105 чудотворных икон и молитвы к ним. Исцеление, защита, помощь и утешение. Чудо творящие святыни

A. K.
Mypona

105 uyo1nopnmx nxon n uonn1nm x nnu.
Hcnenenne, samn1a, nouomt n y1emenne. Hyo
1nopnmne cnn1mnn

Hpencnonne
Ho ynepennxm ncnxonoron, uenonex spennem nocnpnnnmaer 80 nponenron nce
nonyuaemo nn]opmannn. Hsopaxenne nomoraer uenonexy noccosart n yme onnx pyroro
nnna. A ecnn nepe namn nsopaxenne nnna, onaammero cnxrocrtm, ro n camo
nsopaxenne npnoperaer snauenne cnxrtnn. Hxona nmeer nennxym cnny naroarnoro
ecrnnx, ounmammero ymn cosepnammnx ee nme. B monnrne na ocnxmenne nxont
ncnpamnnaercx y Fora aponanne e naroarno cnnt yxa Cnxroro econ orronxrn n ncx
neyrn ncnenxrn. Cornacno npanocnannomy ormary nxononounrannx, yrnepxennomy
Cetmtm Bcenencxnm Coopom, uecrt, nosanaemax nxone, ornocnrcx x ee nepnoopasy, n
noxnonxmmncx nxone noxnonxercx nnocracn nsopaxennoro na ne. Coop ocoenno
nouepxnnaer, uro mt nosaem nxonam nounranne, a ne noxnonenne, nooammee onomy
rontxo Fory.
Hxont nopasenxmrcx na ocoournmte n otxnonennte. Hxona cranonnrcx cnxrtne
omero yponnx, xora cnxmennnx oxponnr ee cnxro noo, conpononn urennem
coornercrnymme monnrnt. Ha +rom yponne cnxrocrt nxont n crenent ee nounrannx ne
sanncxr nn or marepnana nsroronnennx, nn or xyoxecrnenno nennocrn, nn or pennocrn
nnn ncropnuecxnx ]axron. Bce +ro coornercrnyer xanony nxononounrannx, npnnxroro na
Cetmom Bcenencxom Coope.
Ofpepakfupoean u onynukoean ua cafe : PRESSI ( HERSON )
Bce xanonnuecxne nxont n xpamax nnn omax cnxmennt naroapx cnoemy yxonnomy
coepxannm n cmtcny. Onaxo nexoropte nsnpamrcx Hpomtcnom Foxnnm nx ocotx
snamenn. Hcxoxmne or nnx nenspeuennt cner, naroyxanne, cnxroe mnpo
nemecrnennte snaxn xnnennx mnpa ropnero, Hapcrnnx Foxtero. Hpnsnaxom uyornopno
nxont xnnxmrcx uyornopennx, ncntrannte xem-ro, n nonyunnmnmn mnpoxym
nsnecrnocrt. Haponoe cosnanne npnnnctnaer uyornopennx camo nxone, a ne rontxo
nsopaxaemomy nnny, +rnm ona n ornnuaercx or pyrnx nxon roro xe nnna.
Kaxoe ncnonnenne monnrnennoro npomennx xnnxercx uyom Foxnnm. Iocnot cntmnr
nac, re t mt nn monnnnct n nyrn, na paore, n none, n rmpemno xamepe, na
onepannonnom crone axe npn orcyrcrnnn xaxo-nno nxont nnn xpecra. Conepmenne
uya, r. e. ncnonnenne monnrnt, npexe ncero sanncnr or nept monxmerocx: Ecnn cxontxo-
nnyt moxere neponart, nce nosmoxno nepymmemy (Enanrenne or Mapxa 9:23). Ecnn y
roro, xro ycramn nponsnocnr monnrny, ner cosnarentnoro n cepeunoro opamennx x Fory,
ro axe nepe camo uyornopno nxono monnrna ocranercx es naroro pesyntrara.
Ho+romy uyornopno moxer crart ncxxax nxona, nepe xoropo nmn monxrcx c
ncxpenne nepo n ropxue nmontm. Kora mnorne cnyuan ncnonnennx monnrn nepe
nsnecrno nxono cranonnnnct nsnecrntmn, rora nxona naunnana nounrartcx
uyornopno. Taxnm opasom, npocnannenne ro nnn pyro uyornopno nxont ncera
nponcxonno cnonranno n nepax naponoro narouecrnx, ne rpeyx o]nnnantno
xanonnsannn nepxonno nnacrn.
Hcropnx Hpanocnanno Hepxnn nacunrtnaer oxono rtcxun opason, npocnannnmnxcx
uyornopennxmn sa ncm ncropnm xpncrnancrna. Fontmnncrno nx opast Foxne Marepn,
Heecno 3acrynnnnt uenoneuecxoro poa. Inanntm ocnonannem nx nounrannx roro nnn
nnoro opasa uyornopntm cnyxnno yocronepennoe aponanne xonxperno nomomn
nmxm, yt ro ncnenenne onxmnx, sacrynnenne or nparon, noxapon, crnxnn. Hnora +ry
nomomt npenapxno nnn conponoxano nexoe cnepxecrecrnennoe cotrne.
Or nexoroptx opason uyecntm opasom ncrouannct xpont, cnest, mnpo. Hanpnmep,
cnest, ncrexanmne ns oue Hpecnxro Foroponnt nocnpnnnmannct n xax snax cxopn
Foxne Marepn o rpexax uenoneuecxnx, n xax snax mnnocepnx Bnatunnt, nnauyme o
cnonx uaax. Enncxon Pomancxn Menxnceex ronopnn, uro noonte cotrnx
nponcxonnn n n pennocrn n uro +ro ncera npenemano rxxxne ncntrannx nx Hepxnn
Xpncrono n nx Oreuecrna.
Hyxno nomnnrt, uro nmax nxona (xax n nmo ocnxmennt npemer) rpeyer
naroronenoro n axxyparnoro opamennx. Vnomnnanne ncye Foxtero nmenn n nycrte
pasronopt o Foxecrnennom n cnxrom xnnxmrcx rpexom, n rounocrn raxoe xe ornomenne
onxno trt x nsopaxennxm cnxmennoro n ynorpenennm +rnx nsopaxenn. A n name
npemx nocroxnno ncrpeuaercx nepasymnoe nx ncnontsonanne. Ha +rnxerxax npoyxron, na
onoxxax xnnr, xypnanon, n oxnnennxx raser n n renennsnonno nporpamme, n
pacneuaranntx n pasmnoxenntx oxymenrax moxno nnert nsopaxennx nxon, xpamon,
xpecron, nmenn Foxtero, Hpecnxro Foroponnt n cnxrtx. 3auacrym nce +rn nemn
ncnontsymrcx n trontx nenxx n ntpactnamrcx. Otunt, xasanoct t, nocrynox
cranonnrtcx oroxyntcrnom n ocxnepnennem. Ha poccncxo monere ocronncrnom n 1, 10 n
50 xoneex nsopaxen cnxro nennxomyuennx Ieoprn, no xax uacro nmenno +ra menout
nexnr na opore, n nmn ncramr na nee noramn. O xaxom nepasymnn cnnerentcrnyer ror
]axr, uro nexoropte cnrapernte mapxn ncnontsymr n cnoem nasnannn nnn o]opmnennn
nmena n nsopaxennx cnxrtx nnn cnxmenntx npemeron (Sant George cnxro Ieoprn;
na xaxo nauxe Sovereign nsopaxaercx monera conepen co cnxrtm Ieoprnem).
Conpemennax xnsnt rpeyer or nac nnnmannx, urot none nnn nenone mt ne conepmnnn
neocrontx nocrynxon.
Hounranne uyornopntx nxon noono nounrannm cnxrtx. Kaxax raxax nxona nmeer
xanenapnym ary, nexoropte axe necxontxo n ro. ara otuno cnxsana c
naxoxennem nxont (ee xnnennx), npoxnnennem ee cnnt, oxasannx nomomn
(ntsoponnennx, noet n cpaxennxx, samnrt or nanaennx nnn noxapa).
B nam copnnx mt nomecrnnn nnmt neontmoe xonnuecrno opason, xoropte nmemr
craryc uyornopntx n or xoroptx nmn n pasnte npemena nonyuann ncnenennx n
noepxxy n cnonx nyxax. Kaxo nxone nocnxmena orentnax crartx, xoropax
saxanunnaercx monnrno, rponapem (necnonenne n uecrt xaxoro-nno npasnnxa nnn
cnxroro) nnn xonaxom (xparxax nepxonnax necnt, pasnnnaer ocnonnym remy rponapx).
Hexoroptm nxonam Hepxont eme ne cocrannna orentntx monnrn, no+romy nepe nnmn
moxno monnrtcx, ncnontsyx omne monnrnocnocnonnx, opamennte x Foroponne nnn
cnxromy. ara npasnonannx nmeer na uncna: nepnoe no nonomy crnnm (rpnropnancxn
xanenapt), nropoe, n cxoxax, no crapomy (mnnancxn xanenapt).
Haeemcx, nam cxpomnt rpy npnnecer nontsy. Fyem nomnnrt, uro nmax ns
mnorouncnenntx nxon Foromarepn pacxptnaer nepe namnm yxonntm oxom Ee nmont xo
ncem cmnpenntm n crpaxymnm. Fnaroronenoe npecroxnne nepe Pacnxrnem nnn
opasom coecrnyer monnrne, nomoraer cocpeorounrtcx, oropnartcx or nnemnnx saor n
cyerntx nomtcnon n conpnxocnyrtcx c ropnnm mnpom. Monnrna ne rontxo cnocona
ornparnrt ey n necuacrte, nomout n rpyntx ocroxrentcrnax, ona npnnnxaer x Fory n
ounmaer ymy. He nyxno npeneperart nosmoxnocrtm nournrt Cnacnrenx, Foroponny n
cnxrtx, xonrt n nepxont nnn axe cesnrt n cocenn ropo noxnonnrtcx cnxrtne, no
xax ronopnn cnxrnrent Ipnropn noecnon: Tor, Kro oeman npomenne no rpexax
xammemycx, ne oeman corpemammemy sanrpamnero nx.

Hxona Cnn1me naronepnme xnnstn He1p n menponnn
Poccnx, Bnanmnpcxax on., r. Mypom, Cnxro-Tponnxn monacrtpt

Cnxrte naronepnte xnxstx Herp n uenponnx (n nnouecrne ann n En]pocnnnx)
cxonuannct 775 ner nasa. Hxona cnxrtx, a raxxe nx mnoronenente momn naxoxrcx n
Cnxro-Tponnxom xencxom monacrtpe n npocnannent mnornmn uyecamn, oruero norox
nanomnnxon n oromontnen ne nccxxaer n onrenn.
3rn cnxrte, npocnannnmnecx necxontxo cronern nasa, orxptnn nx narouecrnntx
cepen xpacory n ntcory npanocnanno cemtn. Cecrpt Cnxro-Tponnxoro monacrtpx
crapamrcx sannctnart nce nsnecrnte nm cnyuan nomomn Herpa n uenponnn rem, xro
opamaercx x nnm sa monnrnenno nomomtm, a raxxe pyrnx pasnnuntx uyec,
conepmaemtx nosne nx nernenntx mome.
B nauane XVI nexa cpen npanocnanntx npomna monna o rom, uro n ropoe Mypome
noxnnnnct uyornopnt, ncnenxmmne onesnn xnxst Herp n xnxrnnx uenponnx. B 1552
roy onn tnn xanonnsnponant xax pyccxne cnxrte, a n cene Hacxono (Pxsancxne semnn),
re npoxnnana narouecrnnax ennna, yymax cnxrax, uenponnx, tna nosneena uaconnx
c nxono cnxrtx naronepntx xnxse Mypomcxnx. K +ro nxone conepmancx xpecrnt xo,
a sarem cnyxnncx moneen. V +ro nxont uacro nponcxonnn nenuannx.
Hosxe nmn, n naexe ncnenennx or onesne n xaxymne cuacrnnno cynpyxecxo
nmnn, urot noxnonnrtcx nxone mnn n Cnxro-Tponnxn xencxn monacrtpt.
B 1992 roy momn cnxrtx Herpa n uenponnn tnn nepenecent n Tponnxn coop, n
ncxope nmn samernnn, uro na Mypomom nopo nonnmamrcx cront cnera, a nxona,
naxoxmaxcx nosne paxn co cnxrtmn momamn Herpa n uenponnn crana ncrouart mnpo.
B 1992 roy, ncxope nocne ropxecrnennoro nepenecennx mome cnxrtx naronepntx
Herpa n uenponnn n Tponnxn coop ns monacrtpcxoro cxnra, cecrpt samernnn, uro na
Mypomom nonnmamrcx na cnerxmnxcx n noun cronna. A namnaxn y mome crann
saxnrartcx camn. Hocne +roro ram ycranonnnn neyracnmym namnay. Bo npemx nepenecennx
mome crana ncrouart uyecnoe mnpo nxona, naxonnmaxcx pantme na xptmxe paxn
cnxrtx.
Hsnecrno mnoro cnyuaen, xora nocne monnrnennoro opamennx x naronepntm xnxstxm
Iocnot aponan oruaxnmnmcx eserntm cynpyram peenxa. Cecrpt paccxastnamr, uro y
cynpyrn onoro ns cnoncopon, nomoranmnx noccranannnnart monacrtpt, no monnrnam
cnxrtx ponnact out. Xenmnne n +ro npemx tno 42 roa, n ere y nee ne tno.
Mypomcxn xyoxnnx, raxxe onro ne nmenmn c cynpyro ere, cran monnrtcx cnxrtm
yronnxam Foxnnm, n Iocnot aponan emy peenxa. onro ne cxnatnannct y ono
xenmnnt ornomennx c myxem, eno mno x pasnoy, no monnrnamn cnxrtx Herpa n
uenponnn n cemte nce nanannoct. Marymxa onoro mocxoncxoro armmxn paccxastnana,
uro ona monnnact y cnxrtx mome o aponannn narouecrnnoro cynpyra, n Iocnot ycrponn
ee xnsnt.
Horpeent tnn cnxrte cynpyrn n coopno nepxnn Mypoma n uecrt Poxecrna
Hpecnxro Foroponnt, nosneenno na nx momamn no oery Hoannom Iposntm n 1553
roy. Ceuac momn orxptrt nx noxnonennx n mypomcxom Cnxro-Tponnxom xencxom
monacrtpe. uepes nnx npoonxamr nncnoctnartcx yxonnte apt ncem npanocnanntm
nmxm, npnxoxmnm x nnm c nepo.
B 1993 roy uacrnna mome naronepntx Herpa n uenponnn tna aponana xpamy
Bosnecennx Iocnonx n Mocxne.
Ee ncrannnn n nanncannym nxony cnxrtx cynpyron. 3namenarentno, uro ncxope nocne
noxnnennx cnxrtx mome n xpame onn ns mocxoncxnx crapoxnnon coomnn, uro o
pasopennx xpama sect naxonnact ocoo urnmax mocxnnuamn nxona cnxrtx Herpa n
uenponnn, noxnonnrtcx xoropo cunrann cnonm onrom roronxmnecx x ncrynnennm n pax
n monooxent. 3ect nponcxonno mnoro nenuann.
Ocoo nounramrcx cnxrte Herp n uenponnx xax noxponnrenn cynpyxecxo
narouecrnno xnsnn, camn nexora nocrpaanmne sa cnxrocrt n nepymnmocrt paxa.
Foxne nonenenne Aamy nosentnart ca, ro ecrt saornrtcx o nenom mnpe, a saornrtcx
o Aame npnsnana Ena. Ho ncxxax nn xena onaaer neoxonmtmn cnocrnamn? Bce nn
myxtx cnocont nocrynart c xenamn naropasymno, xax c nemomnemnm cocyom,
oxastnax nm uecrt, xax conacnennnam naroarno xnsnn (1 nocnanne Herpa)? Heecnte
noxponnrenn pyccxo cemtn nomoramr oportcx c +ronsmom, npnnocxmnm n cemtn pasna,
monxrcx o nncnocnannn xopomnx cynpyron rem, xro xenaer ncrynnrt n pax. Hamxrt cnxrtx
cynpyron-uyornopnen npasnyercx 8 nmnx (25 nmnx no crap. cr.).

Tponapt, rnac 8
xo narouecrnnaro xopene npeuecrnax orpacnt tn ecn, ope no narouecrnn noxnn,
naxenne Herpe, raxo n c cynpyxnnnem rnoem, npemypom uenponnem, n mnpe Fory
yronnme n npenoontx xnrnm cnooncrecx. C nnmnxe monnrecx Iocnoenn coxpannrn
es npea oreuecrno name, a nac nenpecranno nounraem.

Monnrna
O nennntn yronnnt Foxnn n npennnnn uyornopnt naronepnnn xnxxe Herpe n
xnxrnne uenponne, rpaa Mypoma npecrarenn n xpannrenn, n o ncex nac ycepnnn xo
Iocnoy monnrnennnnt! K nam npneraem n nam monnmcx c ynonannem xpenxnm: npnnecnre
sa nac rpemntx cnxrtx monnrnt nama xo Iocnoy Fory n ncnpocnre nam y narocrn Ero ncx
naronorpenax ymam n renecem namnm: nepy npany, naexy nary, nmont
nennnemepny, narouecrne nenoxonenmoe, n optx enex npeycnexnne, mnpa ymnpenne,
semnn nnoonocne, nosyxa naropacrnopenne, ymam n renecem spanne n neunoe
cnacenne. Hcxoaracrnyre y Hapx Heecnaro: nepntx paon Ero, n cxopn n neuann ent
n nomt nonnmmnx x Hemy, mnoroonesnt nonnt a ycntmnr n a nsneer or nornenn
xnnor nam. Hcnpocnre Hepxnn cnxre n nce epxane Poccncxe mnp, rnmnny n
naroycrpoenne, n ncem nam xnrne narononyunoe n opym xpncrnancxym xonunny.
Orpanre oreuecrno name, rpa Mypom, n ncx rpat Poccncxnx or ncxxaro sna n ncx
npanonepntx nmn, x nam npnxoxmnx n momem noxnanxmmnxcx, ocennre naroarntm
ecrnom naronpnxrntx monnrn namnx, n ncx npomennx nx no naro ncnonnnre. E,
uyornopnt cnxrnn! He npespnre monnrn namnx, co ymnnennem nam nosnocnmtx, no ynre
o nac npncnnn npecrarenn xo Iocnoy n cnoonre nac nomomnm namem cnxrom cnacenne
neunoe nonyunrn n Hapcrnne Heecnoe ynacneonarn; a cnanocnonnm nenspeuennoe
uenonexonmne Orna, n Ctna, n Cnxraro yxa, n Tponne noxnanxemaro Fora, no nexn nexon.
Amnnt.

Hxona Hnxonan Pa1nmn
Poccnx, r. Fenropo, yn. Honona, 11, Hpeopaxencxn xa]epantnt coop
Hxone cnxrnrenx Hnxonax, nmenyemo Hnxona Parnt onee 500 ner. Ho npeannm,
ona samnrnna xnrene cena Vcrnnxa (Beexnncxn paon) or nanaennx monrono-
rarapcxnx nocx. Vnnen nenpnxrenx, nacentnnxn Hnxonaencxo nycrtnn, naxonnmecx n
cene, ntmnn emy nancrpeuy c nxono cnxrnrenx Hnxonax uyornopna. Cnxmennnxn n
monaxn ocranonnnnct na epery pexn n pasom nocxnnxnynn: Bopornrect: nnaue cnnom
Kpecra Iocnonx cnxrnrent Hnxona noronnr nac n ce pexe. Hepenpannxnmnecx uepes
pexy rarapt npyr ocranonnnnct, nauann recnnrtcx n naart c nnornnt n noy. Paccxas o
+ro noee tn mnpoxo nsnecren no nce crpane. B Rxno Poccnn nxona cnxrnrenx
Hnxonax Parnoro ouent nounranact. Forarte n snarnte xeprnonarenn noapnnn e sonoro
oxna. B 1765 roy opas c nouecrxmn nepenecnn n enropocxn xa]epantnt Cnxro-
Tponnxn coop. H exeronte macxne xpecrnte xot crann npoxonrt or Fenropoa o
Vcrnnxn. 3ror rpnnarnxnnomerpont xpecrnt xo tn onnm ns camtx
mnorouncnenntx n Poccnn.
B conercxne rot nounraemax nxona tna yrepxna. Hocne saxptrnx ontmennxamn
Cnxro-Tponnxoro myxcxoro monacrtpx n 1923 roy pennxx nxona, xax ncropnuecxn
nennax, onxna tna crart mysentm +xcnonarom. Ho ona neoxnanno ncuesna. Hexoropte
apxnnnte annte yxastnann, uro nxona conponoxana nenpexpamanmnecx xpecrnte xot,
no yxe es yrpauennoro sonororo oxnaa. Ha namxrnom mecre n Vcrnnxe, re nponsomna
uyecnax noea na rarapamn, no pacnopxxennm nnacre tnn pasnrt oropot. Ho n +ro
ocroxrentcrno ne napymnno nexono rpannnn. 3arem nacrynnno npemx
xommynncrnuecxnx sanperon.
K xonny noctmnecxrtx rontxo necxontxo nanomnnxon ornpannxnoct n Fenropo, urot
nporn xpecrntm xoom c nxono cnxrnrenx Hnxonax. Opas rora npetnan n
Hoaca]oncxom coope. Hxony namnn n noconom nomemennn ona noremnena or npemenn,
na ne tn roncrt cno xonorn. Hauanact axrnnnax paora no noncxy apxnnntx
marepnanon. Hsnecrnt enropocxn xpaene Anexcanp Kpynenxon namen noponoe
onncanne nxont. Pasmept n ocote npnmert connaann c naenno. Hyxna tna
ntcoxonpo]eccnonantnax noccranonnrentnax paora.
B nauane max 1995 cnxrtnx nepnynact n Fenropo nocne pecranpannn. H nocne
mnoronernero nepeptna cocroxncx ropxecrnennt xpecrnt xo n Vcrnnxy. Ha mecre, re
necxontxo nexon nasa cnepmnnoct uyo, tn ycranonnen xpecr n ntptr xonoen.
Hxona Hnxona Parnt neontmax no pasmepy, nomemena n npexpacnt pesno xnor.
Hnxona uyornopen nsopaxen na ne n nonnt pocr, a n npanom n nenom nepxnnx yrnax
naxoxrcx noxcnte nsopaxennx Cnacnrenx n Foroponnt. Ceronx opas naxonrcx n
Hpeopaxencxom xa]epantnom coope ropoa Fenropoa. Cnxromy monxrcx no ncex
nyxax, a raxxe nonnt n onxmne.

Tponapt, rnac 4
Hpannno nept n opas xporocrn, nosepxannx yunrenm xnn rx cray rnoemy xxe neme
ncrnna: cero pan crxxan ecn cmnpennem ntcoxax, nnmerom orarax. Orue
cnxmennonauantnnue Hnxonae, monn Xpncra Fora cnacrncx ymam namnm.

Monnrna nepnax
O ncenarn orue Hnxonae, nacrtpm n yunrenm, ncex nepom npnrexammnx x rnoemy
sacrynnennm n rennom monnrnom ree npnstnammnx! Cxopo normncx, n nsann Xpncrono
crao or nonxon ryxmnx e; n ncxxy crpany xpncrnancxym orpan n coxpann cnxrtmn
rnonmn monnrnamn or mnpcxaro mxrexa, rpyca, namecrnnx nnonnemennnxon n
mexoycontx pann, or rnaa, norona, ornx, meua n nnesanntm cmeprn. H xxoxe
nomnnonan ecn rpnex myxe n remnnne cexmnx, n nsannn ecn nx napena rnena n
noceuennx meunaro, raxo nomnny n mene, ymom, cnonom n enom no rme rpexon cyma, n
nsann mx rnena Foxnx n neuntx xasnn, xxo a rnonm xoaracrnom n nomomnm, Cnonm xe
mnnocepnem n naroarnm, Xpncroc For rnxoe n esrpemnoe xnrne acr mn noxnrn n nene
cem, n nsannr mx mynxro croxnnx, cnoonr xe ecnaro co ncemn cnxrtmn no nexn nexon.
Amnnt.

Monnrna nropax
O, Cnxrnrenm Xpncron Hnxonae! Vcntmn nac, rpemntx pa Foxnnx (nmena), monxmnxcx
ree, n monn o nac, neocrontx, Coerenx namero n Bnatxy, mnnocrnna x nam cornopn
Fora namero n ntnemnem xnrnn n n yymem nene, a ne nosacr nam no enom namnm, no
no Cnoe narocrn nosacr nam. Hsann nac, yronnue Xpncron, or son, naxoxmnx na nac,
n yxporn nonnt crpacre n e, noscrammnx na nac, a pan cnxrtx rnonx monnrn ne
otmer nac nanacrt n ne norpxsnem n nyunne rpexonne n n rnne crpacre namnx. Monn,
Cnxrnrenm Hnxonae, Xpncra Fora namero, a noacr nam mnpnoe xnrne n ocrannenne
rpexon, ymam xe namnm cnacenne n nennm mnnocrt, ntne n npncno, n no nexn nexon.

Hxona Cnn1n1ent Hnxonan Ioc1yncxnn
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Kpemnt, nepxont Pnsononoxennx, +xcnosnnnx ntcranxn

B 1506 roy n Mocxoncxom Kpemne tna nocrpoena nepxont cnxrnrenx Hnxonax n rya
nomemena nxona cnxrnrenx Hnxonax Iocryncxoro, xoropax nepe +rnm npocnannnact n cene
Iocrynt, nns Hnxnnna, n Kanyxcxo ryepnnn.
Xpam tn nspenne npemerom naroronennx nenecr n xennxon, xoropte npnxonnn cma
nocne cronopa, monnnnct nepe uyornopno nxono n sannctnann nmena cnon n ocoym
xnnry, xax t nopyuax cex uepes ro xoaracrny n sacrynnennm nennxoro yronnxa.
B 1812 coop tn onycromen ]pannyscxnmn nocxamn, no ocranancx n nenocrn. B 1817
roy Hnxono-Iocryncxn coop xax onermanmn n no mecrononoxennm cnoemy n no
enocrn apxnrexrypt tn pasopan o ocnonannx. uacrt mome, pennxx pesnax
epenxnnax nxona cnxrnrenx Hnxonax Iocryncxoro (ntne naxonrcx na ntcranxe n
nepxnn Pnsononoxennx) n ncx yrnapt tnn nepenecent no nropo xpyc Vcnencxo
(Herpoxoncxo) snonnnnt xonoxontnn Hnana Bennxoro. Hpexe ram nomemancx coop
Poxecrna Xpncrona.
Haxonen, n XVI nexe, Iocryncxax nxona tna coornecena c anrnepernuecxo opto:
xora y mnrpononnra men cnop c epernxamn, orpnnanmnmn cnxrocrt Hnxont, or ero nxont
n xpemnencxom Iocryncxom xpame nponsomno ncnenenne, xoropoe narnxno onponeprno
yrnepxennx epernxon.

Konax, rnac 3
B Mnpex, cnxre, cnxmennoecrnnrent noxasancx ecn: Xpncrono o, npenoone,
Enanrenne ncnonnnn, nonoxnn ecn ymy rnom o nmex rnonx, n cnacn ecn nenonnnntx or
cmeprn; cero pan ocnxrnncx ecn, xxo nennxn rannnnx Foxnx naroarn.

Konax 8 (ns Axa]ncra)
Crpannoe uyo xnnxercx npnrexammnm x ree, naxenne Hnxonae, cnxmennax rnox
nepxont: n ne o n manoe monenne npnnocxme, nennnx neyron npnemnem ncnenenne, ame
roxmo no Fose ynonanne na rx nosnoxnm, nepno nonnmme: Annnnyna.

O, npecnxrt n npeuynt orue Hnxonae, yremenne ncex cxopxmnx, ntnemnee name
npnnmn npnnomenne, n or reennt nsannrncx nam Iocnoa ymonn, oronpnxrntm Tnonm
xoaracrnom, a c room nocnenaem: Annnnyna.

Monnrna
O ncenarn orue Hnxonae, nacrtpm n yunrenm ncex, nepom npnrexammnx x rnoemy
sacrynnennm n rennom monnrnom ree npnstnammnx, cxopo normncx n nsann Xpncrono
crao or nonxon, ryxmnx e, n ncxxy crpany xpncrnancxym orpan n coxpann cnxrtmn
rnonmn monnrnamn or mnpcxaro mxrexa, rpyca, namecrnnx nnonnemennnxon n
mexoycontx pann, or rnaa, norona, ornx, meua n nanpacntx cmeprn. H xxoxe
nomnnonan ecn rpnex myxe, n remnnne cexmnx, n nsannn ecn nx napena rnena n
nocenennx meunaro, raxo nomnny n mene, ymom, cnonom n enom no rtme rpexon cyma, n
nsann mx rnena Foxnx n neuntx xasnn, xxo a rnonm xoaracrnom n nomomnm, Cnonm xe
mnnocepnem n naroarnm, Xpncroc For rnxoe n esrpemnoe xnrne acr mn noxnrn n nene
cem n nsannr mx myxro croxnnx, cnoonr xe ecnaro co ncemn cnxrtmn. Amnnt.

Hxona Cnn1on uyuennx Tpnqon
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, 2- Kpecroncxn nep., 3namencxn xpam n Hepexcnancxo cnooe

Hxona cnxroro myuennxa Tpn]ona naxonrcx n xpame n uecrt 3namennx Hpecnxro
Foroponnt, y Pnxcxoro noxsana n Mocxne. Myuennuecxax rnana cnxroro Tpn]ona
xpannrcx n xa]epantnom coope cnxroro Tpn]ona n uepnoropcxom ropoe Korope. uacrt
mome n 1803 roy tna orrya npnnesena n Poccnm. B 1819 roy +ra cnxrtnx tna
nnoxena n rpex xonuexnax n nxony, naxonnmymcx n nepxnn Tpn]ona n Hanpynom. Kora
nepxont tna saxptra n 1931 roy, nxona nmecre c uacrnnamn mome tna nepenecena n
3namencxn xpam n Hepexcnancxo cnooe. pyrax nxona c uacrnne mome cnxroro
Tpn]ona naxonrcx n xpame nxont Foxne Marepn Heuaxnnax paocrt n Maptnno
pome.
Cymecrnyer npeanne, uro npn nape Hoanne Iposnom (15331584) no npemx oxort yneren
nmnmt napcxn xpeuer. Hapt npnxasan coxontnnxy Tpn]ony Harpnxeeny narn
ynerenmym nrnny n npnrposnn cmeprtm sa nencnonnenne npnxasa. Coxontnnx Tpn]on
oexan oxpecrnte neca, no esycnemno. Ha rpern ent, yromnennt onrnmn noncxamn,
on npnner oroxnyrt, ycepno nonpocnn nomomn y cnoero noxponnrenx cnxroro myuennxa
Tpn]ona. Bo cne on ynnen mnomy na enom xone, epxanmero na pyxe napcxoro xpeuera.
3ror mnoma nponsnec: Bostmn nponanmym nrnny, noesxa c Forom x napm n nn o uem ne
neuantcx. Hpocnynmnct, coxontnnx ynnen nenoanexy na cocne xpeuera, xoroporo ncxan.
On ryr xe ornes ero x napm n paccxasan o uyecno nomomn, nonyuenno nm or cnxroro
myuennxa Tpn]ona. Bcxope na rom mecre, re tno xnnenne cnxroro, coxontnnx Tpn]on
Harpnxeen nocrponn uaconnm, a sarem n nepxont no nmx cnxroro myuennxa Tpn]ona.
Henoanexy or mecra xnnennx cnxroro Tpn]ona coxontnnxy n pacnonaraercx 3namencxn
xpam, re ceuac naxonrcx nxona.
Hpn xnsnn Tpn]on orxnnxancx na manemne npoctt n et. H renept myuennxy
monxrcx n ycrpoennn xnrecxnx en, xnaprnpntx nponemax n cnoxnocrxx co sopontem, o
paore n xopomem cynpyxecrne n axe o nsannennn or xpana. Ha mnornx nxonax cnxroro
Tpn]ona nsopaxamr c coxonom, cymecrnyer mnenne, uro nmenno on nepnonauantno
nsopaxancx na repe Mocxnt.
B ent namxrn cnxroro 14 ]enpanx (1 ]enpanx no cr. cr.) nepe ero urnmo nxono
conepmaercx npasnnunoe orocnyxenne.

Tponapt, rnac 4
Myuennx Tno, Iocnon, Tpn]on, no crpaannn cnoem nenen npnxr nernennt or Tee,
Fora namero; nmex o xpenocrt Tnom, myunrene nnsnoxn, coxpymn n emonon nemomnx
epsocrn. Toro monnrnamn cnacn ymn nama.

Konax, rnac 8
Tponuecxom rnepocrnm mnorooxne paspymnn ecn or xonen, ncecnanne, uecren no
Xpncre tn, n, noenn myunrenn no Xpncre Cnacnrene, nenen npnxn ecn myuennuecrna
rnoero n aponannx Foxecrnenntx ncnenenn, xxo nenoenm.

Monnrna
O, cnxrt myuennue Xpncron Tpn]one, cxopt nomomnnue ncem, x ree npnerammnm, n
monxmnmcx npe cnxrtm rnonm opasom, cxoponocnymnt npecrarenm! Vcntmn yo
ntne n na ncxxn uac monenne nac, neocrontx paon rnonx, nounrammnx cnxrym namxrt
rnom, n npecrarentcrny o nac npe Iocnoem na ncxxom mecre, rt o, yronnue Xpncron,
cnxrt myuennue n uyornopue Tpn]one, n nennxnx uyecex noscnxnt, npexe ncxoa
rnoero or xnrnx cero rnennaro monnncx ecn xo Iocnoy n ncnpocnn y Hero ap ce: ame xro
n xoe-nno nyxe, ee, neuann n onesnn ymenne nnn renecne npnstnarn nauner
cnxroe nmx rnoe, ro a nsannen yer or ncxxaro npnnora snaro, n xxoxe rt nnora mept
napeny, no rpae Pnme or nanona myunmy, ncnennn ecn, cnne n nac or nmrtx ero xosne
coxpann no ncx nn xnnora namero, nannaue xe n ent crpamnt nocnenxro namero
nstxannx npecrarentcrny o nac, yn nam rora nomomnnx, n cxopt nporonnrent
nyxantx yxon, n x Hapcrnnm Heecnomy npenonrent, ne-xe rt ntne npecronmn c
nnxn cnxrtx y Hpecrona Foxnx, monn Iocnoa, a cnoonr n nac npnuacrnnxamn trn
npncnocymnaro necennx n paocrn, a c room xynno yocronmcx cnannrn Orna n Ctna n
Cnxraro Vremnrenx yxa no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Cnn1on Han1enenuon
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Hsmanoncxn np., xpam Poxecrna Xpncrona n Hsmanone
Cnxro nennrent Hanrenenmon xnn n Hnxomnnn n III nexe, sa nenoxonenmoe
ncnoneanne Xpncra on tn nonepxen xecrouamnm myxam n oesrnannen. Kora cnxromy
orpynnn ronony, ns pant norexno nmecro xponn monoxo, a macnnna, x xoropo tn
npnnxsan cnxro crpacrorepnen, ryr xe noxptnact nnoamn. Fpomennoe n xocrep reno
nennxomyuennxa ne cropeno n tno norpeeno xpncrnanamn.
Momn cnxroro Hanrenenmona pasomnnct no ncemy xpncrnancxomy mnpy, a ero uecrnax
rnana naxonrcx ntne n Pyccxom A]oncxom monacrtpe. Hxona c uacrnne mome
nennxomyuennxa Hanrenenmona (a]oncxoro nnctma) naxonrcx n Mocxne n xpame
Poxecrna Xpncrona n Hsmanone. B nepxnn nmeercx px n pyrnx nounraemtx nxon.
B 1825 roy xpncronmnnte xnrenn cena Hsmanona nonyunnn or A]oncxoro
Hanrenenmonona monacrtpx n naroarnym nomomt n sacrynnenne nxony
nennxomyuennxa n nennrenx Hanrenemona. uepes nexoropoe npemx or +ro nxont tno
xnneno uyo. B cene nauancx cnntnt noxap, tcrpo pacnpocrpanxnmncx n yrpoxanmn
epenxnntm nocrpoxam. On tn ocranonnen rontxo nocne roro, xax xnrenn cena oomnn
ceno xpecrntm xoom c nxono cnxroro nennxomyuennxa Hanrenenmona. B namxrt o +rom
uye ycranonneno mecrnoe npasnonanne namxrn nennxomyuennxa n 4-oe nocxpecente no
Hacxe. Cnxromy monxrcx onxmne n nonnt.

Tponapt, rnac 3
Crpacrorepnue cnxrt n nenennue Hanrenenmone, monn Mnnocrnnoro Fora, a
nperpemenn ocrannenne noacr ymam namnm.

Monnrna nepnax
O nennxn yronnue Xpncron, crpacrorepnue n npauy mnoromnnocrnnt, Hanrenenmone!
Vmnnocepncx nao mnom, rpemntm paom, ycntmn crenanne n nonnt mo, ymnnocrnnn
neecnaro, nepxonnaro Bpaua ym n renec namnx, Xpncra Fora namero, a apyer mn
ncnenenne or rnerymaro mx neyra. Hpnnmn neocronoe monenne rpemnemaro naue ncex
uenonex, nocern mx naroarntm nocemennem, ne nosrnymacx rpexonntx xsn monx,
nomaxn eneem mnnocrn rnoex n ncnenn mx; a, span ct ymem n renom, ocrarox nn
monx, naroarnm Foxnem, nosmory nponecrn n noxaxnnn n yroxennn Fory n cnoonmcx
nocnpnxrn narn xonen xnrnx moero. E, yronnue Foxn! Vmonn Xpncra Fora, a
npecrarentcrnom rnonm apyer mn spanne reny n cnacenne ymn moe. Amnnt.

Monnrna nropax
O nennxn Xpncron yronnue n npecnannt nenennue, nennxomyuennue Hanrenemone!
ymem na Heecn Hpecrony Foxnm npecrox n rpnnnocracnx Ero cnant nacnaxaxcx,
renom xe n nnxom cnxrtm na semnn n Foxecrnenntx xpamex nounnax n annom rn cntme
naroarnm pasnnunax uyeca ncrouax, npnspn mnnocrnnntm rnonm oxom na npecroxmnx
nmn, uecrne rnoe nxone ymnntno monxmnxcx n npocxmnx or ree nenentx nomomn n
sacrynnennx: npocrpn xo Iocnoy Fory namemy renntx rnox monnrnt n ncnpocn ymam
namnm ocrannenne corpemenn. Ce o mt, sa essaxonnx nama ne cmemme nosnecrn oueca
nama x ntcore neecne, nnxe nosnecrn rnac monent x Ero n Foxecrne nenpncrynne
cnane, cepnem coxpymenntm n yxom cmnpenntm ree, xoarax mnnocrnna xo Bnatne n
monnrnennnxa sa nt, rpemntx, npnstnaem, xxo rt npnxn ecn naroart or Hero neyrn
orronxrn n crpacrn ncnenxrn. Tee yo npocnm: ne npespn nac, neocrontx, monxmnxcx
ree n rnoex nomomn rpeymmnx. Fyn nam n neuanex yremnrent, n neysex nmrtx
crpaxymmnm npau, nanacrnyemtm cxopt noxponnrent, ouecem neyrymmnm npospennx
arent, ccymnm n mnaennem n cxopex roronemn npecrarent n ncnennrent:
ncxoaracrny ncem ncx, xxe xo cnacennm nonesnax, xxo a rnonmn xo Iocnoy Fory
monnrnamn nonyunnme naroart n mnnocrt, npocnannm ncex narnx Hcrounnxa n
aponoarenx Fora, Ennaro n Tponne Cnxre cnannmaro Orna n Ctna n Cnxraro yxa
ntne n npncno n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Monnrna rpertx (naroapcrnennax, nocne ncnenennx or onesnn)
Cnxrt nennxomyuennue, nennrenm n uyornopue Hanrenenmone, ncenspxnt yronnue
Foxn n monnrnennnue npncnt xpncrnan npanocnanntx! ocrono napeuen ecn
Hanrenenmonom, exe ecrt ncemnnocrnnt, xxo, npnxn or Fora naroart monnrncx sa nt n
onesnn nennrn, rt orarno noaemn ncem, x ree npnrexammnm, pasnnunax ncnenennx n
ncx x xnsnn npemenne n xo cnacennm norpenax: cero pan n mt neocronnn,
cnoonnmecx rnoex mnnocrn, naxn npe cnxrom rnoem nxonom npneraem x ree, n
npocnannxmme rx, xxo ncxpennxro yronnxa Foxnx, namero xe nepnaro monnrnennnxa n
ncnennrenx, ycepne naroapnm rx n noarenx ncex nar Iocnoa Fora namero o nennxnx
naroexnnnx, or Hero room nam tnmnx. Hpnnmn yo mnnocrnnno manoe cne
monnrnennoe naroapenne name, sane ne nmamt nno uro no ocroxnnm nosarn ree, n
npouee npemx xnnora namero ne nnmn nac, nemomntx n rpemntx, rnoex nomomn n
monnrnennaro xoaracrna y Iocnoa Fora namero, Emyxe nooaer ncxxax cnana,
naroapenne n noxnonenne, Orny n Ctny n Cnxromy yxy, ntne n npncno n no nexn nexon.
Amnnt.

Hxona Cnac Hepyxo1nopnmn n Cnn1o-Hpeopaaencxou coope (Canx1-He1epypr)
Poccnx, r. Canxr-Herepypr, Cnxro-Hpeopaxencxn coop
Cnxro-Hpeopaxencxn coop tn nocrpoen n 1828 roy no npoexry apxnrexropa B. H.
Cracona n xnnxncx coopom ne-rnapnn Hpeopaxencxoro nonxa n nce rnapnn.
Honenennem nmneparopa Hanna I c 12 noxpx 1796 roa Cnaco-Hpeopaxencxn coop cran
nmenonartcx coopom nce rnapnn. Hocne noxapa 1825 roa coop tn noccranonnen yxe
x snme 1828 roa. Bennuecrnennt nxrnrnant coop cran onnm ns camtx xpacnntx
xpamon Herepypra n n raxom nne omen o namnx ne.
Opasa coopnoro nxonocraca tnn nanncant na xoncre nsnecrntmn xnnonncnamn A. H.
Vrpmmontm, B. K. Beyentm, A. H. Hnanontm. Inanntmn cnxrtnxmn xpama ntne
xnnxercx nxona Cnac Hepyxornopnt n nxona Foxne Marepn Bcex Cxopxmnx
Paocrt.
Opas Cnaca Hepyxornopnoro naxonrcx na ananoe y npanoro xnnpoca. On recno cnxsan c
xnsntm nmneparopa Herpa Bennxoro n tn ero nmnmtm opasom. Hanncannt nsnecrntm
mocxoncxnm xnnonncnem Cnmonom Vmaxontm nx napx Anexcex Mnxanonnua, opas
nepemen x Herpy I or marepn. C nmneparopom opas tn n npn saxnaxe Herepypra, n npn
Honrancxo arannn. Herp ncera pan c coo nxony n noennte noxot. 3ra nxona ne pas
coxpanxna xnsnt napm. Hosxe opas tn nomemen n omnxe Herpa I na Herepyprcxo
cropone, n cronono, npenpamenno n uaconnm.
Cnncox +ro uyornopno nxont nosnn c coo nmneparop Anexcanp III. Bo npemx
xpymennx napcxoro noesa na Kypcxo-Xaptxono-Asoncxo xenesno opore 17 oxrxpx
1888 roa, on ntmen ns paspymennoro narona nmecre co nce cemte nenpenmtm. Heno
coxpannnact n nxona Cnaca Hepyxornopnoro, axe crexno n xnore ocranoct nentm.
Hpn saxptrnn uaconnn n 1930 roy urnmt opas nepenecnn n Tponnxym nepxont na
Crpemxnno ynnne, a n 1938 roy n Cnaco-Hpeopaxencxn coop.

Bnxme opas cnxmmero neecntm cnerom npeuncroro Hnxa Hncycona, na ypyce
Foxecrnenno cnno saneuarnennoro n xnnxmmero nam opas cnant Orue n Ero nennunx,
ncnoneyem Tx, Cnauamemy Hncyce, nosanaem Tee xnany sa xnsnt cnom n sa ncx
naroexnnx, nx xe Tt, Tnopue Ham, ncemepo ntny nsnnnanmn na nt, n naroapcrnenno
nstnaem Tee: Annnnyx.

Bennuanne
Bennuaem Tx, Xnnoanue Xpncre, n nounraem ncn Hpeuncraro Hnxa Tnoero npecnannoe
nsopaxenne.

Hxona Cnac Hepyxo1nopnmn n Cnaco-Anonnxonou uonac1mpe (Mocxna)
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Cnaco-Anponnxon monacrtpt, coop n uecrt Cnaca Hepyxornopnoro
Opasa
Hepyxornopnt opas Xpncra tn saneuarnen nx +eccxoro napx Anrapx nocne roro, xax
nocnannt nm xyoxnnx ne cymen nsopasnrt Xpncra: Xpncroc orep nnno nnarom
(ypycom), na xoropom ocrancx orneuarox, n npyunn ero xyoxnnxy. Hpnemner yo
ypyc n nor nnna Cnoero orep n ane Foronncan Opas Foxecrnennoro nnna Ero noxasacx,
ncx ecrecrna ncnonnena coexmacx
Or +roro opasa Cnacnrenx nepntm nonyunn ncnenenne Anrapt, npoxasom neyra
oepxnm. 3a opasom saxpennnoct nasnanne Cnac Hepyxornopnt. Cnncox c nxont,
naxonnmncx n Cnaco-Anponnxonom monacrtpe, tn npnnesen cnxrtm Anexcnem ns
Haptrpaa.
3ror opas ynomnnaercx nepxonntm ncropnxom H. enncontm xax onn ns pennemnx
opason Cnaca Hepyxornopnoro (XIV nex). Hxona tna npnnesena n Mocxny cnxrtm
mnrpononnrom Anexcnem ns Koncranrnnononx n c 1360 roa croxna n nxonocrace coopno
nepxnn Cnaco-Anponnxona monacrtpx. B 1354 roy Knencxn mnrpononnr Anexcn no
nyrn n Koncranrnnonont nonan n mropm. Cnxrnrent an oer nocrponrt n Mocxne coop n
uecrt roro cnxroro nnn npasnnxa, n ent xoroporo on narononyuno ocrnrner epera.
ent npnmencx na npasnonanne Cnacy
Hepyxornopnomy, n uecrt nero mnrpononnr n nosnen monacrtpt. Hocemax nonropno
Koncranrnnonont n 1356 roy, Anexcn npnnes c coo nxony Cnaca Hepyxornopnoro.
Heronncn n monacrtpcxne onncn na nporxxennn nexon ormeuann npncyrcrnne n onrenn
xoncranrnnonontcxo nxont. B 1812 roy ee +naxynponann ns Mocxnt n sarem
narononyuno nepnynn. Ho coomennm Hesanncnmo rasert or 15 nmnx 2000 roa n
1918 roy +ra nxona nponana ns Anponnxona monacrtpx n tna onapyxena n onom ns
mocxoncxnx xpannnnm rontxo n 1999 roy.
ent npasnonannx 29 anrycra (16 no crap. cr.) ycranonnen n uecrt nepenecennx ns
Eecct n Koncranrnnonont Hepyxornopnoro Opasa Cnacnrenx Hncyca Xpncra n 944 roy.
Hpasnecrno n uecrt nepenecennx Hepyxornopnoro Opasa, conepmaemoe n cneymmn
ent nocne Vcnennx Hpecnxro Foroponnt (nonpasncrno Vcnennx), nastnamr Tpertnm
Cnacom, Cnacom na xoncre. Ocooe nounranne +roro npasnnxa n Pyccxo Hpanocnanno
Hepxnn ntpasnnoct n n nxononncannn nxona Hepyxornopnoro Opasa ona ns nanonee
pacnpocrpanenntx.

Monnrna
O, Hpenarn Iocnon Hncyce Xpncre, Foxe nam, Tt penne uenoneuecxaro ecrecrna
Tnoero nnne, npecnxrom noom cmtn n ypycom orep, uyecno yo na rom xe ypyce
nsopasnrn Cee n Eeccxomy xnxsm Anrapm no ncnenenne ero or neyra nocnarn
narononnn ecn. Ce n mt ntne rpemnnn pat Tnon, ymenntmn n renecntmn neyrn
namnmn oepxnmt, nnna Tnoem, Iocnon, nmem, n c annom no cmnpennn ym namnx
sonem ne ornparn nnna Tnoem, Iocnon, or nac, n ne orxnonncx rnenom or paon Tnonx,
nomomnnx nam yn, ne orpnnn nac n ne ocrann nac. O, Bcemnnocrnnt Iocnon,
Cnacnrenm nam, nsopasn Cam Cee n ymax namnx, a no cnxrtnn n npane
xnrentcrnymme, yem ctnone Tnon n nacnennnt Hapcrnnx Tnoero, n raxo Cee,
Hpemnnocrnnaro Fora namero, xynno co Fesnauantntm Ornem Tnonm n Hpecnxrtm yxom
cnannrn ne npecranem no nexn nexon. Amnnt

Bospannt Boenoo n Cosarenm mnpa, ycntmn nac rpemntx, monxmnxcx Tee
Tnopny n Hpomtcnnrenm namemy, npnspn c ntcort cnxroro xnnnma Tnoero na nac,
nosnocxmnx Tee, Iocnoy namemy, Hcrounnxy xnsnn n Hoenrenm cmeprn, xnany n
naroapenne. Ho Tt cran uenonexom, orxptn ecn nam Cno npecnernt Hnx n pan
namero cnacennx npnnxn ecn Crpaannx, Kpecr n Cmeprt. Cero pan monnm Tex: npnspn na
nt n npeyn c namn no nexn, a rnacom paonannx nocnoem Tn: Cnana Tee, Iocnon,
Hncyce Xpncre, Mnnocrnnt Foxe n Cnacnrenm Ham!

Hxona Cnac Hepyxo1nopnmn ns Honocnaccxoro uonac1mpn (Mocxna)
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Honocnaccxn monacrtpt, Cnaco-Hpeopaxencxn coop

Bnpoxo nsnecren Hepyxornopnt Opas Xpncra Cnacnrenx, nocrannennt nensnecrno
xem n nensnecrno xora, n ropoe Bxrxe na naneprn Bosnecencxoro coopa. Opas
npocnannncx mnorouncnenntmn ncnenennxmn, cnepmanmnmncx nepe nnm.
Hepnoe uyo cnyunnoct n 1645 roy (o +rom cnnerentcrnyer pyxonnct, xpanxmaxcx n
mocxoncxom Honocnaccxom monacrtpe) nponsomno ncnenenne onoro ns xnrene ropoa.
Herp Hanxnn, yyun yxe rpn roa cnentm, nocne ycepno monnrnt nepe
Hepyxornopntm Opasom, npospen. Becrt o +rom mnpoxo pacnpocrpannnact n mnorne
crann npnxonrt x Opasy c monnrnamn n npomennxmn o ncnenennn. 3ry nxony nepenes n
Mocxny napcrnymmn rora rocyapt Anexce Mnxanonnu. 14 xnnapx 1647 roa
uyornopnt opas tn nepenecen n Kpemnt n nocrannen n Vcnencxom coope. Bopora n
Kpemnt, uepes xoropte tn nnecen opas, nastnanmnecx o +roro npemenn upononcxnmn,
crann nmenonart Cnaccxnmn.
B Vcnencxom coope Kpemnx opas naxonncx o rex nop, noxa ne tno sanepmeno
nepeycrpocrno Cnaco-Hpeopaxencxoro coopa n Honocnaccxom monacrtpe, 19 cenrxpx
1647 roa nxona tna ropxecrnenno nepenecena n monacrtpt xpecrntm xoom.
Hepyxornopnt Opas cnncxan ontmym nmont n nounranne y xnrene cronnnt, x
nomomn nxont npnerann n cnyuaxx noxapon n +nnemn. B 1670 roy opas Cnacnrenx
tn an n nomomt xnxsm Rpnm, ornpannxnmemycx na on nx ycmnpennx ynra Crenana
Pasnna. Bnnort o 1917 roa nxona naxonnact n monacrtpe. B nacroxmee npemx
mecronaxoxenne cnxroro opasa nensnecrno.
B Honocnaccxom monacrtpe naxonrcx coxpannnmncx cnncox c uyornopnoro opasa.
On ycranonnen n mecrnom pxy nxonocraca Cnaco-Hpeopaxencxoro coopa ram, re
npexe nomemanact cama uyornopnax nxona.

Konax, rnac 2
Henspeuennaro n Foxecrnennaro Tnoero x uenonexom cmorpennx, Heonncannoe Cnono
Oruee, n opas nenncannt n oronncannt noenrenen neyme nenoxnoro Tnoero
nonnomennx, nounraem roro notsamme.

Crpancrnymmnx nac n mnpe cem, n ypem rpexon n comnenn oypenaemtx, Bcenarn
Cnacnrenm, ne ocrann n ne orcrynn or nac, Cnauamn Hncyce, xxo a ne nnsneprnemcx n
nyunny camosanennx n yntnnx, n ne ymannm n cee opas n noone Tnon, no Tt,
Iocnon Hncyce, noxpennxemn nemomt namy or Hcrounnxa naroarn Hpeuncrtx Tan
Tnonx, n raxo oxnnornopxemn ropenne ym namnx, nactmaemtx nmonnm x Tee, xxo a
nnuro ne pasnyunr nt or narocrn Tnoe, nonnmmnx Tn c naexom: Annnnyx

Hxona Cnac Hepyxo1nopnmn n Cnaco-Boponncxou uonac1mpe (Houocxonte)
Poccnx, Homocxonte, Cnaco-Foponncxn monacrtpt na Foponncxom none, nns .
Cemenoncxoe, xpam Cnaca Hepyxornopnoro
Hxona npnnanexana Penentcxomy nonxy. Hepe noxoom 1812 roa +ro nxono renepan
Anexcanp Tyuxon narocnonnn cnom cynpyry n, c cornacnx cocnyxnnnen, ocrannn nxony y
nee.
B namxrt o nornmem n Foponncxom cpaxennn renepane n ncex oponncxnx repoxx
xena renepana nauana crponrt xpam. B 1818 roy nauanoct nosneenne yctnantnnnt
Tyuxona. Ona tna cnpoexrnponana n ]opme anrnunoro mansonex n yxpamena nenxo n
xaprnnamn na noennym remy. B 1820 roy ee ocnxrnn apxnenncxon Mocxoncxn Anrycrnn
(Bnnorpacxn). Ha npantm xnnpocom Maprapnra Tyuxona cocrnennopyuno ycranonnna
nonxonym nxony Cnaca Hepyxornopnoro Opasa, nnocnecrnnn npocntnmym uyornopno.
B 1833 roy tn ocnonan n Cnaco-Foponncxn xencxn monacrtpt, xoropt cran
nonynxpen no nce Poccnn. Mnoxecrno nanomnnxon nocemano neontmo monacrtpt n
noxnonxnoct uyornopno cnxrtne.

Tponapt, rnac 2
Hpeuncromy opasy Tnoemy noxnanxemcx, Fnarn, npocxme npomennx nperpemenn
namnx, Xpncre Foxe: nonem o narononnn ecn nnornm nstrn na
Kpecr, a nsannmn, xxe cosan ecn, or paort npary. Temxe naroapcrnenno nonnem
Tn: paocrn ncnonnnn ecn ncx, Cnace nam, npnmet cnacrn mnp.

Bce cnnt neecntx copornymacx n ro uac, era ncxynnenne name conepmax, pacnxrne
na pene Kpecrnem nperepnen ecn, o Bcemnnocepnt Hncyce. B nyx xe pasonnnex,
pacnxrtx nmecre c Too, Bnatxo Bcenenno, oropasnncx nect mnp mnp nepntx n mnp
sna, norpxcennt rem, xax Tt na Ionro]e pacnpocrepn ecn Cnon npeuncrte pynn, at
ncex npnsnanrn x Cee. Pacnxrt no npanym pyxy onnnernopxer ncex nepymmnx n ynonanne
na Tex nosnoxnnmnx. Pacnxrt no nenym rex, xro snocnonnr Hmx Tnoe, nneprax cex n
esny rtmt. Mt xe c nmontm n naroapnocrtm x Tee nstnaem: Annnnyx.

Hxona Cnac Eneasaponcxnn
Poccnx, r. Hcxon, Hcxoncxn myse

Hpnmepno n 30 xnnomerpax x cenepy or Hcxona, no opore na Ion, neanexo or
Hcxoncxoro osepa cronr Cnaco-Eneasapon monacrtpt, ocnonannt n 1447 roy
npenoontm Eneasapom (En]pocnnom), Hcxoncxnm uyornopnem. (Hoxany, +ro tn
enncrnennt pyccxn monacrtpt, n nasnanne xoroporo nomno mnpcxoe nmx ero
ocnonarenx Eneasap, a ne monamecxoe En]pocnn.)
Ho ynpasnennn n 1766 roy Cnaco-Bennxonycrntncxoro monacrtpx, parcrno ero
npnuncnnnn x Eneasaponcxo onrenn, n nepenecnn orrya uyornopnym nxony Cnacnrenx.
C rex nop onrent nocnr nmx Cnaco-Eneasaponcxo Bennxonycrtnno.
Cnaco-Eneasaponcxn monacrtpt n ncropnn nsnecren xax onrannme crapna cxnmanpnra
Ianpnnna, n mecro poxennx yuennx crapna unno]ex (on c]opmynnponan n XV nexe
nepxonno-nonnrnuecxym nem Mocxnt Tpertero Pnma).
uyornopnax nxona Cnaca Eneasaponcxoro, nsxrax ns monacrtpx n 1920-x roax, ntne
naxonrcx n +xcnosnnnn Hcxoncxoro mysex. B nocnenne rot ner onrn nanor cnercxnx
nnacre, npecrannrentcrna mysex n Hepxnn o nepeaue uyornopnoro opasa Pyccxo
Hpanocnanno Hepxnn.

O Bennxn n Henocrnxnmt Foxe, Bcenarn n Cnauamn Hncyce Xpncre
Cnacnrenm, na ypyce Hnx Cno saneuarnent, Ant]a n Omera Hauano n Konen ncemy
cymemy, Bcemnnocepnt Hapm, Hxe nuepa, nect n no nexn To xe, no mnoxecrny
mepor Tnonx, ouncrn essaxonnx nama, n nmena nama n Knnse Xnnora nannmn, a yspnm n
mt npeneunt Ca 3emcxn, n xynno co nspanntmn Tnonmn onnamn nnnem no cnxrt
rpa Hepycannm Heecnt n ramo nactrnmcx cnant Tnoex n yem ntny nern nnnem x
Hnny Tee no ncx nexn nexon: Annnnyna.

Hxona Tponna
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Hepxont Hnxona n Cronnax, uro sa Tpertxxoncxo ranepee
uyornopnax nxona Cnxro Xnnonauantno Tponnt, nanncannax n XV nexe Anpeem
Pynentm. 3ro camax nounraemax cnxrtnx Tponne-Ceprneno Hanpt. Taxxe ona xnnxercx
ono ns camtx npocnannenntx pyccxnx nxon.
B ocnony nxont nonoxen nerxosanernt cmxer Iocrenpnnmcrno Anpaama,
nsnoxennt n nocemnanaro rnane nnecxo xnnrn Ftrnx. On nonecrnyer o rom, xax
npaoren Anpaam, poonauantnnx nspannoro napoa, ncrpernn y ypant Mampe rpex
ranncrnenntx crpannnxon, xoroptmn emy tno ano oeronanne o rpxymem uyecnom
poxennn ctna Hcaaxa. 3ro xnnenne Anpaamy rpex Anrenon cnmnonnuecxn pacxptnaer
opas Ennocymnoro n Tpnnnocracnoro Fora Cnxro Tponnt. Hmenno pynencxax nxona,
xax cunramr n nacroxmn momenr yuente, xax nentsx nyume coornercrnyer +rnm
npecrannennxm.
Anrent cnmnonnsnpymr rpn nnocracn Fora. Hent Anren, cnmnonnsnpymmn Fora Orna,
narocnonnxer uamy onaxo pyxa ero naxonrcx n oranennn, on xax t nepeaer uamy
nenrpantnomy Anreny, xoropt raxxe narocnonnxer ee n npnnnmaer, naxnonom ronont
ntpaxax cnoe cornacne: Orue Mo! Ecnn nosmoxno, a mnnyer Menx uama Cnx; nnpouem
ne xax xouy, no xax Tt (Enanrenne or Mar]ex 26:39).
Cnocrna xaxo nx rpex nnocrace pacxptnamr n nx cnmnonnuecxne arpnyrt om,
epeno, ropa. B ocnone ncero n mnpe nexnr nonx Fora Orna, n no+romy na Hnm
nsopaxaercx om Anpaama. Ha Anrenom, cnmnonnsnpymmnm Xpncra, naxonrcx epeno,
xoropoe cnyxnr nanomnnannem o xpecrno cmeprn Cnacnrenx n Ero nocxpecennn. Haxonen,
ropa cnmnon yxonnoro nocxoxennx nsopaxaercx na rpernm Anrenom Cnxrtm
yxom.
Enncrno rpex nnocrace Cnxro Tponnt xnnxercx conepmenntm npoopasom ncxxoro
ennennx n nmnn a yyr nce enno, xax Tt, Orue, no Mne, n n Tee, rax n onn a
yyr n Hac enno (Enanrenne or Hoanna 17:21).
B 1575 roy, xax cnnerentcrnymr sanncn Tponne-Cep-rneno nanpt, nxona tna
onoxena sonorom Hoannom Iposntm. B 1600 roy ona tna sanono yxpamena
paronenntm oxnaom napem Fopncom Ioynontm. Hpexnn xe sonoro oxna Hnana
Iposnoro tn nepenoxen c nee na cnennantno nanncannym nx +roro xonnm. Hont oxna
nonropnn xomnosnnnm oxnaa Hoanna Iposnoro. B 1626 roy napt Mnxann ueoponnu an
na nxony sonorte nart c +manxmn n paronenntmn xamnxmn. B XVIII nexe na nxony naenn
cepepxnte sonouente uexannte pnst (oexnnx Anrenon).
Boome cymecrnyer na cnncxa +ro nxont xonnx Ioynona (15981600 rr.) n xonnx
Fapanona n unpnxona (192628 rr.) nx mexynapono pecranpannonno ntcranxn nxon
1929 roa. 3ra xonnx tna nomemena n nxonocrac nmecro opnrnnana, nepenesennoro n
Tpertxxoncxym ranepem n 1929 roy. Ocnxmena ona tna n 1948 roy. Oe nxont ceronx
pasmemamrcx n nxonocrace Tponnxoro coopa Tponne-Ceprneno nanpt, re naxonnact n
cama nxona, noxa ne tna nepememena n Tpertxxoncxym ranepem.
Ho omenpnnxro n nacroxmn momenr nepcnn, ocnonanno na nepxonnom npeannn,
nxona tna nanncana n noxnany Ceprnm Paonexcxomy no saxasy ero yuennxa n
npeemnnxa nrymena Hnxona. Bonpoc o rom, xora nmenno +ro morno nponsorn, ocraercx
orxptrtm. Hastnamrcx ne nosmoxnte art cosannx. Otuno oe art n npnnoxrcx
uepes cnono nnn: 1411 ro nnn 142527 rot. Hxona tna nanncana nx Tponnxoro
coopa Tponne-Ceprneno Hanpt. Bonpoc cocronr n rom, nx xaxoro nmenno Tponnxoro
coopa ona tna nanncana: pannero, epenxnnoro 1411 roa nnn nroporo, xamennoro,
nocrpoennoro n 142527 roax.

Monnrna
Vnonanne moe Oren, npnexnme moe Ctn, noxpon mo yx Cnxro: Tponna Cnxrax,
cnana Tee.

O Hpecnxrax, Xnnornopxmax, Hepasennmax n Bceerentnax Tponne, Orue, Ctne n yme
Cnxrt, Enne ncrnnnt Foxe n Tnopue nam! Htnemnee name npnemmn naroapenne,
nnsnocnn nam naroart n cnny or ntcort cnxraro Hpecrona Tnoero, a, nonpanme ncx
nnorcxnx noxorn, no ncxnem narouecrnn n uncrore noxnnem o xonna nn namnx, ntny
nocxnanxmme npecnxroe nmx Tnoe n sonyme: Annnnyna.

Monnrna
Hpecnxrax Tponne, Ennocymnax epxano, ncex narnx Bnna, uro nosanm Tee sa ncx,
xxe nosana ecn nam, rpemntm n neocrontm, npexe nexe na cner nponstoxom, sa ncx,
xxe nosaemn xoemyxo nac no ncx nn n xxe yroronana ecn ncem nam n nene rpxymem?
Hooame yo, sa ronnxnx naroexnnx n meport, naroapnrn Tx ne cnonect rounm, no
naue ent, xpanxme n ncnonnxmme sanonen Tnox; mt xe, crpacrem namnm n sntm
otuaem nnemme, n esuncnenntx or mnocrn nnsneproxomcx rpexn n essaxonnx. Cero
pan, xxo neuncrtm n ocxnepnenntm, ne rounm npe rpncnernoe nnne Tnoe escryno
xnnrncx, no nnxe nmene Tnoero npecnxraro nspemn onnexme nam, ame t ne Tt Cama
naronsnonnna, no orpay namy, nosnecrnrn, xxo uncrtx n npanentx nmxmn, n rpemnnxn
xammnxcx mnnyemn n naroyrpone npnemnemn. Hpnspn yo, o Hpeoxecrnennax Tponne,
c ntcort Cnxrtx Cnant Tnoex na nac mnororpemntx, n naroe nponsnonenne name, nmecro
narnx en, npnnmn, n noaxt nam yxa ncrnnnaro noxaxnnx, a nosnenannenme ncxxn
rpex, n uncrore n npane o xonna nn namnx noxnnem, rnopxme npecnxrym nonm Tnom n
cnanxme uncrtmn nomtcnt n narnmn exntmn cnauamee n nennxonenoe nmx Tnoe.
Amnnt.
Hxona Aosanne Xpnc1a Hyom
Poccnx, Homocxonte, Hornncxn p-n, n. Bocxpecencxoe, nepxont Hoxpona Hpecnxro
Foroponnt

3ra uyornopnax nxona panee npnnanexana Fepnmxoncxo nycrtnn (Hnxono-
Fepnmxoncxn monacrtpt n 42 xnnomerpax x cenepo-nocroxy or Mocxnt). Hxona tna
cnacena mecrntmn xnrenxmn npn saxptrnn nycrtnn n 1920-e rot. Bnnmo, +ra nxona
ouent nounranact n oxpyre, net ona noxnonnna mecrnoro macrepa cenart ynnxantnym
epenxnnym pesnym nxony na cxont cmxer.
B 1829 roy n Fepnmxoncxo onrenn openn nxony Hosanne Xpncra Cnacnrenx
Hyom, ncxope npocnannnmymcx uyornopennxmn. Bor uro nnmer o +rom Haexa
xonnena, utn ponrenn uacro nocemann nycrtnt: B monacrtpt npnmna xenmnna,
xoropax, yyun rxxeno ontna, nnena no cne, uro oneruenne e npnnecer monnrna nepe
pexo nxono, nsopaxanme npearentcrno Hyt. He onapyxnn ee nn n ono ns
monacrtpcxnx nepxne, ona oparnnact x monaxam. Hxont ne tno n n pnsnnne. Tora
monacrtpcxn nexapt ncnomnnn, uro epenxnnt xpyr, xoroptm on saxptnaer xnamnm,
xpannr na cee nonycreprte nnxn. Hpomtnn ero n onapyxnnn nxony.
Ho cnnerentcrny Hnana Benenxnna, nanomnnxn, memne n monacrtpt, ronopnnn, uro
nyr x Cnacnrenm, nmex n nny uyornopnym nxony.

