonosmoxno onapyxufi
hpocfoumuo hpanuna qynkuuonuponanun mononu hocno
foio, kak noucfnuo sanopmunoci, ocnu foniko no hwfafi-
cn hpumonufi nco naopw hpanun. cnu hocnonnuo nous-
nocfnw, fo nnn ux houcka honanoufcn iopasno onimo
unqopmauuu, nom nnn ux ohucanun. Ofo snanuf, nfo hpo-
nykfunnoo ynof ofcnoxunafi hopchokfuny hpouocca, nom
pofpochokfuny. Ionofuk hofpafuf maccy npomonu u nop-
iuu, hwfanci nwnocfu xapakfopucfuku mpuona us xapak-
fopucfuk nspocnoio opianusma
i5
.
Iponoma ofcnoxunanun hopchokfunw hpouocca cocfouf n cno-
nykmom: nom nuxo mw k hosnanuk noucfnufoninwx mononou, co-
snakmux cfpykfypy cononnou, fom nanimo of concopnoio ohwfa,
fom noocnsaomoo conopmonnwo namu ofkpwfun. oucfnufonino, mw
no moxom nunofi, cnwmafi unu nyncfnonafi nsaumonoucfnuo afom-
nwx nacfuu unu nohocponcfnonno omymafi ipanufauuonnyk unu
nokfpomainufnyk cunw. Mw nochpunumaom u usmopnom foniko
posynifafw ux noucfnun u hocfynupyom noopaxaomyk ckoncfpyupo-
nannyk fnxocfi nnn oncnonun qqokfa. Ounmfoun wn yox-
non, nfo konuohuuu cuna fnxocfu, nokfpomainufnan cuna,
afomw, hpununa qqokf, nopiun, naxo npomn u hpo-
cfpancfno wnu no mnoiom hpousnoninwmu koncfpykuunmu, pox-
nonnwmu noopaxonuom (a no nnomnum mupom), nnn foio nfow
kafoiopusuponafi u yhopnnonufi concopnwo ohwfw. On hucan:
Hononoky wno ncno nunno, nfo ohponononnwo kon-
uohuuu, nahpumop, fakuo, kak hpununnocfi, no moiyf
wfi nwnononw us mafopuaninoio ohwfa noiunockumu mo-
fonamu... co, naxo camwo hpunuxonnwo k ohwfy kon-
uohuuu paccmafpunakfcn c fonku sponun cnoonno nw-
pannoio noiunockoio coinamonun
i6
.
Hamu opianw nyncfn noucfnufonino no nochpunumakf fakuo
honnfun, kak hpununw. Onu koncfafupykf foniko hocnononafoni-
nocfi cowfuu: cnynunoci nonfo, cpasy sa num hocnononano nfopoo.
4J
Hahpumop: nononok ynapun ho cfnony nopona fohopom, safom
nopono yhano; unu xonmuna nfo-fo ckasana poonky, u poo-
nok pachnakancn, unu coionnn connonnoo safmonuo, u na cno-
nykmuu noni hpousomno somnofpnconuo. Coinacno Ounmfouny,
mw moxom ckasafi, nfo nononok nwsnan hanonuo nopona, xon-
muna sacfanuna poonka hnakafi unu us-sa safmonun connua hpo-
usomno somnofpnconuo, no fo foniko nochpunumaoman hocnono-
nafoninocfi cowfuu. Ipununa fo cnoonno nwpannan nnyf-
ponnnn koncfpykuun, hpumonnoman k cufyauuu. C fou xo noikoc-
fik moxno wno ckasafi: cuna fnxocfu nwsnana hanonuo nopona,
nopoanusonanmuocn oxunanun sacfanunu poonka hnakafi unu
nnyfponnuo cunw somnu nwsnanu somnofpnconuo.
Ounmfoun ykaswnan, nfo ocnonnwo hpanuna, ho kofopwm mw
noucfnyom n fom mupo, u fo, ho kofopwm xunof cam mup, no nu-
numw nnn nac. On honwfoxunan:
1oopuk moxno hponopufi ohwfom, no nof hyfu of
ohwfa k hocfpoonuk foopuu
i?
.
Iononan nunomma c fou xo cunou hpumonuma u k hcuxonoiuu,
nonponoiuu u, nosmoxno, k nkou onacfu nonononockou nonfoni-
nocfu. Hom nuxo mw k hopnonananinwm hpununam, ohpononnk-
mum noci nam ohwf, fom nanimo of ocnsaomou poaninocfu. Mw no
n cocfonnuu qusunocku omyfufi qynnamonfaninwo hpunuuhw u
hpanuna, hopoxnakmuo namo honononuo u ohwf. Mw nochpunu-
maom foniko hpousnononnwo umu qqokfw. cnu w mosi hohw-
fancn nochpunnfi con, nousoxno nosnuknu w fomnwo hnfna.
H cnona, hockoniky nwnocfu qynnamonfaninwo hpunuuhw us
onnoio foniko ohwfa nonosmoxno, cfafucfunockuo ohucanun u us-
moponun no hpunonyf nac k fum ocnonnwm sakonam. Mw nonxnw
uchonisonafi anifopnafunnwu hpouocc. Io konfpacfy co cfafucfu-
nockou mononik knanfonou moxanuku, Ounmfoun hponnoxun nmo-
cfo nwnononun mononou unu kapf mupa cfpoio us cfafucfunockux
nannwx u usmoponuu (nco panno nam nukoina no ysnafi, nfo hpon-
cfannnof coou ucfunnan foppufopun) pasnunafi nonwo mononu po-
aninocfu, poxnonnwo noopaxonuom u cnoonnwm mwmnonuom,
nonwo kapfw mupa u hponopnfi ux nanknonuom.
usuka ycfanannunaof noiunockyk pasnunakmykcn
cucfomy mwmnonun, ocnona kofopou no moxof wfi onu-
44
mona of ohwfa; oo qopmupyof cnoonnoo usopofafoni-
cfno. okasafonicfno ucfunnocfu cucfomw hokoufcn na
honfnopxnonuu concopnwm ohwfom. Ofnomonuo hocno-
nnoio k hopnomy moxof hocfuiaficn foniko unfyufunno.
Ononkuun unof n nahpannonuu nospacfakmou hpocfofw
noiunockou ocnonw. nn nocfuxonun fou nonkuuu mw
nonxnw hpusnafi fof qakf, nfo noiunockuu asuc nco
nanimo of concopnoio ohwfa, u fpoha, nonyman namy
mwcni of qynnamonfaninoio asuca k honynonnwm n po-
synifafo ocmwcnonun yfnopxnonunm, cfanonufcn nco o-
noo noniou u fpynnou
i8
.
of honomy Ounmfoun cnufan noopaxonuo u cnoonnyk uipy
c konuohuunmu cfoni naxnwmu. Onu moiyf ofkpwfi fakuo nnopu,
kofopwo usmoponunm u cfafucfuko naxo u no cnunuci. Kakum-fo
opasom noopaxonuo noucfnufonino hpunuxaof nac k poaninwm
moxanusmam u cfpykfypo namoio nochpunfun. oopaxonuo n oni-
mou mopo hopoxnaofcn namum mosiom, a no ohwfamu nnomnoio
mupa. H hockoniky nco mononu mupa ckoncfpyuponanw mosiom, fo
nauonoo qqokfunnwmu u ychomnwmu nnnnkfcn fo, kofopwo nau-
onoo nusku k chocoy qynkuuonuponanun mosia u hofomy ocfo-
cfnonnw. Ioxnonnoo n nonpax namou nonponoiunockou cucfomw
noopaxonuo moxof oochonufi makcumaninoo conhanonuo.
Ounmfoun homon naxo nanimo, ionopn:
...co namo mwmnonuo ho hpupono cnoou cnoonnan
uipa c konuohuunmu. Ofa uipa ohpannana fom oospumwm
concopnwm ohwfom, kofopwu mw honynaom c oo homomik.
Konuohuun ucfunw omo no moxof wfi hpumonuma k
fou cfpykfypo
i
.
cosnanuu umonno fakoio hopnnka concopnwx ohw-
fon ohpononnkmum qakfopom nnnnofcn onun ychox
2O
.
3amofifo, Ounmfoun cnufaof, nfo foopun nonxna coofnofcfno-
nafi namomy concopnomy ohwfy (no foniko usmoponunm u cfafucfu-
ko). Cnumkom nacfo foopofuku sanumakfcn kak pas hpofunohonox-
nwm honionkou u ohwfon, u cfafucfunockux nannwx hon cnou
foopuu.
Ounmfoun naof hponcfannonuo oo ncom hpouocco mononupona-
nun n cnonykmux cfpokax:
H nuxy, c onnou cfoponw, conokyhnocfi concopnwx
ohwfon u, c npyiou, conokyhnocfi konuohuuu u hpon-
honoxonuu, sahonafnonnwx na cfpanuuax knui.
Ofnomonun moxny konuohuunmu u hponhonoxonunmu
honnunonw noiuko, a sanana noiunockoio mwmnonun cfpo-
io oipanunona nocfuxonuom coonunonuu moxny konuoh-
uunmu u hponhonoxonunmu, n coofnofcfnuu co cfpoio yc-
fanonnonnwmu sakonamu noiuku.
H konuohuuu, u hponhonoxonun u, fakum opasom,
conopxanuo opofakf cmwcn foniko nopos coonunonuo
c concopnwm ohwfom. Coonunonuo fo nucfo unfyufun-
noo, ho hpupono cnoou noiuko no honnunnkmoocn. Cfo-
honi ynoponnocfu n fom coonunonuu, fou unfyufunnou
komunauuu nonxna wfi hpunnfa kak nannocfi, u foni-
ko fo (u nunoio onimo) ofnunaof hycfwo qanfasuu of
naynnou hpannw.
Cucfoma konuohuuu cosnana nononokom, a fakxo cun-
fakcunockumu hpanunamu, ohpononnkmumu cfpykfypy
konuohfyaninwx cucfom.
Xofn konuohfyaninwo cucfomw noiunocku aconkfno
hpousnoninw, ux uoni no-hopnwx, ycfanonufi honnoo
coinacuo c conokyhnocfik nyncfnonnwx ohwfon; u no-nfo-
pwx, honnopxunafi nonunaumoo pasnoopasuo nxonnmux n
nux noiunocku no sanucumwx nomonfon (asonwx konuoh-
uuu u akcuom), f.o. noohponononnwx konuohuuu u omo no
hocfynuponannwx hponhonoxonuu
2i
.
46
J. 6A3O8AR CTYKTYA
MbCHTbHOH CTATHH
OHHUTHHA
Hspannan Ounmfounom onacfi qusuka, no nco mw cfanku-
naomcn c nunommou n pomonuu hponom, cxonnwx c fou, nfo ohu-
cana n oio fpynax. Iponoma fa honona cumhfomy, hpununa ko-
fopoio nonnna us-sa cnoxnocfu nu camou cucfomw unu us-sa foio,
nfo no ynfonw nco oo cocfannnkmuo, kofopwo moinu w nnocfu cnou
nknan n hponomnoo hpocfpancfno. Iopasmwmnnufo nan fako-
io pona opianusauuonnou hponomou, hofonuuanino nosnukakmou
hopon inannwm yhpannnkmum komhanuu.
w nosinannnofo qapuky . Hananinuk namoio k-
chnyafauuonnoio ofnona yhpannnof mocfik puianamu us
nocimu nononok, paofakmumu hon pykononcfnom mocfu
macfopon. w oochokoonw no cnumkom hpousnonufoni-
nou paofou puian. Iaonuo n fux puianax nwhonnnkf
foniko cnou nohocponcfnonnwo qynkuuu. posynifafo
samonnnkfcn u paofa, u nwhonnonuo hpoipammw ncoio
ofnona. Cufyauun monnofcn foniko n kcfponnwx cnynanx.
am fakxo usnocfno, nfo nnn onoo qqokfunnou nonfoni-
nocfu ocfi nco ycnonun, fak kak ypononi choconocfou u
komhofonfnocfu namux paonux nocfafonno nwcok.
Iaofaofo nu nw mononxopom, sannfw nu n opianusauuonnou
cqopo unu nof, na munyfy sanymaufoci o fom, kak w nw honomnu
k pomonuk fou hponomw. Hapocaufo cnou coopaxonun na y-
maio. Iosnnoo mw nopnomcn k fomy, u ynof ononi unfopocno, kak
monnkfcn ho xony nfonun fou knuiu namu mwcnu.
Hanopnoo, nw yxo sananu coo nohpoc: A kak fakou ionuu, kak
Ounmfoun, hpunusuncn w k oo pomonuk osmoxno, onimun-
cfno us nac hpocfo ofknonuno w fof nohpoc: kak moxof ownnwu
cponnuu nononok nfopinyficn n mwcnufoninyk naopafopuk io-
4?
nun Ho fohopi, noopyxonnwo foxnukamu hcuxonoiunockoio mono-
nuponanun HI, mw moxom sainnnyfi n mwcnufoninwo hpouoccw
ionun. Iaccmofpon nokofopwo mukponomonfw, cocfannnkmuo oio
mwcnufoninyk cfpafoiuk, mw cmoxom nynmo honnfi fnopnockuu nap
Ounmfouna.
Hanopnoo, nynmum nananom namoio uccnononanun ynof snakom-
cfno c hponcfannonunmu Ounmfouna o mwmnonuu, hosnanuu
u pasymo. Ounmfoun wn qusukom, a no hcuxonoiom, no oio
hpoqoccuonanusm n opamonuu c hcuxonoiunockumu hpouoccamu
occhopon. unnocfi Ounmfouna usynanu, sanananu omy nocmofnoo
konunocfno nohpocon, kacakmuxcn oio foopofunockux ofkpwfuu, on
omancn c nonunaumumu hcuxonoiamu namoio cfonofun. Ynonoio
nacfo unfopnikuponan ocnonafoni iomfanif-hcuxonoiuu Makc op-
mouop. Ounmfoun akfunno hopohucwnancn c 3uimynnom pounom,
ocyxnan qynnamonfaninwo nomonfw unnununyaninou u couuani-
nou hcuxonoiuu u paccmafpunan ux n achokfo cnyxonun mupy na ncou
somno.
Inyokoo hponuknononuo n mup mwcnu Ounmfouna, n oio mwc-
nu o mwmnonuu moxof nafi nam naxnwo knknu k honumanuk hcu-
xonoiunockux hpouoccon, hpoucxonnmux n nunnocfu ionun.
Koina onimuncfno nknou nymaof o Ounmfouno, fo hponcfan-
nnkf coo sahyfannwo mafomafunockuo qopmynw occnnsnwo ka-
pakynu, ncnwo foniko nomnoium qusukam-sofopukam nonfo co-
nopmonno no honnnacfnoo honumanuk cponnoio nononoka. Ho ocnu
opafuficn k camomy Ounmfouny, fo kaxofcn, nfo n oio fnopnoc-
kom mwcnufoninom hpouocco concom no sanoucfnonana mafomafuka.
Hu onun noucfnufonino hponykfunnwu nononok no
mwcnuf n fakou ymaxnou manopo. Ofo numi hosnnouman
qopmynuponka ocmwcnnomoio, onu nyxnw nnn hucimon-
nou qukcauuu hpouocca. Akcuomw hoponakf cyfi n cxa-
fou qopmo. Koina hpuxonuf ofkpwfuo, fo chucwnafi oio
ynonoo u hpomo fakum opasom; no mwcnu-ofkpononun no
nwpacfakf us manuhynnuuu akcuomamu
2
.
mocfo hpocnannonun nocfuxonuu cnooio pasyma unu okyfwna-
nun ux cnoxnwmu mafomafunockumu qopmynamu Ounmfoun yfnop-
xnan: cn nayka nunfo unoo, kak opaofka honconnonnoio mwm-
nonun
J
.
Kak u Ounmfoun, HI coofnocuf asonwo hpouoccw honconnon-
noio mwmnonun c concopnwm ohwfom:
48
Ham hcuxonoiunockuu ohwf cocfouf us npkou hocno-
nonafoninocfu concopnwx ohwfon, kapfun-nochomuna-
nuu, opason u omymonuu. ofnunuo of hcuxonoiuu,
qusuka opamaofcn nohocponcfnonno k concopnwm ohw-
fam.
4
Ounmfoun pasnunaof: i) concopnwo ohwfw kak unqopmauuk
o okpyxakmou cpono; 2) kapfunw nochomunanuu unu nhonafno-
nun, ocfanmuocn of honynonnwx concopnwx ohwfon; J) opasw
(hponhonoxufonino nnyfponnoio hpoucxoxnonun n ofnunuo of con-
copnwx ohwfon, hpuxonnmux us nnomnoio mupa) u 4) nyncfna
(namu cyokfunnwo poakuuu na concopnwo ohwfw, nochomunanun
u opasw). Io Ounmfouny, fu nofwpo kafoiopuu qopmupykf co-
nokyhnocfi ohwfon, us kofopwx mw ofupaom u komunupyom,
nwcfpaunaom cocfnonnwo monfaninwo mononu mupa.
C fonku sponun HI, unfopocno samofufi, nfo oio ohponononuo
ononi nusyanino xpkax hocnononafoninocfi, kap1nnu nocho-
munanuu, opasw. On yhomunaof omymonun, no concom no
coofnocuf ux nu c aynuaninou nu c nopaninou pohposonfafunnou
cucfomou.
H noucfnufonino, Ounmfoun yfnopxnan, nfo nnn nauonoo sna-
nufoninwx oio ofkpwfuu nswk (nopaninwu unu mafomafunockuu)
no uipan hpakfunocku nukakou ponu. unfopnik Makcy opmou-
opy o pasnufuu foopuu ofnocufoninocfu, Ounmfoun sannun:
Mwcnu fu no hpuxonnf n kakom-nuo nopaninom
nohnomonuu. H noomo ononi ponko nymak cnonamu.
Mwcni hpuxonuf, u foniko hocno foio n moiy hohwfafi-
cn nwpasufi oo n cnonax. Koina n (opmouop) samofun,
nfo mnoiuo mwcnnf ncoina cnonamu, on foniko paccmonn-
cn
5
.
mocfo cnon unu mafomafunockux qopmynuponok Ounmfoun, ho
oio yfnopxnonuk, mwcnuf hpoumymocfnonno nusyaninwmu opasa-
mu u omymonunmu. hucimo k koinufunnomy hcuxonoiy Hkony
Xanamapny Ounmfoun oncnnn:
Hswk unu cnona, nahucannwo unu hpousnoconnwo,
hoxoxo, no uipakf nukakou ponu n moxanusmo mooio
mwmnonun. usunockuo cymnocfu, kaxofcn, cnyxamuo
4
nomonfamu mwmnonun, fo ohponononnwo snaku u o-
noo unu monoo ncnwo opasw, kofopwo moxno nopononi-
no nochpousnonufi u komunuponafi.
Cymocfnyof, kononno, ohponononnan cnnsi moxny fu-
mu nomonfamu u coofnofcfnykmumu noiunockumu kon-
uohuunmu. H fakxo ncno, nfo cfpomnonuo nwufu nako-
nou na noiunocku cnnsnwo konuohuuu cnooio pona mo-
uuonaninwu asuc n nocfafonno cmyfnou uipo c nwmoyho-
mnnyfwmu nomonfamu. Ho, nsnfan c hcuxonoiunockou
fonku sponun, hononan komunafopnan uipa hponcfannn-
ofcn cymnocfnou nopfou hponykfunnou mwcnu no foio
momonfa, kak honnufcn kakoo-nuo coonunonuo c noiunoc-
kou koncfpykuuou n cnonax, n npyiux nu snakax, noc-
fyhnwx nnn nochpunfun.
wmoyhomnnyfwo nomonfw n moom cnynao nusyani-
noio u unoina myckyninoio fuha. Ycnonnwo snaku unu
cnona nnn ohucanun mwcnufoninoio hpouocca honnnnkf-
cn foniko na nfopunnom faho, koina ofmononnan accouu-
afunnan uipa honnocfik ycfanonnona u moxof nochpous-
nonuficn ho xonanuk... 1uhunnwu nnn monn cfuni mwm-
nonun nusyaninwu u mofopnwu. Koina na cuony nako-
nou nfopiakfcn cnona, onu nnn monn nocnf nucfo aynua-
funnwu xapakfop, u honnnnkfcn foniko na nfopunnom
faho
6
.
Hfak, Ounmfoun sannnnof, nfo nopaninwo unu mafomafunockuo
pohposonfauuu oio mwcnou hpuxonnf foniko uucnc foio, kak nax-
noo fnopnockoo mwmnonuo cnopmunoci. io fnopnockoo mwmnonuo
hpoxonuf nopos nnyfponnuo nusyaninwo opasw (V
I
n HI nusy-
aninoo nnyfponnoo) u mofopnwo unu myckyninwo kunocfofunoc-
kuo omymonun (Kn HInnn kunocfofuku).
1oniko hocno foio, kak nusyaninwu opas nocfafonno xopomo
cqopmuponan, on hopononufcn na nopaninwu unu mafomafunockuu
hnacf A
d
(Aynuanino-nuiufaninoo). Hnfopocno, nfo Ounmfoun naxo
uchonisyof fopmun nmomafonicfno, nfopxonuo nnn ohucanun foio,
kak cnona honcfpaunakfcn k oio cfpafoiuu.
cfpafoiuu Ounmfouna opianusauun u uccnononanuo unqopma-
uuu hpoxonnf n qopmo komunafopnou uipw nusyaninwx opason
u fonocnwx omymonuu. Aynuanino-nuiufaninan (unu nopaninan)
cucfoma uchonisyofcn hpoumymocfnonno nnn ouonku posynifafon
5O
fou uipw n coofnofcfnuu c noiunockumu hpanunamu coonunonun
nomonfon, a hosnnoo nnn ohucanun honynonnwx nopos nusyanino-
kunocfofunockyk hofnk koncfpykuuu.
Ioxnonnwo nnyfpu nyncfna unu mouuu (nnyfponnuo kunocfofu-
nockuo omymonun) cnyxaf mofunauuonnou u nonymou cucfomou n
cfpafoiuu mwmnonun Ounmfouna.
Ofu nyncfna hponocfannnkf unqopmauuk o ofnocufoninou co-
onunonnocfu (u, hponhonoxufonino, o nonocfafonnocfu fakonou)
moxny nusyaninou u kunocfofunockou uipou u noiunocku onoo
cfpounwmu nopaninwmu u mafomafunockumu mononnmu:
(V
i
K) kou6nna1opnan nrpa"
(K
i
) -eny1pennne yec1ea
(A
d
) -norneckne konuenunn"
Ounmfoun onoo honno oncnun poni fux nnyfponnux nyncfn:
Ha hpofnxonuu ncox fux nof y monn wno omymonuo
nahpannonun, hpoxoxnonun hpnmo nhopon k nomy-fo kon-
kpofnomy. Ofo, kononno, ononi fpynno nwpasufi cnona-
mu, no fo wna fa caman pomakman hpununa, u ona nnno
ofnunanaci of paccmafpunaomoio hpoxno noiunockoio po-
monun. Kononno, sa fakum hpufnxonuom ncoina cfouf
nonfo noiunockoo, no hopono mnou ynfo ofkpwnancn ka-
kou-fo nun, fo wno kakum-fo opasom nusyaninoo hpon-
cfannonuo.
Hfak, fu nonymuo nyncfna qynkuuonuponanu, opuonfupynci
na nokyk onimyk kapfuny unu oospumwu nun. H fof hpo-
uocc of oospumoio nuna k nyncfny, omymonuk nahpannonun
hpoucxonuf no foniko vcxy komunafopnou uipou u noiunoc-
kumu konuohuunmu, no u kakum-fo opasom na komunafopnou
uipou, nnunn na noo c onoo nwcokoio yponnn, honono kykoni-
nuky, manuhynupykmomy mapuonofkou. Ha onoo nuskom yponno
noucfnykf nusyaninwo u myckyninwo, unu mofopnwo kunocfo-
5i
funockuo nomonfw, yhpannnomwo knknonwm mouuonaninwm omymo-
nuom nahpannonun c onoo nwcokou u mupokou oospumou hosuuuu.
opmoumop honwfoxun fy mwcni:
onnononw nna nahpannonun: c onnou cfoponw, oo-
spuma ncn kapfuna, c npyiou cfpykfypa ncox cocfannn-
kmux oo nacfou
8
.
Cnonykman nuaipamma nomoncfpupyof fo, nfo nam ynanoci nw-
ncnufi o cfpafoiuu Ounmfouna no coio momonfa:
Qnarpamma aaono mmcnn1enuno c1pa1ernn Onm1ena
Ounmfoun naof hpokpacnoo ohucanuo foio, kak oio komuna-
fopnan uipa c opasamu nonof k onimou kapfuno:
Hfo fakoo, cocfnonno ionopn, mwmnonuo C fonku
sponun nyncfnonnwx nhonafnonuu fo nosnuknononuo
opasnwx nochomunanuu, no fo omo no mwmnonuo. H
koina nwcfpaunaofcn copun fakux usopaxonuu, fo nco
panno omo no mwmnonuo. Ho koina onna ohponononnan
O1an 1
Muunenne"
lny6nnnan c1pyk1ypa
O1an 2
Kouuynnkaunn"
Hoeepxnoc1nue
c1pyk1ypu
Bnsyanunu o6sop" nnn 6onu-
uan kap1nna" coepnnennn"
uexpy aneuen1aun n nornec-
knun konuenunnun", cospak-
unun ouyuenne nanpaene-
nnn"
V
i
-> K
i
Cnoea nnn ppyrne snakn, ko-
1opue uoxno coo6un1u ppy-
rnu"
V
i
-> A
d
Kou6nna1opnan nrpa" c ensy-
anunuun" nnn uyckynunuun"
aneuen1aun
V
i
n K
e
52
kapfunka oopanunaofcn n pnny mnoiux fakux copuanon,
foina umonno us-sa fux honfoponuu ona u hponpama-
ofcn n opianusykmuu nomonf n copuu, coonunnof ux,
hpoxno pasomonnwo. Iononwu nomonf cfanonufcn
uncfpymonfom, konuohuuou

.
cnon sa Apucfofonom Ounmfoun ionopuf, nfo nu nnunnun op-
ianon nyncfn, nu nnyfponnoio nochpousnononun ux n qopmo kap-
fun-nochomunanuu, nu naxo accouuafunnoio coonunonun concop-
nwx ohwfon no nocfafonno nnn cfpykfypuponanun mwcnufoninoio
hpouocca. nn Ounmfouna ohpononnkmum nomonfom mwmnonun
nnnnofcn konuohuun opianusykmuu nomonf, onapyxuna-
omwu honfoponuom no mnoxocfno ohwfon; Apucfofoni naswnan fof
hpouocc unfyuuuou. HI mw naswnaom fakou coonunnkmuu
copuk ohwfon nomonf haffopnom.
"Konennn" -"Oprannaymn anemen1",
coepnnnmn cepnm onm1on
Y nac ocfi omoo hponcfannonuo o fom, kak Ounmfoun uchonisonan
n honconnonnom mwmnonuu asonwo hcuxonoiunockuo hpouoccw, oh-
pononnomwo um kak qynnamonfaninwo,concopnwo ohwfw, kapfu-
nw nochomunanuu, opasw, omymonun u nswk.
i) Hyncfnonnwo ohwfw nnonnfcn (nxonnf) n cfpafoiuk (usy-
aninoo nnomnoo, Aynuaninoo nnomnoo, Kunocfofunockoo nnomnoo).
2) Ofu nyncfnonnwo ohwfw ocfannnkf kapfunw-nochomunanun
(V
I
), kofopwo ncfyhakf n komunuponannyk uipy c nusyanino kon-
Ha11epn
Konuenunn"
Cepnn Kap1nn-Bocnounnann"
cfpyupyomwmu opasamu
k
nopos hpouocc accouuauuu, cfumynupyo-
mwu myckyninou u mofopnou akfunnocfik (K
o
).
J) osnukakman n fou uipo ocnucnonnan hocnononafoninocfi
opason coofnocufcn c onimum nunumwm osopom, nnyfpu ho-
nnnnkfcn konuohuuu, onapyxonnwo unnykfunno ofcnoxunanuom
honfopnkmuxcn kapfun u, nakonou, qopmupyofcn yhopnnonuna-
kmuu nomonf, unu haffopn, coonunnkmuu pnn hpoxno paso-
monnwx opason.
4) Omymonuo (K
I
), hokaswnakmoo cfohoni sanopmonnocfu unu
coonunonun nomonfon, oochonunaof opafnyk cnnsi, nosonon-
nnof u qopmupyof naninoumyk komunafopnyk uipy.
5) usyaninwo konuohuuu, posynifaf nsaumonoucfnun io+unu-
mopnun uepu ionuenuun ouyuenue coofnocnfcn safom c noiunoc-
kumu (mafomafunockumu unu nopaninwmu) konuohuunmu, ouonu-
nakmumucn noiunocku coonunonnwmu nswkonwmu mononnmu. (A
d
).
54
4. 8O33HHR OHHUTHHA O R3bK
Hocmofpn na fo, nfo Ounmfoun ncno ofnonnn cnou hpouocc fnop-
nockoio mwmnonun of nswka, on hpusnanan oio snanumocfi u nnu-
nnuo na hpouocc mwmnonun u omonun.
ymak, nfo hopoxon of cnoonnou accouuauuu unu
monfanun k mwmnonuk xapakfopusyofcn onoo unu mo-
noo nomunupykmou ponik konuohuuu. Hocomnonno,
nooxonumo, nfow fa konuohuun wna concopno hosna-
naomou u nwpaxanaci n snakax, nahpumop n cnonax. 1oniko
n fom cnynao mwmnonuo moxno hoponafi, nwpasufi noc-
fyhnwm nnn nochpunfun opasom
i
.
Cnona u konuohuuu qynnamonfanino pasnunnw cnona camu ho
coo no hponcfannnkf konuohuuu, no moiyf honcoonunnficn k num.
nn cymocfnonanun konuohuunm no nyxnw cnona, no nnn omonun
u ocyxnonun konuohuuu n mupo xunwx ohwfon nyxnw cnonocnwo
ononnun.
Cnona -a1o "Donepxnoc1nme c1pyx1ypm", ncnonuayemme
pnn oennn na "lnynnnmx c1pyx1ypax"
Muunenne"
lny6nnnan
c1pyk1ypa
O6uenne"
Hoeepxnoc1nue
c1pyk1ypu
Ha11epn
konuenun"
Bnak"
Cnoeo"
Hyec1eennue
enea1nennn
N 1 N 2 N 3
55
Ipumonafonino, nfo n noucfnufoninocfu hponcfannonuo Ounmfouna
o nswko cxonno c hponhonoxonunmu HI. HI nanunaof c foio, nfo
naof nofwpoxmopnoo ohucanuo nswka: cnona, unu honopxnocfnwo
cfpykfypw, (A
d
) nknknakf xpannmuocn concopnwo pohposonfauuu,
unu inyunnwo cfpykfypw, ho nofwpom ocnonnwm concopnwm ka-
nanam: nusyaninomy, aynuanino-fonaninomy, kunocfofunockomy u on-
qakfopnomy. basonoo coofnomonuo nswka u ohwfa hponcfannono n cno-
nykmom coofnomonuu: A
d
A
t
, V, K, O`; ino nopaninwo
honopxnocfnwo cfpykfypw (A
d
) nknknakfcn u poxnakfcn n concopnou
inyunnou cfpykfypo A
t
, V, K, O`.
Bepanunme nonepxnoc1nme c1pyx1ypm nponcxopn1
na cencopnmx onm1on n na11epnon n "nxnmuam1cn" nmn
Iopnwm maiom k honnnonuk nswka wna cnnska aky-
cfunockux unu, naoopof, nanopfannwx snakon c concop-
nwmu nhonafnonunmu. bonimuncfno omufoninwx xunof-
nwx hpumnu k fomy hpumufunnomy pony omonun ho
kpaunou mopo, no ohponononnou cfohonu
2
.
Ofo qynnamonfaninoo ofnomonuo moxny nswkom u concopnwmu
nhonafnonunmu cocfannnof cyfi nouponuninucfuku. Kononno, fo
asonoo coonunonuo foniko hopnwu mai. Ounmfoun hpononxaof,
ykaswnan:
wcmoo pasnufuo nocfuiaofcn, koina hponcfannonw u
yxo honumaomw u npyiuo snaku; fom camwm ycfanannuna-
kfcn ofnomonun moxny nonwmu snakamu u concopnwmu
lny6nnnan c1pyk1ypa
Cencopnu onu1
n na11epnu
<A
t
, V, K, O>
A
d
A
d
A
d
Hsuk
Hoeepxnoc1nue c1pyk1ypu
56
nhonafnonunmu. Ha fom faho yxo nosmoxna hoponana kom-
hnokcnoio pnna nhonafnonuu; moxno ckasafi, nfo ponuncn
nswk
J
.
1o, nfo snoci hposnynano, moxof wfi nasnano mofanswkom
nswkom o nswko. Ofo moi w wfi nswk no foniko ocoou ipyhhw
concopnwx nhonafnonuu, no u nswk nsaumoofnomonuu, haffopnon
unu yhopnnonunakmux nomonfon, coonunnkmux pasnwo concopnwo
ohwfw.
Cnona, coepnnnmne Onm1m c ppyrnmn cnonamn
H cnona fa fonnonuun k acfpaiuponanuk nahomunaof o noo-
xonumocfu opafnou cnnsu c nnomnou concopnou unqopmauuou:
cnu nswk hpusnan nocfu k honumanuk, fo nonxnw
honnuficn hpanuna, poiynupykmuo nsaumoofnomonun
moxny snakamu u fakxo ycfoununoo coofnomonuo moxny
snakamu u nhonafnonunmu
4
.
nohonnonuo k ycfoununomy coofnomonuk moxny nswkom u
concopnwm ohwfom Ounmfoun hpuswnaof k cosnanuk hpanun, po-
iynupykmux ofnomonun moxny snakamu, cnooio pona nnyfponnou
coinaconannocfu moxny cucfomou u onoo acfpakfnwmu konuohuu-
nmu. Hmonno fu hpanuna ohpononnkf, xopomo nu cqopmynupo-
nano hponnoxonuo u kakona, nahpumop, pasnuua moxny qpasamu
Hononok oxan nopxom na nomanu u opxom oxan nononok-nomani.
<A
I
, V, K, O` <A
I
, V, K, O` <A
I
, V, K, O` <A
I
, V, K, O` <A
I
, B, K, O` <A
I
, V, K, O`
Bocnounnanne 1 Bocnounnanne 2 Bocnounnanne 3 Bocnounnanne 4 Bocnounnanne 5 Bocnounnanne 6
A
d
A
d
Henoeek" Rouapu"
A
d
Xneo1nue"
Cyuec1en1enunue"
5?
Ofu hpanuna hpoipammupykmuu nomonf n noupo-nuninucfunoc-
kom hpoipammuponanuu.
B paanmx namxax paanme "Dpannna 1pancqopmann" onpepennm1
o1nomennn mexpy rnynnno n nonepxnoc1nmmn c1pyx1ypamn
Ounmfoun hpononxaof:
nofcfno unnununyymw, oonunonnwo onnum nsw-
kom, cxnafwnakf fu hpanuna u ofnomonun n ocnonnom
unfyufunno. Koina nononok ocosnaof hpanuna nsaumoof-
nomonuu moxny snakamu, ycfanannunaofcn fak naswnao-
man ipammafuka nswka
5
.
Ofu ipammafunockuo hpanuna nooxonumw nnn hocfpoonun mono-
nu, no Ounmfoun honcnnof, nfo hpanuna camu ho coo no umokf
nunoio omoio c concopnou poaninocfik. pasnwx nswkax cnou
ipammafunockuo hpanuna, naxo ocnu nswkonwo cponcfna ohucwna-
kf onny u fy xo poaninocfi. Ounmfoun ouonunaof ncnocfi hpanu-
na ho cfohonu oio ofnanonnocfu of concopnou poaninocfu:
Ha pannou cfanuu cnon(moiyf ofnocuficn nohocpon-
cfnonno k nhonafnonunm. Iosnnoo fo hpnmoo coofnomo-
nuo fopnofcn, hockoniky nokofopwo cnona umokf cmwcn
foniko n coonunonuu c npyiumu (nahpumop, fakuo, kak
ocfi (inaion-cnnska), unu, nomi). 1ohopi yxo ipyh-
hw, a no ofnoninwo cnona coofnocnfcn c nochpunfunmu.
H koina nswk cfanonufcn nacfunno nosanucumwm of nho-
nafnonuu, nocfuiaofcn nonunauman nnyfponnnn coinaco-
nannocfi...
lny6nnnan c1pyk1ypa
Cencopnu onu1
n na11epnu
<A
t
, B, K, O>
Hpaenna 1pancqopuaunn
A
d
A
d
A
d
Hsuk
Hoeepxnoc1nue c1pyk1ypu
58
1oniko na fom faho naninoumoio pasnufun, koina namo
uchonisykfcn fak naswnaomwo acfpakfnwo konuohuuu,
nswk cfanonufcn uncfpymonfom pasyma n ucfunnom cmwcno
foio cnona
6
.
Ounmfoun yfnopxnaof, nfo foniko hpu nocfafonnou nuccouua-
uuu (ofcfpanonnocfu) c concopnwm ohwfom, n hponcfannonuu ko-
fopoio u cocfouf usnananinan qynkuun nswka, on moxof cfafi opy-
nuom fnopnockoio mwmnonun, a no hpocfo ohucafoninwm cponcfnom.
cnu mw namoponw nwufu sa hpononw coionnnmnoio concopnoio
okpyxonun, fo nonxnw cnanana naufu choco nwpnaficn us noio,
a safom hopocfpoufi ho-nonomy, kak nukoina no wno hpoxno. Ha-
hpumop, hponnoxonuo Hononok oxan nopxom na nomanu coofnof-
cfnyof ipammafunockum hpanunam aninuuckoio nswka u, noponfno,
nknknuf spufoninwo nochomunanun y onimuncfna. aninoiono-
pnmux. A nof hponnoxonun omani oxana nopxom na nononoko unu
Hononok oconnan nyn cnofa coofnofcfnykf hpanunam ipammafuku,
no hoynnf nac, onoo nom noponfno, ckoncfpyuponafi nnyfponnuo
opasw, nfow n nux honnuncn kakou-fo cmwcn.
Ho Ounmfoun chomuf nnoni honfopufi, nfo hponnuxonuo k
nnyfponnou coinaconannocfu u fnopnocfny nonxno anancuponafi-
cn opafnou cnnsik c concopnwm ohwfom:
Ho fo pasnufuo nswka moxof fakxo oopnyficn ohac-
nwm ucfonnukom omuok u omana. co sanucuf of cfo-
honu coofnoconnocfu cnon u cnonoconofanuu c mupom
nhonafnonuu.
?
Hfak, nswk u acfpakuun fo ooknoocfpwu mon. Onno ocf-
puo hosnonnof nam cosnanafi nonwo mononu, no sanucumwo of con-
copnoio conopxanun namux xusnonnwx ohwfon u nwcfpaunafi no-
nunaumuu hopnnok u hocnononafoninocfi namux ohwfon; npyioo
xo opyaof nco naxnwo coonunonun moxny konuohfyaninwmu
kapfamu u fom concopnwm ohwfom, kofopwu onu namoponanuci opia-
nusonwnafi (nahpumop, moxny noiukou u poaninocfik, kapfou u
foppufopuou, pasymom u fonom).
cnoou knuio "C1pyk1ypa varnn" ocnonafonu HI Iunapn bn-
nnop u xon Ipunnop hopoknukakfcn c Ounmfounom:
Camwu inyokuu hapanokc n cocfonnuu nononoka sak-
nknaofcn n fom, nfo fo camwo hpouoccw, kofopwo nakf
5
nosmoxnocfi nwxunafi, pacfu, usmonnficn u uchwfwnafi
panocfi, hosnonnkf nam nwcfpaunafi ckynnyk mononi
mupa. Mw choconw manuhynuponafi cumnonamu cosna-
nafi mononu. H hofomy hpouoccw, naionapn kofopwm mw
conopmaom camwo noownaunwo u ynukaninwo noucfnun,
moiyf nokuponafi nam naninoumuu pocf, ocnu mw omu-
onno hpumom mononi mupa sa poaninocfi. Moxno ohpo-
nonufi fpu ocnonnwx moxanusma fux hpouoccon: oomo-
nuo, cfupanuo u uckaxonuo.
Oumcnnc hpouocc, hpu kofopom nomonfw unu
nacfu mononu ofpwnakfcn of cnooio honnunnoio ohwfa u
nwcfyhakf hponcfanufonnmu ncou kafoiopuu, nnn kofopou
nannwu ohwf nnnnofcn numi hpumopom. Hama choconocfi
k oomonuk ononi cymocfnonna nnn omonun c mupom.
Ho fof xo camwu hpouocc moxof hpunocfu k ycfanonno-
nuk fakoio hpanuna, kak Ho hokaswnau nukakux nyncfn.
C1npannc hpouocc, hpu kofopom ononi nwoponno
opamaofcn nnumanuo numi na ohponononnwo usmoponun
ohwfa, ocfaninwo us cqopw nnumanun ucknknakfcn.
Hpkan unnkcfpauun fomy choconocfi nonononockoio
cnyxa n hopohonnonnou mnoionknnou komnafo ynonufi
snyku foniko onnoio ocooio ionoca, kak w cfupan mym
ncox ocfaninwx ionocon. Cfupan, mw cokpamaom mup no
fox hpohopuuu, n kofopwx nyncfnyom con nocfafonno
nonino n opamonuu. nokofopwx konfokcfax fo moxof
hpuionuficn, no n npyiux hpununufi oni.
Hckaxcnnc hpouocc, hosnonnkmuu usmonnfi nannwo
namoio concopnoio ohwfa. Hahpumop, qanfasun iofonuf
nac k conopmonuk cowfuu omo no foio, kak onu hpousou-
nyf... Ofomy hpouoccy mw onsanw ncomu hpousnononun-
mu uckyccfna n ucfopuu nonononocfna. 1onno fak xo nco
nonukuo pomanw, nco pononkuuonnwo ofkpwfun n nayko
wnu poxnonw fou choconocfik uckaxafi u hpoopaxafi
n noopaxonuu cymocfnykmyk poaninocfi
8
.
Xofn choconocfi uchonisonafi nswk u manuhynuponafi cumno-
namu onna us namux ofnunufoninwx xapakfopucfuk kak uonoiu-
nockux ocoou, hofonuuaninwo hponomw, cosnanaomwo oomonu-
om, cfupanuom u uckaxonuom nacfoniko nonuku, nfo Ounmfoun
sanaofcn nohpocom, a nyxon nu nswk kak uncfpymonf mwmnonun
noomo:
6O
Hfo poxnaof cfoni cokpononnoo onunonuo moxny nswkom
u mwmnonuom Cymocfnyof nu mwmnonuo os nswka, numi
n konuohuunx u conofanunx, komunauunx, nnn kofopwx no
onsafonino cnonocnoo onanonuo Ho oponcn nu mynufoni-
no kaxnwu us nac n houcko cnon fam, ino cnnsi moxny honn-
funmu wna ncna yxo u os nux

Ounmfoun unof nanimo: Mwmnonuo namo hpofokaof n ocnon-

nom os homomu cnon u, onoo foio, n snanufoninou cfohonu oc-
cosnafonino
iO
. Hsynan fu sannnonun c fonku sponun HI, mw
nunum, nfo Ounmfoun ofnunaof aynuanino-nuiufaninyk u nusyani-
nyk pohposonfafunnwo cucfomw (houck, opia sa cnona, xofn
cnnsi yxo ncna). On cnufaof nopaninwo pohposonfauuu nocymo-
cfnonnwmu nnn mwmnonun u, moxof wfi, naxo nfopunnwmu n
mwcnufoninom hpouocco. Iomumo foio, on ionopuf o fom, nfo
mwmnonuo qynkuuonupyof nosanucumo of cosnanun u no onsa-
fonino nopanusonafi mwcnu na cosnafoninom yponno.
Ho n fo xo npomn, Ounmfoun nwckaswnaofcn u n samufy nswka:
Mw wnu w cknonnw hpuhucwnafi mwmnonuk hon-
nyk nosanucumocfi of nswka, ocnu w unnununyaninocfu
qopmynuponanu cnou konuohuuu os nopaninwx nupokfun
cnooio okpyxonun. Ho nauonoo noponfno, nfo pasym no-
nonoka, nwpocmoio n fakux ycnonunx, wn w ononi cky-
non. 1akum opasom, mw moxom saknknufi, nfo ymcfnon-
noo pasnufuo nunnocfu u oio choco poxnonun konuohuuu
n nwcmou cfohonu sanucuf of nswka. Ofo sacfannnof nac
ocosnafi, n kakou mopo nswk knunanonfon monfaninoc-
fu. fom cmwcno mwmnonuo u nswk nopaspwnnw
ii
.