Monnrna xo Iocnoy o npomennn, sacrynnennn n nomomn
B pyne Tnoero npenennxaro mnnocepnx, o Foxe mo, npyuam ymy n reno moe, uyncrna n
rnaront mox, conert n nomtmnennx mox, ena mox n ncx rena n ymn moex nnxennx. Bxo
n ncxo mo, nepy n xnrentcrno moe, reuenne n xonunny xnnora moero, ent n uac
nstxannx moero, npecrannenne moe, ynoxoenne ymn n rena moero. Tt xe, o
Hpemnnocepe Foxe, ncero mnpa rpexamn nenpeoonenaemax Fnarocre, nesnonne, Iocnon,
mene, naue ncex uenonexon rpemnemaro, npnnmn n pyne samnmennx Tnoero n nsann or
ncxxaro sna, ouncrn mnoroe mnoxecrno essaxonn monx, noaxt ncnpannenne snomy n
oxaxnnomy moemy xnrnm n or rpxymnx rpexonaenn nmrtx ncera nocxnma mx, a nn n
uemxe xora npornenam Tnoe uenonexonmne, nmxe noxptna nemomt mom or econ,
crpacre n sntx uenonexon. Bparom nnnmtm n nennnmtm sanpern, pyxonocrnyx mx
cnacenntm nyrem, onen x Tee, npncrannmy moemy n xenann monx xpam. apy mn
xonunny xpncrnancxy, nenocrtny, mnpny, or nosymntx yxon snot conmn, na
Crpamnom Tnoem Cye mnnocrnn pay Tnoemy yn n npnurn mx oecnym narocnonenntm
Tnonm onnam, a c nnmn Tee, Tnopna moero, cnannm no nexn. Amnnt.

Hxona Hpenoonmn Maxapnn en1onocxnn, Ynaencxnn
Poccnx, Hnxeropocxax on., Htcxoncxn p-n, noc. Maxapteno, nent eper Bonrn,
Cnxro-Tponnxn npenoonoro Maxapnx Xenronocxoro xencxn monacrtpt

Hxona Hpenoont Maxapn Xenronocxn, Vnxencxn tna ntnonnena no saxasy
nrymena Maxaptencxoro Xenronocxoro Cnxro-Tponnxoro myxcxoro monacrtpx
Hnnapnona n 1661 roy n yrpauena nocne penonmnnn, xora monacrtpt tn saxptr n
pasopen.
uyeca no monnrnam x npenoonomy Maxapnm nauann conepmartcx cpasy nocne ero
xonunnt n npoonxamr conepmartcx o cnx nop. Cnxro oeperan pyccxne ropoa n
nocxa, npnerammne x nemy nonyuann nomomt n oxx, ncnenenne or onesne, ntxncrna,
samnman cnatx or nanaennx, cnacan oruaxnmnxcx or rpexonaenn. Tenept, xax n
pantme, nmn monxrcx npenoonomy nepe ero nxono o ncex cnonx nyxax n enax, o
coxpanennn Hpanocnanno nept n Poccnn.
6 anrycra 2005 roa n Hcropnxo-apxnrexrypnom mysee-sanonennxe enncxon
Hnxeropocxn n Apsamaccxn Ieoprn conepmnn moneen npenoonomy Maxapnm
Xenronocxomy, nocne uero nxona npenoonoro Maxapnx Xenronocxoro n Vnxencxoro
uyornopna paort Cnmona Vmaxona tna nepeana Hnxeropocxo enapxnn.
Hxona nocrynnna n myse n 1957 roy n pesyntrare +xcnennnonntx copon: ee namna
corpynnx mysex Mapnx Hnxonaenna Ionyena na uepaxe Htcxoncxoro mysex,
pacnonoxennoro n tnmem sannn Ieoprnencxo nepxnn. Honnocrtm nxona tna orxptra n
1962 roy n Iocyapcrnenntx nenrpantntx pecranpannonntx macrepcxnx nmenn H. 3.
Ipaapx.
o 1994 roa nxona Hpenoont Maxapn Xenro-nocxn, Vnxencxn Cnmona
Vmaxona naxonnact n ncropnuecxo +xcnosnnnn Hnxeropocxoro rocyapcrnennoro
ncropnxo-apxnrexrypnoro mysex-sanonennxa, a nocnenne onnnanart ner, nocne
saxptrnx mysex na pecranpannm, n sanacnnxax.
Bnepnte nonpoc o nepeaue nxont tn nocrannen n 2003 roy, no urot ntnonnnrt nce
]opmantnocrn n nonyunrt nce paspemennx, norpeonanoct na roa. Hocne +roro nxona
ocnonarenx onrenn sanxna nooammee e mecro n Apxanrentcxom coope Cnxro-
Tponnxoro Maxaptencxoro Xenronocxoro xencxoro monacrtpx.

Tponapt, rnac 5
nect rpa rno Iannu room xnannrcx, n xonnex o ero npecnerno, xxo nenne connne,
noscnxn ecn n uyect rnonmn, npenoone Maxapne, ncx osapnn ecn. H ntne monncx
Iocnoenn nsannrncx ymam namnm or npenecrn npaxnx n cnacrncx rpay rnoemy or
norancxaro nanrnx.

Hno rponapt, rnac 4
Foromypt Xenronocxnx onrenn nepnosarenm, Foronocrannennt monamecxaro
xnrnx cronne, naronncannt ocrouynaro nocrnnuecrna opase, Forosannt yxa
Cnxraro cocye, snarosapnoe Pyccxnx semnn cnernno ncecnernoe, monnm rx, orue Maxapne,
cnerosapnom monnrn rnonx nyuem paspema mpauntx crpacre namnx onax.

Monnrna
O npenoone n Foronocne orue nam Maxapne! Bepyem, xxo rt, npecrox npecrony
Hpecnxrtx Tponnt, nenne nmamn epsnonenne n monnrnax xo Bcemnnocrnnomy Iocnoy
Fory, nxe ncera nocnymaer ree, nepnaro paa n yronnxa Cnoero.
Cero pan co ymnnennem cmnpenno npnnaaem x ree, cnxrue Foxn, ne npemonun o nac
monnrncx xo Iocnoy Fory, n Tponne noxnanxemomy n cnannmomy, a mnnocrnno npnspen na
nt, ne nonycrnr nam nornnyrn no rpecex namnx, no a noscrannr namnx, a noacr
ncnpannenne snomy n oxaxnnomy namemy xnrnm, or rpxymnx rpexonaenn nocxnmax, n
a npocrnr nam ncx, ennxa camn coom nnn upes pyrnx xoro, corpemnxom mtcnnm, cnonom
n enom, or poxennx o cero uaca.
Tt, nonnxnnue opoerene, orue nam Maxapne, necn nemomt ecrecrna namero n
rxxecrt n cxopt, npemen nacroxmnx, monn yo ntny Iocnoa Fora, a nnxonnxe nac
ocrannxer Ero nenspeuennoe mnnocepne, no a xpannr nac or mnpcxnx ncxymenn, or
nanontcxnx cere n or nnorcxnx noxore, a npnnmem or Iocnoa Fora room n ncx
norpenax x xnsnn npemenne, ocnooxenne or e n nanacre, a cpen nx neocnanoe
repnenne o xonna.
Hcnpocn nam y Iocnoa Fora n mnpe n noxaxnnn cxonuarn xnnor nam n nenospanno
npenrn or semnn na Heo, mtrapcrn xe n econ nosymntx n neuntx myxn nsannrncx n
cnoonrncx Hapcrna Heecnaro, c room n co ncemn cnxrtmn, yronnmnmn Iocnoy Fory
n Cnacnrenm namemy Hncycy Xpncry, Emyxe nooaer ncxxax cnana, uecrt n noxnonenne,
co Fesnauantntm Ero Ornem n c Hpecnxrtm, n Fnarnm, n Xnnornopxmnm Ero yxom, ntne
n npncno n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Cnn1n1ent Hoann Toontcxnn
Poccnx, r. Tmment, yn. Feperonax, 77, nepxont Bosnecennx Iocnonx

Cnxrnrent Hoann (Maxcnmonnu), Toontcxn n ncex Cnnpn uyornopen, ponncx n 1651
roy n nopxncxo cemte n yxpanncxom ropoe Hexnne. B 1680 roy, on npnnxn
monamecrno. B 1685 roy Harpnapx Hoaxnm nopyunn apxnmanpnry Hoanny ynpannxrt
Fpxncxnm Cnencxnm monacrtpem. Bcrynnn n ynpannenne enapxne nocne cmeprn
apxnenncxona ueoocnx, nnatxa Hoann orxptn n uepnnrone npn apxnepecxom ome
Konnernym, noont Knencxo axaemnn. Ho yponnm orocnoncxoro opasonannx n
nocnnrannx nonax mxona nonyunna mnpoxym nsnecrnocrt.
B 1711 roy Hoann Maxcnmonnu tn nepeneen n Cnnpt, na Toontcxym xa]epy. 14
anrycra 1711 roa on npntn n Toontcx. Bnatxa Hoann neycranno saornncx o
npocnemennn cnoe nacrnt, yconepmencrnonan orxptrym n 1703 roy Toontcxym
apxnepecxym mxony. Mnoro rpyon nonoxnn mnrpononnr Hoann na yxpennenne n
pacnpocrpanenne xpncrnancrna n Cnnpn. Hcropnuecxne cnnerentcrna ronopxr, uro
mnrpononnr Hoann nocroxnno nomoran nmxm, tn cxpomen n rnx, ero om ncera tn
orxptr nx ncex nyxammnxcx n nomomn n yremennn. Hpecrannncx cnxro yronnx 10
(23) nmnx 1715 roa. ent ero namxrn 23 nmnx (10 nmnx no crap. cr.).
Cpasy nocne xonunnt cnxrnrenx n npanocnannom napoe yrnepnnoct ero nounranne xax
cnxroro.
Ho monnrnam cnxrnrenx Hoanna conepmannct mnorne uyeca. B nauane XX nexa, n 1916
roy, cnxrnrent Hoann tn npnuncnen x nnxy cnxrtx. B rmmencxom Bosnecencxo-
Ieoprnencxom xpame naxonrcx uyornopnax nxona cnxrnrenx Hoanna Toontcxoro. Or nee
nepymmne nonyuamr neoxonmym nomomt. Foromontnt co nce Cnnpn n ns pyrnx
yronxon npanocnanno Poccnn nyr co cnonmn nyxamn x cnxrnrenm n nonyuamr
naroarnoe yremenne no ero monnrnam.

Tponapt
Hacrannnue narouecrnx, cnporcrnymmnx nnrarenm, cxopxmnx yremnrenm,
neyrymmnx npauy esmesnt, ymem crpaxymnx cxopt nomomnnue, rennt
monnrnennnue o ncex xo Iocnoy, cnxrnrenm orue Hoanne, monn Xpncra Fora cnacrncx
ymam namnm.

Hxona cnn1n1enn Hnxonan Kpyrnan ocxa

Poccnx, r. Honropo, Honropocxn myse
Ocoennocrtm nxont cnxrnrenx Hnxonax Kpyrnax ocxa xnnxercx ee neotxnonennax
xpyrnax ]opma, or xoropo ona n nonyunna cnoe nasnanne. uopma nxont nnnmo
nocnponsnonna ]opmy +manentx, mpamopntx c mosanxo, xepamnuecxnx n p.
nnsanrncxnx nxon.
Ho nerene +ra nxona xonnx ro, xoropax naxonnact na xopax Knencxo Co]nn n n
npocropeunn nastnanact nxono Hnxont Moxporo. Hmx Moxpt nocnomnnanne o
nponcmecrnnn, nsnecrnom xax uyo o orpouare, cornopmeecx no rpae Knene. Hxona
Hnxona Moxpt n cnoe npemx tna noneprnyra pecranpannonnomy pacxptrnm, no rax n
ocranact ne nsanno, n, no cnyxam, no npemx nont ee ynesnn sa pyex.
Hpeanne cnxstnaer noxnnenne nxont cnxrnrenx Hnxonax Kpyrnax ocxa c uyecntm
ncnenennem nonropocxoro xnxsx Mcrncnana Bnanmnponnua ctna Bnanmnpa
Monomaxa.
Cornacno nerene, rxxeno saonenmemy na rpnnarom roy xnsnn n nocemnanarom roy
xnxxennx n Honropoe xnxsm Mcrncnany xnnncx no cne cnxro Hnxona Mnpnnxncxn,
nonenen emy nanpannrt nocontcrno n Knen sa xpyrno nxono Hnxont. Ho nocnanntx
sacrnrna ypx n nm yanoct opartcx rontxo o ocrpona Hnnno na osepe Hntment. Hmenno
ram na uerneprt ent onn n openn npnnntnmym no nonnam xpyrnym nxony c opasom
cnxrnrenx Hnxonax.
Bnocnecrnnn na mecre xnnennx nxont, na ocrpone Hnnnom, tn ycrpoen monacrtpt c
xamenntm xpamom no nmx cnxrnrenx Hnxonax. Ho monnrne nepe +ro nxono xnxst
Mcrncnan ncxope ntsoponen.
B 1113 roy n namxrt o ncnenennn xnxsem tn nosneen Hnxono-nopnmencxn coop, n
xoropom operennax nxona crana xpamono. Bnocnecrnnn +ra uyornopnax nxona tna
ynesena Hnanom III n Mocxny n naxonnact n nepxnn Poxecrna Foroponnt n Kpemne, re
nornna no npemx noxapa 1627 roa. Mepnt (r. e. raxo xe nennunnt) cnncox c nee,
raxxe ncnonnennt na xpyrno ocxe, npetnan n coope nocroxnno nnnort o 30-x roon
XX nexa, a sarem tn nepean n Honropocxn myse.
Hxona xpyrno ]opmt c noxcntm nsopaxennem cnxrnrenx Hnxonax Mnpnnxncxoro,
nponcxoxmax ns nepxnn Cnxrnrenx Hnxonax na nopnme n Honropoe (ceuac ona n
Honropocxom mysee), onn ns camtx ynnnrentntx namxrnnxon pennepyccxo
nxononncn, xax ns-sa neotuno ]opmt, rax n ns-sa nponcxoxennx. Hccneonannx,
npenpnnxrte ncropnxamn na nporxxennn nocnennx ecxrnnern, n rom uncne
nynnxannn nontx ncrounnxon, noxastnamr: nxona ecrnnrentno morna trt npnnesena
oxono 1113 ro n cnxsn c ocnonannem Hnxontcxoro xpama. B 1502 roy opnrnnan tn nsxr n
Mocxny, re nnocnecrnnn norn n noxape.
Hensnecrno, uro cnyunnoct c nepno xonne xpyrno nxont, xoropax tna cenana n 1502
roy. Hpnunno ee ncuesnonennx mor trt noxap (nanpnmep, xecrouamn noxap nce
Toprono cropont n 1508 r.), nno pyroe ecrnne.
nx Honropoa n XVI nexe tna cenana xonnx, xoropax, nnnmo, n omna o namero
npemenn. 3ra nxona n omna o namero npemenn. Hepe ne monxrcx o ncnenennn n
nsannennn n rpyntx xnsnenntx cnryannxx.

Tponapt na poxecrno cnxrnrenx Hnxonax uyornopna, rnac 4
uynoe n cnannoe poxecrno rnoe, cnxrnrenm Hnxonae, Hepxont nect npanocnanntx
cnerno npasnyer, no croxnnem nory rnoem xnn rx Iocnot n nponosnecrn trn
cnernntnnxa n yunrenx mnpxnom, nect mnp ooramamma n npocnemamma uyect. Tem
nonnem rn: monn Xpncra Fora cnacrncx ymam namnm.

Bcxxnx yronn onesnn, nennxn nam sacrynnnue Hnxonae: pacrnopxx naroarnax
npauenannx, ycnaxammax ymn nama, cepna xe necenxmax ncex ycepno x nomomn rnoe
npnrexammnx, Fory xe nonnmmnx: Annnnyna.

Monnrna
O, ncecnxrt Hnxonae, yronnue npenspxnt Iocnoent, rennt nam sacrynnnue, n
nese n cxopex cxopt nomomnnue! Homosn mne rpemnomy n yntnomy n nacroxmem cem
xnrnn, ymonn Iocnoa Fora aponarn mn ocrannenne ncex monx rpexon, ennxo corpemnx or
mnocrn moex, no ncem xnrnn moem, enom, cnonom, nomtmnennem n ncemn monmn uyncrnt;
n no ncxoe ymn moex nomosn mn oxaxnnomy, ymonn Iocnoa Fora, ncex rnapn Coerenx,
nsannrn mx nosymntx mtrapcrn n neunaro myuennx: a ncera npocnannxm Orna n Ctna
n Cnxraro yxa, n rnoe mnnocrnnnoe npecrarentcrno, ntne n npncno n no nexn nexon.
Amnnt.

Hyo1nopnmn Komapcxnn Kpec1
Poccnx, r. Fenropo, Kpecronosnnxencxn xpam

Bo npemena cnxrnrenx Hoaca]a (17481754 rr.) n Komapax npoxnnan orart
semnennaenen Rpn Btpoon. B ero ome naxonncx Kpecr, npncnannt pontm parom
nocnymnnxom A]oncxoro monacrtpx.
Ho pasnpamennt nomemnx ne nnran x cnxrtne nn manemero naroronennx. H onaxt
nocne neyauno oxort, on n rnene npnxasan cnyram pocnrt Kpecr n onoro. Mne
ronopnnn, uro on cnxro n uyornopnt, a mne on ne npnnocnr nnxaxo nontst, noxcnnn
nomemnx onemnnmnm nopontm nmxm cnoe neponomnoe pemenne. Komyncrnennoe
npnxasanne tno ncnonneno, n cnxro Kpecr oxasancx n saonouennom mecre nenoanexy or
oma Btpoona.
Hpomno mnoro ner. Xosxnn nmennx ymep. Kax ronopnnn n napoe nmro cmeprtm
rpemnnxa. Kpecr sarxnyno onoro. A n xonne XVIII nexa nponsomno uyo. Onn cneno
uenonex ycntman no cne ronoc, oemanmn emy ncnenenne, ecnn on ntnecer ns xomapcxo
rpxcnnt nopyrannym cnxrtnm. On nsxn c coo necxontxo nomomnnxon n ornpannncx na
noncxn Kpecra. Ero yanoct narn. H nnmt rontxo cneno npnnoxnncx x cnxrtne roruac
npospen n nauan cnannrt Fora! A na mecre operennx Kpecra noxnnncx ncrounnx. Becrt o
operennom Kpecre tcrpo pasnecnact no oxpecrnocrxm n npnnnexna rtcxun oromontnen,
mnorne ns xoroptx nonyunnn ncnenenne or pasnnuntx neyron.
B nepnoe npemx Kpecr croxn na ycrpoenntx nx nero nomocrxax, sarem tn nepenecen n
xamennym uaconnm, nocrpoennym roramnnm semnennaentnem Hysanontm, a eme nosxe
n Fenropocxn Hnxonaencxn monacrtpt, re naxonncx oxono rpnnarn ner. B
nacroxmn momenr naxonrcx n Kpecronosnnxencxom xpame Fenropoa. Ho
nocnomnnannxm mecrntx xnrene nepexo nanomnnxon, npnesxanmnx na noxnonenne
cnxrtne ns pasntx mecr crpant, tno orpomnoe xonnuecrno.
Bonna optt c pennrnosntm ypmanom ne morna oorn xpam, n xoropom naxonnact
cront nounraemax cnxrtnx. B 1927 roy ontmennxn pemnnnct noxycnrtcx na rnannym
cnxrtnm xpama. Ho npn nsxrnn uenonex, epsxo nocxrnynmn na Kpecr, tn nopaxen
monnne. Cnxrtnm nepnynn n xpam n pemnnn npocro saxptrt ero, uro n cenann n nauane
30-x. Ho xrnrop xpama ornpannnact n Mocxny n nepnynact omo c pesonmnne or camoro
Knpona: Xpam orxptrt! uepes nexoropoe npemx npnxoxane nnont ncrann na samnry
nepxnn n orcroxnn npano ne saxptnart ee. H c nauana copoxontx roon esycnemnte
nontrxn optt c Kpecronosnnxencxnm xpamom nnacrn ocrannnn. B rot Bennxo
Oreuecrnenno nont orocnyxenne n xpame ne npexpamanoct. Hpnxoxane neycranntmn
monnrnamn n conpaemtmn noxeprnonannxmn crpemnnnct nomout ]ponry.
Cnyxenne Kpecronosnnxencxoro xpama ne npexpamanact, xorx npemenamn npnxonno n
ynaox. Hmn npnxonnn x Komapcxomy Kpecry n no nepe nonyuann nomomt, ncnenennx,
yremennx. B 1998 roy tn nnont orxptr Komapcxn ncrounnx. Honyuamr nn ceronx
nmn naroarnym nomomt or Kpecra? na +ror nonpoc nacroxrenm xpama orny Hoanny
npnxonrcx orneuart uacro. H, xax npannno, n +rnx cnyuaxx on noxastnaer nnctma nme, n
xoroptx paccxastnaercx o cnyuaxx ncnenennx y uyornopnoro Kpecra. Kax n npexe nmn
ne nepecramr npnctnart naroapcrnennte cnnerentcrna uyoecrnenno nomomn
cnxrtnn.

Monnrna uecrnomy Kpecry
a nocxpecner For, n pacrouarcx npasn Ero, n a exar or nnna Ero nenannxmne Ero. xo
ncuesaer tm, a ncuesnyr, xxo raer nocx or nnna ornx, raxo nornnyr ecn or nnna
nmxmnx Fora n snamenymmnxcx xpecrntm snamenem, n n necennn rnaronxmnx: paycx,
Hpeuecrnt n Xnnornopxmn Kpecre Iocnoent, nporonx ect cnnom na ree nponxroro
Iocnoa namero Hncyca Xpncra, no a cmemero n nonpanmaro cnny nanonm, n
aponanmero nam ree Kpecr Cno uecrnt na npornanne ncxxaro cynocrara. O,
Hpeuecrnt n Xnnornopxmn Kpecre Iocnoent! Homora mn co Cnxrom Iocnoxem
enom Foroponnem n co ncemn cnxrtmn no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hyo1nopnmn Knncxnn Kpec1 c uomaun cnn1mx
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Kpannnnncxn nep., 4., xpam npenoonoro Ceprnx Paonexcxoro n
Kpannnnnxax

Knnapncont Kpecr-momennx, naxoxmncx n nacroxmee npemx n xpame npenoonoro
Ceprnx Paonexcxoro, tn rnanno cnxrtne Kpecrnoro monacrtpx na ocrpone Kn,
ycrpoennoro Cnxremnm Harpnapxom Hnxonom.
Ho npeannm, nauano tno nonoxeno nanmenonannem camoro ocrpona. B 1639 roy
Harpnapx Hnxon, yyun n ro npemx eme nepomonaxom, tn npnnecen ype x ocrpony. On,
ncrynnn na rpannrnym rnept, cnpocnn: Kn ce ocrpon? Hocxontxy ocrpon tn nycr, n
xnnenxnm nmem nenpnroen, on n nasnannx ne nmen. Tora Hnxon cxasan: Hycrt xe ce
ocrpon sonercx Kn.
Fnaroapx Fora sa cnacenne, Harpnapx Hnxon pemnn nocrannrt na ocrpone Kpecr n
ycrponrt monacrtpt. Onaxo cnoe namepenne on cmor ntnonnnrt rontxo uepes nacxontxo
ner. B 1656 roy Hnxon nocrannn na ocrpone noxnonnt Kpecr, o xoropom rax ynomnnaercx
n monacrtpcxnx onncannxx: na mro-nocrouno cropone monacrtpx, na npncrann none
mopx, uaconnx c Kpecrom. Ha Kpecre nsopaxenne Pacnxroro, nncannoe camnm Hnxonom
n 1643 roy, xora Hnxon tn nrymenom n Koxeesepcxom monacrtpe.
Hs Hanecrnnt npnnesent tnn no npocte Harpnapxa Hnxona na Kpecra ns pena
xnnapncnoro, n ntcory n n mnpnny no ncem noont mepom Kpecry Xpncrony: onn
npenasnauancx nx Ionro]cxoro npnena xpama Bocxpecennx Xpncrona n Hono-
Hepycannmcxom monacrtpe, pyro nx Kpecrnoro monacrtpx. Hocnenn cam
Cnxremn Harpnapx onoxnn cpepom n snarom n paronenntm xamennem, n ncepom
yxpacnn. H nonoxnn n nem cnxrte momn rpexcor cnxrtx.
B onncannn Kpecra ronopnrcx: B cpenne roro uecrnaro Kpecra yrnepxen Konuer
cpepxno xonano sonoueno, n xoropom uacrt Cnxrtx n Xnnornopxmnx Kpone Iocnonn,
uacrt Cnxrtx Pnst Iocnonn, uacrt mnexa Hpecnxrtx Foroponnt, uacrt xpone Hoanna
Hpereun, uacrt xpone anocrona Hanna n uacrt camoro pena Kpecra Iocnonx.
Kpecr tn ycranonnen n narocnonenne ncem nocennnmnmcx na ocrpone, sacrynax n
cnacax xaxoro, npnrexammero x nemy no rpeonannm ero n ymnomy namepennm. Ho
cnnerentcrnam conpemennnxon cnno roro Kpecra mnorne cnacannct or mopcxaro
noronnennx. Taxxe n onncannn cnxrtnn ronopnnoct: romy, xro c nepo oparnrtcx x +romy
Xnnornopxmemy Kpecry, a nonyunr or Fora naroart raxym xe, xax nyremecrnymmne n
Hanecrnny.
Kncxn Kpecr npetnan na Kn-ocrpone o saxptrnx monacrtpx n 1923 roy. Tontxo n
1854 roy on ntnosnncx ns monacrtpx nnny namecrnnx anrnnuan, npn +rom tnn yrepxnt
nexoropte momn. o anrnnuan no croponam Kpecra naxonnnct nncannte na xoncre opasa
c npecroxmnmn Foxne Marepnm n Hoannom Forocnonom. Opas Foxne Marepn no
ormecrnnn anrnnuan naen tn nonpexenntm xonontm opyxnem n nepenecen n
nepxont, a nxony Hoanna Forocnona anrnnuane ynesnn c coo.
B 19231930 rot Kpecr naxonncx n anrnpennrnosnom mysee n Cononenxom narepe, o
uem coxpannnact samerxa n rasere Kapeno-Mypmancxn xpa (1927. N 7. C. 9). B samerxe
yxastnaercx, uro Kpecr tn yxpamen nncrontm nosonouenntm oxnaom, nosnee
yrpauenntm. 3arem Kpecr tn nepenesen n Mocxny n xpannncx n sanacnnxax Hcropnuecxoro
mysex.
B anrycre 1991 roa Kpecr tn nepean n xpam npenoonoro Ceprnx Paonexcxoro n
Kpannnnnxax. Foxecrnenntm cmorpennem nropnunoe ocnxmenne rnannoro npnena tno
conepmeno 30 anrycra 1991 roa, n ent namxrn Cnxremero Harpnapxa Hnxona, cnycrx 310
ner co nx ero naxennoro ynoxoennx.

Tponapt, rnac 1
Cnacn, Iocnon, nmn Tnox, n narocnonn ocroxnne Tnoe, noet na conpornnntx
apyx, n Tnoe coxpanxx Kpecrom Tnonm xnrentcrno.

Kparxax monnrna uecrnomy n Xnnornopxmemy Kpecry
Orpan mx, Iocnon, cnnom uecrnaro n Xnnornopxmaro Tnoero Kpecra, n coxpann mx or
ncxxaro sna.

Yrpemcxan nxona Cnn1n1enn Hnxonan
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Tpertxxoncxax ranepex

3namennrt opas Hnxonax uyornopna nonan n Tpertxxoncxym ranepem ns Hnxono-
Vrpemcxoro monacrtpx. Hnxono-Vrpemcxn myxcxo monacrtpt, xorx n ne nxonr n uncno
mocxoncxnx onrene, na nporxxennn cnoe 600-nerne ncropnn recnemnmn ysamn tn
cnxsan co cronnne. Conpemennax rpannna Mocxnt nourn nnnornym npnnnsnnact x
monacrtpm, no n momenr ocnonannx ero orenxnn or Mocxnt 15 nepcr. 3ro tno
xnnonncnoe mecro, re n 1380 roy no nyrn na Kynnxono none nocxo Bennxoro xnxsx
mnrpnx Hnanonnua ocranonnnoct na ortx.
Hmenno sect xnnnact naronepnomy xnxsm mnrpnm nxona cnxrnrenx uyornopna
Hnxonax, yxpennna Knxsx nepo n naexo n cnx ncx yrpema cepne ero. C rex nop +ro
mecro nastnaercx Vrpema.
Bosnpamaxct c Kynnxoncxo nrnt, orcnyxnnn moneen na mecre uyecnoro xnnennx
nxont, n naronepnt xnxst nmnrpn nonenen nosnnrnyrt sect xpam n nnouecxym
onrent no nmx cnxrnrenx Hnxonax. H nosnnrny ry onrent cnanny, n yonontcrnonam x
nponnrannm ncem norpentm necxyno, coomaer monacrtpcxax xnnra.
o saxptrnx monacrtpx n uaconne xpannncx ocrarox cocnt na xoropo xnnnact nxona.
Hocne saxptrnx onrenn cnapyxn n nnyrpn uaconnn nce tno pasopeno, a nxona nepeana n
Tpertxxoncxym ranepem.

Bospannt uyornopue n nspxnt yronnue Xpncron, mnpy ncemy ncrouax
mnoronennoe mnnocrn mnpo, n nencuepnaemoe uyec mope, nocxnanxm rx nmonnm,
Cnxrnrenm Hnxonae: rt xe xxo nmex epsnonenne xo Iocnoy, or ncxxnx mx e cnoon,
a sony rn: Paycx, Hnxonae, nennxn uyornopue.

Hpononeyer mnp nect ree, npenaxenne Hnxonae, cxoparo n eax sacrynnnxa: xxo
mnoraxt no ennom uace, no semnn nyremecrnymmnm n no mopm nnanammnm, npenapxx,
nococrnyemn, xynno ncex or sntx coxpanxx, nonnmmnx x Fory: Annnnyna.

Monnrna
O nacrtpm opt, yunrenm n nacrannnue nam, Cnxrnrenm orue Hnxonae! Tt, anrentcxn
noxnn na semnn, no npecrannennn rnoem xxo Anren narn npocnxn ecn, monxmnmcx ree
npncnt nomomnnx xnnxxcx. Bepyem or ncex ymn n nomtmnennx, xxo rnonmn ne
noxntmn xoaracrnt n naroarnm, onntno aponannym ree or Iocnoa Cnaca namero,
namemy cnacennm npncno cnococrnyemn. Vo n n uac ce nama neocronax npnnmn
monennx; cnoon nac rnonm sacrynnennem or onexamaro nac cyecnonnx n cyemypnx,
nenpanonepnx n snonepnx uenoneuecxaro; monncx mnp ncem ammemy nnsnocnarn mnp
nepxnam, pacrouennax xe noenno coparn; monn mnnocrnnaro Iocnoa, a Hmnxe necrt
cytamn cnacer nac or nperpemenn namnx; monn narocrt Ero, o exe mnnocrnnno noarn
nam n ncemy mnpy norpenax, a nenpecranno cnannm, xnannm, noem n nennuaem npeuecrnoe
n nennxonenoe nmx Orna n Ctna n Cnxraro yxa, ntne n npncno n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.
Hxona cnn1oro anoc1ona n enanrennc1a Hoanna Borocnona

Poccnx, Pxsancxax on., Ptnoncxn p-n, c. Homynono, Cnxro-Hoanno-Forocnoncxn
monacrtpt

uyornopnax nxona cnxrnrenx Hoanna Forocnona ona ns cnxrtnt, nepeanntx
Koncranrnnonontcxo nepxontm Pyccxo semne. 3ror opas cran rnanno cnxrtne
monacrtpx. Cama +ra nxona, no npeannm, tna nanncana n VI nexe n Bnsanrnn mantunxom-
cnporo, pyxo xoroporo nonn cam xnnnmncx emy anocron Hoann Forocnon.
B 1237 roy cnxro anocron n enanrenncr Hoann Forocnon samnrnn cnom onrent or
rarapo-monrontcxnx sanoenarene. B ry nopy xan Fart, pasopnn cronnny Pxsancxoro
xnxxecrna, Crapym Pxsant, n nponnraxct co cnonm nocxom nont Oxn na Konomny,
npncrynnn x Hoanno-Forocnoncxomy monacrtpm c namepennem orpanrt ero n cxeut.
Onaxo rposnt xan n ero nonnt tnn ycrpament nnennem cnxroro anocrona Hoanna
Forocnona. Orxasanmnct or mtcnn pasopnrt onrent Fart, ocrannn npn uyornopno
nxone cnom sonorym neuart, xoropax xpannnact nnoxamn na nporxxennn 416-rn ner. B 1653
roy npn apxnenncxone Pxsancxom, cnxmennomyuennxe Mncanne, xora uyornopnt opas
npemenno naxonncx n crapom Vcnencxom coope Pxsancxoro Kpemnx, neuart tna cnxra
nx nosnamennx ontmo noocnxrno uamn.
B XVI nepno nononnne XVII nexa monacrtpt nperepnenan mnoroxparnte pasopennx co
cropont xptmcxnx rarap, no nensmenno nospoxancx. Hpeanne paccxastnaer, uro nocne
onoro ns raxnx pasopenn n XVI cronernn tna cenana nontrxa nepenecrn monacrtpt n
onee esonacnoe mecro n ceno Btcoxoe Mnxanoncxoro yesa, x saceuno uepre, no
samnry pyccxnx norpannuntx pyxnn. Ho anocron Hoann Forocnon +roro ne xenan. Ero
uyornopnax nxona cxptnact ns mecrnoro xpama n tna nnont operena n nsnauantno
Forocnoncxo onrenn, no yxe ne na crapom mecre, a necxontxo cenepnee, n monacrtpcxom
necy na orpomnom ye, re ntne nosntmaercx coop no nmx anocrona n enanrenncra
Hoanna Forocnona. Hacroxrent c parne, ycmorpen n uyecnom nepenecennn opasa
npasymnenne cntme, nepnynnct na npexnee mecro. y xe +ror, o camoro nocrpoennx
coopa, ocranancx nocroxnno senenemmnm epenom. Hpn pacuncrxe nnomaxn nx xpama,
nepnonauantno epenxnnoro, y cnnnnnn, a ocxy, nsroronnennym ns nero, nonoxnnn
nonepx rnannoro npecrona. Bnocnecrnnn +ra ocxa tna nepenecena n nont Vcnencxn
coop monacrtpx.
Hamxrt cnxroro anocrona n enanrenncra Hoanna Forocnona npasnyercx Hpanocnanno
Hepxontm 21 max (8 max no crap. cr.), 9 oxrxpx (26 cenrxpx no crap. cr.) n n ent Coopa
cnxrtx nenanarn anocronon 13 nmnx (30 nmnx no crap. cr.).

Tponapt, rnac 2
Anocrone, Xpncry Fory nosnmnenne, ycxopn nsannrn nmn esornernt, npnemner rx
npnnaamma Hxe nama na nepcn npnemt. Eroxe monn, Forocnone, n nanexamym mrny
xstxon pasrnarn, npocx nam mnpa n nennx mnnocrn.

Konax, rnac 2
Bennunx rnox, encrnennnue, xro nonecrt? Tounmn o uyeca, n nsnnnaemn ncnenennx, n
monnmncx o ymax namnx, xxo Forocnon n pyr Xpncron.

Hepeuenenxan nxona cnn1oro anoc1ona n enanrennc1a Hoanna Borocnona
Poccnx, Hennnrpacxax on., Hyxcxn p-n, Cxpenoncxax non., mecro uepemenen, Hoanno-
Forocnoncxn uepemenenxn myxcxo monacrtpt

Hosne ocentm 1478 roa Bennxn xnxst Mocxoncxn n ncex Pycn Hoann III nonen cnon
nocxa x Honropoy. Part tna copana orpomnax, no rocyapt naexncx nsexart nont n
cxnonnrt nonroponen x oponontnomy npnnxrnm ero nnacrn. 3ro tn nropo noxo na
Honropo. Hepnt, n 1471 roy, saxonunncx pasrpomom nonropocxoro oxpcrna, xoropoe
no rnane c Fopenxnmn neno neperonopt c Hnrno, roronxct nepeart e nonropocxne semnn
n enncxonnm, cenan ee ynnarcxo. Crpamnte xaprnnt roramne nont, xoropym nenn
pyccxne npornn pyccxnx, ne nsrnannnct ns namxrn Bennxoro xnxsx. On ne xoren ee
nonropennx. Honoe npearentcrno Honropoa ntnynno ero cnona ntcrynnrt npornn
ropoa, no on ne naunnan noenntx ecrnn n xan.
Hounnnrt Honropo tno npocro neoxonmo. 3ro tno nepntm n rnanntm marom nce
nonnrnxn Hoanna III, xoropt nnepnte n pyccxo ncropnn c]opmynnponan oxrpnny o
ncxonnom enncrne pyccxnx sement, n renept nauan nx conpanne. On nnen n +rom sanor
cnnt n morymecrna pyccxoro napoa, xoropt onxen tn ocnoonrtcx or mexoycontx
non, or ann rarapcxnm xanam, or nnacrn nnosemnen n saxnauenntx Hnrno, Hnnonne n
Bnenne sanantx pyccxnx semnxx, or yrnerennx n nnx npanocnanno nept.
H nor n ro npemx, xora Hoann III croxn co cnonm nocxom no crenamn Honropoa n,
moxer trt, noymtnan nounnnrt ero cnno (xax +ro cenan nnocnecrnnn ero rposnt
nnyx), xpecrtxnnny epennn Pyctnx no nmenn Moxnm, na ocrpone, sannmaemom ntne
monacrtpem, xnnnact nxona cnxroro anocrona n enanrenncra Hoanna Forocnona. Bennxn
xnxst, ycntman o xnnennn uyornopno nxont na ocrpone, tn ouent opaonan cem
necrnm, n na mecre xnnennx ee nonenen ocnonart monacrtpt no nmx cnxroro enanrenncra
Hoanna Forocnona. B nonropocxnx semnxx xnnxercx nxona anocrona nmnn, anocrona
mnpornopna, camoro myporo ns yuennxon Xpncra, anocrona, resonmennroro rocyapm. H
cnyuaercx uyo. Honropont es ox oramr cno neueno xonoxon n nenymr xpecr
Bennxomy xnxsm, a nx nont rocyapt rpaa xe nnennrn ne nonene n sanpernn c
nonropocxnmn noanntmn, nuepamnnmn nparamn, opamartcx xax c nnenntmn.
Hnunocrt nepnoro Iocyapx ncex Pycn Hoanna III, uenonexa ymnoro, pacuernnnoro n
ntepxannoro, n ncropnuecxo nepcnexrnne oxasanact sacnonena xpxnm opasom
Hmneparopa Herpa I n ero pe]opmaropcxo exrentnocrtm. Ho+romy neynnnrentno, uro
uepemenenxax onrent, nepememax ns Honropocxo n Herepyprcxym enapxnm, n XIX
nexe paccmarpnnanact rontxo n cnere cotrn nocnennx nexon. pennxx xe cnannax
ncropnx +ro semnn, re sapoxanoct ennoe pyccxoe rocyapcrno, satnact, cxptrax
nono nee crponrentcrna nennxo Poccncxo Hmnepnn.
Moxer trt, no+romy n pennne npemena n ne sannctnannct uyeca, tnmne or +ro
nxont, rax xax rnanntm n nennxnm ee npenasnauennem tno narocnonenne poccncxoro
enncrna? Onaxo, necmorpx na orcyrcrnne nnctmenntx cnnerentcrn o uyornopennxx,
nounranne nxont cnxroro anocrona nnxora ne npexpamanoct, n uepemenenxax onrent
ncera nmena cnonx sacrynnnxon n nxnaunxon.
B 1840 roy opas tn onauen n cepepxnym pnsy na noxeprnonannx mecrntx xnrene,
xoropax uepes necxontxo ner tna ntsonouena n yxpamena crpasamn. Hocne yxacno
+nnemnn xonept, cnnpencrnonanme n Hyre n 1848 roy, nxona crana nontsonartcx ocoo
nmontm. Monaxn xpecrntm xoom nonecnn uyornopnt opas no ncem epennxm,
ocranannnnaxct nese na monent, oomnn noxpyr ropoa, cnyxa monent n omax n
xpamax. Fontme neenn nocnnn nxony no sapaxenno mecrnocrn n +nnemnx orcrynnna. B
namxrt o +rom cotrnn n monacrtpe tn an oer exerono 1 max conepmart xpecrnt
xo c uyornopno nxono n Hyry. B napoe yrnepnnact nepa, uro ram, re notnaer
uyornopnax nxona, cxor coxpanxercx or naexa n nyume tnamr ypoxan.
Hxona nepexnna mnorne nononnennx sa necxontxo nexon cnoero cymecrnonannx, ono ns
xoroptx tno cenano n 1950 roy. Tor, xro enan +ry opaorxy, pasnpancx n nxononncn
n nnaen xncrtm, ynt, onnaxono nnoxo. Ho necmorpx na +ro, coxpannnmnecx oxymenrt n
nponeennt nnsyantnt ocmorp nxont n nannce na ne nornepxamr ee pennee
nponcxoxenne. Ceuac moxno c ynepennocrtm cxasart, uro +ro cnxrtne noxnonxnnct n
uepemenenxo onrenn necxontxo nocnennx cronern. Hyrn Iocnonn nencnonenmt. Ho
xouercx nepnrt, uro rpxer nropoe operenne nennxo cnxrtnn, n mnpy xnnrcx pacxptrt
or nosnnx sannce n nononnenn nonnnnt nnx uyecno nxont cnxroro anocrona n
enanrenncra Hoanna Forocnona.
Cnxromy anocrony Hoanny Forocnony monxrcx o noxponnrentcrne cynpyxecrny, o
xpanennn uncrort n nenomypnx, a raxxe o ncnenennn or pasntx neyron.

Monnrna
O nennxn n ncexnantnt anocrone n enanrenncre Hoanne Forocnone, nanepcnnue
Xpncron, rennt nam sacrynnnue n cxopt n cxopex nomomnnue!
Vmonn Iocnoa Fora aponarn nam ocrannenne ncex nperpemenn namnx, ennxo
corpemnxom or mnocrn namex, no ncem xnrnn namem, enom, cnonom, nomtmnennem n
ncemn namnmn uyncrnt. Bo ncxoe xe ym namnx nomosn nam, rpemntm, nsannrncx or
nosymntx mtrapcrn n neunaro myuennx, a rnonm mnnocrnnntm npecrarentcrnom
npocnannxem Orna n Ctna n Cnxraro yxa ntne n npncno n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Hepeunmmee oxo
Poccnx, pocnancxax on., r. Ptnncx, Cnaco-Hpeopaxencxn coop

Hxona Foxne Marepn Hepemnmmee Oxo tna noxeprnonana oueptm nsnecrnoro n
npomnom npononennxa Ponona Hyrxrnna n naxonnact n monacrtpcxo uaconne n ropoe
Ptnncxe. uyornopnt opas npocnannen mnorouncnenntmn ncnenennxmn. Hanmenonanne
Hepemnmmee Oxo ycnoeno nxone n cnxsn c nannctm no nsopaxennem: As cnnm, a
cepne Moe nr (Hecn. 5, 2).
Hocne saxptrnx mnornx xpamon n monacrtpe n 2030 rot XX nexa nxona, xax n mnorne
pyrne cnxrtnn npnnonxcxnx ropoon, xpannnact n Tonrcxom monacrtpe. B namn nn
nxona tna nepenecena ns Bneencxoro coopa +roro monacrtpx n Cnaco-Hpeopaxencxn
coop ropoa Ptnncxa. Hpasnonanne nxont ycranonneno 11 nmnx (29 max no crap. cr.).
E monxrcx o cnacennn, nomomn n ncnenennn.

Monnrna
O, Hpecnxrax n Hpenarax Bnatunne Foroponne, uncremax Cnxraro yxa npnemnnne n
nenopounoe Cnona Foxnx cnxrnnnme! Paycx, xxo Tt ecn paocrt Anrenom n uenonexom,
Cnauamero o Hncyca Xpncra namecrnnem yxa Cnxraro ponna ecn nnornm, n xxo
Mnaenna Toro nenenamn nonnna ecn, xxo nosnmnennoro Ctna mnexom nnrana ecn n
onnmammn nosana ecn. Monnm rx, Bennxax Bnatunne: ne orpnnn pa Tnonx, cemy
uyornopnomy opasy npecroxmnx n ncm naexy cnom no Fose na Tx nosnoxnnmnx: Tt
o ecn naexa n npnexnme name, xnsnt n sacrynnenne name, xpenocrt nama n orpaa.
Vmonn nosnmnennoro Ctna Tnoero, exe coxpannrncx oreuecrny namemy n ncxxo crpane
xpncrnancre n mnpe n esmxrexnn n yrnepnrncx epxane Poccncre, conmarncx xe
nenoxonenmo Cnxre Hpanocnanne Hepxnn name, nenepnm ncxopennrncx, epecem n
pacxonom ynpasnnrncx, nacrtpem namnm n pennocrn yxpennrncx, exe npano npannrn cnono
ncrnnt. Haxn ymonn, Iocnoxe, nosnmnennoro Ctna Tnoero, a nsannr ncex nac or ncxxnx
nyxt, cxopn n onesnn, a nncnocner nam rnxoe n mnpnoe xnrne, spanne renecnoe n
ymennoe cnacenne, a ymnpnr crpaxymax cepna nama n a ncnennr cepeunte cxopn,
a npasymnr nac na opax ena, a ouncrnr ymt or nomtcnon cyerntx n nacrannr x
ncnonnennm sanonee Cnonx, n or neuntx myxn a nsannr, a apyer nam Heecnoe
Hapcrnne, n nem xe nosnennunm Tx, Hpecnannym Bnatunny namy, n npocnannm
npeuecrnoe n nennxonennoe Hmx Bennxaro Fora, Orna n Ctna n Cnxraro yxa, ntne n
npncno n n esxoneuntx nexn nexon.

Hxona Cnac Bceunnoc1nnmn
Poccnx, pocnancxax on., r. Tyraen (Pomanono-Fopncornecx), Bocxpecencxn coop

Ha noremnenme or npemenn orpomno nxone nsopaxen Iocnot Hncyc Xpncroc: npanax
pyxa Ero nonxra nx narocnonennx, n neno pacxptroe Enanenrne.
Ho npeannm, opas +ror tn nanncan n nepno rpern XV nexa cnxrtm npenoontm
nonncnem Inymnnxnm n nepnonauantno pacnonarancx n xynone (tn neom) penne
epenxnno nepxnn cnxrtx xnxse Fopnca n Inea. Hosnee ero nepenecnn n coop n
nocrannnn n npnen cnxrtx Fopnca n Inea na Hapcxnmn nparamn. A n XVIII nexe
xnnonnct nononnnn n ntnecnn opas n ocnonnoe nomemenne xpama.
Hesatnaemoe nneuarnenne ocrannxer pennn namonennt opas n yme nepymmero
uenonexa. Hyxno nnnmarentno nrnxtnartcx n noremnenmn nnx Xpncra, urot pasnnunrt
ero ueprt. uenonex nenepymmn moxer ynnnrtcx, nouemy na nxone nnuero ne nnno. Ho
Iocnot orxptnaer Cex yxonntm ouam nept.
Opas Bcemnnocrnnoro Cnaca npocnannncx mnorouncnenntmn uyecamn. Heonoxparno c
nero enann cnncxn mentmero pasmepa n ynosnnn n pasnte yronxn Poccnn.
B 1749 roy Pocroncxn mnrpononnr Apcenn pacnopxnncx sapart uyornopnym nxony
n apxnepecxn om, re ona npetnana 49 ner. Hourn na nonnexa norepxn coop cnom
rnannym cnxrtnm. B 1798 roy uyornopnax nxona Xpncra Cnacnrenx tna nosnpamena n
Bocxpecencxn coop. Or Pocrona o Fopncornecxa opas necnn na pyxax. He oxox rpex
nepcr o ropoa, na epery pexn Konart cenann ocranonxy, urot omtrt opas or
opoxno ntnn. Ha +rom mecre sann xnmu, xoropt ontne nounraercx cnxrtm n
nenentm. Oxono nero conepmamrcx monent.
Kpome roro, n namxrt o +rom cotrnn ycranonnen otua conepmart xpecrnt xo c
opasom Cnacnrenx no ropoy. B ecxroe nocxpecente no Hacxe xpecrntm xoom nyr no
Fopncornecxo cropone. B xonne XIX nexa n namxrt 900-nernx xpemennx Pycn tno
ycranonneno conepmart xpecrnt xo n no nenomy epery n nocnenn nocxpecrnt ent
nepe npasnnxom Hpopoxa Hnnn.
Htne +ror narouecrnnt otua nospoxen. Mnoxecrno ropoxan, rypncron,
nanomnnxon conpaercx renept na xpecrnt xo.

Monnrna Iocnoy Hncycy Xpncry
Mnoromnnocrnne n Bcemnnocrnne Foxe mo, Iocnon Hncyce Xpncre, mnornx pan
nmne cmen n nonnornncx ecn, xxo a cnacemn ncex. H naxn, Cnace, cnacn mx no naroarn,
monm Tx; ame o or en cnacemn mx, necrt ce naroart, n ap, no onr naue. E, mnorn n
meporax n nenspeuennt n mnnocrn! Bepyx o n Mx, pexn ecn, o Xpncre mo, xnn yer
n ne yspnr cmeprn no nexn. Ame yo nepa, xxe n Tx, cnacaer oruaxnntx, ce nepym, cnacn mx,
xxo For mo ecn Tt n Cosarent. Bepa xe nmecro en a nmennrcx mne, Foxe mo, ne
opxmemn o en ornm onpanammnx mx. Ho ra nepa mox a onneer nmecro ncex, ra a
ornemaer, ra a onpannr mx, ra a noxaxer mx npnuacrnnxa cnant Tnoex neuntx. a ne yo
noxnrnr mx carana, n noxnannrcx, Cnone, exe orroprnyrn mx or Tnoe pyxn n orpat; no
nnn xomy, cnacn mx, nnn ne xomy, Xpncre Cnace mo, npenapn cxopo, cxopo nornox: Tt
o ecn For mo or upena marepe moex. Cnoon mx, Iocnon, ntne nosnmnrn Tx, xxoxe
nosnmnx nnora ro camt rpex; n naxn nopaorarn Tee es nenocrn romno, xxoxe
nopaorax npexe carane ntcrnnomy. Hannaue xe nopaoram Tee, Iocnoy n Fory moemy
Hncycy Xpncry, no ncx nn xnnora moero, ntne n npncno n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Cnn1n1enn Hnxonan n Cnn1o-Hnxonaencxou Kpynnnxou uonac1mpe
(Yxpanna)
Vxpanna, uepnnroncxax onacrt, Faxmaucxn p-n, c. Ocnu, Cnxro-Hnxonaencxn
Kpynnnxn xencxn monacrtpt

uyornopnt opas cnxrnrenx Hnxonax o 1812 roa naxonncx na mecre cnoero xnnennx
n manom Hnxonaencxom xpame, a sarem n nxonocrace coopnoro xpama no nmx cnxrnrenx
Hnxonax Farypnncxoro monacrtpx. Xorx sa cnom ncropnm monacrtpt neonoxparno
pasopxncx, uyornopnt opas cnxrnrenx Hnxonax uyecno coxpanxncx npn +rom. Vcrnte
npeannx, epexno xpannmte n monacrtpe, paccxastnamr o penne uyecno ncropnn
opasa.
B conercxoe npemx nce nxont ns Hnxonaencxoro coopa n renno nepxnn tnn coxxent
na reppnropnn monacrtpx, opas xe cnxrnrenx coxpannncx, moxer trt, nmenno noromy
rax cunramr nccneonarenn, uro naxonncx n cxnrcxo nepxnn.
O nanncannn xonn c uyornopno nxont n ncropnn monacrtpx ne ynomnnaercx,
no+romy, nosmoxno, pennmm, xnnennym n necy nxony, open n name npemx oren Hona
Hnporon n cene Xannmanono Faxmaucxoro paona uepnnroncxo onacrn y narouecrnno
xenmnnt, xpannnme mnoro nxon ns pasntx paspymenntx xpamon n monacrtpe.
Bnnmanne orna Hont npnnnexna nxona cnxrnrenx Hnxonax, croxnmax n uynane. Xenmnna
paccxasana, uro +ra nxona ns Farypnncxoro monacrtpx, xpamonax. Oren Hona nepenec nxony
cnxrnrenx n xpam Bocxpecennx Xpncrona n Farypnne. 30 max 2000 roa tn orxptr
Farypnncxn Hnxono-Kpynnnxn xencxn monacrtpt, xya no narocnonennm
mnrpononnra uepnnroncxoro n Hexnncxoro Anronnx n cenrxpe 2001 roa ropxecrnenno
nepenecnn opas Hnxonax uyornopna. Opas cnxrnrenx uacrnuno pecranpnponann n Knene,
a nepe npasnonannem nepenecennx mome cnxroro Hnxonax uyornopna 19 max 2002 roa
on npntn n onrent.
Monacrtpt tn ocnonan eme n XII, nocemt nexon nasa. Bo npemx rarapo-monrontcxoro
namecrnnx monaxn ynpxmo ooponxnn monacrtpt or saxnarunxon, ncxope saxonunnnct
sanact npoonontcrnnx n monaxn crann monnrt Fora nomout nm. For npoctnan na
monacrtpt xpyny (manny neecnym) n cnac samnrnnxon or ronono cmeprn. B namxrt o
uye, monacrtpt c rex nop cran npostnartcx Kpynnnxnm.
Hnxonaencxnm monacrtpt nastnaercx noromy, uro na +rom mecre tno xnnenne nxont
Hnxonax uyornopna rnanno cnxrtnn monacrtpx. uacrt +ro nnmn, coxpanxnact o
XVIII nexa nnnort o npemenn noccrannx Masent. O +rom uye nanncan na
nanpecrontnom Enanrennn cnxrnrent nmnrpn Pocroncxn. B apxnnax 1767 roa
onapyxnnn onecennn apxnmanpnra onrenn Bapcono]nx, no cnonam xoroporo n
roramnee e npemx cront mnoxecrno xpyn c nea cnano, uro nce mornn n rnae cex
onontcrnonart n re xpynt coepxant tnn n cepepxnom xonuexne axe o npemenn
rermana Masent. Kax no nsmene ropo Farypnn pasopen, ro monacrtpt n pasopennn x tn n
xem re xpynt nsxrt, nensnecrno.
Bosnpamaxct c Kynnxoncxo nrnt, orcnyxnnn moneen na mecre uyecnoro xnnennx
nxont, n naronepnt xnxst nmnrpn nonenen nosnnrnyrt sect xpam n nnouecxym
onrent no nmx Cnxrnrenx Hnxonax. H nosnnrny ry onrent cnanny, n yonontcrnonam x
nponnrannm ncem norpentm necxyno, coomaer monacrtpcxax xnnra.

Cnnom, annom rn cntme, cnesy ncxxy orxn ecn or nnna nmre crpaxymnx, oronoce
orue Hnxonae: anuymnm o xnnncx ecn xopmnrent, n nyunne mopcre cymnm nspxnt
npannrent, neyrymmnm ncnenenne, n ncem ncxx nomomnnx noxasancx ecn, nonnmmnm
Fory: Annnnyna.

Monnrna
O ncexnantnt, nennxn uyornopue, Cnxrnrenm Xpncron, orue Hnxonae! Monnm rx,
yn naexa ncex xpncrnan, nepntx samnrnrent, anuymnx xopmnrent, nnauymnx necenne,
onxmnx npau, no mopm nnanammnx ynpannrent, yornx n cnptx nnrarent n ncem cxopt
nomomnnx n noxponnrent, a mnpnoe se noxnnem xnrne n a cnoonmcx nnern cnany
nspanntx Foxnnx na neecn, n c nnmn nenpecranno nocnenarn ennaro n Tponne
noxnonxemaro Fora no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Ycnenne Hpecnn1on Boroponnm Hmx1nnxan
3cronnx, . Kypemx+, Ha-Bnpymaa, Hmxrnnxn Vcnencxn xencxn monacrtpt

400 ner romy nasa Marept Foxnx xnnnact +croncxnm nacryxam na cenepo-nocroxe
3cronnn, n mecreuxe Kypemx+, ocnxrnn semnm Cnonmn Hpeuncrtmn cronamn n ocrannn n
narocnonenne cnxrym nxony n uecrt Ex cnannoro Vcnennx. C rex nop +ra Cnxrax ropa
xnnxercx mecrom nocroxnnoro nanomnnuecrna. Eme o ocnonannx monacrtpx sect na
npasnnx Vcnennx Foxne Marepn conpanoct o 8000 uenonex: crox no orxptrtm neom
co cneuamn n pyxax, onn npocnannxnn cnom Heecnym Hoxponnrentnnny.
B 1891 roy no narocnonennm cnxroro npanenoro Hoanna Kponmrarcxoro n
ycepntmn rpyamn ryepnaropa 3crnxnnn xnxsx C. Baxoncxoro tna ocnonana
Hmxrnnxax Vcnencxax xencxax omnna. H nor na nporxxennn 110 ner onrent c nmonnm
ncrpeuaer ncxxoro uenonexa, oxpyxax ero saoro n nnnmannem, xax rocrx Hapnnt
Heecno.
B 19201930-e rot naxanyne npasnnxa Vcnennx yxonencrno nnsnexamnx npnxoon
nmecre c npnxoxanamn, uacro nemxom, npnxonnn n onrent, pann uyornopnym nxony
Vcnennx Foxne Marepn n mnn xpecrntm xoom na Cnxro ncrounnx, mecro xnnennx
Hpecnxro Foroponnt, n rax o camoro ncenomnoro ennx onn xpecrnt xo cmenxncx
pyrnm. B namn nn +ra rpannnx nosononnena.
Hpasnonanne nxone ycranonneno 28 anrycra (n npasnnx Vcnennx Hpecnxro
Foroponnt).

Tponapt Vcnennm Hpecnxro Foroponnt
B poxecrne encrno coxpannna ecn, no ycnennn mnpa ne ocrannna ecn, Foroponne;
npecrannnacx ecn x xnnory, Marn cymn Xnnora, n monnrnamn Tnonmn nsannxemn or
cmeprn ymn nama.

Konax, rnac 2
B monnrnax neyctnammym Foroponny n n npecrarentcrnax nenpenoxnoe ynonanne
rpo n ymepmnnenne ne yepxacra: xxoxe o Xnnora Marept x xnnory npecrann no yrpoy
Bcennntcx npncnoencrnennym.

Hxona Ycnenne Hpecnn1on Boroponnm Kneno-Heuepcxan
Vxpanna, r. Knen, yn. nnapcxoro noccrannx, 25, Cnxro-Vcnencxax Kneno-Heuepcxax
Hanpa, Kpecronosnnxencxn xpam

Kneno-Heuepcxax Vcnenne nmeer uyecnoe nponcxoxenne, cnxsannoe c
crponrentcrnom Fontmo Vcnencxo nepxnn (Vcnencxoro coopa Kneno-Heuepcxo
Hanpt), ee npnnecnn n 1075 roy crponrenn ns Bnsanrnn, xoroptx Cama Foroponna
narocnonnna crponrt +ror ontmo xpam n narocnonnna n opory Cnoe uyornopno
nxono Vcnenne. Hxona tna nepeana npenoontm Anronnm n ueoocnm Heuepcxnm
n nomemennax norom na Hapcxnmn nparamn nocrpoennoro coopa n sonorom xpyrnom
xnore, mepo yxpamennom pnnnnanramn. C roro npemenn mnoro cronern no monnrnam
Hpecnxro Foroponnt or nxont ntnnnamrcx uya.
Ono ns npeann rnacnr: na pyra, Hoann n Ceprn, noparannct nepe ne. Cnycrx
mnoro ner Hoann cmeprentno saonen. On oran cnom uacrt nmymecrna n Heuepcxn
monacrtpt, a uacrt nxrnnernero ctna nepean na coxpanenne Ceprnm; emy xe oran n ctna
3axapnm na noneuenne. Kora 3axapnn ncnonnnnoct 15 ner, on saxoren nsxrt
npnnanexanmee emy nmymecrno, no Ceprn ynopno ronopnn, uro Hoann nce posan
nnmnm. On omen o roro, uro npnmen n Vcnencxym nepxont n noxnxncx nepe
uyornopno nxono, uro ne pan nnuero. Kora on saxoren nonenonart nxony, ro ne cmor
npnnnsnrtcx x ne; nomen x nepxm n npyr saxpnuan: Cnxrte Anronn n ueoocnn! He
nennre ynnart menx +romy nemnnocrnnomy n monnrect Iocnoxe Hpecnxro Foroponne,
urot Ona orornana or menx +ro mnoxecrno econ, xoroptm x npean. Hycrt epyr sonoro n
cepepo: ono saneuarano n moe xnern. 3axapnx oran nce nmymecrno n Heuepcxn
monacrtpt, re n cam nocrpnrcx. C rex nop nnxomy ne anann xnxcrtcx uyornopno
nxono.
Hxona ne pas samnmana crpany or namecrnnx nparon. B 1677 roy, xora rypxn ocaxann
unrnpnn n Kneny rposnna onacnocrt, nxony nourn n reuenne ncero nx 27 anrycra onocnnn
noxpyr ropoa. Foroponna narocnonnxna pyccxne nocxa, memne na Honrancxym nrny
(1709 r.). B 1812 roy nxony cnona onocnnn noxpyr Knena.
Bo npemena esoxntx ecxrnnern XX nexa opnrnnan nxont ncues. Cnncox ee
coxpanxercx n Kpecronosnnxencxom xpame Cnxro-Vcnencxo Kneno-Heuepcxo Hanpt n
raxxe xnnxercx uyornopntm.
Hpasnonanne nxone nonoxeno naxt n ro: 16 (3 no crap. cr.) max n 28 (15 no crap. cr.)
anrycra B npasnnx Vcnennx Foxne Marepn.

3aocronnx, rnac 1
Anrenn, Vcnenne Hpeuncrtx nnenme, ynnnmacx, xaxo ena nocxonr or semnn na Heo.
Hoexamrcx ecrecrna ycrant n Tee, eno uncrax, encrnyer o poxecrno n Xnnor
npeopyuaer cmeprt; no poxecrne ena n no cmeprn xnna, cnacaemn npncno, Foroponne,
nacnene Tnoe.

O Bcenerax Marn Fescmeprnaro Hapx Heece n semnn, Xpncra Fora namero, xnnymax n no
cmeprn, ntnemnxx npnnomennx o nceuecrnom Tnoem Vcnennn or nac npnemmn, n xnsnn ce
n n cmeprnem ycnennn namem or ncxxnx nanacrn, e n myxn nsann n Heecnaro Hapcrnnx
nac, Hapnne, cnoon, o Tee nonnmmnx: Annnnyna.

Hxona Ycnenne Hpecnn1on Boroponnm Hcxoncxan
Poccnx, Hcxoncxax on., r. Heuopt, yn. Mexynaponax, 5, Hcxono-Heuepcxn monacrtpt

Hpocnannnact nxona Vcnenne Hcxoncxax (nmecre c Hcxono-Heuepcxo nxono
Vmnnenne) cnacennem Hcxona n onrenn or ocat n 1581 roy nontcxnm xoponem
Faropnem.
Bo npemx ocat Hcxona nocxamn nonxxamn xoponx Cre]ana Faropnx n 1581 roy, n
ropo c xpecrntm xoom npnnecnn uyornopnte nxont Vcnenne Foxne Marepn n
Vmnnenne ns Heuepcxoro monacrtpx.
Haxanyne pemammero cpaxennx narouecrnnomy cnenomy crapny oporem-xysneny tno
nnenne Hpecnxro Foroponnt na rom mecre, re nparn roronnnn npncryn n yrny xpenocrn
y monacrtpx n uecrt Hoxpona Hpecnxro Foroponnt. Hpecnxrax ena xnnnact crapny
oporem n npecroxnnn pyccxnx cnxrtx. Cnxrte co cnesamn ymonxnn Hpeuncrym eny
nomanrt corpemnnmnx ncxonnue n cnacrn ropo or nanexamnx et. Hpecnxrax
Foroponna, oeman ropoy Cnom mnnocrt, nonenena ycranonnrt na mecre Ee xnnennx
opas.
Bo npemx ox nonxxam yanoct nponomnrt xpenocrnym creny, no, sacrynnennem
Foromarepn n cnxrtx yronnxon, onn rax n ne cmornn nopnartcx n ropo. Hxona Vcnennx
npocnannnact n pyrnmn uyecamn.

Xorxmnx ncex c nepom nxonrn n xpam Tno cnxrt, Foroponne, npncno cnacaemn n
cnanxmnx Tx or ncxxnx nanacre n e cnooxaemn; remxe n naronepntm nmem,
npncnonaxamnm Tx, noet na conpornnntx apy n ncx xo cnacennm npomennx nam
noana, o cem monxmnmcx Tee n nommnm Fory: Annnnyna.

Hspanno or ncex poon Foxne Marepn n Hapnne, nocxoxme or semnn x Heecn,
naroronenax nennx o npeuecrnem Tnoem Vcnennn npnnocnm pan Tnon, Foroponne. Tt
xe, xxo nmymax noey na cmeprnm, or ncxxnx nac cmepronocntx e cnoon, a sonem
Tn: Paycx, Opaonannax, no Vcnennn Tnoem nac ne ocrannxmmax.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Hnepcxan
uyornopnte cnncxn Hnepcxo nxont Foxne Marepn:
Poccnx, r. Fapnayn, yn. F. Ononcxax, 24, 3namencxn xpam 3namencxoro Xencxoro
Monacrtpx,
Poccnx, Honropocxax on., r. Bana, Banacxn Hnepcxn Cnxroosepcxn
Foroponnxn myxcxo monacrtpt

Hnepcxax nxona Foxne Marepn (Onrnrpnx) ona ns camtx npocnannenntx n
nounraemtx nxon npanocnannoro mnpa, cnxrtnx Hnepcxoro (rpysnncxoro) monacrtpx na
A]one. Cornacno cxasannm na rpeuecxom, rpysnncxom n pyccxom xstxax, nsnecrnomy n
necxontxnx napnanrax, nxona Foromarepn, cnacaemax or nxonoopnen, uyecntm opasom
oxasanact n Hnepcxom monacrtpe na A]one; sect ona tna nomemena n nanparno
nepxnn n nonyunna nasnanne Hopranrncca (Bparapnnna). Ha noopoxe Foromarepn
nsopaxena xponorouamax pana, cornacno cxasannm, nanecennax npornnnnxamn nxon.
Hxona arnpyercx XIXII nexamn; cepepxnt rpysnncxn oxna nauana XVI nexa. B
XVII nexa n Poccnn npn nape Anexcee Mnxanonnue Hnepcxax nxona tna ocoo urnmo.
Ho ero saxasy n 1648 roy n Hnepcxom monacrtpe nxononncnem nepomonaxom mnnnxom
ncnonnena rounax xonnx nxont, naxonnmaxcx n XVII nexe n Vcnencxom coope
Mocxoncxoro Kpemnx, a sarem nepenecennax n Honoennun monacrtpt.
Bropax rounax xonnx a]oncxo cnxrtnn tna ncnonnena n 1655 no saxasy Harpnapxa
Hnxona n naxonnact n ocnonannom nm Hnepcxom monacrtpe na Banae (ne coxpannnact).
ne ymentmennte a]oncxne xonnn Hnepcxo nxont, npnnanexanmne napennam Co]te n
Enoxnn, ouepxm Anexcex Mnxanonnua, nocne nx cmeprn tnn nomement n narponte
nxonocract coopa Honoennutero monacrtpx.
Camo snamennro, npocnannnmecx mnorouncnenntmn uyecamn tna pyccxax xonnx-
cnncox c rpeuecxo nxont 1648 roa, naxonnmaxcx n Hnepcxo uaconne y Bocxpecencxnx
nopor Knraropocxo crent, c xoropo n cnom ouepet enannct nonte cnncxn,
nounranmnecx xax uyornopnte (Hnepcxax nxona n nepxnn Bocxpecennx n Coxontnnxax n
Mocxne; necoxpannnmaxcx Hnepcxax nxona 1672 roa nnctma Cnmona Vmaxona n Hnxnem
Honropoe). B 1929 roy Hnepcxym uaconnm saxptnn, a n 1934 roy cnecnn nmecre c
Bocxpecencxnmn noporamn. Mecronaxoxenne opasa Hnepcxo uaconnn rouno ne
nsnecrno; cornacno nocnennm anntm, c nnm moxer trt oroxecrnnena Hnepcxax nxona
ns copannx Tpertxxoncxo ranepen. B 1995 roy tnn noccranonnent Bocxpecencxne
nopora n Hnepcxax uaconnx, nx xoropo n Hnepcxom monacrtpe na A]one no npocte
narpnapxa Anexcnx II tn cenan nont cnncox (ncnonnen nepomonaxom Kceno]onrona
monacrtpx nxononncnem Hyxo). B uaconne nepe opasom conepmaercx exenenno
nenpecrannoe orocnyxenne c urennem axa]ncra.
Hpasnonanne Hnepcxo nxont Hopranrncet na A]one n rpern ent Hacxn, Hnepcxnx
xonn n Poccnn 26 oxrxpx (13 oxrxpx no crap. cr.).

Tponapt, rnac 1
Or cnxrtm nxont Tnoex, o Bnatunne Foroponne, ncnenennx n nentt noamrcx
onntno c nepom n nmonnm npnxoxmnm x ne: raxo n mom nemomt nocern n ymy mom
nomnny, Fnarax, n reno ncnenn naroarnm Tnoem, Hpeuncrax.

Monnrna, unraemax nepe opasom Hnepcxax na monene
O Hpecnxrax Iocnoxe Bnatunne Foroponne! Hpnnmn neocronym monnrny namy, n
coxpann nac or nanera sntx uenonex n or nnesanntx cmeprn, n apy nam npexe xonna
noxaxnne. Ha monenne name ymnnocepncx n paocrt nmecro neuann apy. H nsann nac,
Iocnoxe, or ncxxnx et n nanacrn, cxopn n onesnn, n or ncxxaro sna. H cnoon nac,
rpemntx paon Tnonx, oecnym crarn no Bropom Hpnmecrnnn Ctna Tnoero, Xpncra Fora
namero, n nacnennxn trn Hapcrnnx Heecnaro n xnsnn neuntx co ncemn cnxrtmn n
esxoneuntx nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Hnepcxan-Monpeantcxan Mnpo1ounnan
Hxona tna nanncana n 1981 roy na A]one rpeuecxnm nepomonaxom Cnaco-
Poxecrnencxoro cxnra ornom Xpnsocromom. B 1982 roy cxnr nocernn npanocnannt
xanaen unnncxoro nponcxoxennx Hocn] Myntoc Koprec sannmammncx nsyuennem
nxononncn npenoanarent ncropnn ncxyccrn. Vnnen nxony, on tn nopaxen. He snax, uro
npenpnnxrt, on npocnn npoart uyecnym nxony, no nonyunn orxas. Onaxo npn orese
Hocn]a ns cxnra cxnnrymen Knnmenr (|1997) noapnn emy +ror opas. Hpexe uem
noxnnyrt A]on Hocn] npnnes nxony n Hnepcxn monacrtpt n npnnoxnn x opnrnnany.
Hocne nosnpamennx n Monpeant Hocn] ycranonnn nxony n xpacnom yrny pxom c
nmenmnmncx y nero pennxnnxmn. Ho cnonam Hocn]a, nxona nnepnte samnporounna 24
noxpx 1982 roa n sarem mnporounna nourn nenpeptnno n reuenne 15 ner, sa ncxnmuennem
Crpacrntx neent. Bo nce +rn rot Hocn] Myntoc nyremecrnonan c uyornopno nxono
no ncemy mnpy. Ho yrnepxennm ouennnen, cnxroe mnpo ncrexano rnanntm opasom ns pyx
ent Mapnn n Cnacnrenx, a raxxe ns snest, naxonnmecx na nneue Foroponnt, ono
nmeno cnntnt apomar pos n ero axe conpann n cocyt. 3a +rn rot nxona notnana n
ontmnncrne npnxoon Pyccxo Hpanocnanno Hepxnn sa pyexom (PHH3) n n npnxoax
nexoroptx npanocnanntx crapocrnntntx nepxne n Amepnxe, Ancrpannn, Hono 3enannn,
3anano Enpont n Fonrapnn.
B nout c 30 na 31 oxrxpx 1997 roa Hocn] Myntoc tn ynr n A]nnax, a Monpeantcxax
Hnepcxax nxona ncuesna es cnea.
B nout na nocxpecente, c 24 na 25 xnnapx 1998 roa orna cropen npanocnannt
Ka]epantnt coop no nmx Cnxrnrenx Hnxonax uyornopna n Monpeane, re uacro
npetnana nxona. K nacroxmemy npemenn sanne Cnxro-Hnxonaencxoro xpama n Monpeane
noccranonneno, n n nem nnont npoxoxr nepxonnte cnyxt.
B cenrxpe 2007 npocrax ymaxnax xonnx Hnepcxo Monpeantcxo nxont nauana
mnporounrt n pyccxom npanocnannom npnxoe Mnporounno Hnepcxo-Monpeantcxo
Hxont Foxne Marepn n Iononyny na Ianaxx.
Hpasnonanne nxone Foxne Marepn Hnepcxax-Monpeantcxax Mnporounnax
ycranonneno 24 noxpx (11 noxpx no crap. cr.) n ent nauana mnporouennx.

Tponapt nxone Foxne Marepn Hnepcxax-Monpeantcxax
Or cnxrtx nxont Tnoex, o Bnatunne Foroponne, mnpo naroarnoe ncrounna ecn
onntno, nepntx Tnox no nsrnannn cymnx yremnna ecn n nenepntx cnerom Ctna Tnoero
npocnernna ecn. Temxe n npnnaaem x Tee, Iocnoxe, co cnesamn: mnnocrnna nam yn n
uac cynt, a nexaxo ronnxym mnnocrt Tnom nocnpnxnme, xxo npesopnnnn naxasann
yem, no noaxt nam Tnonmn monnrnamn nno yxonnt npnnecrn n cnacn ymn nama.

Monnrna
O Hpecnxrax eno, Marn Iocnoa, Hapnne neece n semnn! Bonmn mnoroonesnennomy
nostxannm ym namnx, npnspn c ntcort cnxrtx Tnoex na nac, c nepom n nmonnm
noxnanxmmnxcx npeuncromy opasy Tnoemy. Ce o, rpexmn norpyxaemnn n cxoptmn
oypenaemnn, nsnpamme na Tno opas, xxo xnne Tn cyme c namn, npnnocnm cmnpennax
monennx nama. He nmamt o nn nntx nomomn, nn nnaro npecrarentcrna, nn yremennx,
roxmo Tee, o Marn ncex cxopxmnx n opemenenntx!
Homosn nam, nemomntm, yronn cxopt namy, nacrann na nyrt npant nac,
sanyxammnx, ynpauy n cnacn esnaexntx, apy nam npouee npemx xnnora namero n
mnpe n rnmnne npononrn, noaxt xpncrnancxym xonunny n na Crpamnom Cye Ctna
Tnoero xnncx nam, mnnocepax 3acrynnnna, a ncera noem, nennuaem n cnannm Tx, xxo
narym 3acrynnnny poa xpncrnancxaro, co ncemn yronnmnmn Fory. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn meooponcxan
Poccnx, Kocrpoma, Foroxnnencxo-Anacracnnn xa]epantnt coop Mecrnournmt
cnncox ueooponcxoro monacrtpx: Poccnx, Iopoen, Foroponne-ueooponcxn
monacrtpt

Hsnecrno, uro ueooponcxax nxona Foxne Marepn nanncana cnxrtm enanrenncrom
Hyxo. Hasnanne cnoe ona nonyunna or nennxoro xnxsx pocnana Bcenonoonnua, orna
Anexcanpa Hencxoro, nocnnmero n cnxrom xpemennn nmx ueoop n uecrt cnxroro
ueoopa Crparnnara.
Opas naen tn crapmnm parom xnxsx n crapo uaconne neanexo or Iopona.
Bnocnecrnnn, xora +ror ropoox tn coxxen no npemx namecrnnx Fartx, nxona ncuesna.
Ho n 1239 roy ona cama xnnnact xocrpomcxomy xnxsm Bacnnnm: no npemx oxort n necy on
ynnen na cocnonom epene opas Foromarepn. Hepe +rnm nponsomen ynnnrentnt
cnyua. Xnrenn Kocrpomt nanmann, xax +ror xe cnernt opas nec uenonex n oraro
nonncxo oexe, ouent noxoxn na cnxroro ueoopa Crparnnara. Hocne +roro uyecnoro
nnennx nxona tna nomemena n coopnt xpam no nmx nennxomyuennxa ueoopa
Crparnnara n nasnana ueooponcxo.
B 1272 roy, npn ouepenom rarapcxom naere, xnxst Bacnnn ntcrynnn npornn
saxnarunxon. Pyccxax part nnnynact n o c uyornopntm opasom Foromarepn
ueooponcxo. Or nero ncxonno cnxnne raxo neotxnonenno cnnt, uro cxnrano rarap
cornxmn. Hcnyranmnct, onn pocnnnct n ercrno. B 1613 roy Map]a Hnanonna Pomanona
co cnonamn: Tee, Bnatunne, nopyuam ctna moero! a yer Tnox cnxrax nonx na nnm
narocnonnna ueooponcxo nxono Foromarepn cnoero ctna Mnxanna ueooponnua na
napcrno. C roro npemenn cnernt opas cran ]amnntno cnxrtne nennenocno cemtn
Pomanontx. Hxona crana mnpoxo nounraemo omepyccxo cnxrtne.
Hsnecren px urnmtx cnncxon XVIIXIX nexon. pennxx ueooponcxax nxona
mnoroxparno nononnxnact n pecranpnponanact; nepnonauantnax xnnonnct na nnxax
Foromarepn n Xpncra cnntno norepra. Hxona xpannnact n Kocrpome: cnauana n Vcnencxom
coope, n rot conercxo nnacrn n nepxnn Bocxpecennx na epe, n nacroxmee npemx n
Foroxnnencxo-Anacracnnnom xa]epantnom coope. C ueooponcxo nxono conepmannct
exerono xpecrnte xot: n ent Cnxro Tponnt n Hnartencxn monacrtpt, 16 anrycra
n Cnaco-3anpynencxym nepxont na mecro operennx nxont.
ueooponcxax nxona Foxte Marepn nounraercx xax noxponnrentnnna nenecr, cemenoro
narononyunx, poxennx ere y eserntx nap, nomorammax n rpyntx poax.

Tponapt, rnac 4
Hpnmecrnnem uecrntx Tnox nxont, Foroorpoxonnne, opaonannt nect Foroxpannmt
rpa Kocrpoma, xxoxe pennn Hspannt x xnnory 3anera, npnrexaer xo nsopaxennm nnna
Tnoero n nonnornnmarocx or Tee Fora namero, a Tnonm Marepnnm x Hemy
npecrarentcrnom npncno xoaracrnyemn ncem, no cent xpona Tnoero npnerammnm, mnp
n nennm mnnocrt.

Monnrna
O, Hpemnnocepax Iocnoxe, Hapnne, Foroponne, npnnmn cmnpennoe monenne name, n ne
orpnnn nac, sacrynnenne n npnexnme name, n ne nosrnymacx nac, neocrontx, no, xxo
Mnnocepax, ne npecrann monxmn, Eroxe ponna ecn, a apyer nam npomenne mnornx
corpemenn namnx, a cnacer nac, nmnxe necrt cytamn. Homnny nac, Bnatunne,
nomnny nac, necmt o nam cnacennx or en. Temxe nepno nonnem Tn: nomnny pat Tnox
n nennonoe cepne name noxaxn nnoonocno narnx en. Hpnspn na nac, neocrontx, Tt
o ynonanne n noxpon nam, xnsnt n cner cepny namemy. xo Heneuepnn Cner or upena
Tnoero nosnnrmax, osapn ymy namy, uncrax, n orxenn ncxxy mrny cepna namero. apy
nam ymnnenne, noxaxnne n coxpymenne cepeunoe. Cnoon nac no ncx nn xnnora namero
rnopnrn nonm Ctna Tnoero n Fora namero n no ncem naroyroxarn Emy Ennomy.
O, Foromarn, ne npecrann monxmn Poxmarocx or Tee sa ncx, npnrexammnx c nepom x
cemy uyornopnomy opasy Tnoemy, n noana nm cxopym nomomt n yremenne n cxopex n
nanacrex n snocrpaannnx, nsann nx or xnenert n snot uenoneuecxnx, or npar nnnmtx n
nennnmtx n ncxxnx nyxt n neuann. Cnacn oreuecrno name, rpa ce n ncx rpat n
crpant or ncxxnx e n nyx n cornopn mnnocrnna nam trn Fora namero, ornparn ncxxn
rnen Ero, na nt nnxnmt, n nsann nt or nanexamaro n npanenaro Ero npemennx.
O, oronmnnax Bnatunne, Anrenon yxpamenne, myuennxon cnano n ncex cnxrtx
paocre, c nnmn monn Iocnoa, a cnoonr nac n noxaxnnn cxonuarn xnnora namero
reuenne. B cmeprn xe uac, Hpecnxrax eno, nsann nac or nnacrn econcxnx n ocyxennx, n
ornera, n crpamnaro ncntrannx, n mtrapcrn roptxnx, n ornx neunaro, a, cnoontmecx
cnannaro Hapcrnnx Foxnx, nennuaem Tx n cnannm Bonnommarocx or Tee Xpncra, Fora
namero, Emyxe cnana co Ornem n Cnxrtm yxom, ntne, n npncno, n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Y1onn uon neuann

Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Bnmnxxoncxn nep., 15, xpam no nmx cnxrnrenx Hnxonax uyornopna n
Kysnenax (c xpecrnntntm xpamom)

Hxona Foxne Marepn Vronn mox neuann n xpame Hnxont-n-Kysnenax xnnxercx
cnncxom c uyornopnoro opasa Foromarepn Vronn mox neuann. uyornopnax nxona, no
npeannm, tna npnnecena n Mocxny xasaxamn n 1640 roy n napcrnonanne Mnxanna
ueoponnua. Ona naxonnact n nepxnn Hnxonax uyornopna n Hyntmax, re nmenact
neronnct mnorouncnenntx uyec, nponcmemnx or opasa. B nacroxmee npemx cyta +ro
nxont nensnecrna.
B Mocxne nounranoct necxontxo cnncxon +ro nxont. Foromarept nsopaxena
npnnoxnnme nenym pyxy x Cnoe ronone, cxnonenno naox; npano pyxo Ona
npnepxnnaer cront Mnaenna Xpncra, y Koroporo n pyxax nonxrt nnepx pasnepnyrt
cnnrox co cnonamn: Cy npanent cynre, mnnocrt n meport rnopnre.
Hpasnonanne uyornopno nxone, conepmaemoe exerono 7 ]enpanx (25 xnnapx no crap.
cr.), tno ycranonneno n 1760 roy n namxrt ncnenennx ontno xenmnnt, yocronnmecx
nnennx +roro cnxroro opasa n ncnennnmecx nocne monena nepe nnm n nepxnn
Cnxrnrenx Hnxonax n Hyntmax n Mocxne. K +romy xe npemenn ornocxrcx cocrannennte e
cnyxa n axa]ncr.
B nacroxmee npemx n Mocxne ocoo nounraercx nxona Vronn mox neuann n xpame
Hnxonax uyornopna n Kysnenxo cnooe (npnnecena cma ns xpama Hnxonax uyornopna
n Caonnnxax npn ero saxptrnn). 25 cenrxpx 1765 roa cnncox nxont Vronn mox neuann
tn npnnesen n Canxr-Herepypr n npocnannncx ram uyecamn. Hxont Foromarepn Vronn
mox neuann nounrannct n nenom pxe ropoon n monacrtpe. Onn ns cnncxon,
nastnaemt Vronenne neuann, npnnanexan cenaropy rpa]y H. F. Camonony, xoropt n
1784 roy nocrponn npnentnt xpam n Opnn-Hnxonaencxom monacrtpe Opnoncxo
enapxnn n nepenec rya urnmt opas. Hepe nxono monxrcx n nmtx nyxax n ymenno
cxopn.

Tponapt, rnac 3
Vronn onesnn mnoronostxammnx ymn moex, yronnnmax ncxxy cnesy or nnna semnn,
Tt o uenonexom onesnn orronnmn n rpemntx cxopn paspymanmn, Tee o ncn crxxaxom
naexy n yrnepxenne, Hpecnxrax Marn eno.

Monnrna
Haexa ncem xonnem semntm Tt ecn, Hpeuncrax eno Iocnoxe Foroponne, yremenne
moe! He rnymacx mene, cxnepnaro, n epsnonennom monennn neocrontx ycr monx, n
monm: yracn mn nnament rpexonnt n opocn noxaxnnem, ymenntx n renecntx xsnt
ncnenn, onerun, Bnatunne, onesnt, yrnmn ypm sntx nanaenn, Hpeuncrax, ortmn
pemx rpexon monx, Hpenarax, n yronn neuann mox, coxpymammax cepne. Tt o ecn
nosneenne poy uenoneuecxomy n n neuanxx cxopax Vremnrentnnna. 3a ronnxnx xe Tnox
mnnocrn o nocnenxro moero nstxannx cnanocnonnrn rx nmam, o Bcenarocnonennax!
Amnnt.

Anasnncxan nxona Boanen Ma1epn Cnono nno1t mc1t
Poccnx, r. Fnaronemencx, Fnaronemencxn coop urnmt cnncox: Poccnx, r. Xaaponcx,
Vcnencxn coop

Anasnncxax nxona Foxne Marepn Cnono nnort tcrt nennxax cnxrtnx Hpnamyptx,
cnoe nasnanne nonyunna or pyccxo xpenocrn Anasnn (ntne ceno Anasnno) na Amype,
ocnonanno n 1650 roy snamennrtm pyccxnm semnenpoxonem aramanom Epo]eem
Xaapontm na mecre ropoxa aypcxoro xnxsx Anast.
Hoxpon Foxne Marepn, xax n annne npemena anasnncxnx cpaxenn, rax n n
nocneymmne nexa n nacroxmee npemx npocrepr na ropoamn n cenamn Hpnamyptx. Fonee
300 ner oxpanxer amypcxne pyexn Poccnn uyornopnax Anasnncxax nxona Foxne
Marepn.
Anasnncxax nxona Foxne Marepn xnnxercx noxponnrentnnne pyccxoro nonncrna.
pyroe ee nasnanne Cnono nnort tcrt. Opas Foromarepn nsopaxaer upenonomenne
Foxecrnennoro Mnaenna, n nepe nem raxxe npnnxro monnrtcx sa marepe no npemx
upenonomennx n onesne poxennx apyer o Foroponna nepntm onntnte apt
nenente or nencromaemoro ncrounnxa cnxrtx nxont Anasnncxnx.

Monnrna
Foroponne eno, Hpenenopounax Marn Xpncra Fora namero, 3acrynnnne poa
xpncrnancxaro! Hpe uyornopnom nxonom Tnoem npecroxme, ornt namn monnma Tx, a
xnnmn noxpon Tno n sacrynnenne crpane Hpnamypcre. Temxe n mt ntne monnm Tx: rpa
nam n crpany cnm or naxoxennx nnonnemenntx conmn n or mexoycontx pann
coxpann. apy mnponn mnp, semnn nnoon nsonnne, coxpann no cnxrtnn nacrtpe namnx,
n cnxrtx xpamex rpyxammnxcx; ocenn nceepxanntm noxponom Tnonm crponrene n
narornopnrene nx. Vrnepn n npanonepnn n ennomtcnnn parn namnx; sanyxmnx xe
n orcrynntmnx or npanocnanntx nept npasymn n coennn Cnxre Hepxnn Ctna Tnoero.
Fyn ncem npnrexammnm x uyornopne nxone Tnoe noxpon, yremenne n npncrannme or
ncxxnx son, e n ocroxnn: Tt o ecn ontntx ncnenenne, cxopxmnx yremenne,
sanyxmnx ncnpannenne n npasymnenne. Hpnnmn monennx nama n nosnecn x xo Hpecrony
Bcentmnxro, xxo a Tnonm npecrarentcrnom conmaemn n noxponom Tnonm ocenxemn,
npocnannm Orna n Ctna n Cnxraro yxa, ntne n npncno n no nexn nexon.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Ba1onecxan, nuenyeuan O1paa nnn Y1emenne
A]on, Baronecxn monactpt

Baronecxax nxona Foxne Marepn naxonrcx n pennem Baronecxom monacrtpe na
A]one, n xpame Fnaronemennx. Hasnanne Baronecxo ona nonyunna or roro, uro nns
+roro monacrtpx ynan n mope c xopanx mnt napennu Apxan n uyntm sacrynnennem
Foxne Marepn tn nepenecen na eper nentm n nenpenmtm. 3ect namnn ero croxmnm
no xycrom, neanexo or onrenn. Or +roro cotrnx n nponsomno nasnanne narone
(xycr orpoxa). Cnxro napt ueoocn Bennxn n naroapnocrt sa uynoe nsannenne
ctna yxpacnn n mepo oapnn Baronecxn monacrtpt.
Ha Baronecxo nxone Foroponna nsopaxena c nnnom, opamenntm x npanomy nneuy
rax, xax no npeannm 21 xnnapx 807 roa Foromarept, nsopaxennax na nxone, oparnna
nnno x nrymeny, monnnmemycx nepe ne n npeynpenna ero o namecrnnn pasonnxon,
namepenanmnxcx noutm nanacrt na onrent. Fnaroapx npeynpexennm pasonnxn tnn
orpaxent. B namxrt o +rom nepe nxono ropnr neyracnmax namnaa n exenenno noercx
ocot moneen. Ha A]one +ra nxona nastnaercx raxxe Orpao nnn Vremennem.
Mecrnournmte cnncxn nxont naxonnnct n nyx monacrtpxx Poccnn n Tanonxancxo
xencxo onrenn, Boponexcxo ryepnnn n n Canxr-Herepyprcxom ennuem
Bocxpecencxom monacrtpe (nropax nxona, npnnesena ns A]ona, ocnxmena n 1854 roy).
Baronecxo nxone Orpaa nnn Vremenne monxrcx n cxopn n neuann, n naexe
nonyunrt yremenne, a raxxe or neyron. Hpasnonanne nxone conepmaercx 3 ]enpanx (21
xnnapx no crap. cr.).

Tponapt, rnac 3
Vronn onesnn mnoronostxammnx ymn moex, Vronnnmax ncxxym cnesy or nnna semnn.
Tt o uenonexon onesnn orronnmn n rpemntx cxopn paspymanmn: Tee o crxxaxom ncn
naexy n yrnepxenne, Hpecnxrax Marn eno.

Monnrna nepnax
Haexa ncem xonnem semnn, Hpeuncrax eno Foroponne, Vremenne n Orpao name! He
rnymacx nac rpemntx, na Tnom o mnnocrt ynonaem. Vracn nnament rpexonnt n
noxaxnnem opocn nscoxmne cepna nama. Ouncrn ym nam or rpexonntx nomtmnenn.
Hpnnmn monennx or ymn n cepna c nostxannem Tee npnnocnmtx. Fyn Xoaranne o
nac x Ctny Tnoemy n Fory n ornparn rnen Ero or nac Marepnnmn monnrnamn. Vxpenn n nac
nepy npanocnannym, nnoxn n nac yx crpaxa Foxnx, yx cmnpennx, repnennx n nmnn.
ymenntx n renecntx xsnt ncnenn, yrnmn ypm sntx nanaenn npaxecxnx. Ortmn pemx
rpexon namnx n ne ocrann nac o xonna nornnyrn. Hoaxt nam mnnocrt Tnom n cnxroe
narocnonenne Cnoe ncem se npecroxmnm n monxmnmcx n ncera npetnax c namn,
noanax npnxoxmnm x Tee orpay n yremenne, nomomt n sacrynnenne, a cnannm n
nennuaem Tx ncn o nocnenxro namero nostxannx. Amnnt.

Monnrna nropax
O Hpecnxrax eno, Marn Iocnoa, Hapnne Heece n semnn! Bonmn mnoroonesnennomy
nostxannm ymn namex, npnspn c ntcort cnxrtx Tnoex na nac, c nepom n nmonnm
noxnonxmmnxcx Hpeuncromy opasy Tnoemy. Ce o rpexmn norpyxaemnn n cxoptmn
oypenaemnn, nsnpax na Tno opas, xxo xnne Tn cyme c namn, npnnocnm cmnpennax
monennx nama. He nmamt o nn nntx nomomn, nn nnaro npecrarentcrna, nn yremennx,
roxmo Tee, o Marn ncex cxopxmnx n opemenenntx! Homosn nam nemomntm, yronn
cxopt namy, nacrann na nyrt npant nac sanyxammnx, ynpauy n cnacn esnaexntx,
apy nam npouee npemx xnnora namero n mnpe n rnmnne npononrn, noaxt
xpncrnancxym xonunny, n na Crpamnom Cye Ctna Tnoero xnncx nam Mnnocepax
3acrynnnna, a ncera noem, nennuaem n cnannm Tx, xxo narym 3acrynnnny poa
xpncrnancxaro, co ncemn yronnmnmn Fory. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Onrn1pnn
Onrarpnx (c rpeu. Vxasymmax Hyrt) onn ns nanonee pacnpocrpanenntx rnnon
nsopaxennx Foromarepn c Mnaennem. Kax npannno, Foroponna npecrannena n noxcnom
nsopaxennn, no nsnecrnt n coxpamennte onneunte napnanrt nnn nsopaxennx n pocr.
Orpox Xpncroc cnnr na pyxax Foroponnt, npano pyxo On narocnonnxer, a neno
epxnr cnnrox, pexe xnnry.
Ho npeannm, camax nepnax Onrnrpnx (Bnaxepncxax nxona) tna ncnonnena
enanrenncrom Hyxo. Bnauane nxona tna nocrannena n Anrnoxncxo nepxnn, sarem
nepenecena n Hepycannm. Oxono cepennt V nexa nxona tna npnnesena ns cnxro semnn n
Koncranrnnonont Enoxne, xeno nmneparopa ueoocnx, a sarem nomemena no
Bnaxepncxom xpame (no pyrnm ncrounnxam n xpame monacrtpx Onron, oruero, no ono
ns nepcn, n nponcxonr nasnanne). 3ect mnorne, npnxonnmne x Hapnne Heecno,
nonyuann or Hee nomomt n ncnenenne. Hxona crana oxpannrentnnne Koncranrnnononx. Ee
ne pas ntnocnnn na ropocxne crent no npemx nanaennx nparon. Kpome roro, no nropnnx
xaxo neenn c nxono conepmancx xpecrnt xo no ncemy ropoy.
Onaxt Foxnx Marept, xnnnmnct nym cnennam, npnnena nx no Bnaxepncxn xpam, n
nocrannn nx nepe Cnoem nxonom, aponana nm npospenne. C rex nop nxony nauann
nmenonart Onrnrpne, uro n nepenoe c rpeuecxoro snaunr Hyrenonrentnnna.
3ror rnn Foroponuntx nxon nonyunn neotuano mnpoxoe pacnpocrpanenne no ncem
xpncrnancxom mnpe, a ocoenno n Bnsanrnn n n Poccnn. K +romy rnny ornocxrcx raxne
mnpoxo nounraemte na Pycn nxont, xax Tnxnnncxax, Cmonencxax, Kasancxax, Ipysnncxax,
Hnepcxax, Hnmenoncxax, Tpoepyunna, Crpacrnax, uencroxoncxax, Cnopyunnna rpemntx,
Kopcyncxax-Toponenxax n p.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Bnaxepncxan Onrn1pnn
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Iocyapcrnennax Tpertxxoncxax ranepex

Hxona Foromarept Bnaxepncxax ns Vcnencxoro coopa Mocxoncxoro Kpemnx
npecrannxer coom pente]noe nsopaxenne Foromarepn Onrnrpnn. Ona ne napnconana
xpacxamn, no xax yro renecnax, ronopnr neronncen. Hpeanne rnacnr, uro nxona tna
ntnennena ns nocxomacrnxn c oannennem npaxa coxxenntx n VI nexe xpncrnancxnx
myuennxon.
Bnaxepncxax nxona Foxne Marepn operena n Hepycannme nmneparpnne Enoxne, no
npemena cnxrnrenx Rnenannx, Harpnapxa Hepycannmcxoro (namxrt 2 nmnx), n
npenoonoro En]nmnx Bennxoro (namxrt 20 xnnapx no crap. cr.). Cnxrax nxona tna
nocnana n Koncranrnnonont, re nmneparpnna Hyntxepnx nocrannna ee n nepxnn
Bnaxepncxo, ram xe xpannnact uecrnax pnsa Foroponnt.
3ry cnxrym nxony nastnamr eme Onrnrpne, ro ecrt Hyrenonrentnnne. Hmenno c
+ro nxono Harpnapx Ceprn (610631) oxonn n 626 roy crent Koncranrnnononx c
monenamn npn ocae cronnnt anapamn (nepcamn). B namxrt +ro n pyrnx noe,
oepxanntx naroapx sacrynnnuecrny Hpecnxro ent, tno ycranonneno exerono n
cyory nxro cemnnt Bennxoro nocra conepmart npasnnx Hoxnant Hpecnxro
Foroponne (Cyora Axa]ncra). Hepnonauantno npasnonanne conepmanoct rontxo no
Bnaxepncxom xpame n Koncranrnnonone. B IX nexe npasnnx tn nnecen n ycran monacrtpx
npenoonoro Cannt Ocnxmennoro n n Cryncxn ycran, a sarem nxnmuen n Hocrnym
Tpnot n cenancx omnm nx nce Hpanocnanno Hepxnn.
B 1453 roy rypenxne nocxa saxnarnnn n pasopnnn Koncranrnnonont. uyornopnax
sacrynnnna Bnsanrnn, cnacanmax ee ne pas or namecrnnx nparon, renept Cama ymna ns mecr,
nnmnnmnxcx Ee oxpanennx. Hexne xpncrnane, xenax cnacrn or ynnuroxennx n nopyrannx
nennxym cnxrtnm, nsxnn ee n ennun monacrtpt no nmx Xpncra Bceepxnrenx. Ho n +ror
monacrtpt tn saxnauen, a nepxont, re xpannnact nxona, npenpamena n meuert. Hxony
yanoct cnpxrart.
Tontxo n nauane XVII nexa nonenennem Foxnnm oxnnnoct cne mnoronennoe
coxponnme. Hxona nonana x mecrnomy rpeuecxomy cnxmennnxy n tna npnsnana
uyornopno. 3a cemt ner npetnannx n ome nrymena Ianpnnna or nee tno mnoroe
ncnenenne. B 1653 roy nxona tna npoana pyccxnm nocnannam n nepenesena n Mocxny, a
n 1654 roy orana n ap napm Anexcem Mnxanonnuy. Cnxrax nxona tna nomemena n
Vcnencxom coope n c rex nop cnona npnopena nooammym e uecrt n noxnonenne.
Bnaxepncxax nxona crana nounrartcx xax sacrynnnna npornn npaxecxnx namecrnn: cpasy
nocne ee nepenecennx n Mocxny Anexce Mnxanonnu nsxn ee c coo na nony, a no
nosnpamennn, no cnnerentcrny Hanna Anencxoro, nes nepe coom. Bo npemx
cmonencxoro noxoa ee crannnn nanpornn napx n canxx.
Hocne noxapa 1812 roa Bnaxepncxax cnxrtnx tna naena es ocxn, n xoropym tna
nenana, 1 anrycra 1813 roa ona tna nononnena n nenana n nonym xnnapnconym ocxy. B
XIX nauane XX nexon nxona naxonnact n Herponannoncxom npnene Vcnencxoro coopa,
re ee nomecrnnn na paxo cnxrnrenx ueornocra n npoonxann ntnocnrt na xpecrntx
xoax. B 1918 roy, nocne Oxrxptcxo penonmnnn, ee nepemecrnnn n
Kpecronosnnxencxym nepxont na Bosnnxenxe. B 1931 roy Bnaxepncxax nxona nomna n
copanne myseen Mocxoncxoro xpemnx, a sarem n Tpertxxoncxym ranepem.
Hsnecrno rpn cnncxa nxont, cenanntx n pasnnunoe npemx. Hepnt npnnanexanmn
poy Crporanontx, a c cepennt XVIII nexa poy Ionnntntx. Hxona xpannnact n nmennn
Bnaxepncxom (Kystmnnxax) no Mocxno, re tna nocrpoena nepxont, ocnxmennax n ee
uecrt. B nacroxmee npemx +ror cnncox xpannrcx n Tpertxxoncxo ranepee. Hepnoe
ynomnnanne o nxone ornocnrcx x 1716 roy, no no pyro arnponxe opas ornocnrcx x
VII nexy. pennee nponcxoxenne nxont cnxsano c cementm npeannem Crporanontx n
Ionnntntx o rom, uro napm Anexcem Mnxanonnuy ns Koncranrnnononx npnnesnn ne
ony, a ne nxont.
Bropo cnncox ns xpama Ceprnx Paonexcxoro n mocxoncxom Btcoxo-Herponcxom
monacrtpe (cosan n 1701 roy), n nacroxmee npemx xpannrcx n nepxnn Poxecrna
Foroponnt n Crapom Cnmonone (Mocxna, tnmax Cnmonona cnooa).
Tpern cnncox ns Cnaco-Bnaxepncxoro monacrtpx no ropoom mnrponom. 3ro ona
ns cnxrtnt poa Iononnntx. Cnncox tn cosan n 1705 roy, n nacroxmee npemx naxonrcx
n mysee Anpex Pynena (Mocxna, Anpontencxax nn., 10).
Hpasnonanne Bnaxepncxo nxone conepmaercx 15 nmnx (2 no crap. cr.) (n npasnnx
Pnsononoxennx), 20 nmnx (7 no crap. cr.) n n Cyory Axa]ncra (n cyory nxro
cemnnt Bennxoro nocra).

Tponapt, rnac 4
K Foroponne npnnexno ntne npnrenem, rpemnnn n cmnpennnn, n npnnaem, n noxaxnnn
sonyme ns rnynnt ymn: Bnatunne, nomosn, na nt mnnoceponanmn, normncx, nornaem
or mnoxecrna nperpemenn, ne ornparn Tnox pat rmn, Tx o n enny naexy nmamt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Onrn1pnn mnmero Bosnecencxoro uonac1mpn
Poccnx, Mocxna, Tpertxxoncxax ranepex

Hxona Foxne Marepn Onrnrpnx ns mecrnoro pxa nxonocraca Bosnecencxoro coopa
Bosnecencxoro monacrtpx n Mocxoncxom Kpemne.
uyornopnax nxona Bosnecencxoro monacrtpx tna nanncana na onee penne ocxe, na
mecre nepnonauantnoro opasa, nocrpaanmero n noxape 1482 roa: crope nxona
Onrnrpne na Mocxne no nepxnn xamenno cnxraro Bosnecennx, umnax cnxrax Foroponnt
rpeuecxoro nncma, n ry mepy cenana, xxoxe n Haperpae uynax, exe ncxonr no nropnnx
a n cpey na mope; ronnxo opas ro crope a xysnt, a ocxa cx ocrana; n nannca ennce
nxonnnx na ro xe ocxe n ro xe opas.
Cropenmn opas tn cnncxom c xoncranrnnonontcxo nxont Foromarepn Onrnrpnn n,
nosmoxno, onnm ns nyx opason, npnnesenntx na Pyct n IV nexe cysantcxnm
apxnenncxonom nonncnem. Onrnrpnx Bosnecencxoro monacrtpx nocnnact n ontmne
xpecrnte xot 23 nmnx n 26 anrycra, c yuacrnem mnrpononnron, Harpnapxa n nennxnx
xnxse. Hocne paspymennx Bosnecencxoro monacrtpx nxona tna nepeana n xpannnnma
Tpertxxoncxo ranepen.
ent npasnonannx 20 (7 no crap. cr.) nmnx connan c nem npecrannennx xnxrnnn
Enoxnn, ocnonarentnnnt Bosnecencxoro monacrtpx.

Konax, rnac 6
Hpecrarentcrno xpncrnan nenocrtnoe, xoaracrno xo Tnopny nenpenoxnoe, ne npespn
rpemntx monenn rnact, no npenapn xxo narax na nomomt nac, nepno sonymnx Tn:
ycxopn na monnrny n normncx na ymonenne, npecrarentcrnymmn npncno, Foroponne,
urymnx rx.

Hno xonax, rnac 6
He nmamt nntx nomomn, ne nmamt nntx naext, pasne Tee, Bnatunne: Tt nam
nomosn, na Tex naeemcx n Toom xnannmcx: Tnon t ecmt pan, a ne nocrtnmcx.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Onrn1pnn Bonmncxan
Vxpanna, Bontncxax on., Hynxn p-n, c. 3apnannnt, xpam c. Tpocrxnen

Hxona tna nanncana n xonne XIII nauane XIV nexon. Hepnonauantnt ]opmar nxont
Bontncxax Foromarept tn xnaparnt, Foromarept nsopaxena n remnom, nnmneno-
xpacnom ma]opnn (noxpone).
Vxe n XX nexe n Tpocrxnen npntnn nsnecrnte pecranparopt, namepenanmnecx ynesrn
nxony. urot ntnecrn nxony ns xpama, ee neoxonmo tno paspesart nononam. He ycnenn
macrepa cnycrnrtcx sa nncrpymenrom, xax cnepxy onecnnct crpannte snyxn. Honxnmnct,
onn ne nonepnnn cocrnenntm rnasam: rxxenax nxona, xoropym onn nepennnynn nonnxe
x ntxoy, cnona ncrana na cnoe otunoe mecro. Hponsomemee nacrontxo nopasnno
macrepon, uro onn pemnnn ontme ee ne rporart.
onroe npemx Bontncxax nxona tna remno-xpacnoro nnera. Ee uyecnoe ononnenne
nponsomno n 1998 roy. Onaxt noutm nponsomna anromonntnax anapnx. Hs uertpex
naccaxnpon rpoe nornnn na mecre nponcmecrnnx, uerneprym naccaxnpxy n rxxenemem
cocroxnnn ornesnn n peannmannm. Haexa na ee cnacenne raxna c xaxtm uacom.
Pocrnennnxn nocrpaanme ntrannct cenart nce nosmoxnoe n nenosmoxnoe. Onn
cnxmennnx noconeronan ornesrn nocrpaanmym n Tpocrxnen, x uyornopno nxone. Vxe
nocne rpertero monena ontnax npnmna n cosnanne, c xaxtm nem e cranonnnoct nce
nyume. B xoneunom nrore npaun, nnauane nacrannanmne na xnpyprnuecxom nmemarentcrne,
cxasann, uro xenmnna n nem yxe ne nyxaercx. Ononnenne nxont nponsomno, xora
pocrnennnxn ncnenenno nosnocnnn nepe nxono naroapnocrt Fory, n xpame crano
neotuano cnerno n opas sacnxn sonorom.
Hpasnonanne nxont nponcxonr 10 anrycra (28 nmnx no crap. cr.) n ent npasnonannx
nxont Onrnrpnx.

Monnrna
K xomy nosonnm, Bnatunne? K xomy npnerny n ropecrn moe, ame ne x Tee, rocnoxe
Bnatunne Foroponne, Hapnne neecnax? Kro nnau mo n nostxanne moe npnnmer, ame
ne Tt, o npenenopounax, naexo xpncrnan n npnexnme rpemntm?
Hpnxnonn, o npeuncrax Bnatunne, ymeca Tnox x monennm moemy. Marn Fora moero, ne
npnspn mx, rpeymma Tnoex nomomn, ycntmn crenanne moe n nonnt cepna moero nnymn, o
rocnoxe Foroponne Hapnne. H noaxt mn paocrt ymennym, noxpenn mx
nerepnennnaro, yntnaro n nepannaro x Tnoemy xnanennm. Bpasymn n nayun mx, xaxo Tee
monnrncx nooaer, n ne orcrynn or mene, Marn Fora moero, sa ponranne n nerepnenne moe:
no yn mn noxpon n sacrynnenne n xnsnn moe n npnnen mx x rnxomy npncrannmy
naxennaro onaro noxox, n conpnurn mx x nnxy nspannaro Tnoero craa n ramo yocro mx
nocnenarn n cnannrn Tx no nexn. Amnnt.

Hxona Boaten Ma1epn Cuonencxan
Poccnx, r. Cmonencx, Coop Vcnennx Foroponnt

Cmonencxax nxona Foxne Marepn nounraemax n Hpanocnanno nepxnn nxona
Foroponnt, no npeannm, nanncannax enanrenncrom Hyxo. Kora nepnonncant opas c
nymx pyrnmn nxonamn npecrannnn Foxne Marepn. Ona nponsnecna: Fnaroart
Ponnmerocx or Menx a yer c cnmn nxonamn.
Herena rnacnr, uro n Poccnm nxona nonana n cepenne XI nexa, xora nnsanrncxn
nmneparop Koncranrnn IX Monomax narocnonnn em n opory cnom out, cranmym xenom
xnxsx Bcenonoa pocnannua. Hocne cmeprn myxa Anna Koncranrnnonna narocnonnna
+ro nxono cnoero ctna Bnanmnpa Bcenonoonnua Monomaxa. B nauane XII nexa xnxst
Bnanmnp Monomax nepenec nxony n Cmonencx, re sanoxnn xpam Vcnennx Foromarepn, n
xoropom nnocnecrnnn n pasmecrnnn xpncrnancxym cnxrtnm.
B 1238 roy no rnacy or nxont camoornepxennt npanocnannt nonn Mepxypn noutm
nponnx n cran Fartx n nepenn mnoxecrno nparon, n rom uncne n nx cnntnemero nonna.
Hpnnxn n nrne myuennuecxym xonunny, on tn npnuncnen Hepxontm x nnxy cnxrtx
(namxrt 24 noxpx no crap. cr.).
B nauane XV nexa, no npemx nsxrnx Cmonencxa Hnrno, nxona tna ornpannena n Mocxny
n ram nocrannena n Fnaronemencxom coope.
Hocne ocnooxennx Cmonencxa n 1455 roy no npocte cmonxn no rnane c enncxonom
Mncannom, nennxn xnxst Bacnnn Temnt nosnparnn nm cnxrtnm. Hxona tna
ropxecrnenno c xpecrntm xoom ornecena n Cmonencx, a n Mocxne ocrannct ne ee xonnn.
Ona tna nocrannena n Fnaronemencxom coope, a pyrax mepa n mepy n 1524 roy n
Honoennutem monacrtpe, ocnonannom n namxrt nosnpamennx Cmonencxa Poccnn.
Monacrtpt tn ycrpoen na ennutem none, re co mnornmn cnesamn mocxnnun
ornycxann cnxrym nxony n Cmonencx. Honoennun cnncox +ro nepnt nounraemt
cnncox c uyornopno nxont.
Bo npemx ocat Cmonencxa nontcxnm xoponem Cnrnsmynom III n nauane XVII nexa nxona
Onrnrpnn tna ntnecena ns ropoa n ornpannena n Mocxny, sarem n pocnannt. 3ect ona
naxonnact o oxonuarentnoro npncoennennx Cmonencxa x Mocxne.
B 1602 roy c uyornopno nxont tn nanncan rount cnncox, xoropt nomecrnnn n
amne Cmonencxo xpenocrno crent, na nenponcxnmn noporamn, no cnennantno
ycrpoenntm marpom. Hosxe, n 1727 roy, ram tna ycrpoena epenxnnax nepxont, a n 1802
xamennax.
Hont cnncox nocnpnnxn naroarnym cnny pennero opasa, n, xora pyccxne nocxa 5
anrycra (crap. cr.) 1812 roa ocrannxnn Cmonencx, nxony nsxnn c coo nx oxpanennx or
nenpnxrenx. Hxona tna nsxra 1- aprnnnepncxo poro xannrana Inyxona. C +roro
npemenn n o nsrnannx ]pannyscxnx nocx sa npeent Cmonencxo ryepnnn nxona
neornyuno naxonnact cpen nocx n 3- rpenaepcxo nnnsnn. Hxona 25 anrycra
(naxanyne Foponncxoro cpaxennx 7 cenrxpx (26 anrycra no crap. cr.)) no pacnopxxennm
rnannoxomanymmero M. H. Kyrysona nxona Cmonencxo Foromarepn tna onecena no
ncem pxam nocx, n nepe nee tn orcnyxen moneen c xonenonpexnonennem n
npncyrcrnnn rnannoxomanymmero n nce apmnn. Hxona naxonnact n nocxax o 5 noxpx
(crap. cr.). Hocne noet na ]pannyscxnm xopnycom renepana Hex no Kpacntm nxona no
pacnopxxennm Kyrysona tna nepenecena n nonym Hanparnym Foromareptcxym nepxont,
re naxonnact o 1941 roa.
pennn opas Cmonencxo Onrnrpnn, nsxrt npemenno n Vcnencxn coop, n ent
Foponncxo nrnt nmecre c Hnepcxo n Bnanmnpcxo nxonamn Foxne Marepn
onocnnn noxpyr Fenoro ropoa, Knra-ropoa n xpemnencxnx cren, a sarem ornpannnn x
ontntm n panentm n He]oproncxn nopen. Hepe ncrynnennem ]pannyson n cronnny
nxony ntnesnn n pocnannt, a no oxonuannn nont nepnynn n Cmonencx.
pennxx nxona xpannnact n Vcnencxom coope Cmonencxa, necmorpx na ero saxptrne n
1929 roy. B 1941 roy Cmonencx saxnarnnn nemenxo-]amncrcxne nocxa, xoropte
onapyxnnn nxony cpen npounx cnxrtnt Vcnencxoro coopa. Hocne ocnooxennx ropoa
or oxxynanron n 1943 roy nxona naena ne tna.
Haxoxmaxcx ceronx n coope nxona ror cnncox c penne uyornopno nxont,
xoropt tn nomemen n Cmonencxo xpenocrno crene na nenponcxnmn noporamn.
Cnncana +ra nxona c uyornopnoro opasa npn nape Hoanne Iposnom xyoxnnxom
Hocrnnxom Pocronnem.
C 1526 roa 10 anrycra (28 nmnx crap. cr.) ormeuaercx npasnnx uyornopno nxont
Onrnrpnn Cmonencxo.

Monnrna
O Hpeuynax n Hpentcmax ncex rnape Hapnne Foroponne, Heecnaro Hapx Xpncra
Fora namero Marn, Hpecnxrax Onrnrpne Mapne! Vcntmn nt rpemntx n neocrontx, n
uac ce monxmnxcx n x Tee co nostxannem n cnesamn npe Hpeuncrtm opasom Tnonm
npnnaammnx, n cnne ymnntno rnaronmmnx: nsnen nac or pona crpacre, Onrnrpne
Fnarax, nsann nac or ncxxnx cxopn n neuann, orpan or ncxxnx nanacrn n sntx xnener n or
nenpanenaro nanera npaxnx. Moxemn o, o Fnaroarnax Marn nama, ne rounm or ncxxaro
sna coxpannnn nmn Tnox, no n ncxxnm naroexnnem cnanrn n cnacrn: pasne o Tee
nntx npecrarentnnnt n eax n ocroxnnxx n renntx xoarannt o nac rpemntx x Ctny
Tnoemy, Xpncry Fory namemy, ne nmamt. Ero xe ymonn, Bnatunne, cnacrn nac n Hapcrnnx
Heecnaro cnoonrn, a cnacennnn Toom cnannm Tx n n yymem nene, xxo xe cnacennx
namero nnnonnnny, n npenosnocnm Bcecnxroe n Bennxonenoe nmx Orna n Ctna n Cnxraro
yxa, n Tponne cnannmaro n noxnanxemaro Fora, no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boaten Ma1epn Cuonencxan Benropocxan
Poccnx, r. Fenropo, yn. Hennna, 60, Cmonencxn coop

uyornopnax Fenropocxax Cmonencxax nxona uyecno npocnxna n nout na 15 oxrxpx
1703 roa na nparamn xpenocrno crent Fenropoa. B 1743 roy tn nosneen
Cmonencxn coop, n xoropom cnxrtnx naxonnact o saxptrnx xpama n 1920-e rot.
onroe npemx uyornopnax nxona cunranact yrpauenno. Bnont tna operena n 1990-x
roax. B nacroxmee npemx nounraemt opas naxonrcx n noccranonnennom Cmonencxom
coope Fenropoa.

Tponapt, rnac 4

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Cyepcxan (Cuonencxan)
Poccnx, Tmmencxax on., Vnoponcxn p-n, c. Cyepxa, xpam no nmx npenoonoro
Cepa]nma Caponcxoro

Bo nropo uerneprn VIII cronernx n Cyepcxo cnooe cnnpencrnonana moponax xsna.
Onomy ns npnxoxan n +ro npemx xnnnact Foroponna n nonenena n Pa]annoncxom
monacrtpe nanncart Cmonencxym nxony Foxne Marepn, oemax npexparnrt ecrnnx, n n
namxrt o nsannennn or nero nonenena exerono nocnrt nxony n +ror monacrtpt. Ho
nanncannn nxona tna npnnecena n Cyepxy n nocne orcnyxennoro nepe nem monena
moponax xsna npexparnnact. Bo nmx +ro nxont na epery Toona tn nosnnrnyr
xamennt nyx+raxnt xpam.
Hocne nxona rnopnna mnorne uyeca: nsannxna nme or onesne, noctnana oxn n
sacymnnnte roa, cnacana cxor or naexa. Onaxt xnrenn nyroponcxa oparnnnct c
npomennem x enapxnantnomy nauantcrny, urot tno paspemeno npnnocnrt nxony n nx
xpam. H n 1771 roy nyroponcxoe yxonnoe ynpannenne nocranonnno npnnocnrt ee n ropo
n nepnoe nocxpecente Herpona nocra, a nosnpamart n xpam Cepa]nma Caponcxoro na
enxrym nxrnnny nocne Hacxn.
C rex nop na enxrym nxrnnny n Cyepxy conpannct rtcxun nanomnnxon ns Hmnmcxoro,
Herponannoncxoro, Kyprancxoro, Tmmencxoro oxpyron, a raxxe ns Toontcxa, Omcxa,
Bepxoryptx.
Hecxontxo ner nasa noxpyr cena ymenann necnte noxap, n npnxoxane oparnnnct x
Bnatxe c npocto nepnyrt uyornopnt opas, xpannnmncx nocnenne rot n ropoe
nyroponcxe. Cpasy xe no nosnpamennm nxont tn nponeen Kpecrnt Xo, n na rnasax y
ncex nerep nepemennn cnoe nanpannenne, n noxap npexparnncx. Tenept nxona naxonrcx n
xpame npenoonoro Cepa]nma Caponcxoro.

Konax, rnac 6
Hpecrarentcrno xpncrnan nenocrtnoe, xoaracrno xo Tnopny nenpenoxnoe, ne npespn
rpemntx monenn rnact, no npenapn xxo narax na nomomt nac, nepno sonymnx Tn:
ycxopn na monnrny n normncx na ymonenne, npecrarentcrnymmn npncno, Foroponne,
urymnx Tx.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Bsmcxanne nornmnx
Ho nxonorpa]nn opas Bstcxanne nornmnx nocxonr x Bnanmnpcxo nxone Foxne
Marepn. 3ro noxcnoe nsopaxenne Foromarepn. Mnaenen npnnan neno mexo x npano
mexe Foromarepn, neno pyuxo On oxnartnaer Ee mem. Ha nxone Foxne Marepn
Bstcxanne nornmnx Xpncroc nsopaxen croxmnm na xonene Foromarepn. Ocoennocrt
mocxoncxoro opasa n rom, uro nonoct Foromarepn ne npnxptrt nn nnarom, nn ma]opnem n
napymenne nxononncnoro xanona.
C nesanamxrntx npemen pyccxn napo, cnxro nepx no ncecnntnym nomomt Hpecnxro
Foroponnt, ycnonn E nmenonanne Bstcxanne nornmnx, xax nocnenemy npnexnmy,
nocnene naexe nornammnx nme.
O nponcxoxennn opasa Bstcxanne nornmnx ocronepntx cneenn ne coxpannnoct.
Hsnecrno necxontxo uyornopntx nxon no +rnm nasnannem, uepes xoropte Marept Foxnx
xnnxna Cnom mnnocrt nmxm, yxe nepecrynnnmnm nopor rnenn.
Hoxnnenne +ro nxont cnxsano c ono ouent penne ncropne, arnponanno VI nexom
no Poxecrny Xpncrony. B nexoem apxnepecxom ome cnyxnn +xonom uecrnt n
narouecrnnt uenonex. Onaxt ero onnnnnn n noponcrne n ntrnann. Hnoxe rax cnntno
onencx, uro nosponran na Fora n Foroponny n saxnmunn coms c txnonom, nonncan c
nnm xaprnm. Ha rpann nornenn on yxacnyncx romy, uro narnopnn, onomnnncx n pemnn
npocnrt npomennx y Fora. On sarnopnncx n xpame n oruaxnno monnncx nepe opasom
Foxne Marepn, nastnax Ee Bstcxanne nornmnx. Monnrna tna raxo ropxue, rope
raxnm oruaxnntm, a pacxaxnne nacrontxo rnyoxnm n ncxpennnm, uro Hapnna Heecnax
nnxna npoctam ueo]nna (rax snann nnoxa) n, nosnecrnn o npomennn rpexon, nepnyna
nonncannym nm crpamnym xaprnm.
Bstcxanne nornmnx +ro nxona ornon n marepe, monxmnxcx o cnonx erxx, nxona-
yremnrentnnna ponrentcxo cxopn. Ee eme nastnamr Hsannenne or e crpaxymnx.
Hepe opasom Bstcxanne nornmnx monxrcx oo ncex nornammnx n sanymnx, o
nyremecrnymmnx, o nnsxnx, pasnyxa c xoroptmn nemnnyema. Cnxrax nxona Bstcxanne
nornmnx npocnannnact n Mocxne. Onaxo nepnax uyornopnax nxona c raxnm nasnannem
crana nsnecrno ne n cronnne, a n cene Fop Kanyxcxo ryepnnn.
B cepenne XVII nexa xnn n cene Fop xpecrtxnnn ueor Anexceennu Oyxon. 3ro tn
uenonex narouecrnnt, nmnnmn xeprnonart entrn na yxpamenne ponoro xpama.
Onaxt, n ent Kpemennx Iocnonx, no nyrn ns ropoa Bonxona ero nacrnrna crpamnax
ntmra c cnntntm moposom. Bcxope opory concem sameno. Homat ntnnact ns cnn n
ocranonnnact y nenpoxonmoro onpara. Ha mopose Oyxon conepmenno npopor. He nnx
cpecrn x cnacennm, on ntnpxr nomat, yxyrancx, ner n cann n cran sactnart, ne nonnmax,
uro samepsaer. Ho n n +rn crpamnte mnnyrt on ycnen nomonnrtcx Foroponne, mtcnenno
an oer nanncart Ee nxony Bstcxanne nornmnx. B cocenem cenennn xnn onn
xpecrtxnnn, npnxrent Oyxona. H nor n santnannxx ntmrn on npyr paccntman ue-ro
ronoc no oxnom: Bostmnre. Btx ns oma, on ynnen n canxx cnoero craporo pyra
ueora Oyxona. Ho ntsoponnennn Oyxon nemenenno npncrynnn x ntnonnennm cnoero
oera, saxasan xnnonncny cnncox c nxont Foxne Marepn Bstcxanne nornmnx ns
Ieoprnencxo nepxnn ropoa Bonxona Opnoncxo ryepnnn. Kora nxona tna rorona, on
npnnes ee cnauana n cno ponrentcxn om, a orrya na ronone cnoe nepenec n pono
xpam. Fopcxax nxona npocnannnact naroarntmn snamennxmn n uyecamn. uepes
nexoropoe npemx n Poccnn crann nsnecrnt n pyrne opast Bstcxanne nornmnx.
Hsnecrnt uyornopnte opast Bstcxanne nornmnx: ns cena Mannxnna Xaptxoncxo
ryepnnn, xnnennax n 1770 roy, rpoexparno nsannnmax xnrene or xonept; ns cena
Kpacnoe uepnnroncxo ryepnnn, ns Boponexa, Kosnona Tamoncxo ryepnnn. B 1835
roy npn Mocxoncxom Anexcanponcxom Cnporcxom nncrnryre tn ocnxmen xpam n uecrt
nxont Bstcxanne nornmnx.
Hpasnonanne nxone conepmaercx Pyccxo Hpanocnanno Hepxontm 18 ]enpanx (5
]enpanx no crap. cr.).

Tponapt, rnac 4
Bstmn nac, nornammnx Hpecnxrax eno, ne no rpexom o namnm naxasyemn nac, no no
uenonexonmnm mnnyemn: nsann nac or aa, onesnn n nyxt n cnacn nac.

Monnrna
3acrynnnne ycepnax, naroyrponax Iocnoa Marn! K Tee npneram as oxaxnnt n
naue ncex uenonex rpemnemn, nonmn rnacy monennx moero n nonnt mo n crenanne
ycntmn.
xo essaxonnx mox npenstoma rnany mom, n as, xxoxe xopant n nyunne, norpyxamcx n
mope rpexon monx. Ho Tt, Bcenarax n Mnnocepax Bnatunne, ne npespn mene oruaxnnaro
n no rpecex nornammaro, nomnny mx, xammarocx no sntx enex monx, n oparn na nyrt
npant sanyxmym oxaxnnym ymy mom. Ha Tee, Bnatunne mox Foroponne, nosnaram
nce ynonanne moe. Tt, Marn Foxnx, coxpann n conmn mx no xponom Tnonm, ntne n
npncno n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Bsmcxanne nornmnx (Mocxna)
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, xpam Bocxpecennx Cnonymero n Fpmconom nepeynxe
Ocoennt nnrepec npecrannxmr coxpannnmnecx npeannx o nxone Foxne Marepn
Bstcxanne nornmnx, naxoxmecx n xpame n uecrt Bocxpecennx Cnonymero n
Mocxne. Mocxoncxn cnncox nxont tn nanncan nrantxncxnm macrepom n npnnanexan
mocxoncxo nopxncxo ]amnnnn.
3ra nxona tna nepenecena ns xpama n uecrt Poxecrna Xpncrona n Hanamencxom
nepeynxe. Hocnenn nnaenen ee ononen n tn na nopore nonno nnmert. V nero tno
ne ouepn, xoroptx nnepen xana neyremnrentnax yuacrt. Vcepnax monnrna Hpecnxro
Foroponne cnacna ero or oruaxnnx n ycrponna cyty ero ouepe-cnpor. uenonex +ror
cuen cex neocrontm nmert n cnoem ome uyornopnt opas n nepean ero n xpam.
B 1812 roy Hanamencxn xpam tn pasrpanen ]pannysamn. Hopyrannax cnxrtnx tna
naena pacxonoro na rpn uacrn cpen ncxxoro xnama. Hpn operennn nxont conepmnnoct
mnoxecrno uyecntx ncnenenn. Concem neanno, n 80-e rot, n xpame Bosnecennx
Cnonymero, re xpannnact nxona, tn cnntnt noxap. Cropen xnnor, no oront ne nonpenn
Opas Hpeuncro.
K +ro nxone opamannct nenecrt, ntxox samyx, urot pax tn cnacnrentntm,
npnxonnn x ne nmn, norpxsmne n ntxncrne, nornammne n nnmere, crpaxymne n
onesnxx, c monennxmn opamannct x ne marepn o nornammnx erxx. H ncem Hapnna
Heecnax nncnoctnana nomomt n noepxxy: Bstmn nac, nornammnx. Hpecnxrax eno,
ne no rpexom o namnm naxasyemn nac, no no uenonexonmnm mnnyemn: nsann nac or aa,
onesnn n nyxt n cnacn nac (rponapt, rn. 4).

Monnrna
O, Hpecnxrax n Hpenarocnonennax eno, Bnatunne Foroponne, Cnopyunnne rpemntx n
Bstcxanne nornmnx! Hpnspn mnnocrnnntm Tnonm oxom na nac, npecroxmnx npe
cnxrom nxonom Tnoem n co ymnnennem monxmnxcx Tee: nosnnrnn nac ns rnynnt
rpexonntx, npocnern ym nam, ompauennt crpacrtmn, n ynpauy xsnt ym n renec namnx.
He nmamt nntx nomomn, ne nmamt nntx naext, pasne Tee, Bnatunne, Tt necn ncx
nemomn n corpemennx nama, x Tee npneraem n nonnem: ne ocrann nac Tnoem neecnom
nomomnm, no npecrann nam npncno n Tnonm nenspeuenntm mnnocepnem n meporamn
cnacn n nomnny nac nornammnx. apy nam ncnpannenne rpexonntx xnsnn namex n
nsann nac or cxope, e n onesne, or nanpacntx cmeprn, aa n neuntx myxn. Tt o,
Hapnne n Bnatunne, cxopax Homomnnna n 3acrynnnna ncem npnrexammnm x Tee, n
xpenxoe Hpnexnme rpemnnxon xammnxcx. Hoaxt yo nam, Hpenarax n Bcenenopounax
eno, xpncrnancxn xonen xnnora namero mnpen n nenocrten n cnoon nac Tnonm
xoaracrnom ncennrncx n onrenex Heecntx, nexe nenpecrannt rnac npasnymmnx
paocrnm cnannr Hpecnxrym Tponny, Orna n Ctna n Cnxraro yxa, ntne n npncno n no
nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Bsmcxanne nornmnx (Cauapa)
Poccnx, r. Camapa, Hoxponcxn Ka]epantnt Coop

uyornopnax nxona Bstcxanne nornmnx npnnntna no Bonre x Caparony n 1666 roy n
tna xnnena mecrnomy noenoe Katmeny. C rex nop ona crana poono pennxnne +roro
nopxncxoro poa, neonoxparno xnnxx uyecnte snamennx n ncnenennx or onesne.
Anna Hnanonna Katmena, nonyunn or aymxn n nacnecrno uyornopnym nxony, ne
paccrananact c nem, conpax no nce Poccnn noxeprnonannx nx ocnonannx Paxoncxoro
Cnxro-Tponnxoro xencxoro monacrtpx. Hsnecrntm uyom nxont crano ncnenenne
nensneunmo ontnoro ctna rpa]a Bepemertena. B 1862 roy A. H. Katmena crana nepno
nrymente Paxoncxoro monacrtpx, rya xe tn nepenecen n uyornopnt opas.
Ha noxnonenne nxone Bstcxanne nornmnx npanocnannte nmn mnn co nce ryepnnn.
B monacrtpcxo neronncn xpannnoct nemano cnnerentcrn uyec ncnenenn, rnopnmtx
nepom n naroartm (sa nepno c 1862 no 1900 ro sacnnerentcrnonano oxono 40 uyec:
ncnenenn ecnonartx, nemtx, cnentx, nomomn Foxne Marepn npn sacyxe, namecrnnn
capanun).
Hocne penonmnnn monacrtpt tn saxptr n ceuac +ra nxona naxonrcx n Camapcxom
Hoxponcxom xa]epantnom coope. Ho nropnnxam nepe nxono noercx axa]ncr Hpecnxro
Foxne Marepn, a 18 ]enpanx (5 ]enpanx no crap. cr.) n ent namxrn uyornopnoro opasa
Bstcxanne nornmnx n coope conepmaercx ropxecrnennt moneen n xpecrnt xo.