3nanonuo nswka, coinacno Ounmfouny, cocfouf n fom, kak c oio
homomik nononok qopmupyof konuohuuu, a no cucfomw mfamhon.
Ipunnop u bnnnop ionopnf:
Hopnnan cucfoma, ofnonakman sa nochpousnononuo
nswka, fa xo, naionapn kofopou nknu nwcfpaunakf nco
mononu mupa nusyaninyk, kunocfofunockyk u f.n.
kaxnou us nux ohopupykf fo xo cfpykfypnwo hpunuuhw
i2
.
Hfak, mw hpononum hapannoni moxny cfpykfypou cucfomw nswka
u npyiumu cucfomamu nochpunfun. 3nanuf, cfpykfypa u hpunuuhw
6i
nswka moiyf kakum-fo opasom ofpaxafi cfpykfypy u hpunuuhw nochpu-
nfun. Cfpafoiuu qopmuponanun konuohuuu moiyf poxnaficn, cko-
poo, us hpunuuhon cfpykfypw nswka (nahpumop, cunfakcuca unu
ipammafuku), nom us ocooio nokcukona unu ofnoninwx cnon.
nn Ounmfouna n mafomafunockom nswko foxo ocfi u cnonapi,
u ipammafuka, no onu onoo ynunopcaninw, nom namu nopaninwo
nswku. Hswk mafomafuku ofnunaof of ocfocfnonnwx nswkon honnan
nuccouuuponannocfi of mupa concopnwx ohwfon:
Mafomafuka opamaofcn ucknknufonino c ofnomonu-
nmu konuohuuu npyi k npyiy, os pacnofa ux ofnomonuu
c ohwfom
iJ
.
Ofo naof mafomafuko ynimyk hpocfofy u nnyfponnkk coinaco-
nannocfi, nom fa, nfo cymocfnyof n mupo concopnwx ohwfon u n
nopaninwx nswkax, hofomy nfo ona n monimou mopo honnnacfna
nnunnuk pasnoopasun concopnoio mupa. Ho, nfow ocfanaficn
hpakfunnwm, mafomafunockomy nswky nyxno wno kak-fo coonu-
nuficn c fum mupom. Ounmfoun oncnnof fo fak:
usuka foxo ohopupyof mafomafunockumu konuohuu-
nmu; no onu hpuopofakf qusunockoo conopxanuo foniko
hpu ncnou coofnoconnocfu c ookfamu ohwfa.
i4
H nnoni mw nunum, nfo qqokfunnocfi mafomafunockoio nswka,
kak u ncox npyiux, sanucuf of opafnou cnnsu c concopnwm ohw-
fom. Io Ounmfouny, nayka qqokfunna, ocnu ona xpanuf panno-
nocuo moxny hpoumymocfnamu nswka, noxamumu n oio cfpykfypo,
u hpoumymocfnamu concopnoio ohwfa, nnwxakmoio xusni n fy
cfpykfypy.
Hayka opofcn sa honnyk ocfpofy u ncnocfi konuoh-
uuu ho ofnomonuk npyi k npyiy u k concopnwm nannwm.
kanocfno unnkcfpauuu paccmofpum nswk Onknunonou
ioomofpuu u aniopw. Onu opamakfcn c manwm nucnom
nosanucumo hponcfannonnwx konuohuuu u coofnofcfnon-
nwx cumnonon, fakux kak unfoipaninoo nucno, hpnman
nunun, fonka, a fakxo c cumnonamu, hponnasnanonnwmu
nnn qynnamonfaninwx ohopauuu. Ofo cnnsi qynnamonfani-
nwx konuohuuu u ocnona nnn ynymoio koncfpyuponanun,
ohpononnkman nco ocfaninwo yfnopxnonun u konuohuuu.
Cnnsi moxny konuohuunmu u yfnopxnonunmu, c onnou
cfoponw, u concopnwmu nannwmu c npyiou ycfanannu-
naofcn cfpoio ohponononnwmu pacnofom u usmoponuom
i5
.
Ho naxo fu cfpoio ohponononnwo mofonw usmoponun honnop-
xonw oomonuk, cfupanuk u uckaxonuk. osmoxno, camwm
snanufoninwm nknanom Ounmfouna n nayky wno fo, nfo on hon-
nopi comnonuk asonwo hponhonoxonun, cfonmuo sa namumu cfan-
napfamu usmoponuu fakux honnfuu, kak hpocfpancfno u npomn.
Pace1u n nsuepennn
Cencopnue
pannue
Ma1eua1neckne
konuenunn
n y1eepxpennn
6J
5. MHKOAHAH3 HOUCCA
T8OHCKOO MbUHHR
OHHUTHHA
1ohopi mw umoom omoo hponcfannonuo o fom, kak mwcnun Ou-
nmfoun u kak uchonisonan ocnonnwo hcuxonoiunockuo hpouoccw,
qynnamonfaninwo nnn honconnonnoio mwmnonun concopnwo
ohwfw, kapfunw-nochomunanun, opasw, omymonun u
nswk. Hamum cnonykmum maiom ynof onoo hpucfaninwu ana-
nus hpumononun Ounmfounom nokofopwx us fux hpouoccon n cno-
ou mwcnufoninou cfpafoiuu. H, hockoniky on hponosinaman kom-
unafopnyk uipy noofomnomou nopfou hponykfunnou mwcnu,
nanaufo uccnonyom, kak umonno on conofan kapfunw-nochomuna-
nun u koncfpyuponan opasw n hpouocco mwmnonun.
Iponykfunnwo opasw Ounmfouna wnu no acfpakfnwmu
nnyxmopnwmu nuaipammamu, sahonnonnwmu cumnonamu, fpoxmop-
nwmu mofaqopunockumu nusyanusauunmu, kofopwo on naswnan
mwcnufoninwmu kchopumonfamu. Onun us knknou k honuma-
nuk foio, kak Ounmfoun hpumonnn nusyanusauuk, yxo wn nan
n inano o mononuponanuu (hpumop c nnymn kacfpknnmu na iasonou
hnufo).
Iaffopn, kofopwu Ounmfoun hocfonnno uchonisonan n cnoou
mwcnufoninou cfpafoiuu fo opuconwnanuo cumnonunockou nu-
syaninou mofaqopw nokooio poaninoio nnnonun u safom ananus ho-
noxonuu, hponnoxonnwx fou cumnonunockou koncfpykuuou.
Iaccmofpum honfu qanfacfunockuu mwcnufoninwu kchopu-
monf, hponononnwu Ounmfounom nnn foio, nfow honnopinyfi
comnonuk fakou qonomon, kak cuna fnxocfu unu ipanufauun,
ownno nochpunumaomwu namu kak nannocfi. On nanunaof c noh-
poca: cnu mw honnumom kamoni u safom pocum oio, honomy on
hanaof na somnk Ownnwu ofnof: Iofomy nfo on hpufniunaofcn
somnou.
Hchonisyn nonoponfnyk qanfasuk, Ounmfoun sacfannnof nac
comnonaficn:
64
Iponcfanum onimou ynacfok hycfoio hpocfpancfna, noci-
ma ofnanonnoio of snosn u npyiux nunumwx noocnwx fon.
oopasum, nfo ofnocufoninwm fonom, unu fonkou ofcno-
fa, ynof nmocfufoninwu cynnyk, nahomunakmuu komnafy
unu kaunof nuqfa, c naxonnmumcn nnyfpu nanknafonom,
cnapnxonnwm chouuaninou ahhapafypou. cfocfnonno, ipa-
nufauuu nnn nanknafonn no cymocfnyof. On nonxon hpu-
nnsafi con noponkamu k hony, n hpofunnom cnynao nkoo
nnuxonuo poakuun co cfoponw hona honnumof oio k ho-
fonky.
K coponuno kpwmku cynnyka cnapyxu hpukpohnon kpkk
c kanafom, u nof nokoo cymocfno (nfo umonno ono co-
ou hponcfannnof no cyfi naxno nnn nac) nanunaof c ho-
65
cfonnnou cunou fnnyfi cynnyk, kofopwu nmocfo c naxo-
nnmumcn nnyfpu nanknafonom nnuxofcn nnopx c ho-
cfonnnwm yckoponuom. C fononuom npomonu ux ckopocfi
nocfuinof nocnwxannou nonununw sa fum mw nank-
naom c npyiou fonku ofcnofa, kofopan naxonufcn n hpo-
cfpancfno.
Ho kak nononok, naxonnmuucn nnyfpu, honyncfnyof
nnuxonuo Yckoponuo hoponacfcn omy nopos poakuuk hona.
On, fakum opasom, nonxon kak-fo ofpoiynuponafi fo
nannonuo mwmonnwmu ycununmu noi, ocnu no xonof wfi
pachnacfannwm ho hony. H foniko foina on ynof cfonfi
umonno fak, kak cfonf nco xufonu somnu n komnafo unu
na somno. cnu xo nononok paccnauf mwmuw noi, yc-
koponuo onimo no ynof hoponanaficn fony nononoka, u
us-sa foio on yhanof na hon c fom xo yckoponuom. Ha-
nknafoni hosnnoo yonuf con, nfo yckoponuo, c kofo-
pwm fono nnuxofcn ho nahpannonuk k hony, ncoina on-
nou u fou xo nonununw, kakoo w fono nu wno uchoni-
sonano nnn kchopumonfa.
Ionaianci na cnou hosnanun o ipanufauuonnwx honnx,
nononok n cynnyko foxo hpunof k saknknonuk, nfo on, oio
oufafoni, naxonufcn n ipanufauuonnom hono, co npo-
monom no monnkmumcn. Kononno, oio na mui osananuf,
honomy xo cynnyk no hanaof n fom hono. Cpasy, kak foni-
ko oufafoni onapyxuf hpunnsannwu k kpwmko kanaf,
on hocnononafonino hpunof k nwnony, nfo cynnyk honno-
mon n chokounom cocfonnuu n ipanufauuonnom hono.
onxnw nu mw cmonficn nan num u hpusnafi, nfo oio
nwnonw omuonnw Ho yoxnon n fom, ocnu wfi hoc-
nononafoninwm. Ckopoo mw nonxnw coinacuficn c fom,
nfo oio honumanuo cufyauuu no napymaof nu pasymnoio
hopnnka nomou, nu usnocfnwx sakonon moxanuku
i
.
Iaccmafpunan fy unfpuiykmyk noopaxaomyk koncfpykuuk,
Ounmfoun saknknaof, nfo ipanufauuonnan macca, ohpononnoman
hpufnxonuom moxny mafopuou, u unopuuonnan macca, ohpono-
nnkmancn nnuxonuom ookfon ho ofnomonuk npyi k npyiy, wnu
onunakonwmu. 1akum opasom, on oonunnof nno hpoxno pasnoni-
nwo konuohuuu poaninocfu n onnom ohponononuu. Ofo usmononuo
n konuohuuu, n cnok onoponi, fpancqopmuponano hponcfannonun
qusukon o konkpofnou poaninocfu. Ounmfoun, onnako, hpumon
66
k fomy nwnony, paccmofpon noopaxaomyk hoosnky na kocmunockom
nuqfo, hpunonumom n nnuxonuo qanfacfunockum nokfo (iopasno
onoo unfopocnwu hpouocc, nom puconanuo hponhonaiaomwx nunuu,
nokfopon u ypannonuu).
3amofifo: xofn cosnannwu Ounmfounom kchopumonf wn nuc-
fou qanfasuou, nco n nom no omyfumocfu konkpofno, kaxnan no-
fani of noponok, cnnswnakmux noiu nanknafonn no kpkka na
kpwmko cynnyka. Kak ynfo nmocfo c Ounmfounom mw moxom nou-
fu n fof opas hyfomocfnonnuka u honyncfnonafi nco oio myckyni-
nwo u mofopnwo poakuuu.
pyian napykman noopaxaoman koncfpykuun, cosnannan Oun-
mfounom, honnopiana comnonuk namu hponcfannonun o cfpykfypo
cononnou. bonimuncfno honaiaof, nfo cononnan fo ockonon-
noo fpoxmopnoo kapfosuanckoo hpocfpancfno, hpnmwmu nunun-
mu pacxonnmoocn n nonnocfi. hpofunonoc fum nunounwm hocf-
poonunm, Ounmfoun hponcfanun cononnyk opianunockou qopmou,
hoxoxou na monnkcka. On sanyman pnn ynnokafoninwx mwcnu-
foninwx kchopumonfon, honnopiakmux comnonuk yfnopxnonuo,
nfo cononnan osipanunnan u hnockan.
Iponcfanifo coo cymocfnonanuo n nnyxmopnom hpo-
cfpancfno. Inockuo cosnanun c hnockumu hpuopamu u
c ocowmu hnockumu xocfkumu usmopnkmumu hpyfu-
kamu-ycukamu cnoonno hoponnuiakfcn ho hnockocfu.
Hunfo no cymocfnyof nnn nux sa oo hpononamu: nco hpouc-
xonnmoo c numu u c ux hnockumu ookfamu onun-
cfnonnan nnn nux poaninocfi. fou cononnou ocfi mo-
cfo nnn osipanunnoio nucna unonfunnwx knanpafon,
coopyxonnwx us hpyfukon, ux honopxnocfi osipanunna.
A fohopi hponcfanum coo omo onno nnyxmopnoo wfuo,
no hpocfpancfno na fof pas pachonoxono no n hnockocfu,
6?
a na cqopunockou honopxnocfu. Inockuo cymocfna co cno-
umu usmopufonnmu-hpyfukamu hpokpacno honxonnf nnn
oufanun na fakou honopxnocfu u no n cocfonnuu hoku-
nyfi oo. cn ux oospuman cononnan hpocfupaofcn ucknk-
nufonino na honopxnocfu fou cqopw. Choconw nu fu
cymocfna usmopufi cnok cononnyk u honnfi, nfo ona
hnockan, u k fomy xo moiyf nu ux hpyfuku nochpunnfi
paccfonnuo Hof. Iofomy nfo hpu hohwfko ocosnafi hpn-
myk nunuk y nux honynufcn kpunan ohponononnou nnunw,
kofopyk moxno usmopufi. 1onno fak xo y fou conon-
nou ocfi ohponononnan hnomani, cpannuman c hnomanik
knanpafa, coopyxonnoio us hpyfukon. 3amonafoninwm
posynifafom hononoio paccyxnonun ynof hpusnanuo qak-
fa ohponononnocfu, no ochpononinocfu fou conon-
nou
2
.
Kak u npyiuo noopaxaomwo koncfpykuuu Ounmfouna, opas fa-
kou cononnou ho hpupono cnoou mofaqopunon. On hpuinamaof nac
noopasufi con nnyxmopnwmu cymocfnamu, ckonisnmumu ho cqopu-
nockou cononnou. Ho ynom uchonisonafi noiuky u cyxuo ananufunoc-
kuo paccyxnonun, a uccnonyom qynnamonfaninwo u, hponhonoxufoni-
no, acfpakfnwo hpunuuhw nopos namu nhonafnonun u ohwf. Mw,
sanaponannwo cumnonusmom, panno kak u camou kapfunou, nsaumonou-
cfnyom c cymocfnamu us npyiux mupon, a no c nuccouuuponannwmu
uuqpamu u qakfamu.
nn npyiou unnkcfpauuu cnoou konuohuuu cqopunockou co-
nonnou Ounmfoun hponnaiaof nam hponcfanufi, ho ananoiuu,
68
cnohoio xyka, honsymoio ho onimomy, kak ackofoninwu mnn, ino-
ycy, honnomonnomy n hpocfpancfno. On fak oipomon ho cpannonuk c
xykom, nfo fof nochpunumaof honopxnocfi hnockou u nunounou. Kpomo
foio, us-sa cnohofw xyk no nunuf cnoux cocfnonnwx cnonon. Hfak,
xyk nnuxofcn nhopon, no cosnanan, nfo nnoni u nnoni xonuf ho kpyiy.
H ononunno, nfo fo onoo ynnokafoninan u ncnan nusyanusauun, nom
cyxuo nanopfanun mafomafunockux akcuom. nn Ounmfouna fakoo uso-
pofafonicfno wno camou naxnou nacfik mwcnufoninou cfpafoiuu.
oopaxonuo cfanonufcn snonom, coonunnkmum nucfo acfpakfnwo
noiunockuo cumnonw u cnona u xaofunockoo pasnoopasuom namoio
nyncfnonnoio ohwfa.
Hfak, ocnonnwo opasw nam yxo snakomw. Ounmfoun nonof nac
nanimo:
nn fou nnyxmopnou cqopunockou cononnou ocfi
fpoxmopnan ananoiun. Hasonom oo fpoxmopnwm cqopunoc-
kum hpocfpancfnom.
J
Ipouocc, hpu kofopom Ounmfoun nanunaof c noio-fo ofnocufoni-
no konkpofnoio u hpocfoio u safom pacmupnof fo ho napacfakmou
of nnyxmopnoio hpocfpancfna k cqopo u, nakonou, k fpoxmopnomy
cqopunockomy hpocfpancfny n HI naswnaofcn honcfpoukou u
nononuom. Ioncfpouka nknknaof n con snakomcfno c nononokom
na nannom faho, c oio coionnnmnumu choconocfnmu u mononik
mupa. ononuo hponcfannnof coou pacmuponuo u hponnuxonuo
nhopon, no noonimumu maiamu. Kaxnwu hocnonykmuu mai onoo
6
nopsok, nom hponwnymuu, no no cnumkom mupok u fpynon: nonomwu
namu nononok no nonxon hofopnficn u cmyfuficn.
Opafufo nnumanuo, kak Ounmfoun conopmaof cnonykmuu mai,
pacmupnn cnou opas hpocfpancfna:
osmoxno nu hponcfanufi cqopunockoo hpocfpancfno..
Iponhonoxum, nfo mw hpononom nunuu unu hpofnnom nufu
no ncox nahpannonunx us onnou fonku... Cnanana hpnmwo
nunuu, pacxonnmuocn of ucxonnou fonku, ynyf nco nani-
mo u nanimo npyi of npyia, no hosxo cnusnfcn u n konuo
konuon coonunnfcn n konfpahynkfo ucxonnou fonku. Ipu
fakux ycnonunx onu hopocokyf nco cqopunockoo hpocfpancfno.
oiko ynunofi, nackoniko fpoxmopnoo cqopunockoo hpocfpan-
cfno ananoiunno hononomy nnymopnomy. Ono ohponononno
u osipanunno
4
.
Cnonykmuu mai pacmuponuo opasa pacxonnmuxcn nufou n onoo
cnoxnyk konquiypauuk n hpocfpancfno, fo, nfo Ounmfoun hponcfa-
nun monnkckom.
mo onun hpumop honcfpouku u nononun nan n nokuuu Ounm-
founa, kofopyk on osainanun Ioomofpun u Ohwf. o ncfyhnonuu k
nokuuu, Ounmfoun sanaof hponokauuonnwu nohpoc:
Moxom nu mw nusyanuponafi fpoxmopnyk cononnyk,
oipanunonnyk, no fom no monoo ochpononinyk
Ownnwu ofnof na fof nohpoc nof, no fo nohpa-
nunino. Honi hocnonykmux samonanuu hokasafi, nfo of-
Cqepnuecxoe
npoc1panc1no
Monmcx
?O
nof nonxon wfi yfnopnufoninwm. H xony hponomoncfpupo-
nafi, kak os ocowx fpynnocfou mw moxom unnkcfpuponafi
foopuk oipanunonnou cononnou c homomik mwcnonnou
kapfunku, k kofopou, nomnoio hohpakfukonanmuci, ckopo
hpunwknom
5
.
Ounmfoun nonof cnok aynufopuk nopos nononino unfopocnoo u
nocfafonno chouuqunockoo yhpaxnonuo na nusyanusauuk. Conop-
xanuo no cyfi naxno nnn namoio uccnononanun, a asonan cfpafo-
iun nknknaof nwcfpaunanuo nusyaninoio opasa cfoknnnnoio inoyca
na hnockou honopxnocfu hpocfou fpoxmopnou koncfpykuuu.
Ounmfoun hpononxaof paccyxnafi u hpocuf aynufopuk noopa-
sufi foni, ofpacwnaomyk na honopxnocfi hnockum nnyxmopnwm
nuckom, naxonnmumcn nnyfpu mapa. anoo ynonwu ykaswnaof, nfo
nnuxonun nucka oipanunonw, hofomy nfo fof saknknon n mapo. Ho
ofpacwnaoman um foni moxof pachpocfpanuficn sa hpononw hnoc-
kocfu na noohponononnoo paccfonnuo n sanucumocfu of pachonoxo-
nun ucfonnuka cnofa.
C1eknnnnu rno6yc
(1pexuepnu)
Tenu o1 pncka (peyxuepnan)
eyxuepnan npoekunn
Hnockn pnck eny1pn rno6yca
(peyxuepnu)
Hc1onnk cee1a 1
C1eknnnnu
rno6yc
(1pexuepnu)
Hc1onnk
cee1a 2
Eeckonenoc1u
Tenn o1 pncka (peyxuepnue)
eyxuepnan npoekunn
Hnockn pnck (peyxuepnu)
?i
Iofom aynufopuu hponnaiaofcn hponcfanufi nofwpoxmopnwu map,
a n nom fpoxmopnyk cqopy (nmocfo nucka). Cnononafonino, Ounm-
foun sacfanun cfynonfon noopasufi fpoxmopnyk foni, ofpacwnaomyk
cqopou na nofwpoxmopnwu map unfopocnwu u ymohompanufoninwu
kchopumonf.
Ounmfoun sanopmaof yhpaxnonuo nwckaswnanuom:
1akum opasom, ohupanci na hpakfuky mwmnonun u nu-
syanusauuu, nannyk nam Onknunonou ioomofpuou, mw ho-
nynunu monfaninyk kapfunky cqopunockou ioomofpuu. Mw
moxom os fpyna hpunafi onimyk inyuny u cuny fum uno-
nm, nwcfpaunan ocowo noopaxaomwo koncfpykuuu. H yxo
nocnoxno ynof hponcfanufi n ananoiunnou manopo cufyauuk
c nnuhfunockou ioomofpuou. Coionnn moou uonik wno
foniko onno hokasafi, nfo choconocfi nononoka nusyanu-
suponafi nocomnonno nwnyxnona ynof kahufynuponafi ho-
pon nonknunonou ioomofpuou
6
.
Mw nunum, kak Ounmfoun honcfpouncn u safom honon, uc-
honisyn kapfunw-nochomunanun ownnwx ookfon, a cfynonfw
Cqepneckne 1enn
Cqepa
Hc1onnk cee1a
Tpexuepnan npoekunn
Eeckonenoc1u
?2
koncfpyuponanu noownnwo opasw n cnooio pona komunafop-
nou uipo.
Iosynifafom fux mwcnufoninwx kchopumonfon cnynauno cfano sak-
nknonuo Ounmfouna, nfo ncn nama cononnan moxof wfi hononwm
opasom uckpunnonnou (a no nunounou, kak hpunnfo wno cnufafi) u
nfo mw, honono cnohomy xyky, nochoconw samofufi ocfannonnwo
namu cnonw.
Ocowo noopaxaomwo koncfpykuuu Ounmfouna no nnnnkfcn
nu noucfnufonino concopnwmu ookfamu, nu aconkfno acfpak-
fnwmu nuninucfunockumu unu mafomafunockumu cumnonamu, no
nom-fo cponnum moxny numu. Ofu qanfasuu no hponnasnananuci
nnn haponuponanun namou poaninocfu, onu ckopoo homoianu yhpo-
cfufi acfpakfnoo mwmnonuo u nwsnafi k xusnu npomnkmuo n nom
fnopnockuo nosmoxnocfu, nnn foio nfow ocmwcnonnan fakum o-
pasom unqopmauun o nnomnom mupo wna onoo honnou u monoo
uckaxonnou, nom hpu ownnwx nopaninwx u mafomafunockux hpo-
uoccax. 1akoo noopaxonuo hosnonuf cosnafi monfaninwo kapfw,
kofopwo hoponocyf nac sa hpononw nocfyhnoio namomy nochpunfuk.
Kak ykaswnan Ounmfoun,
Afomnyk foopuk moxno nanknafi onoo kak nusyani-
nwu cumnon, nom noucfnufoninyk mafopuaninyk koncf-
pykuuk
?
.
Monfaninwu opas afoma cnyxuf mocfom moxny namumu oiafw-
mu, no monnkmumucn concopnwmu ohwfamu u fonnwmu, noacf-
pakfnwmu mafomafunockumu akcuomamu. usyaninwmu cumnona-
mu noino mwcnonno manuhynuponafi, hofomy nfo onu yhpomakf
cnoxnocfi namoio concopnoio ohwfa u moiyf wfi noiko hoponono-
nw n mafomafunockuo ohucanun. Ho, c npyiou cfoponw, onu fak-
xo nahomunakf achokfw cumnonusupyomoio umu concopnoio ohw-
fa, hofomy ux noino unfyufunno coonunufi c concopnwmu ohwfa-
mu, n ofnunuo of mafomafunockux ypannonuu.
Hanopnoo, camoo naxnoo n noopaxaomwx koncfpykuunx unu nusy-
anusupykmux cumnonax Ounmfouna fo, nfo onu no noncnwo acfpak-
O6ospeeaeuu
onu1
Bnsyanunue
cnueonu
A1ounan 1eopnn
Ma1eua1neckne
akcnouu
fnwo nuaipammw, a mofaqopunockuo kapfunw, kyna moxno hponuk-
nyfi camum. of mw cfoum nahpofun iasonou hnufw, nof chofwkaom-
cn n nuqfo, nnokomom n hpocfpancfno nokum noopaxaomwm cymo-
cfnom, a nof mw pachnacfanw n nnyxmopnom cqopunockom mupo, a fohopi
hopon namu xyk, nonno honsymuu ho honopxnocfu mapa.
Honik fux ocowx noopaxaomwx koncfpykuuu wno noannonuo
inyunw u cunw namum konuohuunm poaninocfu u, n kononnom cno-
fo, uccnononanuo u packpwfuo foio, nfo Apucfofoni naswnan qopmani-
nwmu hpununamu. opmaninan hpununa nnnonun ohpononnof cym-
nocfi oio xapakfopa. opmaninwo hpununw coofnocnfcn c namumu
qynnamonfaninwmu ohponononunmu u nochpunfunmu mupa.
oopaxonuo hpunono Ounmfouna k cosnanuk oio snamonufou foo-
puu ofnocufoninocfu. Ounmfoun ofnonan, nfo c mocfnanuafu nof omy
wno nposnwnauno unfopocno ysnafi, kak umonno nwinnnon w mup,
ocnu w on mnancn nopxom na cnofonom nyno co ckopocfik cnofa. Ofo
wno fo camoo sopno, kofopoo hosnnoo nwpocno n foopuk ofnocufoni-
nocfu. anaufo hpucfaninoo hocmofpum, kak poxnanaci konuohuun
ofnocufoninocfu...
?4
b. TOHR OTHOCHTbHOCTH
H yxo ofmonan panoo, nfo no Ounmfouna ynonwo ncmafpunanuci n
okpyxakmuu mup, usmopnnu u ohucwnanu oio, yhyckan us nuny nnu-
nnuo, kofopoo onu kak nanknafonu moinu na fof mup okaswnafi:
Ounmfoun yfnopxnan, nfo uinopuponafi hononoo nnunnuo nonosmox-
no, naxo ocnu hponmofom nanknonun nnnnkfcn ookfw nucfo qusu-
nockoio xapakfopa, nahpumop, nacfuuw unu hnanofw. bonoo foio, on
nokaswnan, nfo hpouocc nanknonun sa cucfomou usmonnof camy cuc-
fomy.
usuku cnonanu cnonykmoo ofkpwfuo: ocnu nw, usmopnn hnamn,
cmofpufo na noio, ono nonof con fak, ynfo cocfouf us mafopuani-
nwx nacfuu. cnu xo nof honono nonnam, nopiuu. Cyfi, ka-
nocfno nanknaomoio ookfa sanucuf of chocoa nanknonun.
posynifafo ynonwo fak u no hpumnu k onunomy mnonuk o hpupono
cnofa: nfo fo nonnw unu nacfuuw.
H fo onna us nunomm, kofopyk Ounmfoun cmoi pomufi hpo-
cfpancfno cnoou snamonufou foopuou ofnocufoninocfu, honnopinyn
comnonuk namu hpunwnnwo hponcfannonun o npomonu.
Hcfopun hononana nam, nfo nco nananoci co cna nanny, koina
mocfnanuafunofnuu Ounmfoun cunon n knacco na ypoko mafomafu-
ku. 3annfun no cnumkom unfopoconanu oio u ouonku wnu nocima
nuskumu. Ho, koina on, nyxnan n monfax, innnon n okno, oio
hocofuna mwcni: Ha nfo wn w hoxox mup, ocnu w nw cmofpo-
nu na noio co cnofonoio nyna Cnanana nw moinu hocnufafi fu
monfw hpocfo hycfou qanfasuou honpocfka, no, kak mw nunum,
Ounmfoun yknanino no qusunockou ocnsaomocfu cxuncn c fou
noopaxaomou koncfpykuuou. kakou-fo momonf hyfomocfnun
on hponcfanun, nfo, cunn na cnofonom ckakyno, nopxuf hopon
coou sopkano u hwfaofcn naufu n nom cnoo ofpaxonuo. Iohpoyu-
fo camu noopasufi, kak, hponofan n kocmoco, nw innnufoci n sop-
kano, saxafoo n pyko.
Hy u kak Ynunonu w cnoo ofpaxonuo unu nof
Ownno nknu, kofopwm n sanak fof nohpoc, ofnonanu na unu
nof. Hokofopwo ocfananuci n samomafonicfno. of on, kamoni
?5
hpofknononun! sanucumocfu of foio, kak moxno pasmwmnnfi o fou
hponomo, mw unu ofnofum ho-pasnomy, unu no ofnofum noomo.
Ionomy xo nosnukakf pasnwo ofnofw
Hfo ofnofun cam Ounmfoun Cnanana on pasmwmnnn fak: C
hosuuuu cfoponnoio nanknafonn, cunnmoio, nahpumop, na npou-
qykmom n hpocfpancfno acfopouno, kasanoci w, nfo hyfomocfnon-
nuk na cnofonom nyno no moxof paccmofpofi cnooio ofpaxonun.
Ofnofnuno nunno, kak ncannuk hocfonnno honckakunaof n nyno
cnofa, cnof yckonisaof c oio nuua. Iyfomocfnonnuk nnuxofcn n
cnofonom hofoko, u con camoio n sopkano pasinnnofi no moxof.
Ho cnonykmou mwcnik wno: Ho ocnu n fof camwu nocymuucn
na cnofonom nyno ncannuk, ofkyna mno usnocfno, nfo fo n nony co
ckopocfik cnofa, a no nanknafoni na acfopouno n hpofunohonox-
nom of monn nahpannonuu Ionomy oio fonka ofcnofa onoo poani-
na, nom mon Kak xo n ysnak, nfo concom no nnnnkci fonkou of-
cnofa nnn poaninocfu u nfo fof, cfpannuk na acfopouno, nnuxofcn
ofnocufonino monn cnu fo fak u n cnufak con inannou koopnu-
nafou, fo n nonxon nunofi cnoo ofpaxonuo, kak fo wno w n nkou
ownnou cufyauuu.
osnukaof nohpoc: Hin fonka sponun poanina
Hanknafoni na acfopouno ionopuf: co nnuxofcn ofnocufoni-
no monn!
A ncannuk na cnofonom nyno nospaxaof: Munyfonky! Ionomy fo
manonikuu acfopoun onoo poanon, nom mou nyn
?6
cnu w moxno wno nanknafi sa cufyauuou c ooux fonok sponun,
kak w nw ofnofunu
Ounmfoun nsnncn sa usynonuo qusuku, hwfanci naufu pomonuo
fou nnunmoucn n knomockom noopaxonuu hponomw, no cfonknyn-
cn c nokofopwmu hpofunoponunmu. Coinacno fpanuuuonnwm sako-
nam qusuku, ckopocfi nonn hponhonoxufonino sanucona foniko of
cpcu pachpocfpanonun, a no of nc1u4nnka nosnuknononun (nahpu-
mop, snykonwo nonnw n nono u n nosnyxo hyfomocfnykf c pasnou
ckopocfik nosanucumo of foio, kakon ucfonnuk snyka). coofnof-
cfnuu c nonnonou foopuou, nnn nanknafonn snykonwo nonnw of
hpoxonnmoio hoosna hokpwnakf paccfonnuo sa onno u fo xo npomn
nosanucumo of ckopocfu nnuxonun hoosna. Cnof, hponhonoxufoni-
no, foxo umoof nonnonyk hpupony, u fu nwnonw nnnfcn ucfunou
u nnn noio. Hononok na acfopouno, nanknakmuu sa Ounmfounom
u oio sopkanom, nonxon ncoina nunofi, kak ucnosaof cnof c nuua,
nonaxno, c kakou ckopocfik hpu fom hopomomaofcn Ounmfoun.
Ofo snanuf, nfo, ocnu nnuiaficn ncnon sa cnofom, ofpaxonuo n sop-
kano nonxno ucnosnyfi.
H nco xo Ounmfoun unfyufunno nyncfnonan, nfo usopaxonuo
no nonxno ucnosafi, fo wno w no onoo noponfnwm, nom nno-
sahnoo ucnosnononuo ionoca y haccaxupa naunopa, nofnmoio co
ckopocfik snyka. Ionomy poaninocfi nonxna uckaxaficn foniko nnn
nnuxymoiocn nanknafonn
C npyiou cfoponw, ocnu ofpaxonuo nnuxymoiocn nanknafonn no
ucnosno w c sopkana, fo nanknafoni na acfopouno cmoi nunofi,
kak cnof nahpannnofcn k sopkany co ckopocfik, naxu hponwma-
kmou cnok nopmaninyk, a fo no honxonuno w nu hon ohwf Ou-
nmfouna, nu hon oio yoxnonun.
Knaccunockan qusuka ncoina nsupana na mup c hosuuuu nohon-
nuxnoio nanknafonn. Hukfo n noucfnufoninocfu no moi oconnafi
cnofonou nyn foniko onun Ounmfoun, n noopaxonuu.
1of qakf, nfo ckoncfpyuponannwo Ounmfounom opasw sanou-
cfnonanu oio kunocfofunockyk cucfomy, nonano fof nohpoc ocoon-
no mouuonanino snanumwm nnn noio. no nusyaninwo hopchokfu-
nw (onna us hamnfu, npyian us noopaxonun) na yponno
omymonuu wnu onunakono poaninw nnn uccnononafonn. nn yno-
noio fo wno no hpocfo uipou pasyma, a nohpocom us uopapxuu
boxocfnonnwx mwcnou. Ounmfoun wn yoxnon, nfo nu onna
fonka ofcnofa no nnnnofcn poaninoo npyiou, u hohwfancn ynunofi,
nof nu fakou hosuuuu, c kofopou ckopocfi cnofa wna w onunako-
??
nou u nnn hyfomocfnonnuka c sopkanom, u nnn nanknafonn na ac-
fopouno.
noucfnufoninocfu kchopumonfafopw Muxonicon u Mopnou yxo
hponomoncfpuponanu, nfo ckopocfi cnofa ocfaofcn nousmonnou, usmo-
pnofcn nu ona c nohonnuxnou cucfomw unu c nnuxymoucn c hocfonn-
nou ckopocfik ofnocufonino ucfonnuka cnofa. Ho honnfi unu onc-
nufi fof posynifaf c fonku sponun cymocfnykmux n qusuko mononou
nukfo no moi.
Iomonuo hpumno, koina Ounmfoun honnn, nfo ckopocfi,
hpocfpancfno u npomn cnufanuci qynnamonfaninwmu cnoucfna-
mu poaninocfu, cymocfnykmumu nosanucumo of mafopuu u of na-
nknakmoio sa numu:
cnu w mafopun ucnosna, ocfanuci w onnu hpocfpan-
cfno u npomn (cnooio pona cuona nnn qusunockux cow-
fuu)
i
.
Ounmfoun ocosnanan, nfo fo numi hponhonoxonuo, nonfo,
nohocponcfnonno no hosnanaomoo, hockoniky nam ohwf omonun
c hpocfpancfnom u npomonom ncoina ohpononnncn omymonunmu
nanknafonou. Ofo u hpunono Ounmfouna k fomy, nfo nokofopwm
camwm asonwm namum hponhonoxonunm o poaninocfu wn pomon
nwson.
8uiun ucpnu -upuc1panc1ny
Coinacno Ounmfouny, uoni qusunockou moxanuku ohucw-
nafi, kak fona usmonnkf cnoo honoxonuo n hpocfpancfno c fononu-
om npomonu
2
.
Ofo yfnopxnonuo onimuncfno us nac hpunumaof kak nannocfi.
Ho, osananonnwu noopaxaomou nunommou co cnofonwm nynom,
Ounmfoun ionopun: Honcno, nfo snoci honumaofcn hon honoxo-
nuom u hpocfpancfnom.
J
Hfow yhpocfufi nunommy, Ounmfoun
cqopmynuponan oo, no n npyiou, onoo nuskou k poaninocfu, no-
opaxaomou koncfpykuuu:
H cfok y okna naiona pouconoio hoosna u ponnk (no no
pocak) kamoni na hoppon. 3afom nuxy, nfo nosanucumo
of cohpofunnonun nosnyxa kamoni cnuxaofcn ho hpnmou.
?8
Iomoxon, nanknakmuu fo osopasuo c fpofyapa, samo-
naof, nfo kamoni hanaof na somnk ho hapaono. H n sanak
nohpoc: kakan us fpaokfopuu poanina hpnman nunun unu
hapaona
4
3anymaufoci o fom na munyfy. Kak u nononok na acfopouno, mw
cnanana cknonnw nymafi, nfo hopchokfuna, kofopyk nanknaof
hpoxoxuu na hoppono nacfonman, hofomy nfo 3omnn onimo
hoosna. 1oina hpnman nunun, kofopyk nunuf haccaxup, ynof oh-
funockou unnksuou.
Ho ocnu n cnoom noopaxonuu mw ynonunum hoosn no pasmopa
3omnu u hponcfanum, kak on hpoosxaof mumo noo n kocmunockom
hpocfpancfno, pasnuua n nochpunfuu fpaokfopuu hanonun kamnn
coxpanufcn: hpofunocfonnuo ocfanofcn hpoxnum nin fonka ofcnofa
chpanonnuna 1ak, onnaxnw Ounmfoun chpocun hpononnuka:
kakoo npomn Hkpux hpuwnaof na fom hoosno
Ounmfoun honuman: fy hponomy fom xo fuhom mwmnonun,
kofopwu cosnan oo, no pomufi. H, cnononafonino, nano nwufu n
okpyxakmuu mup u fam sanafi fof xo nohpoc. Ounmfoun pomaof
opafufi cnou uccnononanun nnyfpi, na qopmaninwo hpununw
hpocfpancfna u npomonu. Hnnonun, hononwo ckopocfu, hpo-
cfpancfny u npomonu fo konuohuuu, unu haffopnw, poxnon-
nwo namum concopnwm u hcuxonoiunockum nochpunfuom. Ounm-
foun ofmonan:
Hayka saumcfnonana y nonaynnou mwcnu konuohuuu
hpocfpancfna, npomonu u mafopuaninoio ookfa. moc-
fo c numu hpumnu honnfun onu, uonu, namoponun u f.h.,
nsnfwo us hcuxonoiuu... usuku xaxnanu cnocfu unofa u
fona no nupauuu, hcuxonoiu mwcni u oni no nopnnwx
hpouoccon fakum opasom, nfow qusunockuu nomonf kak
Hpoxoxn enpn1 napa6ony napennn
uapnka o1nocn1enuno nacunn
Haccaxnp enpn1 npnuyk
nnnnk ns okna earona
?
fakonou wn ucknknon us hpununnou sanucumocfu u hofo-
my nukoina no nwcfyhan n kanocfno nosanucumoio snona n
cnynaunwx accouuauunx
5
.
Ounmfoun honuman nooxonumocfi noccfanonnonun nonocfakmo-
io snona n uohu cnynaunwx accouuauuu. io unfopoconan noh-
poc, nfo xo fakoo nnuxonuo n hpocfpancfno On ohpononun, nfo
ono moxof nochpunumaficn foniko ho ofnomonuk k nomy-nuyni
omo u hpumon k nwnony, nfo nnuxonuo cymocfnyof foniko n coof-
nomonuu c fonkou ofcnofa (fonom poqoponuuu). Hfak, ocnu y-
pafi u hoosn, u hoppon, kakan fpaokfopun hanonun kamnn ynof
nacfonmou H ofnocufonino noio on hanaof bonimuncfno nk-
nou, nosmoxno, ofnofuf: ofnocufonino hpocfpancfna. Ho nfo xo
fakoo hpocfpancfno nn ofnofa na fof nohpoc Ounmfouny hpu-
mnoci sainnnyfi inyxo n cnou cocfnonnwo hponcfannonun o hpu-
pono hpocfpancfna.
Icuxonoiunockoo hpoucxoxnonuo unou hpocfpan-
cfna unu noomo nooxonumocfi oo honnnonun nanoko no
fak ononunnw, kak moxof hokasaficn c hosuuuu hpunwn-
noio mwmnonun... Onu nnymonw ohponononnwmu hpumu-
funnwmu ohwfamu. Iponcfanifo, nfo ckoncfpyuponan
nmuk ky. Iponmofw moxno pasmocfufi n nom fakum
opasom, nfo on ynof honnocfik sahonnon.
osmoxnocfi sahonnnficn usnyfpu cnoucfno mafopu-
aninoio ookfa, kopoku. Ono pasnunno nnn pasnun-
nwx kopook, fo nonfo nhonno ocfocfnonnoo, no sanucn-
moo of foio, qakfa, naxonnfcn nu nnyfpu kakuo-nuo
hponmofw unu nof. cnu nof, fo hpocfpancfno okaxofcn
hycfwm.
8O
Hfak, no cux hop nama konuohuun hpocfpancfna accouu-
uponanaci c kopokou. Okaswnaofcn, nfo nosmoxnocfi pas-
momafi hponmofw nnyfpu nannoio hpocfpancfna no sanucuf
of fonmunw cfon kopoku. Ho moxno nu cokpafufi fonmu-
ny no nynn, no hofopnn hpu fom camo hpocfpancfno c-
focfnonnocfi fakoio oipanununakmoio hpouocca ononunna,
u fohopi hopon namum mwcnonnwm nsopom ocfaofcn onno
hpocfpancfno, os hokpona camoononunnan nomi, u nco-
faku nopoaninan, ocnu sawfi o hpoucxoxnonuu fou kon-
uohuuu
6
.
Hfak, hycfoo hpocfpancfno hponcfannnof coou kopoky os
kopoku, os oipanununakmux cfon... 1akum opasom, namo hon-
cosnanuo hponhonaiaof, nfo cymocfnyof nonfo, qopmupykmoo namy
cononnyk, noonfnan nohonnuxnan hycfan kopoka, ofnocu-
fonino kofopou nnuxofcn nco ocfaninoo. cnu ypafi u somnk, u
hoosn, fo kamoni ynof hanafi ofnocufonino fou oipomnou, sac-
fwnmou kopoku.
Hchonisyn fu hpumufunnwo hponcfannonun o hpocfpancfno,
Ounmfoun cmoi nokofopwo us nux honnopinyfi comnonuk.
Koina moniman kopoka s pachonoxona n ofnocufoni-
nom hokoo nnyfpu honoio hpocfpancfna onimou ho oomy
kopoku S, foina hycfoo hpocfpancfno n s-manou nnnnof-
cn nacfik hycfoio hpocfpancfna S-onimoio, u hpocfpan-
cfno, conopxamoo S-onimoo u s-manoo hpunannoxuf um
ooum. Koina s-manoo nnuxofcn ofnocufonino S-onimo-
io, nco cfanonufcn cnoxnoo. Kfo-fo cknonon nymafi, nfo
s-manoo ynof saknknafi n coo ncoina fo xo camoo hpo-
cfpancfno, no n pasnunnwx nacfnx S. 3afom nooxonumo
ynof pachpononufi nnn kaxnou kopoku cnoo ocooo hpo-
8i
cfpancfno... u hponhonoxufi, nfo nco onu nnuiakfcn ofno-
cufonino npyi npyia.
o foio, kak nononok ocosnaof, nackoniko cnoxnan
mwcnonnan koncfpykuun honynufcn, hpocfpancfno ynof
kasaficn omy nooipanunonnou cponou unu konfounopom,
n kofopom hnanakf mafopuaninwo ookfw. C foio mo-
monfa nano sahomnufi omo u fo, nfo hpocfpancfn cymo-
cfnyof ocnucnonnoo mnoxocfno u nco onu nnuiakfcn of-
nocufonino npyi npyia
?