Monnrna
O, Bnatunne Hpenarocnonennax, 3amnrnnne poa xpncrnancxaro, npnexnme n
cnacenne npnerammnx x Tee! Bem, noncrnnny nem, xxo seno corpemnx n npornenax,
Hpemnnocrnnax Iocnoxe, poxennaro nnornm or Tee Ctna Foxnx. Ho nmam mnornx
opast npexe mene npornenanmnx Ero mnnocepne: mtrapn, nynnnt n npounx
rpemnnxn, nmxe aecx npomenne rpexon nx noxaxnnx pan n ncnoneannx. Ttx yo
opast nomnnonanntx ouecem rpemntx ymn moex npecrannxx n na ronnxoe Foxne
mnnocepne, ontx npnemmee, nsnpax, epsnyx n as rpemnt npnernyrn c noxaxnnem xo
Tnoemy narocepnm.
O, Bcemnnocrnnax Bnatunne! Hoaxt mn pyxy nomomn n ncnpocn y Ctna Tnoero n
Fora Marepnnmn n cnxremnmn Tnonmn monnrnamn rxxxnm monm rpexom npomenne.
Bepym n ncnoneym, xxo To, Eroxe ponna ecn, Ctn Tno ecrt noncrnnny Xpncroc, Ctn
Fora xnnaro. Cynx xnntx n Meprntx, nosax xoemyxo no enom ero; nepym xe naxn n
ncnoneym Tee trn ncrnnnym Foroponny, mnnocepnx ncrounnx, yremenne nnauymnx,
nstcxanne nornmnx, cnntnym n nenpecrammym x Fory xoaranny, seno nmxmym po
xpncrnancxn, n cnopyunnny noxaxnnx; noncrnnny o necrt nam nntx nomomn n noxpona,
pasne Tee, Iocnoxe Hpemnnocrnnax, n nnxroxe, ynonax na Tx, nocrtecx xora, n Toom
ymonxx Fora, nnxroxe ocrannen tcrt.
Toro pan n as Tnom nencuernym narocrt monm: ornepsn nepn mnnocepnx Tnoero mne
sanyxmemy n namemy n rnmenne rnynnt, ne nosrnymacx mene cxnepnaro, ne npespn
rpemnaro monennx moero, ne ocrann mene oxaxnnaro, xxo n nornent snont npar
noxnrnrn mx nmer, no ymonn o mne poxennaro or Tee mnnoceparo Ctna Tnoero n Fora,
a npocrnr nennxnx mox rpexn n nsannr mx or naryt moex, xxo a n as, co ncemn
nonyunnmnmn npomenne, nocnom n npocnannm esmepnoe mnnocepne Foxne n Tnoe
nenocrtnoe o mne sacrynnenne n xnsnn ce n n necxonuaemom nene. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Kasancxan
uyornopnte cnncxn:
Poccnx, r. Kasant, xpam no nmx uyornopnen pocnancxnx
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Enoxoncxax yn., 15, Foroxnnencxn coop
Poccnx, r. Canxr-Herepypr, Kasancxn coop
Poccnx, Hnxeropocxax on., nneencxn p-n, noc. nneeno, Tponnxn Cepa]nmo-
nneencxn monacrtpt
Poccnx, Hepmcxax on., uyconcxn p-n, noc. Bepxne-uyconcxne Iopoxn, Bcexcnxrcxn
xpam Bepxne-uyconcxo Kasancxo Tpn]onono Hycrtnn
Poccnx, r. Heuopt, Mexynaponax, 5, Hcxono-Heuepcxn monacrtpt, Knxst-
Bnanmnpcxn Coop
Poccnx, Moponnx, Kpacnocnoocxn p-n, noc. Vuxos, Kpacnocnoocxn Cnaco-
Hpeopaxencxn myxcxo monacrtpt
Poccnx, r. Bonora, yn. Ceprex Opnona, 15, Bonorocxn myse-sanonennx
Poccnx, Fpxncxax on., Fpaconcxn p-n, noc. Huena, Kasancxax Foroponnxax Hnomancxax
Hycrtnt
Fenopyccnx, r. Mnncx, xa]epantnt Coop n uecrt Comecrnnx Cnxroro yxa

Hcropnx operennx nepnonauantno Kasancxo nxont Foxne Marepn n omnx ueprax
raxona. Herom 1579 roa crpamnt noxap ynnuroxnn ontmym uacrt Kasann. ne neenn
cnycrx enouxe no nmenn Marpona Onyunna rpnxt xnnxnact no cne Hpecnxrax ena,
nacroxrentno rpeyx, urot ona coomnna Kasancxomy apxnenncxony o Ee cnxrom opase,
xoropt naxonrcx n nonane cropenmero oma Onyunntx.
Cnauana enouxe ne nonepnnn, no nocne nontx xnnenn Foroponnt pemnnn nce xe
xonart n yxasannom Foroponne mecre. Ha merpono rnynne tn naen opas Hpecnxro
Foroponnt.
V operenno nxont cpasy xe crann conepmartcx uyeca. Hepntmn ncnennnnct noe
cnentx, Hocn] n Hnxnra: cronno nm npnnoxnrtcx x nnxy Foroponnt, xax oa npospenn. B
uecrt operennx nxont tn ycranonnen nepnt npasnnx Kasancxo nxont Foxne
Marepn 8 nmnx (crap. cr.). B rom xe 1579 roy napt Hnan Iposnt ocnonan n Kasann
monacrtpt Hpecnxro Foroponnt, n xoropt n tna nomemena operennax nxona. C nee
cenann necxontxo xonn, nexoropte ns xoroptx, xax n cama nsnauantnax nxona, tnn
npnsnant uyornopntmn.
Onn ns raxnx cnncxon nonan n Mocxny. Ero (no nexoroptm npeannxm camy
nepnooperennym nxony) nsxn c coo n noxo xnxst mnrpn Hoxapcxn. Kora ero
ononuenne nomno n Mocxny, tno pemeno oorn c Kasancxo nxono Foxne Marepn
noxpyr Kpemnx, monxct, urot on ocrancx nentm. H +ro nostmeno cnoe ecrnne: 22
oxrxpx (crap. cr.) nonxxn oxnnnn, uro camrcx. B uecrt +roro cotrnx n tn ycranonnen
eme onn ent npasnonannx nxont.
Crapannxmn xnxsx . H. Hoxapcxoro n 1636 roy n Mocxne na Kpacno nnoman tn
nosneen nepnt Kasancxn coop, xya n tna nomemena nxona, xoropym xnxst yxpacnn
sonortm nenunxom n snax roro, uro ona uyornopnax.
Hocne paspymennx Kasancxoro coopa ontmennxamn n 1936 roy nxona naxonnact n
xa]epantnom Foroxnnencxom coope.
Cnncox c nxont Kasancxo Foxne Marepn, xoropt tn nepenecen Herpom I n 1721
roy ns Mocxnt n Canxr-Herepypr. B 1811 roy opas tn nocrannen n rontxo uro
nocrpoennom n ocnxmennom Kasancxom coope, re ncxope nonxonoen Kyryson monnncx
nepe uyornopno nxono o noee na ]pannysamn. Cnxro opas ocenxn pyccxnx conar,
nymnx na ocnooxenne Poccnn or nnosemntx saxnarunxon n 1812 roy, n nepnax xpynnax
noea tna oepxana n ent npasnnxa nxont 22 oxrxpx (no crap. cr.), xora ntnan cner
n yapnnn cnntnte mopost, cama 3acrynnnna npnmna na nomomt nonnam.
Hocne nosnpamennx nepxnn Kasancxoro coopa Canxr-Herepypra, 21 nmnx 2001 roa
uyornopnax nxona nepnynact n nero.
Eme ono uyo xnnna nxona n 1941 roy. Hnnancxomy mnrpononnry Hnne xnnnact no
npemx monnrnt Foroponna n oxnnna, uro nanexnr enart n cront xpnrnuecxoe npemx.
Bo-nepntx, nyxno onecrn o nnacre Poccnn, uro onn onxnt orxptrt no nce crpane
npanocnannte xpamt, a ns rmpem ocnoonrt cnxmennnxon. Bo-nroptx, nyxno monnrtcx
nym Kasancxnm nxonam Foxne Marepn: ro, uro npetnaer n Mocxne n Foroxnnencxom
coope, n pyro, npetnamme no Bnanmnpcxom coope Hennnrpaa.
Ho mexynapontm nepxonntm xananam Hnne yanoct nepecnart sannct o cnoem nnennn
n Poccnm. H ecrnnrentno, n Foroxnnencxom coope ocaxenno cronnnt orcnyxnnn
moneen, nocne xoroporo cocroxncx xpecrnt xo c ntnocom Kasancxo nxont Foxne
Marepn.
B 1993 roy Kasancxn coop na Kpacno nnoman tn orcrpoen sanono na cpecrna
ropoa, no cama Kasancxax nxona Foxne Marepn ceuac npetnaer n mocxoncxom
Ka]epantnom coope na Enoxoncxo ynnne. Ho nxrnnnam n nem conepmaercx nnryprnx c
axa]ncrom, ro ecrt npocnannennem Foroponnt.
Ie naxonrcx nepnooperennax Kasancxax nxona ononnnno ne nsnecrno. Pasnte
ncrounnxn acconnnpymr c ne n mocxoncxym, n canxr-nerepyprcxym cnxrtnn, a rax xe n
ry nxony, uro naxonnact n Kasancxom Foroponnxom monacrtpe n tna noxnmena orrya
n 1904 roy n nnxora ontme ne naena.
Hpasnonannx: 21 nmnx (8 nmnx no crap. cr.) n 4 noxpx (22 oxrxpx no crap. cr.).

Tponapt, rnac 4
3acrynnnne ycepnax, Marn Iocnoa Btmnxro, sa ncex monnmn Ctna Tnoero Xpncra
Fora namero, n ncem rnopnmn cnacrncx, n epxannt Tno noxpon npnerammnm. Bcex nac
sacrynn, o Iocnoxe Hapnne n Bnatunne, nxe n nanacrex n n cxopex, n n onesnex,
opemenenntx rpexn mnornmn, npecroxmnx n monxmnxcx Tee ymnnennom ymem, n
coxpymenntm cepnem, npe npeuncrtm Tnonm opasom co cnesamn, n nenosnparno
naexy nmymnx na Tx nsannennx ncex son, ncem nonesnax apy, n ncx cnacn, Foroponne
eno: Tt o ecn Foxecrnennt noxpon paom Tnonm.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Kasancxan (Hensencxan)
Poccnx, r. Hensa, yn. Boontxnona, Mnrpo]anoncxoe xnanme, xpam cnxrnrenx
Mnrpo]annx Boponexcxoro
B nensencxom xpame cnxrnrenx Mnrpo]annx Boponexcxoro npetnaer uyornopnax
nxona (cnncox c mocxoncxo), npncnannax ropoy n ap or napx Anexcex Mnxanonnua.
Hensa n ro npemx tna rontxo uro ocnonana nourn na rpannne rocyapcrna. B
narocnonenne nononocenennam ns napcxnx nanar n tna nasnauena +ra nxona.
Hounranne nxont ocoenno ycnnnnoct c 1717 roa, xora ee naroartm Hensa cnacena
tna or ontmo onacnocrn. Ha +ror ropo uacro enann naern xouenanmne n
acrpaxancxnx n caparoncxnx crenxx norant. Camoe crpamnoe namecrnne nx tno n 1717
roy. Onn ntxnrann nente cenennx, a xnrene nnn ynnann, nnn co cxorom n pyro
otue ynonnn n nnen. Onycromnn npnropot Pamsa n Moxman, norant nocrynnnn
x camo Hense n onoxnnn ee. B ropoe sanepnnct ero xnrenn c copanmnmncx ns yesa
nopxnamn. Xann noenno ntpyuxn, no ona ne noxonna. Kax mornn, samnrnnxn
orpaxann xouennnxon c xpenocrntx nanon, no nx uncno tcrpo crano ytnart. Pasneccx
cnyx, uro 4 anrycra norant pemnnn ncemn cnnamn opymnrtcx na ropo, ntxeut n
ntpynrt ero. Bcm nout nepe npncrynom xnrenn Henst nponenn n monnrne, npocx
Foromarept npe Ee Kasancxo nxono ne ntart nx n raxom esnomomnom nonoxennn.
Kora c yrpa ynnenn c nanon, uro norant conpamrcx nauart nacrynnenne, na
Hnxontcxym nnomat ntnecnn Kasancxym nxony c xpecramn n xopyrnxmn n nauann
moneen. Bnesanno nnx Foromarepn na nxone nouepnen n ns rnas norexnn cnest, no x xonny
monena ror xe nnx npocnernen n sacnxn nnntmn paocrntmn nyuamn. Hpeuyncrnne
cnacennx oxnarnno ropoxan. Bepnnn, uro Foromarept samnrnr. Cxopo c nanon npnmna
necrt, uro norant, npexparnn nacrynnenne, nonepnynn rtn n eryr n esnopxxe, ene
ycnenax sapart nonosxn cnon n nnenntx. Hs paccxason nnenntx noranen norom
ntxcnnnoct, uro n ro camoe npemx, xora onn roront tnn pocnrtcx na ropo, ns Henst
noxasanact exanmax na enom xone npexpacnax ena. Ee conponoxann na crapna; ns Hee
ncxonnn ornennte nyun, nopaxanmne noranen, xax ocrpte meun. B yxace onn noexann.
Or nxont tno mnoro n pyrnx uyec. E npnnnctnamr mnorouncnennte ncnenennx
ontntx, n uacrnocrn nsannenne or cnenort.
B xonne XK nexa +ro nxone tno ycranonneno npasnonanne na 4 (17) anrycra. Ha
ncenomnom ennn nonoxeno nennuanne: Bennuaem Tx, Hpecnxrax eno, n urem opas
Tno cnxrt, nmxe nsannxomcx or norantx namecrnnx.
B 2004 roy Harpnapx Anexcn yonnernopnn npomenne apxnenncxona Hensencxoro n
Kysnenxoro unnapera (Kaparonna) o yupexennn ero npasnonannx n xanenape Pyccxo
Hpanocnanno Hepxnn, nasnaunn ent 17 anrycra (4 anrycra no crap. cr.).

Hspanne or ncex poon 3acrynnnne poa xpncrnancxaro, noxponom Cnoex narocrn
noxptnamme crpany namy npanocnannym, naroapcrnennax nennx npnnocnm Tn,
Foroponne, o xnnennn uyntx Tnoex nxont. Tt xe, xxo Bcemnnocrnnax, ncex
npnrexammnx x Tee Homomnnne, sacryna nac no ncex cxopex n nyxax, eax n
nanacrex, a sonem Tn: Paycx, 3acrynnnne ycepnax poa xpncrnancxaro.

Monnrna
Hpeuncrax Tnox nxona, Foroponne eno, npauencrno ncemy mnpy yxonnoe: x nexe
npneramme, Tee noxnanxemcx, n nounraem, n notsaem, n urnm, ncnenenn naroart
nouepnamme or nex, n neyr renecntx, n ymenntx crpacre, Tnonmn monnrnamn
cnooxaemcx.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Kasancxan n Rpocnanne
Poccnx, r. pocnannt, yn. Hepnomacxax, 19a, monacrtpt n uecrt nxont Foxne Marepn
Kasancxax pocnancxn (xencxn)

Ocnonannm Kasancxoro monacrtpx npemecrnonano neotuanoe xnnenne uyornopno
pocnancxo Kasancxo nxont Foxne Marepn. B 1588 roy ona tna npnnesena ns ropoa
Kasann pomanonnem Iepacnmom Tpn]onontm. Cama Marept Foxnx npopouecxn naroarnm
cnoem npepexna o cnoe nxone: xo nexe no nnxonnnex nerex nmart cnx nxona croxrn
ry naroarnm ns Mene Pomerocx Fora yer onrent nennx na cnany n na noxnany
cnxromy nmenn Moemy n na npocnannenne yymnm mnornm uyecam or Mene. H c
nepntx xe ne or nxont nponcxonnn uyecnte ncnenennx.
Cnycrx 21 ro co nx uyecnoro operennx, n nopy rxxentx cotrn Cmyrnoro npemenn
16081614 roon, pocnancxax-Kasancxax nxona Foxne Marepn crana cunrartcx
Hoxponnrentnnne pocnannx.
C 30 anpenx 1609 roa nauanact ocaa ropoa nonxxamn tnn saxnauent antnne
npnropot. Bpar tn na nocrynax x ropoy nocay. B re nn txxony Ennasapy or
uyornopno nxont tno nenenne Marepn Foxne nocrannrt xpam n uecrt Kasancxoro Ee
opasa, n rora Ona yer nm ropoy rneptnx n crena, naue ncxxne orpat.
B ro xe npemx nnox Ianaxrnon (n mnpy Iepacnm, npnnecmn uyornopnym nxony ns
Kasann), monnnmncx y mome pocnancxnx cnxrtx xnxse o cnacennn ropoa, npyr
ycntman nonenenne nocrponrt xpam n uecrt Kasancxo nxont Foromarepn sect n
pocnanne, na mecre, xoropoe Ona naronsnonnr cnoe mnnocrtm. uepes 24 nx nonxxn,
norepxn snaunrentnoe uncno cnonx cnn, cnxnn ocay ropoa n orcrynnnn. Xnrenn ynnenn
n +rom sacrynnnuecrno Foxne Marepn.
H n 1610 roy na nycrom mecre n cenepo-sanano uacrn nocaa 3emnxnoro ropoa y
saonouennoro pennero ncrounnxa (p. Heuern) nosneen tn epenxnnt xpam n uecrt
samnrnnme ropo pocnancxo Kasancxo nxont Hpecnxro Foroponnt.
B nacroxmee npemx mecronaxoxenne pocnancxo Kasancxo nxont Hpecnxro
Foroponnt nensnecrno. Coxpannncx nnmt ]orocnnmox c uyornopnoro opasa.
Onaxo cpasy nocne orxptrnx onrenn n xonne anrycra 1998 roa apxnenncxon
pocnancxn n Pocroncxn Mnxe nepean cnncox c uyornopnoro opasa, ntnonnennt
monaxnnxmn monacrtpx o ero saxptrnx n pasrpanennx. Hpasnecrno n uecrt nxont
conepmaercx 21 nmnx (8 nmnx no crap. cr.).

Monnrna
O Hpecnxrax Iocnoxe Bnatunne Foroponne! Co crpaxom, nepom n nmonnm
npnnaamme npe uecrnom nxonom Tnoem, monnm Tx: ne ornparn nnna Tnoero or
npnerammnx x Tee, ymonn Mnnocepax Marn, Ctna Tnoero n Fora namero, Iocnoa
Hncyca Xpncra, a coxpannr mnpny crpany namy, Hepxont Cnom Cnxrym a nestnemy
conmer or nenepnx, epece n pacxona. He nmamt o nntx nomomn, ne nmamt nntx
naext, pasne Tee, Hpeuncrax eno: Tt ecn Bcecnntnax xpncrnan Homomnnna n
3acrynnnna. Hsann ncex c nepom Tee monxmnxcx or naenn rpexonntx, or nanera sntx
uenonex, or ncxxnx ncxymenn, cxope, e n or nanpacntm cmeprn: apy nam yx
coxpymennx, cmnpenne cepna, uncrory nomtmnenn, ncnpannenne rpexonntx xnsnn n
ocrannenne nperpemenn, a ncn naroapne nocnenamme nennunx Tnox, cnoonmcx
Heecnaro Hapcrnnx n ramo co ncemn cnxrtmn npocnannm Hpeuecrnoe n Bennxonenoe Hmx
Orna n Ctna n Cnxraro yxa. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Kasancxan Toontcxan
3ra uyornopnax nxona naxonnact nToontcxe n xa]epantnom coope. Ona xnnnact n
1661 roy.
Onaxt n 3namencxom monacrtpe, n ent npasnonannx Kasancxo nxone, na yrpene,
xora neponaxon Hoannnxn unran cxasanne o xnnennn nxont Hpecnxro Foroponnt n
Kasann n omen o roro mecra, re cxasano, uro apxnenncxon xasancxn npexe ne neponan
xnnennm nxont, norom npe ncem napoom monnn Hpeuncrym Bnatunny o npomennn
cnoero rpexa, Hoannnxn npyr ynan na non nmecre c ananoem. Kora xe onomnnncx, roruac
norpeonan yxonnnxa n orxptn emy, uro 21 nmnx emy no cne xnnncx cnxrnrent (nnnmo,
mnrpononnr unnnnn) n cxasan: Bcrant n cxaxn apxnmanpnry, noenoe n ncemy napoy,
urot neanexo or Tpexcnxrnrentcxo nepxnn n ropoe nocrponnn nepxont no nmx
Kasancxo Foxne Marepn, nocrponnn t ee n rpn nx, a n uerneprt ocnxrnnn n nnecnn n
nee opas Foroponnt Kasancxo ror camt, xoropt renept cronr n naneprn +ro
Tpexcnxrnrentcxo nepxnn n uynane, nnnom x crene. Cxaxn, urot cemy opasy
npasnonann n ropoe. Bor sa rpexn namn npornenancx na nac, nt cxnepnocnonnre n cnonm
cxnepnocnonnem, xax cmpaom, nanonnxere nosyx: +ro snononne n Fory n nmxm; no
Bnatunna nama, co ncemn cnxrtmn monnna Ctna Cnoero Xpncra Fora namero o rpae
namem n o ncem napoe, at On ornparnn npanent rnen Cno.
Heponaxon Hoannnxn, npocnynmnct, ynnnncx, no nnxomy nnuero ne cxasan. Hemnoro
npemenn cnycrx, xora on cnen n xente, x nemy nomen ror xe cnxrnrent n mnnocrnno
cxasan: Houemy xe rt ne nonean roro, uro cxasano tno ree or Hpecnxro Foroponnt
upes menx, Ee cnyxnrenx?. Or crpaxa Hoannnxn ynan na semnm, npocnannn Fora, no nnont
ne coomnn o nnennn, oxct cmxrennx n napoe, n ns onacennx, uro emy ne nonepxr. upes
necxontxo ne, cnxrnrent onxrt xnnncx Hoannnxnm no cne n yxe c rnenom cxasan:
Houemy xe rt ne cxasan nonenennoro ree? Hs-sa rnoero npenepexennx rnen Foxn
rpxer na rpa nam sa rpexn namn. Xne nam rnner, a noa ronnr, ncrant cxopee n nonea
apxnmanpnry, noenoe n ncemy napoy; ecnn ne cxaxemt, ro ncxope nnmnmtcx xnsnn.
Ecnn ropoxane nocnymamrcx, ro mnnocrt Foxnx yer na rpae namem n ero oxpecrnocrxx;
ecnn xe ne nocnymamr, ro rxxxo yer rpay namemy: cxor nam nsomper, or oxe noa
pasnecer oma namn, n nce nt ncuesnere, xax uepnn, a opas Foromarepn npocnannrcx n
pyrom mecre.
Ho n o +rom rpertem xnnennn neponaxon nnxomy ne ronopnn. Tora no cne emy
nocntmanoct nocxnanxmmee Foroponny nenne, onn ns nommnx cxasan, uro sanrpa sa
nenonnnonenne Hoannnxn yer onosopen nepe ncem napoom. Ha yrpene n ent
npasnonannx Kasancxo nxone Hoannnxn ynnen xnnxnmerocx emy cnxrnrenx, xoropt
narocnonnxn napo. Cnxrnrent cxasan: Fyt orntne pxxn o rex nop, noxa conepmnrcx
Foxecrnennoe eno, n cran nennnm. Or crpaxa Hoannnxn ynan na semnm n rontxo
rora paccxasan nce yxonnnxy n napoy.
Hmn, ysnan o uyntx xnnennxx, co cnesamn npocnannxn mnnocrt Hpecnxro Foroponnt.
Honenenne o xnnenno nxone tno ntnonneno, ee c xpecrntm xoom ornecnn na mecro, re
yxasano tno crponrt nepxont. Xpam tn nocrpoen n rpn nx n na uerneprt ocnxmen. o
+roro n ropoe mnn nponnnnte oxn, noa npntnana, no xora nauann crponrt nepxont,
noroa npoxcnnnact.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Kasancxan n Bmmnncxon nyc1mnn
Poccnx, Pxsancxax on., Banxn paon, c. Btme, Cnxro-Vcnencxn Btmnncxn
monacrtpt, Kasancxn coop

Btmnncxax nycrtnt tna ocnonana n nauane XVII nexa no none Bennxo crapnnt,
napnnt-nnoxnnn Map]t Hoannonnt, marepn nepnoro napx ns poa Pomanontx Mnxanna
ueoponnua. Ocoo mnnocrtm Foxne x onrenn xnnnoct aponanne e n 1827 roy
uyornopno nxont Hpecnxro Foroponnt, nnocnecrnnn nonyunnme nasnanne
Kasancxo Btmnncxo.
B 1812 monaxnnx onoro ns mocxoncxnx monacrtpe Mnponnx anxona exana n Tamon
or namecrnnx ]pannyson. Ha nyrn nsnosunx, nontsyxct nnnmo essamnrnocrtm
monaxnnn, sayman ynrt n orpanrt ee. 3amernn ero snoe namepenne, Mnponnx nosonnxna
x Foroponne, c nxono Koropo nnxora ne paccrananact, xax co cnxrtne n ponrentcxnm
narocnonennem. Monnrna tna ycntmana, n xax t n orner ona ycntmana ronoc, or nxont
ncxonnmn: He ocx! rnox 3acrynnnna. Hsnosunx npnmen n yxac n tn nopaxen
cnenoro. On ryr xe pacxaxncx n npocnn y Foroponnt nomnnonannx, oemax ocrannrt
monaxnnm coxpanno n monacrtpt. Ho ycepno monnrne on npospen n ones Mnponnm o
Bosnecencxoro monacrtpx. B 1827 Mnponnn tno cnonnenne, n xoropom Foroponna
nenena nepeart cnom nxony n Btmencxym nycrtnt. Hpnxoxmne x nxone oromontnt
nonyuann naroarnte ncnenennx n nomomt n rpyntx xnsnenntx ocroxrentcrnax.
B Btmnncxom monacrtpe c 1866 no 1894 ro xnn cnxrnrent ueo]an, xoropt nanncan
mnoxecrno xnnr, naxntx nx nonnmannx ocnon xpncrnancxo xnsnn. Hmenno n +rn rot
Btmnncxax onrent cranonnrcx, noono Onrnno nycrtnn, onnm ns nenrpon yxonno
xnsnn Poccnn.
B XX cronernn, no npemx nauanmnxcx ronenn na Hepxont, nexora nnerymn monacrtpt
npenparnncx cnauana n cnnno]epmy, a sarem n ncnxnarpnuecxym ontnnny.
Ceuac monacrtpt axrnnno noccranannnnaercx. Orpecranpnponan Vcnencxn xpam. B
2002 roy nponsomno naxnoe cotrne Cnxremnm Harpnapxom Mocxoncxnm n ncex Pycn
Anexcnem II na cnoe nepnonauantnoe mecro tnn nepenecent momn urnmoro no ncem
npanocnannom mnpe cnxroro cnxrnrenx ueo]ana 3arnopnnxa. Ceuac neyrcx paort no
noccranonnennm onoro ns snaunrentntx sann monacrtpx Kasancxoro coopa.
Hpasnonanne nxone conepmaercx 21 nmnx (8 nmnx no crap. cr.).

Konax, rnac 8
Hpnrenem, nmne, x rnxomy cemy n opomy npncrannmy, cxopo Homomnnne, roronomy
n rennomy cnacennm, noxpony ent: ycxopnm na monnrny n normnmcx na noxaxnne:
ncrouaer o nam neocxyntx mnnocrn Hpeuncrax Foroponna, npenapxer na nomomt n
nsannxer or nennxnx e n son naronpanntx n orooxmnxcx pat Cnox.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Kasancxan Kannynoncxan

3ra nxona naxonnact n cene Kannynonxa, Xaptxoncxo enapxnn. Ona xnnnact n 1689
roy cneymmnm opasom. Cnxmennnxy +roro cena, ornnuanmemycx ocoenno
narouecrnno xnsntm Hoanny Vmanony xnnncx no cne ceo crapen, n cxasan, uro cxopo x
nemy npnyr ns Mocxnt nxononncnt. Crapen nonenen Hoanny xynnrt nx cex y
crapemero ns nnx noctmym no cuery Kasancxym nxony Hpecnxro Foroponnt. Or nee rt
nonyunmt naroart n mnnocrt, npnannn crapen. Cnxmennnx rax n cenan,
npenapnrentno crporo nocrnnmnct.
Cxopo nocneonano nonoe nnenne: cnxmennnxy xnnnact Cama Hpecnxrax Foroponna n
nonenena nocrannrt Ee opas n nepxont. Oren Hoann coomnn o cnoem nnennn napoy n c
ropxecrnom nepenec nxony n nepxont. C +roro npemenn or nee crann conepmartcx uyeca.
Hxony nasnann Kannynoncxo.
B 1709 roy, no npemx nont co mneamn, Herp I ntsnan x apmnn n Xaptxon cnxmennnxa c
Kannynoncxo nxono. Hmneparop npnxasan nocnrt opas nepe nonxamn, a cam co cnesamn
monnncx npe nnm Hapnne Heecno o nomomn. B +ro npemx mnecxn xopont Kapn c
rermanom Maseno ocranonnncx nepe cpaxennem n ome cnxmennnxa Hoanna. Hexoropte
ns ero nonnon xorenn cxeut nepxont. Ho npnroronnennte pona n conoma ne saropannct.
Vsnan o raxom uye n o rom, uro cnxro opas naxonrcx n pyccxom narepe, Kapn cxasan
Masene: Ecnn ne mornn saxeut nepxont n es nxont, ro ram, re naxonrcx ona,
nenaexno nam yer. Tax n cnyunnoct. Honrancxax nrna tna ntnrpana n npnnecna
pemnrentnym noey Herpy n pyccxnm nocxam.
Hsnecrnt eme necxontxo urnmtx cnncxon c uyornopno Kasancxo nxont Foroponnt.
Hx nepeuent cocrannn n XIX nexe nporonepe H. Fyxapen n onncan n xnnre uyornopnte
nxont Hpecnxro Foroponnt. Hcropnx nx n nsopaxennx.

Bosnecencxan-Kasancxan nxona
Ona naxonnact n Bosnecencxom xencxom monacrtpe n Mocxne, n Kpemne. B nepnt pas
ona npocnannnact n 1689 roy. na pasa nxona morna cropert, no uyecntm opasom
ocrananact nenpenma. Onaxt nocne monena npe +ro nxono cnyxamne satnn
noracnrt cneuy, cneua ynana, n or nee oropen anano, na xoropom nexan opas. Cam opas,
necmorpx na ro uro tn nanncan na nonorne, conepmenno ne nocrpaan. B 1701 roy 19-ro
nmnx tn noxap n Mocxoncxom Kpemne, cropen napcxn nopen n Bosnecencxn
monacrtpt, no nxona nnont uyecno coxpannnact. Bo npemx noxapa, xora nepenocnnn
yrnapt n nxont ns coopnoro monacrtpcxoro xpama, Kasancxym nxony ne ntnecnn, no ona
oxasanact nmecre c pyrnmn ntnecenntmn opasamn. Hocne roro xax oront tn norymen,
crann nnocnrt nemn n coop n ynnenn, uro nxona yxe cronr na cnoem mecre, xorx nnxro ee
ne nnocnn. Or +roro opasa nponsxonno mnoro uyecntx ncnenenn.

Hnanenouoncxan-Kasancxan nxona
3ra nxona xnnnact n 1643 roy na ncrounnxe n nyx nepcrax or ropoa Hnxnero Homa
Hensencxo ryepnnn. Ha mecre ee xnnennx cnauana nocrannena tna uaconnx, a sarem
nepxont n monacrtpt.

Kapnoncxan-Kasancxan nxona
3ra nxona naxonnact n Kypcxom 3nnuencxom monacrtpe. Cma ona tna npnnecena n
1725 roy ns Kapnoncxo nycrtnn.

Ka1amnncxan-Kasancxan nxona
3ra nxona xnnnact n 1622 roy n pome nns cena Fenoro Konoesx uepnnroncxo
ryepnnn semnemy cnxmennnxy n tna nocrannena nm n centcxym nepxont. B 1692 roy
ryr tn ycrpoen myxcxo monacrtpt, nasnannt Karamnncxnm.

Hannoncxan-Kasancxan nxona
3ra nxona naxonnact n cene Hannoncxom Mocxoncxo ryepnnn 3nennropocxoro yesa.
Ona xnnnact na epene neanexo or cena. Ha +rom mecre n namxrt xnnennx tna nocrpoena
uaconnx, nnyrpn xoropo pacnonarancx xonoen, nounranmncx n napoe cnxrtm. uepes
nexoropoe npemx nponsomno nepnoe uyo. Onn xpecrtxnnn Hannoncxoro cena ncnecrnne
cnoe nenosepxno xnsnn cnntno saonen. pyromy xpecrtxnnny, xoropt, nanpornn,
tn narouecrnn, xnnnact no cne Hpecnxrax Foroponna n nonenena cxasart ontnomy,
urot on monnncx E o ncnenennn n cxonn ymtrtcx na cnxro xonoen. Foroponna
raxxe cxasana, urot ror ocrannn nenosepxannt opas xnsnn, nnaue emy rposnna rnent.
Fontno c ontmnm ycnnnem ornpannncx x xonony, ymtncx n conepmenno ntsoponen.

Hpxy1cxan-Kasancxan nxona
Ona naxonnact n Hpxyrcxe n Foroxnnencxom coope n npocnannnact mnornmn
uyornopennxmn. Exerono n anpene nnn mae, nocne nocena xponoro xnea, ee nocnnn c
xpecrntm xoom no cocennm xpecrtxncxnm nonxm nx ocnxmennx nocenon. 3ror xpecrnt
xo tn ycranonnen ns-sa uacrtx neypoxaen xnea no oxpecrntm cenam Hpxyrcxa.

Kapronontcxan-Kasancxan nxona
3ra uyornopnax nxona naxonnact n ropoe Kapronone Ononenxo enapxnn n
Bosnecencxo nepxnn n npocnannnact n 1714 roy. Opas xpannncx n ome narouecrnno
nont Map]t Honomapeno, xoropax onaxt no npemx monnrnt npe nxono ynnena,
uro ns npanoro oxa Hpecnxro Foroponnt reuer cnesa. Xenmnna n crpaxe coomnna o
+rom cnxmennnxy. Hxona tna nepenecena n nepxont. uyo nonropnnoct naxt:
nenpoonxnrentnoe npemx y ncex na rnasax ns oue Foromarepn noxastnannct crpyn cnes.
O +rom cotrnn tno oneceno Honropocxomy mnrpononnry Hony.

Kasancxan nxona, naxonnmancn n uocxoncxou Cnuononou Monac1mpe
3ra nxona tna noxeprnonana n monacrtpt nmtmn, nonyunnmnmn ee n narocnonenne or
enncxona Boponexcxoro Tnxona. Ho croponam opasa tnn nsopaxent cnxrnrent Tnxon,
Anren cnxrnrenx, cecrpa cnxrnrenx Map]a n Anren Map]t. Bnepnte nxona npocnannnact
ncnenennem crpannnnt Harantn. Hxona rpn pasa xnnxnact enymxe no cne, no ra ne snana,
re narn uyecnt opas. Haxonen Harantx ynnena no cne nepocxnmonaxa Cnmonona
monacrtpx Anexcnx, xoropt cxasan, re n monacrtpe naxonrcx Kasancxax nxona. Hocne
monnrnt npe ne ontnax nonyunna ncnenenne. Bnocnecrnnn n uecrt +roro opasa npn
coopnom monacrtpcxom xpame tn ycrpoen ocot npnen. Or nxont nponcxonno
mnoxecrno uyec.

Kasancxan, naxonnmancn n Bmcounncxou Kasancxou uonac1mpe
3ra onrent nonyunna cnoe nasnanne or nxont, a nxona or cena Btcounno, re ona
npocnannnact uyecamn. Opas xnnncx n nauane XVIII cronernx, n napcrnonanne nmneparopa
Herpa I. B ro npemx na +rom mecre poc nec, cena Btcounno eme ne tno. Ha epery
onorncro pexn Mxn xnn cropox c cemte. 3romy cropoxy n xnnnact na onorncro
xouxe Kasancxax nxona. Cropox c naroronennem n monnrno nsxn cnxrtnm n nocrannn n
cnoe nse. Hxona ncrouana neotuanoe cnxnne, or nee nonyunn ncnenenne crapt oren
cropoxa. Opas nepenecnn n nnxamym nepxont cena Aprmxonxn, no on rpn pasa
nosnpamancx oparno. Hmn crann npnxonrt na noxnonenne nxone, n mnornm ona aponana
ncnenenne n yremenne. Cornnx Btcounn, xoropomy sa sacnyrn n Honrancxo nrne tna
noxanonana +ra semnx, ntcrponn cenenne, nonyunnmee no ero ]amnnnn nasnanne
Btcounno. Hs Aprmxonxn n nonoe ceno nepenecnn nepxont, n nocrannnn n ne
uyornopnt opas. Bnocnecrnnn sect tn ycrpoen monacrtpt. Hxona ne nepecranana
ncrouart uyeca npnxoxmnm x ne sa nomomtm.

Kasancxan nxona, naxonnmancn n Tauoncxou xaqepantnou coope
3ra nxona tna oraro yxpamena. Hepnoe uyo noponsomno n 1695 roy 6-ro exapx (no
crapomy crnnm) no npemx ncenomnoro ennx na nxone noxasannct cnest, cmounnmne
neneny n anano.

Kasancxan nxona, naxonnmancn n 1eunnxoncxou Hpeopaaencxou coope
3ror opas naxonncx n xnaono nmecre c nencnontsonanmecx yrnaptm. Hxona rpn pasa
xnnxnact xenmnne, crpaanme ontm n norax, n oemana ncnenenne, ecnn ra ee naer.
Fontnax norpeonana, urot ee ornesnn n remnnxoncxn coop. Kax rontxo ona ynnena
nxony n xnaono, cpasy nouyncrnonana oneruenne n, nocne monnrnt, conepmenno
ncnennnact.

Kasancxan nxona, naxonnmancn n ropoe Bnsnnxax
Opas croxn n coopnom xpame. On npocnannncx uyecamn n nauane XVII cronernx.

Kasancxan nxona, naxonnmancn n Cysane
Xpannnact n npnxocxo Bocxpecencxo nepxnn. 3ry nxony ncnecrnne xnnennx Camo
Foroponnt nanncan onn narouecrnnt nnox Bapromcxoro Hnxonaencxoro monacrtpx
Hoaxnm, xnnmn n XVII cronernn.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn epaannan
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Kasancxax nepxont n Konomencxom

epxannax nxona Foxne Marepn xnnna cex pyccxomy npanocnannomy napoy 15 (2 no
crap. cr.) mapra n ent orpeuennx napx-myuennxa Hnxonax Anexcanponnua or npecrona.
Xnrentnnne cnoot Hepepna xpecrtxnxe Enoxnn Apnanono no cne tn ronoc: Ecrt
n cene Konomencxom ontmax uepnax nxona. Ee nyxno nsxrt, cenart xpacno n nycrt
monxrcx. Fnarouecrnnax xenmnna crana monnrtcx o nonyuennn onee xcntx yxasann n n
orner na cnom monnrny cnycrx ne neenn ynnena no cne enym nepxont; n ne
nennuecrnenno nocceana Xenmnna, n Koropo ona cepnem nouyncrnonana Hapnny
Heecnym. 2 mapra Enoxnx ornpannnact n Konomencxoe n npn nne Bosnecencxo nepxnn
cpasy ysnana ee.
Ho npocte xenmnnt nacroxrent xpama npnnxncx sa noncxn nxont n namen ee n
nonane cpen craptx ocox n pyxnxn, n ntnn. Kora ontmym, ysxym, nouepnenmym or
crapocrn nxony npomtnn, orxptnoct nsopaxenne Foromarepn, nennuecrnenno
nocceamme na rpone c Foromnaennem. Hapnna Heecnax tna nanncana co snaxamn
napcxo nnacrn: n xpacno nop]npe, c xopono na ronone n cxnnerpom n epxano n pyxax
nouemy nxona n nonyunna nasnanne epxannax.
Bcm Poccnm onereno nsnecrne, uro no Mocxno nponsomno uyecnoe xnnenne nono
nxont. B Konomencxoe ronnamn crexannct oromontnt; urot art nosmoxnocrt ncem
xenammnm noxnonnrtcx opasy, ero crann nosnrt no oxpecrntm xpamam, ]apnxam n
sanoam, ocrannxx n Bosnecencxo nepxnn rontxo na nocxpecnte n npasnnunte nn. Cxopo
nourn n xaxom xpame noxnnncx cnncox c epxanno; tnn nororonnent cnyxa n
axa]ncr nxone (n nx cocrannennn npnnnman yuacrne Harpnapx Tnxon).
Hocne penonmnnn n rot xecroxoro ronennx na Hepxont epxannax nxona Foxne
Marepn ne nepecranana nsnnnart uyeca, yxpennxx n yremax nepymmnx. Hsnecren cnyua,
xora xoaracrnom Foxne Marepn n ent npasnonannx ee epxanno nxont (n 1925
roy) tn ocnooxen ns rmptmt nacroxrent xpama Cnxrnrenx Hnxonax n Hnornnxax
nporonepe Bnanmnp Bopoten, ouent nounranmn epxannym n panee no
nocxpecentxm uacro xonnmn co cnonm xopom n npnxoxanamn n Konomencxoe cnyxnrt e
axa]ncr.
Hocne penonmnnn nxona xpannnact n sanacnnxax Hcropnuecxoro mysex, ceuac ona
nepnynact n Konomencxoe, re npetnaer n Kasancxom xpame. Hpasnonanne nxone
conepmaercx n ent ee xnnennx, 15 (2 no crap. cr.) mapra n n ent nroporo operennx 27 (14
no crap. cr.) nmnx. E monxrcx o nomomn, samnre Poccnn n nept.

Tponapt, rnac 4
Anrenon nnnt naroroneno Tee cnyxar, n ncx neecntx cnnt nemonuntmn rnact Tx
ynaxamr, Foroponne eno, ycepno monnm Tx, Bnatunne: a npeyer Foxecrnennax
naroart na uecrne nxone Tnoe epxanne, n cnerosapnt nyu cnant uyec Tnonx a
nncxonr or nex na ncex, c nepom Tee monxmnxcx n nonnmmnx Fory: annnnyx.

Konax, rnac 8
Bspanno Boenoe, 3acrynnnne name epxanne, necnn naroapcrnenntx npnnocnm o
aponannn nam nxont Ex cnxrtm, emxe orpaxaemte, nnuecoxe ycrpamnmcx, ne or
uenonex o cnacenne name, no Hpenarocnonenntx Bnatunnt mnnocepnem. Temxe nect
payemcx n npasnyem cnerno, xxo npnne epxannax na crpaxy semnn Cnoex.

Monnrna
O mnpa 3acrynnnne, Marn Bcenerax! Co crpaxom, nepom n nmonnm npnnaamme npe
uecrnom nxonom Tnoem epxannom, ycepno monnm Tx: ne ornparn nnna Tnoero or
npnerammnx x Tee. Vmonn, mnnocepnax Marn Cnera, Ctna Tnoero n Fora namero,
Cnauamero Iocnoa Hncyca Xpncra, a coxpannr n mnpe crpany namy, a yrnepnr
epxany namy n naroencrnnn n nsannr nac or mexoycontx pann, a yxpennr cnxrym
Hepxont namy Hpanocnannym, n nenostnemy conmer m or nenepnx, pacxona n epece.
He nmamt o nntx nomomn, pasne Tee, Hpeuncrax eno: Tt ecn ncecnntnax xpncrnan
3acrynnnna npe Forom, npanent rnen Ero ymxruammax. Hsann ncex, c nepom Tee
monxmnxcx, or naenn rpexonntx, or nanera sntx uenonex, or rnaa, cxope n onesne.
apy nam yx coxpymennx, cmnpenne cepna, uncrory nomtmnenn, ncnpannenne
rpexonntx xnsnn n ocrannenne corpemenn namnx; a ncn, naroapna nocnenamme
nennunx Tnox, cnoonmcx Heecnaro Hapcrnnx n ramo co ncemn cnxrtmn npocnannm
npeuecrnoe n nennxonenoe nmx n Tponne cnannmaro Fora: Orna, Ctna n Cnxraro yxa.
Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn C1pac1nan (Mocxna)
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Coxontnnuecxax nn., 3, xpam n uecrt Bocxpecennx Xpncrona, n
Coxontnnxax

uyornopnax nxona Foromarepn Crpacrno ns mocxoncxoro Crpacrnoro monacrtpx.
nnxercx nnsxnm nonropennem raxxe uyornopnoro opasa Foromarepn ns cena Hanen,
operennoro n 1641 roy n Hnxnem Honropoe.
O npocnannennn nxont nsnecrno cneymmee: ona narouecrnnax xenmnna, Exarepnna,
nocne ncrynnennx n pax crana noneprartcx npnnaxam n ecnonannm: nnmnnact yma,
yerana n nec n ne pas noxymanact na camoyncrno. B mnnyrt npocnernennx ona monnnact
Marepn Foxne n ana oer n cnyuae ncnenennx or onesnn nocrynnrt n monacrtpt.
Hocne ntsoponnennx ona ncnomnnna o oere nnmt cnycrx onroe npemx, nouyncrnonana
crpax n or ymennoro nonnennx cnerna n nocrent. Tpnxt xnnxnact e Hpecnxrax
Foroponna, nonenenax ontno nrn n Hnxnn Honropo n xynnrt y nxononncna
Ipnropnx Ee nxony nx monnrnt. Hcnonnnn +ro, Exarepnna nonyunna ncnenenne, n c rex
nop or ro nxont nauann conepmartcx uyeca.
Hxonorpa]nuecxn nsno Foromarepn Crpacrno nocxonr x XII nexy, oxonuarentno
c]opmnponancx x XV. Ero ocoennocrtm xnnxercx nosa Mnaenna: Xpncroc epxnr oenmn
pyxamn ontmo nanen npano pyxn Foromarepn n, oepnynmnct, cmorpnr na opynx
Crpacre n pyxax Anrenon (orxya n nasnanne nxont).
Hpasnecrno pan nxont conepmaercx 26 anrycra (13 anrycra no crap. cr.) no cnyuam
nepenecennx ee n 1641 roy ns cena Hannnt n Mocxny; na mecre ncrpeun ee y Tnepcxo
sacrant tna ntcrpoena nepxont, a sarem n 1654 roy Crpacrno monacrtpt.
Bropnuno npasnecrno pan nxont conepmaercx n 6-e nocxpecenne no Hacxe (n namxrt
nepnoro uya or Hanenxoro opasa).

Tponapt, rnac 4
nect noscnx nenspeuenno napcrnymmemy rpay namemy Mocxne nxona Foromarepe, n,
xxo cnerosapntm connnem, npnmecrnnem rox osapncx nect mnp, Heecntx cnnt n ymn
npanentx mtcnenno ropxecrnymr, paymmecx, mt xe, na nm nsnpamme, x Foroponne co
cnesamn nonnem: o Bcemnnocrnnax Iocnoxe, Bnatunne Foroponne, monncx ns Tee
nonnomennomy Xpncry, Fory namemy, a noacr mnp n spanne ncem xpncrnanom no
nennne n nenspeuenne Cnoe mnnocrn.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn C1pac1nan n cene Manpnno mnxoncxoro narounnnn
Poccnx, Mocxoncxax on., c. Manpnno, xpam Bnanmnpcxo nxont Foxne Marepn na
pexe yenxa

Ona ns uyornopntx nxon Crpacrnax xpannrcx n cene Manpnno. Pannne cneennx o
Crpacrno nxone Foxne Marepn, naxoxmecx ceuac no Bnanmnpcxom xpame cena
Manpnno, ornocxrcx x nauany XVIII nexa.
Cymecrnyer npeanne, uro opas Crpacrno Bnatunnt tn operen n nernxx orpomnoro
epena, croxnmero n necy y ncrounnxa, nenoanexy or epennn Kocrtmn. B ro npemx
cnnpencrnonana xonepa. Btmnpann nente epennn. Fnarouecrnnt saxnrount xpecrtxnnn
ns Iononnno (ncropnx ne coxpannna ero nmenn) ycepno monnncx n necy y orpomnoro epena
nepe opasom Hpecnxro Foroponnt Crpacrno o cnacennn ero poa n, xax ronopnrcx n
npeannn, tn cnacen.
Tpnxt xnnxnact nxona n necy nosne orpomnoro epena n orxptnmerocx na +rom mecre
ncrounnxa, no xaxt pas ncuesana x necxasannomy oropuennm mecrntx xpecrtxn. Tontxo
nocne roro, xax narouecrnnte xpecrtxne cnennantno nocrponnn nx cero uyornopnoro
opasa uaconnm n orcnyxnnn moneen Hpecnxromy opasy Bnatunnt Heecno, nxona na
onrne rot ocranact ocenxrt cnoe naroartm uyecnt ncrounnx.
B nopy nnxonern mnnynmero nexa uaconnx tna paspymena. Hpecnxrax Foroponna
ntpana nont yen nx Cnoe Crpacrno nxont xpam Bnanmnpcxo nxont Foxne
Marepn na pexe yenxa n Manpnno. B 20-x rr. XX nexa, n nepno oroopuecrna
(oponnct c pennrne, c nxonamn, saxptnann xpamt), uaconnx n Kocrtmax crana
paspymartcx. Ftno pemeno nepenecrn xpecrntm xoom Crpacrnym nxony n manpnncxn
xpam. Ha oxnax xpama pemerxn, nepn xpama saneprt. Ha yrpo nxont n xpame ne oxasanoct.
Ee namnn n uaconne n Kocrtmax. Hpnuem rax nponcxonno ne onn, ne na, a mnoxecrno
pas. O +rom xnnennn mnorne ysnann, nmn crann ynnnxrtcx raxnm xnnennxm. Bnacrn,
ysnan o +rom, nmecro roro, urot nopemonrnponart, norpeonann pasopart uaconnm. Ha
nonax tna ycrpoena rannnnomaxa. Hrontxo rora nxona ocranact n xpame cena Manpnno.
Ecrt nmn, xoropte o +rom nomnxr. Hepe nonncn Hnanon ronopnn: rax
npenonaram, uro ecnn noccranonnm uaconnm, nxona yer rya onxrt. Xorenoct t
uaconnm noccranonnrt, no ceuac raxoro n nnanax ner. Cnauana nao xpam nonnocrtm
orpecranpnponart. Ceuac, x coxanennm, npaxrnuecxn ne ocranoct noxnntx nme,
xoropte tnn +romy cnnerenxmn n nomnnnn +ro, no re ns nnx, xoroptx x sacran npn
xnsnn, xora cran nacroxrenem +roro xpama, mne o +rom nor rax n paccxasann. Tontxo onn
ronopnnn, uro nxona rpn pasa yxonna, pyrne ronopnnn, uro na nx yxonna, a na rpern
ocranact. Hexoropte ronopnnn, uro nxony npocro npnnocnnn n Manpnno, n ona orrya
yxonna, a xora xpecrntm xoom nonecnn, ro rontxo rora nxona sect ocranact. Ho
nacroxrent +roro xpama, cnyxnnmn ryr o menx, cxasan, uro nxona yxonna ne rpn nx, a
mnoro pas, n xaxt pas nxony npnnocnnn n Manpnno xpecrntm xoom. H npnuem
npnnocnnn nepe ontmnmn npasnnxamn. Vxox n Kocrtmn, Crpacrnax nxona Foxne
Marepn ram nourn nce npemx n npetnana.
B manpnncxom xpame Crpacrnax nxona Foxne Marepn ocoo nounraercx 26 anrycra (13
anrycra no crap. cr.) (omee nepxonnoe nounranne opasa Crpacrno Foxne Marepn) n n
11-m nxrnnny nocne Hacxn (uecrnyercx rontxo n xpame n Manpnno). uecrnonanne nomno or
otuax xonrt n xpecrntm xoom no ecxrn epennxm, npnnncanntm manpnncxomy xpamy n
nauane XX nexa. Ho nxony nocnnn ne n uecrt roro, uro ona yxonna, a noromy, uro +ro tna
mnoronernxx rpannnx.
Manpnncxax nxona mecrnournmax (mecrnosnaunmax). Ona nmeer orpomnoe snauenne nx
mecrntx xnrene. Ho ee snamr n n Mocxne, n n pyrnx onacrxx. Homonnrtcx opasy
npnesxamr nmn ne rontxo ns Mocxoncxo, no n ns Bnanmnpcxo, ns Hnanoncxo, ns
pyrnx oranenntx onacre. Mnorne nmn cntmann nmenno o +ro Crpacrno nxone
Foxne Marepn. Ho +ra nxona nounraercx ne xax ncropnuecxax, a xax nxona, nomorammax
nmxm enart xonxpernte ena. Or +ro nxont nponcxonr mnoxecrno ncnenenn.
B nacroxmee npemx nacroxrent xpama conpaer cneennx or uacrntx nme no nx
nocnomnnannxm, cnxsanntm c ]axramn ncnenenn nnn xaxnx-nno eme uyecntx ecrnn
or uyornopno pesno Crpacrno nxont, naxoxmecx n xpame Bnanmnpcxo nxont
Foxne Marepn. Hanpnmep, necxontxo ner nasa monoax napa monnnact o rom, urot y
nnx tn peenox. Onn npnesxann n xpam monnrtcx. H uepes nexoropoe npemx cnepmnnoct
uyo, n y +ro napt ponncx mantm.
Heycranno no nce npemena n o cero nx ce uyornopnt opas n nsonnnn noctnaer
nmxm uyeca n ncnenennx, nnnmo npeynpexaer nx o ecrnnxx n ncntrannxx.

Konax, rnac 3
Fnaroart npnxxom nernennx, exe aponana ecn nam, cnacnrentnaro Tnoero nenennx
uyornopntm Tnonm opasom uecrntm, Foroponne eno, remxe nonnem Tn n c paocrnm
sonem: Iocnoxe Hapnne, monnmrncx ymnntno, rpemnnn, co cnesamn, rnaronmme: o
Hpecnxrax Bnatunne, cxopoe nam xnn sacrynnenne n nomomt, cnacn nt or cynocrar
namnx, n or ncxxnx cxopn conmn, semnm namy mnpom orpan, n ncx nmn Tnox noxpt,
n conmn na Tx ynonammnx, normncx nsannrn, a ne nornnem sne, pan Tnon, no a
sonem Tn: paycx, Henecro Henenecrnax.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn C1pac1nan (Annenx)
Poccnx, r. Hnnenx, Coopnax nnomat, Xpncro-Poxecrnencxn coop

Tountx cneenn o nosnnxnonennn Hnnenxoro Crpacrnoro opasa Hpecnxro
Foroponnt ne coxpannnoct. Hepnoe nonecrnonanne o +ro nxone npeanne nocnxmaer
uyecnomy nsannennm nnnuan or +nnemnn xonept n 1831 roy. B ror ro, no npemx
nacrynnennx onesnn na ropo, nxony crann onocnrt no omam n c xpecrntm xoom
onecnn noxpyr ropoa, nocne uero +nnemnx orcrynnna n ncxope concem npexparnnact.
Hocne +roro uyecnoro nsannennx or cmepronocno onesnn naroapnte nnnuane xaxt
ro n ent namxrn Crpacrnoro opasa Hpecnxro Foroponnt 26 anrycra (no non. cr.)
conepmann ocoo ropxecrnennoe orocnyxenne c xpecrntm xoom noxpyr Hnnenxa.
B 20-x roax XX nexa xpam tn saxptr n nxona tna yrepxna. Onaxo ncxope nocne +roro
uyornopnt opas tn onapyxen xnrenxmn cena nypeuxn Hnnenxo onacrn
nntnymnm no pexe Boponex. Cenxne ycranonnnn nxony n cnoem xpame. Opas tn
onontno cnntno ncnopuen ecrnnem not n no+romy nepymmne nsroronnnn nx nee
cnoeopasnym pnsy ns apxara n napun. B centcxom xpame nxona coxpanxnact o 2000
roa.
Fnarocnonennem mnrpononnra tno ycranonneno nosponrt rpannnm xpecrntx xoon n
ent namxrn Crpacrnoro opasa Hpecnxro Foroponnt. Onaxo onecenne nxont noxpyr
ropoa npecrannxnoct nenosmoxntm ns-sa ero nospocme reppnropnn.
3arpynenne tno paspemeno camo Heecno Bnatunne. B 2001 roy naxanyne
npasnonann n uecrt cnxroro opasa onn ns npnxoxan xpama no nmenn Anexcanp no cne
ycntman xencxn ronoc, ronopxmn: Onesn menx noxpyr ropoa. Hpnxoxannn ne
npnan snamennm ocooro snauennx, onaxo nect cneymmn ent n ero yme nponcxonno
cmxrenne. Houtm xencxn ronoc nonropnn cnom npocty. Hpnnxn nponcxoxmee sa
nanaxenne, +ror npnxoxannn oparnncx x cnxmennocnyxnrenxm sa yxonntm conerom n
nomomtm. Ftno pemeno nonoxnrtcx na mnnocrt Hapnnt Heecno n nnepnrt +romy
npnxoxannny oprannsannm raxoro neotunoro xpecrnoro xoa. Hpecrarentcrnom
Foroponnt yrpom 26 anrycra, no oxonuannn panne oxecrnenno nnryprnn, Crpacrno
opas Hpecnxro Foroponnt onesnn na anroyce noxpyr Hnnenxa.
Hpasnecrno pan nxont conepmaercx 26 anrycra (13 no crap. cr.) no cnyuam nepenecennx
ee n 1641 roy ns cena Hannnt n Mocxny; na mecre ncrpeun ee y Tnepcxo sacrant tna
ntcrpoena nepxont, a sarem n 1654 roy Crpacrno monacrtpt.
Bropnuno npasnecrno pan nxont conepmaercx n 6-e nocxpecenne no Hacxe (n namxrt
nepnoro uya or Hanenxoro opasa).

Tponapt, rnac 8
nect nennuaer paocrno Cnacnrenx Hnnenx rpa, xxo cner conneunt nocnpnemme
uyornopnym Tnom nxony, Bnatunne Foroponne, n c nmonnm cnannr Tx Marept
Foxnm, n mnnocrn n nentt Tnox na nac nsnnxnntx, xxo nonenena ecn onecrn opas Tno
Crpacrnt noxpyr rpaa namero, a ouncrnrcx cnxrtnem Tnoem nosyx or xonept
cmepronocntx n a nosnaroapxr ncn nmne nenspeuennym nmont Cnxro n
Hepasentno n Xnnonauantno Tponnt.

Monnrna Hpecnxro Foroponne npe nxono Ex Hnnenxo Crpacrno
O, Hpenarocnonennax n Hpenpocnannennax eno Foroponne, Bnatunne! Vcntmn nac
neocrontx n rpexmn opemenenntx nsnpammnx na uyornopnt crpacrno Tno Kpecr n
opynx crpaann Iocnoa Hamero Cnauamero Hncyca Xpncra n nstnammnx x Tee:
O, Bcenarax Hpecrarentnnne n Xoaranne nama npe Forom n ennax Homomnnne n
Haexo nama n xnsnn ce n no cmeprn, ne orpnnn nac sa rpexonaennx nama, no npnnmn
monnrny namy n rennore cepna Tee nosnocnmym. 3acrynn nac or ncex nparon nnnmtx n
nennnmtx n noaxt nam mtcnt narym n uac neoymennx n ronennx. Haxn xe nomnn n
xnsnn ce rnmnny, mnp n spanne, ncnpocn nam y Iocnoa namero Hncyca Xpncra nepy
xpenxym n necymnennym, naexy n nmont, onee xe ncero naroart Cnxraro yxa, a
npocnannm Hmx Ero Cnxroe n, yxpennn cepna nama, nenenocrno reuem no nyrn sanonee
Ero. H a ne ornaem n nn ronennx n nocmexnnx nept. Orpan nac, Bnatunne, or ncxxnx
xnsnenntx conasnon n ymonn Iocnoa nsannrn nac or ncxxaro cmymennx, nenepnx,
comnennx, manoymnx n oxamenennaro neuyncrnnx. Hayun nac, Iocnoxe, xaxo Tee
monnrncx n xaxo enart ena yronte Fory.
O, Haexo n necenne name, Hapnne nama Hpenarax, noxpenn yxonno nac nemomntx n
rpemntx n xnsnn ce n n uac xonunnt namex npecrann nam n yroronanntx pan rpexon
namnx nsann myuenn. a ncera nocnoem nennune Tnoe, cnoonmcx neunaro Heecnaro
Hapcrnnx, nexe no mnnocrn Foxne yem nenpecranno cnannrn n nennuarn Hpeuecrnoe n
Bennxonenoe nmx Orna, n Ctna n Cnxraro yxa no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Ceunc1pentnan
Ha nxone Foxne Marepn Cemncrpentnax nsopaxena Hpecnxrax Foroponna,
nponsennax cemtm crpenamn: uertpe c neno cropont n rpn c npano. Hanncana ona na
cnona npopouecrna cnxroro npanenoro Cnmeona, nponsnecennte n Hepycannmcxom xpame n
copoxono ent no Poxecrne Xpncronom: Ce, nexnr Ce na naenne n na noccranne
mnornx n Hspanne n n npemer npepexann, n Tee Camo opyxne npoer ymy.
Cemncrpentnax cenepopyccxoro nponcxoxennx. onroe npemx +ror cnxro opas
naxonncx na nonopore necrnnnt xonoxontnn xpama cnxroro anocrona Hoanna Forocnona,
nns Bonort (na epery pexn Tomnn). Opamennym nnxom nnns nxony npnnnmann sa
otxnonennym ocxy. Hpocnannnact ona nocne uyecnoro ncnenennx onoro xpecrtxnnna
Kannxoncxoro yesa, mnoro ner crpaanmero omnm paccnanennem n xpomoro. Bo npemx
cna emy tno cxasano, uro ecnn on nocernr Hoanno-Forocnoncxn xpam n naer na
xonoxontne nxony Foxne Marepn, ro, nomonnnmnct npe ne, nonyunr ncnenenne. na
pasa on npnxonn n, nepeanax cno con, npocnn nnycrnrt ero na xonoxontnm; no emy ne
nepnnn n orxastnannct ncnonnnrt ero npocty. Haxonen n rpern pas emy ycrynnnn n
nnycrnnn ero na xonoxontnm. 3ect on roruac namen cnxrym nxony, nnennym nm no cne:
ona samenxna mecro ocxn, no xoropo npoxonnn na nonopore necrnnnt. Haennym nm
nxony omtnn or copa n nrnutero nomera, noxptnanmnx ee. Fontno xpecrtxnnn npocnn
orcnyxnrt npe ne moneen n nonyunn ncnenenne.
Hpocnannnact nxona ncnenennxmn n 1830 roy no npemx cnnpencrnonanme n Bonore
xonept. Hpasnonanne +ro nxone ycranonneno 26 anrycra (13 no crap. cr.). B namxrt xe o
uyecnom nsannennn Bonort or xonept ropoxane saxasann n nocrannnn n mnrpnencxo
nepxnn cnncox c Cemncrpentno, or xoroporo co npemenem raxxe crann nponcxonrt
uyeca. Forocnyxenne sect npexparnnoct n 1930 roy, nosononnnoct 13 nmnx 2001 roa,
onaxo cnxrtnn n xpame ne ocranoct.
Cornacno npeannm, +romy opasy tno onee nxrncor ner, onaxo ocoennocrn
xnnonncn n ro, uro on nanncan na naxneennom na ocxy xoncre, cnnerentcrnymr o ero
ropaso onee nosnem nponcxoxennn nnnmo, +ror cnncox tn cenan n XVIII cronernn
c ne omemero o nac nsnauantnoro opasa.
Hxona Foxne Marepn Cemncrpentnax ornnuaercx or opasa Vmxruenne sntx cepen
(nnn Cnmeonono npopeuenne) ocoennocrxmn nxonorpa]nn (nmecro crpen meun,
pacnonoxennte cnmmerpnuno), onaxo n monnrnenno npaxrnxe pasnnune ne npononrcx,
rax xax ornocnrcx x onomy nxonorpa]nuecxomy rnny. Bepymmne npocxr nepe opasom o
npnmnpennn npaxymmnx n nsannennx or xecroxocepnx, o ncnenennn or xonept,
xpomort n paccnanennx.
Eme ona uyornopnax nxona noonoro xe rnna npetnana n coope ropoa Xnspa na
mro-sanae Kanyxcxo ryepnnn, nns pxncxnx sement, n tna nsnecrna xax Crpacrnax,
nnn H Tee camo ymy npoer opyxne, xax snaunnoct n coopno onncn.
Hpasnonanne e conepmanoct raxxe 13 anrycra (no crap. cr.) n onn ent c
Cemncrpentno n c ropaso onee pacnpocrpanenno Crpacrno nxono concem nnoro
nna. B ornnune or raxnx Crpacrntx, na xnspnncxo nxone Hpeuncrax nanncana n
monnrnennom nonoxennn; ono pyxom Ona noepxnnaer nexamero y Ee nor Mnaenna,
pyrom xe npnxptnaer Cnom rpyt or cemn nanpannenntx n nee meue.

Monnrna
O mnorocrpantnax Marn Foxnx, Hpentcmax ncex mepe semnn, no uncrore Cnoe n no
mnoxecrny crpaann, Toom na semnn nepenecenntx, npnnmn mnoroonesnenntx
nostxannx nama n coxpann nac no xponom Tnoex mnnocrn. Hnaro o npnexnma n
rennoro npecrarentcrna pasne Tee ne nemt, no, xxo epsnonenne nmymn xo Hxe ns Tee
Poxennomy, nomosn n cnacn nt monnrnamn Cnonmn, a nenperxnonenno ocrnrnem
Hapcrnnx Heecnaro, nexe co ncemn cnxrtmn yem nocnenart n Tponne Ennomy Fory,
ntne n npncno n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Yunruenne snmx cepen
Poccnx, Mocxoncxax on., Hennncxn p-n, c. Herono, uaconnx xpama Mnxanna Apxanrena

3ry nxony nastnamr eme Cnmeonono npopeuenne. Opas Vmxruenne sntx cepen
nponcxonr, no nce nnnmocrn, ns Rro-3anano Pycn, onaxo ncropnuecxnx cneenn o
nem, x coxanennm, ne tno nnxora n nnxaxnx; nensnecrno axe, re n xora nxona
xnnnact. Hpeuncrax Vmxruenne sntx cepen nnmercx c nonsenntmn n Ee cepne meuamn
no rpn cnpana n cnena, onn cnnsy. uncno cemt n Cnxmennom Hncannn otuno osnauaer
nonnory, nstrounocrt uero-nno, a n annom cnyuae nonnory roro ropx, neuann n
onesnn cepeuno, xoropte ncntrana Foroponna no npemx Ee semno xnsnn. Hnora
na xonenxx Hpeuncro ent nnmercx eme n Hpeneunt Mnaenen.
Bo npemx Bennxo Oreuecrnenno nont na mre Boponexcxo onacrn, n mecrnocrn,
nsnecrno xax Fenoropte croxnn noenanmne na cropone nanncron nrantxncxne
ropnocrpenxonte uacrn. Bo nropo nononnne exapx 1942 roa conart namnn n
paspymennom or omexex ome nxony Vmxruenne sntx cepen, xoropym onn nepeann
cnoemy noennomy xanennany. Kanennan Honnxapno nsxn nxony c coo n Hrannm, re n
Mecrpe (marepnxonax uacrt Benennn) cnennantno nx nee tna ntcrpoena uaconnx, o cnx
nop ocrammaxcx mecrom macconoro nanomnnuecrna pontx n nnsxnx nrantxncxnx conar,
nornmnx n Poccnn.
Hpasnonanne +romy opasy conepmaercx n Heenm Bcex cnxrtx (n nepnoe nocxpecente
nocne Tponnt).
uyornopnax nxona Vmxruenne sntx cepen naxonrcx n uaconne, npnnncanno x
xpamy Mnxanna Apxanrena cena Herono Mocxoncxo onacrn. B +rom xpame c 1903 no 1913
rot nacroxrenem tn cnxmennomyuennx Koncranrnn Hxrnxpecroncxn (18771938). 3ra
nxona Foxne Marepn mnporounr c xonna 90-x roon XX nexa.
Onntnoe n naroyxannoe mnporouenne nponcxonr nenpecranno. Knort tcrpo
nannrtnamrcx cnxrtm mnpom n npnxoxr n nerxocrt. uyornopntm mnpom nomasymrcx nce
npnxoxmne noxnonnrtcx cnxrtne no npemx perynxpntx monenon. Mnporouenne nxont
Foxne Marepn Vmxruenne sntx cepen xnnxercx snamennem npemenn. Mnoxecrno
nme, oropnanntx or nept n narouecrnx cnonx npexon, oxecrounnnct n osnonnnct,
ocxyena nmont mnornx, sa ymnoxenne essaxonnx. Cepna mnornx conpemennnxon
sauepcrnenn n camocrn n nnoroyronn. Fnaronecrne ne cntmno ns-sa myma nnnnnnsannn,
rpoxora pasnneuenn. Ho+romy mnporouenne cront onntnoe n nenpecrannoe
cnnerentcrno saort o nac Marepn Foxne, Ee rennoro marepnncxoro noneuennx. Bet
Iocnot xouer, urot nce nmn cnacnnct n ocrnrnn nosnannx ncrnnt (1 Hocnanne
anocrona Hanna x Tnmo]em 2, 4).
Hxona uacro naxonrcx n nanomnnuecrnax. Ie nn noxnnxercx +ra nxona, nponcxoxr
upesntuante cotrnx n uyeca: ro naunnamr mnporounrt pyrne nxont, ro ns semnn
naunnaer nrt nont ncrounnx c npexpacno noo, ro paspemaercx ute-ro nennocrno, ro
apymrcx uenonexy cnnt x repnennm n necennm xpecra.
Bnx cront pasnrentnte npoxnnennx mnnocrn Foxne n noneuennx o nac Hpecnxro
Foroponnt, narouecrnnte xpncrnane nocrponnn nx +ro nxont om uaconnm n uecrt
nxont Foxn Marepn Vmxruenne sntx cepen. C anrycra 2006 roa +ra uaconnx no
narocnonennm mnrpononnra Kpyrnnxoro n Konomencxoro Rnenannx npnnncana x xpamy
Mnxanna Apxanrena cena Herono Bnnoncxoro narounnnx Hennncxoro p-na Mocxoncxo
Enapxnn.

Tponapt, rnac 5
Vmxrun nama snax cepna, Foroponne, n nanacrn nenannxmnx nac yracn, n ncxxym
recnory ymn namex paspemn, na Tno o cnxrt opas nsnpamme, Tnonm crpaannem n
mnnocepnem o nac ymnnxemcx n pant Tnox notsaem, crpen xe namnx, Tx repsammnx,
yxacaemcx. He axt nam, Marn Fnarocepax, n xecrocepnn namem n or xecrocepnx
nnxnnx nornnyrn, Tt o ecn noncrnny sntx cepen ymxruenne.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Bnanunpcxan
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Tonmauencxn nep., 9, xpam Cnxrnrenx Hnxonax n Tonmauax npn
Iocyapcrnenno Tpertxxoncxo ranepee
Ho nepxonnomy npeannm, ee nanncan enanrenncr Hyxa na ocxe crona, sa xoroptm en
Hncyc c Mapne n Hocn]om. Cornacno nerene, nonana n Koncranrnnonont ns Hepycannma
n V nexe npn nmneparope ueoocnn. H. A. Vcnencxn n xnnre Forocnonne nxont
Hpanocnanno Hepxnn nnmer: B nacroxmee npemx n Pyccxo Hepxnn nacunrtnaercx
oxono ecxrn nxon, npnnnctnaemtx enanrenncry Hyxe <>Koneuno, nce +rn nxont
npnnnctnamrcx enanrenncry ne n rom cmtcne, uro onn nncant ero pyxo; nn ona ns
nanncanntx nm camnm nxon o nac ne omna. Anropcrno cnxroro enanrenncra Hyxn sect
nyxno nonnmart n rom cmtcne, uro nxont +rn xnnxmrcx cnncxamn (nepnee, cnncxamn co
cnncxon) c nxon, nncanntx xora-ro enanrenncrom.
Ha oopore nsopaxent 3rnmacnx (npecron yroronannt) n opynx crpacre, ornocnmte
ouent npnnnsnrentno x nauany XV n. (npemenn nropo nounnxn nxont). Cymecrnymr
nepcnn, uro nxona eme c camoro nauana tna nycroponne.
Ha Pyct nxona nonana ns Bnsanrnn n nauane XII nexa (ox. 1131 roa), xax noapox Rpnm
onropyxomy or xoncranrnnonontcxoro Harpnapxa Hyxn Xpnsonepxa. Bnauane
Bnanmnpcxax nxona naxonnact n xencxom Foroponunom monacrtpe Btmropoa,
neanexo or Knena. Cexan ns Btmropoa na cenep, naronepnt xnxst Anpe
Foronmcxn nepenes nxony no Bnanmnp (no xoropomy ona n nonyunna ntnemnee
nanmenonanne) n 1155 roy, re ona xpannnact n Vcnencxom coope.
Bo npemx namecrnnx Tamepnana npn Bacnnnn I n 1395 urnmax nxona tna nepenecena n
Mocxny nx samnrt ropoa or sanoenarenx. Ha mecre cperennx (ncrpeun) mocxnnuamn
Bnanmnpcxo nxont o cnx nop naxonrcx ynnna Cperenxa n ocnonan Cperencxn
monacrtpt. ecxrt ne nxony necnn na pyxax o Mocxnt. Tamepnan nnesanno nonepnyn
cnon nocxa ns-no Entna oparno, exan, ronnmt cnnom Hpecnxro ent. Hxony no
Bnanmnp rax n ne nepnynn, ocrannn ee n Mocxne.
B 1451 roy x Mocxne noomno nocxo noracxoro xana c napennuem Masonme. Tarapt
nooxrnn mocxoncxne nocat, no Mocxna rax n ne tna saxnauena. Cnxrnrent Hona no
npemx noxapa conepman xpecrnte xot no crenam ropoa. Bonnt n ononuennt nnnct c
nenpnxrenem o noun. Manouncnennoe nocxo nennxoro xnxsx n +ro npemx naxonnoct
cnnmxom anexo, urot nomout ocaxenntm. Heronncn nonecrnymr, uro na cneymmee
yrpo nparon y cren Mocxnt ne oxasanoct. Onn ycntmann neotuant mym, pemnnn, uro
+ro ner nennxn xnxst c orpomntm nocxom n orcrynnnn. Cam xe xnxst nocne yxoa rarap
nnaxan nepe Bnanmnpcxo nxono.
Tperte sacrynnnuecrno Foromarepn sa Pyct tno n 1480 roy, nsnecrnoe n ncropnn xax
nennxoe croxnne na Vrpe. Hnan III orxasancx nnarnrt ant ope n na Pyct tnn nocnant
nonxn xana Axmara. Bcrpeua c pyccxnm nocxom nponsomna y pexn Vrpt: nocxa croxnn na
pasntx eperax n xann nonoa nx araxn. B nepennx pxax pyccxoro nocxa epxann
nxony Bnanmnpcxo Foromarepn. Hponcxonnn crtuxn, axe neontmne cpaxennx, no
nocxa rax n ne nnrannct, pyr nepe pyrom. Pyccxoe nocxo oromno or pexn, anax
nosmoxnocrt optncxnm nonxam nauart nepenpany. Ho oromnn n optncxne nonxn.
Pyccxne nonnt ocranonnnnct, a rarapcxne npoonxann orcrynart n npyr, nomuannct npout
es ornxxn.
Hepe +ro cnanno nxono conepmannct nce naxnemne rocyapcrnennte axrt Poccnn:
npncxra na nepnocrt Ponne, monnrnt nepe noenntmn noxoamn, nspanne Bcepoccncxnx
Harpnapxon.
Hpasnecrno n uecrt Bnanmnpcxo nxont Foxne Marepn conepmaercx rpn pasa n roy n
naroapnocrt sa rpoexparnoe nsannenne c Ee nomomtm namero Oreuecrna or nparon: 3
nmnx (21 max no crap. cr.) nsannenne or Maxmer-Inpex; 6 nmnx (23 nmnx no crap. cr.)
nsannenne or Axmara; 8 cenrxpx (26 anrycra no crap. cr.) cperenne nxont n Mocxne n
nsannenne or Tamepnana.
Hxona croxna npexe n Vcnencxom coope no nenym cropony napcxnx npar, a nocne 1917
roa onroe npemx naxonnact n sane pennepyccxoro ncxyccrna Tpertxxoncxo ranepen,
ceuac naxonrcx n nepxnn cnxrnrenx Hnxonax n Tonmauax, re nepe nem conepmamr
monent. B nennxne npecrontnte npasnnxn cnxrtnm nepenocxr n Vcnencxn coop
Kpemnx nx yuacrnx n camtx ropxecrnenntx monenax. 8 cenrxpx, n ent Cperennx
Bnanmnpcxo nxont, ona ntnocnrcx c xpecrntm xoom n Cperencxn monacrtpt.
C Bnanmnpcxo nxont uacro nncannct cnncxn, uacrt xoroptx nonyunnn ocote
nmenonannx. Bor nexoropte urnmte uyornopnte cnncxn Bnanmnpcxo nxont:
Bonoxonamcxax Bnanmnpcxax (nxna Manmrt Cxyparona n Hocn]o-Bonoxonamcxn
monacrtpt, ntne n copannn Henrpantnoro mysex pennepyccxo xyntrypt n ncxyccrna
nmenn Anpex Pynena)
Bnanmnpcxax-Cennrepcxax nxona (npnnecena na Cennrep Hnnom Cronencxnm n XVI
nexe)
Hcxono-Heuepcxax Vmnnenne (1524)
3aonnxnencxax (ns 3aonnxeencxoro monacrtpx) (1588)
Kpacnoropcxax (uepnoropcxax) (1603)
Opancxax (Opancxn Foroponnxn monacrtpt) (1634)
Bnanmnpcxax-Mnporounnax (Fenopyccnx, r. Ipono, Iponencxn Poxecrno-
Foroponunt xencxn monacrtpt)

Tponapt, rnac 4
nect cnerno xpacyercx cnannemn rpa Mocxna, xxo sapm conneunym nocnpnemmn,
Bnatunne, uyornopnym Tnom nxony, x nexe ntne mt npnrexamme n monxmecx, Tee
nstnaem cnne: o, npeuynax Bnatunne Foroponne! Monncx ns Tee nonnomennomy
Xpncry Fory namemy, a nsannr rpa ce n ncx rpat n crpant xpncrnancxnx nenpenmt
or ncex naner npaxnnx, n cnacer ymn nama, xxo Mnnocep.

Monnrna
O Bcemnnocrnnax Iocnoxe Foroponne, Heecnax Hapnne, ncemomnax 3acrynnnne,
nenocrtnoe name ynonanne! Fnaroapnm Tx o ncex naroexnnxx, n pot poon
poccncxnm nmem or Tee tnmnx, orpenne n onect or uyornopntx nxont Tnoex
xnnenntx. H ntne, Hpenarax Bnatunne, npnspn na nt rpemntx n neocrontx pat
Tnox, xnn nam mnnocrt Tnom n monn Ctna Tnoero, Xpncra Fora namero, o exe nsannrncx
nam or ncxxaro sna, n coxpannrncx ncxxomy rpay n necn n nce crpane name or rnaa,
rynrentcrna, rpyca, norona, ornx n meua, namecrnnx nnonnemennnx n mexyycontx
pann. Coxpann n ymypn nacrtpe Hepxnn, exe ocrono nacrn crao Xpncrono n npano
npannrn cnono ncrnnt; yxpenn xpncronmnnoe ncepoccncxoe nonncrno, noaxt yx
conera n pasyma noenauantnnxom, rpaonauantnnxom n ncem, nxe no nnacrn cyrt; nncnocnn
cnxroe Tnoe narocnonenne n ncem npanocnanntm xpncrnanom, noxnanxmmnmcx Tn n
monxmnmcx npe nentonocnom Tnoem nxonom.
Fyn nam 3acrynnnna n Xoaranna npe npecronom Bcentmnxro, nexe npcronmn. K
xomy yo npnernem, ame ne x Tee, Bnatunne? Komy npnnecem cnest n nostxannx, ame
ne x Tee, Hpecnxrax Foroponne? He nmamt o nntx nomomn, ne nmamt nntx naext,
pasne Tee, Heecnax Hapnne. Ho Tno xpon npnrexaem; monnrnamn Tnonmn nncnocnn nam
mnp, spanne, semnn nnoonocne, nosyxa naropacrnopenne, nsann or ncxxnx e n
cxope, or ncxxnx neyron n onesne, or nnesanntx cmeprn n or ncex osnonenn nparon
nnnmtx n nennnmtx. Bpasymn n nayun nt, o, Bcemnnocrnnax 3acrynnnne, nyrt semnaro
cero xnrnx esrpemno nporn.
Tt necn nemomn nama, necn n corpemennx nama, no n nepy necn n ynonanne nnnmn;
remxe apy nam ncnpannenne rpexonntx xnsnn n ymxrun snax cepna nama. Vxpenn n nac
npanym nepy, nnoxn n cepna nama yx crpaxa Foxnx, yx narouecrnx, yx cmnpennx,
repnennx n nmne, n optx enex npeycnexnne; nsann nac or ncxymenn, or naryntx
ymenpentx yuenn, or nenepnx, pasnpamennx n nornenn neuntx.
Tee yo npocnm, Hpeuncrtx Bnatunne, n npenaamme npe cnxrom Tnoem nxonom
monnmcx: ymnnocepncx na nt n nomnny nt, n Crpamnt xe ent Cya xoaracrnom n
sacrynnennem Tnonm cnoon nt crarn oecnym Ctna Tnoero, Xpncra Fora namero, Emy
xe nooaer ncxxax cnana, uecrt n noxnonenne co Fesnauantntm Ero Ornem n npecnxrtm n
Fnarnm n Ennocymntm Ero yxom, ntne n npncno, n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Bnanunpcxan-Opancxan
Poccnx, Hnxeropocxax on., Foropocxn p-n, c. Opanxn, Opancxn Foropocxn
monacrtpt

Opancxax Bnanmnpcxax nxona Foxne Marepn xnnnact n 1634 roy npn cneymmnx
ocroxrentcrnax: nnxeropocxn norunnnnx Herp Inaxon nnran rnyoxoe naroronenne x
Bnanmnpcxo nxone Foxne Marepn, naxonnmecx n Mocxoncxom Vcnencxom coope. On
saxasan xonnm c +ro nxont n ynes x cee na ponny.
uepes necxontxo ner on nonyunn no cne yxasanne nocrponrt xpam n uecrt Bnanmnpcxo
nxont na yxasanno emy no cne rope. Ornpannnmnct na noncxn, Herp n nenpoxonmo uame
neca napen na mecro, na xoroptm croxno cnxnne. Inaxon ysnan ry ropy, xoropax emy
tna yxasana no cne. 3ro tna Cnonencxax ropa.
Ononecrnn oo ncem Harpnapxa Hocn]a, on nonyunn rpamory na coopyxenne nepxnn.
Hocrannn na rope mpamopnt xpecr, Herp npncrynnn x crponrentcrny xpama, n xoropom n
tna nocrannena nxona Foromarepn. Hxona nonyunna nanmenonanne Opancxo, no
nasnannm mecra Opano none, re tna operena nxona, or xoropo crann conepmartcx
ncnenennx. Hapt Mnxann ueooponnu nonenen ycrponrt npn nepxnn Opancxn
Foropocxn monacrtpt.
B XVIII nexe, xora n Hnxnem Honropoe cnnpencrnonana xonepa, nxony npnnecnn ns
monacrtpx n ycrponnn noxpyr ropoa xpecrnt xo. Bnnmo, Foromarept ycntmana
nepymmnx, noromy uro cnyunnoct uyo, n xonepa npexparnnact.
C rex nop nxony Opancxo Foxte Marepn crann npnnosnrt n Hnxnn Honropo xaxt
ro. Tax npoonxanoct o penonmnnn.
Hpepnannax rpannnx tna noccranonnena rontxo n namn nn. Cunraercx, uro nocne
npoxoxennx no +ro nxono Foromarept apyer ncnenenne or ]nsnuecxnx n ymenntx
onesne.

Konax, rnac 8
Bspanno Boenoe noenrentnax, xxo nsanntmecx or sntx npnmecrnnem Tnoero
uecrnaro opasa, Bnatunne Foroponne, cnerno cornopxem npasnecrno cperennx Tnoero n
otuno sonem Tn: paycx, Henecro Henenecrnax.

Monnrna
O Bcemnnocrnnax Iocnoxe Foroponne, Heecnax Hapnne, Bcemomnax 3acrynnnne,
nenocrtnoe name Vnonanne! Fnaroapxme Tx o ncex nennxnx naroexnnxx, n pot poon
nmem poccncxnm or Tee tnmnx, npe npeuncrtm opasom Tnonm monnm Tx: coxpann
rpa ce [nnn: nect cnm, nnn: cnxrym onrent cnm] n npecroxmnx pat Tnox n ncm semnm
Pyccxym or rnaa, rynrentcrna, semnn rpxcennx, norona, ornx, meua, namecrnnx
nnonnemenntx n mexoycontx pann. Coxpann n cnacn, Iocnoxe, Bennxaro Iocnonna n
Orna namero Anexcnx, Cnxremaro Harpnapxa Mocxoncxaro n ncex Pycn, n Iocnonna
namero nmxpex, Hpeocnxmennemaro enncxona [nnn: apxnenncxona, nnn: mnrpononnra]
|rnryn], n ncx Hpeocnxmenntx mnrpononnrt, apxnenncxont n enncxont npanocnanntx.
axt nm Hepxont Poccncxym ope ynpannrn, nepntx onnt Xpncront nernnemt
conmcrn.
Homxnn, Bnatunne, n nect cnxmennnuecxn n monamecxn unn, corpe cepna nx
pennocrnm o Fose n ocrono snannx cnoero xonrn xoeroxo yxpenn. Cnacn, Iocnoxe, n
nomnny n ncx pat Tnox n apy nam nyrt semnaro nonpnma es nopoxa npenrn. Vrnepn
nac n nepe Xpncrono n no ycepnn xo Hpanocnanne Hepxnn, nnoxn n cepna nama yx
crpaxa Foxnx, yx narouecrnx, yx cmnpennx, n nanacrex repnenne nam noaxt, no
naroencrnnn nosepxanne, x nnxnnm nmont, xo nparom ncenpomenne, n optx enex
npeycnexnne. Hsann nac or ncxxaro ncxymennx n or oxamenennaro neuyncrnnx, n
crpamnt xe ent Cya cnoon nac xoaracrnom Tnonm crarn oecnym Ctna Tnoero,
Xpncra Fora namero, Emyxe nooaer ncxxax cnana, uecrt n noxnonenne co Ornem n
Cnxrtm yxom, ntne n npncno, n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Houaencxan
Vxpanna, Tepnonontcxax on., Kpemenenxn p-n, r. Houaen, yn. Boccoennennx, 8, Cnxro-
Vcnencxax Houaencxax Hanpa
Hounraemt cnncox: Poccnx, Toontcxn p-n, noc. Hpnnprtmcxn, monacrtpt no nmx
Hoanna Hpereun Bneencxn Mexyropnt (xencxn)

Houaencxax nxona Foxne Marepn uyornopnax nxona Foxne Marepn, mnpoxo
nounraemax n Hpanocnanno n Karonnuecxo Hepxnn, ocoenno n Iannnnn, Focnnn, Cepnn
n Fonrapnn. Ho npeannm, ona tna npnnecena n 1559 roy xoncranrnnonontcxnm
Harpnapxom Heo]nrom; a n 1597 roy tna nepeana n nonoocnonannt Vcnencxn
Houaencxn monacrtpt. Tam nxona npocnannnact uyecamn mnorouncnenntx ncnenenn, a
n 1675 cnacennem Houaena or pasopennx rypxamn.
Kora rypxn ocannn Houaencxn monacrtpt, nnoxn co cnesamn monnnnct nepe opasom
Foromarepn n y rponnnt c momamn npenoonoro Hona Houaencxoro. Hrymen nenen nert
axa]ncr Hapnne Heecno. Kora sanenn Bspanno Boenoe noenrentnax, na
xpamom xnnnoct uynoe nnenne: nncrax xpue connna, Foromarept epxana na Houaenom
Cno omo]op, xax t noxptnax onrent. Hpenoont Hon tn pxom c Foxne Mareptm
n monnn Ee o samnre onrenn. Typxn, ynnen Heecnoe Bonncrno, crann nycxart crpent n
Hapnny Heecnym n Anrenon. Ho crpent nosnpamannct n nopaxann crpenxnmnx. Typenxoe
nocxo cmemanoct, oesymenmne nonnt nauann ynnart pyr pyra, a sarem oparnnnct n
ercrno. Oopennte uyecno nomomtm, samnrnnxn monacrtpx saxnarnnn mnoro
nnenntx (nexoropte ns nnx npnnxnn cnxroe xpemenne n nancera ocrannct n Hanpe).
B namxrt o uyecnom nsannennn onrenn tno ycranonneno exeronoe npasnonanne n
uecrt Houaencxo nxont Foxne Marepn.
uyeca or nxont ne npexpamannct n rora, xora Houaencxnm monacrtpem nnaenn
ynnart (17211831 rot). B 1859 roy nmneparop Anexcanp II, nocernnmn monacrtpt,
noxeprnonan emy nont nxonocrac nx coopnoro Vcnencxoro xpama. B rpertem xpyce
nxonocraca n snesoopasnom cepepxnom xnore na napcxnmn nparamn n nontne
naxonrcx uyornopnax nxona Foxne Marepn.
B 1831 Houaen nepnyncx x npanocnanntm, monacrtpt nonyunn nasnanne nanpt; cnana
Houaencxo nxont pacnpocrpannnact no nce Poccnn, c nee enannct cnncxn,
nounranmnecx raxxe xax uyornopnte.
B Houaencxo nanpe ocoenno nounrancx ontmo uyornopnt opas Houaencxo
Foromarepn (nxna xnennxn n namxrt nsannennx Knena or xonept n 1848) c nsopaxennem
cront Foroponnt n nnxne uacrn nxont (no npeannm, Foromarept nocernna
Houaencxym ropy n ocrannna na xamne orneuarox Cnoe cront).
pennxx Houaencxax uyornopnax nxona neontmoro pasmepa; Foromarept nsopaxena
cxnonnnme ronony x Ctny, cnxmemy na Ee npano pyxe (cnena), n neno pyxe Foromarepn
nnar, xoroptm Ona npnxptnaer Mnaenna; na nonxx nxont ]nrypt cnxrtx. Hxona
ncrannena n pamy-oxna.
Hpasnonanne conepmaercx na pasa n ro: 5 anrycra (23 nmnx no crap. cr.) n namxrt
nsannennx or rypox n 1675 n 21 cenrxpx (8 no crap. cr.) n namxrt npnnecennx nxont n
Poccnm ns Ipennn n 1559 roy.

Tponapt, rnac 5
Hpe cnxrom Tnoem nxonom, Bnatunne, monxmncx ncnenenn cnoonxmrcx, nept
ncrnnntx nosnanne npnemnmr n arapxncxax namecrnnx orpaxamr. Temxe n nam, x Tee
npnnaammnm, rpexon ocrannenne ncnpocn, nomtcnt narouecrnx cepna nama npocnern n
x Ctny Tnoemy monnrny nosnecn n cnacennn ym namnx.

Monnrna
O Bcemnnocrnnax Iocnoxe, Hapnne n Bnatunne, or ncex poon nspannax n ncemn pot
neecntmn n semntmn ynaxaemax! Bosspn mnnocrnnno na npecroxmn npe cnxrom
nxonom Tnoem n ycepno x Tee monxmncx napo ce n cornopn npecrarentcrnom n
sacrynnennem Tnonm y Ctna Tnoero n Fora namero, a nnxroxe nster orcmy ynonannx
cnoero rom n nocpamnen n naexe cnoe, no a npnmer xnxo or Tee ncx, no naromy
nsnonennm cepna cnoero n no nyxe n norpee cnoe, no cnacenne ymn n no spanne reny.
Hpnspn narocepnem, Bcenerax Foroponne, n na onrent cnm, Tnonm nmenem
napnnammymcx, mxe or ner pennnx nosnmnna ecn, nspanmn ee n ocroxnne Cee, n
neocxyno ncrouammn roxn ncnenenn or uyornopntx nxont Tnoex n or npncnorexymero
ncrounnxa, n cnee cront Tnoex, nam orxptraro, n coxpann m or ncxxaro npnnora n nanera
npaxnx, xxoxe penne coxpannna ecn Tnonm xnnennem neny n nenpexenny or nmraro
namecrnnx arapxncxaro, a ntny nocnenaercx n cnannrcx n ne Hpecnxroe Hmx Orna n Ctna
n Cnxraro yxa n Tnoe npecnannoe Vcnenne, no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Hcxono-Heuepcxan Yunnenne
Poccnx, Hcxoncxax on., r. Heuopt, Cnxro-Vcnencxn Hcxono-Heuepcxn myxcxo
monacrtpt

Hxona cunraercx cnncxom c nxont Foxne Marepn Bnanmnpcxax n tna nanncana
nexnm nepomonaxom Apcennem n 1520 roy n npnnecena n Hcxono-Heuepcxn monacrtpt
xynnamn Bacnnnem n ueoopom npnmepno n +ro xe npemx. Hrymenom onrenn n ro npemx
tn npenoont Kopnnnn.
B 1524 roy no Hcxone n oxpecrntx semnxx noxnnnnct coomennx o uyecntx
ncnenennxx: He rontxo npanocnanntm noaer Foromarept ncnenennx, no n or nnonepntx,
cnpeut or narnn nemenxnx semnn, npnxoxmnm c nepom x Hpeuncro Foroponne n x
uyornopnomy Ee opasy, noaer ncnenenne.
Ocoym nsnecrnocrt n nounranne no nce Poccnn ona npnopena nocne roro, xax
Foroponna uepes +ry Cnom nxony (n nxony Vcnenne) nsannna Hcxon or ocat
nocxamn nontcxoro xoponx Cra]ana Faropnx n 1581 roy. 3a necxontxo ne o ocat
Hcxona tno uyecnoe xnnenne Hpecnxro Foroponnt narouecrnnomy crapny opo]em o
npecroxmem ecrnnn. Tora apxnenncxonom tn ntsnan nrymen Hcxono-Heuepcxoro
monacrtpx Tnxon c Hcxono-Heuepcxnmn nxonamn Vcnennx n Vmnnennx, urot
conepmart monent na yxasanntx no npemx Cnoero xnnennx Camo Foroponne mecrax.
Homomtm Hpecnxro Foroponnt ropo n onrent tnn cnacent. Hopaxenne no
Hcxonom ntnynno Bennxoe xnxxecrno Hnroncxoe saxnmunrt c Poccne nepemnpne. Taxxe
nxona Foromarepn Vmnnenne Hcxono-Heuepcxax npocnannnact mnornmn uyecntmn
ncnenennxmn, +romy, xax ronopnr neronnct, tnn cnnerenxmn nect ropo Hcxon n Bennxn
Honropo.
B 1812 roy nxona Vmnnenne cnacna Hcxon or namecrnnx nocx Hanoneona. Hmenno c
roro roa npasnyercx 20 oxrxpx (7 oxrxpx no crap. cr.) namxrt nxont. Kpome roro
npasnonanne npoxonr 3 nmnx (21 max no crap. cr.), 23 nmnx (5 anrycra no crap. cr.) n 8
cenrxpx (26 anrycra no crap. cr.).

Hspanne 3acrynnnne poa xpncrnancxoro, noxptnamme n cnacamme nmn
npanonepntx, nnoxom narocxopxmnm Hoarentnnne neunaro paonannx,
naroapcrnenntx or ymn nocxnnnaem nennx. Tt xe, xxo napexmaxcx Vmnnenne, npnspn
na nt mnnocrnnno n ymnnenne nam apy, a co epsnonennem nocnenaem Tn paocrno:
Paycx, Bcenarax Bnatunne, ymnnenne n cnacenne name.

Monnrna x Hpecnxro Foroponne nepe Ex nxono, nmenyemo Vmnnenne Hcxono-
Heuepcxax
O Hpenarocnonennax eno Foroponne Bnatunne! Marn ncex crpaxymnx n
onesnymmnx cepnem! Crpant namex n rpaa 3amnrnnne! Onrenn Hcxono-Heuepcxnx
xpacoro n cnano! Hpnspn na nac cmnpenntx, opemenenntx rpexn mnornmn, orxruenntx
cxoptmn n neuanxmn, n c coxpymennem n cnesamn nsnpammnx na npeuncrt nnx Tno, n
uyornopne nxone xnnennt. Coxpann or ncxxaro sna cnxrym onrent cnm, mxe
npenoont Kopnnnn co crapnt Mapxom n Honom Tee npyun n ncex n nepe n naexe
nonnsammnxcx n ne. Cnacn n rpa ce, n ncx nmn, npanonepno xnnymnx n x Tee
npnerammnx, or namecrnnx nnonnemenntx, or ncxxaro crpaxa n rpyca, or mopa n rnaa, or
sntx uenonex n ncxuecxo cxopn. Hpnnnxnn x nam mnnocepnem Tnonm, xxo nnxom Tnonm
Foxecrnenntm nmesno npnnnxna ecn x nannre Foromnaenna. Corpe nac txannem Tnoex
nmne n nnxora xe orcryna or nac, nn n ce xnsnn, nn n yyme a uamme Tnom
ncecnntnym Marepnncxym nomomt, cnoonmcx eseno orn neuntx xnsnn n
npocnannxrt Heecnaro Orna n Ctna n Cnxraro yxa, n Tponne cnannmaro Fora, no nexn
nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Yunnenne Honropocxan
Poccnx, r. Honropo, Tponnxax nepxont

3ra nxona npocnannnact n 1337 roy cneymmnm uyom: n nonent 8 nmnx (no crap. cr.)
nepxonnt cropox ycntman mym n nepxnn. Box n xpam, on c yxacom ynnen, uro
naxonnmaxcx na cenepntmn nepxmn nxona Foxte Marepn, nonxrax co cnoero mecra
croxna n nosyxe n ns oue Foromarepn nnnnct cnest. Apxnenncxon Anexcn n
conponoxennn ncero yxonencrna, xpecrnoro xoa n mnoxecrna nme npntn na mecro
uya. Hxona tna nocrannena n cnennantno ycrpoennom xnore. B namxrt +roro uya tno
ycranonneno npasnonanne nxone Vmnnenne 21 nmnx (8 nmnx no crap. cr.).
Pyxonncnax nepxonnax neronnct ynomnnaer n o pyrnx uyecax +ro nxont. B rom xe
1337 roy n Honropoe nauanact +nnemnx mopono xsnt. Hmn crann opamartcx x
Hapnne Heecno o sacrynnnuecrne n +nnemnx npexparnnact. B naroapnocrt sa
uyecnoe noxponnrentcrno Foxte Marepn apxnenncxon Bacnnn n 1352 roy ycranonnn
exerono conepmart xpecrnt xo ns Co]ncxoro coopa n Tponnxym nepxont.
Hpnemnnx ero, Anexcn, tn cnnerenem nonoro uya or nxont Vmnnenne: nerom 1366
roa Tponnxax nepxont saropenact, nnamx oxnarnno nect xpam, no uyornopnax nxona
Foxte Marepn nonxnact na ntnamme nepxontm. Mnorne nmn nnenn +ro uyo,
apxnenncxon Anexcn npntn rya c xpecrntm xoom. Bo npemx monena nxona
onycrnnact n pyxn enncxona n noxap npexparnncx. Ha nxone ocrancx cne: sanxx uacrt
ocxn oropena.
Bennxn xnxst Hoann III nsxn n 1497 roy +ry nxony n Mocxny, re ona naxonnact o
1508 roa n norom tna nosnpamena n Honropo, no xoaracrny xnxrnnn Mapnn: e no cne
xnnnact Foxtx Marept, nonenenmax nosnparnrt uyornopnym nxony. B 1508 roy nxona
Vmnnenne tna nepenecena n Tponnxym nepxont.

Monnrna
Hpnnmn, Bcenaromomnax, Hpeuncrax Iocnoxe, Bnatunne Foroponrentnnne, cnx
uecrntx apt, Tee enne npnxnantx, or nac, neocrontx paon Tnonx: or ncex poon
nspannax, ncex rnape neecntx n semntx ntcmax xnntmaxcx, nonexe o Tee pan tcrt
Iocnot Cnn c namn, n Toom Ctna Foxnx nosnaxom n cnoonxomcx cnxraro Tena Ero n
npeuncrtx Kpone Ero; remxe naxenna ecn n poex poon, Foronaxennax, Xepynnmon
cnernemn n Cepa]nmon uecrnemn cymax. H ntne, Bcenerax Hpecnxrax Foroponne, ne
npecra monxmncx o nac, neocrontx paex Tnonx, exe nsannrncx nam or ncxxaro conera
nyxanaro n ncxxaro ocroxnnx n coxpannrncx nam nenpexenntm or ncxxaro xonnraro
npnnora nanontcxaro; no axe o xonna monnrnamn Tnonmn neocyxenntx nac conmn,
xxo a Tnonm sacrynnennem n nomomnm cnacaemn, cnany, xnany, naroapenne n
noxnonenne sa ncx n Tponne Ennomy Fory n ncex Cosarenm nosctnaem, ntne n npncno, n
no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Yunnenne Cepaqnuo-nneencxan, nnn Paoc1t ncex
paoc1en
Poccnx, Harpnapmee nonopte

Vmnnenne, Cepa]nmo-nneencxax nxona Foxne Marepn (Bcex Paocre Paocrt),
urnmax nxona npenoonoro Cepa]nma Caponcxoro, naxonnmaxcx n ero xente; nepe +rnm
opasom on cxonuancx 2 xnnapx 1833 roa. Hocne cmeprn Cepa]nma Caponcxoro nxona tna
nepeana n nneencxn monacrtpt; n rot Conercxo nnacrn xpannnact n ropoe Mypome;
ntne n pesnennnn Harpnapxa. B nacroxmee npemx xnnxercx ono ns ocoo urnmtx
cnxrtnt Pyccxo Hpanocnanno Hepxnn; n nxrym neenm Bennxoro Hocra (cyora
axa]ncra) nxony npnnocxr n xa]epantnt narpnapmn Foroxnnencxn coop nx urennx
nepe nem axa]ncra. Hxona nanncana na nonorne macnom no nropo nononnne XVIII nexa,
no nxonorpa]nn nocxonr x nounraemo n Hnrne n sanano Poccnn Ocrpopamcxo nxone
Foxne Marepn, or xoropo ornnuaercx orcyrcrnnem sanantx arpnyron nynnoro cepna
nnnsy n snes noxpyr nnma.
Hxona Foxne Marepn Vmnnenne Cepa]nmo-nneencxax npnnanexana npenoonomy
Cepa]nmy Caponcxomy, tna ero xeneno nxono. Macnom or namnat, ropenme nepe
+ro cnxro nxono, npenoont nomastnan ontntx, xoropte nonyuann nocne
nomasannx ncnenenne. Honnxnnx nastnan nxony Vmnnenne Bcex paocre Paocrt,
n nepe ne on cxonuancx na monnrne 2 xnnapx 1833 roa. nneencxnm cecrpam armmxa
neonoxparno ronopnn, yxastnax na nxony Foxne Marepn Vmnnenne: Hopyuam n
ocrannxm nac na noneuenne nor +ro Hapnnt Heecno. Hocne cmeprn npenoonoro
Cepa]nma Caponcxn nacroxrent oren Hn]onr oran cnxrym nxony Bcex paocre
Paocrt cecrpam nneencxo Cepa]nmoncxo onrenn.
Hxona Foxne Marepn Vmnnenne Cepa]nmo-nneencxax naxonnact o penonmnnn n
Tponnxom coope Cepa]nmo-nneencxoro monacrtpx. B 1903 roy nxona Vmnnenne
npnnocnnact xpecrntm xoom ns nneena n Capon na ropxecrno npocnannennx
npenoonoro.
Hocne saxptrnx monacrtpx n 1927 roy enncxon Cepa]nm (3nesnncxn), apxnenncxon
Tamoncxn 3nnonn (poson) n nrymennx Anexcanpa tnn apecronant n ornpannent n
Mocxny. Hocne ocnooxennx marymxa Anexcanpa c necxontxnmn cecrpamn nocennnact n
Mypome, cymen cepeut n ynesrn c coo uyornopnt opas nxont Foxne Marepn nmecre
c ocrantntmn nemamn armmxn Cepa]nma. Hocne ee cmeprn n 1941 roy opas xpannna
monaxnnx Mapnx (Fapnnona).
Bnocnecrnnn nxona tna na xpanennn y nporonepex Bnxropa Banonantnnxona, xnnmero
n nomocxonnom nocenxe Kparono. enxrnanart ner oren Bnxrop n ero marymxa epexno
xpannnn nemn npenoonoro Cepa]nma. Hpnnnmax npnxoxmnx x cnxrtnxm, onn
neonoxparno tnn cnnerenxmn uyec n ncnenenn.
B 1991 roy nxona, oxna n nemn Hpenoonoro tnn nepeant nm Harpnapxy
Mocxoncxomy n ncex Pycn Anexcnm II.
Ceuac nxona Foxne Marepn Vmnnenne, npnnanexanmax armmxe Cepa]nmy,
naxonrcx y Harpnapxa Mocxoncxoro n ncex Pycn. Pas n ro n npasnnx Hoxnant
Hpecnxro Foroponnt ona ntnocnrcx na nceomee noxnonenne n Harpnapmn
Foroxnnencxn coop n Mocxne.
Foromarept na +ro nxone nsopaxena n nonypocr, c xpecroopasno cnoxenntmn na rpyn
pyxamn, es Foromnaenna, n momenr nponsnecennx Em cnon Apxanreny Ianpnnny npn
Fnaronemennn: Ce paa Iocnonx, yn mn no rnarony rnoemy.
Ha nxone o penonmnnn tn paronennt oxna, ncnonnennt no saxasy nmneparopa
Hnxonax II. Hnm na +ro pnse tn ntnonnen n nne pacxoxmnxcx nyue cnxnnx,
cocroxmnx ns paronenntx xamne n xemuyra. C nxont tno cenano mnoxecrno cnncxon,
ocoenno nocne xanonnsannn Cepa]nma Caponcxoro n 1903 roy, nexoropte ns nnx roxe
crann uyornopntmn.
Onn ns nanonee pannnx cnncxon (184050-e rot) tn ncnonnen na crexne, na oopore
(na xaprone) nmenact nannct o narocnonennn +rnm opasom mnrpononnrom unnaperom
monaxnnn 3auartencxoro monacrtpx (nxona nornna n 1984 roy).
Hamxrt nxont conepmaercx 10 anrycra (28 nmnx no crap. cr.), n nneencxom monacrtpe
nponcxonno raxxe npasnonanne 22 exapx (9 exapx no crap. cr.) n ent ocnonannx
onrenn.

Tponapt, rnac 4
K Foroponne co ymnnennem npnnaem, ncn, rpexmn opemenennnn, uyornopnym Ex
nxony Vmnnennx onotsamme n nonnmme co cnesamn: Bnatunne, npnnmn monenne
neocrontx pa Tnonx n noaxt nam, npocxmnm, nennm Tnom mnnocrt.

Monnrna
O, Hpecnxrax Iocnoxe Bnatunne, Foroponne eno! Hpnnmn neocrontx monnrnt
nama, coxpann nac or naneron sntx uenonex n or nanpacntx cmeprn, noaxt nam npexe n
paocrt n neuann mecro apy. H nsann nac, o Iocnoxe Bnatunne Foroponne, or ncxxaro
sna, n cnoon nac, rpemntx paon rnonx, oecnym crarn no Bropom npnmecrnnn Ctna
Tnoero, Xpncra Fora namero, n nacnennxn nac trn cnoon Hapcrnnx Heecnaro n xnsnn
neuntx co ncemn cnxrtmn n esxoneuntx nexn. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Heynnnaeuan Hama
Poccnx, Mocxoncxax on., r. Cepnyxon, yn. Oxrxptcxax, 40, Bneencxn Bnatunt
xencxn monacrtpt

Hxona Foxne Marepn Heynnnaemax uama ona ns uyornopntx nxon, xnnennax no
Bnatunem monacrtpe n ropoe Cepnyxone n 1878 roy.
Hcropnx xnnennx +ro nxont cnxsana c xnsntm onoro orcrannoro conara Tyntcxo
ryepnnn, xoropt crpamno nnn n ne mor pocnrt, necmorpx na nocrnrmym ero nnmery n
onesnn. Or ntxncrna y nero axe ornxnnct norn, no on npoonxan nnrt. Onaxt +ror
onycrnnmncx uenonex ynnen con, n xoropom emy xnnncx crapen, nonenenmn orcnyxnrt
moneen nepe nxono Foxne Marepn n Cepnyxone no Bnatunem monacrtpe.
He cpasy nomen n monacrtpt +ror uenonex: n ener ner, n norn ne xoxr. Ho con
nonropnncx eme 2 pasa, rora yxe nonons crapnx n monacrtpt. B monacrtpe nnxro ne snan
nxont Foxne Marepn Heynnnaemax uama n ne mor nocxasart, nepe xaxo nxono
cnyxnrt moneen. Tora xro-ro npenonoxnn, uro +ro peut ner o nxone c nsopaxennem
uamn, xoropax nncnr n npoxoe ns coopnoro xpama n pnsnnny. Ha oparno cropone nxont
ecrnnrentno ynnenn nannct: Heynnnaemax uama!
Honooperennt opas tn nepenecen n xpam n nepe nnm conepmen moneen. Hs
Cepnyxona tnmn ntxnnna nosnpamancx conepmenno sopontm. On nonyunn ne rontxo
ncnenenne ontntx nor, camoe rnannoe on nepecran ncntrtnart nenpeoonnmym rxry x
rynrentno uame nnna.
Cxopo +ra narax necrt ntmna sa crent onrenn, n x nonoxnnennomy opasy crann
npnesxart ronnt nme ns ropoa Cepnyxona, a norom n co nce Pycn. Oepxnmte
ntxncrnom, nx ponte n nnsxne cnemnnn nosnecrn monnrnt x Foromarepn o ncnenennn
or neyra, a mnorne npnxonnn, urot yxe nosnaroapnrt Bnatunny sa Ee nennxym
mnnocrt.
Hepe +ro nxono npanocnannte xpncrnane monxrcx o ncnenennn or anxoronnsma n
napxomannn n nepxnn sacnnerentcrnonano mnoxecrno uyecntx ncnenenn no
monnrnamn nepe +ro nxono.
Bcx nxona Heynnnaemax uama, naxoxmaxcx no Bnatunem monacrtpe, ynemana
sonortmn yxpamennxmn n snax naroapnocrn sa ncnonnennte npomennx, sa ncnenennx
or neyra, no penne rpannnn co npemenem ns +rnx apon nxonam nsrorannnnannct
paronennte oxnat, +rn yxpamennx spnmoe cnnerentcrno o ncnonnenntx
monnrnenntx npomennxx.
uro nsopaxaer +ra nxona? Ho nxonorpa]nn ona ornocnrcx x rnny onoro ns pennemnx
nsopaxenn Foxne Marepn Opanra, rontxo Foromnaenen nanncan croxmnm n uame.
uama c narocnonnxmmnm Foromnaennem +ro uama Hpnuamennx, ncrouammax
npncrynammnm x nem c nepom nce narocnonennx, aponannte rpemnomy poy
uenoneuecxomy ncxynnrentntm nonnrom Iocnoa namero Hncyca Xpncra.
Ceronx n Poccnn cymecrnyer mnoro nenrpon nomomn ontntm anxoronnsmom no nmx
nxont Heynnnaemax uama. Ocnont connantno xonnennnn Pyccxo Hpanocnanno
Hepxnn onpeenxmr ocnonnym npnunny anxoronnsma n napxomannn xax yxonnax
onycromennocrt, norepx cmtcna xnsnn, pasmtrocrt npancrnenntx opnenrnpon. B xonne
2005 roa Cnxremn Harpnapx Mocxoncxn n Bcex Pycn Anexcn II an narocnonenne na
cosanne npn xpamax Mocxnt rpynn camonomomn nx nme, crpaammnx anxorontno n
napxornuecxo sanncnmocrtm.
Mt npnneem cnona cnxrnrenx Hoanna 3naroycra, n xoroptx on mypo onpeenxer
ornomenne uenonexa x nnny n ero norpenennm: cntmy, uro nexoropte ronopxr: ecnn
t ne tno nnna, mt ne tnn t ntxnnnamn! O, esymnte! Hmn rpemar, a mt npesnpaem
ap Foxn! Heyxenn nnno npnunna raxoro sna? Her, ne nnno, a nenosepxanne rex,
xoropte snoynorpenxmr nnnom. Hrax, nyume cxaxn: O, ecnn t ne tno ntxncrna! A
ecnn cxaxem: nyume ne tno t nnna, ro moxem n anee cxasart: nyume ne tno t
xenesa, noromy uro ecrt uenonexoynnt; nyume t ne tno noun, noromy uro ecrt nopt;
nyume t ne tno cnera, noromy uro ecrt xnenernnxn. Taxnm opasom rt nce, naxonen,
saxouemt ncrpenrt. Ho rt ne nocryna rax, noromy uro +ro carannncxn yx. He
npesnpa nnna, no npesnpa ntxncrno.

Tponapt, rnac 4
nect npnrenem nepnnn x Foxecrnennomy n npeuynomy opasy Hpecnxrtx Foromarepn,
nanoxmme nepntx cepna Heecnom neynnnaemom uamem Cnoero mnnocepnx n nmxm
nepntm uyeca noxasymme. xe mt nnxme n cntmame yxonno npasnyem n renne
nonnem: Bnatunne Hpemnnocrnnax, ncnenn nama neyrn n crpacrn, monxme Ctna Tnoero,
Xpncra Fora namero, cnacrn ymn nama.

Konax, rnac 6
Ftcrt upeno Tnoe cnxrax Tpanesa, nmymax Heecnaro Xnea, Xpncra Fora namero, or
Heroxe ncxx xt ne ymnpaer, xxoxe peue ncex, Foroponrentnnne, Hnrarent.

Crnxnpa, rnac 6
nect Bnatunnt uyornopnax nxona npocnannxercx, nect nepnnn na monnrny npe nem
oroncmy conpamrcx, nect n manonepnnn nomtcnmn noxaxnnx osapxmrcx, cnnt
Heecntx o cnane Hpeuncrtx paymrcx, mt xe, xxo Anrenom nayunxomcx, raxo nonnem:
paycx, Fnaroarnax, Iocnot c Toom, narocnonena Tt n xenax, narocnoneno Tnoe x
nam mnnocepne, narocnonen Hno upena Tnoero, cnana Tee.

Monnrna
O, Hpemnnocepnax Bnatunne! K Tnoemy sacrynnennm ntne npneraem, monenn namnx
ne npespn, no mnnocrnno ycntmn nac: xen, ere, marepe; n rxxxnm neyrom nnancrna
oepxnmtx, n roro pan or marepn cnoex Hepxnn Xpncrono n cnacennx ornaammnx,
parten, n cecrep, n cponnx namnx ncnenn.
O, Mnnocrnnax Marn Foxnx, xocnnct cepen nx n cxopo noscrann or naenn rpexonntx,
xo cnacnrentnomy nosepxannm npnnen nx.
Vmonn Ctna Cnoero, Xpncra Fora namero, a npocrnr nam corpemennx nama n ne
ornparnr mnnocrn Cnoex or nme Cnonx, no a yxpennr nac n rpesnennn n nenomypnn.
Hpnnmn, Hpecnxrax Foroponne, monnrnt marepe, o uaax cnonx cnest nponnnammnx,
xen, o myxex cnonx ptammnx, ua, cnptx n yornx, sanyxmnmn ocrannenntx, n ncex
nac, x nxone Tnoe npnnaammnx. H a npnner ce nonnt nam, monnrnamn Tnonmn, xo
Hpecrony Bcentmnxro.
Hoxpt n conmn nac or nyxanaro nonnennx n ncex xosne npaxnnx, n crpamnt xe uac
ncxoa namero nomorn nporn nenperxnonenno nosymnte mtrapcrna, monnrnamn Tnonmn
nsann nac neunaro ocyxennx, a noxpter nac mnnocrt Foxnx n necxonuaemte nexn nexon.
Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn, Cxoponocnymnnna
A]on, monacrtpt oxnap
uyornopnt cnncox: Poccnx, pecnynnxa Komn, r. Heuopa, yn. Hecoxomnnaroncxax, 37a,
Heuopcxn Foroponnxn Cxoponocnymnnuecxn monacrtpt

3ro pennn uyornopnt opas, naxonrcx na Cnxro rope A]on, n monacrtpe oxnap.
Monacrtpcxoe npeanne ornocnr npemx ee nanncannx x X nexy, xo npemenn xnsnn
nacroxrenx onrenn cnxroro Heo]nra.
B 1664 roy nponsomno uyo: mnmo uacro xonnn nnoxn, a uame ncero no cnyxeno
naonocrn xonn rpanesapt no nmenn Hnn. Beuepom, npoxox mnmo nxont c tmxmecx
saxxenno nyunno, Hnn ycntman or nee ronoc: Ha yymee npemx ne npnnnxacx cma
c saxxenno nyunno n ne xonrn Moero opasa. Tpanesapt ne npnan +romy snauennx, n
onaxt neuepom emy nocntmancx ror xe ronoc: Monax, neocront +roro nmenn!
onro nn ree rax esneuno n rax escrtno xonrnrt Mo opas?! Hpn +rnx cnonax Hnn
norepxn spenne. Tpanesapt nan nepe nxono na xonenn n ncm nout, o npnxoa parnn,
monnn Hpeuncrym o npomennn. Hnoxn ysnann, sarennnnn npe ne neyracnmym namnay, a
Hnn, n naexe na nennxoe mnnocepne Foroponnt, pemnn ne orxonrt or nxont o rex
nop, noxa ne nonyunr npomenne n ncnenenne.
uepes nexoropoe npemx on onxrt ycntman snaxomt ronoc: Hnn! Tt npomen, spenne
cnona aercx ouam rnonm. Kora nonyunmt rt +ry mnnocrt or Menx, nosnecrn parnn, uro
nx noxpon, npomtmnenne n samnra nx onrenn, nocnxmenno Apxanrenam. Hycrt onn n
nce npanocnannte xpncrnane opamamrcx xo Mne n nyxax, n ne ocrannm nnxoro; ncem, c
naroronennem xo Mne npnerammnm, yy npecrarentcrno, n monnrnt ncex yyr
ncnonnxemt Ctnom n Forom Monm, pan Moero xoaracrna npe Hnm. C +ro nopt yer
nmenonartcx cnx Mox nxona Cxoponocnymnnnem: cxopym ncem npnrexammnm x ne yy
xnnxrt mnnocrt.
B naroapnocrt Hpeuncro sa Ee noneuenne o Cnxro Iope tno ycranonneno ocooe n
nocroxnnoe uecrnonanne npocnannenno nxont. Cxoponocnymnnna nmeer ocoennym
naroart ncnenxrt nayuym onesnt (+nnnencnm) n ecnonanne. Hpecnxrax Foroponna
ncnonnnna n renept ncnonnxer Cnoe oemanne xnnxer cxopym nomomt n yremenne ncem, c
nepom x He npnrexammnm.
Ha Pycn ncera nontsonannct ontmo nmontm n nounrannem cnncxn c uyornopno
A]oncxo nxont Cxoponocnymnnna. Mnorne ns nnx npocnannnnct uyecamn. B 1938
roy A]oncxax onrent oxnap npnnecna n ap Pyccxo yxonno Mnccnn n Hepycannme
cnncox c uyornopno nxont Foxne Marepn Cxoponocnymnnna.
Hamxrt nxont conepmaercx 22 noxpx (9 noxpx no crap. cr.).

Monnrna
Hpenarocnonennax Bnatunne, Hpncnoeno Foroponne, Fora Cnona naue ncxxaro cnona
na cnacenne name poxmax, n naroart Ero npensonntno naue ncex npnxnmax, mope
xnntmaxcx Foxecrnenntx aponann n uyec npncnorexymax pexa, nsnnnammax narocrt
ncem, c nepom x Tee npnerammnm! uyornopnomy Tnoemy opasy npnnaamme, monnmcx
Tee, Bcemepe Marepn uenonexonmnnaro Bnatxn: ynnn na nac npeorartx mnnocrn
Tnox n npomennx nama, npnnocnmax Tee, Cxoponocnymnnne, ycxopn ncnonnnrn nce, exe
na nontsy no yremenne n cnacenne xoemyxo ycrpoxmmn.
Hocern, Hpenarax, pat Tnox naroarnm Tnoe, noaxt neyrymmnm nenty n
conepmennoe spanne, oypenaemtm rnmnny, nnenenntm cnooy, n pasnnuntmn opast
crpaxymnx yremn. Hsann, Bcemnnocrnnax Iocnoxe, ncxx rpa n crpany or rnaa, xsnt,
rpyca, norona, ornx, meua n nntx xasnn npemenntx n neuntx, Marepnnm Tnonm
epsnonennem ornpamammn rnen Foxn; n ymennaro pascnanennx, oypenannx crpacre
n rpexonaenn cnoon pat Tnox, xxo a nenperxnonenno no ncxxom narouecrnn
noxnnme n cem nene, n n yymem neuntx nar cnoonmcx naroarnm n uenonexonmnem
Ctna Tnoero n Fora, Emyxe nooaer ncxxax cnana, uecrt n noxnonenne co Fesnauantntm
Ero Ornem n Hpecnxrtm yxom, ntne n npncno n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Cxoponocnymnnna n Yuyp1nn
Poccnx, Vmyprnx, r. Bapxan

Hcropnx +ro nxont nauanact n XIX nexe, xora sanounx Mnxann Patrnn pemnn
ornaroapnrt Fora n cenan ontmne noxeprnonannx nx Cnxro ropt A]on. A]oncxn
monacrtpt roxe n onry ne ocrancx n npncnan n naroapnocrt mecrnomy
npenpnnnmarenm nxony Foromarepn Cxoponocnymnnna, na xoropo tno nanncano: B
ap n narocnonenne Patrnny Mnxanny Hnanonnuy or Cnxro ropt A]on. Hxona
Cxoponocnymnnna ocnxmena n xente Cannt Ocnxmennoro. Canna Ocnxmennt xnn na
A]one sa na nexa o +roro cotrnx, re n npocnannncx. C rex nop uro-nno ocnxrnrt nnn
npocro notnart n ero xente cunranoct ontmo uecrtm.
Cnxrtnm Patrnn nonyunn n cnoem ome n Bapxane, re on xnn c omouanamn n
uenxtm. H yxnantno nocne nepno xe noun npetnannx Cxoponocnymnnnt n ome ona
npoxnnna cnom uyornopnym cnny: xpomax or poxennx cnyxanxa Patrnntx na yrpo
oxasanact aconmrno sopono. Hcnenenne npncnyrn cpasy xe cnxsann c noxnnennem
nxont, n cnana o ne nomna no oxpyre. Hanomnnxn n cocennx epennxx crann npoanart
cnon xosxcrna n cennrtcx n Bapxane pxom c patrnncxo cemte rontxo nx roro, urot
xonrt x Cxoponocnymnnne. Mnorne none nee ecrnnrentno ncnenxnnct, nocne uero
myxnxn ns naroapnocrn mnn paorart x sanounxy, a xenmnnt orxptnn rxanxoe
nponsnocrno. B pesyntrare noxpyr +ro nxont opasonanact npanocnannax omnna.
Ho n ro npemx n Bapxane yxe tn npnxo, xoropt cran pennnno ornocnrtcx x nonomy
npanocnannomy opasonannm. Tora Patrnn ornpannxer n Bxrxy npomenne, o paspemennn
emy nosneennx n cene nroporo xpama, xoropt on n crponr pan uyornopno nxont
Foxte Marepn. Hosnee ram tn ocnonan n monacrtpt.
Bo npemx penonmnnn monacrtpt n oa xpama tnn paspyment, a nxona
Cxoponocnymnnna tna nepenecena n Borxnncx ono ns nocnymnnn. Ona nepe
cmeprtm n nepeana nxony camomy crapomy cnxmennnxy norxnncxoro Hpeopaxencxoro
xpama orny Hoanny Foprnnxony. On oeperan ee cnauana n cnoem ome, a sarem nonecnn
Cxoponocnymnnny n xpame, no ona no-npexnemy ocrananact neysnanno.
B 1996 roy mapxancxne nepymmne oprannsonann omnny, xoropax panonaraercx xax pas
n tnmem ome sanounxa Patrnna. Vennmnct n xnsnecnoconocrn mapxancxo
npanocnanno omnnt, norxnncxn cnxmennnx naxonen-ro cnxn co Cxoponocnymnnnt
noxpon rant n n 1999 roy ona, nocne neentnoro npetnannx n Anexcanpo-Hencxom
coope Hxencxa, nepnynact n ror xe om, xya npnmna c A]ona.

Tponapt, rnac 4
K Foroponne npnrenem, cymnn n eax, n cnxre nxone Ex ntne npnnaem, c nepom
sonyme ns rnynnt ymn: cxopo name ycntmn monenne, eno, xxo Cxoponocnymnnna
napexmaxcx. Tee o pat Tnon n nyxax roronym Homomnnny nmamt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Cxoponocnymnnna n Mypoue
Poccnx, r. Mypom, Cnaco-Hpeopaxencxn myxcxo monacrtpt

uyornopnax nxona Foxne Marepn Cxoponocnymnnna tna npnnesena n Mypom co
cnxro ropt A]on n XIX nexe. Ona tna nomemena n Cnaco-Hpeopaxencxn myxcxo
monacrtpt, camt pennn no npemenn ocnonannx myxcxo monacrtpt na reppnropnn
Poccnn. Mypomcxn opas xnnxercx cnncxom c A]oncxo nxont.
Hxona Cxoponocnymnnnt naxt cnococrnonana noccranonnennm Cnaco-
Hpeopaxencxoro monacrtpx: n xonne XIX nexa n n xonne XX nexa. B 1878 roy monacrtpt
nonnocrtm pasopnncx, no nnoxn c Iopt A]on npncnann n Mypom uyornopnt opas
Foxne Marepn Cxoponocnymnnna. 3ro cnococrnonano cxopomy noccranonnennm
onrenn.
B 1918 roy monacrtpt tn saxptr. Bospoxenne ero nauanoct c 1995 roa, nyxno tno
noccosanart xpamt, ounmart n nepecrpannart reppnropnm nocne npetnannx sect
nonncxo uacrn. Hent ro necxontxo monaxon no rnane co cnonm nrymenom Knpnnnom
monnnnct n rpynnnct n xpane rxxentx ycnonnxx. B ro npemx onrenn tna nosnpamena
nxona Cxoponocnymnnna, n monacrtpt nauan tcrpo noccranannnnartcx. Bce +ro
rpeonano nemantx cpecrn, no noxnnnnct menenart, a norom monacrtpt cran onexart
Honeunrentcxn coner.
uyornopnax nxona Foxne Marepn Cxoponocnymnnna crana ono ns camtx
nmnmtx n nounraemtx nxon Mypoma. Ouent mnorne nosnaramr naexy na cxopoe
npecrarentcrno n nomomt Foroponnt uepes Ee uyornopnt opas.
Onaxt x nrymeny Knpnnny npnmna xenmnna n cxasana, uro ee ctn es necrn nponan n
ueune. Ona xorena ysnart, xax e monnrtcx o cnoem ctne sa spanne nnn sa ynoxo.
Hacroxrent ornernn sa spanne. Xenmnna ocranact na cnyxy, na xoropo monnrna o
spannn tna npounrana rpnxt. uepes nexoropoe npemx npnmno nsnecrne, uro ctn norn,
tna nponeena nororonxa x noxoponam, no neoxnanno ctn nent n nenpenmt
nosnparnncx ns ueuencxoro nnena. O +rom uye ysnan nect ropo. C rex nop mnorne
nonopannt n xonrpaxrnnxn, ornpannxxct n ueunm, nyr nomonnrtcx Cnernomy Opasy.
Hecxontxo noenntx, paccxastnann o rom, xax onn nonaann n crpamnte cnryannn n sacat
n ueune, no uyom Heecnte Cnnt coxpanxnn nm xnsnt. Hmn ntxonnn ns saca,
nosnpamannct ns nnena.
Bnpoxo nsnecren n pyro cnyua nomomn Foroponnt. Ono xenmnne npecroxnn
cnoxnte pot. Bpaun pemnnn enart xecapeno ceuenne, no n nocnenne nepe poamn nn
ntxcnnnoct, uro onepannm ona ne nepenecer. Cnryannx tna xpnrnuecxax, n ryr xenmnne
noconeronann oparnrtcx x Cxoponocnymnnne. Ona ncxpenne monnnact nepe nxono, a
n sanepmennn cnxna c cex oporne yxpamennx n noapnna nx Cnxromy Opasy. uepes
necxontxo ne xenmnna camocroxrentno n ycnemno (es onepannn) pasponnact
sopontm mantmom.
K nxone npnxoxr monnrtcx o soponte. Onaxt n monacrtpt npnnenn xenmnny,
xoropax ns-sa penmarnuecxn one ne morna nepennrartcx es nomomn. Bo npemx cnyxt
ee oxponnnn cnxro not, nomasann macnom ns namnat nepe uyornopno nxono
Cxoponocnymnnna. Hocne orocnyxennx ontnax ncrana n, camocroxrentno noox x
cnxrtne, nonaroapnna Bnatunny.
B noxpe 2005 roa, sa neenm o npasnonannx nx nxont Cxoponocnymnnna, n ono
cemte cnyunnoct necuacrte. V nexo xenmnnt Hmmnnt out uyrt ne nnmnnact rnasa. (B
mxone na nepemene cnepcrnnx e yronn n rnas yap tn cnntnemn) enouxy cpouno
ynesnn n Moposoncxym ercxym xnnnnxy. Or snaxomtx npaue ponrenn ysnann: nosmoxno
orcnoenne ceruarxn, norepx spennx.
Hpnopt noxastnann nnyrpennne xpononsnnxnne. Honoxenne tno nourn esnaexnoe.
Hmmnna uacro nocemana Cnaccxn monacrtpt, opas Cxoponocnymnnnt c neannnx nop
cran ee nmnmtm opasom. 3rn nn mart ycepno monnnact sa ouxy, crox na xonenxx
nepe nxono. Xenmnna noxynana manentxne opasa, npnxnatnana nx c monnrno x
ontmo uyornopno nxone, a n Mocxne apnna +rn opasa nmxm, nyxammnmcx n
nomomn. Cnoe ouepn n xnnnnxy ona roxe ana nxonxy. Foroponna ycntmana monnrny
xenmnnt. Vxe na rpern ent npaun xoncrarnponann norpxcammne ynyumenne.
B ent nxont Cxoponocnymnnnt enouxy ntnncann ns ontnnnt. 3a cemt ne rnas
npnmen npaxrnuecxn n nopmy. Fnaroapnax Hmmnna nocrannna Foroponne cneuy.
Hmn npnxoxr n onrent monnrtcx no ncex nyxax, mnorne nonyuamr noepxxy,
ycnoxoenne, ncnenenne. Homomt n uyeca, noanaemte or cnxro nxont, pasnoopasnt n
nopo nenpecxasyemt. Hanpnmep, y ono npnxoxanxn n reuenne necxontxnx mecxnen ne
uepcrnen n ne noxptnancx nnecentm xycouex ocnemennoro nacxantnoro Mypomcxoro
xynnua. Mecrnt mponnt Cnanxa Hpxnnx, nsnecrnt rem, uro snmo cnnr na cnery
oxono nopor xpama n uro naxny nnnr neuncrtx yxon, rpenerno saornrcx o uyornopno
nxone n ncxpenne cnyxnr e. B monacrtpt uacro npnxoxr esomnte, ern n nopocrxn,
pomennte n ocrannennte es onexn. Fparnx monacrtpx npnnnmaer necuacrntx n aer
neoxonmym nepnym nomomt n noepxxy, es xoropo nenosmoxno nauart nonym
npannntnym xnsnt.