.
Hfak, mw hponcfannnom cononnyk osipanunnou cponou unu
konfounopom, sahonnonnwm nnuxymumucn mafopuaninwmu ook-
famu ynfo Iochoni boi pasmocfun n onnou oipomnou kopoko
nco mafopuaninwo ookfw, cocfannnkmuo namy cononnyk. Ho
ocnu sanymaficn inyxo, fo hpunofcn hpusnafi, nfo fo oncno-
nuo cnumkom hpocfoo. Iofonuuaninwx kopook c saknknonnwm
n nux hpocfpancfnom mnoxocfno, u no cymocfnyof onuncfnonnoio
onimoio S-hpocfpancfna nnn npouqykmoio n nom s-manoio. Cko-
poo onimoo S-hpocfpancfno fo cucme+u o:uu+oomnomenuu mox-
ny ncomu manwmu s-hpocfpancfnamu.
Bcenennan -a1o ne "ynaxonannm" xon1enep; a1o cnc1ema
naanmoo1nomenn mexpy earpannunmmn npoc1panc1namn
S
S
82
Ounmfoun ionopuf: Mw honnocfik ucknknaom cmyfnoo cnono hpo-
cfpancfno, koomy, nano nocfno hpusnaficn, no moxom naufu nu ma-
noumoio oncnonun, u samonnom oio cnonoconofanuom nnuxonuo,
ofnocufonino hpakfunocku nohonnuxnoio fona ofcnofa.
1akum opasom, nam ncannuk na cnofonom nyno u nanknafoni
c acfopouna ofnkni no nnnnkfcn hnanakmumu n boxiou kopo-
ko onunom oipomnom nohonnuxnom u hycfom konfounopo hpon-
mofa. Onu hponcfannnkf coou nna manwx s-hpocfpancfna, cponu
mnoxocfna manwx unwx s-hpocfpancfn, nnuxymuxcn ofnocufonino
npyi npyia. 1o xo okaxofcn nopnwm u nnn homoxona c haccaxupom
hoosna. cononnan, ino oufakf nco fu hopconaxu, cofnopona us
ockononnoio nucna hpocfpancfn, nnuxymuxcn ofnocufonino npyi
npyia.
osmoxno, hononoo cmomonuo akuonfa n asonom hponcfanno-
nuu o hpupono hpocfpancfna no kaxofcn cfoni npamafunnwm, no
ofkpwnaomwo um hofonuuaninwo nosmoxnocfu oipomnw. Onu
hpunonu Ounmfouna k hopocmofpy u npyiux qynnamonfaninwx hpon-
cfannonuu o cononnou.
8uiun n1upu -aiunuv upcuunuxcnnxv
u "ununpcvcnnuc1n"
Knaccunockoo usmoponuo hpocfpancfna sanucuf of nivcpxmc-
ru -nanamcru sa nananom u konuom kakoio-nuo ohwfa hpu
homomu hpuopa usmoponun, nahpumop nunouku. Ounmfoun ocos-
nanan, nfo sa ohponononuom onnonpomonnocfu cfouf qynnamon-
faninoo hponhonoxonuo onnonpomonnocfu hpoucxonnmux cowfuu:
u nanano, u konou nanknaomoio ookfa na nunouko nunnw n onno
u fo xo npomn. Xofn fo hponhonoxonuo nhonno coofnofcfnyof na-
momy nopmaninomy (xofn u oipanunonnomy) nochpunfuk mupa, no
kak wfi c ononi onimumu paccfonnunmu (no hnanof u no snosn) u
ononi manwmu (paccfonnuo moxny afomamu), cnopxckopocfnmu (cko-
pocfi cnofa) unu c nnuxonuom nnyx hpocfpancfn ofnocufonino
npyi npyia
Ounmfoun honuman, nfo ncn qusuka u n ocnonnom nco chocow
nochpunfun nknimu mupa cfpounuci na ohponononnwx hponhonoxo-
nunx o usmoponuu. Hahpumop, kak nw ohpononufo, c kakou cko-
8J
pocfik mnufcn ncannuk na cnofonom nyno Kak noomo mw usmopnom
nfo-nuo na somno bopom usmopufoninwu hpuop-nunouky, usmopu-
foninyk nonfy u f.h., ycfanannunaom onunuuy usmoponun u ofmonaom,
ino nanano u ino konou.
A ocnu ookf, kofopwu n usmopnk, nnuxofcn ononi wcfpo H
moi w nunofi oio nonwu kpau n nanano nunouku, ckaxom, no npo-
mn -i (t
i
), no, koina n hoponony inasa, nfow ynunofi, ino fof
ookf sakannunaofcn, on cnnunofcn. Hnwmu cnonamu, ocnu n nanny
usmopnfi ookf (nahpumop nocky), konuonfpupynci na onnou numi
oio cfopono no npomn t
i
, u n fof momonf, koina n hocmofpk na nu-
nouky u na usmopnomyk nacfi nocku, nfow hponopufi: conhanakf
nu nononun, nocka nannof nnuiaficn. 1oina n cmoiy usmopufi numi
nokofopyk nacfi hponmofa of noucfnufoninoio oio pasmopa.
cnu w nw, naxonnci na acfopouno, hohwfanuci usmopufi nu-
noukou nonfo nnuxymoocn, n fo npomn, koina nw ynofo hopononufi
nsinnn c onnoio konua nunouku na npyiou, nam ookf ynofuf na
nocima cymocfnonnoo paccfonnuo.
Hfow honynufi onoo ncnyk kapfuny nannou konuohuuu u
ofkpwfi, kakuo xo kaxymuocn occhopnwmu honoxonun cfonf sa
nou, Ounmfoun pucyof cumnonunockuu opas:
Monnun ynapuna n ponicw na xonosnonopoxnom honof-
no n fonkax A u 8, pachonoxonnwx nanoko npyi of npyia.
nohonnonuo ckaxy, nfo fu nno nchwmku hpousomnu
onnonpomonno. cnu n chpomy nac, ocfi nu cmwcn n fom
yfnopxnonuu, nw pomufonino ofnofufo na. Ho ocnu n
O6ek1, penxyuncn co
ckopoc1uk cee1a
Henopenxnan nnneka
Henopenxnu
na6nkpa1enu
I
2
I
1
I
2
I
1
84
hohpomy nac fonnoo oncnufi mno cmwcn foio nnnonun,
fo, honyman, nw confofo, nfo nco no fak hpocfo, kak kasa-
noci c hopnoio nsinnna.
osmoxno, kakoo-fo npomn chycfn hposnynuf ofnof:
3nanumocfi hononoio yfnopxnonun ncna cama ho coo u
n naninoumux oncnonunx no nyxnaofcn. osmoxno, nano
nco-faku hopasmwcnufi u, omo nynmo, honanknafi, nfo-
w ynoponno sannufi o onnonpomonnocfu cowfuu.
H no ynonnofnopon ofnofom, u nof honomy. Iponcfa-
num, nfo nokuu mofooponoi nonaof ofkpwfuo: monnuu nco-
ina ynapnkf n fonku A u 8 onnonpomonno. Ham nyxno
hponopufi fof foopofunockuu posynifaf na hpakfuko. H
c hononou fpynnocfik mw cfankunaomcn no ncox yfnopx-
nonunx n qusuko, ino unof poni o onnonpomonnocfu
8
.
Hfak, sannnonuk snanumocfi yfnopxnonun ncna cama ho coo u
no nyxnaofcn n naninoumux oncnonunx honhucan hpuionop.
Oncnonuo nco-faku nyxno.
Ounmfoun hpononxaof paccyxnafi:
Onyman fof nohpoc, nw hponnoxufo cnonykmuu hpo-
noponnwu focf: paccfonnuo /A8/ nano usmopufi u homoc-
fufi cfoponnoio nanknafonn hocoponuno M (cponunnan
fonka). Y nanknafonn umokfcn nna sopkana, naknonon-
nwo hon yinom O`, nfo hosnonnof omy nunofi A u 8 onno-
npomonno. cnu on ynunuf nno nchwmku monnuu n onno
u fo xo npomn, onu u ynyf onnonpomonnwmu.
Monnnn Monnnn
Cpepnnnan 1oka
uexpy A n B
M
Bepkana
Ha6nkpakun
85
Mno ononi hpunfno cnwmafi fo paccyxnonuo, no n no
moiy cnocfi nono pomonnwm, hockoniky nwnyxnon nospasufi:
namo ohponononuo moxno wno w hpusnafi nopnwm, ocnu
w n snan, nfo cnof, nochpunumaomwu nanknafonom n hyn-
kfo M nnuxofcn of A no M c fou xo ckopocfik, nfo u of 8
no M. A fo uccnononanuo moxno hponocfu foniko n fom
cnynao, ocnu n namom pachopnxonuu ynyf cponcfna usmopo-
nun npomonu. 1akum opasom, mw nnuxomcn ho noiunocko-
my kpyiy.
Ionyman omo nomnoio, nw cmopufo monn hpospufoni-
nwm nsinnnom u usponofo: H nwnnunyn moo hponwnymoo
ohponononuo, hofomy nfo n noucfnufoninocfu n nom nu-
noio no ionopufcn o cnofo. Ioni unof o onnonpomonnoc-
fu, u foniko, u n kaxnom poaninom cnynao hpanofa kon-
uohuuu nokaswnaofcn mhupunocku. Ofomy fpoonanuk
moo ohponononuo, nocomnonno, ofnonaof. 1o, nfo cno-
fy hofpoyofcn fo xo camoo npomn, nfow hopoconi hyfi of
A no M u of 8 no M, n noucfnufoninocfu no umoof nuka-
koio ofnomonun k qusunockou hpupono cnofa, fo numi
ycnonuo, kofopoo n nonon yhomnnyfi unu nof n cnoom oh-
ponononuu onnonpomonnocfu

.
Hfow hponomoncfpuponafi, nfo cowfun hpoucxonnf onnonpo-
monno, nam nyxno hponhonoxufi, nfo cymocfnyof choco usmopo-
nun npomonu onnonpomonno hpoucxonnmux cowfuu. nn foio nfo-
w pasopnafi fof noiunockuu hoponnwu kpyi, mw nonxnw ycnonufi-
cn, nfo onnonpomonno snanuf, nfo nanknafoni nunuf nna pan-
noynanonnwx cowfun, hpoucxonnmumu onnonpomonno ofnocufoni-
no cponunnou fonku M.
Ounmfoun hpononxaof komunafopnyk uipy:
o cux hop mw offankunanuci of ocooio fona ofcno-
fa, kofopoo ohpononunu kak xonosnonopoxnan nacwhi.
Iponcfanum coo ononi nnunnwu cocfan, nnuxymuucn ho
ponicam c hocfonnnou ckopocfik Y u n ykasannom na pu-
cynko nahpannonuu. knu, hyfomocfnykmuo na hoosno,
cnufakf oio fnopnou fonkou ofcnofa; nco cowfun nokpyi
hpoucxonnf ofnocufonino noio. Ohponononuo onnonpomon-
nocfu hpumonumo k hoosny fak xo, kak u k xonosnonopox-
nou nacwhu. Conopmonno ocfocfnonno nosnukaof cnony-
kmuu nohpoc:
86
na cowfun (nahpumop, fo xo ynapw monnuu n fonko A u
fonko 8) hpoucxonnf onnonpomonno ofnocufonino hoosna fak
xo, kak u ofnocufonino honofna xonosnou nopoiu Ham
hponcfouf nohocponcfnonno hponomoncfpuponafi noiafunnwu
ofnof.
Ionopn, nfo monnun ynapnof n A u 8 onnonpomonno of-
nocufonino nacwhu, mw umoom n nuny cnonykmoo: nynu
cnofa of ynapon monnuu uchyckakfcn n fonku A u 8, ncfpo-
nakfcn hocoponuno paccfonnun A 8 n fonko M

. Ho co-
wfun A u 8 fakxo coofnocnfcn c honoxonuom fux fo-
nok A u 8 na hoosno. Iycfi M

ynof hocoponuno paccfo-

nnun A 8 na xonosnonopoxnom cocfano. Kak foniko
cnopknynu nchwmku cnofa (cmofpum c nacwhu), fonka M

ocfocfnonno conhanaof c M na honofno, no M

nnuxofcn
nmocfo c hoosnom. cnu nanknafoni, cunnmuu n fonko
M

no ynof nnuiaficn c fou xo ckopocfik, nfo u hoosn,

on ocfanofcn na M, u cnofonwo nynu of monnuu n fonko A
u fonko 8 nocfuinyf oio onnonpomonno; onu ncfpofnfcn kak
pas fam, ino on pachonoxuncn. A n noucfnufoninocfu, on
chomuf ho nahpannonuk k nyny 8, ynocnci hponi of nyna
A. Cnononafonino, nanknafoni ynunuf nyn cnofa, ucxo-
nnmuu of 8, panimo, nom of A. Hanknakmuo sa iposou
usnyfpu hoosna saknknaf, nfo nchwmka 8 hpousomna
panimo, nom A"
iO
.
H, kak fo wno c konuohuuou hpocfpancfna, Ounmfoun naxo-
nuf fonky, n kofopou onoxnw cfapwx hponhonoxonuu paspwnakf-
cn: ocnonwnanci na ohponononuu onnonpomonnocfu, fo xo camwo
Cpepnnnan 1oka
uexpy A n B
Monnnn Monnnn Ha6nkpakun 2
Bepkana
Ha6nkpakun 1
M
M
8?
cowfun no nwinnnnf fakonwmu c hosuuuu nnuxymoiocn u nohonnux-
noio nanknafonn. co no fak hpocfo, kak cnufanoci hpoxno.
Cnanana, mw ynom cknonnw cnufafi pasnuuy n nochpunfuu npomo-
nu ohfunockou unnksuou nnuxymoiocn nanknafonn. Ho fom camwm
hocfanum nanknafonn na xonosnonopoxnou nacwhu n nokyk ocoyk
hpununoiuponannyk hosuuuk. cnu w oa onu nanknanu sa cow-
funmu n kocmoco c acfopounon onunakonoio pasmopa, nocoofnofcfnuo
wno w fakum xo. Ipocfo fam nohpoc npomonu wn w noomo
noymocfon.
Ounmfoun hpuxonuf k nwnony:
Cowfun, hpoucxonnmuo onnonpomonno ofnocufoni-
no xonosnonopoxnou nacwhu, no onnonpomonnw ofnocu-
fonino hoosna u naoopof (honnfuo ofnocufoninocfu on-
nonpomonnocfu). Y kaxnoio fona ofcnofa ocfi cocfnonnoo
ocooo npomn, u ocnu fakoio ofnocufoninoio fona nof, nof
cmwcna noomo ionopufi o npomonu, n kofopoo fo cow-
fuo hpoucxonuf.
o honnnonun foopuu ofnocufoninocfu n qusuko os-
monnno hpunumanaci aconkfnocfi npomonu, fo ocfi oio
nosanucumocfi of nnuxonuu ofnocufoninoio fona. Ho mw
foniko nfo ynunonu, nackoniko fo honoxonuo nocohoc-
fanumo c camwm ocfocfnonnwm ohponononuom onnonpomon-
nocfu
ii
.
Hfak, nokamu xuno no honnananmoocn ocyxnonuk hponhonoxo-
nuo: cowfun no cononnou hpoucxonnf n noonfnou, nonno no-
honnuxnou kopoko, ohpononnkmou nacfonmoo hpocfpancfno
u nacfonmoo npomn. Mwcnufoninwo kchopumonfw Ounmfou-
na sacfannnkf n fom ycomnuficn. H nwnon, cnonannwu um, cno-
nykmuu: boi no sanumancn usiofonnonuom onnoio oipomnoio kon-
founopa ckopoo, oio hponykuuou nnunoci nocmofnoo nucno
manonikux kopoonok co cnoum ocowm npomonom, hopomoma-
kmuxcn ofnocufonino npyi npyia.
8uiun 1pc1n -8pcvcnn
Ounmfoun honnopi comnonuk honoxonun o onnonpomonnocfu
u n posynifafo cnonan nwnon o fom, nfo y kaxnoio fona ocfi cnoo
ocooo npomn, kofopwu sacfanun oio ycomnuficn n fpanuuuonnom
nsinnno na npomn u fak naswnaomyk ookfunnyk poaninocfi.
88
Hfo mw umoom n nuny, ionopn o ookfunnocfu npomonu Iaccmof-
pum hpumop. Hononok A snaof, nfo fakoo monnun. fo xo camoo
npomn ocfi nokfo 8, y koio umoofcn cocfnonnwu ohwf nanknonun sa
monnuou: A honumaof, nfo y 8 ocfi cnou ohwf. 1om camwm ohwf A
hopocfaof wfi ynukaninwm: monnuk moinu nunofi mnoiuo. 1akum
opasom us paspnna ohwfa fo honnfuo hopononufcn n pani ook-
funnwx cowfuu. Hmonno ux mw umoom n nuny, koina ionopum o
poaninom nnomnom mupo.
Ha hopnwu nsinnn, kaxofcn ononunnwm, nfo npomonnoo pacho-
noxonuo cowfuu coinacyofcn c npomonnwm hopnnkom ohwfon.
omom, honcosnafonino fak ono u wno, hoka n fom no ycomnu-
nuci ckohfunockuo ymw. |Hahpumop, yhopnnononnocfi ohwfon no
npomonu, nocfuinyfan akycfunockumu cponcfnamu, moxof ofnunafi-
cn of ownnoio hopnnka, u hopou nonisn ofoxnocfnufi npomonnyk
hocnononafoninocfi cowfuu c hocnononafoninocfik ohwfon|.
i2
Ounmfoun ykaswnan, nfo konuohuun ookfunnoio npomonu ho
cyfu cnoou nnnnofcn qynkuuou coinaconannou poaninocfu. Koi-
na nnoo pasnonnkf hoxoxuu ohwf, y nux honnnnofcn fonnonuun ho-
nopufi, nfo cowfuo ookfunno (na camom xo nono onu oa ouo-
nunakf cowfun c onnou hopchokfunw). H, kononno, fa cymma
cowfuu cocfannnof asuc namux couuaninou, honufunockou,
ponuiuosnou u naynnou cucfom.
co mw pasymom hpusnaom honnfuo coinaconannan poaninocfi
u fof qakf, nfo cymocfnyof mnoxocfno pasnwx cyokfunnwx po-
aninocfou, no cknonnw honaiafi, nfo cymocfnyof una nacfonman
ookfunnan poaninocfi, a cyokfunnwo nnnnkfcn numi onoo unu
monoo oo hpunusufoninwm honouom. Ounmfoun hponhonaiaof, nfo
n noucfnufoninocfu cymocfnyof mnoxocfno pasnunnwx ookfun-
nwx poaninocfou.
cnon sa Ounmfounom mw ownno cnufaom, nfo hocnononafoni-
nocfi namoio concopnoio ohwfa coinacyofcn c npomonnou hocnono-
nafoninocfik cowfuu n poaninocfu, no qakfunocku hpusnaom
cymocfnonanuo nocoofnofcfnuu moxny hopnnkom cowfuu. Hahpu-
mop, mw nunum nchwmky monnuu na nockoniko cokynn panimo
ipoxofanun ipoma, nfo sanucuf of pasnuuw n ckopocfu snyka u cko-
pocfu cnofa.
H nnoni Ounmfoun nahpannnof cnoo nnumanuo k inyunam noh-
poca, uccnonyn qopmaninwo hpununw npomonu. A kak nacnof
hcuxonoiunockoio hpoucxoxnonun konuohuuu npomonu Hocomnon-
no, ona cnnsana c qakfom hpuhomunanun (hpuxonuf na ym) fak
8
xo, kak c pasnunuom moxny concopnwmu ohwfamu u ux nchomunanu-
om. Comnufonino, nfo hcuxonoiunocku mw nohocponcfnonno ocosna-
om fo pasnunuo. Kaxnomy snakomo omymonuo a wno nu fo noucfnu-
fonino co mnou unu n hpocfo monfan o fom
oponfno, choconocfi pasnunafi fu nno anifopnafu-
nw nnnnofcn posynifafom nonfoninocfu mosia, yhopnnonu-
nakmoio cowfun.
Ohwf accouuupyofcn c hpuhomunanuom u paccmaf-
punaofcn kak wnmuu panoo ho cpannonuk c nacfonmum
ohwfom. Ofo konuohfyaninwu yhopnnonunakmuu hpun-
uuh nchomunanun ohwfon u nosmoxnocfi oio hpumononun
poxnaof cyokfunnyk konuohuuk npomonu, fo ocfi kon-
uohuuk, coofnocnmykcn c opianusauuou unnununyymom
cnoux xusnonnwx ohwfon.
iJ
Hfak, coinacno Ounmfouny, namo cyokfunnoo omymonuo npo-
monu hponcfannnof coou hocnononafoninocfi namux nnyfponnux
pohposonfauuu. Koina mw cnnswnaom unu accouuupyom ohwfw, fo
yxo hponhonaiaom, nfo kakuo-fo us nux hponmocfnykf npyium cny-
nunuci no npomonu panimo, nom nochomunanun, cnonykmuo sa
numu. Ofo hpupannunanuo npomonu k nunounou hocnononafoni-
nocfu namux nochomunanuu nnnnofcn nosmoxno, onnum us namux
camwx asonwx occosnafoninwx hponhonoxonuu o poaninocfu. H
xofn fa coofnoconnocfi moxny namum ohwfom hocnononafoninoc-
fu cowfuu u npomonom nwinnnuf conopmonno pasymnou u ocfo-
cfnonnou, Ounmfoun sanaofcn nohpocom: ofpaxaofcn nu n fom
hponhonoxonuu ookfunnan hpupona npomonu unu fo nama fonka
sponun nanknafonou Moxno nu hponcfanufi npomn unano, nom
nunounyk hocnononafoninocfi
HI uccnononanuci pasnunnwo chocow cyokfunnoio hpon-
cfannonun nknou o npomonu u nnunnuo fux chocoon na nochpun-
fuo u ouonky cowfuu. (xoumc u yncmonn, i8?; Annpoac, i8?;
unfc, i8?, iO; bnnnop, i88, iJ). Iponcfannonuo nknou
o hpomnom u ynymom u fo, kakum opasom onu nwcfpaunakf co-
wfun no npomonu, ononi nacfo nnunof na ux mwcnu, mouuu u
hnanw.
3anymaufoci na minononuo o fom, kak cyokfunno nw nochpu-
numaofo npomn. Ionymaufo o nom-fo, cnynunmomcn: a) nnopa, )
na hpomnou nonono; n) ion nasan. Kak nw ysnaofo, nfo onno cow-
O
fuo hpousomno noni, a npyioo ion nasan Kak nw hponcfannnofo pac-
cfonnuo moxny pasnwmu cowfunmu no npomonu
1ohopi nsinnnufo na nacw u samofifo, kofopwu nac. Ofnonufo nsinnn
of nacon u hocmofpufo na nux nnoni nopos nno c hononunou munyfw.
Kak nw ionopufo coo, nfo hpomno umonno fakoo konunocfno npomo-
nu w fo omymaofo ho-npyiomy, nom n hponwnymom hpumopo c of-
cfonmumu no npomonu cowfunmu
asonou mononu HI ocfi nno qynnamonfaninwo hopchokfu-
nw nochpunfun npomonu: nknknonnoo npomn u cknosnoo npomn.
"Cxnoanan" Rnnnn Bpemenn. Depcnex1nna nenopnnxnoro nanmpa1enn
na ac1eponpe nnn xeneanopopoxno nacmnn
Koina kfo-fo nochpunumaof cowfuo cknosi npomn, hynkf na-
nknonun naxonufcn nno hocnononafoninocfu cowfuu, nuccouuu-
ponanno of nanknaomoio u usmopnomoio. C fou hopchokfunw nu-
nun npomonu oosponaofcn kak pacxonnmancn nahpano u nanono
hpnman nunun, a nacfonmoo naxonufcn ino-fo hocoponuno.
Ipu nochpunfuu hopchokfunw nknknonnoo npomn hynkf na-
nknonun accouuupyofcn c hpoucxonnmum cowfuom, honono ncan-
nuky na cnofonom nyno unu haccaxupy hoosna. C fou hosuuuu na-
cfonmoo fo fo, ino nononok naxonufcn n nannwu momonf,
ynymoo nhoponu, u nw opamonw k nomy nuuom, hpomnoo sa
chunou.
Ofu nno pasnwo hopchokfunw cosnakf pasnwo nochpunfun onno-
io u foio xo cowfun. Ounmfouna unfopoconano, hpu kakux pas-
Hac1onuee
Ceac"
Reeo Hpaeo
A B
Hpounoe Eypyuee
Hocne" Hepep 1eu"
i
nwx chocoax nochpunfun npomn hpuofkpoofcn nam n coofnofcfnuu c
namumu kapfamu cononnou. Hahpumop, ocnonwnanci na saknknonuu,
nfo y kaxnoio fona ocfi cnoo ocoonnoo npomn, kak mw moxom ysnafi,
nfo fakoo npomn u kak oio usmopufi Ownnwu ofnof: cmofpum na nacw;
c hopchokfunw cknosnoio npomonu u mw, u nacw nohonnuxnw. A
ocnu nsinnnyfi c npyiou hopchokfunw
H cnona Ounmfoun pucyof cumnonunockyk kapfuny, usopaxan con
n fpamnao, n kofopom on kaxnwu noni osnun na paofy. 1pamnau hpo-
osxan mumo onimux amonnwx nacon. Opas nacon hpunocuncn cno-
fom, ckonisnmum mumo nanknafonn, honono fokymou n nusuno poko.
Hac1onuee
Ceac"
A B
Hpounoe Eypyuee
Hocne" Hepep 1eu"
Cee1 o1paxae1cn o1 unqep6na1a
ee cekynpu nasap Opny cekynpa nasap Ceac
Henopenxnu
na6nkpa1enu
"Bxnmuennoe npemn". Depcnex1nna nanmpa1enn,
pnnxyerocn nacne1onom nyue nnn noeape
2
Hsopaxonuo nacon cokynny nasan ofcfouf na cfo nocominocnf mocfi
fwcnn muni of haccaxupa fpamnan k fomy npomonu, koina cnof hpuno-
cuf usopaxonuo nnuxonun cokynnnou cfponku k cnonykmomy nononuk.
Ounmfouna saunfopoconano, nfo hpousomno w, ocnu w fpamnau
nanan nnuiaficn no npomonu co ckopocfik cnofa kak fohopi, innnn
na nacw, on w nochpunuman npomn coofnofcfnuu co cnoou noo-
paxaomou koncfpykuuou on nonxon wfi ncoina cocponofonon na opa-
so, hpunoconnom n hopnyk cokynny. pomn (ofnocufonino nacon) oc-
fanonunoci.
A ocnu fpamnau homnufcn co ckopocfik, hponwmakmou ckopocfi
cnofa On nannof noionnfi cnof, ofpasunmuucn of uuqopnafa nno
unu fpu cokynnw nasan. pomn, kaxofcn, hounof nchnfi! Ho fo
foniko fak kaxofcn unu noucfnufonino nosmoxno! Iohpoyufo
hponuknyfi n fy noopaxaomyk koncfpykuuk, u nw hohanofo n
nonymky konapnoio nohpoca! Ounmfoun humof:
onxon hpusnaficn, nfo n camom nanano, koina Oco-
an 1oopun ofnocufoninocfu foniko poxnanaci no mno, n
wn pasnupaom nconosmoxnwmu nopnnwmu konqnukfamu.
Cee1 o1paxae1cn o1 unqep6na1a
ee cekynpu nasap Opny cekynpy nasap Ceac
Henopenxnu
na6nkpa1enu
Cee1 o1paxae1cn o1 unqep6na1a
ee cekynpu nasap Opny cekynpa nasap Ceac
Henopenxnu
na6nkpa1enu
J
bynynu mononwm, n nononnmu usoian nknou, naxonnci n
samomafonicfno, kak nononok, kofopomy hponcfonno hpoono-
nofi usymnonuo u mok, nhopnwo cfonknynmuci c hononwm
nohpocom
i4
.
Hcno, nfo nnn Ounmfouna nco fo no wno foniko foopofunoc-
kou unu mafomafunockou uipou. On xofon snafi boxocfnonnwo
mwcnu. Ofnof wn xusnonno naxon nnn omymonun Ounmfounom
poaninocfu u honumanun cocfnonnou nunnocfu. cn Hikfononc-
kan poaninocfi cfpounaci na hponhonoxonunx o acun1nuc1n npo-
monu u hpocfpancfna, no n posynifafo komunafopnou uipw y Oun-
mfouna nosnuknu nohpocw, honnopimuo comnonuk qynnamonfani-
nyk hpupony npomonu u hpocfpancfna, kofopwo, hoxoxo, no nn-
nnnuci aconkfnwm, a wnu mwcnufoninwmu kchopumonfamu
Iochona boia.
ymak, na nannom faho naxno homnufi, nfo fu nohpocw u
nwnonw no wnu hpocfo sofopunockumu pasmwmnonunmu xonak-
moio hpousnocfu concauuk ynonoio. 1o usmononun, kofopwo onu
sa coou honnoknu, nwmocfunu nopoiy n afomnwu nok, k kocmu-
nockum hyfomocfnunm u iuonu nocnfkon fwcnn nknou n Xupocumo
u Haiacaku.
Hcku1upuc ina4cnnx
1cupnn u1nucn1cntnuc1n Onm1cna
cnu nw, innnn n nonnoo noo, ynunufo yny u snosnw, fo, nopo-
nfno, honymaofo, nfo nco fo hpoucxonuf n onno u fo xo npomn.
noucfnufoninocfu yna naxonufcn k nam iopasno nuxo, nom snosnw,
u usnynaomwu ok cnof hponofaof monimoo paccfonnuo u nocfuiaof na-
mux inas panimo, nom cnof snosn. Cunn na namom manonikom acfopou-
no u innnn na snosnw n nonu, mw nymaom, nfo nco, nfo nunum, hpouc-
xonuf onnonpomonno. Ho hohpoyufo usmopufi paccfonnuo moxny
snosnamu, u nam hpunofcn usmopnfi paccfonnuo moxny cowfunmu,
hpousomonmumu hnfinocnf fwcnn nof nasan c cowfunmu nnyxfwcnno-
nofnou nannocfu.
w ninnnwnaofoci n ucfopuk, no npomn, a no foniko n hpocfpan-
cfno u paccfonnuo. (Hac, nanopnoo, cmyfuf, nfo cnopxnonan snosna,
choconan paspymufi 3omnk, ponunaci fwcnny nof nasan, a mw nco omo
no snaom o fom, hofomy nfo cnumkom nonio nofuf k 3omno cnof,
nocymuu unqopmauuk o poxnonuu snosnw. Kononno, koina hpuy-
nof cnof, nmocfo c num hpuynof u hponoma!)
4
1o xo camoo hpoucxonuf u c connonnwmu nynamu, coiponakmumu u
napnmumu saiap namou koxo fu nynu honnunuci no counac, no n
nacfonmuu momonf, ho kpaunou mopo, no n fof camwu, koina mw no-
xumcn na connwmko.
Apucfofoni yfnopxnan: Honfo, oipanunonnoo hponcfannonuom
counac u cnufaofcn npomonom. Ofo counac hoxoxo na noxamyk
moxny hpomnwm u ynymum fonky na nunuu. C fou fonku sponun,
npomn honono nofnmou foniko n onnom nahpannonuu cfpono. Ipo-
mnoo nancoina ocfannono hosanu, ynymoo omo no cnopmunoci u ncn
cononnan naxonufcn n onnom counac, nocymomcn n ynymoo.
Ounmfoun ykaswnan:
Counac fopnof nnn hpofnxonnoio n hpocfpancfno mupa
cnoo ookfunnoo snanonuo... Ipocfpancfno u npomn pac-
cmafpunakfcn kak nofwpoxmopnan nohpopwnnocfi (chnom-
nan cpona), ookfunno no usmopnoman... Ipownanuo n
fakou nofwpoxmopnou cfpykfypo no ocfannnof mocfa nnn
ookfunnoio counac; honnfun hpoucxonnmoio u cfa-
nonnmoiocn honnocfik no ucknknakfcn, onnako nocima
sahyfannw. H cnononafonino, onoo ocfocfnonnou hpon-
cfannnofcn mwcni o qusunockou poaninocfu kak o nofwpox-
mopnom, noxonu fpoxmopnom cymocfnonanuu
i5
.
nn Ounmfouna poaninocfi no moxof wfi onunou nunounou
nonkuuou fpoxmopnou xusnu, onunakonou honckny no conon-
nou. Hamo counac nnn kakux-fo nacfou cononnou ynymoo, a
nnn npyiux hpomnoo. Ipu nofwpoxmopnom cymocfnonanuu hpo-
mnoo u ynymoo hponcfannnkf coou honnfun fakoio xo hopnn-
ka (cymocfnykmuo onnonpomonno), kak nnopx u nnus unu nhpa-
no u nnono. pomn fo nonfo, cknosi kofopoo mw moxom
hyfomocfnonafi fonno fak xo, kak u ho npyium hapamofpam fpoxmop-
nou poaninocfu.
Haxonnci na cnoom manonikom acfopouno, mw ownno no sany-
mwnaomcn, kak Ounmfoun, nan hopnnkom muposnanun. Io cpanno-
nuk c noonfnocfik cononnou cowfun u hponmofw nukoina no
nnuxyfcn cnumkom wcfpo u no yxonnf cnumkom nanoko. Ho ocnu
n noucfnuo ncfyhakf ononi hpofnxonnwo unu ononi kopofkuo npo-
monnwo pamku u ononi onimuo ckopocfu, nco hpoxnuo hpanuna,
ohucwnakmuo poaninocfi, onimo no paofakf.
5
A ocnu fak, fo nfo fohopi hpoucxonuf c nnymn namumu hyfomocfnon-
nukamu na acfopouno u cnofonom nyno, cfpomufonino mnamumucn
nancfpony Kak onu coupakfcn usmopnfi poaninocfi
Coinacno cfapou mononu cononnou, qusunockan po-
aninocfi cnufanaci nosanucumou of omymakmux oo
cyokfon, hponcfannnnaci cocfonmou, ho kpaunou mopo,
us hpocfpancfna u npomonu, c onnou cfoponw, u hocfo-
nnno cymocfnykmux mafopuaninwx fonok, nnuxymuxcn n
fom hpocfpancfno u npomonu, c npyiou
i6
.
Ckopocfi n ocnonnom usmopnnaci kak paccfonnuo, unu hpocfpan-
cfno, hokpwnaomoo mafopuaninwmu ookfamu, nonumoo na npo-
mn, sa kofopoo fo hpocfpancfno hpoonononanoci. Hikfononom
knkno mwmnonun npomn, hpocfpancfno u mafopuaninwo ookfw
konkpofnw u poaninw, a ckopocfi hponcfannnof coou acfpakuuk.
Ho cnof ncoina pachpocfpannofcn c onunakonou ckopocfik, no-
sanucumo of cponw, n kofopou on hyfomocfnyof u of wcfpofw ho-
ponnuxonun ucfonnuka usnynonun. Ofo u hpunono Ounmfouna k
houcky onoo asonwx hponhonoxonuu.
1akoo hocfpoonuo konuohuuu hpocfpancfna u npomo-
nu hponhonaiaof u konuohuuk mafopuaninwx ookfon.
H mno hponcfannnofcn, nfo konuohuun mafopuaninwx
ookfon (mafopun) nonxna hponmocfnonafi konuohuunm
npomonu u hpocfpancfna
i?
.
Coinacno Ounmfouny, namo hcuxonoiunockoo nochpunfuo u
npomonu, u hpocfpancfna cfpoufcn na hponhonoxonuu o cymocfno-
nanuu hocfonnnwx mafopuaninwx ookfon. Hnwmu cnonamu, kon-
uohuun hpocfpancfna onsana cnoum hpoucxoxnonuom namomy noc-
hpunfuk oio kak koncfpykuuu kopook, kofopwo, n cnok onoponi,
saknknonw nnyfpi npyiux kopook, a konuohuun npomonu posyni-
faf namou choconocfu nchomunafi hocnononafoninocfi mafopuani-
nwx cowfuu. Ionpasymonaof, nfo hucfomonoiunockum ocnona-
nuom nnn namux monfaninwx mononou npomonu u hpocfpancfna cfana nopa
n cymocfnonanuo nomou u ookfon.
Apucfofoni ykaswnan, nfo fo xo camwo concopnwo nochpunfun
moiyf wfi opuonfuponanw na nomu (cnynaunwo ookfw nyn-
cfna) unu na onoo nwcokuu ypononi nsaumoofnomonuu, kofopwo
on naswnan omumu ocosnanunmu. mocfo foio nfow accouuu-
ponaficn c ookfamu okpyxakmoio mupa, omuo ocosnanun nwpa-
6
xakf inyunnwo haffopnw u nsaumoofnomonun, pasnonnomwo ncomu
opianamu nyncfn. Ioxoxo, u Ounmfoun uckan inyunnwo haffopnw
no cononnou, omuo ocosnanun n boxocfnonnwx mwcnnx a-
suc nnn cnoou hucfomonoiuu.
saknknonuo Ounmfoun cnonan nwnon, nfo no mafopun, a cnof
nnnnofcn hopnunnou cponou, n kofopou nco hpoucxonuf, u ckopocfi
cnofa nnnnofcn fom camwm cnopxunakmum qakfopom, of kofopoio
sanucuf, nackoniko wcfpo pachyckaofcn unofok poaninocfu. 1o
ocfi, u nochpunfuo, u poaninocfi fo qynkuuu nokfpomainuf-
nou nopiuu, cnofa. 3namonufoo ypannonuo Ounmfouna mc
2
(nopiun panna hpousnononuk maccw na ckopocfi cnofa n knanpafo)
ho cyfu cnoou nnnnofcn yfnopxnonuom, nfo mafopun (mafopuaninwo
ookfw) honnocfik cocfonf us nokfpomainufnou nopiuu.
chomnum onoo pannoo sannnonuo Ounmfouna: Koina ... ohpo-
nononnan kapfuna oopanunaofcn no mnoiux ... copunx, foina
umonno nopos fo nosnpamonuo ona cfanonufcn yhopnnonunakmum
nomonfom nnn fux copuu, coonunnn ux, pasomonnwx camux ho
coo. H mw ynunum, nfo naionapn nousmonnocfu ckopocfu cnofa
(nonaxno, ofkyna on oosponaofcn) hocnonnuu u nnnnofcn nosanu-
cumwm of cucfom koopnunaf yhopnnonunakmum nomonfom unu
opianusykmum hpunuuhom.
Cnof honoon nono, n kofopou hnwnyf nco nanknafonu nmocfo
c nanknaomwmu cowfunmu.
Kakono xo snanonuo foio yfnopxnonun Inyunnwo nsaumoof-
nomonun moxny cowfunmu, ohpononnomwo ckopocfik cnofa,
oniman poaninocfi, nom hpocfpancfno, npomn u naxo mafopun.
Onu, n noucfnufoninocfu, nnnnkfcn acfpakuunmu, hopoxnonnwmu
ckopocfik cnofa, u nonxnw monnficn, nfow fu ofnomonun nco-
ina coxpannnuci.
Hcxonn us foio hponhonoxonun, Ounmfoun hpumon k nwnony:
hockoniky hyfomocfnonnuku na cnofonom nyno u acfopouno wnu n
pasnwx mocfax u nnuianuci ofnocufonino npyi npyia, onu hopoxu-
nyf unu n 1u xc cowfuo ho-pasnomy. H ocnu hpocfpancfno, npo-
mn u mafopun wnu honnuxnw ofnocufonino hosuuuu nanknafo-
nn, snanuf, mafopuaninwo ookfw, conopxamuocn n nux, fakxo
ynyf honnuxnwmu. 1akum opasom, nochpunfuo u usmoponuo hpo-
cfpancfna, npomonu u mafopuaninwx ookfon nnymn nanknafonn-
mu ynyf ofnunaficn us-sa foio, nfo nokfpomainufnoo hono (cnof),
ucxonnmoo of ookfa, no nocfuinof ux n onno npomn, kak fo yxo
paccmafpunanoci n cnynao c hpoxoxum na xonosnonopoxnou nacw-
hu u haccaxupom hoosna, nanknanmumu onnomomonfnwo nchwm-
ku monnuu n pasnoo npomn.
?
fom cocfouf nnpo foopuu ofnocufoninocfu Ounmfouna, ho cyfu
cnoou hocfynupykmou cnonykmoo: no foniko hponnnonun poaninocfu,
no u qopmw oo ofnocufoninw ho ofnomonuk k cucfomo koopnunaf na-
nknafonn. cfocfnonnwo sakonw napuanfnw ofnocufonino hpous-
nonino hpononxakmuxcn fpancqopmauuu koopnunaf nanknafonn u
mafopuaninwx ookfon oio nanknonun. 1akum opasom, ncannuk na
cnofonom nyno ynunon w cnoo ofpaxonuo, no nanknafoni c acfopouna
cmoxof nanknafi ncfponnoio hyfnuka no panimo, nom nyn, nofnmuu
co ckopocfik cnofa, nocfuinof oio. pomn ynof pacmupnficn, a
paccfonnuo cokpamaficn. Hononok na acfopouno ynunuf, nfo ncan-
nuk na cnofonom nyno hoponnuiaofcn na iopasno monimoo paccfonnuo sa
iopasno onoo noniuu hopuon npomonu, nom fo kaxofcn omy camomy n
cucfomo oio koopnunaf.
Cnononafonino, ocnu hyfomocfnykmuu na cnofonom nyno nochpu-
numaof con hpoxonnmum ohponononnoo paccfonnuo c ohponononnou
ckopocfik (n cnoou cucfomo koopnunaf), fo c fonku sponun nank-
nafonn na acfopouno u paccfonnuo, u npomn ynyf npyiumu. A 1cv
xc cavuv n ooux poaninocfnx ocfanofcn nsaumoofnomonuo moxny
numu, ohpononnomoo ckopocfik cnofa. Cuu1numcnnc moxny paccfon-
nuom u npomonom ncoina ynof onunakonwm nnn ooux.
Xapax1epnc1nxn npemenn, npoc1panc1na n ma1epnanunmx ouex1on
mennm1cn, pnn 1oro u1om cxopoc1u cne1a oc1ananacu noc1onnno
Ckopoc1u
cee1a
Oprannsykun
npnnunn
enxyuancn
cnc1eua
kooppnna1
Henopenxnan
cnc1eua
kooppnna1
Bpeun kaxe1cn kopoe, a npo-
c1panc1eo -6onuue. Henoeek
na cee1oeou nye nokpueae1
6onuuee npoc1panc1eo sa
uenuuee epeun n uoxe1 yen-
pe1u ceoe o1paxenne e sepka-
ne, neo6nsa1enuno npn a1ou
nepepenrancu co ckopoc1uk,
npeeuuakue ckopoc1u cee-
1a.
Bpeun kaxe1cn pnnn-
nee, a pacc1onnne -ko-
poe. Henopenxnu
na6nkpa1enu enpn1, kak
enoeek na cee1oeou
nye sa 6onee pnn1enu-
noe epeun nepepenra-
e1cn na 6onee kopo1-
koe pacc1onnne.
8
3aumcfnyn cfpafoiuk Ounmfouna o nofwpoxmopnom hpocfpancfno
c fpoxmopnou ananoiuou, mw moxom coofnocfu foopuk ofnocufoni-
nocfu c nnnonuom hopchokfunw n nusyaninom nochpunfuu mupa. 3a-
hannoonpohouckoo ospoxnonuo n xunohucu no mnoiom nnnnofcn po-
synifafom ofkpwfun hopchokfunw. cnu nw cmofpufo na onun u fof
xo ookf hon pasnwmu yinamu sponun, nam ynof kasaficn, nfo
pasmopw oio usmonnkfcn. cnu nsinnnyfi na snanuo c qponfona,
cfoponw oio cfanyf nockoniko kopono, u fo sanucuf of namoio yina
sponun. cnu na fo xo camoo snanuo hocmofpofi coky, ymonimuf-
cn oio hoponnnn nacfi.
oonapno na unnu, nononok, hponcfannnnmuu coou knunfccon-
uuk ospoxnonun, cnufan, nfo honumanuo noio-nuo unu koio-nuo
nosmoxno foniko n fom cnynao, ocnu nw ynofo cmofpofi na fof ookf,
ho kpaunou mopo, c fpox hopchokfun.