Konax, rnac 8
B mopn xnrecrem oypenaemnn, rpenonnennm nonaaem crpacre n ncxymenn.
Hoaxt yo nam, Iocnoxe, pyxy nomomn, xxoxe Herponn Ctn Tno, n ycxopn or e
nsannrn nt, a sonem Tn: paycx, Bcenarax Cxoponocnymnnne.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Ipysnncxan
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Hepxont Cnxro Tponnt n Hnxnrnnxonom nepeynxe

uyornopnax nxona Foxne Marepn Ipysnncxax naxonrcx n Kpacnoropcxom
monacrtpe Apxanrentcxo enapxnn. Tount cnnmox c +ro nxont naxonrcx n Mocxne, n
nepxnn Cnxro Tponnt, uro nns Bapnapnncxnx nopor.
O nxone Ipysnncxo Foxne Marepn nsnecrno cneymmee. Kora nepcncxn max
Aac n 1622 roy nnennn rpysnncxym semnm, ro nepct saxnarnnn ram mnoro cnxmenntx
neme n n uncne nx pnsy Iocnonm n uyornopnym nxony Ipysnncxo Foromarepn. Pnsy
Iocnonm max Aac nonec n ap Harpnapxy unnapery. A n 1623 roy Ipysnncxym nxony
Foromarepn xynnn y nepcon tnmn n Hepcnn no roprontm enam npnxasunx xpocnancxoro
xynna Ipnropnx Htrxnna Cre]an Hasapen. B +ro npemx Htrxnn n pocnanne nonyunn no
cne orxponenne or Fora o paronennocrn, npnoperenno Cre]anom, n npnxasanne
ornpannrt ee n Kpacnoropcxn myxcxo monacrtpt Apxanrentcxo enapxnn.
Ho nosnpamennn Cre]ana na ponny Htrxnn c paocrtm ncrpernn cnxrym nxony n c
uecrtm npononn ee n nnncxne npeent, n uepnoropcxym onrent, nocrpoennym na rope,
noxptro pemyunmn necamn, oruero c pennnx npemen ona nastnanact uepno ropo.
Bnocnecrnnn monacrtpt tn nepenmenonan n Kpacnoropcxn. Bmecre c nxono Ipnropn
npnnec snaunrentnte noxeprnonannx na yxpamennx cnxrtnn. Orcma nomnn n ee cnncxn.
Hcropnx urnmtx cnncxon c nxont Ipysnncxo Foxne Marepn cnanno ononnxer
npeanne o camom uyornopnom opase. Mnorouncnennte uyeca n ncnenennx or cnxrtnn
nonnrnn narouecrnntx xnrene ropoa Mocxnt cenart rounte xonnn c nxont, rpn ns
xoroptx nnocnecrnnn npocnannnnct uyornopennxmn.
Hepnt cnncox naxonncx n xpame Xnnonauantno Tponnt n Hnxnrnnxax nns
Bapnapcxnx nopor. On tn cenan n 1654 roy, xora Ipysnncxax nxona tna npnnecena na
nexoropoe npemx ns rora eme uepnoropcxoro monacrtpx n Mocxny nx nononnennx
xnnonncn n tna nocrannena n Tponnxo nepxnn n Hnxnrnnxax. B +ro npemx ona tna
npnnecena nx monecrnnx n om rxxxo onxmero npnxoxannna xpama, Ianpnnna
Enoxnmona, xoropt ryr xe nonyunn ncnenenne. B naroapnocrt sa ncnenenne +ror
uenonex saxasan cnncox c Ipysnncxo nxont, xoropt ncxope raxxe npocnannncx
uyornopennxmn n c rex nop nontsonancx ycepntm nounrannem cpen xnrene Mocxnt.
Bropo cnncox npnnanexan Anexceencxomy xencxomy monacrtpm, naxonnmemycx na
mecre xpama Xpncra Cnacnrenx. B 1655 roy n Mocxne n oxpecrnocrxx ropoa orxptnact
cmepronocnax xsna. Ona monaxnnx Anexceencxoro monacrtpx, sapaxennax +ro onesntm,
oparnnact c monnrnom x Foromarepn, npocx Ee o ncnenennn. Bcnomnnn o uyornopno
Ipysnncxo nxone, naxonnmecx na Bapnapcxo ynnne, ona xorena npnnecrn ee n
monacrtpt, no cenart +ro tno nexomy. uepes xaxoe-ro npemx +ro cecrpe tno nnenne
nensnecrnoro monaxa, xoropo cxasan e: 3auem nt neuannrect o rom, uro ne moxere
npnnecrn x cee Ipysnncxym nxony Foxne Marepn? V nac n monacrtpe, n nemepe, ecrt
rouno raxax xe nxona, ortmnre ee n ynnnre na cee mnnocrt Foxnm. uepes +ry nxony
yer ncnenenne ne rontxo nam, no n mnornm pyrnm nmxm. Cecrpt, xoroptm monaxnnx
paccxasana o cnoem nnennn, onro neoymenann, uro +ro sa nemepa, xoropym nasnan
crapen, noxa, naxonen, n nepxonno pnsnnne ne ynnenn ycrpoennt n crene, nanoone
nemept, mxa] nx xpanennx nepxonntx xnnr n orocnyxeno yrnapn. Tam onn n namnn
Ipysnncxym nxony Foromarepn, or xoropo ncxope nponsomno npexpamenne cmepronocno
onesnn ne rontxo n onrenn, no n no nce Mocxne.
Tpern cnncox naxonncx n xpame Hoxpona Foxne Marepn na Boponnonom none. uyeca
or +ro nxont cnncxann e narouecrnnoe nounranne xax n npocrom napoe, rax n cpen
ntcouamnx oco. Hsnecrnt nocemennx opasa Hmneparpnne Anno Hoannonno,
Iocyapem Hmneparopom Anexcanpom Hepntm. B nacroxmee npemx +ror cnxro opas c
narocnonennx Cnxremero Harpnapxa Anexcnx II naxonrcx n xpame cnxrnrenx Maprnna
Hcnonennxa na Fontmo Anexceencxo (ntne Fontmo Kommynncrnuecxo) ynnne, n
npnene Ipysnncxo nxont Foxne Marepn. B 1658 roy, no yxasy napx n narocnonennm
Harpnapxa Hnxona, ycranonneno uyornopno Ipysnncxo nxone npasnecrno 22 anrycra
(no crap. cr.). B rpamore 1698 roa ronopnrcx: upes opas Ipysnncxn Hpecnxrax
Foroponna n npexe n ntne rnopnr mnorne uyeca n ncnenennx npnxoxmnm c nepom.
Hpasnonanne nxone ycranonneno 4 cenrxpx (22 anrycra no crap. cr.).

Tponapt nxone Foxne Marepn Ipysnncxax (Kpacnoropcxax), rnac 4
nect cnerno xpacyercx onrent Kpacnoropcxax, n c nem nnxoncrnyer Pan]cxax nycrtnx,
xxo sapm conneunym, or nocroxa noscnxnmym, nocnpnmmn, Bnatunne, uyornopnym
Tnom nxony, emxe pasronxemn mrny ncxymenn n e or nonnmmnx nepno: nsann onrent
namy n ncx crpant xpncrnancxnx or ncex naner npaxnnx n cnacn ymn nama, xxo
Mnnocepnax 3acrynnnna poa xpncrnancxoro.

Monnrna
Hpnnmn, Bcenaromomnax Hpeuncrax Iocnoxe Bnatunne Foroponrentnnne, cnx
uecrntx apt or nac, neocrontx paon Tnonx, x Tnoemy nentonocnomy opasy nenne
nosctnammnx co ymnnennem, xxo Tee Camo cyme ry n nocnymamme monennx nama n
noammn c nepom npocxmnm no xoemyxo npomennm n ncnonnenne: cxopxmnm cxopn
oneruaemn, nemomntm spanne apyemn, paccnanenntx n neyxntx ncnenxemn n or
ecntx ect nporonnmn, onnmtx or on nsannxemn, n nacnnyemtx cnacaemn,
rpemntx npomaemn, npoxaxenntx ounmaemn n mantx ere mnnyemn, n nennontx or
nennocrna paspemaemn. Eme, Iocnoxe Bnanunne, or ys n remnnn cnooxaemn n ncxxnx
mnoropasnnuntx crpacrn ncnenxemn n ountx onesnn ynpauyemn n or cmepronocntx xsnt
nsannxemn: ncx o nosmoxna cyrt xoaracrnom Tnonm x Ctny Tnoemy, Xpncry Fory
namemy. O ncenerax Marn, Hpeuncrax Foroponne! He npecra monnrn o nac neocrontx
pa Tnonx, cnanxmnx Tx n nounrammnx, n noxnonxmmnxcx Hpeuncromy opasy Tnoemy, n
naexy nmymnx nenosnparny, n nepy necymnenny, x Tee Hpncnoene, npecnanne n
nenopouno, cnanxmnx n urymnx, n nommnx Tx no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Ipysnncxan n Panqcxou Boroponnxou uonac1mpe
Poccnx, Tarapcran, 3enenoontcxn p-n, noc. Pan]a, Pan]cxn Foroponnxn myxcxo
monacrtpt

Inanno cnxrtne Pan]cxo nycrtnn tna uyornopnax Ipysnncxax nxona Foxte
Marepn, npnnesennax ns Hepcnn n 1623 roy. K cepenne XVII nexa Ipysnncxax Hxona
Foxne Marepn tna nectma nounraema, ee nocnnn no pasntm poccncxnm ropoam c
xpecrntmn xoamn, n xasancxn mnrpononnr Hanpenrn, nacntmannt, o ne, ntpan
nyumero nxononncna, nocnan ero n uepnoropcxym onrent cnxrt c uyornopno nxont
xonnm, ro ecrt cnncox, xoropt n tn ocrannen n Pan]cxym onrent xpecrntm xoom
camnm mnrpononnrom n conponoxennn ntcmnx ropocxnx unnon Kasann n mnoxecrna
napoa.
Kax nonecrnymr crapnnnte monacrtpcxne npeannx, yxe no npemx nepenecennx nxont ns
Kasann n Pan]cxym nycrtnt crann nponcxonrt uyecnte ncnenennx: cnentm
nosnpamanoct spenne, ecnymmnmcx npnxonno ounmenne, a xpomte nonyuann
ncnpannenne.
Opas ocoenno npocnannncx n ropoe Cnnxxcxe n ero oxpecrntx cenennxx, xya nxony,
no npocte xnrene, uacro npnnocnnn nx conepmennx monenon n xpecrntx xoon.
Hpeanne coxpannno nx nac onn ynnnrentnt cnyua, nponsomemn n epenne
Bacnnteno 24 nmnx 1830 roa: B ror camt ent, xora nxona tna nocnma ns oma n om
n nponcxonno monecrno o oxe, nnesanno namna yxacnax ryua. Hponnn cnntnt oxt
c rpaom, n x ynnnennm ncex xnrene, es manemero npea na nx nonxx nocexnnomy
xney, mexy rem, xax xpynnt rpa n neotxnonennom xonnuecrne n nennunne naan nns
none n necy, rax uro ornamtnannct penecnte nernn..
Exerono 13 anrycra nxona Foxne Marepn Ipysnncxax c ontmo ropxecrnennocrtm
nepenocnrcx n conponoxennn xpecrnoro xoa n ropo Cnnxxcx, re opas naxonrcx n
reuenne 20 ne.

Monnrna npenoonoro Hnna Copcxoro x nxone Foxne Marepn Ipysnncxax
O Hpecnxrax Bnatunne mox Foroponne, Anrenon n Apxanrenon, Xepynnmon n
Cepa]nmon Hpeuecrnemax, ncex cnxrtx Hpecnxremax, eno Marn Foxnx! Cnacn mx,
cmnpennaro n rpemnaro paa Tnoero. Tt o necn, Bcemnnocrnnax Iocnoxe, xxo ncm mom
naexy no Fose na Tx nosnaram, n necrt mn nnaro npnexnma cnacnrentnaro, roxmo Tt,
Bcenarax. Tt mox xpenocrt, Bnatunne, Tt mox n cnna, Tt moe paonanne n cxopex, Tt
moe npncrannme no ncxymennnx, Tt moe ncnpannenne n naennnx, Tt n cnacenne moe
ncenaexnoe, o Marn 3nxnrenx n Iocnoa moero! Homosn mn, nnanammemy n nyunne
xnrnx cero, nmre oypenaemomy n ecrnymmemy or noronnennx rpexonnaro. axt mn
pyxy nomomn, Homomnnne mox, n nsann mx or rnmennx rnynnt, a ne norpxsny n esne
oruaxnnx; ypx o rpexon n crpacre noscra na mx, n nonnt essaxonn norpyxamr mx. Ho
Tt, Mnnocepax Marn, no npncrannme escrpacrnx nacrann n cnacn mx, esnaexntx
Haexo n Xoaranne cnacennx moero.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Bcenapnna
A]on, monacrtpt Barone
urnmte cnncxn: Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Kpecrtxncxax nnomat, 10, Honocnaccxn monacrtpt
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, yn. Kpacnocentcxax, xpam ncex Cnxrtx tnmero Hono-Anexceencxoro
monacrtpx
Poccnx, r. Exarepnnypr, yn. Hoxonax, 2, Hpeopaxencxn xpam
Vxpanna, Kptm, r. Faxuncapa, yn. Focenxo, 57a, Faxuncapacxn Cnxro-Vcnencxn
myxcxo monacrtpt

uyornopnax nxona Bcenapnna naxonrcx n Ipennn na Cnxro rope A]on nosne
nocrouno xononnt coopnoro xpama Baronecxo onrenn. Hanncana n XVII nexe n
xnnnact narocnonennem nsnecrnoro na A]one crapna Hocn]a Hcnxacra cnonm yuennxam.
Coxpannncx paccxas npncnonamxrnoro crapna o +ro nxone.
Hepnoe uyo nponsomno n XVII nexe. Onaxt nepe nxono Foxte Marepn
Bcenapnna noxnnncx crpannt uenonex. On croxn, uro-ro nennxrno opmoua. H npyr
nnno Foroponnt necnyno, noono monnnn, n xaxax-ro nennnmax cnna pocnna
monooro uenonexa na semnm. Tontxo on npnmen n cex, xax cpasy ornpannncx
ncnoneonartcx ornam co cnesamn na rnasax, uro on xnn anexo or Fora, sannmancx marne
n npnmen n monacrtpt, urot nponepnrt cnom cnny na cnxrtx nxonax. uyornopnoe
nmemarentcrno Foroponnt yenno monooro uenonexa nsmennrt cnom xnsnt n crart
narouecrnntm. On ncnennncx or ymennoro neyra n nocne +roro ocrancx na A]one.
Tax +ra nxona nnepnte npoxnnna cnom uyornopnym cnny na uenonexe, oepxnmom
ecamn (sanxrnx oxxyntrnsmom ncera npnnonr x oepxnmocrn). Hosxe crann sameuart,
uro +ra nxona oxastnaer narornopnoe nnnxnne n na ontntx c pasnnuntmn
snoxauecrnenntmn onyxonxmn. B XVII nexe ona nnepnte tna cnncana rpeuecxnm monaxom
n nocrenenno crana nsnecrna no ncem mnpe xax ncnennrentnnna paxontx saonenann. Camo
nmx nxont Bcerocnoxa, Bcenonennrentnnna ronopnr o ee ocoo, nceoemnmme cnne.
Bnepnte xnnn cnom uyornopnym cnny npornn nonmentx uap a net nonxonanne,
ynneuenne marne n npounmn oxxyntrntmn nayxamn pacnpocrpannnoct no
Xpncrnancxomy mnpy noono paxono onyxonn, Bcenapnna nmeer naroart ncnenxrt
crpamnemym ns onesne conpemennoro uenoneuecrna. B nacroxmee npemx mnoxarcx
cnnerentcrna o uyecax, nponcxoxmnx no monnrne nepe +ro nxono Foroponnt.
B Hono-Anexceencxoro monacrtpe Mocxnt naxonrcx cnncox c uyornopno nxont ns
A]oncxoro Baronecxoro monacrtpx. B 19961997 roax y nero sa]nxcnponant cnyuan
nsneuennx or paxa.
Eme onn cnncox naxonrcx n Exarepnnypre n Hpeopaxencxom xpame. Ero nacroxrent,
nporonepe oren Hnxona Hamx, no npemx cnoe nanomnnuecxo noesxn no cnxrtm
mecram Hanecrnnt n A]ona n 1996 roy pemnn cenart nx cnoero noccranannnnaemoro
xpama xopomn cnncox c nxont Bcenapnna. Bcxope xonnx tna nanncana n n rom xe
roy nocrannena n xpame n pesnom xnore. Bcxope crann npononrtcx exeneentnte
monnrnt n axa]ncrt. A sarem noxnnnnct nepnte nnctma ncnennnmnxcx or paxa n cencnca.
Hacroxrent xpannr nx, xax nennuamym nennocrt. Fyer nn exarepnnyprcxn cnncox
Bcenapnnt xora-nnyt npocnannen, xax uyornopnt, noxa rpyno npornosnponart, no
nmenno n neycranntx n ropxunx monnrnax nepymmne ntcxastnamr cnoe ynonanne na
nomomt Hapnnt Heecno.
B Vxpanne n Faxuncapacxn Cnxro-Vcnencxn monacrtpe naxonrcx eme onn cnncox
uyornopno a]oncxo nxont Bcenapnna (Hanranecca), nmemmn naroarnoe Foxne
aponanne npnnonrt x noxaxnnm n npasymnxrt uapoeen, xonynon, +xcrpacencon, a raxxe
ncnenxrt rxxente onesnn.

Tponapt, rnac 4
Opasom paocrornopntm uecrntx Bcenapnnt, xenannem renntm nstcxammnx
naroarn Tnoex, cnacn, Bnatunne; nsann or ocroxnn x Tee npnerammnx, or ncxxnx
nanacrn orpan crao Tnoe, x sacrynnennm Tnoemy nstnammee npncno.

Monnrna nepnax
O, Bcenarax, ocrouynax Foroponne, Hanranacca, Bcenapnne! Hecmt ocronn a
nnnemn no xpon mo! Ho xxo mnnocrnnaro Fora nmonaroyrponax Marn pnt cnono, a
ncnennrcx yma mox n yxpennrcx nemomecrnymmee reno moe. Hmamn o epxany
nenoenmym, n ne nsnemoxer y Tee ncxx rnaron, o Bcenapnne! Tt sa mx ynpocn, Tt sa mx
ymonn. a npocnannxm npecnannoe Tnoe nmx ncera, ntne n n esxoneuntx nexn. Amnnt.

Monnrna nropax
O Hpeuncrax Foromarn, Bcenapnne! Vcntmn mnoroonesnennoe nostxanne name npe
uyornopnom nxonom Tnoem, ns yena A]oncxoro n Poccnm npenecennom, npnspn na ua
Tnonx, nencnentntmn neyrn crpaxymnx, xo cnxromy opasy Tnoemy c nepom
npnnaammnx! xoxe nrnna xpnnoma noxptnaer nrennt cnox, raxo n Tt ntne, npncno
xnna cymn, noxpt nac mnoronenentm Tnonm omo]opom. Tamo, nexe naexa ncuesaer,
necymnennom naexom yn. Tamo, nexe nmrtx cxopn npenosmoramr, Tepnennem n
Ocnaom xnncx. Tamo, nexe mpax oruaxnnx n ymn ncenncx, a noscnxer nenspeuennt
cner Foxecrna!
Manoymntx yremn, nemomntx yxpenn, oxecrouenntm cepnam ymxruenne n
npocnemenne apy. Hcnenn onxmnx nmn Tnox, o ncemnnocrnnax Hapnne! Vm n pyxn
npauymmnx nac narocnonn; a nocnyxar opynem Bcemomnoro Bpaua Xpncra Cnaca
namero. xo xnne Tn cyme c namn monnmcx npe nxonom Tnoem, o Bnatunne! Hpocrpn
pyne Tnon, ncnonnenntx ncnenennx n npaut, Paocre cxopxmnx, n neuanex Vremenne, a
uyornopnym nomomt cxopo nonyunn, npocnannxem Xnnonauantnym n Hepasentnym
Tponny, Orna n Ctna n Cnxraro yxa no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Kosentmancxan
Vxpanna, uepxaccxax on., Kpacnoropcxn Hoxponcxn xencxn monacrtpt

Kosentmancxax nxona Foxne Marepn npnnanexnr x uncny nxon nosnemnx no
npemenn npocnannennx (1881 r.) n nmecre c rem x uncny nanonee nounraemtx. Hxona +ra
nrantxncxoro nponcxoxennx n tna npnnesena n Poccnm ono ns npnnopntx
nmneparpnnt Ennsanert Herponnt (17411761). Bnaennna nxont ntmna samyx sa nncapx
3anopoxcxoro nocxa Cnpomaxy. Tax nxona nonana na Vxpanny. B XIX nexe ona
npnnanexana poy Kannncron n tna nx cemeno cnxrtne. Hxona naxonnact n cene
Kosentmnne Honrancxo ryepnnn.
B 1880 roy out B. H. Kannncra, Mapnx, saonena. B norax, a norom no ncemy reny tnn
nonpexent cycrant, nosnonounnx, uro npnunnxno cnntnym ont. Ponrenn enymxn
opamannct x nsnecrnemnm oxropam, xoropte saxnnnn, uro nnuero ne moryr cenart c
nenonxrno onesntm. Ponrenn n enymxa yxe oruannannct n cnacennn.
Heoxnanno npecrannnact nosmoxnocrt oparnrtcx x nomomn sarpannunoro
npo]eccopa, npnesxanmero n Mocxny. o ero npnesa Mapnx c mareptm xnnn n epenne.
Haxanyne oresa n Mocxny, ontnax enymxa pemnna npocnrt nomomn y Foroponnt
uepes Ee nxony Kosentmancxax. Hxona +ra nsanna tna nsnecrna xax uyornopnax. Ho
npeannm, ona ocoenno nomorana enymxam, npneranmnm x ne c monto ycrponrt
cemenoe cuacrte. Hpn +rom ycranonnncx otua, urot monxmncx uncrnn pnsy na nxone,
npornpax ee naro nnn nonorennem. Hpnxan x rpyn cnxrym nxony, ontnax, c nomomtm
marepn, nporepna ee n ncm rxxecrt neyra, cxopt n oruaxnne ymn nsnnna npe nnxom
Foxne Marepn. H ycepnax, nnamennax monnrna ontno enouxn tna ycntmana. Ona
cpasy nouyncrnonana cnny n pyxax n norax n rpomxo saxpnuana: Mama! mama! x uyncrnym
norn! Mama, x uyncrnym pyxn. Hemenenno npnrnamen tn npnxocxo cnxmennnx n npe
opasom Foxne Marepn tn conepmen naroapcrnennt moneen.
Bmecre c nxono mart n out noexann n Mocxny. Cnyx o ncnenennn tcrpo
pacnpocrpannncx no ropoy n napo cran crexartcx cnauana n nomep rocrnnnnt, a norom n
nepxont, xya nepenecnn nxony. Or nxont nponsomno eme necxontxo ncnenenn. 23 anpenx
1881 roa nxona tna nepenecena n cnennantno ycrpoennym npemennym uaconnm, na mecre
xoropo nnocnecrnnn tn nocrpoen xpam n oprannsonan monacrtpt.
B nacroxmee npemx Kosentmancxax nxona Foxne Marepn naxonrcx n Kpacnoropcxom
Hoxponcxom xencxom monacrtpe (Knencxax enapxnx). Kosentmancxo nxone Foxne
Marepn cocrannena cnyxa n axa]ncr. 3ro nxone-monxrcx npn pasnnuntx renecntx
nonpexennxx, rpanmax. Hamxrt conepmaercx 21 ]enpanx (6 ]enpanx no crap. cr.).

Tponapt, rnac 4
Becenncx, semne Honrancxax n nce Oreuecrno name npanocnannoe, ce o xxo cnerosapnoe
connne, xnncx npeuynax nxona Tnox, Hpenarocnonennax Foromarn, mnp osapxmmn
mnoxecrnom uyec Tnonx, remn yo operaem xxe na semnn, ncx narax n nonesnax, n
cymnx, xxe na Heecn, coxponnm cnoonxemcx. Cero pan nonnem Tn: paycx, Hoxnano
nama npncnonoxnanxemax, cnacn nt, monxmnxcx Tee, ennax Haexo n Paonanne neunoe
nommnx Tx.

Monnrna
Foroponne eno, Hpenenopounax Marn Xpncra Fora namero, 3acrynnnne ncero poa
xpncrnancxoro! uyornopne nxone Tnoe naroronene npecroxme, monnm Tx: ycntmn
nac monxmnxcx Tee, npnnmn naroapennx nama neocronax o ncex nenspeuenntx Tnonx
x nam naroexnnxx, n mecre cem n no mnornx necxx n rpaex semnn Poccncxnx xnnenntx n
xnnxemtx. Tt o ecn ontntx ncnenenne, cxopxmnx yremenne, sanyxmnx ncnpannenne
n npasymnenne. Fyn ncem nam noxpon n yremenne, npncrannme or ncxxnx son, e n
ocroxnn, or rnaa, rpyca, norona, ornx, meua, namecrnnx nnonnemennnx, cmepronocntx
xsnt n or sntx uenonex osnonennx.
O, Hpemnnocepax Marn, yn npncno monnrnennnna nmneonntnax o narocroxnnn
cnxraro xpama cero, o mnpe n rnmnne xnrentcrna omnnt cex, yxpenn n noepxn
cnxmennoecrnymmnx n cnyxamnx no cnxrem xpame cem; ocenn nceepxanntm noxponom
Tnonm crponrenn n narornopnrenn cnxraro xpama cero, nosaxt nm neuntmn apt
mepor Tnonx; sacrynn or ncxxnx nanacrn n coxpann c nepom n naroronennem
npnrexammnx x uyornopne nxone Tnoe n monxmnxcx Tee c nmonnm se n na ncxxom
mecre. Bosnecn monnrnt nama, xxo xanno narononnoe, xo
Hpecrony Bcentmnxro, apymmaro nam spanne, onroencrnne n n rpyex
narouecrnntx nocnemenne, a Tnonm oxopmnennem ynpannxemn n noxponom Tnonm
ocenxemn, npocnannm Orna, Ctna n Cnxraro yxa n Tnoe Marepnee o nac sacrynnenne,
ncera, ntne n npncno n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn yencxan (Kpacnoropcxan) (ynnxan)
Vxpanna, uepxaccxax on., Kpacnoropcxn Hoxponcxn xencxn monacrtpt

Hxona Foroponnt, nounraemax n Pyccxo Hpanocnanno Hepxnn uyornopno.
Hpasnonanne nxone conepmaercx n ent Hpenononennx Hxrnecxrnnnt n 7 ]enpanx (25
xnnapx no crap. cr.).
Hxona nponcxonr ns Kpacnoropcxoro Hoxponcxoro monacrtpx n tna, no npeannm,
operena n XVII nexe nncxme na ye or uero n nonyunna cnoe nasnanne yencxax. Hxony
nepenecnn n nepxont Ieoprnx Hoeonocna, a nosnee n epenxnnt Hoxponcxn coop
(16801687 rot). B nem nxona tna nonemena na napcxnmn nparamn n nontsonanact
ocotm nounranne, or nee nponcxonnn mnorouncnennte uyeca.
Hxona yuacrnonana n exeronom xpecrnom xoe 24 anrycra ee nocnnn noxpyr
monacrtpcxo ropt c urennem axa]ncra nxone Foxne Marepn Bcex cxopxmnx Paocrt.
B uecrt uyec, nponsomemnx or +ro nxont, cnacennx monacrtpx or noxapa n +nnemnn
ocnt e tno ycranonneno npasnonanne n ent Hpenononennx Hxrnecxrnnnt.
25 mapra 1922 roa Kpacnoropcxn monacrtpt tn saxptr. B 1923 roy ero nxont,
nxnmuax yencxym, n nepxonnax yrnapt nocrynnnn n myse ropoa 3onoronomn. C nxono
paorana xomnccnx Iocyapcrnennoro xomnrera oxpant namxrnnxon crapnnt, xyntrypt n
npnpot n 2 oxrxpx 1925 roa em yencxax nxona no apxeonornuecxomy n
xyoxecrnennomy snauennm tna nsxra na yuer n no oxpany. Hxony nepeann
saneymmemy nearornuecxnm rexnnxymom A. H. enncenxo, xoropt npemenno ncnonnxn
oxsannocrn saneymmero 3onoronomcxoro mysex. Hocne +roro ncropnx yencxo nxont
nensnecrna, no ono nepcnn ona nornna npn +naxyannn mysentx ]onon n nepno
Bennxo Oreuecrnenno nont, no pyro xpannrcx n uacrnom xpanennn. Coxpannnact
nnrorpa]nx opnrnnana nxont, cenannax n nauane XX nexa.
Hsnecrno necxontxo cnncxon yencxo nxont. na ns nnx naxoxrcx n Kpacnoropcxom
monacrtpe. Hepnt neontmo opas n xnore na cenepno crene nepxnn Hoxpona
Hpecnxro Foroponnt; camt pannn ns nsnecrntx arnponanntx cnncxon nxont,
nanncannt cornacno nanncn na nxone n 1864 roy. On tn naen n sapomennom ome n
oxpecrnocrxx Bonort n npnnesen n monacrtpt n 2004 roy. Cnncox nmeer sananopyccxoe
nponcxoxenne n ornnuaercx or opnrnnana oexamn Xpncra n Foroponnt. Ero n ent
Hpenononennx Hxrnecxrnnnt nponocxr xpecrntm xoom no monacrtpcxnm nomemennxm c
urennem axa]ncra Foxne Marepn.

Tponapt Foroponne, rnac 4 (ns Kanona xo Hpecnxro Foroponne, rnopennx ueocrnpnxra
monaxa)
Cnana Orny, n Ctny, n Cnxromy yxy, n ntne, n npncno, n no nexn nexon. He ymonunm
nnxora, Foroponne, cnnt Tnox rnaronarn, neocronnn: ame o Tt ne t npecroxna
monxmn, xro t nac nsannn or ronnxnx e, xro xe t coxpannn o ntne cnoont? He
orcrynnm, Bnatunne, or Tee: Tnox o pat cnacaemn npncno or ncxxnx nmrtx.

Crnxnpa, rnac 6 (ns roro xe Kanona)
He nnepn mx uenoneuecxomy npecrarentcrny, Hpecnxrax Bnatunne, no npnnmn monenne
paa Tnoero: cxopt o oepxnr mx, repnern ne mory emoncxaro crpenxnnx, noxpona ne
nmam, nnxe re npnerny, oxaxnnt, ncera noexaemt, n yremennx ne nmam, pasne Tee,
Bnatunne mnpa, ynonanne n npecrarentcrno nepntx, ne npespn monenne moe, nonesno
cornopn.

Monnrna xo Hpecnxro Foroponne
Hapnne mox Hpenarax, naexo mox Foroponne, npnxrennme cnptx n crpanntx
npecrarentnnne, cxopxmnx paocre, onnmtx noxponnrentnnne! 3pnmn mom ey,
spnmn mom cxopt, nomosn mn xxo nemomny, oxopmn mx xxo crpanna. Ony mom necn,
paspemn ry, xxo nonnmn: xxo ne nmam nntx nomomn pasne Tee, nn nntx
Hpecrarentnnnt, nn narnx Vremnrentnnnt, roxmo Tee, o Foromarn, xxo a coxpannmn
mx n noxptemn no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Tpoepyunna
A]on, monacrtpt Xnnanap

Tpoepyunna +ro ona ns camtx npocnannenntx n mnpoxo nounraemtx n
npanocnannom mnpe uyornopntx nxon Foromarepn rnna Onrnrpnn, cnxrtnx cepcxoro
monacrtpx Xnnanap na A]one. Hxona ornnuaercx nenocroponnnm nsopaxennem
Mnaenna Xpncra (On cnnr na npano pyxe Foromarepn).
Hcropnx uyornopnoro opasa Foxne Marepn Tpoepyunnt recno cnxsana c cyto
samnrnnxa Hpanocnannx n nounrannx cnxrtx nxon npenoonoro Hoanna amacxnna. B 717
roy nnsanrncxn nmneparop Hen Hcanp nauan xecroxne ronennx na nounrarene nxon.
Hxont cxnrann, pasnnann, a nx samnrnnxon npeanann myxam n cmeprn. Hnmt sa
npeenamn nnsanrncxnx sement, n mycyntmancxom amacxe, eme npoonxann orxptro
nounrart nxont naroapx sacrynnnuecrny cnxroro Hoanna, sannmanmero onxnocrt
conernnxa y npannrenx ropoa. Ho npenoont Hoann tn oxneneran nepe mecrntm
xann]om. Ftno neneno orceut y nero xncrt npano pyxn n nonecnrt ee na ropocxo
nnoman nx ycrpamennx. K neuepy, xora yrnx rnen npannrenx, npenoont
xoaracrnonan nepe nnm n, nsxn orceuennym pyxy, sarnopnncx n cnoe xente.
Cnxro onro n cnesno monnncx nepe nxono Foxne Marepn, npnnoxnn orpynennym
xncrt x cycrany n npocx Bnatunny ncnennrt pyxy. Bo cne Hpecnxrax Foroponna xnnnact
emy, npnnecx paocrnym necrt o ncnenennn pyxn, xoropo on orntne onxen tn
nontsonartcx nx npocnannennx nmenn Foxnx. Hpocnynmnct, npenoont omynan pyxy n
ynnen ee neno n nenpenmo. Tponyrt uyncrnom rnyoxo npnsnarentnocrn Heecno
Bnatunne sa Ee mnnocrt, cnxro Hoann cocrannn naroapcrnennym necnt Marepn
Foxne O Tee payercx, Fnaroarnax, ncxxax rnapt, xoropax crana ncnontsonartcx n
nnryprnn cnxroro Bacnnnx Bennxoro. Taxxe, xenax ocrannrt namxrt o nponsomemem uye,
cnxro npnnoxnn x nnxne uacrn nxont, uepes xoropym nonyunn ncnenenne, cenannym ns
cepepa pyxy, oruero +ror opas n nonyunn nasnanne Tpoepyunnt.
Becrt o ncnenennn Hoanna nemenenno pasnecnact no amacxy. Bpasymnennt uyom
xann] cosnan cnom nnny n npocnn Hoanna cnona nsxrt na cex rocyapcrnennte ena, no
cnxro yxe pemnn orart nce cnon cnnt na cnyxenne Fory. On yannncx n Hanpy Cannt
Ocnxmennoro n Hepycannme, sapan c coo uyornopnym nxony Foxne Marepn.
Hpeanne cnxstnaer npetcropnm Tpoepyunnt c Hanecrnno, a ee noxnnenne n Cepnn
co cnxrtm apxnenncxonom Canno (xonen XII nexa); npn namecrnnn rypox nxona tna
nosnoxena na ocna, xoropt npnnec ee na A]onn Xnnenapcxn monacrtpt. Ha mecro
noxnnennx nxont exerono conepmaercx xpecrnt xo. B Xnnanape Tpoepyunna
nounraercx xax nrymentx monacrtpx; coxpannnmaxcx sect uyornopnax nxona arnpyercx
cepenno XIV nexa.
Tpoepyunna nonyunna mnpoxoe nounranne n Poccnn c XVII nexa, xora tnn
npnnecent c A]ona ee cnncxn (onn ns nnx Harpnapxy Hnxony nx Hononepycannmcxoro
Bocxpecencxoro monacrtpx). B uecrt ncrpeun cnxroro cnncxa na Mocxoncxo semne 28
nmnx (no crap. cr.) n 1661 roy nxont tno ycranonneno nropoe npasnonanne nxont.
Opas tn nomemen Harpnapxom Hnxonom n ocnonannt nm na pexe Hcrpe Bocxpecencxn
monacrtpt, nmenyemt Hontm Hepycannmom, orxya n crann pacnpocrpanxrtcx no Poccnn
cnncxn nxont. Mnorne ns nnx tnn npocnannent uyornopennxmn n noromy crann ocoo
urnmt n napoe.
Bor nexoropte uyornopnte cnncxn c xnnanapcxo cnxrtnn:
1. B Mocxne, n Vcnencxom xpame Fonrapcxoro nonoptx. Cnncox 1716 roa c
xnnanapcxoro opasa.
2. B Mocxne, n nepxnn Hoxpona na Mano Optnxe.
3. B Mocxne, n xpame Hoxpona n Ionnxax.
4. B Boponexe, n Anexceencxom Axaronom monacrtpe. Opas tn npnnesen c A]ona n
Hontm Hepycannm, a orrya n Boponex.
5. B Cyxorxncxom 3namencxom xencxom monacrtpe Tamoncxo enapxnn. Taxxe
npnnecen c A]ona n npocnannncx mnornmn uyecamn.
6. B Fenoepexcxo nycrtnn Opnoncxo ryepnnn. Hxona tna npnnecena cma n 1661
roy nepomonaxom Cnmeonom.
7. B Hnnono onrenn, Tnepcxo ryepnnn.
8. B Tyne, no Bnanmnpcxo na Pxanne nepxnn.
9. B cene Entne, Hnxeropocxo ryepnnn. Ftna cnncana c Xnnanapcxo nxont n 1664
roy.
10. B Fenoepexcxo nycrtnn no Fpxncxom.
11. B Knene, n Cnxro-Tponnxom monacrtpe. Cnncox c opasa Fenoepexcxo nycrtnn,
npnnecennt n Knen npenoontm Hono. Knencxo uyornopno nxone Tpoepyunnt
ycranonneno ocooe npasnonanne 14 mapra (1 no crap. cr.) n 22 mapra (9 no crap. cr.), n nn
nepnoro n nroporo xnnennx Foxne Marepn cnxromy crapny Hone.
12. B Exarepnnypre, n xpame Bcex cnxrtx, n 3emne Poccncxo Hpocnxnmnx. 3ro
omamnxx nxona, npetnanmax n Hnartencxom ome no npemx sarouennx n nem
Hapcrnenntx myuennxon. Hocne ocnooxennx Exarepnnypra or ontmennxon +ra nxona
tna naena n Hnartencxom ome o]nnepom, snaxomtm cecrpt Iocyapx, Bennxo
Knxrnnn Ontrn Anexcanponnt. uepes nero +ror opas tn ntnesen sa rpannny n nepean
unenam cemtn Pomanontx, noromxn xoroptx yxe n name npemx, ysnan, uro n Poccnn yer
nocrpoen xpam-namxrnnx na mecre yncrna Hapcxo Cemtn, nepeann ero na ponny.
13. Cnncox nxont Tpoepyunnt XVII nexa xnnxercx ono ns ocnonntx pennxnn
Tpoxncxoro monacrtpx n Fonrapnn.
Hmeercx px mecrnournmtx pyccxnx cnncxon Tpoepyunnt, na xoroptx nornnnax
cepepxnax pyxa nsopaxena xpacxamn xax rpertx pyxa Foromarepn. Hepe nxono monxrcx
npn rpanmax n ymnax. Hpasnonanne nxont Foxne Marepn Tpoepyunna conepmaercx
naxt n roy: 11 nmnx (28 nmnx no crap. cr.) n 25 nmnx (12 nmnx no crap. cr.).

Tponapt, rnac 4
nect cnerno xpacyercx napcrnymmn rpa Mocxna, nmemmn n cee, o
Bcemnnocrnnemax, ncex rnapn uecrnemax, 3acrynnnne nama eno Foroponne, uecrnt
opas Tno, nmxe noconneuntx xonnt semnn ynnnxemn n mnp mnponn apyemn, no opas
o
Cnxrtx Tponnt xnnxemn rpne pyne: nema yo Ctna Cnoero, Xpncra Fora namero,
nocnmn, rpernem or nanacre n e nepno x Tee npnerammnx nsannxemn, n or
noronnennx nstmaemn, n ncem nonesnax apyemn, n npenoonomy Mnxanny Maneoncxym
ropy noxasa, n ncex ncera mnnyemn, uecrnom pnsom Cnoem noxptnaemn xnrentcrno cne n
ncx rpat n crpant nama, a sonem Tn: paycx, Opaonannax.

Monnrna
O Hpecnxrax Iocnoxe Bnatunne Foroponne, nenne uyo cnxromy Hoanny amacxnny
xnnnmax, xxo nepy ncrnnnym n naexy necymnennym noxasanmemy! Vcntmn nac,
rpemntx, npe uyornopnom Tnoem nxonom ycepno monxmnxcx n npocxmnx Tnoex
nomomn: ne orpnnn monennx cero mnornx pan nperpemenn namnx, no, xxo Marn
mnnocepnx n mepor, nsann nac or onesne, cxope n neuane, npocrn coexnntx namn
rpexn, ncnonnn paocrn n necennx ncex, urymnx cnxrym nxony Tnom, a paocrno nocnoem
n nmonnm npocnannm nmx Tnoe, xxo Tt ecn or ncex poon nspannax n narocnonennax no
nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Knxxcxan
Knnp, monacrtpt Knxxoc

Hxona Foxne Marepn Knxxcxax (Knxxorncca) Mnnocrnnax (Eneyca) nanncana, no
npeannm, enanrenncrom Hyxo n nonyunna cnoe nasnanne or xnnpcxoro ropoa Knxxoc.
Hpasnonanne nxont ycranonneno 25 noxpx (12 noxpx no crap. cr.).
B 980 roy no npemx ronennx na xpncrnan Knxxcxax nxona tna ornpannena n Haptrpa. B
napcrnonanne Anexcex Komnnna ona no orxponennm crapna tna nosnpamena na Knnp.
Cnyunnoct +ro rax. Bo npemx oxort npannrent Knnpa Manynn sanynncx n ropax n
ncrpernn narouecrnnoro nnoxa crapna Hcanm. He xenax trt ysnanntm, crapen noexan
or Manynna, no ror ornan ero n xecroxo nsnn, sa uro noneprcx rxxxomy neyry
paccnanennm. Crapen xe nonyunn orxponenne, cornacno xoropomy Manynn onxen
ornpannrtcx n Koncranrnnonont x nmneparopy n nepnyrt uyornopnt opas Foromarepn.
Crapen npnnxncx sa crponrentcrno xpama na cpecrna, xoropte an emy npannrent Knnpa.
Cam Manynn ornpannrtcx n Koncranrnnonont yoxncx.
B ro npemx y nmneparopa saonena out. Heyr tn nooen paccnanennm, xoroptm
crpaan Manynn. Vnnen n +rom Hpomtcn Foxn, Manynn nonpocnn nmneparopa nepnyrt
nxony na Knnp. Hapenna nonyunna ncnenenne, no nmneparop mennn c ncnonnennem
oemannoro. Tora on cam nnan n rxxxn neyr. Pacxaxnmnct n nencnonnennn oera, on
saxasan xonnm c uyornopnoro opasa, a camy nxony nocnan na ocrpon crapny Hcann.
Ha ocrpone Knnp n Knxxcxo onrenn or nxont conepmannct n conepmamrcx
mnorouncnennte uyeca. Ho monnrnam no npemx sacyxn na semnm nncnoctnaercx
naroarnt oxt, ontnte, xponorounnte, crpaammne rononno ontm nonyuann
ncnenenne, ne nmemmnm ere noananoct uaopone. B uyoecrnennym cnny cnxro
nxont nepymr ne rontxo xpncrnane, no n nnonepnt n npneramr x ne n eax n onesnxx.
Hencuepnaema mnnocrt Hpeuncro Foroponnt, 3acrynnnnt ncex crpaxymnx, n noncrnny
npncyme Ee opasy nmx Mnnocrnnax.
uyornopnax Knxxcxax nxona Foromarepn nmeer sameuarentnym ocoennocrt: ona,
nensnecrno c xaxoro npemenn, saxptra o nononnnt nenenom or nepxnero nenoro yrna o
npanoro nnxnero, rax uro nnxon Foromarepn n Foxecrnennoro Mnaenna nnxro ne moxer n
ne epsaer nnert.

Tponapt, rnac 1
Hpnrenem, nmne, co epsnonennem x Mnnocrnno Hapnne Foroponne, n ymnnenno
nossonem x He: nncnocnn, Bnatunne, mnnocrn Tnox orartx, coxpanxx no spannnn
rpemntx pat Tnox. Fonxmnx ncnenn, cxopxmnx yremn n ecrnymnm nomosn. H cnoon
nac, Hpemnnocrnnax, narouecrno xnrne cne semnoe cxonuarn, xpncrnancxy nenocrtnym
xonunny nonyunrn n Heecnoe Hapcrnne ynacneonarn. Ipa nam nsann or ncxxor snaro
ocroxnnx, orpaxax Tnonm Mnnocrnntm sacrynnennem. Mnponn mnp apy n cnacenne
ymam namnm ncnpocn.

Monnrna
O Hpecnxrax n Hpenarocnonennax Marn Iocnoa, Fora n Cnaca namero Hncyca Xpncra,
Mnnocrnnax Foroponne n Hpncnoeno Mapne! Hpnnaax x cnxre n uyornopne nxone
Tnoe, cmnpenno monnmcx Tee, Fnaro n Mnnocepno 3acrynnnne name: nonmn rnacy
rpemntx monenn namnx, ne npespn nostxann or ymn, nnxt cxopn n et nac
otmemnx, n xxo nmneonntnax noncrnny Marn normncx na nomomt nam esnomomntm,
yntntm, no mnornx n rxxxnx rpexn nnamnm n npncno npornennxmmnm Iocnoa n
Cosarenx namero, Eroxe ymonn, Hpecrarentnnne nama, a ne norynr nac co
essaxonnmn namnmn, no xnnr nam uenonexonmnym Cnom mnnocrt.
Hcnpocn nam, Bnatunne, y narocrn Ero, renecnoe spanne n ymennoe cnacenne,
narouecrnoe n mnpnoe xnrne, semnn nnoonocne, nosyxa naropacrnopenne, oxn
naronpemennt n naroronenne cntme na ncx narax ena n naunnannx nama, n xxoxe
penne npnspena ecn mnnocrnno na cmnpennoe cnanocnonne nocnymnnxa A]oncxaro,
nocnnnanmaro Tn necnt xnanenym npe Hpeuncrom nxonom Tnoem, n nocnana ecn x nemy
Apxanrena Ianpnnna nayunrn ero nern necnt neecnym, emxe cnanocnonxr Tx Anrenn rope,
cnne npnnmn naroyrpono n name ntne ycepno npnnocnmoe Tee monnrnocnonne, n
npnnecn e Ctny Tnoemy n
Fory, a mnnocrnn yer On nam rpemntm, n npoannr mnnocrt Cnom ncem urymnm Tx n
c nepom noxnanxmmnmcx Cnxromy opasy Tnoemy.
O Hapnne Bcemnnocrnnax, Marn Foxnx Bcenarax, npocrpn x Hemy Foronocntx Tnon
pyxn, nmnxe Ero, xxo mnaenna nocnna ecn, n ymonn Ero ncx nt cnacrn n nsannrn
nornenn neuntx. nn nam, Bnatunne, Tnox meport: onxmnx ncnenn, cxopxmnx
yremn, ecrnymmnm nomosn: naronocnemn ncem nam nocnrn nro Xpncrono n repnennn n
cmnpennn, cnoon nac narouecrno xnrne cne semnoe cxonuarn, xpncrnancxym
nenocrtnym xonunny nonyunrn, n Heecnoe Hapcrnne ynacnenrn, Marepnnm
xoaracrnom Tnonm x pomemycx or Tee Xpncry Fory namemy, Emyxe co Fesnauantntm
Ero Ornem n Hpecnxrtm yxom, nooaer ncxxax cnana, uecrt n noxnonenne, ntne n
npncno, n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Enenxan-Hepnnroncxan
Vxpanna, r. uepnnron, yn. Hponerapcxax, 1, Enenxn Vcnencxn xencxn monacrtpt,
Vcnencxn coop

Enenxax-uepnnroncxax nxona Foxne Marepn xnnnact na enn nns uepnnrona n 1060
roy, npn uepnnroncxom xnxse Cnxrocnane pocnannue, xax tno sanncano n cnnonxe
enncxona uepnnroncxoro 3ocnmt Hpoxononnua (16551657). Hxona tna nocrannena n
nepxont, ocnonannym n uecrt Enenxo nxont Foxne Marepn.
Hpenoont Anronn Heuepcxn (|1073) oren pyccxoro monamecrna,
nonnsanmncx na Fonnno rope n 10681069 roax, narocnonnn ocnonart sect
monacrtpt. B 1238 roy monacrtpt tn paspymen rarapamn, no nxona coxpannnact no
nnyrpennocrn monacrtpcxo crent. B 1470 roy Knencxn xnxst Cnmeon Onentxonnu
noccranonnn onrent, n nxony nnont nocrannnn n xpame.
antnemax cyta nxont ne xcna. Ho onomy npeannm, noromox uepnnroncxnx xnxse
Fapxrnncxn ynes nxony n Mocxny n 1579 roy, xora uepnnron nepemen x nontcxomy
xoponm Cre]any Faropnm. B 1687 roy oxontnnun xnxst annnn Fapxrnncxn
nosnpamancx ns noxoa n Kptm. B Xaptxone on cnntno saonen n nepe cmeprtm nepean
tnmym npn nem n noxoe Enenxym nxony n Xaptxoncxn Vcnencxn coop. (B 20-x roax
XX nexa monacrtpt tn ynpasnen, n 1992 roy nosponncx xax xencxn).
Ho pyromy npeannm, nxona ncuesna ns onrenn npn ee pasopennn n XVII nexe
nontcxnmn nocxamn Cnrnsmyna III. B 1676 roy xnxst Koncranrnn Ocrpoxcxn
noxeprnonan n Enenxym onrent cnncox Enenxo nxont Foxne Marepn, npnnesennt ns
Bnanmnpa partxmn Kosenamn. Apxnmanpnr Hoannnxn (Ionxroncxn) nosononnn rora
monacrtpt n onncan mnorouncnennte uyeca or +ro nxont n xnnre Cxponnna
(Coxponnmnnna), nsanno n 1676 roy n Honropoe Cenepcxom.
B Iocyapcrnenno Tpertxxoncxo ranepee xpannrcx nxona, xoropax nonropxer, c
neontmnmn nsmenennxmn, urnmt xaptxoncxn opas. Hpasnonanne n uecrt Enenxo-
uepnnroncxo nxont conepmaercx 18 ]enpanx (5 no crap. cr.)
Hsnecrna n eme ona Enenxax nxona Foxne Marepn, raxxe xnnnmaxcx n 1060 roy. Cnoe
nasnanne ona nonyunna or roro, uro naxonnact n ropoe Entne, n coopno nepxnn n uecrt
Cmonencxo nxont Foxne Marepn.

Tponapt
Tnoero mnnocepnx aponannx nocnomnnamme, Bnatunne, n Tno uyornopnt opas
naroroneno notsamme, ynonannem xe Tnoex nomomn cepna nama necenxme, axn cpen
nac npetnammym Tx nomtmnxem n nepom Tee nonnem: Tnoero monn Ctna n Iocnoa, a
nayunr nac snonen Ero ncera rnopnrn n sntx ncxymennx noexarn, n Tee,
Hpecrarentnnny namy, ocrono nern n cnannrn no nexn.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Hntnncxo-Hepnnroncxan
Hntnncxo-uepnnroncxax nxona Foxne Marepn tna nanncana n 1658 roy nxononncnem
Ipnropnem Koncranrnnonnuem yencxnm, n monamecrne Iennanem. B 1662 roy n
reuenne 8 ne, c 16 no 24 anpenx, or nxont ncrexann cnest. B rom xe roy rarapt nanann
na uepnnron n pasopnnn ero. B nonnout onn nopnannct n Tponnxym onrent, nomnn n
nepxont, onpoxnnynn nce nxont, nsxnn ncm yrnapt, no uyornopnax nxona co ncemn
yxpamennxmn ocranact nenpnxocnonenno. Hennnmax cnna ne onycrnna neuecrnnnen o
cnxro nxont. Hapnna Heecnax ne onycrnna raxxe, urot nparn nomnn n nemepy
npenoonoro Anronnx Heuepcxoro, re cxptnanact parnx onrenn. Bnesanno, xax t
ycrpamennte nenocrnxnmtm nnennem, rarapt oparnnnct n ercrno.
uyeca Foxne Marepn or Ee uepnnroncxo nxont onncan cnxrnrent nmnrpn
Pocroncxn n xnnre Pyno Opomennoe, saxanunnax xoropym on nncan: Konen xnnxxn, no
ne uyec Hpecnxro Foroponnt, no xro moxer nx ncuncnnrt. Hosnee o uepnnroncxo
nxone Foxne Marepn nncan cnxrnrent Toontcxn Hoann. Fnaroarnax cnna +ro nxont
npoxnnnact n n ee cnncxax. uyornopnt cnncox uepnnroncxo nxont Foxne Marepn,
naxonnmncx n Ie]cnmancxom cxnry Tponne-Ceprneno Hanpt, npocnannncx n 1869 roy.

Monnrna
O, Hpecnxrax Iocnoxe, Bnatunne mox Foroponne, Heecnax Hapnne, cnacn n nomnny
mx, rpemnaro paa Tnoero, or nanpacntx xnenert, or ncxxnx et n nanacrn n nnesanntx
cmeprn. Homnny mx n nenntx uacex, n yrpennnx, n neuepnnx, n no ncxxoe npemx coxpann
mx: croxma, cexma conmn, n na ncxxom nyrn xoxma, n n nomntx uacex cnxma cnan,
noxpt n sacrynn. 3amnrn mx, Bnatunne Foroponne, or ncex npar monx, nnnmtx n
nennnmtx, n or ncxxaro snaro ocroxnnx. Ha ncxxom mecre n na ncxxoe npemx yn mn,
Marn Hpenarax, neoopnmax crena n xpenxoe sacrynnenne. O, Hpecnxrax Iocnoxe
Bnatunne eno Foroponne, npnnmn neocronym monnrny mom n coxpann mx or
nanpacntx cmeprn, n apy mn npexe xonna noxaxnne. Hpecnxrax Foroponne, cnacn nac.
Tt mne xpannrentnnna xnsnn nce xnncx, Hpeuncrax! Tt mene nsann or econ n uac
cmeprn! Tt n no cmeprn ynoxo! Ho Tnom mnnocrt npneraem, Foroponne eno, monenn
namnx ne npespn n cxopex, no or e nsann nac, enna uncrax n narocnonennax.
Hpecnxrax Foroponne, cnacn nac. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Hepnnroncxan-Ieqcnuancxan
Poccnx, r. Ceprnen Hoca, Tponne-Ceprnena Hanpa, uepnnroncxn cxnr

uepnnroncxax-Ie]cnmancxax nxona Foxne Marepn xnnxercx cnncxom c npocnannenno
uepnnroncxo-Hntnncxo nxont Foxne Marepn, xoropax naxonnact n Tponnxom
Hntnncxom monacrtpe nns uepnnrona.
uepnnroncxax-Ie]cnmancxax nxona Foxne Marepn tna nanncana na nonorne n XVIII
nexe n nepeana n 1852 roy n Tponne-Ceprneny Hanpy A. I. unnnnnono, naroroneno
xpannnme ee y cex uerneprt nexa. Hxona tna nomemena n n nonoycrpoennom nemepnom
xpame Ie]cnmancxoro cxnra n uecrt cnxroro Apxncrparnra Mnxanna, xoropt tn ocnxmen
27 oxrxpx 1851 ro.
3namenarentno, uro nepnoe uyo or +ro nxont tno sacnnerentcrnonano n ent
nepxonnoro Hononernx 1 cenrxpx 1869 roa, xora or nonnoro paccnanennx,
npoonxanmerocx n reuenne 9 ner, ncnennnact 28-nernxx xpecrtxnxa Tyntcxo ryepnnn
uexna Apnanona. Hpoxnn n rocrnnnne npn nemepax, a norom n Hanpe, uexna conepmenno
ntsoponena. Cnxrnrent Hnnoxenrn, mnrpononnr Mocxoncxn ysnan o uye n 26 cenrxpx
1869 roa npntn n Ie]cnmancxn cxnr n narocnonnn conepmnrt monenoe nenne npe
npocnannnmecx nxono.
Eme o 26 cenrxpx nponsomno eme rpn naroarntx ncnenennx n nent px uyec n
noxpe roro xe roa. Cnana nxont Foxne Marepn pacnpocrpanxnact c neotuano
tcrporo. Hsmyuennte crpaannxmn n onesnxmn, xaxymne renecnoro n yxonnoro
ncnenennx, nmn camtx pasntx cocnonn c rnepo nepo mnn x uyornopno nxone, n
mnnocrt Foxnx ne ocrannxna nx. K nauany XX nexa tno sacnnerentcrnonano onee 100
uyec.
Hocne penonmnnn cnet nonnnno nxont sarepxnnct, ntne uyornopntm nounraercx
cnncox c nee. Hpasnonanne nxone tno ycranonneno 1 cenrxpx, n ent ee npocnannennx.

Tponapt, rnac 5
Hpeuncrax Bnatunne Foroponne, ynonanne ncex xpncrnan, nonexe nnaro ynonannx ne
nmamt pasne Tee, Bcenenopounax Bnatunne mox. Iocnoxe Foroponne, Marn Xpncra
Fora moero. Temxe nomnny n nsann mx or ncex son monx n ymonn Mnnocrnnaro Ctna
Cnoero n Fora moero, a nomnnyer oxaxnnym ymy mom, n a nsannr mx or neuntx myxn, n
cnoonr mx Hapcrnnx Cnoero.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Tnxnnncxan
Poccnx, Hennnrpacxax on., r. Tnxnnn, Tnxnnncxn Foroponunt Vcnencxn myxcxo
monacrtpt
uyornopnt cnncox: Poccnx, r. Fenropo, Fopnconcxax Foroponnxo-Tnxnnncxax
Onrent

Tnxnnncxax nxona Foxne Marepn (Onrnrpnx) ona ns camtx nounraemtx n Poccnn
uyornopntx nxon Foromarepn. Cornacno cxasannm, cocrannennomy na ocnone mecrnoro
npeannx n xonne XV nexa, nxona uyecntm opasom xnnnact n cenepntx pyccxnx semnxx,
ocranonnnmnct na nosyxe na pexo Tnxnnnxo n Honropocxo onacrn, re nx nee
tna coopyxena nepxont Vcnennx. Io xnnennx nxont, no cxasannm 1383 (xnxxenne
mnrpnx oncxoro, npn mnrpononnre Hnmene), tn ntpan, nepoxrno, noromy, uro n 1380-
e rot na Pyct tno npnneseno necxontxo nxon Onrnrpnn. Hpetcropnx Tnxnnncxo
nxont omax c xoncranrnnonontcxo Onrnrpne. B nonecrt na Cperenne uyornopno
Bnanmnpcxo nxont (cepenna nropax nononnna XVI nexa) nxnmuen paccxas o xnnennxx
Foromarepn na Pyccxo semne, n xoropom Onrnrpnx Hncxax (Pnmcxax) oroxecrnnena c
xnnnmecx na pexe Tnxnnnxe nxono. Ha nporxxennn XVIXVII nexon cxasanne o
Tnxnnncxo nxone ooramanoct nontmn ncropnuecxnmn cneennxmn n uyecamn
(nocrpoenne rpnxt cropanme Vcnencxo nepxnn na Tnxnnnxe, nocemenne Tnxnnna
nennxnmn mocxoncxnmn xnxstxmn Bacnnnem III n 1526 n Hnanom Bacnntennuem n 1547
roy, ocnonanne monacrtpx Hnanom Iposntm n 1560 roy, ocaa monacrtpx mneamn n
1613 roy n r. .), xoropte nsopaxannct n xnemax nxon Foromarepn Tnxnnncxo c
uyecamn (nxona ns Fnaronemencxoro coopa Mocxoncxoro Kpemnx cepennt XVI nexa c
nsopaxennem n xneme Hnana Iposnoro n nonropocxoro apxnenncxona Maxapnx,
ananornunte nxont XVIXVII nexon ns Tnxnnncxoro monacrtpx n p.).
Ho nxonorpa]nn Tnxnnncxax Onrnrpnx nanomnnaer Hnepcxym, or xoropo ornnuaercx
nsopaxennem cxpemenntx nor Mnaenna Xpncra c pasnepnyro x spnrenm noomno. B
XIX nexe Tnxnnncxax nxona nounranact no nce Poccnn, ocoenno x ne npnerann npn
onesnxx ere. B Tnxnnncxom monacrtpe exerono conepmanoct 24 xpecrntx xoa c
uyornopno nxono. B nauane XX nexa na nxone tn maccnnnt paronennt oxna,
nepe ne nncena sonorax namnaa. Cnncxn nxont mnorouncnennt; nmemrcx mecrnournmte
uyornopnte opast.
Hocne saxptrnx Vcnencxoro myxcxoro monacrtpx n 1920-x roax, nxona tna +xcnonarom
mecrnoro xpaeneuecxoro mysex. Bo npemx Bennxo Oreuecrnenno nont ropo nnmt n
reuenne neonroro npemenn tn oxxynnponan nemenxnmn nocxamn, no npn orcrynnennn
onn ntnesnn nxony n Hcxon, re nepeann Hcxoncxo yxonno mnccnn, norom nxona
nonana n Pnry, Hnany, nonnt, amepnxancxym oxxynannonnym sony n Iepmannn, orrya
enncxon Hoann (Iapxnan) ntnes ee n unxaro (CBA). Vmnpax, oren Hoann ocrannn
sanemanne, no xoropomy nosnpamenne cnxrtnn n Poccnm nosmoxno rontxo npn nonnom
nospoxennn Tnxnnncxoro monacrtpx. B 1995 roy monacrtpt tn nepean Hepxnn,
Vcnencxn coop noccranonnen n ocnxmen. B 2004 roy nxona tna nosnpamena n
Tnxnnncxn Foroponunt Vcnencxn myxcxo monacrtpt.
Cunraercx, uro Tnxnnncxax nxona orpaxaer cenepnte npeent Poccnn.
Hsnecrno mnoxecrno cnncxon c Tnxnnncxo nxont, ona crana, no cyrn,
nxonorpa]nuecxnm nornnom opasa Onrnrpnn, x npnmepy, cnncxn n Xpame Cnaca na
Cenno, A]anactencxom monacrtpe n Monore.

Monnrna
Fnaroapnm Tx, o Hpenarax n Hpeuncrax, Hpenarocnonennax eno Bnatunne, Marn
Xpncra Fora namero, o ncex naroexnnxx Tnonx, xxe noxasana ecn poy uenoneuecxomy,
nannaue xe nam, xpncronmennrtm nmem poccncxnm, o nnxxe nnxe camt anrentcxn
xstx x noxnanennm ononen yer. Fnaroapnm Tx, xxo n ntne ynnnna ecn nenspeuennym
Tnom mnnocrt na nac, neocrontx paex Tnonx, npeecrecrnenntm camonpnmecrnnem
npeuncrte Tnoex nxont, emxe ncm npocnernna ecn Poccncxym crpany. Temxe n mt,
rpemnnn, co crpaxom n paocrnm noxnonxmmecx, nonnem Tn: o Hpecnxrax eno, Hapnne n
Foroponne, cnacn n nomnny Cnxremero Harpnapxa, apxnepen xe n ncx nmn, n noaxt
nm noet na ncx nparn nx n coxpann ncx rpat n crpant xpncrnancxnx, or ncxxoro nanera
npaxnx nsann, n ncem ncx na nontsy apy, ntne npnmemnm c nepom n monxmnmcx paom
Tnonm, n noxnonxmmnmcx npecnxromy opasy Tnoemy, xxo Fnarocnonenna ecn c
poxemnmcx or Tee Ctnom n Forom, ntne n npncno n nonexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Boronmcxan
Poccnx, r. Bnanmnp, Knxrnnnn monacrtpt, Vcnencxn coop nnn Bnanmnpcxax on.,
Cysantcxn p-n, noc. Foronmono, Cnxro-Foronmcxn monacrtpt

Foronmcxax nxona Foxne Marepn ona ns pennemnx uyornopntx nxon
Foromarepn; cosana n 1157 (?) no saxasy naronepnoro xnxsx Anpex Foronmcxoro.
B 1155 roy naronepnt xnxst Anpe, nepecenxxct ns Btmropoa n Cysantcxym
semnm, nsxn c coo uyornopnt opas Foxne Marepn, nanncannt enanrenncrom Hyxom
(nnocnecrnnn +ra nxona nonyunna nanmenonanne Bnanmnpcxo).
B cemn nepcrax or Bnanmnpa noman, nesmne xnor c uyornopno nxono, ocranonnnnct
n ne mornn rponyrtcx c mecra. Fnaronepnt xnxst Anpe npocnn conponoxanmero ero
cnxmennnxa Hnxonax conepmnrt moneen nepe nxono Foxne Marepn n onro co
cnesamn monnncx nepe urnmtm opasom. 3arem on nepemen n noxont marep, no ne
npexpaman ycepno monnrnt.
B +ro npemx emy xnnnact Hpecnxrax Foroponna co cnnrxom n npano pyxe n nonenena
narouecrnnomy xnxsm opas Ee, npnnecennt ns Btmropoa, nocrannrt no Bnanmnpe, a
na mecre Ee uyecnoro xnnennx nocrponrt xpam n cnxrym onrent. Horom Ona monnrnenno
nonxna pyxn x ney, npnnnmax narocnonenne Xpncra Cnacnrenx, Koropt xnnncx n +ro
npemx na semne, narocnonnn Ee, n nnenne ncuesno.
Hcnonnxx nonenenne, naronepnt xnxst Anpe sanoxnn na yxasannom mecre xamennym
nepxont n uecrt Poxecrna Hpecnxro Foroponnt, re opasonancx n monacrtpt. 3arem
cnxro xnxst npnsnan ncxycntx nxononncnen n npocnn nsopasnrt Foxnm Marept rax, xax
nnen Ee n xnnennn: no nect pocr co cnnrxom n npano pyxe n nnxom, opamenntm x
Cnacnrenm. Kora crponrentcrno nepxnn tno sanepmeno, naronepnt xnxst Anpe
nepenec n nee nanncannt opas n ycranonnn exeronoe npasnonanne n uecrt xnnennx
Foxne Marepn 18 nmnx (crap. cr.), xoropoe yrnepnnoct n Pyccxo Hepxnn.
Hxonorpa]nx Foronmcxo nxont nocxonr x nnsanrncxomy rnny Foromarepn
3acrynnnnt, monxmecx sa po uenoneuecxn. Hepnonauantnax xnnonnct na penne
Foronmcxo nxone cnntno norepra.
Hounranne nxont xax uyornopno ornocnrcx x mocxoncxomy nepnoy pyccxo ncropnn.
B nauane XV nexa nxony, nepoxrno, npnnocnnn n Mocxny nx pecranpannn, c +roro npemenn
nauanoct ee npocnannenne. B XVIXVII nexax ocoo nounrannct nsopaxennx
Foronmcxo nxont c xonenonpexnonenntm napoom (cnxrtmn), nastnaemte Monenne o
napoe. B XVIIIXIX nexax mecrnournmte nxont Foronmcxo Foromarepn nmennct no
mnornx xpamax; ocoenno x nnm npnerann c monnrno o nsannennn or uymt n 1771 roy.
Hpasnonanne nxone ycranonneno 1 nmnx (18 nmnx no crap. cr.).

Monnrna
O Hpeuncrax Iocnoxe Foroponne, Marn Foronmnnax, Haexo namero cnacennx!
Bosspn mnnocrnnno na npecroxmnx c nepom n nmonnm n noxnanxmmnxcx Hpeuncromy
opasy Tnoemy: npnnmn name xnanenoe nenne cne n npone rennym Tnom monnrny o nac,
rpemntx, xo Iocnoy, a, npespen ncx nama corpemennx, cnacer n nomnnyer nac.
O Hpennnax Bnatunne! Hoxaxn na nac uyntx mnnocrn Tnox. Monnm Tx ymnnenno,
nsann nac or ncxxnx cxopn, nacrann na nyrt ncxxnx opoerenn n narocrntnn, cnacn or
ncxymenn, e n onesne, nsmn or nac oxnenerannn n ccopt, coxpann or monnnenocnaro
rpoma, or sananennx ornennaro, or rnaa, rpyca, norona n cmepronocntx xsnt: noa nam
Cnom mnnocrnnnym nomomt na nyrn, n mopn n na cyme, a ne nornnem nmre. O
Bcemnnocrnnax, Foronmnnax Marn, c rneptm ynonannem nosctnaem x Tee namy
cmnpennym monnrny! He orpnnn namnx cnes n nostxannn, ne sayn nac no ncx nn
xnnora namero, no ncera npetna c namn n Tnonm sacrynnennem n xoaracrnom y
Iocnoa noaxt nam orpay, yremenne, samnry n nomomt, a ntny cnannm n nennuaem
Hpenarocnonennoe n Bceneroe Hmx Tnoe. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Boronmcxan Mocxoncxan
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Herponannoncxn nep., 46, xpam anocronon Herpa n Hanna na
Kynnmxax y yscxnx nopor

Mocxoncxn cnncox c nnanmnpcxo Foronmcxo nxont Foxne Marepn, ono ns
pennemnx uyornopntx nxon Poccnn, tn nanncan n 1157 roy.
Ocoennocrtm mocxoncxo nxont xnnxercx nsopaxenne na ne, xpome Cnacnrenx n
Foxne Marepn, npecroxmnx cnxrtx yronnxon Foxnnx: cnxrnrene Herpa, Anexcnx,
Hont n unnnnna, mnrpononnron Mocxoncxnx, naxenntx Bacnnnx n Maxcnma,
npenoono Hapacxent, cnxrnrenx Bacnnnx Bennxoro, anocrona Herpa, Anexcnx, uenonexa
Foxnx, anocrona Cnmeona, cponnxa Iocnonx, myuennnt Hapacxent n
npenoonomyuennnt Enoxnn.
3ra nxona naxonnact n Mocxne na Conxno nnoman, na Bapnapcxnmn noporamn Knra-
ropoa. uyornopnt opas npocnannncx ncnenennxmn no npemx cnnpencrnonanme uymt n
1771 roy. C +roro npemenn nxona crana ocoo urnrtcx nepymmnm napoom, n exerono 18
nmnx (1 nmnx no non. cr.) nepe uyornopntm opasom conepmannct monent. B xanyn
npasnnxa na rpn nx nxona cnycxanact co crent n nepenocnnact n ocot marep, xya
crexannct mnorouncnennte nepymmne nx monnrnennoro noxnonennx opasy Foxne
Marepn. Ho ncreuennn rpex ne nxony onxrt nonnmann na noporamn, re ona ocrananact
o 18 nmnx cneymmero roa.