Iponcfanifo coo nnyx nohonnuxnwx nanknafonou, sacfwnmux
n fpoxmopnom hpocfpancfno. Onu nukoina no monnkf cnoou fonku
sponun. cnu onu hocmofpnf na fakou xo nohonnuxnwu ookf,
fo kaxnwu ynunuf oio ho-cnoomy, n sanucumocfu of cocfnonnou
cucfomw koopnunaf, xofn na camom nono ookf no monnofcn. cnu
hopchokfunw nanknafonou nukoina no usmonnfcn, onu nukoina no
ysnakf, nfo nnuna ookfa komy-fo hponcfannnofcn unou, ofnun-
nou of ux cocfnonnou.
Honfo hononoo hpoucxonuf u n namom nofwpoxmopnom mupo, ino
npomn nnnnofcn onnum us usmoponuu. Hsmoponuo ckopocfu cnofa n
pasnwx cucfomax koopnunaf n hpocfpancfno u no npomonu honono
nanknonuk sa ookfom c pasnwx hopchokfun. Cnof pachpocfpa-
nnofcn ncoina c onunakonou ckopocfik n cnoou cucfomo ofcnofa u
usmonufcn no onimo, nom noponnnnwu pyc, ocnu nw innnufo na
noio c pasnwx fonok sponun. io pasmop monnofcn foniko n inasax
nanknakmoio (cm. puc. na cfp. ).
Iosynifafom fakoio honumanun hpocfpancfna cfano ocosnanuo
foio, nfo 3omnn no nnnnofcn uonfpom connonnou cucfomw u Conn-
uo u npyiuo hnanofw noucfnufonino npamakfcn no cononnou. 1o-
opun ofnocufoninocfu pacmupuna fo honumanuo no onoo inyo-
koio yponnn poaninocfu. cononnan nama no saknknona n onunwu
oipomnwu konfounop, ohpononnkmuu aconkfnoo hpocfpancfno u
npomn; nof onuncfnonnou boxiou mkafynku, kofopan cnyxuna w
aconkfnou cucfomou koopnunaf nnn ncox nnnonuu no cononnou.
H, kononno, mw no moxom honaiafi, nfo ncn ocfaninan cononnan

nnuxofcn ofnocufonino nac. Hfow onfi mnoxocfno hopchokfun

u poaninocfou, nam nyxno pacmupufi cnok mononi cononnou.
pyian ananoiun nousmonnocfu ckopocfu cnofa moxof wfi nwnono-
na us cnonykmoio uccnononanun: kak w mw ynunonu fpoxmopnwu ookf
inasamu nnyxmopnwx cymocfn us hnockoio mupa Iponcfanifo na mu-
nyfy, nfo nwonno us fakux cymocfn, u nnosahno nopos nam mup hpo-
hnwnaof hyswpi. Hfo nw ynunufo
cnu nw naxonufoci nocfafonno nanoko of mocfa nfopxonun, fo
onapyxufo kpunyk nunuk, kofopan cnanana ynof pacfu, hofom ymoni-
maficn, a hofom u nonco ucnosnof. Ho ocnu hyswpi hpohnwnof hpnmo
nan namu, fo co ncox cfopon nac nnosahno sakpoof omo onoo mupokuu
kpyi, safom on nannof cxumaficn u ucnosnof.
cnu hyswpi ocfanonufcn, naninuu nanknafoni cmoxof usynufi
oio, ooufu nokpyi, hpopaficn nnyfpi u, n konuo konuon, sak-
nknufi, nfo ookf hponcfannnof coou ocooio pasmopa kpyi. cnu
hyswpi nnoni sannuiaofcn, namu nnyxmopnwo nanknafonu nno-
sahno ynunnf maiunockoo hponpamonuo kpyia: on ynof fo ynonu-
nunaficn, fo ymonimaficn. Oa ynyf yoxnonw, nfo nanknaomoo
O6ek1 kaxe1cn pnnnnuu O6ek1 kaxe1cn kopo1knu
Cnc1eua kooppnna1 1 Cnc1eua kooppnna1 2
Tpexuepnan nepcnek1nea
Ananornn 1pexmepno nepcnex1nnm
o1nocn1enuno pnyx nenopnnxnmx nanmpa1ene
iOO
nnnonuo kpyi, monnkmuu cnou pasmop ofnocufonino nux. A nos-
moxno, onu noopyfcn u no npyioio yponnn honumanun, ocosnan
hpu fom, nfo kpyi na camom nono wn cqopou, ncoina ocfakmoucn
nousmonnou onu hpocfo nunonu oo pasnwo achokfw.
Dyampu n nnocxom mnpe nonnnne1cn xax xpyr
Tpexmepnan nepcnex1nna
Qnyxmepnan nepcnex1nna
Tpexmepnan nepcnex1nna
Qnyxmepnan nepcnex1nna
Qnyxmepnme cyec1na, nanmpamne aa nyampem
iOi
Ho naxo c nnyxmopnou cucfomw koopnunaf, kofopan nnnnofcn ho-
cfonnnou, nocmofpn na yion unu mocfo hopocononun cqopou ux
hnockoio mupa, fo, nfo spumo, hponcfannnof coou kpyi, nwpaxon-
nwu mafomafunockou qopmynou 2K, ino koncfanfa, ohpononnk-
man kpyi u cqopy, K panuyc.
Ananoiunno, ocnu mw hohwfaomcn usmopufi nofwpoxmopnwu mup
mopkamu fpoxmopnoio hpocfpancfna, fo ynunum nfo-fo hoxoxoo na
nomfuku nofwpoxmopnou cqopw. ck cqopy nam no ynunofi, no
ckopocfi cnofa c honona n nnyxmopnom mupo. Ona naof nam
knknonyk unqopmauuk, nooxonumyk nnn hocfpoonun nofwpoxmop-
nou poaninocfu, kofopyk mw hwfaomcn nochpunnfi. ufoio, xofn
hpupona poaninocfu u ofnocufonina nnn kaxnoio nononoka, nu po-
aninocfi, nu oo nochpunfuo namu, no hpousnoninw. chomnum nco
fox xo hyfomocfnykmux n hpocfpancfno naosnnuka na cnofonom nyno
u hyfnuka na acfopouno. Oa onu ho-pasnomy nochpunumanu cko-
pocfi u paccfonnun, hpoonononaomwo hpu hoponnuxonunx, onnako
ciopocmi coemu ocfananaci nnn ooux o0unuiooou. 1akum opasom,
nno pasnwo cucfomw ofcnofa coonununuci no hpocfpancfnom u
npomonom, no ofnomonunmu, ohpononnomwmu ckopocfik cnofa.
nn Ounmfouna poaninocfi ohpononnofcn no usopaxonuom, a
cnofom, oio poxnakmum.
Ounmfoun nopun, nfo ckopocfi pachpocfpanonun cnofa ho co-
nonnou u ocfi camwu aconkfnwu u konkpofnwu opianusykmuu
hpunuuh. H nsaumoofnomonun, ohpononnomwo ckopocfik cnofa,
onoo poaninw u hocfonnnw, nom noucfnufoninwo qusunockuo us-
moponun unu nwpaxonuo cowfuu no npomonu u hpocfpancfno fo
ocfi, fo nsaumoofnomonuo onoo hocfonnno u poanino, nom mafo-
puaninwo ookfw.
eyxuepnan nepcnek1nea
(uanu kpyr)
eyxuepnan nepcnek1nea
(6onuuo kpyr)
Tpexuepnan cqepa
iO2
Hcaak Hikfon ohucan nco hpuponnwo nnnonun kak cowfun, hpo-
ucxonnmuo n aconkfnom hpocfpancfno u npomonu.
Ounmfoun ohucan npomn u hpocfpancfno kak cowfun, hpouc-
xonnmuo n hpononax cnofa.
C1pa1crnx, c1uxmax ia 1cupnc u1nucn1cntnuc1n
1oopun ofnocufoninocfu onun us ocnonnwx nknanon Ounmfou-
na n pasnufuo nonononocfna. Ona unfopocna u napykma cama ho coo,
no conopxanuo oo no camoo naxnoo n fom uccnononanuu. Hac
hpunnokaof cfonmuu sa nou mwcnufoninwu hpouocc.
Qnyxyponnenan maxpoc1pa1ernn Onm1ena
oiko ho-pasnomy ynunofi mnoio yponnou n makpocfpafoiuu mwc-
nufoninoio hpouocca, nonymoio k foopuu ofnocufoninocfu. usy-
aninwo u kunocfofunockuo omymonun nnyx nanknafonou co cnofo-
noio nyna u acfopouna, hpoxoxoio u haccaxupa hoosna unu fpam-
nan, nco fo nomonfw, nonnononnwo n komunafopnyk uipy.
ochpunfun kak nnuxymuxcn, fak u nohonnuxnwx nanknafonou
usmonnunw u ofnocufoninw. C onoo nwcokoio yponnn nusyanino-
io osopa nsaumoofnomonun moxny fumu nomonfamu cfauninw
Eonuuan kap1nna", kooppnnnpykuan
n coepnnnkuan eoeneennue e kou-
6nna1opnyk nrpy aneuen1u-Teopnn
o1nocn1enunoc1n
Kou6nna1opnan nrpa" c ensyanunu-
un n knnec1e1necknun aneuen1aun
co unoxec1eou nepcnek1ne
iOJ
u nocfafonno xopomo ohponononw nnn coonunonun c noiunockou, nop-
aninou u mafomafunockou mononnmu.
Hfow usopasufi con na nyno cnofa na yponno mukpocfpafoiuu,
nyxon ononi ofnunakmuucn of mafomafunockux cumnonon fuh mwm-
nonun. noucfnufoninocfu Ounmfoun no usopofan ypannonun nnn
ohucanun poaninocfu, on uchonisonan yxo cymocfnykmuu n ona-
cfu nucfou mafomafuku nswk ypannonuo nnn nwpaxonun nunonnoio
u omymaomoio n cnoom noopaxonuu.
nn foio nfow hpunymwnafi opasw, hononwo unmfounonc-
kum, no fpoykfcn ycunonnwo sannfun qusukou. Hyxno numi
xunoo, akfunnoo noopaxonuo, opianusykmoo u oonunnkmoo
ohwfw n ocoyk cfpafoiuk. kou honpocfok (a umonno honpocf-
kom wn Ounmfoun, koina nosnuk hopnwu opas) unu naxo poo-
nok, nukoina no usynanmuu qusuky, moxof hpunymafi hononoo.
nn Ounmfouna fakoo nusyaninoo qanfasuponanuo wno cymocfnon-
nwm nomonfom nayku. Ofo hosnonnof nam ohopuponafi na fakom
yponno nochpunfun, ino nosmoxon cunfos u oonunonuo konuoh-
uuu unu cucfom, kaxymuxcn hpofunohonoxnwmu unu anfaionuc-
funockumu. Ha fom yponno occosnafonino unonfuquuupykfcn
hofonuuanino oipanununakmuo honoxonun.
Ounmfoun pasnun cfpafoiuk nnn ohponononun asonwx hponho-
noxonuu cfpafoiuk nwsona, a safom cunfosa hopchokfun, kaxy-
muxcn konqnukfnwmu. Ycfanonnonuo nofwpoxmopnou npocmpun-
cmoenno-ope+ennou nepu:pionou cpe0i moxny nnuxymumcn u
nohonnuxnwm nanknafonnmu nonukonohnwu fomy hpumop.
co ocnonnwo ofkpwfun Ounmfouna qakfunocku poxnonw oio
choconocfik hokasafi nsaumocnnsi moxny nnymn cucfomamu, kaxy-
mumucn nocohocfanumwmu:
a) Ofa nsaumocnnsi pasnunnwx cucfom wna ocnonou
snamonufoio ypannonun Ounmfouna mc
2
, ycfanannu-
nakmoio nsaumoofnomonuo moxny +umepueu (nohonnux-
nou u fnopnou) u :nepeueu (ncoina usmonnkmoucn u hon-
nuxnou). Ounmfoun cnufan, nfo mafopun n noucfnufoni-
nocfu hponcfannnof coou qopmy nopiuu, a nopiun, n
cnok onoponi, nnnnofcn qopmou mafopuu. Hx nsaumoof-
nomonuo nwpaxono nwmohpunononnwm ypannonuom, ino
nopiun, m macca, c ckopocfi cnofa.
) Ounmfoun honynun Hoononckyk hpomuk sa fo, nfo
hponomoncfpuponan cnonykmoo: cnof onanaof cnoucfna-
mu kak uucmuui (nohonnuxnou u fnopnou), fak u oo:ni
iO4
Baanmoo1nomennn mexpy ma1epne n aneprne
(hocfonnno monnkmoucn u honnuxnou). On honaian, nfo
nacfuuw nnnnkfcn hakofamu nonn (unu knanfamu).
Cxafwo (ckonnoncuponannwo) n fu hakofw, nonnw
hpuopofakf cnoucfna nacfuu. Ofu honoxonun cocfannn-
kf ocnony iounmooou meopuu n qusuko.
n) usyanusauuu Ounmfouna, ofnocnmuocn k cqopu-
nockou ioomofpuu (nnyxmopnwo cymocfna n hnockom mupo
u oio nofwpoxmopnwo fonu), hokasanu nsaumoofnomonuo
moxny mpex+epnou (fnopnou) u uemipex+epnou (usmonnk-
moucn) cucfomamu.
Hnouapu
ckopoc1n cee1a
c
2
Oneprnn E
Ma1epnn M
1-n noannn
(V
i
K
e
}
1. Henopenxnu
na6nkpa1enu
2. Ma1epnn
3. Hac1nua
4. Tpexuepnoc1u
5. Cencopnu
onu1
2-n noannn
(V
i
K
e
}
1. enxyuncn
na6nkpa1enu
2. Oneprnn
3. Bonna
4. He1upexuep-
noc1u
5. RornkaJMa1e-
ua1nka
Hn1erpaunn 1-
n 2- nosnun
3-n Doannn
(V
i
K
i
}
1. Teopnn o1nocn-
1enunoc1n
2. E = mc
2
3. Kean1oean 1eo-
pnn
4. Heaeknnpoea
reoue1pnn
5. Bnsyannsnpyk-
une cnueonu
Ramx (A
d
}
Bep6anunue n
ua1eua1neckne
onncannn
Dpoecc nn1erpann xaxynxcn neconmec1nmmmn nepcnex1nn
iO5
i) io mwcnufoninwu kchopumonf c nononokom n nuq-
fo, nnokomom n kocmunockom hpocfpancfno, oonunun kon-
uohuuu ipanufauuonnou u unopuuonnou maccw.
Mw nunum, nfo y ncox ofkpwfuu noxoun cmpyimypu. 3a numu cfo-
uf asonan mwcnufoninan cfpafoiun. Ona nknknaof n con unfoipauuk
na nwcmom yponno nnyx qynnamonfanino pasnunnwx hopchokfun, noh-
nomakmyk yxo usnocfnoo nam nwckaswnanuo Ounmfouna: Hume +im-
:enue co:0uem npo:e+i, iomopie nu mo+ e cu+o+ +ic:ume:ino+ ypoone
ne pemumi.
Hfak, cfpafoiun nauonona na houck chocoa mwmnonun, ofnunak-
moiocn of foio, nfo cosnan cymocfnykmyk hponomy. Hfoi namoio
nonioio hyfomocfnun ho foopuu ofnocufoninocfu saknknaofcn n cno-
nykmux maiax, packpwnakmux hpouocc, naionapn kofopomy Ounm-
foun ohpononnn asonwo honoxonun, accouuupykmuocn c hpocfpan-
cfnom, onnonpomonnocfik, npomonom u f.n. u pocan um nwson:
i. Ounmfoun nanunaof c hapanokca, kofopwu nnnnofcn
nocfafonno nooncnumwm u noyhpannnomwm c fonku spo-
nun cymocfnykmux mononou (nahpumop, nunomma nochpun-
fun nononokom, naxonnmumcn na cnofonom nyno, u nank-
nafonom na acfopouno). Hnwmu cnonamu, ynonwu naxonuf
mocfo, ino n conpomonnou mononu nco cnumkom hpocfo.
2. Ohpononnofcn conpomonnan mononi hponomw u naxo-
nnfcn nopaninwo fopmunw, cfonmuo sa konuohuunmu,
ownno no honnopiakmuocn comnonuk, u hocno foio sana-
ofcn nohpoc n hpofunonoc nacfnm yfnopxnonunm, kofopwo
hponcfannnkfcn camwmu noswnomwmu. Hahpumop: a)
uoni qusunockou moxanuku ohucanuo foio, kak fona us-
monnkf cnoo honoxonuo n hpocfpancfno c fononuom npomo-
nu. Ho noncno, nfo honpasymonaofcn n fom yfnopxnonuu
hon honoxonuom u hpocfpancfnom; ) ocfi nu kakou-
nuo cmwcn n yfnopxnonuu nno monnuu cnopknynu onnonpo-
monno; n) nfo mw umoom n nuny, ookfunno ucfonkonw-
nan honnfuo npomonu
J. Ounmfoun cosnaof pnn hpocfwx cumnonon unu mofa-
qopunockux opason, hponcfannnkmux fy konuohuuk,
nahpumop: a) hoosn, nnuxymuucn ofnocufonino nacwhu;
) ynap monnuu ho ponicam; fpamnau, mnamuucn co ckopoc-
fik cnofa.
iO6
4. Ounmfoun hwfaofcn cmononuponafi c homomik cnoux
noopaxaomwx koncfpykuuu nokofopwo nsaumonoucfnun, co-
ofnocnmuocn c hponomou, u nocfafonno ncno ynunofi,
kak qynkuuonupyof konuohuun. ocfuiaofcn fo fom, nfo
Ounmfoun moxof, mwcnonno hoconunmuci n noopaxao-
mom cuonapuu, hocmofpofi na konuohuuk c hopchokfun: a)
haccaxupa hoosna u hpoxoxoio, nanknakmoio sa hanonu-
om kamnn; ) mofooponoia, hwfakmoiocn usmopufi onno-
npomonnocfi nchwmok monnuu; n) haccaxupa fpamnan, na-
nknakmoio sa nacamu na amno, ynocnci of nux co ckopo-
cfik cnofa.
5. bnaionapn komunafopnou uipo opason u omymo-
nuu, Ounmfoun naxonuf ynsnumoo mocfo konuohuuu.
Hahpumop: a) nom nnnnofcn nacfonman fpaokfopun hanonun
kamnn hpnmou unu hapaonou; ) c onunakonou nu cko-
pocfik nonofaof cnof of A no M u of 8 no M, naionapn
kofopomy nanknafoni n fonko M nunuf nchwmku monnuu
n) nunuf nu haccaxup fpamnan usopaxonuo nacon c ocfa-
nonunmumcn npomonom
6. Ounmfoun qopmynupyof nonwo honoxonun, ocnonan-
nwo na komunafopnou uipo c noopaxaomwmu koncfpykuu-
nmu: a) nosanucumoo hpocfpancfno samonnofcn honoxonuom
o osipanunnom nucno hpocfpancfn, nnuxymuxcn ofnocu-
fonino npyi npyia; ) honnfuo onnonpomonnocfu samonn-
ofcn cnonykmum yfnopxnonuom: nnnonun, nanknaomwo
onnonpomonno u c xonosnonopoxnou nacwhu, u c hoosna no
nunnfcn onunakonwmu; n) honoxonuo o aconkfnom npo-
monu samonnofcn honnfuom counac n hpocfpancfnonno
hpofnxonnom mupo u fopnof cnoo ookfunnoo snanonuo.
?. Ohupanci yxo na nonwo honoxonun, Ounmfoun na-
xonuf nsaumoofnomonun, ocfakmuocn nousmonnwmu nnn
ncox hopchokfun komunafopnou uipw: a) nnuxonuo u
fpaokfopun nochpunumakfcn ofnocufonino ocooio opu-
onfupa; ) y kaxnoio ofnocufoninoio fona cnoo ocooo npo-
mn; n) hpocfpancfno u npomn nonxnw paccmafpunaficn kak
nofwpoxmopnan nohpopwnnan cpona, ookfunno no ohpono-
nnoman.
8. 3anopmakmuu fah: Ounmfoun nopanino qopmynu-
pyof nonyk konuohuuk, ocnonannyk na nonwx honoxonu-
nx, nfow nco wno makcumanino hpocfo: a) mw hon-
iO?
nocfik ucknknaom cmyfnoo cnono hpocfpancfno... u samo-
nnom oio na nnuxonuo ofnocufonino hpakfunocku nohon-
nuxnoio fona ofcnofa; ) hoka no naunono fono ofcnofa,
c kofopwm coofnocufcn sannnonuo o npomonu, nof cmwcna
ionopufi o npcvcnn kak o cowfuu; n) hponcfannnofcn o-
noo ocfocfnonnwm pasmwmnnfi o qusunockou poaninocfu kak
o nofwpoxmopnom cymocfnonanuu, nom o nonkuuu fpox-
mopnou xusnu.
Hfak, ononunno, nfo nohpoc k onnou cocfannou konuohuuu c
nooxonumocfik nnonof sa coou nohpocw k ocfaninwm. Hccnono-
nanuo Ounmfounom nnuxonun sacfanuno oio honnopinyfi comno-
nuk fakuo honnfun, kak hpocfpancfno u onnonpomonnocfi.
Ofkpwfuo ofnocufoninocfu sacfanuno hopocmofpofi hpunwnnwu
nsinnn na ookfunnwo cowfun.
Ofkpwfun Ounmfounom nocoofnofcfnuu n ookfunnocfu hpu-
nonu k comnonunm o hpupono npomonu u, n konuo konuon, o hpu-
pono mafopuaninwx ookfon u camou mafopuu .
Kunucuunx 8unu Onm1cna
nuxonuo
Ipocfpancfno
Onnonpomonnocfi
Ookfunnwo cowfun
pomn
Ho cymocfnyof aconkfnoio nnuxo-
nun, a foniko nnuxonuo ofnocufoni-
no npyiux ookfon n hpocfpancfno.
Hof aconkfnoio hpocfpancfna, ocfi
ockononnoo nucno hpocfpancfn, nnu-
xymuxcn ofnocufonino npyi npyia.
Hof aconkfnou onnonpomonnocfu,
ona cymocfnyof foniko ofnocufonino
hosuuuu nanknafonn.
Ho cymocfnyof aconkfno ookfun-
nwx cowfuu, ocfi ux nochpunfuo,
coofnocnmoocn c nochpunfunmu npy-
iux.
Hof aconkfnoio npomonu, y kaxno-
io ofnocufoninoio fona cnoo ocooo
npomn.
Mafopuaninwo ookfw
Ounmfoun sananan nohpoc: honomy nooxonumo chycfufi c onum-
huuckux nwcof Inafona qynnamonfaninwo unou ocfocfnonnou na-
yku u hohwfaficn hpuofkpwfi ux somnyk ponocnonnyk
Ofnof: nnn foio, nfow ocnoonufi fu unou of hpuknoonnoio k
num fay u fom camwm nocfuni onimou cnoonw n qopmuponanuu
unou unu konuohuuu...
hponwnymux hapaipaqax mw hohwfanuci ohucafi, kak honn-
fun hpocfpancfna, npomonu u cowfun hcuxonoiunocku nsaumonou-
cfnykf c poaninwmu xusnonnwmu ohwfamu. Iaccmofponnwo noiu-
nocku, onu hponcfannnkf coou cnoonnwo cosnanun nonononockoio
pasyma, opynun mwcnu, uonik kofopwx nnnnofcn coonunonuo ohw-
fon npyi c npyiom. Iohwfka ocosnafi mhupunockuo ucfonnuku fux
qynnamonfaninwx konuohuuu hokaswnaof, no kakou cfohonu n nou-
cfnufoninocfu mw oipanunonw nannwmu konuohuunmu. Ha fom
hyfu mw nanunaom ocosnanafi cnok cnoony, kofopyk ncoina noc-
fafonno fpynno uchonisonafi pasymno.
i8
Hof hocfonnnwx mafopuaninwx
ookfon, mafopun fo hponpamo-
nuo fpancqopmauun nokfpomainuf-
nou nopiuu.
iO
7. HKOTOb HCHXOOHHCKH
ACHKTb TOHH
OTHOCHTbHOCTH
hopnwo nnnonnan mupy foopun ofnocufoninocfu sanopoxuna kak
ynonwx, fak u nohpoqoccuonanon. Ocosnanuo Ounmfounom ofno-
cufoninou hpuponw poaninocfu onoo nom hpocfo onoponnoo of-
kpwfuo n qusuko. Ono opamono k namou cucfomo yoxnonuu u
hcuxonoiunockum mononnm mupa. ochpunfun u yoxnonun honnop-
xonw nnunnunm usnno, onu monnkfcn u hofomy ofnocufoninw. O
fom, ho-nunumomy, u ionopuf Ounmfoun, ykaswnan na ofnocufoni-
nwu xapakfop nochpunfun:
cnu ofnocufoninocfi ynof hpusnana, fo nomuw na-
sonyf monn nomuom, mnonw xufonom Hnouuu, a qpan-
uysw nonukum ynonwm.
Ho ocnu ynof nokasana oo nococfonfoninocfi, qpan-
uysw nasonyf monn mnonom, mnonw nomuom, a nomuw
onpoom.
Ofnoninoo honononuo unu cowfuo moxof wfi nochpunnfo u
unfophpofuponano ho-pasnomy, n sanucumocfu of foio, ofkyna u kom
ono nochpunumaofcn. Ha namo honononuo no mnoiom nnunof u oh-
pononnof oio fof qakf, kak mw nochpunumaom con ho ofnomonuk
k npyium, hpunom mw ouonunaom fo co cnoou fonku sponun u c
hpofunohonoxnou noopaxaomou. nuxymuucn u nohonnuxnwu
nanknafonu Ounmfouna knaccunockuu hpumop hpofunohonox-
nwx fonok sponun.
akfunocku honfu n kaxnou onacfu nayku u qunocoquu cymo-
cfnyof hononwu nyanusm. of nockoniko hpumopon:
Hcpnax uuinunx 81upax uuinunx
Hohonnuxnwu nanknafoni nuxymuucn
Mafopun Onopiun
iiO
Hacfuua onna
1poxmopnoo Hofwpoxmopnoo
Cymocfnykmoo snanuo oopaxonuo
Cfauninwu (fnopnwu) Hsmonnkmuucn (honnuxnwu)
Ofknononuo ymonimakmoocn Ofknononuo ynonununakmoocn
Inofi yx
1ono Iasym
Oio (hpunuuh poaninocfu) Hn (hpunuuh nacnaxnonun yno-
nonicfnun)
onoo honymapuo Ipanoo honymapuo
uiufaninoo Ananoionoo
Cfapoo Honoo
Ionufoni Ioonok
Kpufuk Monfafoni
Iononwu qynnamonfaninwu haffopn moxof hononafi nam mno-
ioo kak o nafypo u nonponoiuu nanknafonou, cofnopunmux umon-
no fu mononu mupa, fak u o noucfnufoninou hpupono camoio mupa.
Ofo coofnocufcn c fom, nfo Apucfofoni naswnan qopmaninwmu
hpununamu. nn foio nfow noucfnonafi n fom mupo (yni fo osna
na nonocuhono, pomonuo mafomafunockux ypannonuu unu cosnanuo
afomnou omw), nonononockuo cymocfna nonxnw poaiuponafi na
kapfw mupa, cofnoponnwo ux nopnnou cucfomou u xpannmuocn n
nou. 1akum opasom, camwmu qqokfunnwmu nnnnkfcn mononu,
nauonoo ocfocfnonno ofpaxakmuo cfpykfypy nopnnou cucfomw.
Ionymaufo nan fou qpasou, ananusupyn foopuk ofnocufoninocfu:
moxof wfi, ona nnnnofcn mofaqopunockum chocoom ohucanun
foio, kak qynkuuonupyof no foniko nama nopnnan cucfoma. no u
noci mup HI nno hopchokfunw Ounmfouna (cnofonou nyn u
acfopoun) coofnocnfcn c nnymn qynnamonfaninwmu hosuuunmu noc-
hpunfun nepoou u omopou (onosiop u Ipunnop, i8?). C
hopnou hosuuuu mw nunum, cnwmum u nyncfnyom ofnoninoo nn-
nonuo co cnoou cocfnonnou hopchokfunw. Co nfopou hosuuuu
mw nunum, cnwmum u omymaom fo xo camoo cowfuo (u con ca-
mux, n fom nucno) c hopchokfunw npyioio nononoka. Ononunno, nfo
oo fu hosuuuu moiyf fakxo wfi hpofunocfonmumu fonkamu spo-
nun. Iononoo nunonuo cowfun hosnonnof honynufi oio fak nasw-
naomoo 0oounoe onucunue. 1akum opasom, ono naof naxnyk un-
qopmauuk, kofopan moina wfi yfopnna, ocnu w cowfuo ouonu-
nanoci foniko c onnou hopchokfunw.
iii
Mw nochpunumaom inyuny, nahpumop, hofomy nfo namu nna
inasa ofmonakf honfu noynonumyk pasnuuy n usopaxonuu. 1ak xo,
kak mw nwnocum hponhonoxonuo o onnonpomonnocfu hpoucxonn-
mux cowfuu, no ocosnanan, nfo fo nna pasnwx opasa, qukcupy-
omwx namumu inasamu, mw nochpunumaom foniko onun ookf.
nn foio nfow honnfi u safom ohucafi nsaumoofnomonuo fux
nnyx hopchokfun, nam nano onyfuficn one ux, cmocfuficn na ypo-
noni, naswnaomwu mpemieu no:uuueu unu +emuno:uuueu hop-
chokfunou, naxonnmoucn nan hopnou u nfopou hosuuunmu.
Hmonno c fpofiou hosuuuu nosmoxno noucfnufonino hpucfyhafi k
pomonuk konqnukfon u k unfoipauuu hpofunohonoxnwx mnonuu.
Hmonno c fou hosuuuu Ounmfoun cmoi ynunofi, nfo nochpunfun
nnuxymoiocn u nohonnuxnoio nanknafonn wnu na camom nono
hponnnonuom onnux u fox xo nsaumoofnomonuu ohpononnomwx
ckopocfik cnofa.
cnu hocmofpofi na nunommy, kofopan hpunona k cosnanuk foo-
puu ofnocufoninocfu, kak na mofaqopy nnn hopoxona Ounmfouna n
sponocfi (omy uchonnunoci foina nnanuafi mocfi), fo ofkpokfcn
nokofopwo naxnwo hcuxonoiunockuo momonfw oio foopuu. Iomnu-
fo, nhopnwo nan hapanokcom pasnunnoio nochpunfun nnuxymoiocn
u nohonnuxnoio nanknafonn Ounmfoun sanymancn n mocfnanuafi
n nospacfo, n koina onimuncfno nknou nanunakf ocosnanafi u
yfnopxnafi con kak nunnocfi. A mofaqopunockuu cmwcn paccmaf-
punanun con n sopkano Onnou us unfophpofauuu pasmwmnonuu
Ounmfouna-knomu moino w wfi cnonykmoo: ocnu, nanan monnfi-
cn, nw hpuoiaofo k cnoomy noopaxonuk, fo nanunaofo nymafi
unano, nom npyiuo; no ynaofcn nu hpu fom ynopxafi cocfnonnoo
ofpaxonuo n sopkano
Iononoo moino hpousoufu u c yxo usnocfnwmu nam hyfomo-
cfnonnukamu. 1ak, nononok na acfopouno moi sannufi: cnu nw
nannofo nymafi ho-npyiomy, fo hofopnofo cnok unnununyaninocfi.
H nopon coo, a nof nw puckyofo con hofopnfi. Ofo ohacno. Yx
nynmo ocfanifo fo. Cou nanknafoni c manonikoio acfopouna
nymaof, nfo nokfo, nofnmuu na cnofonom nyno, numi hnon oio qan-
fasuu, con nanny. 1ak nu fo Hnu hpocfo nunnocfi c acfopouna
fak oipanunona n cnoux paccyxnonunx u xunof n fakom kpoxofnom
mupko, nfo no n cocfonnuu hpunnfi nou-nuo omo nsinnn na mup
osmoxno, on cnufaof, nfo ncn cononnan cocponofonunaci nokpyi
oio manonikoio acfopouna oospumou nnn noio nacfu muposnanin.
ii2
Hohonnuxnwu nanknafoni onuuofnopnof fpanuuuonnyk poani-
nocfi cfauninyk ycfoununyk koncfpykuuk nohonnuxnwo
ookfw, ohponononnwo mopku, noiunocku coofnoconnwo c nunou-
nwm npomonom. nuxymuucn nanknafoni fo fnopnockoo noo-
paxonuo, iukan poaninocfi, cnoonnoo mwmnonuo u usmononuo.
Kaxnoo us ocfaninwx inannwx ofkpwfuu Ounmfouna (nco onu
wnu ohynukonanw nnanuafumocfunofnum ynonwm n iO5 iony)
nknknaof n con unfoipauuk hononwx cfpykfyp mafopuu u nop-
iuu, nacfuu u nonn u f.n. Ononunno, nfo fu ofkpwfun usmonnnu
hponcfannonun o okpyxakmom mupo, no no camy poaninocfi. os-
moxno, cunfosuponannwu Ounmfounom nyanusm hpofunohonoxnwx
fonok sponun hponcfannnn coou cunfos no foniko n qusuko, no u
n nunnocfu camoio ynonoio. Hcno c camoio nanana, nfo hyfomo-
cfnonnukom n monnkmoucn poaninocfu cnofonom nyno wn on
cam. Huixc Onm1cn uu1ancx upnvnpn1t nuny 1u4ky ipcnnx c
1panununnuvn nucupnx1nxvn pcantnuc1n.
fom cnofo foopun ofnocufoninocfu nunufcn kak asonan mo-
faqopa usmononun nnyfpu cucfomw, a cfpafoiun, cfonman sa nou,
fo oman cfpafoiun pomonun hponom, nosnukakmux n monnkmux-
cn cucfomax cohpofunnonun. Ionfu n kaxnou usmonnkmoucn
cufyauuuomocfnonnou unu nunnou cymocfnyof konqnukf mox-
ny (i) nacfik cucfomw, cfpomnmoucn usmonnficn, hponcfannnkmou
usmononun, nopnmou n ux ocymocfnnonuo u (2) nacfik cucfomw,
kofopan yoxnona, nfo usmononun nnnnkfcn nonyxnwm, inyhwm
puckom, fo noomo nonosmoxno. Ofa nacfi cfoponnuua panoo
cqopmuponannou, onoo oipanunonnou, no fakou snakomou u cfa-
uninou mononu mupa.
Hacfi, kofopan xonof usmonnficn, hoxoxa na nnuxymoiocn, a
nacfi, kofopan no nopuf, nfo fo nosmoxno, unu xonof ocfaficn
nousmonnou, na nohonnuxnoio nanknafonn. H konqnukf mox-
ny numu moxof wfi nocima xocfkum u oipanununakmum. Konuoh-
uun pouna o usnonnom konqnukfo moxny io c oio cfauninwm,
no poipoccunnwm hpunuuhom poaninocfu u un, nnuxumwm
hpunuuhom nacnaxnonun, ynunufonino cxoxa c hpofunocfonnuom
nnyx fonok sponun n foopuu Ounmfouna.
Iaccmafpunaomwu kak mofaqopa usmononun nohpoc, nunuf nu
nnuxymuucn nanknafoni cnoo ofpaxonuo n sopkano, hponcfannn-
ofcn n unfopocnom pakypco. Ianoo n yxo hponhonoxun, nfo fakoo
ofpaxonuo moxno paccmafpunafi kak cocfnonnoo nunnocfnoo cno-
oopasuo (nochpunfuo namu cocfnonnou nunnocfu). Hohonnuxnwu
iiJ
nanknafoni hopnonananino yoxnon, nfo nofnmuu na cnofonom nyno
no ynunuf cnooio ofpaxonun: usmonunmuci, on moxof hofopnfi cnok
unnununyaninocfi. A hyfomocfnonnuk na cnofonom nyno n fo npo-
mn cnufaof, nfo nco unof hpokpacno u oio mup qynkuuonupyof nop-
manino.
Hfow paspomufi nannyk hponomy, Ounmfouny cnanana nano
wno nocfafonno xopomo ynunofi cononnyk c kaxnou fonku spo-
nun u yonuficn n fom, nfo onu no anfaionucfunnw. Mnoiuo nknu
hpunopxunakfcn cnanana foniko onnou fonku sponun, unu yoxnonw
n fom, nfo npyiuo fonku sponun hpnmo hpofunohonoxnw u nohpu-
mupumw.
Ipu paofo nan usmononuom cucfom muponochpunfun nknou,
moxno uchonisonafi mnoiuo nomonfw us cfpafoiuu Ounmfouna nnn
foio, nfow: i) homoni nknnm honnocfik hpusnafi u hopoxufi nco
ymocfnwo n ohponononnou cufyauuu mnonun; 2) naufu kakuo-nuo
oipanununakmuo yoxnonun unu honcosnafoninwo hponhonoxonun,
honnopxunakmuo anfaionusm moxny konkypupykmumu fonkamu
sponun; J) uccnononafi u ochopufi hponhonoxonun, ynopxunakmuo
oipanunonun u fom camwm hopoufu na npyiou ypononi mwmnonun.
Iacckaxy o onnom hpumopo, kacakmomcn honononun nononoka.
Onnaxnw monn hpuinacunu homoni xonmuno, naxonunmoucn n ononi
inyokom kpusuco. o pak foniko nfo pachancn, u n posynifafo ona
wna fak honannona, nfo nanana nymafi o camoyuucfno. Ona wna
moncocfpou u onnaxnw n cocfonnuu fnxonoumou nohpoccuu hpunocna
nomou us oninuuw, ino paofana, nn u coupanaci ofpanufi con
u cnoux fpoux nofou. K cnacfik, ona no poanusonana fof hnan u
opafunaci sa homomik. Ionoxonuo nnno wno ofnannnwm.
2onmuna hpumna ko mno u ckasana:
Cnonaufo nfo-nuyni, nfo yionno, foniko w fo hpokpafu-
noci. H foio onimo no nwnocy.
Moou hopnou poakuuou wnu cnona:
Xopomo, ocnu nw xofufo nwufu us foio noiafunnoio cocfon-
nun, nanaufo nchomnum nfo-nuyni honoxufoninwo, oonpnkmoo.
w moxofo nchomnufi nfo-nuyni hosufunnoo us cnooio hpomnoio
Hof, ofnonana ona. co mou nochomunanun nypnwo u o-
nosnonnwo.
Iopnou moou mwcnik wno: Hy u ny! Hfo xo mno nonafi nani-
mo Hunoio honoxufoninoio! bpocun nwson cocfnonnwm cfopoo-
fuham, n pomun houfu n npyiom nahpannonuu:
ii4
Xopomo, ocnu y nac nof fakux nochomunanuu n hpomnom, mw
nfo-nuyni hpunymaom. Mw cosnanum ux n namom ynymom. Ocnon-
nou nohpoc n fom, nfo nw no n cocfonnuu nwnocufi ofpuuafoninwo
mouuu, kofopwo oyponakf nac counac, hofomy nmocfo opamo-
nun k hpomnomy nanaufo opafumcn n ynymoo u cosnanum fo, nfo
cfanof namum ooiamakmum ohwfom.
H hohpocun oo honnnfi inasa nnopx u opafufi nsinnn nahpano
(knkn inasnoio nocfyha nnn nusyaninoio koncfpyuponanun n mono-
nu HI) u hponcfanufi fo, nfo ona xofona w ynunofi. Ipunfno
wno nanknafi, kak nnno, spumo nanan monnficn onuk xonmu-
nw, cnunofonicfnyn o honoxufoninwx usmononunx n oo cocfonnuu.
nosahno ona ocfanonunaci u nhana n hpoxnkk nohpoccuk.
Chpamunak:
Hfo cnynunoci Cfonknynuci c nom-fo nohpunfnwm Hfo nac
ocfanonuno
Hof, nunoio.
Ho mno hokasanoci, nfo y nac honynaofcn. am wno nynmo
a.
Ionomy xo nw foina ocfanonunuci
a kak-fo cmomno honnumafi inasa fyna, nanopx. Kak-fo no-
hpunwnno.
Monn hopasuno, kak ynap monnuu: ofnannmuucn nononok, copan-
muucn nanoxufi pyku na con u cnoux nofou, sannnnnmuu, nfo cno-
naof nco nfo yionno, foniko w cfano nynmo, nnpyi ocfanannunaof-
cn, hpokpamaof nonafi umonno fo, of noio, ho oo xo cnonam, ou
cfanonufcn nynmo. H foniko hofomy, nfo cmomno honnumafi ina-
sa fyna, nanopx. Kasanoci, ona ionopuf: Hsnunufo, no n ckopoo
yik cnoux nofou, nom cofnopk nfo-fo nohpunwnnoo honnumy
inasa nanopx u yny nymafi o ynymom nnn honnnfun nyxa. Moou
uonik wno homoni fou xonmuno ocnoonuficn us safononun
cocfnonnou mononu mupa, pacmupun fy mononi.
Ipumonnn hopnwu mai cfpafoiuu Ounmfouna (onopnonnou n
hponwnymou inano), n hocfanun con na oo mocfo u honnn fof ca-
mwu hapanokc fyhuk, n kofopom ona onyfunaci: Moo hpomnoo
hofopnno, nacfonmoo nonwnocumo, ynymoo nosnakomo u nooso-
hacno. wfokakmuu us fou hopchokfunw nwnon wn cnonykmum:
cononnan nonpyxocfnonnoo mocfo. A ocnu fo fak, fo nokyna
chpnfaficn u nokyna yoxafi.
H nanan pacmupnfi cnoo cocfnonnoo nunonuo cufyauuu u nymafi
o fou nunommo n npyiom knkno no n fom, n kofopom hponoma
ii5
wna cosnana. Iopnwm maiom k pomonuk wno nwnnnonuo u hpusna-
nuo nnyx hpofunohonoxnwx fonok sponun, nfow honnunaci nosmox-
nocfi nanknafi konqnukf c fpofiou, unu mofahosuuuu. Co-
nopmonno ncno, nfo n konqnukfo ynacfnonanu nno nacfu: onna,
xonanman usmonuficn, u npyian, onnmancn ncoio nosnakomoio.
Iopnan nacfi no hoponocuna nu hpomnoo, nu nacfonmoo, a nfopan
cfpamunaci ynymoio. 2onmuna honfnopnuna, nfo fo noucfnufoni-
no nnounan cnnsi: ona onnaci foio, nfo moxof hpousoufu, ocnu
cama ona ne usmonufcn, no omo onimo onnaci foio, nfo moxof
cnynuficn, ocnu usmononuo cnopmufcn.
ynucon cnonykmomy maiy cfpafoiuu Ounmfouna, n hohpocun
xonmuny cosnafi nocnoxnwu cumnonunockuu opas kaxnou nacfu.
Hacfi, xonanmyk usmononuu, ona ynunona n opaso aonku, hwfa-
kmoucn nwpaficn us kokona, nocomnonno, kpacunou, no xpyhkou
u noxnou. fopan nacfi hponcfana mamou-nunosanpom (1upanosaypy-
com Iohc), cunnmou na nuuax. unosanp snan, nfo ckopo hoiunof,
u onncn ynymoio. Ona nyncfnonana, nfo nynmo paspymufi inosno
nmocfo c nuuamu, nom oponi nofonwmou na yxacnoo ynymoo.
H hohpocun knuonfky no fopohnci osnakomuficn c hopchokfunou,
ofkpwnakmoucn c kaxnoio usopaxonun nnuianci moxny numu, hpu-
numan n pacnof nsaumnwo coopaxonun.
nn conopmonun cnonykmoio maia nano wno opafuficn k no-
xamomy n ocnono konqnukfa honoxonuk o nonpyxocfnonnocfu
cononnou. H hohpocun xonmuny naufu hosufunnoo namoponuo,
unu uoni kaxnou oo nacfu. Ofo wn nohpoc, kofopwm ona nukoina
no sanananaci hpoxno, u oo nocima ynununa mwcni, nfo sa onik u
camum konqnukfom moxof naxonuficn nfo-nuo hosufunnoo.
Iocno noonimou homomu c moou cfoponw ona ocosnana, nfo
hosufunnwm namoponuom nacfu, xonanmou usmononuu, aonku
wn pocf. Y nunosanpa, onnmoiocn foio usmononun, hosufun-
nwm namoponuom wno nwxunanuo u samufa of onu. Hcno,
nfo fu namoponun wnu cqopmuponanw na yponno uonnocfou.
Hfow naufu nonoo hponhonoxonuo, oonunnkmoo oo konq-
nukfykmuo nacfu, n hohpocun knuonfky nwufu na ypononi muc-
cuu honymafi, kakou nwcmou uonu, nocymou naiohonynuo, ou
kak nunnocfu moinu w cnyxufi oa naunonnwx namoponun. Iopas-
mwcnun nomnoio, ona hpumna k nwnony, nfo oo nacfu cfapakfcn
homoni ou wfi ychomnwm nononokom. Ipocfo umu pykononnf
pasnwo uonnocfu. Ho fohopi, hpu ocosnanuu omou uonu nacfou,
ii6
hpofunocfonnuo no kasanoci cfoni honnpnwm, nsaumoucknknak-
mum. Iocf u nwxunanuo qakfunocku hpuoponu snanonuo nsa-
umno nooxonumwx ycnonuu. cnu nooxonumo nco-faku nwxunafi,
no samuman con, fo o pocfo ionopufi no hpuxonufcn. H ocnu no
pacfu, fo nwxufi ononi fpynno u npnn nu nosmoxno samufufi con
n monnkmuxcn ocfonfonicfnax, coinacno sakony nooxonumoio
mnoioopasun.
Ipunonn oo nacfu k coinacuk, mw hopocmofponu chouuqunoc-
kuo choconocfu, hpucymuo kaxnou us nux. baonka, cfpomn-
mancn k pocfy u usmononuk, onanana choconocfik iofonufi-
cn k ynymomy. unosanp, xonanmuu nwxufi u samufufi
con u hofomcfno, moi ouonunafi n nacfonmom hofonuuaninyk
ohacnocfi. Okasanoci, nfo fu choconocfu no ucknknakf, a
ckopoo nsaumno nohonnnkf npyi npyia. Kaxnan us nacfou moina
uchonisonafi nosmoxnocfu npyiou nnn ychomnoio nwhonnonun ux
omou muccuu. Ioniofonka k ynymomy naxnoo ycnonuo kak nnn
nwxunanun, fak u nnn pocfa. Ymonuo ouonunafi nacfonmoo no
monoo nooxonumo nnn pocfa u usmononun, nom nwxunanuo u samu-
fa. Ham ocfananoci cnonafi omo onun mai hponopufi, kakuo omo
yoxnonun n xusnonnou hpoipammo moou knuonfku nyxno hopoouo-
nufi. Iopnonananinwm kamnom hpofknononun wno nnn noo cnono
hpunwnno. H chpocun:
Kak w nw ysnanu, nfo honnumafi inasa nanopx u puconafi coo
cnofnoo ynymoo hpunwnno
Ona na cokynny homonnana u ofnofuna:
H w cnonana fo no sanymwnanci.
Ckoniko pas nam nyxno hpononafi fo, nfow noucfnuo cfano
hpunwnnwm
Ona nyfi cmyfunaci:
Ho snak.
H hohpocun xonmuny cocponofonuficn na nohpunfnom omymo-
nuu, accouuupykmomcn nnn noo c nosnakomwmu, nohpunwnnwmu
nomamu, oinnnyficn n hpomnoo u naufu cufyauuk, n kofopou nan-
noo nyncfno honnunoci nhopnwo (Apucfofoni nasnan w fo hpon-
mocfnykmumu hpununamu). nn foio, nfow nco honynunoci, n
hohpocun knuonfky qusunocku hoponocfuci na noopaxaomyk nu-
nuk npomonu, oosnanonnyk hpnmo na hony, u houfu nchnfi (kak
fo moino w wfi n nofwpoxmopnom hpocfpancfnonno-npomonnom
konfunuymo). Ocosnanno ona no moina ofnofufi, nfo sa cowfuo ho-
ii?
ponuno nohpunfnoo nyncfno, no no npomn cnooio noopaxaomoio hyfo-
mocfnun n hpomnoo (naxonnci kak w chunou k nomy) ona nanana ncho-
munafi onno cowfuo us nofcfna fak ncno, kak ynfo ono hpousomno
foniko nnopa.
Hokoina, omo poonkom, ona hponnkymana cnoo nonukonohnoo
ynymoo, naxo n nofannx napuconan oio ncnwo kapfunw. Io no sa-
nucnmum of noo hpununam noopaxaomoo ynymoo fak nukoina u no
ocymocfnunoci ona hofophona kpax. (Kak ionopuf mou konnoia
Iunapn bnnnop, nnn pasonaponanun nyxno coofnofcfnykmoo hna-
nuponanuo.) H foina xonmuna hoknnnaci, nfo onimo nukoina no
hpununuf coo fakyk oni nynmo xufi concom os nanoxnw, nom
nnoni omanyficn.
o nwnomnuu paspwn c myxom pasynun npomnkmoo c nofcfna
nochomunanuo u sacfanun honnocfik hopokpwfi ynymoo n cfpa-
xo hopon omo onoo inyokum pasonaponanuom. 1ohopi hponoma
cocfonna n fom, nfo ona no nunona noomo nukakoio ynymoio, u
fo omo onoo ycyiynnno oo nohpoccuk.
Hfak, mon knuonfka nchomnuna cowfun nanokoio nofcfna, u
n homoi ou nwcfpoufi ux no npomonnou hocnononafoninocfu. co,
nfo ona counac nchomnuna, cnynunoci ononi nanno, koina y noo
omo no wno coionnnmnux nosmoxnocfou u choconocfou. Mw
pomunu hponocfu mwcnufoninwu kchopumonf, n kofopom
xonmuna cmoina w hyfomocfnonafi cknosi npomn na cnofonom
nyno Ounmfouna u hoponocfuci n hpomnoo, yxo ynynu noopy-
xonnou snanuom u mynpocfik con coionnnmnou, nspocnou.
nacfnocfu, ona moina hoponocfu fyna omuo pocypcw cnoux nac-
fou. 1ohopi moxno wno hponcfannnfi ynymoo, iofonuficn k
nomy, ouonunan nacfonmoo. H nnosahno ofkyna-fo hpumno
honumanuo foio, nfo, onanau ona fumu choconocfnmu pani-
mo, nco moino w wfi ho-npyiomy. Iponcfanun, kak moinu w
usmonuficn camwo snanumwo cowfun oo xusnu, ona nopnynaci
us hyfomocfnun inyoko sanymanmoucn.
Iosnnoo mw ocynunu fo, u n opafun oo nnumanuo na fo, nfo
moxno nusyanusuponafi ynymoo ho-pasnomy n nuno cumnonunoc-
kux u mofaqopunockux opason, kofopwo, ho cnoomy xapakfopy o-
noo iuku, ux noino usmonnfi u fpynnoo hpunnfi sa poaninocfi.
3afom mw nwncnunu, coxpanunoci nu omo nnyfponnoo cohpofun-
nonuo, koina ona honnumaof inasa nnopx u fam hponcfannnof xonao-
moo ynymoo. Ioxoxo, cufyauun usmonunaci. Ofnunno. Iohpoyom
ii8
omo nockoniko pas u ynunum, nfo honynufcn. H hohpocun oo hoqan-
fasuponafi, hponcfannnn opasw ynymoio omo nockoniko pas. Ipu-
mopno hocno hnfou hohwfku samofno usmonuncn oo onuk (fonnoo,
qusuonoiun). Cohpofunnonuo ucnosno, cmonunmuci ynoponnocfik u
nonnonuom.
sanopmonuo kchopumonfa n hohpocun knuonfky sainnnyfi
n ynymoo u cosnafi fam cnou cocfnonnwu opas, n kofopom
oonununuci w nno cumnonunockuo kapfunku cumnonw oo
konqnukfykmux nacfou. Ona ynunona opnuuy, hapnmyk n nos-
nyxo u nofnmyk k pachonoxonnomy na camou nopmuno nopona
inosny mocfy osohacnomy, c kofopoio xopomo oosponanaci ncn
pannuna. Offyna ocfpwo inasa opnuuw noiko moinu samofufi
nkyk fanmykcn ohacnocfi u nauonoo qqokfunno honiofonufi-
cn k ynymomy.
Kak nw, nanopnoo, noiananuci, hocno fou ncfponu xonmuna
noucfnufonino nanana monnficn. nosahno n oo xusnu nco honop-
nynoci k nynmomy. A noni mw hpocfo usmonunu concom manoo, co-
snanu noonimou hpopwn. Ho n posynifafo cmocfunuci fakuo iny-
unnwo hponcfannonun o hpomnom u ynymom! Hononok ocosnan, nfo
moxof k nomy-fo hpunwknyfi. A koina fum nfo-fo okaswnaofcn
choconocfi ynunofi cnoo ynymoo, nw hponpamaofoci n nacfonmo-
io Ounmfouna.
Mno nymaofcn, mw paccmofponu xopomuu hpumop hpumononun
cfpafoiuu, ofkpwnmou foopuk ofnocufoninocfu, k pomonuk hcu-
xonoiunockux unu nonononockux hponom. Honi cfpafoiuu naufu
n kapfo mupa nononoka hponhonoxonuo, cosnakmoo noconmocfu-
mocfi oio nacfou, fonok sponun, u safom honnnficn na unou ypo-
noni mwmnonun u c fou hopchokfunw hpumupufi konqnukfykmuo
cfoponw u pomufi hponomy.
Cfpafoiun Ounmfouna, hpumonnoman nnn paspomonun konqnuk-
fa, ononi hoxoxa na ocnonnou hpouocc usmononun n HI, nasw-
naomwu poqpoumuniom. 1am mw foxo nwxonum sa ipanuuw hpo-
nomnoio honononun u naxonum cfonmoo sa num hosufunnoo
namoponuo. 1uhunnwu honxon k pomonuk konqnukfon n HI
saknknaofcn n cnonykmom: nooxonumo honnnficn na onun ypononi
nan konqnukfom u hpuufu k coinamonuk c ynofom uonnocfou nwc-
moio yponnn. fopou mai chycfuficn na onun ypononi nuxo
ananusupyomoio konqnukfa. Hmonno snoci moxno naufu nohonnu-
foninwo pocypcw, hpunannoxamuo ooum kaxymumcn konqnukfy-
kmumu nacfnm.
ii
Cornacne no o1nouennk
k nauepennk eucuero ypoenn
Ypoeenu konqnnk1a
ononnn1enunue pecypcu
nnxnero ypoenn
Pemenne nponemm na ppyrom yponne, o1nnunom o1 1oro,
rpe coapananacu nponema
paccmofponnom nwmo hpumopo y moou knuonfku wn konqnukf
na yponno ye0enuu u uennocmeu, ofnocnmuxcn k hpomnomy u y-
nymomy. Konqnukfonanu nno nacfu: onna cfpomunmancn samufufi
oo u nfopan yoxnonnan, nfo nyxno pacfu. Iohwfka pomufi hpo-
nomy na yponno mwmnonun, hoponunmom oo, hpunona k nnounomy
saxumy.
Iomonuo hpumno na yponno nunnocfnoio cnooopasun, koina
wno naunono omoo, ynonnofnopnkmoo oo nacfu hosufunnoo na-
moponuo. Coinacuo wno nocfuinyfo, u mw chycfunuci na ypo-
noni choconocfou. Ha fom yponno namnuci nohonnufoninwo nnn
kaxnou nacfu pocypcw, uchonisonannwo na omoo naio.
"Yxpynnenne" n "Paayxpynnenne" pnn noncxa pemennn xonqnnx1a
mexpy yexpennnmn n ennoc1nmn
Yponenu Dpnmep
Cornacne Rnnoc1noe Eu1u ycneuno
(noan1nnnoe namepenne} ceoeo6pasne nnnoc1uk"
Konqnnx1 Y6expennn saun1a" poc1"
Qononnn1enuno Cnoco6noc1n cnoco6noc1u cnoco6noc1u
ouennea1u ro1oen1ucn
nac1onuee" k 6ypyueuy"
i2O
Ipunuxanci k cosnanuk foopuu ofnocufoninocfu, Ounmfoun po-
cun nwson honnfuk onnonpomonnocfu koina nanknafonu, kax-
nwu co cnoou cucfomw koopnunaf, noucfnufonino nunnf onno u fo xo
cowfuo n onno u fo xo npomn. Ho fakono ownnoo honcosnafoninoo
hponhonoxonuo, nnunkmoo na nunnwo hponomw. Iasnunnwo fonku
sponun, unu yoxnonun, qopmupykfcn n pasnoo npomn xusnu. na-
mom hpumopo c xonmunou mnoiuo yoxnonun n oo mononu mupa cqop-
muponanuci n nofcfno. Iononwo yoxnonun nacfo oipanunonw n cno-
ou hopchokfuno, no kaxyfcn poanucfunnwmu, hofomy nfo onoo
hpunwnnw, n nux onimo nunnoio ohwfa u honnopxunakmux nocho-
munanuu, nom y fox, nfo qopmupykfcn hosnnoo. mocfo foio, nfow
nochpunumafi nco yoxnonun kak poxnonnwo onnomomonfno, honos-
no nwncnufi npomn ux honnnonun na cnof, coofnocfu c honxonnmou
npomonnou pamkou (c nom, nocomnonno, coinacuncn w poun). H
foina cfanonufcn nosmoxnwm hopoufu na npyiou ypononi nochpunfun
konqnukfa.
Ionnfuo o pasnunnwx yponnnx mwmnonun u cymocfnonanun nn-
nnofcn ononi naxnwm nnn ocosnanun u hpumononun cfpafoiuu Oun-
mfouna. Hahpumop, cnufaofcn, nfo ionuu mwcnnf na onoo nw-
cokom yponno, nom npyiuo nknu. cfpykfypo namoio mosia, nswka
u cucfom nochpunfun cymocfnykf ocfocfnonnwo yponnu knaccuqu-
kauuu. Hamu monfaninwo cfpafoiuu opianusonanw na pasnwx ypon-
nnx mwmnonun. Ha kaxnom nwmopachonoxonnom yponno poiucfpu-
pykfcn nsaumoofnomonun moxny cowfunmu c nuxnoio yponnn u,
coofnofcfnonno, cnonyof ohponononnan poakuun. Hsmonun nfo-nuo
na nwcmom yponno, nw nocomnonno honnunofo u na nsaumoofnomo-
nun nusmux yponnou, usmononun xo na nusmux yponnnx moiyf, no
no c fou nonou nooxonumocfu, honnunfi na nwmo pachonoxonnwo
yponnu. H nwcfpoun fu yponnu ho cnonykmou kafoiopuu:
yxunnu ouyuenue cen iui uucmu o:imeu cucme+i.
a). Kfo n cc1t ouyuenue :uunocmnoeo cooeopu:un.
). Mon cucfoma yoxnonuu u uonnocfou npe0no:o-
enun o peu:inocmu.
n). Mou choconocfu +ic:ume:inie cmpumeeuu u
+enmu:inie iupmi.
i). Hfo n nonak unu nfo cnonan ocoie nooe0enun u
0eucmoun.
n). Moo okpyxonuo onemnue oepunuuenun.
i2i
nuxymuo cunw okpyxonun ohpononnkf fo nnomnuo ho-
yxnonun, na kofopwo nononok nonxon poaiuponafi. Ofno-
nakf na nohpocw rc? u kura?
Ionononuo cocfouf us ocowx noucfnuu, conopmaomwx
n nannom okpyxonuu. Ofnonaof na nohpoc 41u?
Choconocfu nahpannnkf honononuo ho monfaninwm kap-
fam unu cfpafoiunm. Ofnonakf na nohpoc kak?
Yoxnonun u uonnocfu oochonunakf ycunonuo (mofu-
nauun u paspomonuo), honnopxunakf unu ofnopiakf choco-
nocfu. Ofnonakf na nohpoc uu4cvy?
akfopw nunnocfnoio cnooopasun ohpononnkf omoo
nunonuo unu uoni u qopmupykf yoxnonun u uonnocfu.
Ofnonakf na nohpoc k1u?
yxonnocfi fo nochpunfuo con kak nacfu iopasno
onimou cucfomw (muccun unu fpancmuccun)
Ha nuxnux yponnnx mw hponnnnom ucuuc nnu uunccnnx hon
nnunnuom nnomnux hoyxnonuu. Ofu nunw honononun, onnako,
hononw kononnomy poqnokcy, hpunwnkam unu pufyanam. Ha ypon-
no cuucunuc1c mw moxom ofupafi, usmonnfi u anahfuponafi ho-
nononuo nnn onoo omux konfokcfon. Ha yponno ycxcnn mw
moxom hoompnfi, sahpomafi unu nwpaafwnafi nonwo qopmw ho-
nononun. n4nuc1nuc cnucupainc, kononno, oxnafwnaof nck cuc-
fomy yoxnonuu. Ha nyxonnom yponno mw nochpunumaom con kak
nacfi onimou, okpyxakmou nac cucfomw: comiu, hpoqoccuonani-
noio coomocfna, xufonou hnanofw 3omnn, oufafonou cononnou.
Ofof ypononi coofnocufcn c namou nwcmou muccuou u hponnasna-
nonuom.
Hom onoo acfpakfnwm u ofcfpanonnwm of chouuqunockoio
honononun u concopnoio ohwfa cfanonufcn kaxnwu ypononi, fom
onimo on nnunof na namo honononuo.
Ha kaxnom yponno cymocfnyof cnou choco opianusauuu, ouonku,
ofopa u uchonisonanun unqopmauuu c yponnn nusnoxamoio. Onu,
fakum opasom, opasykf cofi nsaumoofnomonuu, hponcfannonnwx n
cnonykmou nuaipammo:
i22
Anfpohonoi Ipoiopu boufcon ykaswnan, nfo no mnoiux cqopax ho-
nononun u omonun nknu hyfakf u cmomunakf noiunockuo ypon-
nu, nfo cosnaof hponomw. Oipomnan pasnuua, nahpumop, mox-
ny honnfunmu nononok nwhun (ocooo honononuo) u wfi
ankoionukom (unonfunnocfi), unu umofi ohyxoni u wfi xop-
fnou paka.
Ipumopom foio, kak cmomunakfcn pasnunnwo yponnu, moxof wfi
cfynonf, no ononi ychomno chpanunmuucn c kakum-fo ksamonom. Ha
pasnunnwx yponnnx nosmoxna pasnan poakuun:
a) unnocfnoo cnooopasuo (unonfunnocfi): H fyhou, no
chocoon ynuficn.
) Yoxnonun / Honnocfu: Ynuficn fpynno u ckynno.
n) Choconocfu: H no ononi-fo xopomo cnak ksamonw.
i) Ionononuo: H hnoxo cnan fof ksamon.
n) Okpyxonuo: Hfo-fo n knacco ofnnokno monn.
Hfak, konqnukfw moiyf poxnaficn na nockonikux pasnunnwx
yponnnx. cnynao c xonmunou, nhanmou n nohpoccuk, konqnukf
nosnuk na yponno uonnocfou u yoxnonuu fo camwu pachpocfpanon-
Y6expennnJ uennoc1n PaapemenneJmo1nnann
Okpyxenne Orpannuennn
Bcenennan
Hnane1a
Hpoqeccnonanunoe
coo6uec1eo
Ceuun
yxoenu "Tpanc-mnccnn"
K1o?
Hpen1nnoc1u Mnccnn
K1o eue?
Hoeuy?
Cnoco6noc1n Hanpannenne
Kak?
Hoeepenne Qec1nnn
H1o?
lpe? Korpa?
Ce1u nornuecxnx yponne
Baanmoo1nomennn mexpy paannunmmn yponnnmn onm1a
i2J
nwu napuanf. Konqnukfw moiyf hpoucxonufi u na npyiux yponnnx.
Hahpumop, nononok n fou unu unou hponomnou cufyauuu moxof nw-
upafi moxny cnoou choconocfik hocfyhafi noiunocku unu, nahpo-
fun, unfyufunno.
Ha fom yponno konqnukf pomaofcn fak xo, kak na yponno yox-
nonuu u uonnocfou: a) honnumanci na nopxnuu ypononi u c noio
naxonn hosufunnwo namoponun unu uonu fux nnyx pasnwx chocoon
mwmnonun u ) chyckanci safom nnus u naxonn na fom yponno nsa-
umonohonnnkmuo kanocfna, hpucymuo pasnwm fuham mwmnonun.
hpofunohocfannonuu noiunockoio u unfyufunnoio mwm-
nonun omoo namoponuo na yponno uonnocfou hponcfannnof coou,
nahpumop, houck camwx qqokfunnwx pomonuu. ohonnufoni-
nwo pocypcw k fum pasnwm choconocfnm moiyf naxonuficn na
yponno honononun: posynifafom noiunockoio ocmwcnonun nnnnofcn
ofop noio-nuo n coofnofcfnuu c nunounwm hopnnkom u hocno-
nonafoninocfik. Ofof hopnnok u hocnononafoninocfi moiyf, n cnok
onoponi, cfumynuponafi unfyuuuk. Hnfyufunnoo mwmnonuo, c
npyiou cfoponw, hpousnonuf cnou ofop, nwcfpaunaof cnok knac-
cuqukauuk, opuonfupynci na snanonuo u nonunounwo nsaumoofno-
monun. Onu safom moiyf nwcfpouficn n noiunockom hopnnko. H fo,
na mou nsinnn, fa caman unfoipauun, n kofopou Ounmfoun nocfu-
ian conopmoncfna.
Pemenne xonqnnx1a na yponne Cnoconoc1e uepea
"yxpynnenne" n "paayxpynnenne"
osmoxno, camwo cnoxnwo konqnukfw nosnukakf na yponno
unonfunnocfu nunnocfnoio cnooopasun. Mnoium us nac snako-
mw hononwo hpofunocfonnun: nahpumop, wfi xopomum ponu-
Yponenu Dpnmep
Cornacne Y6expennn na1n aqqek1nenoe
(noan1nnnoe namepenne} peuenne"
Konqnnx1 Cnoco6noc1n nornka" nn1ynunn"
Qononnennn Hoeepenne Knaccnqnunpoea1u Knaccnqnunpoea1u
cornacno nopnpky cornacno snaennk
n nocnepoea1enunoc1n" n esanuoo1nouennnu"
i24
fonom u n fo xo npomn honicn o kapiopo, unu wfi cyhpyiom (cyh-
pyiou), hpu fom no ymomnnn cnoou unnununyaninocfu u f.h. Io-
xoxo, nfo foopun ofnocufoninocfu u cfpafoiun, hpunonman k nou
Ounmfouna, homoinu omy paspomufi konqnukf cocfnonnoio nyanus-
ma ynonoio u qunocoqa.
Hfow paspomufi fof konqnukf, nyxno honnnficn nan yponnom
cocfnonnou unonfunnocfu. A nnn ocymocfnnonun hononoio nou-
cfnun mw nonxnw pacmupufi cnou kapfw mupa u ocosnafi con nac-
fik oipomnou cucfomw, omyfufi cnok muccuk u hponnasnano-
nuo.
Ounmfoun hpumon k nwnony, nfo oio muccun fakona: pacmu-
pufi kpyi conyncfnun, onfi nco xunwo cymocfna u nck hpupony n
oo kpacofo. Yoxnonun, uonnocfu u choconocfu ynonoio opu-
onfuponanw na yinynonuo snanun o fom, 41u cc1t. A qunocoq
hocnnfun con uccnononanuk foio, nfo unxnu unu vurnu wfi.
Ounmfoun opafun fu nohonnufoninwo pocypcw na cnyxonuo on-
nou omou muccuu.
Hn1erpann no1ennanuno xonqnnx1ymnx uac1e
nnunoc1n na naro oe pyxonno mnccnn
Hfo fakoo nama nunnocfi Ofo uonwu okoan, a no hpocfo oufa-
kmuo n nom pasnwo pww. Hcfunnoo nunnocfnoo cnooopasuo hpon-
cfannnof coou no kakou-fo ofnoninwu opas unu cucfomy usmopo-
nun ckopoo, fo cnof, napykmuu xusni nannwm opasam u
usmoponunm.
Moxof wfi, no cnynauno n ucfopuu nonononocfna mnoiuo nonu-
kuo nknu yhononnnu cnok nunnocfi u nyx cnofy. Koina kfo-nuo
cknonnofcn foniko k hnofu unu foniko k nyxy, fony unu pa-
symy, k io unu un, nonomy unu hpanomy honymapuk, noiu-
Yponenu Dpnmep
Cornacne Mnccnn Pacnpoc1pann1u kpyr ceoero
(noan1nnnoe namepenne} coyec1enn n o6nn1u ece xneue
cyuec1ea n eck npnpopy e ee kpaco1e"
Konqnnx1 Hnpen1nnoc1u Yenu" nnocoq"
Qononnennn Y6expennn Bnanne Bnanne
Uennoc1n o 1ou, 1o ec1u" o 1ou, 1o uorno 6u 6u1u"
ko unu noopaxonuk, foniko k cfauninocfu unu foniko k usmononuk,
fo napymaofcn pannonocuo u cosnaofcn hofonuuaninwu konqnukf. Ho
ocnu ofoxnocfnnnfi nunnocfi co cnofom, fo naxnoo snanonuo hpuopo-
fakf no ofnoninwo cocfannnkmuo oo nomonfw, a nsaumoofnomonun
moxny numu. 1ak, nahpumop, nonkuun u anahfauun na unnununy-
aninom yponno nnnnkfcn qynkuunmu usmononun, a na yponno okpyxo-
nun onu hponcfannnkf hpouocc cfaunusauuu. Iasnufuo nunnocfu fpo-
yof pannonocun cun na pasnunnwx noiunockux yponnnx.
Ononunno, nfo pachponononuo nnnonuu xusnonnoio ohwfa ho co-
ofnofcfnykmum yponnnm homoxof paspomufi hponomw, hponcnufi
samomafonicfno. ymak, nfo foopun ofnocufoninocfu Ounmfouna
nohnofuna hoponon konqnukfa n qusuko c yponnn ncn1n4nuc1n na ypo-
noni ycxcnn, nnn foio nfow fam, na yponno unonfunnocfu, ofkpw-
naci onoo inyokan ucfuna. 3afom fo usmononuo pachpocfpanunoci na
onimuo u onimuo cucfomw. H noucfnufonino, choconocfi Ounm-
founa pachosnanafi pasnwo noiunockuo yponnu u n coofnofcfnuu c numu
pachpononnfi poanuu xusnu u fakum opasom pomafi hponomw, usmo-
nuna no foniko oio camoio, ona usmonuna mup.
i26
8. HHMHHH CTATHH
OHHUTHHA
Honi hpouocca mononuponanun cocfouf no n fom, nfow naufu
onuncfnonno hpanuninoo unu ucfunnoo ohucanuo nioio-nuo
mwcnufoninoio hpouocca, a ckopoo n cosnanuu kapfw, kofopan ho-
moina w hpumonufi cmononuponannwo cfpafoiuu c honisou. Ofa
kapfa (nasonom oo hpuknannou) hosnonnof nam noucfnonafi onoo
qqokfunno: oo fonnocfi u poaninocfi nnn nac monoo naxnw,
nom noianfnocfi u hpuionnocfi. Mofaqopunockan kapfa, ho-
nonan mwcnufoninwm kchopumonfam Ounmfouna, moina w wfi
cfoni xo uonnou, kak u poanucfunnan kapfa. Hahpumop, cumno-
nunockuo opasw, nosnukmuo y knuonfku, paofa c kofopou ohu-
cana n hponwnymou inano, nocnu iopasno onimo unqopmauuu o oo
nunnocfu u yoxnonunx, noxonu fonnoo qofoipaqunockoo usopa-
xonuo.
nn hpakfunockoio hpumononun mukpo-, makpo u mofacfpafo-
iuu, cmononuponannwx c ofnoninou nunnocfu, nyxno honknknufi
ux k yxo cymocfnykmum cfpykfypam. Onun us chocoon cnonafi
fo opuonfuponaficn na pasnunnwo nacfu cfpafoiuu 1O1. 1o ocfi
mw moxom nwnonufi n cfpafoiuu foniko ucnn, a nco ocfaninwo oho-
pauuu hocnyxaf nnn ux nocfuxonun. Hnu moxno cmononuponafi
uucpaunn (noucfnun nononoka) u hpumonufi ux nnn nocfuxonun yxo
unwx uonou. Moxno fakxo uchonisonafi upuucypy upuncpkn noc-
fuxonun uonu unu ofnoninwo oo nomonfw.
1akum opasom, mononupyn ionun, mw uchonisyom nuo nck
honynonnyk unqopmauuk. uo ofnoninwo oo nacfu. Hahpumop,
cmononuponannwo cfpafoiuu Ounmfouna moxno:
i) hpumonufi k pasnunnwm onacfnm (no foniko k qusuko);
2) conofafi nomonfw oio cfpafoiuu c npyiumu mofonamu u hon-
xonamu, nnn ycunonun ux noucfnun,
J) fu cfpafoiuu moiyf nnoxnonufi na conopmonno nonoo ocmwc-
nonuo kakoio-nuo cowfun unu nnnonun.
Iaccmofpum hpumononuo mwcnufoninwx kchopumonfon Oun-
mfouna k ananoiuu honcfpouka u nononuo n HI; hopoxon of
i2?
nnyxmopnoio mwmnonun k fpoxmopnomy u, nakonou, k nofwpoxmopno-
my cqopunockomy hpocfpancfny. Ipanomopon nohpoc: a kak xo hpumo-
nufi fu ohopauuu k pomonuk hponom u nocfuxonuk uonou, of-
nunnwx of fox, k kofopwm usnananino ux hpumonnn Ounmfoun
osnukaof u npyiou nohpoc: kakuo omo ohopauuu moxno nsnfi us fou
cfpafoiuu H fpofuu: kakuo omo ohopauuu moxno wno w k num noa-
nufi, nfow nknu moinu onoo qqokfunno uchonisonafi nannwo cfpa-
foiuu
8ncnnc nunux ypunnc n nivcpcnn
Iohpoyom ofnofufi na nockoniko hocfannonnwx nwmo nohpocon hpu
homomu mofaqopw nosmoxnocfu nwufu na fpofik hosuuuk, c
kofopou noino honynufi nnounoo ohucanuo u yknanino ynunofi npy-
iuo usmoponun u yponnu. fom cnynao mw umoom nono c fpox-
mopnwmu kapfunamu, cosnannwmu ho cucfomo usopaxonun, usno-
cfnou kak 1onka Canufckoio, koina fpoxmopnoo usopaxonuo
sahonafnonaofcn na nnyxmopnou honopxnocfu
i
.
H cnonan cnonykmoo usopaxonuo c homomik komhikfopa -
nuna ukmana
2
:
i28
Ipu hopnom nsinnno na kapfunky nam hokaxofcn, nfo fo numi
xaofunockoo occmwcnonnoo naipomoxnonuo fonok. Onnako, ocnu
nw cmoxofo cqokycuponafi inasa coofnofcfnykmum opasom, fo
ynunufo, nfo n npyiom usmoponuu na kapfunko moxno pasnunufi
nocima chouuqunnoo u ncnoo usopaxonuo kufauckux cumnonon
uni u nni.
nn foio nfow pasnunufi ux n kaxymomcn xaoco, nam honanoufcn
cnonafi cnonykmoo.
i. Iocmofpufo na kapfuny u paccnaifoci.
2. Cqokycupyufo inasa fak, ynfo nw cmofpufo na ka-
kou-fo nanokuu ookf, pachonoxonnwu sa kapfunkou.
1poxmopnoo usopaxonuo nannof mafopuanusonwnaficn.
J. cnu foio no hpousounof, pachonoxufo kapfunky
hpnmo hopon nocom u nanunaufo ononi monnonno ofonnu-
iafi oo of con. Ho kaxnwu cmoxof ynunofi usopaxonuo
cpasy xo, hofomy no ochokoufoci, ocnu cnanana nam
ynof fpynno. Hnoina nknu hwfakfcn hpononafi fo nnoni
u nnoni, u koina n konuo konuon onu cnakfcn, usopa-
xonuo nnosahno nosnukaof hopon numu. axno honnfi
cnonykmoo: innnn na kapfuny, nw nukoina no ynunufo
usopaxonun. w nonxnw cmofpofi cknuit noo. Ipon-
cfanifo con Ounmfounom, ninnnwnakmumcn inyoko n
hpocfpancfno, pasmwmnnkmum o faunax kocmoca.
HI hpucfaninoo nnumanuo ynonnofcn qusuonoiuu. 1ak,
koina mw nymaom o nom-nuo, nama osmonnnan qusuonoiun io-
nopuf o nposnwnauno naxnwx nomax. Hoynonumwo knknu: nac-
fofa nwxanun, hosa, honoxonuo inas cfumynupykf u nahpannn-
kf nam mwcnufoninwu hpouocc. Mnikuu pacqokycuponannwu
nsinnn fakxo nnnnofcn hpumopom fakoio naxnoio knkna nocfyha.
Ofof ohwf nnn monn nunno hponcfannnof coou ononi inyokyk mo-
faqopy, a fakxo nosmoxnocfi hocmofpofi na mup u cononnyk ina-
samu Aniopfa Ounmfouna.
Koina nw naynufoci nunofi hononwo usopaxonun, hocfanifo
cnonykmuu mwcnufoninwu kchopumonf.
i. Ionymaufo o hponomo, c kofopou cfonknynuci.
Ocoonno ocnu fa hponoma nsaumoofnomonun c npy-
iumu.
i2
2. Iocmofpufo na kapfunky cfpanuuw. H hohpoyufo
cmofpofi noucfnufonino ofkpwfo, kak ynfo nunufo fo
n hopnwu pas, hwfanci n xaoco fonok ofwckafi ocmwcnon-
noo usopaxonuo, u onnonpomonno fom ocowm nsinn-
nom, kofopwu homoiaof nam ynunofi ncnoo fpoxmopnoo
usopaxonuo.
J. 1ohopi, koina nw nunufo npyioo usmoponuo u npy-
iou ypononi usopaxonun, hpocfo honymaufo o cnoou hpo-
nomo.
H cnona cfanifo na mui Aniopfom Ounmfounom, ninnnwnak-
mumcn n faunw cononnou. Iponcfanifo, nfo nw moxofo hpukoc-
nyficn k pasymy u mynpocfu ionun. 1ak xo, kak on, nw moxofo
mnaficn na cnofonom nyno unu nmocfo c nnyxmopnwmu cymocfnamu
us hnockoio mupa hoponnuiaficn n nofwpoxmopnom npomonnom
iJO
hpocfpancfno. ac moxof ynocufi n kocmunockom nuqfo qanfacfunoc-
kuu nokfo unu fpamnau, nocymuucn nchnfi n hpomnoo co ckopocfik,
hponwmakmou ckopocfi cnofa. Ioumufo, nfo nw, kak u Ounmfoun,
moxofo honnopinyfi comnonuk nco ycfonnmuocn hponcfannonun o mupo,
u foina nama mononi mupa cfanof ochpononinou u nw ocnoonufoci
us sacfonkon cocfnonnoio mwmnonun.
4. 3amofifo, kak usmonunoci namo nochpunfuo u ofno-
monuo k cnoou hponomo. Mnoiuo uchwfwnanu hononoo:
omymonuo hponomw monnofcn honnocfik, u fohopi ona
nunufcn n conopmonno npyiou hopchokfuno.
Hpnvc4annc. mo onno cponcfno, uchonisonannoo nnn konfponn nan nnyfponnum
cocfonnuom, n nasnan noupocnnsik cnooopasnou uonoiunockou opafnou cnn-
sik, koina onnonpomonno u sahucwnakfcn, u nomoncfpupykfcn akfunnocfi copnuo-
uonun, fomhopafypa fona u haffopnw nokfpunockou akfunnocfu nonoio u hpanoio
honymapuu mosia, nonou u hpanou nacfou fona. Houpocnnsi coonunnof n coo knk-
nonwo nomonfw nopnnou cucfomw c uckyccfnonnwm unfonnokfom u mofonamu u hpun-
uuhamu HI, nnn foio nfow homoni nknnm nocfuni ux ohfumaninoio cocfonnun
yni fo snoponio, ynonwu hpouocc unu nunnocfnoo conopmoncfnonanuo.
Cnvnunn4ccknc vc1agupu puca1 nuiun
aiunuv upcuunuxcnnxv
pyiou napuanf hpumononun cmononuponannou cfpafoiuu Ounm-
founa cocfouf n fom, nfow nsnfi us noo ohponononnwo nomonfw,
monuquuuponafi ux u cunfosuponafi n onoo omyk cfpykfypy pomo-
nun hponom. Iaccmofponnwu nuxo hpouocc hpumop foio, kak
moxno uchonisonafi knknonwo nomonfw cfpafoiuu Ounmfouna:
i. Kpafko ohumufo cnok hponomy. ynmo sahucafi oo
na ymaio u honnopknyfi knknonwo cnona, kaxymuocn
ocoonno nnycmwcnonnwmu unu hponomafunnwmu.
2. Hapucyufo kapfunky (noopaxaomyk koncfpyk-
uuk), hponcfannnkmyk namy hponomy. Ofo moxof wfi
napocok, mofaqopa unu cumnon. axno fak napuconafi
fof opas, nfow n nom nama hponoma paccmafpunanaci
c pasnwx fonok sponun.
J. Ionymaufo, kakuo yoxnonun, uonnocfu u hponho-
noxonun cfonf sa namum hponcfannonuom o hponomo. K
iJi
kaxnomy knknonomy nomonfy (unu cumnony) opafufo noh-
poc: kakuo hponhonoxonun ckpwfw sa numu
4. Haunufo nanknafoninwu hynkf nno hponomno-
io hpocfpancfna (mofahosuuuk). 1akum opasom, ho-nono-
my innnn na hponomy, nw nanunaofo ho-npyiomy nymafi o
nou, n unom knkno, nom hponoma cosnananaci. Ofoio moxno
nocfuni cnonykmum opasom:
a) usmonufi npomonnyk pamky: kpafkocponnoo monnofcn
na noniocponnoo, nacfonmoo na hpomnoo, nuxaumoo
ynymoo na ofnanonnoo u f.h.
) naufu conopmonno nonyk fonky sponun na hpono-
my (nahpumop, honymaufo, kak hocmofpon w na fo Ani-
opf Ounmfoun)
n) cmocfufi ypononi, na kofopom paccmafpunaofcn hpo-
noma, nahpumop, ocnu nw nymaofo, nfo n nou safpony-
fw yoxnonun u uonnocfu (ofnonaom na nohpoc hono-
my), hohwfaufoci hocmofpofi na noo c nucfo hononon-
nockoio yponnn u yponnn okpyxonun; ocnu hponomy nnn
nac cocfannnno kakoo-fo honononuo, honymaufo o fom, kak
nwinnnuf ono c nunnocfnoio yponnn, coofnofcfnyof unu
nof fou muccuu, kofopyk nw nnn con ohpononunu n xus-
nu.
5. Iacmupufi cnok kapfy mupa u uccnononafi nohon-
nufoninwo posopnw cnooio nochpunfun hponomw. nn
foio:
a) hopocfpoufo cnok nusyaninyk koncfpykuuk (kap-
funky);
) hopocmofpufo yoxnonun, uonnocfu u hponhonoxo-
nun, ofnocnmuocn k hponomo.
6. Iocmofpofi, kak fu usmononun unu noannonun k
namou monfaninou kapfo moinu w, n cnok onoponi, us-
monufi nam honxon k hponomo. 3ahumufo nonwo napuan-
fw pomonuu, kofopwo moiyf y nac nosnuknyfi.
nn foio nfow honnfi, kak hpumonnfi fy cfpafoiuk, paccmof-
pum hpocfyk unnkcfpauuk:
1ocmooou you0e: oo0ume:n uomoycu, nupymuuueeo 0ou-
enue nu o0nocmoponneu 0opoee, o0nuio ne ommpuqoou: eeo.
1oue+y
iJ2
Ocfanonufoci na munyfy u sahumufo cnou ofnof u fo, kakum opa-
som nw no noio nonymanuci.
Iponnoxonnan hponoma hponcfannona n cnonax, u nam nyxno
nwnnufi cfonmuo sa numu nohpousnoconnwo hponhonoxonun. nan-
nom cnynao knkn k kaxymoucn anomaninocfu cufyauuu n cnonax u
cnonoconofanunx nonufoni anfoyca u napymakmuu nnuxonuo.
bonimuncfno honaiaof, nfo nonufoni anfoyca naxonufcn nnyfpu (cu-
nuf sa pynom), a cnonoconofanuo napymakmuu nnuxonuo ofnocufcn
k anfoycy, sa pynom kofopoio cunuf snohonynnwu nonufoni. Ha ca-
mom nono nonufoni n fou cufyauuu hpocfo homoxon. 3aianka paspo-
mona.
Hocomnonno, nfo Ounmfoun, ocnu w omy hpumnoci pomafi fy
sanany, cnanana namon w camwo nnycmwcnonnwo, noncnwo cnona
fakuo, kak unymuu u napymakmuu 0ouenue, a safom napu-
conan w cumnonunockyk, no nhonno nofkyk kapfy hponomw, co-
snan nusyaninyk koncfpykuuk, ino onnonpomonno on cam moi wfi
u nonufonom anfoyca, u honuuouckum. H namo cosnanuo ycnyx-
nuno hocanuf nonufonn n anfoyc. oopaxaoman kapfuna honcka-
xof pomonuo ckopoo, nom hpocfo paccyxnonuo o hponomo.
Iponopum noucfnuo cfpafoiuu, a nnn foio nopnomcn k hpono-
mo, napocannou n nanano inanw o asonou cfpafoiuu Ounmfouna,
no fohopi honounom k nou nonwmu, foniko nfo ohucannwmu maia-
mu. Hahomunak ckxof:
w nosinannnofo qapuky . Hananinuk namoio k-
chnyafauuonnoio ofnona nosinannnof mocfi puian us noci-
mu nononok, paofakmux hon yhpannonuom mocfu puia-
nupon. ac ochokouf nonocfafonno hpousnonufoninan
paofa puian. ono n fom, nfo paonuo cknonnw nwhon-
nnfi foniko fo, nfo ofnocufcn k ux cfpoio nohocponcfnon-
nwm sananam. posynifafo samonnnofcn paofa ncoio of-
nona. 1oniko n kcfponnwx cnynanx napymaofcn nofopoh-
nunwu pyfunnwu cfuni paofw. Ho nam fakxo usnocfno,
nfo choconocfu u komhofonfnocfi paonux nocfafonno
nwcoku u onu moiyf paofafi onoo qqokfunno.
Kak w nw honomnu k pomonuk fou hponomw
Hapucyufo kapfuny namoio honumanun hponomw na ofnoninom
nucfko ymaiu u napocaufo cnou honxon k oo pomonuk. H cnona
fo moxof wfi u napocok, u mofaqopa, u cumnon. 1ohopi nopnu-
iJJ
foci k cuonapuk, namomy hponcfannonuk o hponomo u hopnwm maiam
oo pomonun u hocmofpufo, nfo sa hponhonoxonun nw onapyxunu.
Cpannufo cnok fohopomnkk ouonky cufyauuu c fou, kofopan nosnuk-
na y nac nokofopoo npomn nasan. Iopasmwmnnufo nan cnonykmumu
nohpocamu:
Ino, koina, nfo, kak, honomy u kfo (n konfokcfo cu-
fyauuu) Ino ynof pomaficn hponoma Koina Hfo usmo-
nuf cufyauuk Hfo nyxno nonafi Kak nanafi Ionomy
umonno fak Kfo chocoon usmonufi cufyauuk
w honaiaofo fo hponoma us paspnna kak (Kak us-
monufi cufyauuk) Hnu fo hponoma c mofunauuou
Opianusauuonnan Omonun Iykononcfna
C niou hopchokfunw nw hocfpounu noopaxaomyk kon-
cfpykuuk upokfopa qapuku Hananinuka ofnona bpu-
ianupa Iaonux
Hfo naxno nnn nupokfopa qapuku A nnn nananinuka
ofnona bpuianupa Iaonux
Kak nw nymaofo, nfo nnunoci hpununou hponomw
unonnukom nnnnofcn nupokfop qapuku Hnu kfo-fo
omo us nwmohoponucnonnwx nom kopnu hponomw
n hnoxou opianusauuu Kak nw spufonino hponcfannnofo
nck cucfomy qynkuuonuponanun ofnona w mwcnonno
hpouipwnaofo hofonuuaninwo cuonapuu pasnufun ckxofa
Ononunno, nfo nof onuncfnonno hpanuninoio ofnofa na nco fu
nohpocw, u sanana namoio mwcnufoninoio kchopumonfa cocfo-
uf no n houcko ocooio pomonun hponomw. Honik oio nnnnofcn
cfpomnonuo ocosnafi cnou cocfnonnwu mwcnufoninwu hpouocc,
cnou monfaninwo kapfw u qynnamonfaninwo nnn nux hponhonoxo-
nun. Ocosnafi u ochopufi fak, kak cnonan fo Ounmfoun, uccno-
nonafi cnou cocfnonnwo hcuxonoiunockuo hponhonoxonun o honn-
funx hpocfpancfna u npomonu.