Monnrna
O uynax n Btcmax ncex rnape Hapnne Foroponne, Heecnaro Hapx Xpncra Fora
namero Marn! Vcntmn nac, rpemntx n neocrontx pa Tnonx, n uac ce monxmnxcx n
npnnaammnx x Tee c nostxannem n cnesamn n ymnntno rnaronmmnx; nsnen nac or pona
crpacre, Bnatunne; nsann nac or ncxxnx cxopn n neuann; orpan or ncxxnx nanacrn n
sntx xnener, or nenpanenoro n nmraro nanera npaxnx. Moxemn o, o Fnaroarnax Marept
nama, ne rounm or ncxxaro sna coxpannrn nmn Tnox, no n ncxxnm naroexnnem cnanrn
n cnacrn: pasne Tee nntx Hpecrarentnnnt n eax n ocroxnnnx n renntx Xoarannt o
nac, rpemntx, ne nmamt x Ctny Tnoemy, Xpncry Fory namemy, Eroxe ymonn, Bnatunne,
a cnacennnn Toom cnannm n n yymem nene Bcecnxroe Hmx Ctna Tnoero n Fora namero,
xynno co Ornem n Cnxrtm yxom, ntne n n esxoneuntx nexn. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Boronmcxan Kptencxan
Poccnx, Kanyxcxax on., Manoxpocnanenxn p-n, c. Kapnxn, xpam Hoxpona Hpecnxro
Foroponnt

Hxona npecrannxer coo cnncox c nnanmnpcxo Foronmcxo nxona Foxne Marepn,
ono ns pennemnx uyornopntx nxon Poccnn.
Hxona Foxne Marepn Foronmcxax-Rptencxax tna nepeana nmneparopom Herpom I
crontnnxy Fopncy Mnpononnuy Farypnny. Bo nropo nononnne XVIII nexa ona
npnnanexana nomemnxam 3arpxxcxnm, n n 1771 roy no monnrnam x uyornopnomy opasy
tna ornpamena moponax xsna. Hepexox no nacnecrny, nxona n 1838 roy nocrynnna n
npnxocxn xpam cena Rptencxoro, Foponcxoro yesa, Kanyxcxo ryepnnn n nonyunna
nanmenonanne Rptencxo.
B 1848 roy sacrynnennem Foxne Marepn mptencxne npnxoxane tnn cnacent or
xonept, n 18481853 rr. no monnrnam x uyornopnomy opasy npexparnnact xonepa n
Manoxpocnanne n Foponcxe. Bo npemx cnnpencrnonanme onesnn ymepna ona xenmnna,
no no monnrnam ynroro ropem cynpyra nepe Foronmcxo nxono Foxne Marepn ona
nocxpecna.
B namxrt o uyecno nomomn Foxne Marepn n Foponcxe n Manoxpocnanne exerono
conepmannct xpecrnte xot c Rptencxo uyornopno nxono. B rot ronenn na
Hepxont Rptencxn xpam tn saxptr, a cnxro opas nepenecen n Hoxponcxym nepxont
cena Kapnxn no Manoxpocnannem.

Bnxmn Hpemnnocepnax Marept Foxnx semnoe cxopnoe xnrne name, nemomn n
onesnn, naronsnonn xnnrn uyo, nspan cocy naroarn n mnnocre Cnonx x nam
narouecrnnaro xnxsx Anpex. Oaue n mt c paocrnm necxasannom npnnaaem x Tee,
Bnatunne, n ns rnynnt ymn naroapnm Tx, namy nnnym 3acrynnnny, nocnenamme
Fory: Annnnyna.

Bce ynonanne nosnaraem na Tnom narocrt, Hpecnxrax Bnatunne! Mnnocepnm Tnoemy
necrt xonna, nennune xe Tnoe xro ncnonecrt? Hpecroxmn c montom y Hpecrona
Bcentmnxro, xont mnoroe mnoxecrno uyec xnnxna ecn nam, Hpeuncrax, xont nnno cnacna
ecn cnannt rpa Mocxny or rposnaro npara Tamepnana, xont uyno oxr ero nennxn
crpax npnmecrnnem Tnonm n marept pyccxnx rpaon n nonyn ane orcrynnrn co ncem
nonncrnom. He ymonunm nnxora, 3acrynnnne nama Hpecnannax, o ncex Tnonx
naroexnnnx, a ne yer no cnyom cner uyec Tnonx, n ntne, npecroxme npe
Hpeuncrtm Tnonm opasom n monxmecx ymnnennom ymem n coxpymenntm cepnem,
nstnaem Fory: Annnnyna.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Boronmcxan 3nuaponcxan
Poccnx, Pxsancxax on., c. 3nmapono

Hxona npecrannxer coo cnncox c nnanmnpcxo Foronmcxo nxona Foxne Marepn,
ono ns pennemnx uyornopntx nxon Poccnn.
Hxona Foxne Marepn Foronmcxax-3nmaponcxax no pennemy npeannm croxna na
noporax ropoa Hponcxa, a no npemx namecrnnx rarap (XIII n.) tna pacxonora n pomena n
xycrt, re cama uyecno cpocnact, no ona nononnna ee rax n ocranact ntme pyro.
Bo nropo nononnne XVIII nexa +ra nxona naxonnact y nomemnxa Honyxnna, xnnmero n
Mocxne. Bnny nerxocrn nxony xpannnn n uncne pyrnx neme n xnaono. Bo npemx
mopono xsnt 1771 roa onomy saonenmemy xnrenm Mocxnt n connom nnennn tno
npnxasano conepmnrt moneen nepe nxono, naxonnmecx n ome Honyxnna. Hxony
ortcxann n nepeann onxmemy, xoropt nocne conepmennoro monena ncnennncx n
nosnparnn uyornopnt opas. Or nxont conepmannct n pyrne noonte ncnenennx.
Hepe xonunno (oxono 1780 r.) nnaenen nxont saneman ornpannrt ee na cnom ponny, n
ceno 3nmapono Pxsancxo ryepnnn, naxonnmeecx n 18-rn nepcrax or ropoa Panenypra. B
1848 roy n +rom ropoe cnnpencrnonana xonepa. Xnrenn nemenenno ornpannnnct sa
urnmtm opasom n ceno 3nmapono, n, xora pennxx uyornopnax nxona Foxne Marepn
Foronmcxo tna npnnecena n ropo, yrposa onacno onesnn ncuesna.

O Marn Foronmnnax, Hapnne Heecnax, Bcemomnax nama npecrarentnnne! Mantx cnx
ycntmanmn cmnpenntx montt nama, npnspn na nt mnnocrnntm Tnonm oxom; yn nam
cxopax 3acrynnnna n ent xonunnt namex n n uac cmeprnt xnncx nam Cama, Hpeuncrax,
npocrnpammn pyxy nomomn, orronxmmn yxon snot, nmymnx nornornrn ymy namy npn
pasnyuennn or rena, n cnoon nac n yyme xnsnn n necennn n paonannn nosnennunrn n
npocnannrn Tx, xxo Hpenarym Hoxponnrentnnny namy, a cnacennnn Toom n
esxoneune nene nonnem Fory: Annnnyna.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn 3nauenne
Poccnx, r. Canxr-Herepypr, xpam yxonno Axaemnn

Hxona Foxne Marepn, nmenyemax 3namenne, nsopaxaer Hpecnxrym Foroponny,
cnxmym n monnrnenno noemnmmym pyxn Cnon; na rpyn ee, na ]one xpyrnoro mnra
(nnn c]ept) narocnonnxmmn Foxecrnennt Mnaenen Cnac-3mmanynn. Taxoe
nsopaxenne Foromarepn ornocnrcx x uncny camtx nepntx Ee nxononncntx opason. B
yctnantnnne cnxro Arnnn n Pnme ecrt nsopaxenne Foromarepn c pacnpocreprtmn n
monnrne pyxamn n c Mnaennem, cnxmnm na Ee xonenxx. 3ro nsopaxenne ornocnrcx x IV
nexy. Kpome roro, nsnecren pennn nnsanrncxn opas Foromarepn Hnxonen, VI nexa,
re Hpecnxrax Foroponna nsopaxena cnxmem na rpone n epxamem oenmn pyxamn
nepe coo onantnt mnr c opasom Cnaca-3mmanynna.
Hxont Foxne Marepn, nsnecrnte no nmenem 3namenne, noxnnnnct na Pycn n XIXII
nexax, a nastnartcx rax crann nocne uyecnoro snamennx or Honropocxo nxont
3namenne, cnyunnmerocx n 1170 roy.
Mnorouncnennte cnncxn c nxont 3namennx nsnecrnt no nce Poccnn. Mnorne ns nnx
npocnxnn uyecamn n mecrntx xpamax n tnn nanmenonant no mecry xnnennx uyec.
Hexoropte ns nnx: Aanaxcxax, Kypcxax, Cepa]nmo-Honeraencxax, nonncneno-
Inymnnxax. Hpasnonanne nxont conepmaercx 10 exapx (27 noxpx no crap. cr.).

Tponapt, rnac 4
xo neoopnmym creny n ncrounnx uyec crxxanme Tx, pan Tnon, Foroponne
Hpeuncrax, conpornnntx ononuennx nnsnaraem. Temxe monnm Tx: mnp rpay Tnoemy apy
n ymam namnm nennm mnnocrt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn 3nauenne Honropocxan
Poccnx, r. Honropo, Coop Cnxro Co]nn

Hepnoe uyo, nponsomemee or nxont 3namenne Hpecnxro Foroponnt, ornocnrcx x
1170 roy. Cysantcxn xnxst Anpe Foronmcxn namepenancx opasonart na cenepe
pyccxo semnn ony epxany, nx +roro emy neoxonmo tno nounnnrt Honropo.
Bocxa no npenonrentcrnom Mcrncnana ctna Anpex Foronmcxoro (cam xnxst
Anpe saonen), n ero comsnnxon ocannn Honropo Bennxn. Cnnt tnn nepannt, n
nonropont nauann monnrtcx Iocnoy o uye. Ho npeannm, na rpertm nout ocat
apxnenncxon Honropocxn ycntman rnac, nonenenmn emy ntnecrn ns nepxnn Cnaca
Hpeopaxennx na Hntnne ynnne nxony Hpecnxro Foroponnt n onecrn em xpenocrnym
creny.
Bo npemx xpecrnoro xoa ocaxammne ntnycrnnn ryuy crpen, n ona ns nnx nopasnna
Hnx Foroponnt. Hs rnas
Foroponnt nonnnnct cnest, n ona oparnna Cno Hnx x nonropocxomy napoy. B +ro
npemx nparon oxn nensxcnnmt yxac, onn pocnnn opyxne n, nonnax pyr pyra, crann
nocnemno orxonrt or ropoa. Honropont npecneonann npornnnnxa n oepxann nonnym
noey.
B namxrt o +rom uye apxnenncxon Honropocxn Hntx eme n XII nexe ycranonnn
npasnonanne n uecrt nxont 3namenne Foroponnt, conepmaemoe n Pyccxo Hepxnn no
nacroxmee npemx.
B 1354 roy nxona tna nepenecena n Hepxont 3namennx Foroponnt (3namennx Foxne
Marepn), coopyxennym no nenennm apxnenncxona Moncex. B 1560 roy nxona nnont
naxonnact n nepxnn Cnaca Hpeopaxennx, a sarem tna nepenecena n 3namencxn coop.
Haxonnmncx na Pycn n ent npasnonannx nxont 3namenne Foroponnt a]oncxn
nepomonax Haxomn Horo]er nanncan na +ror npasnnx na xanona.
Hocne Oxrxptcxo penonmnnn 1917 roa nxona nonana n mysenoe copanne. Bo npemx
Bennxo Oreuecrnenno nont nxona tna +naxynponana n no oxonuannn nont
nosnpamena n myse. 15 anrycra 1991 roa cocroxnoct nosnpamenne nxont Pyccxo
Hpanocnanno Hepxnn (PHH) ns Honropocxoro mysex-sanonennxa.
Hsnecrnt mnorne cnncxn c Honropocxo nxont 3namenne. Hexoropte ns nnx:
Aanaxcxax, Kypcxax, Cepa]nmo-Honeraencxax, nonncneno-Inymnnxax.

Crpancrnymme n monn ce semne, mnorocxopne n mnoromxrexne, ropnxro rpaa
Hepycannma Heecnaro nstcxyem n Tee, Bnatunne, monnm: nyrenocrny nam no cresn
sanonen Xpncrontx n coxpann nac or naenn rpexonntx, ynnn na nac mnnocrt Tnom n
ocenn nac Tnonm sacrynnennem, a, Tnoem nomomnm cnacaemn, cnoonmcx xynno co ncemn
cnxrtmn nocnenarn: Annnnyna.

Cnacnrenx namemy uenoneuecrny ponna ecn, Hpeuncrax eno, n Cero xxo Mnaenna no
oxrnnx Tnonx nocnna ecn, Eroxe Foxecrnennoe nsopaxenne n na nxone 3namennx
Tnoero nam xnnxemn n mnornx mnnocrn n meport Tnox nam apyemn. Cero pan co
naroronennem n nepom uecrnyem opas uyornopnt Tno, Bnatunne, n monnmcx Tee
npnnexno: yn nam Hoxpon n samnra n ent Cynt, a Tnonm Marepnnm
npecrarentcrnom nomnnyer nac Cynx Hpanent, Ctn Tno n For, n cnoonr nac
ecnaro croxnnx n nennx Emy co nspanntmn: Annnnyna.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn 3nauenne Kypcxan (Kopcxan-Kopennan)
CBA, r. Htm-Hopx, Cnnoantnt 3namencxn Coop Pyccxo Hpanocnanno Hepxnn sa
pyexom (PHH3)
3namenne Kypcxax-Kopennax nxona Foxne Marepn uyornopnax nxona, camax
npocnannennax xonnx-cnncox nxont 3namenne Honropocxax.
B XIII nexe, no npemx rarapcxoro namecrnnx, xora nce Pyccxoe rocyapcrno ncntrtnano
nennuamee ecrnne, ropo Kypcx, pasopennt nonunmamn Fartx, npnmen n sanycrenne.
Onaxt n oxpecrnocrxx ropoa onn oxornnx samernn nexanmym y xopne epena nxony,
opamennym nnxom x semne. Oxornnx nonxn ee n ynnen, uro nsopaxenne nxont noono
nxone 3namenne Honropocxo. Ononpemenno c xnnennem +ro nxont conepmnnoct n
nepnoe uyo. Kax rontxo oxornnx nonxn cnxrym nxony c semnn, roruac na mecre, re
nexana nxona, c cnno sann ncrounnx uncro not. 3ro nponsomno 8 cenrxpx 1295 roa.
Oxornnx ne pemnncx ocrannrt nxony n necy n nocrponn na mecre operennx neontmym
epenxnnym uaconnm, n n ne nocrannn nonoxnnennt opas Foromarepn. Bcxope o +rom
ysnann xnrenn ropoa Ptntcxa, pacnonoxennoro nenoanexy, n crann nocemart mecro
xnnennx nx noxnonennx nono cnxrtne.
Ho npeannm, n 1597 roy napt Anexce Mnxanonnu nonenen npnnecrn n Mocxny
urnmym n Kypcxe nxony 3namenne. B Mocxne nxona tna ononnena: ncrannena n pamy c
opasamn npopoxon, napnna Hpnna ueoponna yxpacnna ee paronenntm oxnaom. Bcxope
nxony nosnparnnn n Kypcx, re tna ocnonana Kopennax onrent (nasnana n namxrt xnnennx
nxont, nponsomemem n XIII nexe npn xopne epena). Hxony nnont npnnec n Mocxny
Hxemnrpn I, a nosnparnn n Kypcx n 1615 roy napt Mnxann ueoponnu. B nout c 7 na 8
mapra 1898 roa +cept ntrannct nsopnart cnxrtnm, no necmorpx na crpamnte paspymennx
n coope noxpyr nxont, cama ona ocranact nenpenmo.
B 1918 roy uyornopnax Kypcxax-Kopennax nxona n ee cnncox n paronenntx oxnaax
tnn yxpaent, no ncxope naent pomenntmn (es oxnaon) n onxrt nepnynnct na cnoe
mecro. B 1920 nxona tna ntnesena sa rpannny: nocne npemennoro nosnpamennx n Kptm, n
apmnm renepana Bpanrenx, ona tna ornpannena n Rrocnannm, re naxonnact n reuenne
25 ner; no npemx nropo mnpono nont n 1944 roy tna nepenpannena n Iepmannm. C
1951 roa xnnxercx cnxrtne Pyccxo Hpanocnanno 3apyexno Hepxnn n CBA.
Coxpannnmaxcx nxona 3namenne Kypcxax-Kopennax neontmnx pasmepon, ncnonnena n
xonne XVI nexa; nsopaxennx npopoxon na pame onee nosnne. B XVIIXIX nexax nxona
ocoenno nounranact xax noxponnrentnnna npanocnannoro nonncrna, ee xonnn pann n
noennte noxot. Exerono nxony nocnnn xpecrntm xoom ns xypcxoro 3namencxoro
coopa, re ona xpannnact c XVII nexa, n Kopennym nycrtnt. Mnorouncnennte xonnn
nxont (n ocnonnom n mxntx paonax Poccnn), raxxe nounrannct uyornopntmn.
Hpasnyercx n enxrym nxrnnny nocne Hacxn, 21 cenrxpx (8 cenrxpx no crap. cr.), 10
exapx (27 noxpx no crap. cr.), 21 mapra (8 mapra no crap. cr.).

Fypn ncxymenn, na nac naxoxme, cxopxm xe n onesnxm, nac nocemammnm, era
repnennm n nac ocxyenarn n yxy namemy cmymarncx, npnrenem xo opasy Hpeuncrtx
ent n cnest rouame To, or cepna nosonnnm: Foronocnen pyne Tnon nam npocrnpammn,
ns rnynnt son nosnen nt, xxo a naroapntmn ycrt sonem: Annnnyna.

Monnrna Hpecnxro Foroponne nepe Ex nxono, nmenyemo 3namenne Kypcxax-
Kopennax
Hapnna nama Hpenarax, naexo nama, Foroponne, Hpnxrennme cnptx n crpanntx
Hpecrarentnnne, cxopxmnx Paocre, onnmtx Hoxponnrentnnne, spnmn namy ey,
spnmn namy cxopt; nomosn nam, xxo nemomntm, oxopmn nac, xxo crpanntx, ony namy
necn, paspemn ry, xxo nonnmn, nsann oreuecrno name, crpaxymym semnm Poccncxym, or
nmraro esoxnnxon ocroxnnx, cnacn n coxpann paon Tnonx (nmena) n ncex nac, se
npecroxmnx n monxmnxcx, n noxpt nac or ncxxaro sna uecrntm Tnonm Omo]opom, xxo ne
nmamt nntx Homomn pasne Tee, nn nntx Hpecrarentnnnt, nn narnx Vremnrentnnnt,
roxmo Tee, o Foromarn, xxo a coxpannmn nac n noxptemn no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn 3nauenne Cepaqnuo-Hone1aencxan
Poccnx, Hnxeropocxax on., c. Honeraenxa, Cepa]nmo-Honeraencxn Cxopxmencxn
xencxn monacrtpt

Heanexo or Caponcxo nycrtnn naxonnact Cepa]nmo-Honeraencxax xencxax onrent.
Hasnanne cnoe ona nonyunna no nmenn npenoonoro Cepa]nma Caponcxoro.
Ona ns cecrep Honeraencxoro monacrtpx, Knannx Bonomnnxona, n 1879 roy nanncana
nx cnoe onrenn opas 3namenne Foxne Marepn. Bcxope +ra nxona npocnannnact
nnntmn uyornopennxmn n crana rnanno cnxrtne onrenn. Hepnoe npocnannenne opasa
conepmnnoct npn cneymmnx ocroxrentcrnax.
14 max 1885 roa, n 9 uacon neuepa, necxontxo monaxnnt, naxonnmnxcx n ono ns xenn
nrymencxoro xopnyca, re nomemanact nxona, npyr tnn nopaxent nepemeno,
conepmnnmecx c opasom. Onn samernnn, uro Hnx Hpecnxro Foroponnt na nxone cran
ocoenno npocnernenntm, a nsop Ee noouepeno ocranannnnancx na cecrpax, c rpenerom n
naroronennem nsnpanmnx na uyecnoe xnnenne. 3rn nsmenennx nponcxonnn n reuenne
uerneprn uaca, a n 12 uacon noun cnona nonropnnnct. Ha cneymmn ent nxona c
nouecrxmn tna nepenecena n monacrtpcxn xpam, n cxopo orpomnoe mnoxecrno nepymmnx
crann noxnonxrtcx cnxromy opasy. Mnorne crpaxymne no monnrnam cnonm xo Hpecnxro
Foroponne n Ee uyornopno nxone nonyuann ncnenenne or cnonx neyron.
Vxasom or 5 oxrxpx 1885 roa Cnxremn Cnno npnsnan uyornopnocrt Honeraencxo
nxont 3namenne. Hnxeropocxn npeocnxmennt Moecr cenan pacnopxxenne
nomecrnrt nxony n xpame Xnnonocnoro ncrounnxa n Honeraencxom monacrtpe, re ona n
nomemanact sa npantm xnnpocom.
Ha nxone Foromarept nsopaxena c nosertmn rope (xnepxy) pyxamn. Ha none Hpeuncro
ent naxonrcx Hpeneunt Mnaenen, oxpyxennt cnxnnem. Hpasnonanne nxone
conepmaercx 10 exapx (27 noxpx no crap. cr.).
B 1925 roy monacrtpt tn saxptr. Ho cocroxnnm na 2009 ro n xopnycax
Honeraencxoro monacrtpx naxonncx nnrepnar nx ymennoontntx, a n sannn c
xonoxontne mxona. 30 xnnapx 2010 roa n Honeraencxom cxnry cocroxnact nepnax co
npemenn saxptrnx Cepa]nmo-Honeraencxo onrenn Foxecrnennax nnryprnx.
Tounax xonnx uyornopno nxont 3namenne naxonrcx n onom ns xopnycon
Cepa]nmo-Honeraencxoro monacrtpx (+ror xopnyc sannmaer cxnr Cepa]nmo-nneencxoro
monacrtpx).

Konax, rnac 4
uecrnaro opasa Tnoero snamenne npasnymme, nmne Tnon, Foroponrentnnne, nmxe
nnnym noey na conpornnntx rpay Tnoemy aponana ecn. Temxe Tee nepom nstnaem:
paycx, eno, xpncrnan noxnano.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn 3nauenne Kopueunan
Poccnx, Pxsancxax on., Ptnoncxn p-n, c. Homynono, Cnxro-Hoanno-Forocnoncxn
monacrtpt
Hpeanne rnacnr, uro n Pxsann xnna nona, oepxnmax neyrom ntxncrna. Kora y nee n
ome nce tno npoano, ona npnnecna n xopumy opas Hpecnxro Foroponnt 3namenne
n npocnna sa nero nnna. Kopuemnnx, noanmnct yronopy, nsxn cnxro opas n nocrannn n
cnoe oxnnne. Kora nona nporpesnena n ocosnana cno rpex, copana ener n nocnemnna
x xopuemnnxy, ymonxx orart nxony. Kopuemnnx ncnonnnn ee xenanne, no yrpom xenmnna
ne namna npnnecenno omo nxont. Hxona oxasanact na npexnem mecre n oxnnne
xopuemnnxa. B cnesax nosnparnnact nona omo, no monnrnamn Hpecnxro Foroponnt c
+roro npemenn yxe onee ne nnna.
C rex nop nxona crana nmenonartcx n napoe nnennom Kopuemnom n npetnana n
xopuemnnne o ee saxptrnx n 1850 roy. Mnoro uyec n ncnenenn nponsomno no
monnrnam npe +ro nxono Hpecnxro Foroponnt 3namenne Kopuemnax. Hpasnonanne
n uecrt +ro nxont conepmaercx 10 exapx (27 noxpx no crap. cr.).
Hpe nxono Hpecnxro Foroponnt 3namenne Kopuemnax monxrcx o nacrannennn n
Hpanocnanno nepe, o nsannennn or epecn n pacxonon, o ncnenennn onesne pyx n nor,
or ntxncrna, o npasymnennn ornanmnx or nept Hpanocnanno n o nosnpamennn
sanyxmnx n Hepxont.

Cnnom Tnoe mnoromomno monnrnt oparn na nyrt noxaxnnx n nac, nmymnx cnaym
nonm yoonpexnonnym rpexy, xxo naue xent rox corpemaem exeuacno npe Ctnom Tnonm
n Forom. He rmnmcx nocnpxnyrn or cna rpexonnaro, n ne pasymenaem, xaxo xnsnt nama
npexonr, xxo ent nuepamnn, nxe mnmo ne, no xnn nam mnnocepne Tnoe, exe c
naexo nonnrn Tee: Annnnyna.

Bce ynonanne name nosnoxnm na Tx, Hpenarocnonennax Foroponne, monnm Tx: npocrpn
Cnon Hpeuncren pyne na ymonenne x Ctny Tnoemy n Fory namemy; yn Cnopyunnna nam,
rpemntm, oxaxn nam mnnocrt, se na semnn xnnymnm; nannaue xe ramo, n crpane antne,
nexe necrt neuant, nn nostxanne, no Anrentcxne nnxn nomr nenpecranno Foxecrnennym
necnt: Annnnyna.

Monnrna Hpecnxro Foroponne nepe Ex nxono, nmenyemo 3namenne Kopuemnax
O, Hpecnxrax Bnatunne Foroponne, Heecnaro Hapx Marn, Foronspannax
Orpoxonnne! Henaexntx naexnne, ontntx ncnenenne, cnptm npecrarentnnne,
cxopxmnm yremenne n paocrt, onnmtm noxponnrentnnne n ncem n eax n nanacrxx
cymnm cxopoe nomoxenne n sacrynnenne! Homosn, o Marn Foxnx, n nam rpemntm n cxopn
name, nosnecenn paocrnm cepna nme Tnonx; ynpann n mnpe n rnmnne xnsnt namy n
ne axt no oruaxnne nnacrn. Tt o Enna ecn naue ncex cnxrtx n naue ncex Iopnnx ymon
Hpecrarentnnna nama x Fory, xxo Bcenararo Hapx Fnarax Marn. Temxe mt, rpemnnn, na
Hpeuncrt Tno opas 3namennx nsnpamme, ymnnenno npexnonxem xonena n,
naroroneno notsamme, monnm Tx, Fnarocepax Marn: ne orpnnn cmnpennaro monennx
namero n xnn nam snamenne mnnocrn Tnoex: nnxroxe o, x Tee npnerax co ynonannem,
ncxonr or Tee nocpamnen, no npocnr naroarn n npnemner ap x nonesnomy npomennm,
npocnannxx Ctna Tnoero n Fora, n Tee c Hnm, no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn 3nauenne Bepxne1arnntcxan
Poccnx, Vpan, r. Bepxnn Tarnn, 3namencxn xpam

Kem n re nanncana +ra cnxrax nxona nensnecrno. Ho npeannm, ona tna npnnecena n
onn ns ypantcxnx ropntx sanoon necxontxnmn ypnaxamn, npoxnnanmnmn nexoropoe
npemx n cxnry nmecre c monaxamn. Onaxo, mnpnax rpyonax xnsnt cxnmnnxon nm
nacxyunna, n onn pasopnnn n pasrpannn cxnr, ocrannn na rom mecre rontxo ony cnxrym
nxony 3namennx Hpecnxro Foroponnt.
Ho Opas Foromarepn ne narononnn ocranartcx n nensnecrnocrn, or cnxro nxont tn
ronoc, nonenenammn ypnaxam nenpemenno nsxrt ee c coom, yrpoxax n npornnnom cnyuae
onapyxnrt nx rpanrentcrno n pasopenne cxnra.
Hxona xnnxna uyeca n Hentxncxom sanoe, a sarem xora n Bepxne-Tarnntcxom sanoe
tna nocrpoena nepxont, tna nepenecena rya. Kamennt 3namencxn xpam, sanoxennt
n 1859 n ocnxmennt n 1876 roy, cymecrnyer n ontne. B rot conercxo nnacrn ne
saxptnancx.
uyornopnt opas Foxne Marepn 3namenne naxonrcx y nenoro xnnpoca na ananoe
no crexnom. K opasy npnnement yxpamennx or naroapntx nounrarene, nonyunnmnx
ncnenenne. Topnenax uacrt nxont onanena ornem n noxape 1861 roa. Cam opas ornem ne
nonpexen.
Ha nxone nsopaxenne Foromarepn Opanrt, no noxc, c nosertmn n monnrne pyxamn. Ha
rpyn Foxne Marepn, n meantone nsopaxenne Foromnaenna, xoropt npano pyxo
narocnonnxer, a n neno epxnr cnepnyrt cnnrox. C npano cropont or nnxa Foxne
Marepn nsopaxenne Xepynnma, a c neno Cepa]nma.
Hxona ouent nounranact n nounraercx xax n camom Bepxnem Tarnne, rax n n oxpyre.
Kpecrnte xot c Bepxnerarnntcxo uyornopno nxono Foxne Marepn 3namenne
conepmannct npaxrnuecxn n reuenne ncero nera. Hanpnmep, otua npnnocnrt
uyornopnt Opas n Henopyxncxn sano noxnnncx n 1872 roy n namxrt npexpamennx
nnxopaxn n naexa cxora, npoonxanmnxcx oxono nyx ner.
Kpecrnte xot c Bepxnerarnntcxo uyornopno nxono Foxne Marepn conepmannct
o xonna 20-x roon XX nexa n npexparnnnct no sanpery conercxo nnacrn.
O nounrannn Bepxnerarnntcxo nxont cnnerentcrnymr n enanmnecx c nee cnncxn. B
anrape Bepxnerarnntcxo 3namencxo nepxnn xpannrcx pyxonnct nauana XX nexa,
coepxamax sannct ycrnoro npeannx o xnnennn n uyecax Bepxnerarnntcxo uyornopno
nxont Foxne Marepn 3namenne.

Monnrna
Hapnne nama Hpenarax, naexa nama, Foroponne. Hpnxrnnnme cnptx n crpanntx
Hpecrarentnnne, cxopxmnx Paocre, onnmtx Hoxponnrentnnne; spnmn namy ey,
spnmn namy cxopt. Homosn nam xxo nemomntm, oxopmn nac xxo crpanntx. Ony namy
necn, paspemn ry, xxo nonnmn. xo ne nmamt nntx Homomn pasne Tee, nn nntx
nac n noxptemn no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Foxne Marepn Tpyuencxax
Poccnx, Hensencxax on., Haponuarcxn p-n, c. Cxanono, Tponne-Cxanon monacrtpt
uyornopnt opas ns Haponuarcxo Tponne-Cxanono onrenn Hensencxo enapxnn.
Onrent tna snamennra cnonmn nyxxnnomerpontmn nemepamn, xoropte npenocxonnn
nnno snamennrte nemept Kneno-Heuepcxo nanpt. Ha xpanxmecx n onrenn nxone
tno oosnaueno, uro nanncana ona tna n 1765 roy monaxom En]nmnem Cnaco-
uenncxoro monacrtpx ropoa Tpyuencxa Opnoncxo ryepnnn (ntne Fpxncxax onacrt).
Hpenonaramr, uro nxona onrenn tna xem-ro noapena.
Hepnte ynomnnannx o nxone oxoxr o nac c xonna XVIII nexa. Tora n Haponuar n
nnxamne x nemy cena npnmna xonepa. Oxnauennte nannxo xnrenn npnmnn x monaxam c
npocto o nomomn. Kpecrnt xo c nxono, xoroptm nce mecrnoe nacenenne n
cnxmennnxn npomnnct no Haponuary, naonro nsrnan crpamnoe saonenanne. C rex nop
nxona crana nounrartcx n napoe xax uyornopnax. K ne nomnn nanomnnxn, a n camn
monaxn satnn, uro raxoe onesnn.
Hocne npnxoa x nnacrn ontmennxon monacrtpt orann no nrnne]apnxy. Hemept
nsopnann. Or nyx xnnomerpon nosementx ocrannct rontxo 600 merpon. Hxony xe ornecnn
n xpaeneuecxn myse, re opas crann ncnontsonart n xauecrne crona n nocranxn nx
nnerountx ropmxon. uepes nexoropoe npemx nxona oxasanact n nocoxe mysex, re n xana
cnoero uaca. A rounee 1994 roa.
Hmenno rora cnyxnrenn nnont cosannoro monacrtpx, xoropt x romy npemenn cran
xencxnm, onapyxnnn n oxymenrax ynomnnanne o Tpyuencxo nxone Foxte Marepn. B
myseno xe onncn mysentx nennocre n 1975 roy nanpornn crpoxn Tpyuencxax nxona
Foxne Marepn croxna nannct: yrepxna. Ho crapannxmn mecrnoro xpaenea n
xypnanncra, n ro npemx peaxropa rasert Haponuarcxne nonocrn, Bnanmnpa
A]anactennua Honxxona +ra nxona tna naena n sanacnnxax mysex. Ee orxonana no
rpyo pyxnxn npexrop mysex Maprapnra A]nnorenona.
Ha nxone tnn nnnt nnmt rnasa Cnacnrenx n nnx Foroponnt. Ocrantnoe tno
noxptro remno-seneno nnecentm. Hocne raxoro xpanennx nxony npnmnoct ornosnrt na
pecranpannm n Tponne-Ceprneny Hanpy. Ho or +roro cnxro opas ne norepxn cnoe
uyornopno cnnt. Hsnecren cnyua, xora n onrent ns Capancxa npnexana ontnax
ryepxynesom xenmnna. Ona monnnact nepe Tpyuencxo nxono Foxne Marepn n,
yesxax omo, nsxna c coo macno or namnaxn nepe uyornopno nxono. oma ona c
monnrno masana cex +rnm macnnnem n ncxope nonyunna nonnoe ncnenenne. uepes mecxn
ona nnont npnexana n Haponuarcxn monacrtpt, urot nosart xnany cnxro nxone.
Mecrnournmoe npasnonanne conepmaercx 16 oxrxpx (3 oxrxpx no crap. cr.).

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Oxonenxan (Paencxan)
Poccnx, Tnepcxax on., Cennxaponcxn p-n, oxono . Oxonnt

26 max 1539 roa, n ent Comecrnnx Cnxroro yxa, n Tnepcxo enapxnn, na
Btptmencxom roponme, naxonnmemcx cpen pemyuero neca na epery peuxn Btptmnn
n Oxonenxo nonocrn, neanexo or ropoa Pxena, nnoxom Cre]anom npn creuennn napoa
ns uertpex oxpecrntx epenent tnn operent: npnnrt x cocne ontmo xenesnt
xpecr n na pyrom epene neontmax, craporo nnctma, nxona, nsopaxanmax Foxnm
Marept c Mnaennem n c npecroxmnm cnxrnrenem Hnxonaem Mnpnnxncxnm,
uyornopnem. Hpn xnnennn cnxroro xpecra n nxont noccnxn neotunt cner n
conepmannct ncnenennx. B npoonxenne neenn or yxona nx o saronentx npe
Herpontm nocrom conepmnnoct 27 ncnenenn.
Hnox Cre]an, a ncne sa nnm cnxmennnx ns Pxena Ipnropn Onncn]opon, noexann n
Mocxny c onncannxmn xnnennx cnxrtx nxont n xpecra n conepmnnmnxcx uyec.
Bosrnannxnmn rora Pyccxym Hepxont mnrpononnr Mocxoncxn Hoaca] (15391541)
npocnannn Iocnoa n, nocne ocnnerentcrnonannx uyornopenn na mecre, narocnonnn
nosnnrnyrt ram na xpama no cnany Hponcxoxennx uecrntx pen Kpecra Iocnonx n n
uecrt Foromarepn Onrnrpnn, c npnenom no nmx cnxrnrenx Hnxonax uyornopna. Ha
ocnxmenne nepxne tnn npncnant cnxmennnx n naxon ns Mocxnt c nepxonno yrnaptm,
opasamn, pnsamn, xnnramn n xonoxonamn.
B xnnape 1541 roa Pxencxax nxona tna ropxecrnenno npnnecena n Mocxny nx
ocnxmennx nosnnrnyroro sect xpama n uecrt Pxencxo nxont Foxne Marepn. Hocne
ocnxmennx nepxnn nxona n xpecr tnn nepenecent n Vcnencxn coop, re naxonnnct o
11 nmnx (no crapomy crnnm). B +ror ent pxencxne cnxrtnn tnn nosnpament x mecry nx
uyecnoro operennx. Mnrpononnr co ncem coopom cronnunoro yxonencrna, monoo
napt Hoann Bacnntennu n nect napo nponoxann nxony or Vcnencxoro coopa o nepxnn
Foromarepn Pxencxo, re tn ocrannen cnncox co urnmoro opasa. B namxrt +roro
ropxecrna tno ycranonneno npasnonanne Pxencxo nxone Foxne Marepn 11 nmnx (24
nmnx no nonomy crnnm).
B npomnte npemena orpomnoe xonnuecrno nanomnnxon yuacrnonano n exerontx
npasnecrnax n uecrt uyecno nxont n nenenoro ncrounnxa, orxptnmerocx n nyx
nepcrax ntme no reuennm pexn. H renept mnorne nepymmne npnesxamr na ropxecrna n
uecrt Oxonenxo nxont Foxne Marepn. Hanomnnxn npnxnatnamrcx x cnxrtne n
onnnamrcx noo cnxroro ncrounnxa. Mnorne ontnte nonyuamr ncnenenne, n nnxro ne
saonenaer.
B Mocxne, n nepxnn Pxencxo nxont Foxne Marepn, na Tnepcxo ynnne y
Hpeuncrencxnx nopor, n namxrt npnnecennx cma nxont n xpecra tn ocrannen cnncox c
Oxonenxo-Pxencxo nxont Foromarepn. Kpome roro, yupexen tn cma xpecrnt xo 11
nmnx (crap. cr.), n ent, xora cnxrtnn Btptmencxoro roponma tnn nponoxaemt
oparno ns Mocxnt. 3ror xpecrnt xo conepmancx o npemen nmneparpnnt Exarepnnt II.
Hmennct eme mecrnournmte cnncxn c Pxencxo nxont, a nmenno: n Mocxne, n nepxnn ee
nmenn na Honapcxo ynnne, n eme n ropoe Pxene roramne Tnepcxo ryepnnn.

Tponapt, rnac 4
Hpecrarentnnne neparnax, o Onrnrpne roronax! Tnepcxnx semnn n rpaa Mocxnt
xpacora n cnana, nect n xpon Tno ncn npneraem n ymnntno nonnem Tnoemy xpenxomy
sacrynnennm, npocxme nsannennx or sntx nanernnxon npanocnannx, npncno opmmnx nac,
n nonyunrn, Foroponrentnnne uncrax, roxn nencuepnaemtx uyecntx ncnenenn or Tnoex
npeuyntx nxont monnrno npecroxmero npe Toom Mnpnnxncxoro uyornopna
Hnxonax a ycepno ncn Tnoe npononemt name orpaxenne.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Tonrcxan
Poccnx, r. pocnannt, Bonxcxax na., 1, myse Mnrpononnutn nanart
urnmte cnncxn: Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Hanpymnncxn nep., 10, Iocyapcrnennax
Tpertxxoncxax ranepex
Poccnx, r. Canxr-Herepypr, Hnxenepnax yn., 4, Iocyapcrnennt Pyccxn myse
Vxpanna, r. Hexnn, Cnxro-Bneencxn xencxn monacrtpt
Harnnx, r. Pnra, yn. Kpnmtxna Fapona, 126, Cnxro-Tponne-Ceprnen xencxn monacrtpt

Tonrcxax nxona Foxne Marepn uyornopnax nxona, pennxx urnmax cnxrtnx Tonrcxoro
xencxoro monacrtpx no pocnannem. Coxpannnnct rpn nxont, nponcxoxmne ns
Tonrcxoro monacrtpx n nastnaemte Tonrcxax: ontmo opas XIII nexa n na noxcntx
opasa.
Honnnnax uyornopnax Tonrcxax nxona naxonrcx n pocnancxom mysee n pas n ro n
npasnnunt ent ntnosnrcx n Tonrcxn Xencxn Monacrtpt no pocnannem. 3ra
noxcnax nxona Foromarepn, xnnnmaxcx, xax ronopnr npeanne, xpocnancxomy enncxony
Hpoxopy n necy na epery Bonrn.
Cnncox nocnene uerneprn XIII nexa xpannrcx n Iocyapcrnenno Tpertxxoncxo
ranepee. Ha ne nsopaxena nocceammax na rpone Foromarept c npnntnynmnm x Ee mexe
Mnaennem Xpncrom, croxmnm na Ee xonenxx (xpannrcx n Tpertxxoncxo ranepee n
Mocxne)
Eme onn cnncox noxcno, nauana nepno nononnnt XIV nexa xpannrtcx n Pyccxom
mysee n Canxr-Herepypre.
B 1314 roy xpocnancxn enncxon Hpoxop (n cxnme Tpn]on) nosnpamancx n cno
xa]epantnt ropo. Ho nyrn tn cenan npnnan. Houtm enncxon ynnen nnnt
ornennt cronn, nonxnmncx na npornnononoxnom epery, y ycrtx peuxn Tonrn, re n re
npemena croxn pemyun op. Orpaxenne cronna n nonxcxo noe opasonano cneronym
opoxxy nanoone nynno. Han na xonenn n nomonnnmnct, enncxon nepemen na pyro
eper no noe n ram namen ncrounnx cnera na nepmnne ornennoro cronna napnn opas
Hpeuncro c Hpeneuntm Mnaennem.
Vrpom, yennmnct, uro nce cnyunnmeecx n nonnout ne tno conntm nnennem, nnatxa
co cnonmn cnyxnrenxmn nauann crponrt na mecre xnnennx Hpeuncro epenxnnt xpam.
Hpocntmanmne o uye xpocnannt ronnamn ycrpemnxnnct na Tonry, urot npncoennnrtcx
x crponrenxm, rax uro x nonynm nepxont tna rorona, a x neuepy ocnxmena no nmx
Bneennx. Bnocnecrnnn sect tn ycrpoen monacrtpt (1314 r.).
B 1392 roy (no cxasannm, a no ncropnuecxnm sanncxm n 1428 roy) npn nrymene
monacrtpx Iepmane xnnnoct nopasnrentnoe uyo. 3a yrpennnm orocnyxennem or npano
pyxn Foromarepn ncrexna crpyx mnpa, nanonnnn xpam naroyxannem. Or neno noxxn
Mnaenna ncrexna pyrax crpyx mnpa. Ono oxasanoct nenentm.
B 1553 roy napt Hnan Iposnt, no nyrn ns Knpnnno-Fenosepcxoro monacrtpx n Mocxny,
ocranonnncx n Tonrcxo onrenn n sect ncnennncx or onesnn nor. B snax naroapnocrn
rocyapt ntcrponn n onrenn xamennt coop. Mnoxecrno uyec, sacnnerentcrnonanntx
ouennnamn, sanncano n monacrtpcxnx neronncxx: paspemenne nennocrna, ncnenenne
rnyxnx, yneuntx, cnacenne yronammnx, axe nocxpecenne meprntx. Mnorne rocyapn
xeprnonann na oycrpocrno monacrtpx.
Hsnecrno necxontxo cnyuaen, xora uyornopnax Tonrcxax nxona npnnocnma tna n
pocnannt. B 1612 roy no npemx Cmyrt n pocnanne, rora npemenno cronnne pyccxoro
rocyapcrna, copanoct semcxoe ononuenne. B +ro npemx nauanoct moponoe nonerpne,
tcrpo pacnpocrpanxmmeecx ns-sa cyxo norot. Knxst mnrpn Hoxapcxn nasnaunn
ncenaponoe monenne nepe uyornopno Tonrcxo nxono. Hocne ropxecrnennoro
xpecrnoro xoa +nnemnx yrnxna. Bnocnecrnnn xpecrnt xo no ropoam n yesam
pocnancxo enapxnn cenancx exerontm.
B 1654 roy monenne nepe nxono cnacno nme or ouepeno +nnemnn. Mop
npexparnncx n ent Kpecrnoro xoa. B 1654 roy nxona cnacna nme n or sacyxn. oxt
ntnan cpasy nocne roro, xax nxony onecnn noxpyr ropoa.
C annnx nop c Tonrcxo enannct cnncxn, ocoo urnmtmn cpen nnx tnn nxont n
ennute onrenn n Hexnne, n Bocxpecencxo nepxnn nonorocxoro cena Hoxyencxoe, n
Herponannoncxom monacrtpe Mnencxa n n mecreuxe Hnnyxcre Kypnxncxo ryepnnn.
Hsnecrno necxontxo cnncxon noxcno nxont. Bo nnont orxptrom Tonrcxom monacrtpe
naxoxrcx nonte cnncxn Tonrcxo nxont 1314 roa. Hpasnonanne nxont ycranonneno 21
(8 no crap. cr.) anrycra.

Tponapt, rnac 4
nect cnerno cnxer na Tonre opas Tno, Hpeuncrax eno Foroponne, n, xxo connne
nesaxonmoe, ncera nepntm noaecx, eroxe nnen na nosyce, nennnmo Anrent, xxo
nnxnm, epxnma, npeocnxmennt enncxon rpaa Pocrona Tpn]on reue xo xnnennomy
cnerxmemycx cronny ornenny, n no noam, xxo no cyxy, npee, n monxmecx Tn nepno o
nacrne n o nmex. H mt, x Tee npnrexammee, sonem: Hpecnxrax eno Foroponne, nepno
Tx cnanxmnx cnaca, crpany namy, apxnepeen n ncx poccncxnx napot or ncex e
nsannxx no nennne Tnoe mnnocrn.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Oc1popaucxan (Bnnencxan)
Ocrpopamcxax nxona Foxne Marepn (Bnnencxax nxona), uyornopnax nxona, mnpoxo
nounraemax npanocnanntmn n xaronnxamn n Fenopyccnn, Hnrne, na Vxpanne n n Hontme;
naxonrcx n uaconne, nastnaemo Ocrpax Fpama (Ocrpte Bopora) n Bnntnmce. Ha nxone
Foromarept nsopaxena no noxc, ronona cxnonena, rnasa onyment, pyxn cxpement na
rpyn; na ronone nyxxpycnax xopona, nnm oxpyxen ocrptmn nyuamn cnxnnx co
snesamn; sonouenax pnsa nonnocrtm saxptnaer ]nrypy, ocrannxx orxptrtmn rontxo nnx n
pyxn. Hpanocnannte nastnamr Ocrpopamcxym nxony raxxe Kopcyncxax Fnaronemenne,
cnxstnax c ne nereny o pennem nponcxoxennn ns Kopcynn n cunrax nsopaxenne
Foromarepn uacrtm cnent Fnaronemennx. Karonnxn nnxr n ne opas Henopouno ent
Mapnn, xoropt nosnnx n sanano-enponecxom ncxyccrne no nropo nononnne XVI nexa.
Ocrpopamcxax nxona ncnonnena n 16201630-e rot n, nepoxrno, nocnponsnonr
nepnoopas, cosannt nnepnancxnm xyoxnnxom Maprenom e Bocom. B mro-sanantx
cnanxncxnx semnxx n n Hontme nmeercx px urnmtx cnncxon Ocrpopamcxo nxont. B
XVIIIXIX nexax n uaconne Ocrpopamcxo nxont perynxpno conepmanoct xaronnuecxoe n
npanocnannoe orocnyxenne.
B 1829 roy Hnx Hpeuncro ent tn nononnen n xaronnuecxom yxe. Ionopxr, uro n
ry nopy na nxone moxno tno eme pasnnunrt nepxonnocnanxncxym nannct: uecrnemax
Xepynnm n cnannemax es cpannennx Cepa]nm <. >Hxona ncx noxptra
mnorouncnenntm mnoxecrnom merannnuecxnx npnnomenn n nne nsopaxenn cnxrtx n
pasntx uacre rena, xoropte cnyxar esmonnntmn, no xpxnmn cnnerentcrnamn oxasanntx
xora-ro naroexnn Foromarepn uenoneuecxomy poy <>Ocrpopamcxax nxona noome
xnnxercx onnm ns npexpacnemnx nsopaxenn Foromarepn. Ho ycranonnnmemycx n
Bnntne otuam, ne rontxo xpncrnane, no n nmn pyrnx ncnoneann npn npoxoe uepes
Ocrpopamcxne nopora onaxamr ronont. Bt ncera moxere ynnert noxpyr uaconnn
napo, cpen xoroporo mnorne croxr ryr xe, na ynnne, na xonenxx (E. Hocenxnnn
Foromarept. Onncanne Ee semno xnsnn n uyornopntx nxon).
C saxptrnem n 1832 roy Kapmennrcxoro monacrtpx, Tepesnncxn xocren nepenmenonan
n Ocrpopamcxn n ocrancx n neennn enoro pnmcxo-xaronnuecxoro yxonencrna. B
nacroxmee npemx omecrnennoe orocnyxenne nepe Ocrpopamcxo nxono conepmaercx
no pnmcxo-xaronnuecxomy opxy, no c nnuno monnrno n noxnonennem x +romy opasy
no-npexnemy npnrexamr n npanocnannte. Cnncxn Ocrpopamcxo nxont Foxne Marepn
sannmamr nooammee mecro xax n npanocnanntx xpamax Hnrnt, rax n n omax nepymmnx.
Cnncxn Ocrpopamcxo nxont Foxne Marepn sannmamr nooammee mecro xax n
xpamax, rax n n omax nepymmnx, nexoropte ns nnx uyornopnte. Onn ns raxnx cnncxon
naxonrcx n xa]epantnom coope ropoa Omcxa.
B apxnne Omcxoro xa]epantnoro coopa naxonrcx pyxonncnoe cnnerentcrno no
nasnannem Kparxax ncropnx nxont Foxte Marepn Bnnencxax Ocrpopamcxax. Ono
cocranneno n 2005 roy Iannno Enenxo, noxeprnonanme +ror opas coopy, n
paccxastnaer o necxontxnx uyecntx cnyuaxx, xoropte Iocnot xnnn nam uepes +ry nxony
Hpeuncro n Hpenarocnonenno ent.

Tponapt Coopy Hpecnxro Foroponnt
Hpeuncrax Foromarn, Foroponne, Coop Tno uecrnt yxpamen mnoropasnnuntmn
oporamn, apt Tn npnnocxr, Iocnoxe, mnorn mnpcrnn nmne, Vst nama rpemntx
pasepn Cnoem mnnocrnm n cnacn ymn nama.

Hxona Ma1epn Boanen Oc1popaucxan (Bnnencxan) Xepconeccxan
Hnrna, r. Bnntnmc, ropocxne nopora Bnntnmca (Ocrpax pama)
Cnncox: Kptm, r. Cenacronont, mtc Xepconec, Cnxro-Bnanmnpcxn coop

Xepconeccxax nxona xnnxercx rouno xonne opnrnnantno Bnnencxo-Ocrpopamcxo
nxont Foxne Marepn. Hanncana ona na nyx coennenntx yontx ocxax: Foromarept
nsopaxena no noxc, es Mnaenna Xpncra, c ntpaxennem rnyoxoro mnpa n ymnnennocrn.
Pyxn Foroponnt n Hpncnoent Mapnn cnoxent xpecroopasno, na rnany nopyxena
xopona, no ncem nanpannennxm or Hnxa ncxoxr nyun.
Hxona Foxne Marepn Bnnencxax-Ocrpopamcxax cnncox uyornopno nxont,
ntnesenno nennxnm xnxsem Ontrepom ns cpenenexonoro Xepcona (Xepconeca
Tanpnuecxoro) n cronnny Bennxoro xnxxecrna Hnroncxoro, ntne npetnaer n
nospoxennom xepconeccxom coope cnxroro Bnanmnpa. B 1852 roy, nesaonro o nauana
Kptmcxo nont, na roponme Xepconec tn ocnonan monacrtpt, a n 1861 roy nosne
mecra nepoxrnoro xpemennx cnxroro xnxsx Bnanmnpa sanoxen Bnanmnpcxn coop.
Topxecrnennax saxnaxa xepconeccxoro coopa (ononmennt Bnanmnpcxn coop tn
nocrpoen n camom Cenacronone na Henrpantnom xonme) nponcxonna n npncyrcrnnn
nmneparopa Anexcanpa II n ero cemtn, a saxonunnn crponrentcrno n 1892 roy, rax xax
paspymennt nocne Kptmcxo nont ropo nospoxancx ouent menenno. Hpoexr
pecranpannn coopa tn paspaoran n Knene eme n nauane 1980-x roon, n nacroxmee npemx
xpam nonnocrtm noccranonnen n pacnncan.
C monnrno x nxone Hpecnxro Foroponnt Ocrpopamcxax opamamrcx yymne
marepn, urot y nnx ne cnyunnoct ntxntma n n nenom epemennocrt npomna
narononyuno. Ocoenno xe npneramr x +ro nxone re epemennte xenmnnt, xoropte
onxnt nexart na coxpanennn n ontnnne.

Monnrna o coxpanennn nnoa nxone Foxte Marepn Ocrpopamcxax
Hapnne mox Hpenarax, naexo mox Foroponne, Hpnxrennme cnptx n crpanntx
Hpecrarentnnne, cxopxmnx Paocre, onnmx Hoxponnrentnnne! 3pnmn mom ey,
spnmn mom cxopt, nomosn mn xxo nemomny, oxopmn mx xxo crpanna. Ony mom necn,
paspemn ry, xxo nonnmn: xxo ne nmam nntx Homomn, pasne Tee, nn nntx
mx n noxptemn no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Monnrnennoe npomenne
Hpecnxrax Foroponne, ne ornparn nnna Tnoero or menx, rpemno pat Foxte (cnoe
nmx), n npnmn monnrny cnm x Tee, or ncero cepna nosnocnmym, coxpann nno upena moero
n narononyuno pasponrecx no npemx naronorpenoe narononn Tnoem nennxom n
nenspeuennom mnnocrtm.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn nnonocnmn Hc1ounnx
Xnnonocnt Hcrounnx uyornopnax nxona Foxne Marepn, naxonnmaxcx n
xoncranrnnonontcxom monacrtpe Foromarepn Hnrn (Hcrounnxa), ncnonnennax na crene n
rexnnxe mosanxn n XIV nexe. Hpecnxrax Foroponna c Foromnaennem nsopaxena na nxone
na ontmo xamenno uame, croxme n nooeme. V nooema, nanonnennoro xnnornopno
noo, nsopaxent crpaxymne renecntmn neyramn, crpacrxmn n ymenntmn nemomamn.
Bce onn ntmr +ry xnnnrentnym noy n nonyuamr pasnnunte ncnenennx.
B V nexe n Koncranrnnonone, nns rax nastnaemtx 3onortx nopor, naxonnact poma,
nocnxmennax Hpecnxro Foroponne. B pome tn ncrounnx, c annnx nop npocnannennt
uyecamn. Hocrenenno +ro mecro sapocno xycrapnnxom, a noy sarxnyno rnno.
Onaxt nonn Hen Mapxenn ncrpernn n +rom mecre cnenna, nyrnnxa, cnnmerocx c oporn.
Hen nomor emy ntrn na rponnnxy n ycrponrtcx n renn nx ortxa, a cam ornpannncx na
noncxn not nx ocnexennx cnenoro. Bpyr on ycntman ronoc: Hen! He nmn not anexo,
ona sect nnsxo. Vnnnennt ranncrnenntm ronocom, on cran ncxart noy, no ne namen.
Kora xe ocranonnncx n neuann n saymunnocrn, nropnuno pasancx ror xe ronoc: Hapt
Hen! Hon no cent +ro pomn, nouepnnn not, xoropym ram naemt, n nano em
xaxymero, rnny xe, xoropym naemt n ncrounnxe, nonoxn na ero rnasa. Horom rt
ysnaemt, xro , ocnxmammax +ro mecro. nomory ree ncxope nosnnrnyrt sect no nmx
Moe xpam, n nce, npnxoxmne cma c nepom n npnstnammne Moe nmx, nonyuar ncnonnenne
cnonx monnrn n nonnoe ncnenenne or neyron. Kora Hen ncnonnnn nce nonenennoe, ro
cneno nemenenno npospen n es npononnxa nomen n Koncranrnnonont, npocnannxx
Foromarept. 3ro uyo conepmnnoct npn nmneparope Mapxnane (391457).
Hen Mapxenn ncxope cran nmneparopom (457473). On ncnomnnn o xnnennn n
npecxasannn Foxne Marepn, npnxasan ouncrnrt ncrounnx n saxnmunrt n xamennt xpyr,
na xoroptm tn nocrpoen xpam n uecrt Hpecnxro Foroponnt. Hmneparop Hen nasnan
+ror ponnx Xnnonocntm ncrounnxom, rax xax n nem npoxnnnact uyoecrnymmax
naroart Foxne Marepn. Tora xe tna nanncana n nxona, nmenyemax c rex pennnx nop
Xnnonocnt ncrounnx.
Hmneparop Rcrnnnan Bennxn (527565) tn uenonexom rnyoxo npnnepxenntm x
npanocnanno nepe. On onro myunncx noxno onesntm. Onaxt n nonnout on ycntman
ronoc: Tt ne moxemt nepnyrt cee sopontx, ecnn ne nantemtcx ns Moero ncrounnxa.
Hapt ne snan, o xaxom ncrounnxe ronopnr ronoc, n nnan n yntnne. Tora Foxnx Marept
xnnnact emy yxe nem n cxasana: Bcrant, napt, nn na Mo ncrounnx, ntne ns nero not
n yemt, xax npexe, sopon. Fontno ncnonnnn nonm Bnatunnt n ncxope ntsoponen.
Fnaroapnt nmneparop nosnnr oxono xpama, ycrpoennoro Htnom, nont nennxonennt
xpam, npn xoropom nnocnecrnnn tn cosan mnoronmnt monacrtpt.
B XV cronernn nsnecrnt xpam Xnnonocnoro ncrounnxa tn paspymen
mycyntmanamn. K pasnannnam xpama npncrannnn crpaxnnxa-rypxa, xoropt ne nosnonxn
noxonrt x +romy mecry. Hocrenenno crporocrt sanpera cmxrunnact, n xpncrnane
nocrannnn ram neontmym nepxont. Ho n ona n 1821 roy tna paspymena, a ncrounnx
sactnan. Xpncrnane nnont ouncrnnn pasnannnt, orxptnn ncrounnx n no-npexnemy
uepnann ns nero noy. Bnocnecrnnn n onom oxne cpen onomxon tn naen
nonycrnnnmn or npemenn n ctpocrn nncr c sannctm ecxrn uyec or Xnnonocnoro
ncrounnxa, conepmnnmnxcx c 1824 no 1829 rot. Hpn cynrane Maxmye npanocnannte
nonyunnn nexoropym cnooy n conepmennn orocnyxennx. Onn nocnontsonannct em,
urot n rpern pas nosnnrnyrt xpam na Xnnonocntm ncrounnxom. B 1835 roy c
nennxnm ropxecrnom Harpnapx Koncranrnn n cocnyxennn 20 apxnepeen n npn ontmom
xonnuecrne oromontnen ocnxrnn xpam; npn xpame ycrponnn ontnnny n oraentnm.
Onn ]eccannen c monoocrn ncntrtnan cnntnoe xenanne nocernrt Xnnonocnt
ncrounnx. Haxonen, emy yanoct ornpannrtcx n nyrt, no n nyrn on rxxeno saonen.
uyncrnyx npnnnxenne cmeprn, ]eccannen nsxn cnono co cnonx cnyrnnxon, urot onn ne
npeanann ero norpeennm, a ornesnn reno x Xnnonocnomy ncrounnxy, ram nosnnnn na nero
rpn cocya c xnnonocno noo n rontxo nocne +roro norpenn. Xenanne ero tno
ncnonneno, n y Xnnonocnoro ncrounnxa x ]eccannny nepnynact xnsnt. On npnnxn
nnouecrno n n narouecrnn nponen nocnenne nn xnsnn.
nnenne Htny Mapxenny Foxne Marepn conepmnnoct 4 anpenx 450 roa. B +ror ent
17 anpenx no nonomy crnnm, a raxxe exerono n nxrnnny Cnerno cemnnt Hpanocnannax
Hepxont npasnyer ononnenne xoncranrnnonontcxoro xpama n uecrt Xnnonocnoro
ncrounnxa. Ho ycrany n +ror ent conepmaercx unn nooocnxmennx c nacxantntm xpecrntm
xoom.
C pennnx npemen nsnecrna nxona Xnnonocnt ncrounnx n na Pycn. B nauane XVIII
nexa cnncox c nxont Xnnonocnt ncrounnx tn npnnecen n Caponcxym nycrtnt.
Bennxn crapen Cepa]nm ouent nounran nxony, mnornx ornpannxn x ne monnrtcx. Ecrt
nxona Xnnonocnt ncrounnx n n Mocxne. B Hapnntno mnrpn Kanremnp, conernnx
Herpa Hepnoro, nocrponn xpam, a nepecrpannan n ononnxn ero ctn Kanremnpa Anrnox,
nsnecrnt pyccxn no+r. Cnyxt n xpame ne npexpamannct onee nyxcor ner, no nepe
camo nono ero saxptnn n pasrpannn. B cnxrtx crenax n pasnoe npemx pacnonarannct
rpanc]opmaropnax crannnx, rnnorpa]nx, cronxpnax macrepcxax. Ceronx xpam nosnpamen
npanocnanntm xpncrnanam, n nem nosononnnnct cnyxt.
Ha Pycn nxont Xnnonocnt Hcrounnx noxnnnnct n XVII nexe. B XVIIXIX nexax
ocoo urnmte nxont Xnnonocnt Hcrounnx naxonnnct n Caponcxo nycrtnn, n Tyne,
n Honoennutem monacrtpe n Mocxne n no mnornx pyrnx ropoax no nce Poccnn, n rom
uncne n Cononenxom monacrtpe (nanncana no saxasy cononenxoro apxnmanpnra n
Koncranrnnonone).

Tponapt, rnac 4
Houepnem, uenonent, nentt ymam n renom monnrnom, Pexa o ncem npereuer
Hpeuncrax Hapnna Foroponna, ncrouammn nam uynym noy n nsmtnammn cepen
uepnocrn, rpexonntx crpynt ounmammn, ymn xe ocnxmammn nepntx Foxecrnennom
naroarnm.

Konax, rnac 8
Or nencromnmtx Tx, Hcrounnue Foronaroarnt, noaemn mn, rouamn not Tnoex
naroarn, npncnorexymn naue cnona. xo o Cnono Poxmax naue cmtcna, monm Tn cx,
opocn mx naroarnm, a sony Tn: paycx, Boo Cnacnrentnax.