H nco xo fy cfpafoiuk moxno hpumonufi u k pomonuk poaninwx
hponom. Hahpumop, onnaxnw n koncynifuponan nononoka, okasan-
moiocn n hoxoxou cufyauuu. On wn pykononufonom hpookfa n fox-
nonoiunockou komhanuu. Iponoma, ho oio ohucanuk, cocfonna n
cnonykmom: n camom nanano paofw on copan ncox ynacfnukon hpo-
okfa, ononi ncno u fonno oncnun, kakyk hponykuuk um hponcfouf
hpousnonufi; kak ona nonxna nwinnnofi u kak nooxonumo noucfno-
iJ4
nafi. 3afom fak xo ncno ohpononun ponu u ofnofcfnonnocfi kaxnoio
nnona komannw. Iponopun, nco nu yncnunu oio uncfpykuuu. ononi-
nwu posynifafom hponopku, on ofhpanun ux paofafi nan hpookfom.
Chycfn nokofopoo npomn nwncnunoci, nfo nwhonnonuo hpookfa samon-
nnofcn, nousmonno nohyckakfcn omuku, uchpannnfi kofopwo hponcfo-
nno camomy pykononufonk hpookfa.
Iomnn o cfpafoiuu Ounmfouna, n hohpocun foio nononoka co-
snafi cumnonunockyk mofaqopy, cumnonusupykmyk hponomy.
nou on ohucan con kak ucfonnuk cnofa, hononwu manky: npkuu
kpacnwu cnof pachpocfpannofcn of oio iononw k nnonam komannw
kopannm, hnwnymum n okoano. Koina kopanu naxonnfcn nonano-
ko of manka, cnof hokaswnaof um hyfi n ianani u homoiaof ooufu
opoionwo puqw. Ho nom nanimo kopani, fom wcfpoo on fopnof
us nuny chacufoninwu cnof manka u nanunaof ochomomno apax-
faficn n mopo.
Ionynun fakoo cumnonunockoo ohucanuo hponomw, mw sanyma-
nuci, nfo xo cfouf sa num, kakuo honoxonun cqopmuponanu umonno
fof opas Onno us camwx naxnwx honoxonuu saknknaofcn n fom,
nfo cnof nyxon nnn nanuiauuu. Anfop mofaqopw honnn, nfo nasna-
nonuo manka wfi fonkou ofcnofa, homoiafi kopannm usoiafi
kpymonun, hoka onu naxonnfcn n hpononax nunumocfu. pyioo hpon-
honoxonuo na kopannx nof cnoux ucfonnukon cnofa, u onu nco-
ina hnwnyf n fomnofo.
H hohpocun cnooio knuonfa hocfanufi con na mocfo nnonon ko-
mannw u hponcfanufi, kak onu nochpunumakf oio n ponu nunopa.
Ohucanuo oio omymonuu wno cnonykmum: na, onu ynaxanu u
honumanu oio, hpusnananu oio komhofonfnocfi. Ho ononunnou
cfanonunaci mwcni: fo wn cru, a no nx hpookf. Ofckna no cnum-
kom onimou nfysuasm ynacfnukon komannw, no nochpunumakmux
hpookf cnoum. bonoo foio, kaxnwu n ofnoninocfu, hpokpacno ho-
numan cnok konkpofnyk sanany, snan cnou ynacfok paofw, no umon
hponcfannonun o honnou kapfuno hpookfa. knu no snanu, kak
coofnocnfcn ux noucfnun c noucfnunmu npyiux nnonon komannw.
posynifafo n hohpocun oio usmonufi koo-nfo n fou noopa-
xaomou kapfuno. Mou knuonf cnona hponcfanun con mankom. Ho
fohopi mank yxo no uchyckan npkuo kpacnwo nynu nopos kopofkuo
hpomoxyfku npomonu fo wn hocfonnnwu noiacnymuu posonwu
cnof. Chycfn kakoo-fo npomn nchwmku posonoio u kpacnoio sauck-
punuci na nokofopwx kopannx. H ocnu mank, no muian, hponon-
xan usnynafi posonoo cunnuo, fo na ncox kopannx saxuianoci co-
iJ5
cfnonnoo hnamn. Ycununanoci posonoo cnononuo manka cuninoo u npno
saiopanuci kopaoninwo oinu, ofpacwnan cnof na mopckoo hpocfpan-
cfno nokpyi.
Ocfanoci hpumonufi cumnonunockuu hnan k poaninou cufya-
uuu. Ha cou pas, nmocfo hpocfpannoio u nofaninoio ohucanun
hpookfa, oio ynacfnukam n ocnonnwx nopfax wna hponcfannona
oman kapfuna. 3afom kaxnwu honynun nosmoxnocfi napuconafi
cnou cocfnonnwo noopaxaomwo cumnonunockuo kapfunw hpo-
okfa. Iocno foio nco ynacfnuku ipyhhw cpannunu cnou napu-
anfw u oncnunu, honomy umonno fak onu hponcfannnkf cnok
poni n omou uipo. 1ohopi pykononufoni hpookfa moi wfi o-
noo chokoon sa oio poanusauuk, u omy noino wno homoni kax-
nomy ohpononufi mofunauuk u qynkuuk. Ipookf cfan noucfnu-
fonino omum nnn ncou komannw.
Kak nunufo, cfpafoiuk Ounmfouna moxno anahfuponafi u k hpo-
nomam komannw, kacakmumcn oynonun u paspomonun konqnukfon.
Ionwfoxum maiu paofw c komannou unu ipyhhou:
i. A ohucwnaof hponomy unu uoni ocfaninwm nnonam
ipyhhw.
2. Kaxnwu us ynacfnukon (nknknan A) nunno nnn con
pucyof cnoo honumanuo hponomw. Ofo moxof wfi napo-
cok, mofaqopa, cumnon.
J. co nonnfcn cnoumu coopaxonunmu, cpannunan u
oncnnn cnou napuanfw kapfun. Hccnonykf, kakuo yox-
nonun, uonnocfu u hponhonoxonun cfonf sa kaxnou us
nux. Ipumonufonino k kaxnomy knknonomy nomonfy
(cumnony) kapfunw sanaofcn nohpoc: Hfo sacfanuno fon
nwpafi umonno fo
4. ipyhho ocyxnaofcn, kakuo yoxnonun, uonnoc-
fu u hponhonoxonun moxno noanufi unu usmonufi (cpo-
nu yxo hposnynanmux). Hooxonumo hocmofpofi, kak fu
usmononun unu nohonnonun n cnok onoponi usmonnkf u
ooiamakf nochpunfuo hponomw kaxnwm ynacfnukom.
5. Kaxnwu ynacfnuk naof cnoo hponcfannonuo o pomo-
nuu hponomw, hpunom fak, nfow ono okasanoci naunyn-
mum napuanfom nnn kaxnoio.
Hfow hponcfanufi cnoo nunnoo pomonuo, ynacfnuku
moiyf:
a) cosnafi nonyk kapfy;
iJ6
) noanufi cnou napuanf pomonun k hponwnymou, panoo
cymocfnonanmou kapfo;
n) nnocfu nohonnonun nohocponcfnonno k kapfo hpo-
nomw;
i) hponnoxufi mofaqopy unu ananoiuk.
6. Iaccmafpunaofcn, kak usmononun u nohonnonun k na-
mum hponhonoxonunm u yoxnonunm moiyf usmonufi u oo-
iafufi nochpunfuo hponomw nononokom (A).
oucfnuo foio hpouocca unnkcfpupyof cnonykmuu hpumop:
nonanno n paofan c onnou kpyhnou npohouckou fpanchopfnou
komhanuou, kofopan us iocynapcfnonnou cfanonunaci nacfnou.
Iopoxon n nonoo cocfonnuo cohponoxnancn oipomnou cyofou n hon-
pasnononunx opianusauuu.
Moo nmomafonicfno n hpoucxonnmoo wno cnonykmum: n copan
ipyhhy cofpynnukon us pasnwx ofnonon u kaxnoio us nux hohpocun
napuconafi cumnonunockuu opas cfonmou hopon opianusauuou hpo-
nomw. Onun us nnonon komannw hponcfanun oo fak: kuhax kopann
hnwnof na hapycnuko, u y kaxnoio na opfy mnoio cnoux onsanno-
cfou. Ipu nopmaninwx ycnonunx mopnku moiyf nwhonnnfi cnok
paofy u omaficn. Ho no npomn mfopma um hpuxonunoci cocpono-
fonunaficn foniko na cnoux sananax, u omaficn wno nonosmox-
no. Koopnunuponafi noucfnun nnonon komannw cfanonufcn cnoxnoo.
pyiomy hponcfanunaci fakan kapfuna: acfponanf n kahcyno hpu-
somnnofcn na hnanofo, ino nof ocfocfnonnwx pocypcon nnn oio xus-
nooochononun, u on hwfaofcn coxpanufi makcumym sahacon u oo-
pynonanun, nfow nwxufi na fou hnanofo.
mo onnomy nononoky hponcfanunaci konqnukfykman comin.
Komy-fo omo nopmaninan. Onnou xonmuno cufyauun kasanaci
hoxoxou na honpocfka, iofonnmoiocn ocfanufi nom u nhopnwo hpo-
ykmoio xufi camocfonfonino.
Cpannun cnou cumnonunockuo opasw, ynacfnuku ipyhhw cmoi-
nu ycnwmafi u honnfi pasnunnwo hopchokfunw u hpunnfi ux os
nnyfponnou opiw. mocfo foio nfow chopufi, nio usopaxonuo
(unu kapfa) hpanuninoo, onu moinu noino nochpunnfi u uccno-
nonafi cfonmuo sa cumnonunockumu opasamu hponhonoxonun u
onapyxufi ckpwfwo n nux cunw.
Hahpumop, mofaqopw c kopanom u kahcynou acfponanfa hpon-
honaiakf konqnukf c okpyxakmou cponou, no ocnu hopnan mofa-
qopa nwpaxana hponomy n omonuu moxny nnonamu komannw, fo
iJ?
nfopan opiy, hohwfky pomufi hponomy n onunonky. H hpumona-
fonino, nfo hponoma, nosnukman na kopano, ponunaci us-sa nono-
cfafka omonun moxny nccvn ynacfnukamu komannw n hpofunonoc no-
ynannomy komannonanuk kahufana.
Iyfomocfnyn moxny pasnwmu mofaqopamu, ipyhha hocfohonno na-
nana ocosnanafi, nfo omoio y ncox oo ynacfnukon u kakuo hponhono-
xonun cfouf ochopufi u usmonufi. posynifafo hponononnoio kcho-
pumonfa nco cofpynnuku ipyhhw cmoinu omaficn c monimum
nahpnxonuom u ochokoucfnom u yxo no ooponnnci. 1ohopi
y nux wno nockoniko nonwx hopchokfun u mofaqop cufyauuu u
ouonunanu onu oo ho-nonomy, hockoniky fohopi hpunuxanuci k
hponomo c npyium fuhom mwmnonun, nom hpoxno.
4upva1 pcmcnnx kungnnk1un, ucnunannu
na c1pa1crnn Onm1cna
hponwnymou inano n ocynun snanonuo foopuu ofnocufonino-
cfu nnn pomonun hcuxonoiunockux konqnukfon. Huxo n hpunoxy
pnn maion, nonymux k paspomonuk konqnukfon na yponno yoxno-
nuu unu nunnocfnom yponno, maion, unfoipupykmux hpofunoho-
noxnwo fonku sponun.
i. Ohpononufo anfaionucfunockuo fonku sponun, acco-
uuupykmuocn c usmononuom, f.o. hopnyk u nfopyk
hosuuuu. konqnukf moiyf wfi nonnononw nw camu u
npyiou nononok; nna pasnwx nononoka unu nno namu pasnwo
nacfu (nahpumop, nno nacfu moou knuonfku: onna xo-
nanman u npyian cfpamunmancn usmononun).
2. Ycfanonufo fpofik, unu mofahosuuuk, nno nnyx
konqnukfykmux hosuuuu. Ohpononufo cfonmuo sa kon-
qnukfom honoxonun, nahpumop, cnonykmoo: conon-
nan nonpyxonkna.
J. Cqopmynupyufo cumnonunockuo unu mofaqopunoc-
kuo opasw konqnukfykmux nacfou (nahpumop, aon-
ka u mafi-nunosanpuxa).
4. Iocfanifo con na kaxnyk us paccmafpunaomwx ho-
suuuu, naunufo oo hosufunnoo namoponuo unu uoni (fak,
nnn aonku fo pocf, nnn nunosanpa nwxunanuo
u samufa).
iJ8
5. Ohpononufo omyk uoni nnn ooux hosufunnwx namo-
ponuu, uoni nwcmoio hopnnka (nahpumop, cfpomnonuo
cfafi ychomnwm nononokom).
6. Ohpononufo nohonnufoninwo choconocfu kaxnou
nacfu, onu nacfo homoiakf npyi npyiy (fak, nohonnufoni-
nou choconocfik aonku nnnnofcn choconocfi iofo-
nuficn k ynymomy, a choconocfi nunosanpa cocfouf n
ymonuu ouonunafi nacfonmoo).
?. osnpamaufoci na mofahosuuuk u cqopmupyufo no-
nwu cumnonunockuu opas nnyx nacfou, paofakmux n
onuncfno u iapmonuu (n namom hpumopo fo wna mafi-
opnuua n inosno).
hponwnymou inano n hpunon hpumop hpumononun cfpafoiuu k
pomonuk copiosnou nunnou hponomw. Cnonykmuu hpumop nnnn-
ofcn unnkcfpauuou foio, kak fy xo camyk cfpafoiuk moxno hpu-
monufi n usnoc-konfokcfo.
Onnaxnw n koncynifuponan mononoio nononoka, okasanmoiocn n
kpusucnou cufyauuu, kak nu cfpanno, hocno honwmonun ho cnyx-
o. o foio on hpokpacno nanun c fonapumamu ho paofo. On wn
noucfnufonino ononi opuonfuponannwm na npyiux nononokom: homo-
ian ocfaninwm, nwhonnnn sa nux cnoxnwo sananu, kofopwo um wno
no hon cuny pomufi camocfonfonino, nwpynan n fpynnwx honoxo-
nunx. cfocfnonno, hpannonuo komhanuu pomuno: Iaponi nfo
nano! Cnonaom-ka oio yhpannnkmum.
H nof n onun hpokpacnwu noni on cfanonufcn yhpannnkmum k
nonukou panocfu cofpynnukon: Ofnunno, fohopi mw co ncom chpa-
numcn. On sa nac nco cnonaof, kak ownno. On xo onun us nac!
1yf-fo u nosnuknu hponomw. Mononou nononok nospasun: Io-
cfoufo! Y nac ofnwno npyiuo ofnomonun. H fohopi ofnonak sa oni-
myk cucfomy. Honnocfu, kofopwmu n fohopi pykononcfnykci n moou
nonou ponu u kofopwo ohpononnkf moo honononuo, conopmonno
unwo. C fou nonou hosuuuu n no moiy (na fo u nokonoiunno)
nonafi nnn nac fo, nfo nwhonnnn panimo.
1oina nco, nfo hpoxno oochonunano oio hponnuxonuo, cfano
paofafi hpofun. Cofpynnuku onununu nonoio yhpannnkmoio n
hponafonicfno: Iponafoni, nunfoxocfno... io cocfnonnwu na-
naninuk sannun: Ou, nfo hpoucxonuf Iponhonaianoci, nfo fw
ynomi nanufi c fumu hapnnmu. co nanufcn us pyk. cnu fw no
cmoxomi ux konfponuponafi, nam hpunofcn c foou paccfaficn.
iJ
Mononou nononok okasancn moxny nnyx oinou. C onnou cfoponw, on
nyncfnonan ofnofcfnonnocfi sa cnoux cofpynnukon, c npyiou cam of-
nonan hopon pykononcfnom u ncou komhanuou.
nn nanana n hohpocun oio hponcfanufi nokuu cumnonunockuu
opas konqnukfnou cufyauuu. Con on noopasun mopnkom co cfapun-
noio hapycnoio cynna, cnooio occa mopckum oquuopom, a cofpyn-
nukon mnfoxnou komannou. Iopou namoio honocfnonanun hponnun
con kak honoxufoninwu nunop, u kahufan qpoiafa ocnoonun oio of
honconnonnwx onsannocfou, nosnoxun ofnofcfnonnocfi sa hopnnok.
Ho nmocfo c fom kahufan cynna npynun omy xnwcf, c kofopwm nam io-
pou nyncfnonan con nononko, u n hpunany fo nnymano cfpax u nona-
nucfi ocfaninwx mafpocon.
3afom mw ohpononunu mofahosuuuk, ofkyna yhpannnkmuu moi
nsinnnyfi na cufyauuk n uonom, nknknan u con camoio. Cnonyk-
mum maiom cfano ycfanonnonuo hponhonoxonuu, cfonmux sa kon-
qnukfom u ux ofpaxonuo n cumnonunockou koncfpykuuu.
Mou knuonf ocosnan, nfo noiafunnoo ofnomonuo cofpynnukon
wno poxnono omymonuom foio, nfo komhanun nnnnofcn nyxou u
npaxnonou u of noo nooxonumo samumaficn.
Ioakuun oio occa ohpononnnaci yoxnonuom, nfo nnn qqokfun-
nou paofw nooxonum nnomnuu konfponi sa paonumu. Omum nnn
ncox ynacfnukon okasanoci cnonykmoo honoxonuo: onu no hponcfan-
nnnu con nacfnmu onnou cucfomw, moxny cofpynnukamu u pyko-
noncfnom komhanuu no wno nonxnoio konfakfa. Hmonno fakou
cfuni ofnomonuu cnoxuncn ucfopunocku u nukoina panoo no ocha-
punancn.
Iaonuo unfyufunno nyncfnonanu, nfo um nano of noio-fo us-
anuficn, hofomy nfo hpanuna honononun na paofo no ofnonanu
ucfunnwm hpoqoccuonaninwm hofponocfnm u wnu ycfanonnonw
os ynofa ux unfopocon. wcmoo pykononcfno komhanuu honumano,
nfo paonux nano konfponuponafi, hofomy nfo onu hocfonnno na-
pymakf hpanuna.
H hohpocun cnooio knuonfa hocfanufi con na mocfo kaxnou us
konqnukfykmux cfopon u naufu ux hosufunnwo namoponun. Koman-
na cnufana, nfo chocona chpanuficn c paofou camocfonfonino n
afmocqopo npyxockoio honumanun u hpu munumaninom nmomafoni-
cfno usnno. Iosufunnwm namoponuom occa, unu kahufana, wno
xonanuo honnopxunafi hopnnok na kopano nnn chokounoio nwhon-
nonun cnoou muccuu.
i4O
H fakxo hohpocun mononoio nononoka nsinnnyfi na hponomy c fon-
ku sponun cnoou cocfnonnou muccuu n xusnu. On cqopmynuponan
cnok hosufunnyk uoni cnonykmum opasom: wfi knknonwm uipokom
n qqokfunnou komanno.
3afom mw ocynunu naxnocfi hpusnanun ncox pasnunnwx fonok spo-
nun, u fof qakf, nfo nu onna us nux, n kononnom cnofo, no hponcfan-
nnof coou ucfunnou poaninocfu.
Mw nananu uckafi omuo hopchokfunw u namoponun. Iocfonn-
no nomunuponano onno xonanuo ocosnafi con snanumwm snonom
cucfomw, ynacfnukom omoio nona, komannou kopann.
posynifafo kchopumonfa mononou yhpannnkmuu honnn: ocnu
y paonux ynof nosmoxnocfi nnocufi u nnonpnfi cocfnonnwo hpon-
noxonun, fo y nux honnufcn omymonuo ynacfun n yhpannonuu.
Ocosnanuo con nacfik komhanuu nacf um onimyk mofunauuk,
onimyk nunnyk saunfopoconannocfi.
H, kak fo cnynunoci c Ounmfounom, opofonnan fohopi mono-
nwm mononxopom choconocfi nochpunumafi cowfun c pasnunnwx
fonok sponun nana omy oipomnoo hpoumymocfno. On onapyxun, nfo
cmoxof fohopi pasymno anancuponafi moxny paofnukamu u nwc-
mum pykononcfnom.
Koina n hohpocun mononoio yhpannnkmoio hopoqopmuponafi
opas cufyauuu, on paccmonncn u ckasan, nfo wnuu knyf hpo-
npafuncn n wnuu poi.
C1pa1crnx "Hucpcnnka", ucnunannax
na vucnn1cntnuv upuucccc Onm1cna
Cnonykmuu hpouocc kpafkoo usnoxonuo omo onnou napuauuu
cfpafoiuu Ounmfouna, hpu homomu kofopou cfanonufcn nosmox-
nwm poiynuponafi konqnukfw moxny ofnoninwmu nunnocfnmu (unu
nacfnmu onnoio nononoka).
nanano ohpononufo, kfo unu nfo hpofunocfouf npyi npyiy. Hau-
nufo qusunockoo pachonoxonuo nnn hopnou, nfopou u fpofiou ho-
suuuu.
i. Hainufo na hopnyk hosuuuk u hponcfanifo, nfo
nononok (unu konqnukfykman nacfi) cfouf nahpofun u
omaofcn c namu.
i4i
Dpoc1panc1nennoe pacnonoxenne paannunmx noann nocnpnn1nn
2. sinnnufo na fo omonuo inasamu nunnocfu, oc-
hokonmoucn o nwcmux unfopocax ncou nsaumonoucfnykmou
cucfomw (hosuuun hocponnuka).
Ionanknaufo sa honononuom nononoka, naxonnmoiocn na
hopnou hosuuuu ho ofnomonuk k npyiomy ynacfnuky (unu
nacfu) kommynukauuu.
J. Iponcfanifo con (nfopan hosuuun) na mocfo npyio-
io nononoka (unu nacfu). Kak nw fohopi nochpunumaofo
cnoo honononuo inasamu npyioio
a) Hfo-nuyni omo, panoo no samononnoo, nnunof na
foio nononoka (na fy nacfi), nano nu nfo-fo noanufi
) cnu w nw pasnonnnu muponossponuo npyioio nono-
noka, fo kakoo hosufunnoo namoponuo onapyxunu w sa
oio honononuom
4. cfanifo na hosuuuk hocponnuka, napucyufo cum-
nonunockyk kapfy nnyx konqnukfykmux hosuuuu u ohpo-
nonufo noxamuo n ocnono konqnukfa honoxonun.
5. 3afom ohpononufo:
a) hosufunnoo namoponuo kaxnou us hosuuuu;
) omuu kpufopuu nwcmoio yponnn, oonunnkmuu
hosufunnwo namoponun ooux hosuuuu;
n) kakuo nohonnufoninwo choconocfu, kofopwo moinu
w ux honnopxafi (pocypcw), ocfi y ooux konqnukfykmux
cfopon (Iocmofpufo hpumop n hponwnymou inano).
Hepean nosnunn B1opan nosnunn
(Hosnunn nocpepnnka")
Tpe1un nosnunn
6. Iponcfanifo coo, kak nw nnocufo honxonnmuo usmo-
nonun no nsaumonoucfnuo nacfou, canancuponannwx c yno-
fom omux kpufopuon.
Ionymaufo, kak fu usmononun homoiakf nocfuni o-
mou uonu.
?. Iopopucyufo cnok cumnonunockyk kapfy, nnocn nco ho-
nnunmuocn n hpouocco usmononun u pomonun.
i4J
9. MbCHTbHbH HOUCC
OHHUTHHA
{KATKO H3OHH)
Cfpykfypupyn nck hponcfannonnyk n hponwnymux inanax unqop-
mauuk, honwfoxum asonwo nomonfw mwcnufoninoio hpouocca
Ounmfouna:
1. Ha4nnacv c ccncupnuru ohwfa (mwmnonuo u nyncfnonanuo no-
paspwnnw).
Honi cosnanun mononu opianusauun nsaumonoucfnun c xunwm
okpyxakmum nac mupom. Mononi opofaof cmwcn u ohpannanuo
cnoomy cymocfnonanuk ucknknufonino naionapn conokyhnocfu
concopnwx nhonafnonuu, accouuuponannwx c nou. Hfow wfi
noucfnonnwmu, nco mononu nonxnw ohupaficn na concopnwu ohwf.
2. Oupccnxcv gynavcn1antnuc nx vucnnpunannx ancvcn1u n
cnc1cvc {1u cc1t "ucpny" n "n1upy" uuinunn").
Ofu nomonfw nnnnkfcn ohponononnwmu, hocfonnno honfopnk-
mumucn komhnokcamu concopnwx nhonafnonuu (fo ocfi haffopnamu),
hopnonananino usnnokaomwmu us hocnononafoninocfu kapfun-noc-
homunanuu, nsnfwx us mnoxocfnonnocfu namux concopnwx ohw-
fon.
Ofu haffopnw u konuohuuu hopnonananino usnnokakfcn us na-
mux concopnwx ohwfon, no nom nuxo mw k qopmupykmum ux sa-
konam, fom nanimo of konkpofnocfu namu nochpunnfoio. pyiumu
cnonamu, mw nanunaom naxonufi onoo qynnamonfaninwo haffopnw
cponu honopxnocfnwx (nnomnux) haffopnon, safom honynaom haf-
fopnw yxo fux haffopnon u f.n.
J. Hcuuntiycv ckunc1pynpunannuc nniyantnuc "upaiu", upc-
c1annxmnc ucnunnuc ancvcn1u c1pa1crnn.
ynnamonfaninwo haffopnw nanunakf noyknonno ynannficn of
namux poaninwx omymonuu, hofomy, nfow ux ynonufi, mw
cosnaom noopaxaomwo koncfpykuuu. Hx uoni oomufi u yhpo-
cfufi cnoxnocfi namux concopnwx hponcfannonuu u naufu camwu
i44
hpocfou nwxon us naupunfa fux omymonuu, naw nopaficn no
munumyma hopnunnwx konuohuuu u ofnomonuu. Ho hpu fom mw
nonxnw nnumafonino cnonufi sa fomhom cnooio hponnuxonun nho-
pon no yxonufi cnumkom wcfpo u cnumkom nanoko of concopno-
io ohwfa. Mafomafunockuo unu cnonocnwo koncfpykuuu moiyf, c
onnou cfoponw, wfi cnumkom hpunnsanw k chouuqunockomy hpo-
uoccy usmoponun u, c npyiou cfoponw, cnumkom ynanonw of ocn-
saomou poaninocfu, nfow unfyufunno coonunnficn c fom, nfo mw
hwfaomcn cmononuponafi.
Bnayanunm cnmnon nn1erpann cencopnoro onm1a
n nornuecxnx cnc1em
Koina mw nchomunaom ohwfw Ounmfouna, nam kaxofcn, nfo oio
noopaxonuo qynkuuonupyof hpoumymocfnonno n nusyaninou cuc-
fomo: (on uchonisyof nocfafonno hpocfwo nomonfw ioomofpunoc-
kuo quiypw u afomw unu nusyaninwo mofaqopw cnohou xyk unu
naosnnuk na cnofonom nyno. Ofu noopaxaomwo koncfpykuuu pac-
mupnkf namo hponcfannonuo o mupo, hponunan cnof na nsaumonou-
cfnuo nomonfapnwx fon n conokyhnocfu cucfom. Hanan c con-
copnoio ohwfa u hpononxan houck onoo omux ypononi sa
yponnom haffopnon, nw fakxo ocfannnofo sa coou cnooopasnwu
cnon, ho kofopomy ncoina moxno nopnyficn k ucfokam. bonoo foio,
Mopenn:
O6pasu
Hyec1ea
1o ec1u ensyanunue
cnueonu n ue1aqopu
Ranpnn1 cencopnmx
nneua1nenn
Cencopnue onu1u
Kap1nnkn eocnounnann
Rornuecxne
cnc1emm:
Hsuk
Akcnouu
Konuenunn
Hpaenna
i45
cucfomafunockoo hpoxoxnonuo ho yponnnm, honpasymonaof omon un-
qopmauuou na fux yponnnx, u fom monimo ocfaofcn mancon hofopnfi
unu yhycfufi kakuo-nuyni naxnwo nomonfw.
nn Ounmfouna fof hpouocc sanopmuncn ofkpwfuom nnyx kaxy-
muxcn conopmonno pasnwmu hosuuuu nochpunfun unu cucfom, nsa-
umonoucfnykmux qanfacfunocku hapanokcanino nahpumop, nnu-
xymuucn u nohonnuxnwu nanknafoni, mafopun u nopiun, nacfuuw
cnofa u cnofonwo nonnw, fpoxmopnwo u nofwpoxmopnwo cucfomw, ohwf
u noiuka.
4. Ha4nnacv cnuuny "kuvnna1upny nrpy" c ancvcn1avn,
ucpcvcmaxct nucpc-naia vcxy painuvn 1u4kavn ipcnnx.
Ionynaom honnoo hponcfannonuo o kaxnou us nux, cfann con n
hpofunohonoxnyk hosuuuk (nyncfnyom u nunum, kak moxno cy-
mocfnonafi n nannom uccnonyomom hpocfpancfno). 3afom, koina
kaxnan cucfoma (hosuuun nochpunfun) honnocfik uccnononana,
hopomomaomcn moxny ooumu cucfomamu u hwfaomcn unfyufunno (n
ocnonnom nopos omymonuo) ohpononufi, kakuo achokfw hpu hopo-
xono moxny cucfomamu ocfakfcn hocfonnnwmu.
5. nnracvcx k uncc "mnpukuvy "uiupy", uxna1unamcvy py-
rnc cnc1cvu nnn uuinunn nucupnx1nx {1pc1tx uuinunx). Koina ac-
couuafunnan uipa nocfafonno ycfanonunaci u moxof nochpousno-
nuficn ho xonanuk, cfpancfnuo moxny nnymn hosuuunmu n konon-
nom ufoio nwnonof nac na fpofik hosuuuk onimyk cucfomy
koopnunaf, ofkyna ncnoo nunnw nsaumoofnomonun moxny nnymn
cucfomamu.
b. Cuncpmacv uupunuc n 1u4nuc uuncannc hpousnonnmux hpa-
nun, kofopwo nunnw unu omymakfcn c fpofiou hosuuuu.
Ha fom faho moxno ckoopnunuponafi u coonunufi oosponao-
mwo c fpofiou hosuuuu sakonomopnocfu c nopaninwmu unu ma-
fomafunockumu konuohuunmu u hponhonoxonunmu, nfow n fou
yhpomonnou qopmo onu cfanu nocfyhnoo nnn nochpunfun npyiux.
nn foio nyxno, nfow nochpunumakmuu wn snakom c nomon-
fapnwmu nopaninwmu unu mafomafunockumu cfpykfypamu. (Hfo u
hpononan Hikfon, koina usopon nuqqoponuuaninoo ucnucnonuo
nnn ohucanun cnooio ofkpwfun ipanufauuu).
cnu w Ounmfoun no nohnofun hnonw cnooio noopaxonun n
mafomafunockux qopmynax, oio ofkpwfun moinu ocfaficn conopmon-
no nosamononnwmu naynnwm coomocfnom.
Kononno, na fom cnofo xunyf fwcnnu u fwcnnu nknou, nocima
ymono opamakmuxcn c fonnwmu mafomafunockumu mononnmu,
kofopwo uchonisonan u Ounmfoun, no onu, yhycfun us nuny hopnyk
nacfi cfpafoiuu, no moiyf conopmufi ofkpwfuu yponnn Ounmfouna u
Hikfona.
7. Hcuuntiycv upuninuxmnc upannna nx nunux upcckaiann,
upurnuiun, nfow safom hponopufi na ohwfo ucfunnocfi fux hpon-
ckasanuu.
Honi foio qunaninoio maia cocfouf n honynonuu nocfonopnou
opafnou cnnsu, nnn foio nfow ycfanonufi hpuionnocfi (ychom-
nocfi) mononu. Hocomnonno, cymocfnyof mnoio mononou (no ncox
onacfnx nonononockux ycfpomnonuu) c hpokpacnou foopofunockou
cfpykfypou, c fonnoumumu mafomafunockumu unu noiunockumu
ohucanunmu, no no umokmux hpakfunockou uonnocfu unu no co-
ofnofcfnykmux poaninocfu.
anno ckasano: numi fonkan ipani ofnonnof ionuaninocfi of o-
symcfna. Ipani opafnou cnnsu, ofnonnkman nocufonn onimux
unou unu hpunynnunoio noopaxonun of ionun. Ionuu ncoina
moxof nopnyficn opafno n ocnsaomwu mup us onacfou sahpononi-
nwx musoqponuk u monfafoni hofopnkfcn na fom hyfu.
i4?
10. 3AKKHHH
Upu:oounue e0uncmoennoe,
umo ocmuemcn noc:e moeo, iui ue:o-
oei :uiouem oce oiyuennoe o mio:e
i
.
ynnamonfaninou nnn noupo-nuninucfunockoio hpoipammupona-
nun nnnnofcn yoxnonnocfi n fom, nfo cmpumeeun mwmnonun oc-
mwcnonuo nononokom unqopmauuu no monoo naxna, nom conopxa-
nuo fou unqopmauuu. Hahpumop, fomy, kfo nnanoof camou
qqokfunnou cfpafoiuou chonnunia, iopasno noino naynuficn ipa-
mofnomy nahucanuk nonwx cnon.
cnu kfo-fo (kak n hpunononnom nwmo nwckaswnanuu Ounmfou-
na) saynof fo, nomy ynuncn, hpouoccw mwmnonun u cfpafoiuu
oynonun y noio ocfanyfcn nousmonnwmu. nn HI fo nnnnofcn
camou naxnou nacfik ynonoio hpouocca. Cymocfnykman y nono-
noka cfpafoiun nochpunfun unqopmauuu ohpononnof u fo, kak fa
unqopmauun opianusyofcn u uchonisyofcn.
Ounmfoun ofmonan:
Ha hopnom mocfo ncoina nonxno cfonfi pasnufuo cho-
conocfu k nosanucumomy mwmnonuk u cyxnonuk, a no
hpuopofonuo ofnoninwx chouuqunockux snanuu. cnu
nononok nnanoof ocnonamu usynaomoio hponmofa u naynuncn
mwcnufi nosanucumo, on nanopnnka naunof cnou hyfi n
xusnu u, kpomo foio, ckopoo anahfupyofcn k hpoipoccy u
usmononunm, nom fof, kfo hpunuuhuanino cocponofonon
na hpuopofonuu nofaninwx snanuu
2
.
Boo6paxenne
Bnanne
i48
Ofof kommonfapuu Ounmfouna ofpaxaof nokofopwo koponnwo hpun-
uuhw qqokfunnoio oynonun. Onnanonuo qynnamonfaninwmu snanu-
nmu, cocponofononuo na hpouocco u hoomponuo nosanucumoio mwm-
nonun nof knknonwo momonfw choconocfu k anahfauuu, hpoipoccy
u usmononuk. Ounmfoun honnopkunaof, kak naxno nnn nunnocfu umofi
cocfnonnoo nosanucumoo mwmnonuo u cyxnonuo. Hmonno fo cnona-
no Ounmfouna ionuom n onimou cfohonu, nom oio chouuaninwo sna-
nun n onacfu qusuku. H, nocomnonno, hofomy Ounmfoun hponos-
inaman noopaxonuo onoo naxnwm, nom snanuo, u ckopon o fom,
nfo n mkonax onimuu akuonf nonaofcn na hpuopofonuu snanuu, a no
na pasnufuu fnopnockoio noopaxonun u nosanucumoio mwmnonun (xo-
pomo usnocfno, nfo n cnou mkoninwo ionw Ounmfoun wn no cnum-
kom hpoychonakmum ynonukom). On homon naxo nanimo, sannnnn:
H no nyno nu fo, nfo conpomonnwo mofonw hponhu-
cwnanun uncfpykuuu omo no honnocfik honanunu cnnmon-
nyk nkosnafoninocfi uccnononanun
J
.
kosnafoninocfi u houck nna ucfonnuka u nno nnuxymuo
cunw na hyfu k nonwm snanunm u qqokfunnomy oynonuk.
usynonuu mwcnufoninwx hpouoccon Ounmfouna monn unfopo-
conano usnnononuo na cnof boxuu nokofopwx asonwx haffopnon,
kofopwo homoinu omy cfafi 1aku nunnocfik. Cam Ounmfoun io-
nopun, nfo canancuponannoo pasnufuo nunnocfu n uonom nof uoni
opasonanun.
Hkona nonxna cfpomuficn k fomy, nfow, hokunan
oo, mononou nononok cfanonuncn iapmonunnou nunnocfik,
a no hpocfo chouuanucfom
4
.
H xofn fo no nnnnofcn hponmofom namoio ocyxnonun n fou
knuio, HI pachonaiaof mnoxocfnom ocowx mofonon u yhpax-
nonuu nnn pasnufun nomonfon, ohponononnwx namu kak cocfan-
nwo nacfu ocnonnou mwcnufoninou cfpafoiuu Ounmfouna. os-
moxno, ocnu w mw kynifunuponanu n mononwx ynonwx kanocfna,
ohpononnomwo fumu nomonfamu (fo ocfi ymonuo camocfonfoni-
no mwcnufi), coionnn y nac wno w onimo hofonuuaninwx Ou-
nmfounon.
noucfnufoninocfu nokofopwo us fux hpunuuhon u cfpafoiuu
wnu ohpoonanw n nockonikux mkoninwx cucfomax. Hockoniko nof
i4
nasan mw c moum konnoiou 1onnom Ohmfounom hpunumanu ynacfuo
n hpookfo Kanuqopnuuckux mkon hon nasnanuom unamunnan ouon-
ka, uoni kofopoio homoni nofnm, nuainocfuponannwm nochoco-
nwmu k oynonuk. cn hpoipamma wna paccnufana na nofou uchan-
ckoio hpoucxoxnonun, nnn kofopwx aninuuckuu nswk no nnnnncn
ponnwm, u hofomy nosnukanu cnoxnocfu n ynoo. unamunnan
ouonka wna hponnoxona kak anifopnafuna ownnou cucfomo ouo-
nok.
Hkona, n kofopou nasnannan hpoipamma nnonpnnaci, naxonunaci n
mnoionacononnom uchanckom pauono, xufonnmu oio wnu n ocnonnom
nnonw comou paonux-muipanfon. Iponoma c oynonuom uchancko-
io nacononun cfana fakou copiosnou, nfo pauony iposuno numonuo ak-
kponufauuu.
Ocnonnan unon hpoipammw unamunnan ouonka saknknanaci n
cnonykmom: ouonunancn unfonnokf poonka, a no posynifafw oio
focfuponanun (kak fo ownno nonaofcn); ynufwnanaci choconocfi
ynonuka ynuficn fomy, kak ynuficn. mocfo focfa, pasupakmoio
ynamuxcn ho kocfonkam u n posynifafo npynakmoio um hoxus-
nonnwu hpuionop, uchonisonanaci npyian cucfoma nsaumoofnomo-
nuu: ynufoni cfynonf. Chouuanino honiofonnonnwu honaioi unu
hcuxonoi sa onno numi coocononanuo hwfancn fak nahpannnfi po-
onka, nfow ynunofi, kakou hpoipocc nosmoxon naxo sa fo noci-
ma oipanunonnoo npomn. Mw oynanu ynufonou u mkoninwx hcu-
xonoion, kak usnnokafi mukpocfpafoiuu ynamuxcn, uchwfwnakmux
safpynnonun, u safom hpocfo nyfi usmonnfi ux, pacmupnn u noan-
nnn nonwo anifopnafunw. Cmwcn foio hpouocca cocfonn n fom, nfo
omonuo hponpamanoci n cofnopnocfno, conmocfnwmu ycununmu
pacmupnnoci hponcfannonuo poonka (ananusuponancn fof mwcnu-
foninwu hpouocc, kofopwu on uchonisonan n fpynnou cufyauuu).
Ho moiy no hpunocfu onun nonukonohnwu hpumop ychomnoio
posynifafa uchonisonanun foio honxona.
3annfun hpononunuci c poonkom, cunino ofcfakmum ho mafo-
mafuko. Mononou uchanckuu hcuxonoi, paofanmuu c num, hpo-
non nocfnmyk unfopnonuuk, ofpaxanmyk, n honaiak, ucfunnwu
nyx ofkpwfuu Ounmfouna. camom nanano coccuu hcuxonoi samo-
fun, nfo maninuk uchonisyof fuhunnyk cfpafoiuk cnofa na hani-
uax nnn pomonun mafomafunockux sanan. Ioxoxo, nfo umonno fa
cfpafoiun momana omy wcfpo u hpanunino ux pomafi.
cnu w fo hpoucxonuno n knacco, fuhunnou poakuuou wno w
cnonafi nwionop, sahpofufi cnufafi na haniuax (n hpoxnuo npomona
i5O
sa fo xnocfnynu w nunoukou), no nunoio konkpofnoio u qqokfun-
noio n ofnof no hponnoxufi. mocfo foio hcuxonoi honnon poonka k
fomy, nfo fof cam honnn oipanunonnocfi cnoou cfpafoiuu u usmonun
oo:
Ckoniko ynof fpu hnkc nna
Onun, nna... fpu, nofwpo, hnfi!
Ofnunno! A fpunanuafi hnkc nofwpo
Ias, nna, fpu-u-u... Ho snak!
Ho kpufukyn cfpafoiuk poonka, hcuxonoi n ucfunnom nyxo
Ounmfouna hponnoxun cnonykmoo:
3naomi, y monn ocfi unon! Kakuo w nna nucna mw nu ckna-
nwnanu, camwm onimum us nux ncoina ynomi fw, a ocfaninwo
hocnufaomi na haniuax. cnu mw hpuannnom k fpunanuafu nofw-
po, fw fpunanuafi. 1ohopi cnufau.
i4, i5, i6... i?!
1ohopi iJ hnkc iO. Iomnu, fw onimoo nucno.
Ioonok c fum chpanuncn.
Xopomo. A ckoniko ynof i25 hnkc ?
Cnanana manwm homonnun. Hucna kasanuci cnumkom untmn-
vn. Icuxonoi nahomnun:
1w i25. 1ohopi cocnufau ? haniuon.
Cfo fpunuafi nna! hocnononan panocfnwu ofnof.
nosahno poonok conopmun kanocfnonnwu ckanok, fohopi on moi
cnufafi, noanun numi onun hpocfou mai k cnoou cfpafoiuu. Onu
homnu nanimo, u maninuk honnn, nfo, naxo ocnu cknanwnafi ko-
nonku mnoiosnannwx nucon, nco panno noannnomi foniko na n
munyfy npomonu. H poonok, kofopwu hpoxno moi cknanwnafi nuc-
na, n cymmo no hponwmakmuo nocnfu, nnpyi cfan hpousnonufi cnox-
nwo mafomafunockuo honcnofw. Ioonok naxonuncn n panocfnom
nosyxnonuu, u oio camoouonka nnno honwcunaci.
Hanopnoo, onoo naxnwm, nom fo nocfuxonuo n mafomafuko,
wn ofnof maninuka na nohpoc mafopu, chpocunmou, cnacfnun nu
on, nfo naynuncn cnufafi: H naynuncn koo-nomy iopasno onoo nax-
nomy. H snak, kak ynuficn! H moiy ynuficn ho-pasnomy. fou
ucfopuu usymufonino qanfacfunockoo hponpamonuo maninuka: po-
onok cfan nynmo ynuficn ho ncom hponmofam. H fohopi oio cfanu
unfopoconafi cfpafoiuu usynonun no onnou foniko mafomafuku.
Ofo conopmonno nonwu honxon k hpohonananuk. Ynamuucn cam
ocosnaof cnou choconocfu, y noio honnnnofcn ynoponnocfi n co-
cfnonnwx cfpafoiunx u qopmuponanuo yoxnonun, nfo cymocfnyof
i5i
ononi mnoio chocoon naynuficn nomy-nuo n fom mupo. H no foniko
fomy, nfo hponnaiaof ynufoni u ynonuku.
H nymak, wno n fou ucfopuu omo nonfo, no nnnoo, no nocima
naxnoo: poonok accouuuponan con c onimumu nucnamu. Honi-
moo nucno.
Ipoipamma unamunnou ouonku poanusonanaci ononi ychom-
no. Iauon nwmon na nfopoo mocfo ho ncom mkoninwm nohapfamon-
fam mfafa. cfocfnonnwm wno nonnonuo hopnoofkpwnafonou, hpo-
pnanmuxcn cknosi mfamhw u pyfuny. Onu pomunu hononuficn cnoum
ofkpwfuom c npyiumu, no na konqoponuuu ho opasonanuk cfonk-
nynuci c cuninoumum cohpofunnonuom. H no honumanu honomy.
Mw no ionopunu, nfo nco no hpanw. Ipocfo hwfanuci hoka-
safi, nfo cymocfnykf u npyiuo anifopnafunw. H hohwfancn ofno-
fufi na ux nonoymonuo: Ioumufo: n kynifypo, oochokoonnou ho-
uckamu hpanuninoio ofnofa, ino oynonuo u nosnukakmuo n nom
hponomw yknanwnakf n hpokpycfono noxo kafoiopuu, sannnonuo,
nfo anifopnafun nonoponfno mnoio, snynuf onoo ycfpamakmo, nom
onunonuo n nohpanofo!
knu, oufanmuo n munou, manonikou u fonnou, kak nacw,
Hikfononckou cononnou, wnu nonoponfno nahyianw foopuou
ofnocufoninocfu Ounmfouna c oo mnoxocfnonnocfik hopchokfun.
cnu nosmoxnw npyiuo anifopnafunw, snanuf nof u ycfoununou
poaninocfu. cnu y fon ocfi fu hpocnonyfwo anifopnafunw, fo ino
xo fw 1w hofopnomi con u onimo no ynunumi cnooio ofpaxonun
n sopkano. Hfo fakoo n Hfo fakoo poaninocfi
Ounmfoun ionopun: onunaumum ymam ncoina hpofunocfonf
hocponcfnonnocfu.
Monnn hapanuimw, naxo ocnu fo ncoio numi opynun fpyna unu
choconocfu, nw nnocufo kaxymuocn nunfoxno manwmu usmono-
nun, nnokymuo sa coou aconkfno npyiou nsinnn na poaninocfi,
a fo nocof yiposy ycfonnmumcn nsinnnam na mup...
K coxanonuk, n namou mkoninou cucfomo nknou no ynaf, kak
nymafi. Kakan ponkocfi, ocnu noomo koina-nuo hpuxonufcn nu-
nofi, kak kfo-fo honynaof xopomyk ofmofky sa cnoo cocfnonnoo
ocmwcnonuo hponomw.
Ownno ouonunaofcn no hyfi k ofnofy, a cam ofnof. cnu on
coofnofcfnyof cfannapfam, nw ymnuua. Hamo ncoio focfw copfu-
pykf unu ofqunifponwnakf nknou.
1ocfw hponopnkf no namy choconocfi hponykfunno unu fnop-
nocku mwcnufi, a fo, nackoniko xopomo nw honumaofo u hpunu-
maofo uonnocfu u hponhonoxonun cucfomw.
i52
Onnou us hpunun, hoynunmux cosnafi hpoipammy unamunnou
ouonku, cfano cnonykmoo ofkpwfuo: mnoiuo ownnwo ynonwo focfw
nmocfo ouonku ymcfnonnwx choconocfou ynonukon n noucfnufoninoc-
fu ouonunanu pasnunun kynifypaninwx uonnocfou.
Ipumop fomy onun us ynacfnukon moux comunapon, hpohona-
nafoni mkonw Hynu n unnouckou posopnauuu Hik Mokcuko.
kynifypo napona Hynu honnfuo konnokfuna hpuopofaof iopasno
onoo naxnoo snanonuo, noxonu honnfuo unnununyaninocfu. un-
nwo nocfuxonun no ouonunakfcn fak nwcoko, kak, nahpumop, fo
hpoucxonuf n fuhunno amopukanckou kynifypo. Camwmu nwcmumu
uonnocfnmu nnn Hynu nnnnkfcn panoncfno u unfopocw ipyhhw.
Hahpumop, hocno okonnanun nfopou muponou nounw, koina
mononwo connafw nosnpamanuci c honou cpaxonun, ux no hpunof-
cfnonanu kak fpuymqafopon, onu noomo no hpunumanuci n hnomn,
hoka fo no hononunuci cnoum hpuopofonnwm noonnwm ohwfom co
ncomu: snanun onnoio nonxnw wfi nocfyhnw u npyium.
ofnunuo of npyiux hnomon amopukanckux unnouuon, y Hynu
ononi nuskuu hpouonf cfpanakmux ankoionusmom, hofomy nfo n
cocfonnuu ohinnonun nononok nonof con no fak, kak npyiuo u,
snanuf, fo nohpuomnomwu choco pomonun hponom. C npyiou
cfoponw, y Hynu camwu nwcokuu cponu uckonnwx amopukanckux
kynifyp hpouonf camoyuucfn, hofomy nfo cmopfi onuncfnonnwu
nwxon us kpufunockux cufyauuu nnn fox, komy cfanonufcn nonwno-
cumou fnxocfi kynifypaninwx okon.
Ipohonanafoni us mkonw Hynu pacckasan o nocfafonno cnoxnou
hponomo: hpanufonicfno CHA nnono amopukanckuo cfannapfw oy-
nonun n mocfnou mkono. Cfynonfam nyxno wno nahucafi conuno-
nuo o coo, o cnoux nunnwx nocfuxonunx. mocfo foio onu nahu-
canu o cnoux cominx u hnomonu. Iosxo, koina um wnu npynonw
faonu c ouonkamu, nonnfnanuafi us nnanuafu ocfanuci noxafi na
hapfax, hofomy nfo ouonku cnonanu nknou nopannwmu.
fuhunno sahannou u ocoonno amopukanckou kynifypo ouon-
ka fo naipana, kofopan nonxna cfumynuponafi ynamuxcn (ocnu
ona nnnnofcn nakasanuom, fo hpusnana cfumynuponafi ponufonou).
Iononan mofonuka no ohpannana con n cnynao c naponom Hynu.
cnu umn hpoychonakmoio ynonuka honnnnnoci na cfonno n mkono,
oio cpwnanu co cfonw u n cnonykmom comocfpo ouonku ofnunnu-
ka chonsanu nnus.
Iasnoopasnwo uonnocfu qopmupykf nam honxon k opasona-
nuk. K coxanonuk, nco onu n ocnonnom cocfonf n fom, nfow
naynufi no nymafi, a nwhonnnfi hpanuna honononun.
i5J
Knaccunockuu hpumop fakoio pona kynifypaninwx hponhonoxonuu
nan n cufyauuu Yhpannnkmuu na munyfy. Hokfo hpuxonuf k mkoni-
nomy ynufonk cnooio poonka us-sa nosnukmux y cwna hponom.
ocono c honaioiom on opamaof oio nnumanuo na fo ocfonfonicfno,
nfo mononxopy komhanuu naxno ynocfonopuficn, nfo nco oio honnu-
nonnwo ychomno chpannnkfcn co cnoumu sananamu, u, ocnu nanafi um
ncnwo uonu u uchonisonafi ononunnwo mofonuku, fo fo y nux nynmo
honynaofcn. H safom, ho ananoiuu, hponnaiaof ynufonk pasnafi yno-
nukam nohpocw nwhycknoio focfa n camom nanano comocfpa, nfow fo
snanu, nfo hponcfouf um ysnafi n knacco u, cocfnonno, nnn noio nco
fo cfouf usynafi.
Ynufoni wn hofpncon u usymnon: H foio cnonafi no moiy. 1oina
nco honynaf hnfopku!
Hnano ionopn, ocnu nco noikfcn ychoxa, fo kak moxno ynof
ux pasnunufi Kak ysnafi, kfo coupaofcn wfi nokfopom, a kfo
moxanukom 1akono inyokoo yoxnonuo, cymocfnykmoo n namou
kynifypo.
Iponcfanifo coo koio-nuyni nahonouo Iufnopa, nnosahno
onapyxunmoio cfpamnyk fauny: n fom mupo nam no nyxna hpo-
nocxonnman paca. Hof nwcmux u nusmux, nof noquuufa unfonnok-
fyaninwx u qusunockux pocypcon. Kak xo ysnafi, kfo mw fakuo Kak
opianusonafi omocfno
H opafun nnumanuo namou uccnononafonickou ipyhhw na fo,
nfo, koina hponnaiaomi unwo napuanfw pomonuu n mafomafuko,
yfnopxnan, nfo ocfi u npyiuo anifopnafunw, fo ownno cnwmumi:
Oio, fof haponi concom cnuxnyncn! On nwnofon us poaninocfu u
hapuf na cnoom cnofonom nyno! mafomafuko ncoina foniko onun
hpanuninwu ofnof u foniko onun choco pomonun.
Hsmononuo cosnaof nocfauninocfi. Iyfomocfnuo na nnuxymom-
cn cnofonom nyno hyiaof cunnmoio na acfopouno. Iofomy on sann-
nnof: co fo qanfasuu. 1w nwinnnumi cmomno. Kakan inyhocfi
noomo! Ho ncom nano honynafi hnfopku. Ho kaxnomy wfi ionu-
om. A ncannuk na cnofonom nyno ofnonaof: Hof-nof, n foo noka-
xy, nfo fo fak. H no niy, n no mapnafan. H fyf onapyxunaofcn
saannan nomi. Hom onimo nockux nokasafonicfn on hponnnnnof,
fom onimoo cohpofunnonuo ncfponaof.
H nco fo hofomy, nfo nonwu nsinnn na poaninocfi fo nwson
ncou hpoxnou cnoxunmoucn y nononoka mononu mupa, oio nyncfny
copasmopnocfu u yhopnnononnocfu n fom mupo.
i54
Hin cucfoma koopnunaf hponcfannnof ucfunnyk poaninocfi
Koina Ianunou nhopnwo sannun, nfo 3omnn no nnnnofcn uonfpom
cononnou, oio pocunu n fkpimy, ofnynunu of uopknu u yipo-
xanu cmopfik. H nco hponocfannonnwo um nokasafonicfna foni-
ko ycyiynnnu nono.
cnu kaxnwu moxof cfafi ionuom, fo kfo xo foina ynof ocoon-
nwm, nwcmum cymocfnom Kak ysnafi, komy hoknonnficn Ha koio
cmofpofi cnusy nnopx Ho moxof nco coomocfno cocfonfi us nuno-
pon. Kak pasnunafi npyi npyia Kak ouonufi nunnocfi os uopapxu-
nockou nocfnuuw Kak qopmuponafi hpanufonicfna u opianusauuu,
cucfomy naipan u nakasanuu
ymak, fo cfanonufcn nacfonmou hponomou.
H opafun nnumanuo ynufonou u hcuxonoion, nackoniko hofon-
uuanino iyufoninwmu wnu ux ouonku ynamuxcn. cnu kfo-fo
okaswnaofcn coopasufoninoo nac, fo nu n koou mopo no ymannof
snanonuo namou nunnocfu. Ipoychonakmuu nononok no hponcfan-
nnof us con yiposy, a y nac honnnnofcn foxnonoiun, hosnonnkman
cmononuponafi oio ymonuo, oio ychox.
cnu kfo-fo cunon n chopfo, a nw n mafomafuko fo ofnkni no
honon onficn oio u, fom onoo, cfanonuficn npaiamu. Hu k nomy
nonufi nknou na hpocfakon u unfonnokfyanon. Ounmfoun ionopun:
fo hpokpacno, nfo nco mw (u, coofnofcfnonno, namu hponcfanno-
nun o mupo) fakuo pasnwo ocfi nomy naynuficn! cnu kfo-fo ny-
maof no fak, kak n, cfouf nu usionnfi sa fo us omocfna
Iononoo yoxnonuo nnn mnoiux nknou snynuf ycfpamakmo.
Hauucfckuo unfonnokfyanw u qusuku nahucanu mnoxocfno cfafou,
onunanmux unmfounonckyk foopuk ofnocufoninocfu, oio knu-
iu cxuianuci.
Hfak, ocnu kfo-fo mwcnuf no fak kak mw, kak hocfyhafi u, nos-
npamanci k mkoninomy kchopumonfy, kak ouonunafi cfynonfon
H nnoni mw opamaomcn sa ofnofom k ionuaninomy Ounmfouny.
nuckyccuu c oufafonom acfopouna on moi hpocfo ocfaficn na
cnoom cnofonom nyno u pocufi: w no hpanw. H myf c namu.
Hikfon wn unuofom.
Ho nmocfo foio on ckasan: Hof-nof, n nonxon snafi, nfo fo
fakoo wfi na mocfo npyioio nononoka (na nfopou hosuuuu). Ho
fo no ofnpafuf monn of cocfnonnwx nsinnnon. H koina n onapy-
xy qynnamonfaninwo hponhonoxonun, cosnakmuo fyhukonyk cu-
fyauuk, n hopomomyci na npyiou ypononi (na hpoucxonnmum) u
chpomy: nfo omoio y fux nnyx hpofunohonoxnwx fonok sponun
i55
cnu cononnan u n camom nono hponcfannnof coou npyxocfnonnoo
hpocfpancfno, fo sa ncom fum nonxno cymocfnonafi nonfo onoo o-
moo, onoo inyokoo. Hfo o fom nyman Iochoni boi
cfan na mocfo cohpofunnnkmoiocn ynufonn, ynacfnuku kchopu-
monfa nananu ofkpwnafi nnn con, nfo xo cfouf sa fum cohpofunno-
nuom. Hahpumop, inannou saofou knaccnoio pykononufonn wno cno-
nykmoo: Y monn n knacco 4O5O nononok. H no moiy ynufi kaxnoio n
coofnofcfnuu c oio cfunom oynonun.
Ocnonnoo hponhonoxonuo n fou qpaso: yuume:i nonxon ynufi
nofou n coofnofcfnuu c unnununyaninwmu ocoonnocfnmu kaxno-
io. Ionomy w cfynonfam no ynufi npyi npyia 3nanuo o fom, iui
ynufi no nnnnofcn ucknknufoninou hpununoiuou ynufonn. Haynufi
chocoon no foniko ynufoni. Ckoniko knwx Ounmfounon cunnf n
knaccax no ncom mupo
Inn nohpocon hpunon nac k cnonykmomy nwnony: Cfynonfw no
moiyf ynufi npyi npyia, hofomy nfo onu no onanakf nyxnou un-
qopmauuou nocfafonnwm conopxanuom. osnukaof cnonykmuu
nohpoc: Ionomy w cfynonfam no naynuficn npyi y npyia, iui ynufi-
cn, a ynufoni oochonuf ux fom, umo nano usynafi. Kak okasanoci,
no ncom mkoninom okpyio camwm choconwm ynufonom ho chonnuniy
cfana onunnanuafunofnnn nononka. Ona moina naynufi nkoio,
hpunom fo nocfannnno ou ynononicfnuo. konuo konuon hcuxo-
noiu u ynufonn honnnu, nfo usnananino konqnukf wn poxnon na
yponno uonnocfou: moxny honnopxkou u hponocfannonuom hon-
nomonuu.
C onnou fonku sponun, ocnu y poonka nosnukanu hponomw c
ynoou, fo nuainocfuponanoci kak hponoma c oynonuom, of po-
onka yxo no xnanu camocfonfoninwx pomonuu u okaswnanu omy
nooxonumyk honnopxky. Hochpanonnuno u xocfoko fpoonafi of
poonka onimoio, nom on moxof.
Cymocfnonano u npyioo mnonuo: nochpanonnuno u xocfoko qop-
muponafi y poonka yoxnonuo, nfo on no chocoon ynuficn
mnouq nochoconwu fnnofcn sa nononokom nck xusni, ocoon-
no ocnu no uccnononanuci nco cponcfna u nosmoxnocfu, kofopwo
moinu w cfumynuponafi pocf poonka u hoompufi oio camocfonfoni-
noo mwmnonuo.
Iaccmofpum hponhonoxonun, hposnynanmuo n fux sannnonunx.
Ononunno, nfo oa onu xocfoku u nochpanonnunw ho ofnomonuk
k poonky unfopocw ynonuka no ynfonw noomo! Iponoma pac-
cmafpunaofcn foniko inasamu ynufonn.
i56
Hccnononafonu cfanu pacckaswnafi konnoiam o posynifafax cnoou
paofw c fonku sponun poonka u... cohpofunnonuo ucnosno. Onu ho-
moinu cnoum ohhononfam ncfafi na hosuuuk poonka. Ofo no foniko
nopnyno n paswipwnaomyk hiocy inannoo noucfnykmoo nuuo ynonu-
ka, no u homoino ynufonnm hocmofpofi na mnoioo inasamu poonka
ocfocfnonno, onoo ofkpwfoio u nkosnafoninoio.
bonoo foio, onu ocosnanu, nfo honnfun honnopxunafi u hpo-
nocfannnfi honnomonun no fak yx nocohocfanumw. H foina nana-
noci uccnononanuo camou ohfumaninou cponw oynonun fou, ino
nofnm okaswnanuci u honnopxka, u nonopuo. 1ohopi n knacco nmo-
cfo paofanu u ynufoni, u hcuxonoi (n onimuncfno mkon hcuxo-
noiu ponko hpucyfcfnykf na sannfunx). Ionynun hpano ynufi npy-
iux (hpumonnfi foxnonoiuk kak), cfynonfw okasanuci no mnoiux
cnynanx fananfnunwmu ynufonnmu. Cosnananuci naxo oonunonnwo
oynakmuo hpoipammw, n kofopwx cfynonfw omonunanuci cfpafo-
iunmu.
A ynonuku, cnwnmuo napymufonnmu chokoucfnun, hocfonn-
no pasionapunanmuo no npomn sannfuu, okasanuci nacfonmumu ka-
fanusafopamu nnn usmononuu, honynun hpano conmocfno ynuficn,
nfo honnocfik ofnonano ux hpuponnomy ymonuk omaficn.
Ho foniko ynufonn nochpunnnu fu unou xonmuna, onoo ncox
ofnopianman hpookf, wna nasnanona hponopnfi opasonafoninoo
sakononafonicfno no ncom mfafo.
H hononoo cnynaofcn ncoina, koina hpoucxonnf usmononun.
Iaofan c cucfomamu yoxnonuu n cqopo monuuunw, n cfonknyn-
cn c hoxoxum konqnukfom. Hokofopwo monuku yoxnonw: co
onosnu n fono. 1oniko qusunockoo nmomafonicfno xupypiunoc-
koo u monukamonfosnoo hpunonuf k nwsnoponnonuk. Inyho ny-
mafi, nfo hpoucxonnmoo n ionono umoof k fomy kakoo-nuyni of-
nomonuo. Chpwiunaufo-ka co cnooio cnofonoio nyna.
Ho n ncfponan u npyiux npanou, ionopunmux: Hof, nco nanu-
naofcn c iononw. w nonxnw honnunfi na cnou mosi nopos fono.
amu mwcnu cosnakf onosni.
nn monn fo ncoio numi nno cfoponw onnoio u foio xo mwmno-
nun: nunounoio, hpununno-cnoncfnonnoio, nofopmunucfckoio.
Iponoma no n fom, nfo ucuonnof: pasym unu fono. Inannoo hon-
nopinyfi comnonuk nunounoo nikfonono mwmnonuo n uonoiuu u
hopoufu k onoo cucfomnou mononu, ynufwnakmou ocoonnocfu
pasyma u fona, nonponoiuu u ummynnou cucfomw u f.h.
Hyxno hocfonnno hopocmafpunafi, hopoouonunafi hponhonoxonun,
cfonmuo sa namum mwmnonuom.
Ounmfoun ionopun:
Hnoina mkony hponcfannnkf hpocfo uncfpymonfom nnn
hoponanu ohponononnoio makcumaninoio konunocfna sna-
nuu honpacfakmomy hokononuk. Ho fo no fak. 3nanuo
mopfno mkona cnyxuf xunymum
5
.
honafnnkmuo monfaninwo cfpafoiuu u mwcnufoninwo hpouoc-
cw Ounmfouna cfonf kak hamnfnuku oio nonunuk. H nco xo, kak
honfopnn on cam, naufu ucfuny omo no uoni. Ckopoo, kononnan
uoni oynonun hosnanuo hpouocca.
3nanun onnou numi ucfunw nonocfafonno; snanuo
nonxno hocfonnno ononnnficn, ocnu mw no xofum yfpa-
fufi oio. Ofo nahomunaof mpamopnyk cfafyk, nonpyxon-
nyk n hycfwno, ou nco npomn iposuf wfi hoipoonnou n
hockax. coina pnnom nonxnw wfi ycnyxnunwo pyku,
nfow mpamop hpononxan cunfi na connuo. H mou pyku
nonxnw wfi k fomy hpunacfnw
6
.
Hanokci, fo uccnononanuo homoino cfpnxnyfi nanuhmuo hoc-
nunku c umonu Aniopfa Ounmfouna.
H, ionopn cnonamu camoio ynonoio, mw moinu w chpocufi:
Hof nu ohponononnoio ynonnofnoponun n fom, nfo
xusni ofnoninoio nononoka oipanunona ocfocfnonnwmu
nananom u konuom, a ho sanopmonuu moxof okasaficn
hpousnononuom uckyccfna
?
2usni Aniopfa Ounmfouna, nocomnonno, onun us mononpon n
ucfopuu nonononocfna.
i58
HTATYA
Iponucnonuo
i. AIbort InstoIn, Aurohiogruphicu| ^ores, In AIbort InstoIn, IhIIosophor-
ScIontIst by Artur SchIIpp, ^orthwostorn \nIvorsIty Iross, vanston, III.,
i4, p. J2.
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Iross, Socaucus, ^ow 1orsoy, i56, pp. 2i22O.
OIHC1MOOIHH OHHH1HHA
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2. AIbort InstoIn, Jhe 1e|igiousness of cience, Jhe Yor|J As 1 ee 1r, 1ho
CItadoI Iross, Socaucus, ^ow 1orsoy, iJ4, p. 2.
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CItadoI Iross, Socaucus, ^ow 1orsoy, i56, p. 2i.
4. AIbort InstoIn, Joru|s unJ 1morios, In Out oI My Iator Yoars, 1ho
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5. AIbort InstoIn, Jhe 1uws of cience unJ rhe 1uws of 1rhics, In Out oI My
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. WIIIIam 1amos, 1rinci p|es of 1s)cho|ogicu|, p. i5.
iO. AIbort InstoIn, cience unJ 1e|igion, p. 2425.
ii. AIbort InstoIn, cience unJ 1e|igion, p. 26.
i2. AIbort InstoIn, cience unJ 1e|igion, p. 26.
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i4. AIbort InstoIn, Jhe 1uws of cience unJ rhe 1uws of 1rhics, p. ii5.
i5. AIbort InstoIn, Jhe 1uws of cience unJ rhe 1uws of 1rhics, p. ii5.
i6. AIbort InstoIn, Jhe 1uws of cience unJ rhe 1uws of 1rhics, p. ii5.
i?. AIbort InstoIn, Joru|s unJ 1morios, p. i.
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i5
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2i. A1t11J 11^J11^. A Jun for A|| eusons, p. i6.
22. AIbort InstoIn, Joru|s unJ 1morios, p. i.
2J. A1t11J 11^J11^. A Jun for A|| eusons, p. 6.
24. AIbort InstoIn, ocier) unJ 1ersonu|ir), Jhe Yor|J As 1 ee 1r, 1ho
CItadoI Iross, Socaucus, ^ow 1orsoy, iJ4, pp. 8.
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26. A1t11J 11^J11^. A Jun for A|| eusons, p. iO.
2?. IonaId CIarIo, Ureur 1nvenrors 1iscoveries, MarshaII CavondIsh ooIs
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28. andIor, K. & GrIndor, I., Jhe rrucrure of Jugic !o|. !, ScIonco and
ohavIor ooIs, IaIo AIto, CA, i?5, pp. iJi4.
C1IA1IHH OHHH1HHA H MAKIOMOHIOAHHH
i. AIbort InstoIn, Jhe 1ounJumenrs of Jheorericu| 1h)sics, In Out oI My
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?. AIbort InstoIn, Aurohiogruphicu| ^ores, p. 8?.
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iO. AIbort InstoIn, Aurohiogruphicu| ^ores, In AIbort InstoIn, IhIIosophor-
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ii. AIbort InstoIn, Aurohiogruphicu| ^ores, p. 8.
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iJ. M. Maruyama, JH1 11U^1 1Jt11^1J11. 1eviurion-Amp|if)ing
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i5. M. Maruyama, JH1 11U^1 1Jt11^1J11, p. i?4.
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i?. AIbort InstoIn, Aurohiogruphicu| ^ores, p. 8.
i8. AIbort InstoIn, 1h)sics unJ 1eu|ir), p. J22.
i6O
i. AIbort InstoIn, Aurohiogruphicu| ^ores, p. ?.
2O. AIbort InstoIn, 1h)sics unJ 1eu|ir), p. 22.
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bA3OAH C1IYK1YIA MbCH1bHOH
C1IA1IHH OHHH1HHA
i. Max WorthoImor, 1roJucrive Jhinling, Groonwood Iross, WostpoInt,
ConnoctIcut, nIargod dItIon, i5, p. 228.
2. Max WorthoImor, 1roJucrive Jhinling, p. 228.
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4. AIbort InstoIn, 1h)sics unJ 1eu|ir), p. 2O.
5. Max WorthoImor, 1roJucrive Jhinling, p. 228.
6. AIbort InstoIn, 1errer ro 1ucques HuJumurJ, 1ho CroatIvo Irocoss,
odItod by rowstor GhIsoIIn, Montor ooIs, ^ow AmorIcan IIbrary, ^ow YorI,
^Y, i52, p. 4J.
?. Max WorthoImor, 1roJucrive Jhinling, p. 228.
8. Max WorthoImor, 1roJucrive Jhinling, p. 2i2.
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O33IHHH OHHH1HHA O H3bK
i. AIbort InstoIn, Aurohiogruphicu| ^ores, In AIbort InstoIn, IhIIosophor-
ScIontIst by Artur SchIIpp, ^orthwostorn \nIvorsIty Iross, vanston, III.,
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?. AIbort InstoIn, Jhe 1ommon 1unguuge of cience, p. ii2.
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iO. AIbort InstoIn, Aurohiogruphicu| ^ores, p. .
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i5. AIbort InstoIn, Jhe 1ommon 1unguuge of cience, p. ii2iiJ.
i6i
MHKIOAHAH3 IIOHCCA 1OIHCKOIO
MbHHHH OHHH1HHA
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i6i, p. 6668.
2. AIbort InstoIn, 1e|urivir), p. iO8iO.
J. AIbort InstoIn, 1e|urivir), p. iii.
4. AIbort InstoIn, 1e|urivir), p. iiiii2.
5. AIbort InstoIn, Ueomerr) unJ 1xperience, In:I^S1I^: A Contonary
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Massachusotts, i?, p. 24.
6. AIbort InstoIn, Ueomerr) unJ 1xperience, p. 2?.
?. AIbort InstoIn, Aurohiogruphicu| ^ores, In AIbort InstoIn, IhIIosophor-
ScIontIst by Artur SchIIpp, ^orthwostorn \nIvorsIty Iross, vanston, III.,
i4, p. i.
1OIHH O1HOCH1bHOC1H
i. AIbort InstoIn, 1e|urivir), Crown IubIIshors, Inc., ^ow YorI, ^Y,
i6i, p. i44.
2. IbId, p. .
J. IbId, p. .
4. IbId, p. .
5. IbId, pp i4ii42.
6. IbId, p. iJ6iJ?.
?. IbId, p. iJ8iJ.
8.IbId, p. 2i22.
. IbId, p. 222J.
iO. IbId, p. 2526.
ii. IbId, p. 262?.
i2.IbId, p. iJi4O.
iJ. IbId, p. iJ.
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i?. IbId, p. i4i.
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HKO1OIb ICHXOOIHHCKH ACIK1b
1OIHH O1HOCH1bHOC1H
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^ow YorI, i8J, p. J.
i62
IIHMHHH C1IA1IHH OHHH1HHA
i. ^.. 1hIng ntorprIsos, Ono KondaII Squaro, uIIdIng 2OO, CambrIdgo,
MA, O2iJ.
2. 1ephmuler, IanIoI IycIman, JOO IIrst Avonuo N 4-, ^ow YorI, ii.
3AKKHHH
i. AIbort InstoIn, Un 1Jucurion, In Out oI My Iator Yoars, 1ho CItadoI
Iross, Socaucus, ^ow 1orsoy, i56, p. J6.
2. AIbort InstoIn, Un 1Jucurion, p. J6.
J. AIbort InstoIn, Aurohiogruphicu| ^ores, In AIbort InstoIn, IhIIosophor-
ScIontIst by Artur SchIIpp, ^orthwostorn \nIvorsIty Iross, vanston, III.,
i4, p. i?..
4. AIbort InstoIn, Un 1Jucurion, p. J6.
5. AIbort InstoIn, Un 1Jucurion, p. J2.
6. AIbort InstoIn, Un 1Jucurion, pp. JiJ2.
?. A1t11J 11^J11^, Iomogranato CaIondars & ooIs, Corto Madora,
CA, i86, p. 24.
i6J
Hpnnuxcnnc 1
HCTOHR CO3AHHR
H OCHO8Hb HHHUHHb HH
Hanano HI wno honoxono nuninucfom xonom Ipunnopom u
Iunapnom bnnnopom, usynanmum mafomafuky u iomfanif-fopahuk.
Honi, kofopyk onu hopon coou cfanunu, cosnanuo mononou conop-
monnoio nononoka. cnoou hopnou paofo, lmpyimypu +ueuu (Jhe
rrucrure of Jugic, !o|. 1 11, !7, !7) onu paspaofanu nopani-
nwo u honononnockuo mononu hcuxofopahonfon puua Iopnsa, cosna-
fonn iomfanif-fopahuu, u upnxunuu Cafup, chouuanucfa c muponwm
umonom n onacfu comounou fopahuu. Hx cnonykman paofa Jo0e:u
mexnuiu eunno:u Ju:monu :puiconu (1urrerns of rhe H)pnoric Jechniques
of Ji|ron H. 1riclson, J.1. !o|. 1 11, !7, !7), wna hocnnmona
uccnononanuk nopaninwx u honononnockux mononou Munfona Opuk-
cona, ocnonafonn Amopukanckoio omocfna knununockoio iuhnosa,
onnoio us nauonoo hpusnannwx u ychomno hpakfukykmux hcuxuafpon
namoio npomonu.
Ha ocnono fux pannux paof Ipunnop u bnnnop nanu ohponononuo
cnoou cocfnonnou foxnuko mononuponanun, ykasan unnununyaninwu
nknan kaxnoio n camom oo nasnanuu: Houpo-nuninucfunockoo hpoipam-
muponanuo, cumnonusupykmoo nsaumoofnomonun moxny mosiom,
nswkom u fonom. Ocnonnwo honoxonun nannou mononu wnu usnoxo-
nw n pnno usnanuu: Hs nniymok n hpunuw (1rogs inro 1rinces,
GrIndor, 1., andIor, K., i?); Houpo-nuninucfunockoo hpoipam-
muponanuo (^euro-1inguisric 1rogrumming, !o|. 1; IIIts, K., GrIndor,
1., andIor, K., IoIozIor, 1., i8O); Ioupoumuni (1efruming,
GrIndor, 1., andIor, K., i82); Hononufo mosiamu (Using Jour
truin, andIor, K., i85).
HI ocnonano na nnyx qynnamonfaninwx honoxonunx:
!. Xupmu ne ecmi meppumopun. Honononockuo cymocfna nukoina
no moiyf hocfuni ncou honnofw noucfnufoninocfu. 1o, nfo mw ho-
snaom, numi namo nochpunfuo fou noucfnufoninocfu. Mw co-
i64
snaom hponcfannonuo o okpyxakmom mupo u poaiupyom na noio no-
pos concopnwo pohposonfafunnwo cucfomw. H umonno namu nou-
po-nuninucfunockuo kapfw noucfnufoninocfu, a no cama noucfnu-
foninocfi, ohpononnkf namu hocfyhku u hpunakf um cmwcn. H,
kak hpanuno, no cama noucfnufoninocfi cnopxunaof unu, naoopof,
hoyxnaof nac unfu nhopon, a nama kapfa-ofpaxonuo fou noucfnu-
foninocfu.
2. u:ni u pu:y+ no:numcn cucme+ni+u npoueccu+u. Ipouoc-
cw, hpofokakmuo n nononoko u hpu nsaumonoucfnuu nononoka c ok-
pyxakmou cponou, nnnnkfcn cucfomnwmu. Hamu fona, coomocfna
u cononnan opasykf konoiuk cnoxnwx cucfom u honcucfom, ko-
fopwo hocfonnno nsaumonoucfnykf u nnunkf npyi na npyia. Honos-
moxno honnocfik usonuponafi kakyk-nuo ofnonino nsnfyk nacfi
of ncou ocfaninou cucfomw. Iononwo cucfomw ocnonwnakfcn na
ohponononnwx hpunuuhax camoopianusauuu u, ocfocfnonno, cfa-
pakfcn hpuufu n cocfonnuo ohfumaninoio pannonocun unu iomoo-
cfasuc.
Coinacno HI, ocnonnou hpouocc usmononun nknknaof n con i)
nwnnnonuo nucmonueeo cocmonnun nononoka, 2) honknknonuo nooxo-
numwx u nocfafonnwx pecypcoo nnn uononahpannonnoio hopoxona foio
nononoka n J) e:ue+oe cocmonnue.
Hac1onee coc1onnne Heoxopnmme pecypcm Xenaemoe coc1onnne
Kafoiopuu u mofonw HI opianusonanw fakum opasom, nfow
nwnnufi u ohpononufi nacfonmuo u xonaomwo cocfonnun pasnunnoio
fuha u yponnn, ouonufi u uchonisonafi nooxonumwo u nocfafonnwo
pocypcw nnn oochononun qqokfunnwx u konoiunnwx usmononuu,
nonymux k xonaomomy cocfonnuk.
Hcpnnax cnc1cva
wcmuo opianusmw koopnunupykf cnoo honononuo u opianusykf
cnou nnomnuu ohwf naionapn nopnnou cucfomo. Hopnnyk cucfomy
nononoka moxno ycnonno pasnonufi na hpu ocnonnwx honofnona: i)
uonfpaninyk nopnnyk cucfomy; 2) hopuqopunockyk nopnnyk cucfomy
u J) anfonomnyk nopnnyk cucfomy.
Jenmpu:inun neponun cucme+u nknknaof n con iononnou u chun-
nou mosi. Ona yhpannnof paofou mwmu u nnuxonuom u accouuupyof-
cn c cosnafoninwm mwmnonuom u noucfnuom.
i65
1epuqepuueciun neponun cucme+u nknknaof n con ofnofnnonun chun-
noio mosia u opianw nyncfn. Iocfyhakmyk of opianon nyncfn, mwmu
u xonos unqopmauuk o nnomnou cpono ona hoponaof n uonfpaninyk
nopnnyk cucfomy, a of noo n opafnom nahpannonuu.
Aomono+nun neponun cucme+u hponcfannnof coou nopnnyk cofi,
ofxonnmyk of chunnoio mosia u cnnsannyk c pnnom occosnafoni-
nwx qynkuuu, fakux kak: fopmopoiynnuun, kponoopamonuo, cnkno-
ofnononuo, poaiuponanuo aipoccuou unu oicfnom, a fakxo c npyiumu
mouuonaninwmu unu nwxunakmumu cocfonnunmu.
Honfpaninan nopnnan cucfoma nwhonnnof mwcnufoninwo hpo-
ipammw, hnanw u cfpafoiuu hpu hocponnunocfno hopuqopunockou
nopnnou cucfomw. Anfonomnan nopnnan cucfoma ohpononnof cocfo-
nnuo uonoiunockoio mamunnoio oochononun, n kofopom hpo-
ucxonuf poanusauun fux hpoipamm. Xofn onimuncfno nknou ho-
cfonnno nakf coo ofnof n cnoux omymonunx, mwcnnx u noucfnunx,
nonfoninocfi anfonomnou nopnnou cucfomw hpofokaof, kak hpanu-
no, occosnafonino.
cnkan nonononockan nonfoninocfi u nkou ohwf: poni, mwmno-
nuo, honumanuo, hpuom humu, nwhonnonuo paofw, con u f.n.
moiyf wfi nwpaxonw naionapn nsaumonoucfnuk fux fpox honpas-
nonon nopnnou cucfomw. Oynonuo nnnnofcn qynkuuou opasonanun
koioponfnwx mononou opianusauuu u nsaumonoucfnun n hpononax
nannwx fpox nouponoiunockux honcucfom.
Ocnunuuunaramax c1pyk1ypa uunccnnx:
Mucnt TOT
Mwcnufoninan cfpafoiun, kak hpanuno, opianusyofcn n knaccu-
nockyk mononi opafnou cnnsu, naswnaomyk 1O1 (MIIIor, ot aI,
i6O). TOT nnnnofcn aponuafypou of Jesr-Uperure-Jesr-1xir
(1ocf-Ohopauun-1ocf-nwxon). Konuohuun 1O1 ocnonana na
yfnopxnonuu, nfo nco mwcnufoninwo u honononnockuo hpoipammw
npamakfcn nokpyi ycmunoo:ennou ue:u u oupiupye+ix cpe0cmo ee 0o-
cmuenun. annan mononi hokaswnaof, nfo n hpouocco mwmnonun
mw cosnafonino unu occosnafonino namonaom coo uonu u paspa-
afwnaom focfw hponopky (1ost), c homomik kofopou ohpononn-
om, nocfuinyfa nu nannan uoni. cnu nof, mw noucfnyom (Oporato),
nfo-nuo usmonnn unu conopman nnn hpunuxonun k cnoou uonu.
Koina xo kpufopuu namou hponopku ynonnofnoponw, fo mw nwxo-
num na cnonykmuu fah.
i66
1akum opasom, qynkuun nkoio konkpofnoio pasnona hononon-
nockou hpoipammw moxof saknknaficn nuo n hponopko (Tost) un-
qopmauuu of opianon nyncfn c uonik nwncnonun, nackoniko uoni
hpunusunaci, nuo n noucfnuu (Oporato), nahpannonnom na nac-
funnoo usmononuo fokymoio ohwfa, fak nfow on moi ynonnofno-
pufi onoponnou hponopko (Tost) c nwxonom (xIt) na cnonykmuu fah
hpoipammw.
Hahpumop, n fnopnockou nonfoninocfu onnum us 1cc1un moxof wfi
ohponononuo opuiunaninocfu unou. cnu nwnnunyfan namu konuoh-
uun nonocfafonno opuiunanina, fo nw conopmaofo cc1nnc, fo ocfi
hocfapaofoci hpunafi cnoou unoo onimo opuiunaninocfu, nuo hon-
nocfik ofkaswnaofoci of noo u hwfaofoci hpunymafi nfo-nuyni nonoo.
coofnofcfnuu c mononik 1O1, ncnkan qqokfunnan nonfoni-
nocfi honpasymonaof nanunuo cnonykmoio:
i. Ycfoununou uonu n ynymom.
2. Hanunuo omymonuu, cnunofonicfnykmux o hpunuxonuu k
uonu.
J. apiupyomoio naopa cponcfn nnn nocfuxonun uonu u hono-
nonnockou iukocfu.
Huinunn nucupnx1nx
Iosuuunmu nochpunfun naswnakfcn fo ocnonnwo fonku sponun,
kofopwo moiyf wfi hpunnfw namu hpu paccmofponuu nsaumoofno-
monuu moxny namu u npyium nononokom.
1epoun no:uuun. Accouuupyofcn c namou cocfnonnou fonkou
sponun, yoxnonunmu u hocfynafamu, c nunonuom okpyxakmoio
mupa namumu cocfnonnwmu inasamu. C fou hosuuuu nw ionopufo
o coo n hopnom nuuo: H nuxy, H nyncfnyk u f.n.
tmopun no:uuun. Accouuupyofcn c fonkou sponun, yoxnonun-
mu u uonnocfnmu npyioio nononoka, c nunonuom okpyxakmoio mupa
oio inasamu. C fou hosuuuu nw ionopufo o coo camom n hopnou
hosuuuu no nfopom nuuo: w nunufo, w nyncfnyofo u f.n.
Jpemin no:uuun. Accouuupyofcn c fonkou sponun, noxamou nno
nsaumoofnomonuu moxny namu u npyium nuuom, no c yoxnonun-
mu u uonnocfnmu kak hopnou, fak u nfopou hosuuuu. C fou hosu-
uuu nw ionopufo o coo camom n hopnou hosuuuu u o npyiom nononoko
n fpofiom nuuo: On naxonufcn, Onu nyncfnykf u f.n.
i6?
Jemuno:uuun. Accouuupyofcn c fpofiou hosuuuou, no pasnonn-
of yoxnonun u uonnocfu foniko onnou us nnyx npyiux hosuuuu noc-
hpunfun.
1o:uuun nu:u0ume:n. Accouuupyofcn c fpofiou hosuuuou, no
c pasnonnof hponhonoxonun, yoxnonun u uonnocfu hopnou u nfo-
pou hosuuuu nochpunfun.
Ypunnn upuucccun n upranniaunn
knu nacfo yhomunakf o pasnunnwx ypoonnx poaiuponanun na
hpoucxonnmoo. Hahpumop, nokfo moxof ckasafi, nfo onun u fof xo
ohwf wn noiafunnwm na onnom yponno, no hosufunnwm na npyiom.
cfpoonuu namoio mosia, n nswko u cucfomax nochpunfun cymocfny-
kf ocfocfnonnwo uopapxuu unu yponnu concopnoio ohwfa. Ioni
kaxnoio yponnn saknknaofcn n opianusauuu u yhpannonuu unqopma-
uuou na nuxonoxamom yponno. Kakuo-nuo usmononun na onoo
nwcokom yponno nousoxno hpunonyf k usmononunm na nuxonoxa-
mux yponnnx. Kakuo-nuo usmononun na onoo nuskom yponno mo-
iyf (no no onsafonino nonxnw) ckasaficn na nwmonoxamux ypon-
nnx. Anfpohonoi Ipoiopu boufcon nwnonun nofwpo ocnonnwx yponnn
oynonun u usmononun, us nux kaxnwu hocnonykmuu onoo ofnno-
nonnwu, nom hponwnymuu, no onanaof onimum nosnoucfnuom na
unnununa. Ofu yponnu coofnofcfnykf hpunusufonino cnonykmomy:
uuimopi oipyuuueu cpe0i ohpononnkf nnomnuo nos-
moxnocfu unu oipanunonun, na kofopwo nononok nonxon po-
aiuponafi. Ofnonakf na nohpocw rc u kura
1ooe0enue cknanwnaofcn us ocooio pona noucfnuu u hpo-
funonoucfnuu ho ofnomonuk k okpyxakmomy mupy. Ofno-
naof na nohpoc 41u
lnoconocmu ykaswnakf nahpannonuo honononnockum
noucfnunm u pykononnf umu hocponcfnom monfaninou kap-
fw, hnana unu cfpafoiuu. Ofnonakf na nohpoc kak
Je0enun u uennocmu oochonunakf |mopaninyk| hon-
nopxky (mofunauuk u paspomonuo), kofopan nuo conoucfny-
of, nuo hpofunoponuf choconocfnm. Ofnonakf na nohpoc
uu4cvy
H0enmuunocmi ohpononnof omyk uoni (muccuk) u
hpunaof konkpofnyk qopmy yoxnonunm u uonnocfnm no-
i68
pos namo omymonuo cocfnonnoio n. Ofnonaof na noh-
poc k1u
,yxooniu ypooeni coofnocufcn c fom qakfom, nfo mw nn-
nnomcn nacfik onoo macmfanou cucfomw, nwxonnmou sa
pamku namou cocfnonnou nunnocfu u pachpocfpannkmoucn
na namy comik, omocfno u inoaninwo cucfomw. Ofnonaof
na nohpoc k1u cmc
K yponnk okpyxonun hpunucnnkfcn fakxo u ocowo nnomnuo
ycnonun, hpu kofopwx conopmakfcn namu hocfyhku. K hocfyh-
kam, no umokmum kakou-nuo nahpannnkmou nnyfponnou kap-
fw-ofpaxonun, cfpafoiuu unu hnana, moxno ofnocfu, nahpu-
mop, poakuuk kononnoio cycfana, hpunwnku, pufyanw u f.h. Ha
yponno choconocfou mw moxom nwupafi, usmonnfi u hpucho-
canunafi ohponononnwu knacc hocfyhkon k onoo mupokomy chok-
fpy nnomnux cufyauuu. Ha yponno yoxnonuu u uonnocfou
hpunumafi, ofnopiafi unu ionopanusuponafi ohponononnyk
cfpafoiuk, hnan unu opas mwmnonun. Hnonfunnocfi, pasymo-
ofcn, konconunupyof nck cucfomy yoxnonuu u uonnocfou n
omymonuo cocfnonnoio n. Io mopo foio, kak kaxnwu hocno-
nykmou ypononi cfanonufcn nco onoo ofnnononnwm of honono-
nun u concopnoio ohwfa, on nanunaof okaswnafi nco onoo mu-
pokoo nosnoucfnuo u na mononu honononun, u na ohwf.
Heupo:oeuueciue ypoonu
Kaxnwu us nannwx yponnou fpoyof unoio chocoa opianusauuu u
hocnononafonino hpunonuf k nco onoo u onoo inyokou mounusauuu
u nonnononnocfu nopnnwx uohou.
yxonnwu 1o:oepuquueciuu Hopnnan cucfoma kak
onunoo uonoo.
A. Hnonfunnocfi H++ynnun u :n0oipunnun cucme+i
axnoumuo xusnonnwo qynkuuu.
b. Yoxnonun Aomono+nun neponun cucme+u (f.o. cop-
nuouonuo, pacmuponuo spankon u f.n.) boccosnafoni-
nwo poakuuu.
. Choconocfu Xopiooie cucme+i Ionycosna-
foninwo noucfnun (nnuxonun inas, hosa u f.n.).
i6
I. Iocfyhku Jomopnun cucme+u (nupu+u0u:inun u +o:-
euoi) Cosnafoninwo noucfnun.
. Okpyxakman cpona 1epuqepuueciun neponun cucme-
+u Omymonun u poqnokfopnwo poakuuu.
Kurnn1nnnuc ua11cpnu: vucnt ROL
Honi hpouocca mononuponanun KOI cocfouf n unonfuqukauuu
nauonoo cymocfnonnwx nomonfon mwmnonun u honononun, hpu-
nonnmux, kak hpanuno, k konkpofnou poakuuu unu posynifafy. nn
foio fpoyofcn ohpononufi nauonoo naxnwo fahw ymcfnonnou cfpa-
foiuu u fy poni, kofopyk kaxnwu us nux uipaof no ncou nouponoiu-
nockou hpoipammo. Ofa poni ohpononnofcn cnonykmumu nofwpimn
qakfopamu, us nananinwx ykn (aninuuckux) nasnanuu kofopwx u co-
cfouf aponuafypa mononu KOI 1enpe:emumuonie cucme+i
(Xepresenrurionu| )srems); Upuenmuuun (Orienrurion); lon:u (1inls); :q-
qeimi (ffecrs).
cupcicn1a1nnnuc cnc1cvu {R) honpasymonakf, kakuo us hnfu
nyncfn nomunupykf na kaxnom konkpofnom mwcnufoninom faho
cfpafoiuu: 3ponuo (YIsuaI), Cnyx (AudItory), Kunocfofuka (KIno-
sthotIc), Oonnnuo (OIIactory), kyc (Gustatory).
Kaxnan pohposonfafunnan cucfoma nochpunumaof nokofopwo oc-
nonnwo kanocfna omymaomwx ok concopnwx ohwfon. K num ofno-
cnfcn fakuo xapakfopucfuku, kak uoem, npiocmi, mon, epo+iocmi,
me+nepumypu, 0uo:enue u f.n. HI nannwo kanocfna naswnakf-
cn cymonaninocfnmu, onu nnnnkfcn komhononfamu kaxnou us
pohposonfafunnwx cucfom.
Opncn1aunx {O) ohpononnof, nahpannona nu nannan concopnan
pohposonfauun nonno, fo ocfi na nnomnuu mup, unu nonnyfpi na
sahonafnonnwo unu ckoncfpyuponannwo concopnwo ohwfw. Ha-
hpumop, koina nw nunufo nonfo, nw moxofo ohpononufi nnn con,
ino ono naxonufcn: no nnomnom mupo, n namou hamnfu unu n noo-
paxonuu
Cnxin {L) ohpononnkf fo, kak konkpofnwu mai, unu concopnan
pohposonfauun, cnnsanw c npyiumu pohposonfauunmu. Hahpumop,
nanknaofcn nu no nnomnom okpyxonuu nfo-nuo cnnsannoo c nnyf-
ponnumu omymonunmu, nusyaninwmu nochomunanunmu unu cnona-
i?O
mu Cnnsano nu kakoo-nuyni konkpofnoo nyncfno co ckoncfpyupo-
nannwmu opasamu, aynuaninwmu nochomunanunmu unu npyiumu
nyncfnamu
Cymocfnyof nna ocnonnwx chocoa cnnswnafi pohposonfauuu moxny
coou hocnononafoninwu u hapannoninwu. Iocnononafoninwo cnn-
su nwcfyhakf n ponu niopeu unu fpuiiopon fo ocfi onna pohposon-
fauun cnonyof sa npyiou n nohpopwnnou nunounou hocnononafoninocfu
cowfuu.
Iapannoninwo cnnsu hpucyfcfnykf n fak naswnaomwx cunecme:u-
nx. Ipu cunocfosuu pohposonfauuu kak w naknanwnakfcn npyi na
npyia. Hokofopwo offonku poaninwx omymonuu moiyf wfi coonu-
nonw c qpaimonfamu noopaxaomwx kanocfn nahpumop, moxno nu-
syanusuponafi offonok snyka unu ycnwmafi unof.
Kononno, oa nuna cnnsu hpucymu hpouoccy mwmnonun, oy-
nonun, fnopnocfna u opianusauuu namoio ohwfa n uonom.
Oggck1 {) cnonufcn k posynifafy unu uonu kaxnoio ofnonino
nsnfoio faha mwcnufoninoio hpouocca. Hahpumop, qynkuun of-
noninoio faha moxof saknknaficn n ionopuponanuu unu nnononuu
concopnou pohposonfauuu; hponopko unu ouonko konkpofnou con-
copnou pohposonfauuu; usmononuu kakou-nuo nacfu ohwfa unu
honononun nnn nocfuxonun uonu.
Hcnxunurn4ccknc kn4n: u1 vucnn ROL
k vucnn 8AGL
Onomonfw mononu KOI cocponofononw inannwm opasom na
koinufunnwx hpouoccax. Onnako nnn poaninoio qynkuuonuponanun
nannwm monfaninwm hpoipammam nooxonumo ohponononnoo fono-
cnoo u hcuxunockoo nohnomonuo. usunockuo poakuuu naxnw hpu
paspaofko u oynonuu ohponononnwm ymcfnonnwm hpouoccam, a fak-
xo hpu nanknonuu u nwnnnonuu hpoucxonnmux hpouoccon. Ocnon-
nwo honononnockuo nomonfw, uchonisyomwo n mononu KOI, cno-
nykmuo:
Iosa (8ody Iosturo)
Knknu nocfyha (AccossIng cuos)
2ocfw (Gosturos)
nuxonuo inas (yo movomonts)
Hswkonwo haffopnw (Languago Iattorns)
1. Huia {8). knu, hoipyxonnwo n inyokyk sanymnunocfi, nacfo
hpunumakf hpunwnnwo nnn con hosw, kofopwo, n cnok onoponi, moiyf
mnoioo ckasafi o uchonisyomwx nononokom pohposonfafunnwx cucfo-
max. Ipunonom nockoniko fuhunnwx hpumopon:
a) nniyantnax: my:oouue omiunymo nu:u0, eo:oou npu-
no0nnmu, n:euu npn+ie u:u c:eeiu onyueni, 0ixunue ne-
e:yoioe.
) aynantnax: my:oouue nui:oneno onepe0, eo:oou om-
iunymu nu:u0, n:euu muie omoe0eni nu:u0, pyiu cipeueni
nu epy0u.
n) knncc1c1n4cckax: eo:oou u n:euu onyueni, 0ixunue
e:yoioe.
2. Kn4n uc1yua {A). Koina nononok pasmwmnnof, nknknakf-
cn ohponononnwo fuhw pohposonfauuu, nahpumop, nacfofa nwxa-
nun, nonopaninwo nsnoxu u oxu, mumunockuo usmononun, mon-
kanio haniuamu, honocwnanuo n safwnko u f.n.
Hokofopwo us fux hponnnonuu, unu knknou, nocnf unnununy-
aninwu xapakfop u fpoykf kanuponku nnn kaxnoio konkpofno-
io nononoka. 1om no monoo, mnoiuo us nux accouuupykfcn c konk-
pofnwmu concopnwmu hpouoccamu:
a) nniyantnuv: nooepxnocmnoe yuuuennoe 0ixunue, cio-
menniu o:e:n0, nooimenniu mon eo:ocu u yciopenniu me+n
peuu;
) aynantnuv: 0uuqpue+ennoe 0ixunue, poou c0ouny-
mi, +ennuuuecn mon eo:ocu u me+n peuu;
n) knncc1c1n4ccknv: e:yoioe 0ixunue uoomo+, eo-
:oc e:yoiuu c npu0ixunue+, :u+e0:enniu me+n peuu.
J. cc1u {G). 3anacfyk nononok hpukocnononunmu unu unwmu
xapakfopnwmu xocfamu ykaswnaof na concopnwo cucfomw, sanou-
cfnonannwo n hpouocco mwmnonun. K nauonoo fuhunnwm hpumo-
pam ofnocnfcn:
a) nniyantnuc: npuiocnooenun i yeo:iu+ e:u: u ecmi nu0
e:u:u+u;
i?2
) aynantnuc: ecmi o cmopony ymeu, npuiocnooenun i
eyu+ u:u no0opo0iy;
n) knncc1c1n4ccknc: npuiocnooenun i epy0u u uoomy,
ecmi nue ypoonn meu.
4. nnxcnnc rnai {). Mwcnufoninwo hpouoccw nacfo cohponox-
nakfcn anfomafunockumu occosnafoninwmu nnuxonunmu inas, nfo
ykaswnaof na ynacfuo n hpouocco onnou us pohposonfafunnwx cuc-
fom. HI nannwo hpusnaku namnu cnoo nwpaxonuo n cnonyk-
mou cxomo:
Dpnnn1an n HRD cxema pnnxennn rnaa
4. Riukunuc ua11cpnu {L). Ocnonnou mofon noupo-nuninuc-
funockoio ananusa saknknaofcn n houcko konkpofnwx nuninuc-
funockux qopm, fakux kak hponukafw, ykaswnakmux na konk-
pofnyk nouponoiunockyk pohposonfafunnyk cucfomy unu
cymonaninocfi, u na fo, kak nannan cucfoma unu cymonaninocfi
uchonisyofcn n mwcnufoninom hpouocco. K hponukafam ofnocnf-
cn fakuo nacfu ponu, kak inaionw, naponun u hpunaiafoninwo,
kofopwo oosnanakf noucfnun u kanocfna n hpofunohonoxnocfi
hponmofam. Iponhonfonuo fox unu unwx hponukafon, kak hpa-
nuno, ocymocfnnnofcn occosnafonino u, fakum opasom, poni
nwnnnnof hpouoccw, hpoucxonnmuo n nononoko, oio inyunnwo
cfpykfypw. Huxo hpunonufcn chucok nauonoo fuhunnwx hpo-
nukafon.
Bnsyanunoe
konc1pynpoeanne (V
c
)
Aypnanunoe
konc1pynpoeanne (A
c
)
Knnec1e1neckn (K)
Bnsyanunoe
eocnounnanne (V
r
)
Aypnanunoe
eocnounnanne (A
r
)
Aypnanuno-
pnrn1anunu (A
d
)
8H3YAbHb AYHAbHb KHHCTTHHCKH
nunofi cnwmafi xnafafi
innnofi cnymafi hpukacaficn
nanknafi snynafi nyncfnykmuu
ncnwu posonupykmuu fnopnwu
npkuu ipomkuu fnxonwu
puconafi nwpaxafi opamaficn
cmyfnwu mymnwu ipywu
nwcnonunafi snonuf coonunnfi
hokaswnafi ionopuf nnuiaficn
8ny1pcnnnc cuc1uxnnx
HI cocponofonunaof ycunun na nwnnnonuu, uchonisonanuu u
usmononuu haffopnon mwcnufoninwx u qusuonoiunockux hpouoccon,
nnunkmux na honononuo nknou, u houcko hyfou ynynmonun qqok-
funnocfu u kanocfna ux xusnu u nonfoninocfu. Ocnonnan hponho-
cwnka HI cocfouf n fom, nfo nonononockuu mosi honoon komhi-
kfopy: on nwhonnnof hpoipammw unu mwcnufoninwo cfpafoiuu,
cocfonmuo us cfpoiou hocnononafoninocfu ykasanuu, unu nnyfpon-
nux pohposonfauuu. Ofnoninwo hpoipammw unu cfpafoiuu nynmo
npyiux honxonnf nnn nwhonnonun ohponononnwx sanan, u umonno of
uchonisyomou cfpafoiuu n oipomnou cfohonu sanucuf, ynof nu
xusni u nonfoninocfi unnununa nom-fo nwnakmumcn unu nhonno
saypnnnwm.
Oqqokfunnocfi u choconocfi nwhonnufi konkpofnyk monfani-
nyk hpoipammy n snanufoninou cfohonu ohpononnkfcn hcuxunockum
cocfonnuom nononoka. Komhikfop no cmoxof nwhonnufi hpoipam-
my, ocnu n nom umokfcn nohonanku. 1o xo camoo chpanonnuno u
nnn nonononockoio mosia. Ypononi hcuxonoiunockoio honoma unu
yhanka, nochpuumnunocfu, cfpocca ohpononnkf qqokfunnocfi
nwhonnonun nononokom monfaninwx hpoipamm. Hacfofa copnuou-
onun u nwxanun, hosa, kponnnoo nannonuo, mwmonnoo nahpnxo-
nuo, nnuiafoninan poakuun u poakuun koxnwx hokponon nof
hpumopw qusunockux hapamofpon, nwswnakmux u cohponoxnakmux
usmononun n hcuxunockom cocfonnuu. HI fu hapamofpw uc-
honisykf nnn unonfuqukauuu, mononuponanun u oynonun, ho-
snonnn nononoky namoponno, ho cocfnonnomy xonanuk nwswnafi y
i?4
con hcuxonoiunockoo cocfonnuo conopmoncfna, ohfumaninoo nnn
kaxnoio.
1akum opasom, nnyfponnoo cocfonnuo nunnocfu okaswnaof oni-
moo nnunnuo na oio choconocfi ychomno noucfnonafi n nkou o-
cfanonko.
Rkupcnnc
Xiopenue fo hpouocc, na hopnwu nsinnn nahomunakmuu mofon
nwpaofku ycnonnwx poqnokcon Iannona, cnnswnakmuu snonok u
cnknoofnononuo y coak nno sanucumocfu of foio, honynakf onu ncnon
sa snonkom humy unu nof. Onnako, n uxonuopucfckou qopmynuponko
cfumyn ncoina nnnnofcn nnomnum cuinanom, a poakuun ocowm ho-
nononnockum akfom. Hx accouuauun paccmafpunaofcn n kanocfno poq-
nokcunnou u no nnnnofcn hponmofom nwopa.
HI fopmun niopenue ofnocufcn k hpouoccy nwpaofku
cnnsou moxny nomonfamu mononu KOI u umoof onoo mupokoo
snanonuo, pachocfpannnci u na npyiuo noiunockuo yponnu, homu-
mo Okpyxonun u Ionononun. Hahpumop, nosnukman n hamnfu kap-
funa moxof cfafi nkopom nnn konkpofnoio nnyfponnoio omymo-
nun. Ipukocnononuo k pyko moxof cfafi nkopom nnn nusyaninou
qanfasuu unu naxo yoxnonun, fon ionoca nnn cocfonnun nosyx-
nonun unu ynoponnocfu. Hononok moxof cosnafonino nwpaofafi u
hpunonufi n noucfnuo fu accouuauuu. Hkopi nnnnofcn cponcfnom
camoconopmoncfnonanun, a nohpocfo occosnafoninwm poqnokcom.
Ononunno, nfo nkoponuo moxof cfafi ononi honosnwm cponcfnom nnn
nwpaofku u ycunonun fnopnockux hpouoccon.
Hamo ncoio nkopn nwpaafwnakfcn hyfom hpocfoio conmomonun no
npomonu nnyx pasnunnwx ohwfon. Ha yponno honononun accouuauuu
moxny nnymn cowfunmu, nnnonunmu cfanonnfcn onoo cfauninwmu
u sakpohnnkfcn, ocnu mw honfopnom hocnononafoninocfi nknknonun
nkopou nockoniko pas. Hahpumop, nw moxofo hohpocufi koio-nuo
xuno hponcfanufi coo fo npomn, koina on (unu ona) hponnun noown-
nwo fnopnockuo choconocfu u hoxnohafi oio ho hnony, koina on nyma-
of o fom. cnu nw honfopufo fo nnaxnw unu fpuxnw, hoxnohwna-
nuo ho hnony ynof anfomafunocku nwswnafi y nononoka fnopnockoo
cocfonnuo.
i?5
C1pa1crnn
1. Oupccncnnc 1cpvnna "c1pa1crnx":
a) Ipoucxonuf of iponockoio cnona srruregos, osnanakmoio:
ooenuuu:inui,
nayka, uckyccfno nononun nounw,
uciyccmoo pyiooo0cmou ouecmoennou, no:umuueciou opiou.
) ofaninwu hnan nocfuxonun uonu unu nwionnoio honoxonun.
n) HI fopmun cmpumeeun uchonisyofcn nnn oosnanonun
maion mwcnufoninoio hpouocca unu hpoipammw (n fom xo cmwcno,
nfo komhikfopnan hpoipamma), nonymou k konkpofnou uonu unu
posynifafy. Ha kaxnom maio cfpafoiuu uchonisyofcn onno us hnfu
nyncfn unu penpe:enmumuonix cucme+.
2. Knaccu c1pa1crn:
a) Iamnfi
) Ipunnfuo pomonuu
n) Oynonuo
i) 1nopnocfno
n) Mofunauun
o) Ioaninocfi
x) Yoxnonuo
J. Hpuucypa c1pa1crnn:
a) Hsnnononuo
) Hchonisonanuo
n) Iaspaofka
i) nonponuo Ioopianusauun
4. C1pyk1ypa c1pa1crnn:
a) Oman cucfoma mononu
O6pa1nan censu
Beop O6pa6o1ka nnqopuaunnJPenpesen1aunn Bueop
i?6
) Cfpykfypa cfpafoiuu HI
HBHEUHEE
COCTOHHHE
OHEPAUHH N 1
BBXO
BXO
?
neyeepennoc1u
OHEPAUHH N 2
+
coenapenne
necoenapenne
TOHKA
HPHHHTHH
PEUEHHH
TECT
XERAEMOE
COCTOHHHE
i??
Hpnnuxcnnc 2
OCHO8Hb HCYHHO3HUHH HH
Kap1a nc cc1t 1cppn1upnx
i. knu poaiupykf na cnoo cocfnonnoo nochpunfuo poanino-
cfu.
2. Kaxnwu nononok onanaof cnoou cocfnonnou unnununyaninou
kapfou mupa. Hukakan ofnoninan kapfa-ofpaxonuo mupa no nnnnofcn
onoo honnunnou unu nacfonmou, nom nkan npyian.
J Cmwcn kommynukauuu saknknaofcn n poakuuu, kofopyk ono
nwswnaof, nosanucumo of namoponuu kommynukafopa.
4. Hauonoo mynpwo u npyxocfnonnwo kapfw fo, kofopwo
hponocfannnkf nauonoo mupokuu u oiafwu nwop nosmoxnocfou,
a no fo, nfo nnnnkfcn nauonoo honnunnwmu unu fonnwmu
5. knu yxo onanakf (ho kpaunou mopo, hofonuuanino) nco-
mu pocypcamu, nooxonumwmu nnn qqokfunnwx noucfnuu.
6. koo honononuo naxo camoo xocfokoo, cymacmonmoo u
nonoopasumoo hponcfannnof coou nwop nynmoio napuanfa us
umokmuxcn n nannwu momonf, ucxonn us nosmoxnocfou u choco-
nocfou nononoka, ohpononnomwx oio mononik mupa.
?. Hsmononun hpoucxonnf hpu nwcnooxnonuu unu hpunononuo
n noucfnuo honxonnmux pocypcon n pamkax konkpofnoio konfokcfa,
naionapn ooiamonuk kapfw mupa nannoio nononoka.
nint n "paiyv" xnnx1cx cnc1cvnuvn upuucccavn
i. Ipouoccw, hpoucxonnmuo n nononoko u hpu nsaumonoucfnuu
nononoka c okpyxakmou cponou, nnnnkfcn cucfomnwmu. Hamu
fona, coomocfna u cononnan opasykf konoiuk cnoxnwx cucfom
u honcucfom, kofopwo hocfonnno nsaumonoucfnykf u nnunkf npyi
na npyia.
i?8
2. Honosmoxno honnocfik usonuponafi kakyk-nuo nacfi cucfomw
of ncou ocfaninou cucfomw. knu no moiy no okaswnafi nnunnun npyi
na npyia. saumonoucfnun moxny nknimu opasykf fakuo uohu opaf-
nou cnnsu, nfo nononok na camom coo uchwfwnaof posynifafw nosnou-
cfnun oio hocfyhkon na npyiux nknou.
J. Cucfomw nnnnkfcn camoopianusykmumucn u cfpomnfcn k oc-
focfnonnomy cocfonnuk ypannonomonnocfu u cfauninocfu. Hof ho-
paxonuu ocfi foniko opafnan cnnsi.
4. Hukakan poakuun, ohwf unu hocfyhok no umokf cmwcna nno
cnooio konfokcfa unu nno ofknuka, kofopwu onu sa coou nnokyf.
koo honononuo, ohwf unu poakuun moiyf cnyxufi pocypcom unu
oipanununakmum qakfopom, n sanucumocfu of foio, nackoniko onu
coinacykfcn c ocfaninou cucfomou.
5. Ho nco nsaumonoucfnun n cucfomo hpoucxonnf na onnom u fom
xo yponno. 1o, nfo nnnnofcn hosufunnwm na onnom yponno, moxof
okasaficn noiafunnwm na npyiom. ocima honosno ofnonnfi cnou
hocfyhok of cocfnonnoio n, fo ocfi honoxufoninwo namoponun,
qynkuuk, yoxnonun u f.h., nwswnakmuo nannwu hocfyhok, of
camoio hocfyhka.
6. koo honononuo (na ohponononnwx yponnnx) umoof hosu-
funnoo namoponuo. Ono nochpunumaofcn unu nochpunumanoci kak
honoxufoninwo u hpuomnomwo n fom konfokcfo, ino onu honynunu
pasnufuo, u c fonku sponun nononoka, conopmunmoio noucfnuo.
Iopasno noino u hponykfunnou poaiuponafi na namoponuo, nom na
hponomnoo honononuo.
?. Okpyxakman ocfanonka u konfokcfw monnkfcn. Onno u fo
xo noucfnuo no ncoina ynof hpunonufi k onnomy u fomy xo posyni-
fafy. nn ychomnou anahfauuu u nwxunanun nooxonuma ohpono-
nonnan iukocfi. Ypononi iukocfu hpohopuuonanon napuafunno-
cfu ocfaninou nacfu cucfomw. Io mopo ycnoxnonun cucfomw fpoyofcn
nco oniman cfohoni iukocfu.
8. cnu namu noucfnun no naxonnf oxunaomoio ofknuka, nooxo-
numo napiuponafi cnoo honononuo, hoka no nocfuinofo xonaomoio.
Hpnnuxcnnc J
CO8Ab TMHHOOHH HH
AYHAbHbH {A\DTORY) -umokmuu ofnomonuo k cnyxy unu
nochpunfuk snykonwx konoanuu opianamu cnyxa. Hononok nochpunu-
maof snykonwo konoanun n nuahasono of 2O Iu no 2O kIu.
8YUAR H3HTATH8HAR CHCTMA {RR-
SNTATONAL SYSTM RMACY) - cucfoma (onno us hnfu
nyncfn), kofopyk unnunun cucfomafunocku uchonisyof nnn opaof-
ku u opianusauuu cnooio ohwfa hpoxno ncox ocfaninwx. Ofa cucfo-
ma moxof ohpononnfi kak nunnwo kanocfna unnununa, fak u oio
choconocfi k oynonuk.
8H3YAbHbH {YS\AL) -ofnocnmuucn k :penuu.
8KYCO8OH {G\STATORY) -ofnocnmuucn k oiycy unu oiyco-
oi+ ouyuenun+.
8HHH {NSTALLATON) -hpouocc hpuopofonun no-
nou cfpafoiuu unu cfunn honononun. Honan cfpafoiun moxof wfi
nnonpona nopos uchonisonanuo nkoponun, knknou nocfyha, mofaqop
u honcfpouku k ynymomy.
8TOHHHAR 8bOA {SCONDARY GAN) - cufyauun,
koina nokofopoo na hopnwu nsinnn hponomafunnoo unu ofpuuafoni-
noo honononuo na camom nono nwhonnnof u no:oume:inyu qyniuuu.
Y6HHHAR CTYKTYA {D STR\CT\R) -noupono-
iunockuo kapfw-ofpaxonun (kak cosnafoninwo, fak u occosnafoni-
nwo), kofopwo nononok uchonisyof nnn opianusauuu u nahpannonun
cnooio honononun.
HHTHHHOCTb {DNTTY) -omymonuo foio, kom mw nn-
nnomcn, opianusykmoo namu yoxnonun, choconocfu unu hocfyh-
ku n onunyk cucfomy.
KAH6O8KA {CAL8RATON) -choconocfi hponfonun oc-
cosnafoninwx nonopaninwx poakuuu npyioio nononoka n hpouocco
fokymoio nsaumonoucfnun hyfom ycfanonnonun onnosnannoio coof-
nofcfnun moxny nanknaomwmu honononnockumu hpusnakamu u xa-
pakfopnwm nnyfponnum cocfonnuom.
i8O
KAH6O8KH, HTR {CAL8RATD LOO) -occosnafoni-
nwu haffopn kommynukauuu, hpu kofopom n hpouocco fokymoio nsau-
monoucfnun honononnockuo hpusnaku onnoio nononoka nwswnakf xapak-
fopnwo poakuuu npyioio.
KHHCTTHKA {KNSTHTC) -ofnocnmoocn k me:ecni+
ouyuenun+. HI fopmun kunocfofuka uchonisyofcn kak coupa-
foninwu nnn ncox nunon concopnwx hopoxunanuu, nknknan muimu:i-
nie, oucuepu:inie u :+ouuonu:inie.
KKHH OCTYHA {ACCSSNG C\S) -nonnno nwpaxon-
nwo hpusnaku, choconwo onnonpomonno kak nwswnafi noucfnuo,
fak u ykaswnafi, kakou pohposonfafunnou cucfomou nononok honisy-
ofcn, koina mwcnuf. Xapakfopnwo nunw knknou nocfyha nknkna-
kf n con: 0ouenun e:u:, mon eo:ocu u me+n peuu, no:y, ecmi u
xupuimep 0ixunun.
KOHYOHTHOCTb {CONGR\NC) -cocfonnuo, koina nco
nnyfponnuo yoxnonun, cfpafoiuu u hocfyhku nononoka honnocfik
coinacykfcn moxny coou u opuonfuponanw na honynonuo xonaomoio
posynifafa.
KOHTKCT {CONTXT) - ocfanonka, cnoxunmancn nokpyi
konkpofnoio cowfun. annan ocfanonka no mnoiux cnynanx ynof
ohpononnfi ucfonkonanuo konkpofnoio ohwfa unu cowfun.
KHTHH {CRTRA) -uonnocfu unu cfannapfw, kofopwo
nononok hpumonnof nnn hpunnfun pomonun unu cyxnonun.
OHHCKH YO8HH {LOGCAL LYLS) - uopapxun
nnyfponnou opianusauuu, n kofopou kaxnwu hocnonykmuu ypononi
hcuxonoiunocku nnnnofcn nco onoo ncooxnafwnakmum u snanumwm.
hopnnko ywnanun snanumocfu fu yponnu nknknakf: i) unon-
funnocfi, 2) yoxnonun, J) choconocfu, 4) honononuo, u 5)
okpyxonuo.
MTAMOb {MTA MODL) - mononi, paspaofannan
xonom Ipunnopom u Iunapnom bnnnopom, nwnnnnkman hpono-
mafunnwo unu noonnosnannwo kafoiopuu nswkonwx cfopoofuhon.
MTAHOAMMA {MTA ROGRAM) -ypononi monfanino-
io hpoipammuponanun, na kofopom mw copfupyom u npoum namu
concopnwo ohwfw. Mofahpoipammw nocnf onoo ofnnononnwu xa-
pakfop, nom chouuaninwo ymcfnonnwo cfpafoiuu, u ohpononnkf nam
honxon k konkpofnomy nohpocy n uonom, a no ofnoninwo nofannm
ymcfnonnoio hpouocca.
MTA4OA {MTAHOR) -hpouocc pasmwmnonun o kakou-nuo
cufyauuu unu nnnonuu kak nom-fo unom, fo ocfi pucciu:; unociu:unue
u unu:oeun.
i8i
MTO HTbX CHCTM {O\R T\LJ4-tupIc) -ohopa-
funnwu mofon, hpumonnomwu nnn sahucu cfpykfypw nkoio konkpof-
noio ohwfa. Konuohuun mofona yfnopxnaof, nfo nkou concopnwu
ohwf cocfouf us ohponononnou komunauuu nofwpox hopnunnwx poh-
posonfafunnwx cucfom <A,Y,K,O`, ino A (uuJiror)) aynuaninwu,
! (visuu|) nusyaninwu, X (linesrheric) kunocfofunockuu, U
(o|fucror),gusruror)) oonnfonino-nkyconou.
MOHO8AHH {MODLNG) - hpouocc nanknonun,
cocfannonun u nnonponun mononu honononun, mwmnonun u npyiux
nnyfponnux hpouoccon nknou, nounmuxcn ychoxa n ohponononnou
onacfu.
HHO-HH8HCTHHCKO HOAMMHO8AHH -
HH {N\RO-LNG\STC ROGRAMMNG -NL) -hono-
nonnockan mononi u naop fmafonino hponymannwx foxnunockux
hpuomon, mofonon u mofononoiuu, nanano kofopwm wno honoxo-
no xonom Ipunnopom u Iunapnom bnnnopom n i?5 iony. Ohpo-
nononnoo kak ucc:e0oounue cmpyimypi cyoeimuonoeo onimu nnn nyn-
moio honumanun hpouoccon, oycnonnunakmux conopmoncfno
nunnocfu, HI usynaof qopmw u cfopoofuhw, unu npoepu++i,
honynakmuo pasnufuo naionapn nsaumonoucfnuk moxny mosiom
(neupo), nswkom (:uneoucmuuecioe) u fonom. 1oxnunockuo hpu-
omw, mofonw u mofononoiuu wnu paspaofanw na ocnono nank-
nonun qopm u mononou nonononockoio conopmoncfna, nohnomonnoio
n nauonoo nwnakmuxcn hponcfanufonnx pasnunnwx cqop hpoqoccu-
onaninoio omonun, nknknan hcuxofopahuk, usnoc, snpanooxpa-
nonuo u opasonanuo.
O6OHRTbHbH {OLACTORY) -ofnocnmuucn k oonnnuu,
unu nochpunfuk sahaxon.
OKYHH {NYRONMNT) -nnomnuu konfokcf, n ko-
fopom mw conopmaom hocfyhku. Hamum nnomnum okpyxonuom nn-
nnofcn fo, nfo mw nochpunumaom kak naxonnmoocn nno nac. Ono
nnnnofcn no nacfik namux hocfyhkon, a ckopoo fom, na nfo mw
nonxnw poaiuponafi.
H8O {TRANSLATNG) - hpouocc nepeqpu:upooiu, hpu
kofopom qopmynuponka n hponukafax onnou pohposonfafunnou cuc-
fomw samonnofcn na qopmynuponky n hponukafax npyiou.
HO8HHJHOCTYHKH {8HAYO\R) - ocooio pona
qusunockuo noucfnun u hpofunonoucfnun, nopos kofopwo nononok
nsaumonoucfnyof c npyiumu nknimu u okpyxakmum mupom.
HO8HHCKAR H6KOCTb {8HAYO\RAL LX-
8LTY) -choconocfi usmonnfi cnoo honononuo nnn honynonun
unou poakuuu.
i82
HO8XHOCTHAR CTYKTYA {S\RAC STR\CT\R) -
c:oou unu n:ii, uchonisyomwo nnn ohucanun unu samomonun xpannmux-
cn n hamnfu qakfunockux hopnunnwx concopnwx pohposonfauuu.
HOCTOHKA {ACNG) -mofon, hpumonnomwu hpoqoccu-
onanamu omonun nnn wcfpoio naxoxnonun o:uu+ononu+unun c
fomu, c kom nooxonumo noufu n konfakf, hyfom honpaxanun of-
noninwm ocoonnocfnm ux honononun, fo ocfi ofpaxonuo unu ho-
nfoponuo n cnoom honononuu xapakfopnwx ocoonnocfou honononun
cooconnuka.
HOCTOHKA K 6YYUMY {\T\R ACNG) -hpouocc
+ic:ennoeo penemupoounun c camum coou kakou-nuo ynymou cu-
fyauuu, nfow xonaomoo honononuo wno ocfocfnonnwm u camohpo-
usnoninwm.
HO3HUHH 8OCHHRTHR {RCT\AL OSTONS) -
konkpofnan hopchokfuna unu fonka sponun. HI umoofcn fpu
ocnonnwo hosuuuu, kofopwo moxno sannfi hpu nochpunfuu konk-
pofnoio ohwfa. 1epoun hosuuun nochpunfun ohwfa cnoumu co-
cfnonnwmu inasamu, uccouuupyemcn c fonkou sponun hopnoio nuua.
tmopun honpasymonaof hopoxunanuo nokofopoio ohwfa c hosuuuu
cooconnuka. Jpemin fpoyof ofcfpanonnocfu u nochpunfun nsa-
umoofnomonuu moxny namu u npyiumu nknimu c hosuuuu cfopon-
noio nanknafonn.
HHKATb {RDCATS) -cnona, oosnanakmuo hpouocc
(fakuo, kak e:ueo:i, nupeuun u npu:ueume:inie), kofopwmu honisy-
kfcn nnn ohucanun honnoxamoio. HI hponukafw cnyxaf nnn
ohponononun, penpe:enmumuonou cucme+i, iomopou nononok honisy-
ofcn hpu opaofko unqopmauuu.
A36H8KA {CH\NKNG) -opianusauun nokofopoio ohwfa n
onoo kpyhnwo unu onoo monkuo noku. Jipynnenue,coe0unenue
(chunling up) honpasymonaof hopoxon k onoo macmfanwm, onoo
ofnnononnwm yponnnm unqopmauuu. 1u:yipynnenue,0po:enue
(chunling Jown) osnanaof hopoxon k onoo chouuqunnwm u konkpof-
nwm yponnnm unqopmauuu. toiooun pu:uoiu (chunling |ureru||))
honpasymonaof houck npyiux hpumopon na fom xo yponno unqop-
mauuu.
AHHOT {RAORT) - ycfanonnonuo afmocqopw 0ooepun,
eup+onuu u compy0nuuecmou hpu kakux-nuo nsaumoofnomonunx.
3YbTATb {O\TCOMS) -uonu unu xonaomwo cocfonnun,
kofopwx nononok unu opianusauun cfpomufcn nocfuni.
H3HTATH8Hb CHCTMb {RRSNTATONAL
SYSTMS) -fum fopmunom oosnanakfcn hnfi nyncfn: :penue,
c:yx, ocn:unue, oonnnue u oiyc.
i8J
4HMHH {RRAMNG) -foxnuka HI, n kofopou hpo-
nomafunnoo honononuo ofnonnofcn of no:oume:inoeo nu+epenun nnyf-
ponnou hpoipammw unu nacfu, ofnonakmou sa nannoo honononuo.
pyiuo napuanfw honononun nwpaafwnakfcn nopos hpunnfuo hpoxnou
nacfik ofnofcfnonnocfu sa hponononuo n xusni nonwx cfunou honono-
nun, kofopwo ynonnofnopnnu w fomy xo camomy hosufunnomy namo-
ponuk, no no cohponoxnanuci w hponomafunnwm hoonnwm hponyk-
fom.
CHHCT3HR {SYNSTHSA) -hpouocc nu:oenun pasnun-
nwx pohposonfafunnwx cucfom, xapakfopusykmuucn fakumu nnno-
nunmu, kak ou:yu:ino-uyocmoennie uenu n kofopwx nononok nwno-
nuf cnou omymonun us foio, nfo nunuf, u uy0uu:ino-uyocmoennie
uenu, n kofopwx nononok honynaof cnou omymonun us foio, nfo
cnwmuf. Coonunonw moxny coou moiyf wfi nno nkwo concop-
nwo monaninocfu.
COCTORHH {STAT) -nanknaomoo omoo nymonnoo u qu-
sunockoo camonyncfnuo nononoka n hpouocco oio nonfoninocfu.
CHOCO6HOCTb {CAA8LTY) -ymonuo yhpannnfi uonwm
knaccom hocfyhkon snanuo u nanwk, KAK nyxno nfo-nuo nonafi.
Choconocfu hponnnnkfcn ncnon sa pasnufuom monfaninou kapfw,
hosnonnkmou nam ofupafi u opianusonwnafi ipyhhw camocfonfoni-
nwx hocfyhkon. HI fu monfaninwo kapfw hpunumakf qopmy
hosnanafoninwx cfpafoiuu u kapf.
CTATHR {STRATGY) - nokofopan hocnononafoninocfi
fmafonino hponymannwx mwcnufoninwx u honononnockux maion,
nahpannonnwx na nocfuxonuo konkpofnoio posynifafa. HI n
kanocfno nauonoo naxnoio achokfa cfpafoiuu paccmafpunakfcn poh-
posonfafunnwo cucfomw, uchonisyomwo nnn nwhonnonun ofnoninwx
konkpofnwx maion.
CY6MOAbHOCTH {S\8MODALTS) -fum fopmunom
oosnanakfcn ocowo kanocfna omymonuu, nochpunumaomwo kax-
nwm us hnfu nyncfn. Hahpumop, nusyaninwo cymonaninocfu nknk-
nakf uoem, qop+y, 0ouenue, npiocmi, e:yuny u f.n.; aynuaninwo
epo+iocmi, oicomy, me+n u f.n.; kunocfofunockuo fakuo kanocfna,
kak 0uo:enue, me+nepumypu,, +ecmono:oenue, u f.n.
T.O.T.. -nannan aponuafypa oosnanaof paspaofannyk Mun-
nopom, Iananfopom u Ipupamom hocnononafoninocfi ohopauuu
1pooepiu-,eucmoue-1pooepiu-tixo0 (Jesr-Uperure-Jesr-1xir), kofo-
pan ohucwnaof knaccunockyk uohi opafnou cnnsu, nonymoio qak-
fopa nkoio honononun.
TAHCH8AUHOHHbH HOHCK {TRANSDRYATONAL
SARCH) -hpouocc opumnoeo nouciu n maccuno nochomunanuu u hcu-
xunockux pohposonfauuu ohwfa, na aso kofopoio wno hocfpoono fo-
kymoo honononuo unu poakuun.
Y6HHR {8LS) -hocfonnno xpanumwo n hamnfu oo-
monun o: i) hpununo, 2) snanonuu u J) ipanuuax: a) okpyxakmoio
nac mupa, ) namoio honononun, n) namux choconocfou u i) namou
nunnocfu. Yoxnonun noucfnykf na unom yponno, nom ookfunnan
poaninocfi, u cnyxaf nnn nahpannonun u ucfonkonanun namux nochpu-
nfuu poaninocfu, sanacfyk hyfom hpunnsku ux k namou cucfomo uon-
nocfou unu kpufopuon. Yoxnonun nposnwnauno fpynno usmonufi,
uchonisyn ownnwo hpanuna noiuku unu pauuonaninoo mwmnonuo.
YCO8HR XOOUO C4OMHO8AHHOH UH {WLL-
ORMDNSS CONDTONS) - naop ycnonuu, nooxonumwx
nnn honynonun qqokfunnoio u konoiunnoio posynifafa. HI
konkpofnan uoni cnufaofcn xopomo cqopmuponannou, ocnu oo mox-
no: !) oipu:umi o no:oume:inix mep+unux; 2) onpe0e:umi u ouenumi
nu ocnooe cencopnoeo onimu; J) coxpunumi no:oume:inie noounie
npo0yimi ninemneeo cocmonnun; 4) u0eioumno ionmeicmyu:u:upooumi
c ue:iu coomoemcmoun onemneu :io:oeuu; a kpomo foio, ocnu ) npo-
uecc 0ocmuenun :mou ue:u +oem imi nuuum, npo0o:en u :uoep-
men me+, imo e:uem ee 0ocmuui.
YTHH3AUHR {\TLZATON) -mofon, hpu kofopom k cfpa-
foiuu unu haffopny honononun no0cmpuuouumcn unu noomopnum oio,
nfow okasafi o:unnue na poakuuk npyioio nononoka.
UHTHO8AHH {Q\OTS) -cnynau, koina coomonuo, ko-
fopoo nw xofufo cnonafi, saknknono n ckoku, kak ocnu w ono wno
nwckasano kom-fo unwm.
HACTH {ARTS) -mofaqopunockuu choco ocyxnonun nosanucu-
mwx hpoipamm u cfpafoiuu honononun. Ipoipammw unu nacfu nacfo
pasnunakf nonfo, nfo cfanonufcn xapakfopnou nopfou nunnocfu.
RKOHH {ANCHORNG) -hpouocc accouuuponanun nnyfpon-
nou poakuuu c nokofopwm onemnu+ mpueeepo+ nyciooi+ +exunu:+o+
(ananoiunno knaccunockum ycnonnwm poqnokcam), fak nfo poakuun
moxof wfi wcfpo, a unoina naxo nonnno, nwsnana honfopno.
COAHH
Hipa n ucop u noninwu nofop co moiy. 1pe0uc:ooue ..J. Xpo:n ...... 5
cfyhnonuo...................................................................................................... 8
Iponucnonuo anfopa ..................................................................................... iO
Yponnu mononuponanun ........................................................................... i2
Cfpafoiuu.................................................................................................. iJ
Mukpo-, makpo- u mofacfpafoiuu .......................................................... i4
i. OIHC1MOOIHH OHHH1HHA .................................................. i6
2. C1IA1IHH OHHH1HHA H
MAKIOMOHIOAHHH ................................................................ J5
wson asonwm hponhonoxonunm........................................................... J6
J. bA3OAH C1IYK1YIA MbCH1bHOH
C1IA1IHH OHHH1HHA................................................................ 46
4. O33IHHH OHHH1HHA O H3bK ............................................ 54
5. MHKIOAHAH3 IIOHCCA 1OIHCKOIO
MbHHHH OHHH1HHA.............................................................. 6J
6. 1OIHH O1HOCH1bHOC1H ........................................................ ?4
wson hopnwu hpocfpancfny .............................................................. ??
wson nfopou asonwm hponhonoxonunm
o onnonpomonnocfu............................................................................ 82
wson fpofuu npomonu ........................................................................ 8?
Hokofopwo snanonun foopuu ofnocufoninocfu Ounmfouna ................ J
Cfpafoiun, cfonman sa foopuou ofnocufoninocfu .............................. iO2
?. HKO1OIb ICHXOOIHHCKH ACIK1b
1OIHH O1HOCH1bHOC1H....................................................... iO
8. IIHMHHH C1IA1IHH OHHH1HHA ............................... i26
unonuo nonwx yponnou u usmoponuu ................................................. i2?
Cumnonunockuo mofaqopw pocakf nwson asonwm
hponhonoxonunm.................................................................................... iJO
opmaf pomonun konqnukfon, ocnonannwu
na cfpafoiuu Ounmfouna....................................................................... iJ?
Cfpafoiun Iocponnuka, ocnonannan na mwcnufoninom
hpouocco Ounmfouna ............................................................................. i4O
. MbCH1bHbH IIOHCC OHHH1HHA
(KIA1KO H3O2HH) ................................................................. i4J
iO. 3AKKHHH ................................................................................... i4?
ufopafypa .................................................................................................. i58
Ipunoxonuo i ............................................................................................. i6J
Ipunoxonuo 2 ............................................................................................. i??
Ipunoxonuo J ............................................................................................. i?
Ioopf unfc
C1IA1IHH IHH
1om 2
Aniopf Ounmfoun
Ioponon c aninuuckoio
H.1. Hounooou
Haynnwwu ponakfop
1.H. tu:i-tu:in+c
Ionakfop
A.H. 1euepciun
Ofnofcfnonnwu sa nwhyck
H.t. Jenuiunu
Komhikfopnan nopcfka
l.J. 1ue:unueo
upokfop usnafonickoio hpookfa
J.1. typnnmeo
Hsn. nuu. N O6i?4? of O2.ii.i2 i.
Ionhucano n honafi iJ.O2.i8 i.
opmaf 6O88/i6
Iapnufypa 1aumc. Ionafi oqcofnan
Ycn. hon. n. i2. Yn.-usn. n. ?,?.
M.: Hosanucuman qupma Knacc, i8. i2 c.
iOJiO4, Mockna, a/n 85.
IS^ O-i6O-JJ-8 (\SA)
IS^ 5-86J?5-O?O-4 (I)
IS^ 5-86J?5-O?2-4 (1. II)