Monnrna
O Hpecnxrax Iocnoxe Bnatunne Foroponne! Btmmn ecn ncex Anren n Apxanren, n
ncex rnapn uecrnemn; nomomnnna ecn onnmtx, nenaemmnxcx naexnne, yornx
sacrynnnne, neuantntx yremenne, anuymnx xopmnrentnnne, narnx oexnne, ontntx
ncnenenne, rpemntx cnacenne, xpncrnan ncex nonoxenne n nacrynnenne. O Bcemnnocrnnax
Iocnoxe, eno Foroponne Bnatunne, mnnocrnm Tnoem cnacn n nomnny Cnxremnx
Harpnapxn npanocnanntx, Hpeocnxmenntx mnrpononnrt, apxnenncxont n enncxont n
nect cnxmennnuecxn n nnouecxn unn, n ncx npanocnanntx xpncrnant pnsom Tnoem
uecrnom samnrn; n ymonn, Iocnoxe, ns Tee es cemenn nonnornnmarocx Xpncra Fora
namero, a npenoxmer nac cnnom Tnoem cntme na nennnmtx n nnnmtx nparn nama.
O Bcemnnocrnnax Iocnoxe, Bnatunne Foroponne! Bosnnrnn nac ns rnynnt
rpexonntx n nsann nac or rnaa, rynrentcrna, or rpyca n norona, or ornx n meua, or
naxoxennx nnonnemenntx n mexoycontx pann, n or nanpacntx cmeprn, n or
nanaennx npaxnx, n or rnernopntx nerp, n or cmepronocntx xsnt, n or ncxxoro sna.
Hoaxt, Iocnoxe, mnp n spanne paom Tnonm, ncem npanocnanntm xpncrnanom, n
npocnern nm ym n oun cepeunnn, exe xo cnacennm; n cnoon nt, rpemntx pat Tnox,
Hapcrnnx Ctna Tnoero, Xpncra Fora namero; xxo epxana Ero narocnonenna n
npenpocnannennax, co Fesnauantntm Ero Ornem, n c Hpecnxrtm, n Fnarnm, n
Xnnornopxmnm Ero yxom, ntne n npncno, n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Houomnnna n poax
Cnncox: Poccnx, Mocxoncxax on., r. Cepnyxon, coop Hnxont Fenoro

C nesanamxrntx npemen nsnecrno, uro n mnnyrt xecrouamnx crpaann npn poxennn
ere, xora cmeprt rax nnsxa, xenmnnt npneramr c ocoenno ropxuem monnrnom x
Cnacnrenm n Hpeuncro Marepn Ero. uacro npn +rom onn ncnomnnamr Ee nxony B poax
Homomnnna (Homoxenne poam). B narouecrnntx cemecrnax n n name npemx moxno
nnert +ry nxony Foromarepn. Ha ne Hpecnxrax ena nsopaxena croxmem n pocr n
nosenammym pyxn, c Mnaennem npn nepcxx, xax na nxone 3namenne.
Cymecrnyer eme n pyrax ouent pennxx nxona, nmemmax nasnanne Opas Hpecnxro
Foroponnt, Homorarentnnnt xenam uat poxarn. Ha +ro nxone Foxnx Marept
nsopaxena c orxptrom rnanom n pacnymenntmn no nneuam nnacamn, co cnoxenntmn na
rpyn pyxamn. Hnxe cnoxenntx xncre pyx nsopaxen cnxmn npn nepcxx Foromnaenen.
Inana Foromarepn necxontxo naxnonena. Bce nsopaxenne nomemeno na nonymecxne.
Mecronaxoxenne nonnnnnxa nxont Foxne Marepn B poax Homomnnna
nensnecrno, no mnorouncnennte cnncxn n nonte nepcnn +ro nxont cymecrnymr no mnornx
xpamax Poccnn n n omax nepymmnx nme. Onn ns cnncxon nxont naxonrcx n coope
Hnxont Fenoro n Cepnyxone. Tam yxe necxontxo ner npoonxamrcx cnnerentcrna
neocxyenamme nomomn Foroponnt ncem c nepom x He npnnaammnx.
Hcropnx xnnennx uyornopnoro opasa Hpecnxro Foroponnt raxona. B 1993 roy
nennxnm nocr nacroxrent coopa nporonepe Bnanmnp Anpeen npnuaman na omy
crapymxy. Ona nepeana emy nxony Foxne Marepn. Ho cnonam orna Bnanmnpa, remnax,
n nayrnne n mnoronerne ntnn, c saxonuenno pnso, nxona tna noona rem mnornm
rtcxuam nxon, xpannnmnmcx n rot arensma na uepaxax. Cam opas tn emy nesnaxom,
a xora on pacuncrnn oxna n nsopaxenne, ro nenontno axnyn nxona nastnanact
Homoxenne poam.
Bcnomnnnnct, paccxastnaer oren Bnanmnp, nepnte pot xent: noutm oromemne
not, cxopax nomomt n nnmt uepes cyrxn cymaromnax crnmynxnnx poon npauamn,
cencnc, xoropt tn otuntm n namem poome, n cmeprt peenxa. uepes necxontxo ner
nropte pot: xena n peannmannn, nonroa onn oma c rpyntm peenxom. H monnrna
neymenax, cnonmn cnonamn, no ropxuax n epsnonennax, net x npocnn y Fora coxpannrt ne
xnsnn: xent n ouepn. ne anan nnxaxnx oeron, nnrynrnnno nonarax, uro Iocnot
ncnonnxer namn montt ne nsamen xaxnx-nno namnx oemann, a ncxnmunrentno n cnny
Cnoe narocrn n nmnn x nam. Horom, xora cnona moero opamennx x Fory crann yxe ne
npocnrentntmn, a naroapcrnenntmn, x npyr onapyxnn, uro nosnnxna exenennax
norpenocrt oroomennx, ro ecrt monnrnt n xenanne nosnannx.
Inxx na opas Foxne Marepn Homoxenne poam, on cocrannn axa]ncr, n ceuac, no
npomecrnnn mnororo npemenn, nce eme ynnnxercx, xax emy +ro yanoct ncero sa na
neuepa. Axa]ncr tn narocnonnen mnrpononnrom Kpyrnnxnm n Konomencxnm Rnenannem.
3ro cnyunnoct nocne uyecnoro cnacennx epemenno xenmnnt n ee eme ne ponnmerocx
mnaenna.
C roro npemenn xaxym cyory n xpame conepmaercx moneen c urennem axa]ncra n
noocnxrnem nepe cnxrtm opasom. Cnnerentcrna nme, nonyunnmnx nomomt or monnrn
nepe nxono Homomnnna n poax sanocxrcx n cnennantnym xnnry, n nx cranonnrtcx nce
ontme.

Tponapt, rnac 4
Anrenon nnnt naroroneno Tee cnyxar, n ncx Cnnt Heecnte nemonuntmn rnact Tx
ynaxamr, Homomnnne n poax, ycepno monnm Tx, Foroponne, a npeyemn cnane
Iocnoa, upes nxony Toom xnnennym n cnerosapnt nyu cnant uyec Tnonx a nocxnrnr
or rtmt, c nepom Tee monxmnxcx, n nonnmmnx Fory: Annnnyna.

Monnrna
O Hpecnxrax Iocnoxe Bnatunne Foroponne, n semno xnsnn nac ne ocrannxmmax! K
xomy monnrnt nosnecy, x xomy cnest n nostxannx npnnecy ame ne x Tee, ncex nepntx
Vremenne! Co crpaxom, nepom, nmonnm, Marn Xnnora, monm: a npasymnr Iocnot nmn
npanocnanntx no cnacenne, a acr poxart nam ua Tee n Ctny Tnoemy no
naroyroxenne, a conmer nac n uncrore cmnpennx, n naexe o Xpncre cnacennx, n
apyer nam ncem, n noxponax naroarn Tnoex, semnoe yremenne. Xpann nac no cennm
mnnocrn Tnoe, Hpeuncrax, monxmnmcx o poax nomosn, naneron sntx cnoon, rxxxnx
e, nanacre n cmepre ornparn. axt naroarnoe npospenne, yx coxpymennx o rpecex,
axt spern ncm ntcory n uncrory aponannaro nam Xpncrona yuennx; xpann nac or
nornentnaro oruyxennx. a ncn, naroapne nocnenamme nennunx Tnox, cnoonmcx
Heecnoro ycnoxoennx n ramo c nosnmnenntmn Tnonmn, co ncemn cnxrtmn npocnannm n
Tponne Ennoro Fora: Orna n Ctna n Cnxraro yxa, ntne n npncno, n no nexn nexon.
Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Mnexonn1a1entnnna
A]on, Xnnenapcxn monacrtpt
Cnncox: Hrannx, Panenna, asnnnxa Can-xonannn-3nanxenncra (xaronnuecxax)

Hxona Foxne Marepn Mnexonnrarentnnna nepnonauantno naxonnact n nanpe
npenoonoro Cannt Ocnxmennoro nns Hepycannma. Cnxro ocnonarent Hanpt npn
xonunne npecxasan parnn, uro Hanpy nocernr nanomnnx ns Cepnn Canna, n nonenen
nepeart emy n narocnonenne uyornopnym nxony. 3ro n cnyunnoct n XIII nexe. B nepno
nononnne XIII nexa Hanecrnny nocernn cnxrnrent Canna, nepnt apxnenncxon Cepnn.
Hocemenne npocnannennoro nnatxn tno nocnpnnxro xax ncnonnenne pennero
npopouecxoro sanemannx cnxroro Cannt Ocnxmennoro, n cnxrnrenm, nmecre c uyornopno
nxono Foxne Marepn, nmenyemo Tpoepyunna, Hanpa narocnonnna n opas
Mnexonnrarentnnnt.
Cnxrnrent Canna Cepcxn npnnes nxony n Xnnenapcxn monacrtpt na Cnxro Iope
A]on n nocrannn ee no npanym cropony nxonocraca, n nepxnn npn Kapecxo xennnn,
nnocnecrnnn nasnanno Tnnnxapnnne, rax xax ram xpannncx ycran cnxrnrenx Cannt.
Ceuac uyornopnax nxona Foroponnt Mnexonnrarentnnna xpannrcx n Xnnenapcxom
monacrtpe na A]one, nepnonauantno naxonnact n nanpe Cannt Ocnxmennoro. B 1860 roy
ee cnncox tn npnnesen n Kypcxym ryepnnm. Hecmorpx na +ro nxona npoonxaer
ocranartcx nectma pexo. Ho cnoxnnmecx rpannnn nepe +ro nxono ocoenno
ycepno monxrcx marepn o narononyunom rpynom ncxapmnnnannn n soponte mnaennen.
Hounraemt n Hrannn opas Mnexonnrarentnnnt naxonrcx n asnnnxe Can-
xonannn-3nanxenncra n Panenne.

Tponapt, rnac 3
Fes cemenn or Foxecrnennaro yxa, nonem xe Oruem sauana ecn Ctna Foxnx, or Orna
es marepn nex cyma, nac xe pan ns Tee es orna tnma, nnornm ponna ecn n Mnaenna
mnexom nnrana ecn, remxe ne npecra monnrn nsannrncx or e ymam namnm.

Monnrna npe nxono Foxne Marepn Mnexonnrarentnnna
Hpnnmn, rocnoxe Foroponrentnnne, cnesnax monennx paon rnonx, x Tee
npnrexammnx. 3pnm Tx na cnxre nxone, na pyxax nocxmym n mnexom nnrammym Ctna
Tnoero n Fora namero, Iocnoa Hncyca Xpncra. Ame n esonesnenno ponna ecn Ero,
oaue marepnnx cxopn necn n nemomn ctnon n mepe spnmn. Temxe renne npnnaamme x
nentonocnomy opasy Tnoemy n ymnnenno ce notsamme monnm Tx, Bcemnnocrnnax
Bnatunne: nac rpemntx, ocyxenntx n onesnxx ponrn n n neuanxx nnrarn uaa nama,
mnnocrnnno noman n cocrpaarentno sacrynn, mnaennt xe nama, raxoxe n ponnmax
nx, or rxxxaro neyra n roptxnx cxopn nsann. apy nm spanne n naromomne, a n
nnraemnn or cnnt n cnny nospacrarn yyr, n nnrammtx nx ncnonnxrcx paocrnm n
yremennem, xxo a n ntne npecrarentcrnom Tnonm ns ycr mnaennen n ccymnx Iocnot
conepmnr xnany Cnom.
O Marn Ctna Foxnx! Vmnnocepncx na marepn ctnon uenoneuecxnx n na nemomnte
nmn Tnox: nocrnrammtx nac onesnn ncxope ncnenn, nanexamtx na nac cxopn n neuann
yronn, n ne npespn cnes n nostxann paon rnonx. Vcntmn nac n ent cxopn npe
nxonom Tnoem npnnaammnx, n n ent paocrn n nsannennx npnnmn naroapnax
xnanennx cepen namnx. Bosnecn montt nama xo npecrony Ctna Tnoero n Fora namero, a
mnnocrnn yer xo rpexam n nemomem namnm n npoannr mnnocrt Cnom neymtm nmx Ero,
a n mt, n uaa nama npocnannm Tx, Mnnocepym 3acrynnnny n nepnym naexy poa
namero, no nexn nexon.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Hsann1entnnna o1 e
Poccnx, r. Tontxrrn, c. Tamna, Cnxro-Tponnxax nepxont

B mexynpemente or ]enpantcxo o oxrxptcxo penonmnnn 1917 roa n cene Tamna
Cranponontcxoro paona Camapcxo onacrn (neanexo or conpemennoro r. Tontxrrn) tn
xnnen uyornopnt opas Hpecnxro Foroponnt Hsannrentnnna or e.
Te ynnnrentnte cotrnx tnn onncant nensnecrntm anropom n Crnxornopnom
nonecrnonannn o uyecnom xnnennn nxont Foxne Marepn Hsannrentnnnt or e.
Vpoxenxe c. Tamnt, npemenno npoxnnanme n cocennx Mycopxax, xenennne Kare
xnnnact no cne Hapnna Heecnax n yxasana mecro, xya nyxno norn n ntxonart ns semnn
Ee opas. ennna cxasana o +rom cnonm nopyram uene Arxxmeno n Hame
Ianpnnenxono, n ry nopy tnme yxe nonnne. Brpoem onn nomnn x ramnnncxnm
onparam. B opore Kare cnona tno nnenne: nnepen Anrent n entx oexax no nosyxy
nponocnnn nxony. Bcxope ona noxasana nopyram ro mecro. Kora onn nauann xonart,
napo cmorpen neonepunno na nx sarem. Bcxope onn ynnenn n ocrann ns semnn nxony,
a na mecre ee xnnennx ns semnn yapnn momnt ponnx.
Cnxmennnx cena Mycopxn oren Bacnnn Kptnon ornec nxony n ramnnncxym nepxont. A
no opore cnyunnoct nepnoe uyo ncnenennx: onenmax rpnnart na roa Anna Topnona
npnnoxnnact x nxone n npyr nouyncrnonana npnnnn cnn. Bennxax paocrt oxnarnna
npanocnanntx! Hxony nonoxnnn na ananoe nocpen xpama nx noxnonennx napoa.
Bcxope npnexan n ramnnncxn cnxmennnx oren nmnrpn Mnrexnn. Ho nxona uyecntm
opasom ymna ns xpama. Hepxonnt cropox E]nm Kynnxon noutm ynnen necx monnnn,
mentxnynme ns xpama n cropony onpara. Vrpom n nepxnn nxont yxe ne namnn.
Bropoe xnnenne Hsannrentnnnt or e tno n exape 1917 roa. Hnx Foroponnt
onxrt noxnnncx n ponnxe. Ho orny nmnrpnm nxona ne anact n pyxn. Tora cnxmennnx
ynan na xonenn n cran xaxrtcx n cnonx rpexax, monnn y Foroponnt n y npnxoxan
npomennx Hxona ncnntna onxrt, n ee nsxna nsnecrnax yxe Hama Ianpnnenxona. C rex
nop cnxro opas yxe ne noxnan ceno.
o 1925 roa c nxono Hsannrentnnna or e ycrpannannct xpecrnte xot. Becrt o
cnyunnmemcx n Tamne pasnecnact no ncemy Hononxtm. Hmn mnn n mnn x cranmemy
cnxrtm mecry. Honte nnacrn ne crann c +rnm mnpnrtcx. Hepxont tna saxptra, a nxony
cnacnn nepymmne nepeanann nrane ns nst n nsy. Horom esoxnnxn pemnnn
noxonunrt n c ponnxom: nocrannnn nosne ncrounnxa cxornt nop n sanannnn cnxroe
mecro nanosom. Ho ponnx ntxnn, rontxo nponncx eme n onom mecre n necxontxnx
marax or npexnero, Foroponunoro. B nony nepxont orxptnn nnont, n nee nepnynact n
nxona.
Mnoxecrno nanomnnxon xaxt ent ycrpemnxercx n Tamny. Hoxnonxmrcx uyornopno
nxone Foxne Marepn Hsannrentnnna or e, xynamrcx n cnxrom ncrounnxe, nanpamr
nennrentno not nx pontx n nnsxnx xax nennxym cnxrtnm nesyr ee omo. Ha
ramnnncxom xnanme npocxr monnrn npncnonamxrntx camapcxnx nonnxnnxon, c nepo n
narym nomomt epyr sementxy c mornn naxennoro Crenana, monaxnnn Cepa]nmt. Ho
nepe n conepmamrcx mnorouncnennte ncnenennx. Hpasnonanne nxone conepmaercx 6 nmnx
(24 max no crap. cr.).

Tponapt, rnac 4
xo npecnernax snesa npocnx Foxecrnenntmn uyect cnxrt Tno opas,
Hsannrentnnne, nyuamn naroarn mnnocepnx Tnoero osapn n nomn cxope, noaxt
yo n nam, Bcenarax eno, nsannenne or e n ncnenenne neyron ymenntx n renecntx,
cnacenne n nennm mnnocrt.

O, Bcenerax, Bcenmnmax nama Marn, ymnnocepncx ntne n nomnny nac, n nmrtx n
estcxontx eax cymnx, Ennomy cymy, nac nsannxmmy, n nayun nac cepeuno
nocnenarn Fory, cnacammemy nac: Annnnyna.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Bcex cxopnmnx Paoc1t (Mocxna)
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, yn. F. Optnxa, 20, xpam nxont Bcex Cxopxmnx Paocrt

uyornopnax nxona Bcex Cxopxmnx Paocrt nnepnte npocnannnact n 1688 roy, n
Mocxne, n Hpeopaxencxo Cxopxmencxo nepxnn na Optnxe, ncnenennem pono
cecrpt Harpnapxa Hoaxnma En]nmnn, xoropax rax crpaana or pant n oxy, uro nnnt
tnn nnyrpennocrn. Cosnanax cnoe esnaexnoe nonoxenne, ona rontxo n monnrne ncxana
cee noxpennenne n yremenne.
C ocoenno monnrno ontnax xenmnna opamanact x Hpecnxro Foroponne.
Onaxt no npemx monnrnt ona ycntmana ronoc: En]nmnx, nouemy rt ne npneraemt x
ome nx ncex Hcnennrentnnne? Ie xe mne narn raxym ncnennrentnnny?
cnpocnna ontnax. Ecrt n xpame Hpeopaxennx Ctna Moero, orneuan nennnmt
Ionoc, opas Mo, nmenyemt Bcex cxopxmnx Paocrt. On cronr na neno cropone n
rpanese, re otxnonenno cranonxrcx xenmnnt. Hpnsonn cnxmennnxa +ro nepxnn c +rnm
opasom, n, xora on orcnyxnr moneen c noocnxrnem, rt nonyunmt ncnenenne.
Hcnennnmnct, ne satna Moero x ree mnnocepnx n ncnoney onoe n npocnannenne
Ctna Moero Hncyca Xpncra n Moero nmenn.
Hpnx n cex, En]nmnx ysnana or pontx, uro ecrnnrentno n xpame Hpeopaxennx na
Optnxe ecrt nxona Bcex cxopxmnx Paocrt, nonpocnna npnnecrn ee x cee n om n
nocne monena npe nem nonyunna ncnenenne. 3ro tno 24 oxrxpx, n c roro npemena +ra
nxona xnnxna mnoxecrno uyecntx ncnenenn.
Becrt o uyecnom ncnenennn nonyunna mnpoxn orxnnx. Homnmo Cxasannx o +rom uye
tnn cocrannent cnyxa n monnrnt nxone, a nsorpa]t napcxo nxononncno macrepcxo
npn Opyxeno nanare crann cosanart c nee cnncxn. Hepxont Hpeopaxennx na Optnxe
crana nsnecrno n napoe ne xax Cnaco-Hpeopaxencxax, a xax Cxopxmencxax no
npneny, nocnxmennomy uyornopnomy opasy.
Hpn conercxo nnacrn nepxont tna saxptra n npenpamena n ]onoxpannnnme
Iocyapcrnenno Tpertxxoncxo ranepen. Ho nexoroptm cneennxm, xpannnmaxcx ram
nxona ncuesna. Ta nxona, xoropax xpannrcx ceuac na Optnxe, no ono ns nepcn,
xnnxercx nxnaom Harpnapxa Anexcnx I, noapnnmero ee xpamy, xora n rot Bennxo
Oreuecrnenno nont tnn nosononnent cnyxt. 3ro rount cnncox c nepnonauantno
nxont, cosannt, no-nnnmomy, no nropo nononnne XVIII nexa. Ho pyro nepcnn, +ro
nmenno ra nxona, xoropax naxonnact ram o saxptrnx xpama.
Hsnecrnt mnorouncnennte cnncxn opasa Foroponnt Bcex cxopxmnx Paocrt,
naxonnmnecx n pasnnuntx ropoax Poccnn. Hx nxonorpa]nx nonropxer xax mocxoncxym,
rax n nerepyprcxym nxont. Or nnx nponcxonnn pasnnunte uyeca, nocnyxnnmne
npnunno nx mecrnoro nounrannx. Hnxe npnneen px nanonee nsnecrntx cnncxon, c
xoroptmn cnxsant camocroxrentnte npeannx.
1. Pemnencxax tna nonyuena n ap or crpancrnymmero monaxa narouecrnno nono
Mapne Cannu, xoropax, nonyunn or nxont uyecnym nomomt, nocrponna e xamennt
xpam n cene Pemnene Kpemenenxoro yesa Bontncxo ryepnnn. B 1650 roy npn
ocnxmennn xpama no monnrne marepn tn ncnenen or napannua mnaenen.
Hxona xnnxercx xonne Hnepcxo, no mecrntmn xnrenxmn nmenyercx Bcex cxopxmnx
Paocrt. Hpasnonanne nxone conepmaercx 7 anrycra (24 nmnx no crap. cr.).
2. Eme onn opas naxonrcx n nepxnn ontnnnt Kneno-Heuepcxo Hanpt. On tn
nocrannen rya, no npeannm, ocnonarenem ontnnnt cnxrtm xnxsem Hnxonaem Cnxrome
(ox. 108014 oxrxpx 1143). Opas npocnannncx mnorouncnenntmn ncnenennxmn. Ho
npeannm, cropox ontnnnt sameuan necxontxo pas xenmnny, npnxonnmym n ontnnny x
rxxenoontntm, xoropte nocne +roro ntsopannnnann. Onaxt on ynnen na crene na
ymnpammnm monaxom n ornecxe nynnoro cnera nsopaxenne Foromarepn. Fontno roxe
ynnen +ro nnenne n ntsoponen.
3. Haxonnmaxcx n nonorocxo rmpemno ontnnne nxona, npnnanexanmax, cornacno
nosnemy npeannm, cnxromy xnxsm Hnany Anpeennuy (n nnouecrne Hrnarnm). Hxona
yuacrnonana no ncex ropocxnx xpecrntx xoax. He nosnee 1827 roa nxony yxpacnnn
cepepxntm nosonouenntm oxnaom. 3ror cnncox ne coxpannncx.
4. B Boponexe n Forocnoncxo nepxnn. Ho npeannm, n napcrnonanne Herpa I onn
noenoa, npoesxax no pexe Boponex mnmo xpama, orxasancx or npenoxennx amranra
noxnonnrtcx nxone, cxasan: V nac nce uyornopno. Honxnmaxcx ypx, rposnnmax
saronnrt noxy, ntsnana y noenot pacxaxnne n xenanne npnnoxnrcx x nxone, uro n tno
nm ncnonneno. Hxona nounranact uyornopno, or nee nponcxonnn mnorouncnennte
ncnenennx, n n naroapnocrt sa nnx nmn yxpamann opas nornnntmn npnnecamn
(nemamn, npnnocnmtmn n ap no oery). E tno ycranonneno ononnnrentnoe
npasnonanne na rpern ent nocne nx Cnxro Tponnt.
5. Eme ona nxona cnncox ns rnepcxo xnanmencxo nepxnn, nepnonauantno
naxonnmncx n xa]epantnom coope ropoa. Hepnoe coomenne o ncnenennn or nero
arnpymr nropo nononnno XVIII nexa. B antnemem or opasa nmn neonoxparno
nonyuann ncnenennx, n x 1776 roy nxona tna yxpamena mnorouncnenntmn nornnntmn
npnnecamn. Ocoo nxona npocnannnact ncnenennxmn n xonepnte 1848 n 1853 rot. Hocne
+nnemnn ee yxpacnnn cepepxntm sonouentm oxnaom.
6. B Toontcxe naxonncx cnncox nxont, cosannt na pyexe XVIIXVIII nexon
(nononnen n 1745 roy). Hauano nounrannx nxont nensnecrno, no n 1752 roy, xora ee
nepenocnnn n nont xpam, na ne yxe tn cepepxnt sonouent oxna. Xpamonax onnct
1795 roa coomaer, uro na nxone tno mnoxecrno nornnntx npnnecon, xonen, xpecron n
paronenntx xamne. Hxona ocoo nounranact xynnamn, xoropte exerono nocnnn ee n
ropronte pxt nx monenon. Hxona ne coxpannnact, no ee nocnponsneennxm XIX nexa (no
mnornx xpamax Toontcxa tnn ee urnmte cnncxn) nsnecren ee pasmep 71 x 53 cm.
Hxonorpa]nx ornocnnact x rnny Vmnnenne n nocemenne n ee crpaxymnm.
7. Hsnecren cnncox ns Cxopxmencxo nepxnn oma mnnocepnx n Xapnne (Knra),
ocnonannoro n 1920-x roax. Hxona tna apom corpynnnt enncxona Hecropa
(Anncnmona), n ncxope cnxmennnx onapyxnn ononnenne remntx xpacox na nxone,
npnnemee x ononnennm opasa. 3ro crano nauanom nounrannx nxont cpen
npanocnanntx Xapnna. B 1950-x roax nepxont tna saxptra, n ncx ee yrnapt n ypancrno
nepemnn rocyapcrny. Crapocra nepxnn 3. H. Tayn-3nepena cmorna nonyunrt paspemenne
ntnesrn nxony n Ionxonr, orxya n 1965 roy ee nepenesnn n CBA, re nomecrnnn n
cnnoantnom coope Pyccxo Hpanocnanno Hepxnn sa rpannne.
Homnmo xpama na Fontmo Optnxe, n nepnonpecrontno ntne ecrnymr eme uertpe
npnxocxnx xpama no nmx nxont Bcex cxopxmnx Paocrt (na 3- Memancxo npn
Crapo-Exarepnnnncxo ontnnne, na Kannrnnxoncxom xnanme (c mecrnournmtm
cnncxom), na 3anene (onee nsnecrnt no npneny xax xpam upona n Hanpa) n npn
ncnxnarpnuecxo ontnnne na Kanarunxono aue); raxoe xe nocnxmenne nmeer n npecron
ontnnunoro xpama Hnxono-Vrpemcxoro monacrtpx. Hpexe n Mocxne nmennct raxxe
Cxopxmencxn xencxn monacrtpt na Honocnoocxo ynnne n nourn ecxrox
Cxopxmencxnx nepxne, n rom uncne npn necxontxnx ontnnnax, npnmrax n rmptme
Marpoccxax rnmnna.
Hpasnonanne nxont ycranonneno 6 noxpx (24 oxrxpx no crap. cr.).

Monnrna
O Hpecnxrax Bnatunne n Foroponne, ntcmax Xepynnm n uecrnemax Cepa]nm,
Foronspannax Orpoxonnne, ncex cxopxmnx Paocre! Hoaxt yremenne n nam, n cxopn
cymtm: pasne o Tee nnoro npnexnma n nomomn ne nmamt. Tt enna ecn paocrn namex
xoaranna, n xxo Marept Foxnx n Marn mnnocepnx, npecrox y Hpecrona Hpecnxrtx
Tponnt, moxemn nam nomomn: nnxroxe o npnrexax x Tee nocpamnen orxonr. Vcntmn
yo n nac ntne n ent cxopn npe Tnoem nxonom npnnaammnx n co cnesamn Tee
monxmnxcx: orxenn or nac nanexamnx na nac cxopn n neuann n ce npemenne xnsnn, ne
nnment xe nt cornopn Tnonm ncecnntntm xoaracrnom n neuntx necxonuaemtx paocrn
n Hapcrnnn Ctna Tnoero n Fora namero. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Bcex cxopnmnx Paoc1t (Canx1-He1epypr)
Poccnx, r. Canxr-Herepypr, Cnxro-Hpeopaxencxn Coop

Cornacno ono ns nepcn, n 1711 roy nxony Foxne Marepn Bcex cxopxmnx
Paocrt (npocnannnmymcx uyom n 1688 roy) ynesna ns Mocxnt napenna Harantx
(nmnmax cecrpa Herpa I), ocrannn nmecro nee cnncox. Ho pyrnm nepcnxm, napenna,
nanpornn, ynesna cnncox, ocrannn opnrnnan n Mocxne. Onaxo oe nxont mocxoncxax n
nerepyprcxax panno nounrannct xax uyornopnte. Ecrt cneennx, uro opas Bcex
cxopxmnx Paocrt tn n pxax pyccxnx nocx n Hpyrcxom noxoe 1711 roa. Hepxonnte
ncropnxn yxe x nauany XX cronernx sarpynxnnct ornernrt, xaxax ns nxon na Fontmo
Optnxe n Mocxne nnn na Bnanepno n Canxr-Herepypre xnnxnact nepntm opasom. Ho
cyx no romy, uro nerepyprcxax nxona nanncana na xnnapncno ocxe na sarpynronannom
xoncre, ona monoxe mocxoncxo.
Hxona, npnnesennax napenno n Herepypr, tna yxpamena oxnaom n nocrannena n
omono nepxnn Bocxpecennx Xpncrona npn ee nopne sa Hnrentm nopom na Bnanepno
ynnne. Vxe npn Harannn Anexceenne nxona oraro yxpamanact nx nee nsroronnnn
cepepxnt oxna, yxpamennt ]amnntntmn paronennocrxmn napenen, saxpennnn na ne
uacrnnt pennxnn n mome cnxrtx.
Hmneparpnna Exarepnna II raxxe nounrana nxony n n 1768 roy no npemx +nnemnn ocnt
xonna x ne na oromonte nepe rem xax cenart npnnnnxy or +ro onesnn cee n
nacnennxy Hanny Herponnuy. Hpn Exarepnne II tn cosan raxxe nont oxna nx nxont.
B 18171818 roax no npoexry apxnrexropa H. Pycxa nepxont nonnocrtm nepecrponnn, n
nxony ycranonnnn n ocoo nnme cnpana or nxonocraca.
B 1858 roy nx uyornopnoro opasa no pncynxy u. I. Connnena nsroronnnn ns sonora
nont, rpern no cuery oxna, xoropt tn oraro yxpamen pnnnnanramn, can]npamn,
nsympyamn, pynnamn, rpanaramn, ronasamn, amerncramn n xemuyrom. B nero nomecrnnn
momn mnornx cnxrtx n nocne ropxecrnennoro ocnxmennx 3 anrycra, conepmennoro
mnrpononnrom Ipnropnem (Hocrnnxontm) nosnoxnnn na nxony. Eme nosnee nepxont, re
naxonnact nxona, tna nonnocrtm nepecrpoena n nonyunna no naxonnmecx n ne nxone
nmx Cxopxmencxo nepxnn. B 1932 roy xpam tn saxptr, n nxona ncuesna. B xpame raxxe
naxonnoct rpn xonnn, cenanntx c opasa napennt, nn ona ns xoroptx ne coxpannnact.
B nerepyprcxom coope Cnaco-Hpeopaxencxom nce aprnnnepnn ceuac naxonrcx
nxona, xoropax cunraercx cnncxom c nepnonauantno. Bosmoxno, +ro urnmt cnncox n
paronennom oxnae, xoropt, xax nsnecrno ns oxymenron, xpannncx pxom c nxono
napennt n Cxopxmencxo nepxnn. Ho-nnnmomy, nmenno ero n nepenecnn n coop npn
saxptrnn nepxnn.
Hpasnonanne nxont Bcex cxopxmnx Paocrt nerepyprcxo conepmaercx rax xe, xax
n mocxoncxo, 6 noxpx (24 oxrxpx no crap. cr.). Hepe +ro nxono monxrcx ne rontxo
npanocnannte nmn.

Tponapt, rnac 2
Bcex cxopxmnx Paocre n onnmtx 3acrynnnne, n anuymnx Hnrarentnnne, crpanntx
Vremenne, oypenaemtx Hpncrannme, ontntx Hocemenne, nemomntx Hoxpone n
3acrynnnne, Xesne crapocrn, Marn Fora Btmnxro Tt ecn, Hpeuncrax: normncx, monnmcx,
cnacrncx paom Tnonm.

Konax, rnac 6
He nmamt nntx nomomn, ne nmamt nnte naext, pasne Tee, Bnatunne. Tt nam
nomosn, na Tee naeemcx n Toom xnannmcx, Tnon o ecmt pat, a ne nocrtnmcx.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Bcex cxopnmnx Paoc1t (c rpomnxaun)
Poccnx, r. Canxr-Herepypr, npocnexr Oyxoncxo oopont, 235, Hepxont Cnxro
Tponnt Xnnonauantno Kynnu n Hacxa

Ho npeannm, +ror opas tn npnnr nonnamn x nmennm xynnon Kypaxnntx na Hene.
Bnocnecrnnn nxona nepemna x xynny Marneeny, mart xoroporo nponcxonna ns poa
Kypaxnntx, xoropt noxeprnonan ee Tnxnnncxo uaconne epennn Knouxn no
Herepyprom, naxonnmecx nnnsn Herepyprcxoro crexontnoro sanoa.
23 nmnx 1888 roa na nencxnmn eperamn paspasnnact crpamnax rposa. Vapom monnnn
ntxrno nnyrpennne crent uaconnn nmecre co ncemn nxonamn n paspocano monert ns
xpyxxn nx noaxnn. Opas Bnatunnt tn npnxpennen n uaconne n yrny na mnypxe. Or
rpomonoro yapa nxona cnycrnnact na semnm, npnuem Hnx Foromarepn, cnntno
noremnenmn or npemenn n xonorn, npocnernen n ononnncx. nenanart mentx moner ns
pasnro xpyxxn oxasannct npnxpennenntmn n pasntx mecrax x opasy, nnrte c
neuenoneuecxo cnno n ocxy nxont.
Hsnecrne o cnyunnmemcx tcrpo pacnpocrpannnoct no ropoy n na cneymmn ent c
narocnonennx mnrpononnra Hcnopa (Hnxontcxoro) nauanoct cnyxenne monenon nepe
nxono. Bcxope noxnnnnct n yxe ne npexpamannct uyecnte ncnenennx. C rex nop nonax
uyornopnax n nonyunna naponoe nanmenonanne Foromarepn (c rpomnxamn).
Ocoenno nopasnrentnt tnn cneymmne na uya. 6 exapx 1890 tn ncnenen 14-
nernn mantunx Hnxona Ipauen, crpaanmn npnnaxamn. Fonesnt tna npnsnana
npauamn nensneunmo. Fontno peenox yxe tn npnroronnen x cmeprn, no noutm co 2 na 3
exapx, no npemx cna, on ycntman ronoc: Hnxona! n ynnen npe coo Hpecnxrym
Foroponny, cnxrnrenx Hnxonax uyornopna n eme nensnecrnoro cnxrnrenx n enom
xnoyxe c xpecrom. Hpecnxrax Foroponna cxasana: Hnxona, noesxa n uaconnm, re
ynann monert, n rt nonyunmt ncnenenne, no pantme nnxomy nnuero ne ronopn.
Hpocnynmnct, on yenrentno cran npocnrt ornesrn ero n uaconnm. Kax nn rpyno tno
cenart +ro, npocty mantunxa ntnonnnnn, n sect no npemx monena on nonyunn
ncnenenne.
Bropoe uyo nponsomno 7 ]enpanx 1891 roa c 26-nerne Bept Fenonorono,
nnmnnmecx ronoca ns-sa onesnn ropna. Ona paccxastnana, uro e no cne xnnncx ceo
crapnuox n uepno pxce, nonoxcannt xoxantm noxcom, noxoxn na cnxrnrenx Hnxonax,
xax ero nnmyr na nxonax, n npnxasan nrn n uaconnm n orcnyxnrt moneen.
B 1893 roy nmneparop Anexcanp III monnncx n uaconne n noxeprnonan entrn n
sementnt yuacrox na crponrentcrno xamennoro xpama, xoropt tn ocnxmen 2 anrycra
1898 roa. uyornopnax ocrananact n uaconne n nepenocnnact n xpam nnmt na npemx
orocnyxenn.
B 1930-e rot nepxont na naepexno Hent tna cnecena. uaconnx Hpomtcnom Foxnnm
coxpannnact o namnx ne (npocnexr Oyxoncxo Oopont, 24), cam xe uyornopnt
opas (c rpomnxamn) naxonrcx nenoanexy, n Tponnxo nepxnn Kynnu n nacxa.
B uecrt nxont ycranonneno orentnoe npasnonanne 5 anrycra (23 nmnx no crap. cr.), a
pacnopxxennem Harpnapxa Anexcnx II or 2 anpenx 1998 roa yxasano nmenonart ee Canxr-
Herepyprcxo nxono Foxne Marepn Bcex cxopxmnx Paocrt c rpomnxamn.
Ha nerepyprcxom nsnoe (c rpomnxamn) Hpeuncrax nnmercx c pacnpocreprtmn
pyxamn, co cxnonenntm nneno nnxom, nnxnne Ee oext arpxnte, nepxnne remno-
cnnne, rnana oneuena n enoe noxptnano, es napcxoro nenna. Btme n onaxax
narocnonnxmmn Cnacnrent, noxpyr Anrent, crpaxymne nmn, senente nernn n
nenpemennte nenanart moner.

Crnxnpa, rnac 2
Bcex cxopxmnx Paocre n onnmtx 3acrynnnne, n anuymnx Hnrarentnnne, crpanntx
Vremenne, oypenaemtx Hpncrannme, ontntx Hocemenne, nemomntx Hoxpon n
3acrynnnne, Xesne crapocrn, Marn Fora Btmnero, Tt ecn Hpeuncrax, normncx, monnmcx,
cnacrncx paom Tnonm.

O Bcenerax Foroopaonannax Marn, poxmax na paocrt ney n semnn Hapx Xpncra,
Fora namero!
Vcntmn rnac cxopxmnx pa Tnonx, n npnemmn cne manoe monenne name, nsann nac or
ncxxnx e, cxope n nanacre; neyrn nama ncnenn, nanpacntm xnenert norpen, ncxxy
snoy n npaxy orxenn or nac, n yymnx nsmn myxn o Tee nonnmmnx: Annnnyna.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Cnopyunnna rpemnmx
Poccnx, Fpxncxax on., Kapauencxn p-n, c. Opnno, Hnxono-Opnncxax Hycrtnt
(xencxn monacrtpt)
urnmt cnncox: Poccnx, r. Mocxna, yn. Htna Toncroro, 2, nepxont Hnxonax uyornopna n
Xamonnnxax

Hponcxoxenne opasa Foxne Marepn Cnopyunnna rpemntx nensnecrno. Hasnanne
nponcxonr or nanncn, coxpannnmecx na nxone: As Cnopyunnna rpemntx x Moemy
Ctny.
Bnepnte +ror opas npocnannncx uyecamn n Hnxonaencxom Opnne myxcxom monacrtpe
Opnoncxo ryepnnn n cepenne npomnoro cronernx. pennxx nxona Foromarepn
Cnopyunnna rpemntx ns-sa nerxocrn cnoe ne nontsonanact onxntm nounrannem n
croxna n crapo uaconne y monacrtpcxnx nopor.
Hepnoe uyo nxona xnnna n 1844 roy, xora npecrarentcrnom Foxne Marepn tn
ncnenen or crpamntx npnnaxon manonernn ctn xynna Houennna. 3arem conepmnnnct
pyrne uyeca, n nxona crana nounrartcx uyornopno. Ee ropxecrnenno nepenecnn n
nepxont.
Cxopo n Opnoncxo ryepnnn noxnnnact xonepa, x nxone Cnopyunnna rpemntx crann
crexartcx ne rontxo soponte, no n ontnte, n, necmorpx na sapasnym onesnt, nnxro ns
npnxonnmnx ne ymnpan. Tora xnrenn noxenann npnnecrn nxony n ropo, n xonepa n Opne
npexparnnact.
B monacrtpe n uecrt uyornopnoro opasa tn nocrpoen ontmo rpexnpecrontnt
xpam. Ha nxone Cnopyunnna rpemntx Foromarept nsopaxena c Mnaennem na neno
pyxe, Koropt oenmn pyxamn Cnonmn epxnr Ee npanym pyxy. Inant Foromarepn n
Mnaenna ynenuant xoponamn.
B 1848 roy ycepnem mocxnnua nmnrpnx Fonuecxyna tn cenan cnncox c +roro
uyornopnoro opasa n nomemen n ero ome. Bcxope on npocnannncx ncreuennem
nennrentnoro mnpa, anmero mnornm ntsoponnenne or rxxxnx onesne. 3ror cnncox
nepenecnn n xpam cnxrnrenx Hnxonax n Xamonnnxax, n xoropom tn ycrpoen rora xe
npnen n uecrt nxont Foxne Marepn Cnopyunnna rpemntx.
Opnncxax uyornopnax nxona naxonnact n monacrtpe nnnort o Bennxo
Oreuecrnenno nont. B rot oxxynannn cnxrtnm yanoct nonpemx ynecrn ns onrenn. C
rex nop nauanoct ee crpancrnne. Her rpnnart nxona nepexonna ns pyx n pyxn, noxa ne
ouyrnnact na Vxpanne. Bepnyn ee n crent pono onrenn cxnmonax Maxapn,
npoxnnanmn n monacrtpe copan cpecrna noaxnnem n ntxynnn nxony y uacrnoro
nnaentna. 24 oxrxpx 1996 roa Cnopyunnna rpemntx sanxna npexnee mecro n nepxnn
monacrtpx.
Hpasnonanne nxone ycranonneno 6 mapra (21 ]enpanx no crap. cr.) n 29 max (16 max no
crap. cr.).

Tponapt, rnac 4
Vmonxaer ntne ncxxoe yntnne n crpax oruaxnnx ncuesaer, rpemnnnt n cxopex cepna
operamr yremennx n neecnom nmonnm osapxmrcx cnerno. nect o Marn Foxnx
npocrnpaer x nam cnacammym pyxy n or Hpeuncraro opasa Cnoero nemaer, rnaronx: As
Cnopyunnna rpemntx x Moemy Ctny, Ce an Mne sa nnx pyne cntmarn Mx ntny. Temxe
nmne, opemenennnn rpexmn n cxoptmn mnornmn, npnnanre x nonoxnm Ex nxont co
cnesamn, nonnmme: 3acrynnnne mnpa, rpemntx Cnopyunnne! Vmonn Marepnnmn Tnonmn
monnrnamn Hsannrenx ncex, a Foxecrnenntm ncenpomennem noxpter rpexn nama n
cnerntx nepn pacxnx ornepser nam, Tt o ecn npecrarentcrno n cnacenne poa
xpncrnancxaro!

Konax, rnac 1
uecrnoe xnnnme tnmee nenspeuennaro ecrecrna Foxecrnennoro ntme cnona n naue yma
n rpemntm ecn Cnopyunnna, noanaemn naroart n ncnenenne, xxo Marn ncex
Hapcrnymmaro: monn Ctna Tnoero nonyunrn nam mnnocrt n ent cynt.

Monnrna
K xomy nosonnm, Bnatunne, x xomy npnerny n ropecrn moe, ame ne x Tee, Hapnne
Heecnax? Kro nnau mo n nostxanne moe npnnmer n monennxm namnm cxoponocnymnnno
nnemner, ame ne rt, Bcenarax Cnopyunnne, ncex namnx paocre Paocrt? Vcntmn xe n
ntnemnxx necnonennx n monennx, n o mne rpemnom Tee npnnocnmax. H yn mne Marn n
Hoxponnrentnnne n paocrn Tnoex ncem nam Hoarentnnne. Vcrpo xnsnt mom, xxoxe
xomemn n xxoxe necn. Bpyuam o cee Tnoemy noxpony n npomtmnennm, a paocrno
ncera nom ree co ncemn: paycx Fnaroarnax; paycx Opaonannax; paycx
Hpenarocnonennax; paycx Hpenpocnannennax no nexn. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Bapcxan
Fenopyccnx, Fenopyccxoe Honecte, r. Fap, Cnxro-Vcnencxn coop

uyornopnax nxona Foxne Marepn Fapcxax na nporxxennn yxe 300 ner xnnxer uyeca
ncnenennx n mnnocrn Foxne Marepn ncem crpaxymnm, npnerammnm x ne n cnonx
cxopxx n monnrnax.
pennee npeanne nonecrnyer, uro c XVII nexa +ror pennn opas npetnan na Hoonte
n Fapcxom myxcxom npanocnannom monacrtpe, nosneennom n pemyuem necy. Cnxrtnx
xpannnact sect n epenxnnom xpame o roro momenra, noxa monacrtpt ne tn paspymen n
pasopen nonxxamn.
B XVIII nexe ynnarcxne monaxn nosponnn monacrtpt n camom ropoe Fape. O rom, uro
nxona naxonnact sect, cnnerentcrnyer neronnct Fapcxoro myxcxoro monacrtpx sa 1723
ro. B onncannn paccxastnaercx, uro n rnannom anrape cronr n ocoo nnme no
cpeponosnamenno pnso nxona Foromarepn, epxame na pyxax Mnaenna Xpncra. B
napoe ona nastnanact opasom Hpecnxro Hoxpont. Boxpyr nee coopyxen xpacnt
anaxnn c nsopaxennem nyx Anrenon, noepxnnammnx xopony. Xnnonnct na nxone
crapax, nnsanrncxoro nnctma. Hnxn Cnacnrenx n Foxne Marepn nmemr crporoe
ntpaxenne, na nnmn cepepxnte xopont n nyuesapnoe cnxnne, yxpamennoe
nenanartm snesamn.
B 1793 roy ropo Fap co nce Hoonne noccoennnncx c Poccne, a n 1837 roy Fapcxn
ynnarcxn monacrtpt cran npanocnanntm. uepes nonnexa n namxrt o +rom cotrnn
Cnxmenntm Cnnoom tno ycranonneno ocooe nounranne Fapcxo nxont Foxne Marepn
14 oxrxpx (non. cr.) n ent npasnonannx Hoxpona Hpecnxro Foroponnt.
Fnaroarnte snamennx or cnxroro opasa crann nsnecrnt no nce yxpanncxo semne. B
ero uecrt cocrannnn Hecnt Hpecnxro ent Foroponnt, uyornopno Ex nxone n
Faperpae monnrnennoe opamenne x Hapnne Heecno.
B monacrtpt npnxonno mnoxecrno nanomnnxon, ocoenno n xpamont npasnnx
Hoxpona Foxne Marepn. Monacrtpcxn cnxmennnx no npocte npnrexammnx x nnnomy
opasy unran axa]ncr Hpecnxro Foroponne. Hepexn npnmept, xora ne rontxo
npanocnannte, no n nnocnannte xaronnxn n nmrepane npocnnn conepmart monent
nepe Fapcxo nxono Foromarepn.
Hs mnornx uyecntx naroarntx snamenn Fapcxoro uyornopnoro opasa,
coxpannnmnxcx c npomemnx cronern n monacrtpcxo neronncn, moxno ormernrt
ncnenenne, tnmee n 1885 roy. Bnyuxa cnxmennnxa ropoa Fapa crpaana rxxxo nepnno
onesntm. Ponte ontno opamannct x pasntm oxropam, no nx neuenne n conert ne
anann pesyntraron. H rontxo xora orcnyxnnn moneen o spannn nepe nxono Fapcxo
Foromarepn or neyra ne ocranoct n cnea.
3ra xe neronnct onnctnaer pyro cnyua naroarnoro ntsoponnennx or cnxro
nxont. Onn xpecrtxnnn npnnes n monacrtpt ctna nxrnanarn ner, ontnoro nepnntm
paccrpocrnom. Hocne monena mantunx ycnoxonncx n conepmenno sopontm yexan omo.
Oren sacnnerentcrnonan ero nonnoe ntsoponnenne, xora nepnyncx n monacrtpt, urot
nosnecrn naroapcrnennte monnrnt. Hocne mnorouncnenntx ncnenenn n uyecno
nomomn no monnrne x Foromarepn Fapcxo mnorne xpamt n monacrtpn ne rontxo
Vxpannt, no n Poccnn crann nncart xonnn c nounraemoro opasa.
B 30-x roax XX cronernx Cnxro-Hoxponcxn, x romy npemenn yxe xencxn monacrtpt,
esoxnnxamn tn saxptr, a ero nacentnnnt nsrnant. uyornopnt opas nnoxnnxm
monacrtpx yanoct cnacrn, no paronennym pnsy npnmnoct orart npecrannrenxm
ropocxo nnacrn. Hxony monaxnnn Cepa]nma, Amnpocnx n Ianpnnna cnpxrann n nonone
oma n Fape, re onn nocennnnct nocne nsrnannx ns onrenn. Ho cnyom pennn opas
naxonncx o 90-x roon XX nexa.
B 2000 roy pennxx cnxrtnx Hoontx ns cena aunoro Oeccxo onacrn (re npemenno
xpannnact y nporonepex Bnanmnpa Mnnaena) tna npnnesena n ropo Fap n xpecrntm
xoom npnnecena n Cnxro-Vcnencxn coop, re ee ycranonnnn n ocoom xnore nosne
nxonocraca. Bepymmne norxnynnct x uyornopnomy opasy, c monnrno npnerax x
sacrynnnuecrny Hapnnt Heecno.
B 2002 roy Fapcxax nxona, noremnenmax or npemenn, ononnnact nocnernenn nnxn
Foxne Marepn, Cnacnrenx, crann nnnt pyxn n nenen na rnane Foroponnt. Ceronx
uyornopnt opas naxonrcx n apcxom Cnxro-Vcnencxom coope, n mnorne nepymmne
npnesxamr noxnonnrtcx cnxrtne. Hpasnonanne Fapcxo nxone Foxte Marepn
ycranonneno 14 oxrxpx (1 oxrxpx no crap. cr.) n ent Hoxpona Hpecnxro Foroponnt.

Fypem xnrecxnx e corpxcaemn, mnoronnntmn neuantmn oxpyxaemn n rtmom
ocxyennx nept ompauaemn, x nemepnammemy cnery nmne or nxont Tnoex cnxmmemy
npnrexaem, Foromarn, npocxmn or Tee ymnpennx mnpa n npocnemennx yxonnoro.
Hpocrpn, Fnarax Marn, ecnnny Tnom n noepxn nac cnatx n nsnemorammnx. Vxpenn n
opte c cnnamn snot n nayun no cmnpennn yxa sa ncx cnyuammaxcx naroapnrn Fora
necnnm: Annnnynx.

Monnrna nepnax
Foronpocnannennax, ncemnpno nocnenaemax Iocnoxe Marn Bceepxnrenena Foroponne
Mapne!
Hpnnmn namy cnm or nonnort cepen nmxmnx Tx, npnnocnmym Tee npe cnxrom
Tnoem nxonom monnrny. xoxe o cero ne n uaca mnnocrnno noxptnana ecn ncx nmn,
npnrexammnx n xpam ce, raxo n n npenxx narocnonemn nam no ncex enex n naunnannnx
namnx, xxe ne nospanxmr namemy neunomy cnacennm. Tt necn nemomt namy, spnmt
cxopn, nyxt n cmymennx oroncmy naxoxmnx, no ncx cnx moxemn enntm roxmo
nosspennem Tnonm ymnpnrn, ame roxmo nocxomemn nomomn nam. Bemt, xxo rpex pan
namnx necmt ocronn mnnocepnx Tnoero, no Tt, Poxmax npnmemaro n mnp rpemnnxn
cnacrn, cnacn n nac na ncxx ent n uac corpemmmnx. Vxpenn cnaym nonm n nemomnoe
nponsnonenne name n oxnnornopn nac yxom ncrnnnaro noxaxnnx.
a raxo ounmennn se Tnoero noxpona ocronn yem n c ropxmnm cnernntnnxn
opoerene n Crpany Heecnym npeem nenospanno, nexe cnoonmcx noxnonnrncx
Tee, Hpeuncrax Iocnoxe, cnanxme nspanmym n nosnennunnmym Tx Hpecnxrym Tponny,
Orna n Ctna, n Cnxraro yxa no nexn nexon. Amnnt

Monnrna nropax
Hpnnnre, nmne Poccncrnn, npecnanno n npanocnanno ynaxnm Hpenarocnonennym n
Hpeuncrym Mapnm eny, n Fape rpae naroart Cnom nspenne ntny xnnnmym,
npanocnanntx nmn Hoontcxnx semnn or arapxn n capantn cnoonnmym, npanocnannym
nepy n nnenennn narnncrem coxpannnmym. K xomy yo npnernem, ame ne x Tee,
Bnatunne! Komy npnnecem cnest n nostxannx, ame ne x Tee, Hpecnxrax Foroponne!
He nmamt o nntx nomomn, ne nmamt nntx naext, pasne Tee, Heecnax Hapnne,
eno Hpeuncrax, Hecrnnne x Heecn, cnxroe Bmecrnnnme Cnona Foxnx, npnexnme
nepntm n nsannenne, ocroxnnm Tnoemy nomomt n samnmenne, cxopxmnm Hoarentnnne
neunaro paonannx, nnoxon oromyptx nosneenne x ropnemy Hapcrnnm. Tt o, xxo
nmymax epxany nenoenmym, snym epsocrt narnncxym ormcrnna ecn, nesynrcxoe n
ynnarcxoe nenpanonepne n nepy npanocnannym oparnna ecn, nepom nmx Tnoe ncexnantnoe
npnsnanmnx ornen namnx cnacna ecn n noxptna nx cnxrtm omo]opom.
He ornparn n ntne Pat Tnox rmn. Tx o enny naexy nmamt; nsann nmn Tnox
npncno n rpa n onrent, mxe nspana ecn Cee mecrom npoxnnennx naroarn Tnoex, n
Hoontcxym semnm n ncx npanocnanntx xpncrnant or ncxymenn, or naryntx,
ymenpentx yuenn, or nenepnx, pasnpamennx n nornenn neuntx, n or ncxxaro nmraro
ocroxnnx, n naneron nparon Hepxnn Tnoex npanocnanntx, n o ntne rano n neycranno
cemmnx cxnepntx nnenent na opo, or nexa npanocnanno nnne Hoontcxo; ame o ne
Tt npecroxna monxmn, xro t nsannn nepy ornen namnx or ronnxnx e, xro t n nac
coxpannn o ntne cnoont? Mt xe npenaromy Tnoemy sacrynnennm o nac paymmecx,
nsanntmecx or sntx, naroapcrnenno a nocnncyem Tn n a sonem Tn: Paycx, Henecro
Henenecrnax.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Maxcnuoncxan
Poccnx, Bnanmnpo-Cysantcxn myse-sanonennx

Maxcnmoncxax nxona Foxne Marepn nanncana n 1299 roy no nnennm cnxrnrenm
Maxcnmy, mnrpononnry Bnanmnpcxomy. Ha ne nsopaxena Foxnx Marept no nect pocr c
Hpeneuntm Mnaennem n mnrpononnr Maxcnm, croxmn na xonenxx n npnnnmammn ns
Ee pyx cnxrnrentcxn omo]op.
Hxona nanncana n namxrt xnnennx Hpecnxro Foroponnt cnxrnrenm Maxcnmy, xora on
npntn no Bnanmnp ns Knena. Ha nxone naxonrcx cneymmax nannct: Ce cnxrt n
uyornopnt opas Hpecnxrtx Foroponnt nanncan tcrt n nero 6807 (1299 r.) no
nnennm Maxcnma mnrpononnra Bnanmnpcxoro n ncex Poccnn uyornopna, poom rpexa,
no npnmecrnnm ero ns Knena no Bnanmnp B nnennn Foxnx Marept npyunna emy
omo]op co cnonamn: Pa Mo Maxcnm, xopomo, uro rt npnmen nocernrt Mo ropo.
Hpnnmn +ror omo]op n nacn no rpae Moem cnonecnte onnt. Kora cnxrnrent npocnyncx,
na ero pyxax nexan omo]op. nnenne Marepn Foxne tno snamennem Heecnoro
narocnonennx na nepenecenne mnrpononnn ns Knena no Bnanmnp. Omo]op, nepeannt
Mareptm Foxne, xpannncx n Vcnencxom coope no Bnanmnpe 112 ner. B 1412 roy, no
npemx namecrnnx rarap, omo]op tn cxptr xnmuapem coopa Harpnxnem, samyuenntm
camnm xecroxnm opasom rarapamn.
Maxcnmoncxax nxona Foxne Marepn tna ycranonnena n Cnxro-Vcnencxom coope
Bnanmnpa na mecrom, re nocne cnoe naxenno xonunnt tn norpeen mnrpononnr
Maxcnm. Bnocnecrnnn +ra nxona npocnannnact mnornmn uyecamn n crana ncepoccncxo
cnxrtne.
Hpe nxono Hpecnxro Foroponnt Maxcnmoncxax monxrcx npn pasnnuntx
xnsnenntx nensroax. Hpasnonanne nxone ycranonneno 1 max (18 anpenx no crap. cr.).

Tponapt, rnac 4
nect cnerno xpacyercx cnannemn rpa Bnanmnp, paocrno conepmax, Bnatunne,
npasnnx xnnennx Tnoero cnxrnrenm Maxcnmy, n nem tnmaro, o nemxe ntne
nocnomnnamme n monxmecx Tee, nstnaem cnne: o Hpeuynax Bnatunne Foroponne,
monncx Hpeneunomy Apxnepem Ctny Tnoemy, a nenoxonenmy yrnepnr Hepxont
Hpanocnannym, rpa nam Bnanmnp n ncm Pyccxym semnm n mnpe coxpannr n cnacer n
npanonepnn ymn nama.

Konax, rnac 6
Hpnspn na nac, Bcenerax Foroponne, noscnx npocnemenne cepnem nompauenntm n
osapn crao Tnoe, Hpeuncrax, ennxa o xomemn n moxemn, xxo Marn cymn 3nxnrenx, n
nosonn monxmnm Tx: As ecmt c namn, n nnxroxe nosmoxer na nt.

Monnrna
Hecxnepnax, Henasnax, Hernennax, Hpeuncrax, uncrax eno, Foronenecro Bnatunne, xxe
Fora Cnona uenonexom npecnanntm Tnonm Poxecrnom coennnnmax, n orpnnynmeecx
ecrecrno poa namero neecntm conoxynntmax, xxe nenaexntx enna naexo n
opnmtx nomome, roronoe sacrynnenne x Tee npnrexammnx, n ncex xpncrnan npnexnme!
He rnymacx mene rpemnaro, cxnepnaro, cxnepntmn nomtcnt n cnonect n exntmn ncero
cee nenorpena cornopma, n pasymom nenocrn cnacre xnrnx paa tnma. Ho xxo
uenonexonmnnaro Fora Marn, uenonexonmne ymnnocepncx o mne rpemnem n nynem, n
npnnmn moe exe or cxnepntx ycren npnnocnmoe Tee monenne; n Tnoero Ctna n namero
Bnatxy n Iocnoa, Marepnee Tnoe epsnonenne ynorpenxmmn, monn, a ornepsnr n mne
uenonexonmntx yrpot Cnoex narocrn, n npespen mox esuncnennax nperpemennx,
oparnr mx x noxaxnnm, n Cnonx sanonee enarenx ncxycna xnnr mx.
H npecrann mne npncno, xxo mnnocrnnax n mnnocepax n naronmnnax, n nacroxmem
yo xnrnn rennax Hpecrarentnnna n Homomnnna, conpornnntx namecrnnx orronxmmn, n
xo cnacennm nacrannxmmn mx, n no npemx ncxoa moero oxaxnnym mom ymy
conmammn, n remntx spaxn nyxantx econ aneue or nex orronxmmn, n crpamnt xe
ent Cya neuntx mx nsannxmmn myxn, n nenspeuenntx cnant Tnoero Ctna n Fora
namero nacnennxa mx noxasymmn; mxe n a ynyuy, Bnatunne mox, Hpecnxrax
Foroponne, Tnonm xoaracrnom n sacrynnennem, naroarnm n uenonexonmnem
Ennoponaro Ctna Tnoero, Iocnoa n Fora n Cnaca namero Hncyca Xpncra, Emyxe
nooaer ncxxax cnana, uecrt n noxnonenne, co Fesnauantntm Ero Ornem n Hpecnxrtm n
Fnarnm n Xnnornopxmnm Ero yxom, ntne n npncno n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Ax1mpcxan
Vxpanna, r. Axrtpxa, Hoxponcxn Coop
urnmt cnncox: Poccnx, Mocxoncxax on., Hoontcxn p-n, c. Carnno-Pyccxoe, xpam
Bosnecennx Iocnonx

Axrtpcxax nxona Foxne Marepn uyornopnax nxona, urnmax n Poccnn n XVIIIXIX
nexax. Ona tna xnnena n 1739 roy n cenennn Axrtpxa Xaptxoncxo enapxnn. B 1751 roy
Cnno nocranonnn nounrart Axrtpcxym nxony xax uyornopnym. Ha pyccxnx nxonax
XVIIIXIX nexon Foromarept nsopaxena co cnoxenntmn na rpyn n monnrne pyxamn (n
coornercrnnn c xaronnuecxo rpannne), cnena or Hee Ionro]cxn Kpecr c pacnxrtm
Hncycom Xpncrom. Hepe +ro nxono Foroponnt monxrcx o soponte, a raxxe o
noxponnrentcrne cnporam.
uyornopnax nxona Foxne Marepn xnnnact cnxmennnxy Hoxponcxoro xpama n cene
Axrtpxa. Cnxmennnx Hoxponcxoro xpama Bacnnn annnon onaxt xocnn rpany oxono
xpama. Heoxnanno on ynnen n rpane cnxmmym nxony. Hopaxennt +rnm, cnxmennnx
naroroneno nepenec opas n cno om. 3ro tno 15 (2 no crap. cr.) nmnx 1739 roa. 3ror
ent cran nem nounrannx uyornopno nxont.
uepes rpn roa nocne +roro cotrnx na npasnnx Hoxpona nxona, naxonnmaxcx n ome
cnxmennnxa, osapnnact neotuantm cnerom. nnenne +ro crano nonropxrtcx uacro,
cnxmennnx naroroneno monnncx nepe opasom, no n nnxomy ne ronopnn o uyecnom
cnxnnn. Onaxt no cne emy xnnnact Foromarept n cxasana ouncrnrt or ntnn n omtrt
uncro noo operennym nm nxony. Cnxmennnx, npocnynmnct, roruac xe nocnemnn
ncnonnnrt nonenenne Foroponnt. Houtm Bnatunna nnont xnnnact emy n nonenena
coxpannrt noy, xoropo on mtn Ee opas, cxasan, uro +ra noa yer ncnenxrt ncex
onemmnx nnxopaxo.
Cnona Foromarepn ncnonnnnnct. Cnauana ntsoponena out cnxmennnxa, xoropax onroe
npemx crpaana or nnxopaxn. Vsnan o cnyunnmemcx, x nemy n om crann npnxonrt
ontnte, urot nomonnrtcx nepe uyornopno nxono n nonyunrt oneruenne n onesnn.
Cnxmennnx nepenec nxony n Hoxponcxn xpam, re npoonxann nponcxonrt ncnenennx.
Cnana Axrtpcxo nxont pacnpocrpanxnact.
Kax ncera n raxnx cnyuaxx Hepxont onxna tna nponecrn cnecrnne o uyecax cnxro
nxont. Ono nnnoct nocemt ner, ncropnuecxax nepnocrt uyecntx cotrn
nornepnnact, n n 1751 roy Cnxremn Cnno npnsnan Axrtpcxym nxony Foxne
Marepn uyornopno.
Cpen uyec, nponsomemnx or +ro nxont, nsnecrno cneymmee. Xena nexoro renepana
Beenx Ennsanera tna ontna n npnexana n Axrtpxy, urot n ycepno monnrne nepe
uyornopno nxono ncnpocnrt cee ncnenenne. Onaxt noutm no cne ona ynnena
Foroponny n ycntmana Ee nonenenne: Hanpacno rt npocnmt nsannennx or onesnn, +ro
nx rex ne nyxno: rt cxopo ocrannmt xnsnt. Pasa no nepxnam n nnmnm nce rnoe
nmenne; raxax xeprna nocnyxnr na nontsy ymn rnoe.
Fontnax orneuana: Marn Foxnx! V menx ecrt ern, n, ecnn x pasam nce nmenne, ern
mon ocranyrcx n xpane nnmere n enocrn. Ha +ro Foroponna cxasana: He saortcx o
erxx, yy nceramne nx Hoxponnrentnnne. A rt uepes nxrt ne ympemt, noromy
rorontcx x ncxoy, nocrynn c nmennem, xax ree cxasana.
Hpocnynmnct, ontnax npnsnana yxonnoro orna n paccxasana emy o nnennn. uepes nxrt
ne, xax tno npecxasano Foroponne, ona ymepna c mnpom. Hmneparpnna Exarepnna II,
ysnan o uyecnom noxponnrentcrne, oemannom Foromareptm erxm ymepme Beent,
nsxna nyx ee ouepe na cnoe noneuenne n ntana samyx: ony sa rpa]a Hanena, pyrym sa
rpa]a uepntmena.
Axrtpcxn opas Foroponnt ocoo urnncx poccncxnm nmneparopcxnm omom.
Hpocnannennm nxont cnococrnonana nmneparpnna Ennsanera Herponna. B 1753 roy na
mecre xnnennx uyornopno nxont no npnxasy nmneparpnnt Ennsanert n na ee entrn tn
sanoxen nont xamennt Hoxponcxn xpam. Ero rnannt npecron tn nasnan n uecrt
Hoxpona Foromarepn, mxnt Axrtpcxo nxont Foxne Marepn n cenepnt no nmx
npanentx 3axapnx n Ennsanert.
B napoe nxona nounranact xax nennrentnnna or mnornx onesne; noo, xoropo
omtnann nxont Axrtpcxo Foromarepn, neunnn or nnxopaxn. Mnorne ncntrann na cee
uyecnym nomomt cnxro nxont. K 1774 roy n xnnre o uyecax ee tno sanncano 324
cnyuax.
B 1905 roy uyornopnax Axrtpcxax nxona tna orpanena; n 1917 roy ona ncuesna ns
Hoxponcxoro coopa. B ropo Axrtpxy nxona nosnparnnact n 1990 roy, ecrt cneennx, uro
npnnesena ona tna ns Coennenntx Braron.
C uyornopno Axrtpcxo nxont tno cenano necxontxo cnncxon, nounranmnxcx n
ocnonnom na mre Poccnn, ocoenno n Xaptxoncxo enapxnn. Onn ns nnx naxonrcx n
Mocxoncxo onacrn n cene Carnno-Pyccxoe Hoontcxoro paona. 3ror cnncox raxxe
nounraercx xax uyornopnt, on tn ntnonnen c yxpanncxo Axrtpcxo nxont o 1917
roa.

Tponapt, rnac 4
Hpenarocnonennax eno, Foroponrentnnne uncrax, y Kpecra Ctna Tnoero n Fora
namero npecroxmn, cxopt nennm nperepnena ecn n naroart or Hero npnxna ecn cymnx n
cxopex yremarn. Temxe na npeuncrt opas Tno naroroneno nsnpamme n
nsopaxennym Tx na nem npe Kpecrom Cnaca namero nnxme, ymnnenno x Tee nonnem:
3acrynnnne ycepnax, narax n mnnocrnnax! Vcxopn nsannrn nt or ncxxnx cxopn, nyxt
n onesnn n cnacn ymn nama, a Tx co naroapennem cnannm no nexn.

Monnrna
O Hpenarocnonennax n Mnoromnnocrnnax Bnatunne mnpa! Ce mt rpemnnn na cnxrt
opas Tno nsnpamme n na nem Tx n cxopn n cocrpaannn pacnxromy sa nac Xpncry
Cnacnrenm npecroxmy nnxme, ycepno monnm Tx nsnecrnym o nac x Ctny Tnoemy
Monnrnennnny: ne ocrann nac n ent ncntrannx n cxopn, no no ncxymennnx n nanacrex
nam tnaemtx orpan nac nceuecrntm noxponom Tnonm or npar nnnmtx n nennnmtx n
axt nam cnny, no exe nceconepmennym n narym nonm Tnopna n mnpa Bnatxn rnopnrn.
3pnmn o, Mnnocrnnax 3acrynnnne nama, xonnxo rpexam ncxuecxnm nonepxenn ecmt: ne
roxmo o nonem corpemaem, no n nenonem n mnoropasnnuntx nperpemennx nnaaem. Cero
pan x Tee epxanne Vcrponrentnnne cnacennx xpncrnancxaro npneraem n ymnnenno
nonnem: ym nam nosnannem Foxecrnenntx ncrnnt npocnern, cepne name rennorom
xpncrnancxnx nmnn n cnacnrentntx xenann corpena, nonm xe namy n nennnemepnom
sanonee Iocnonnx ncnonnennn yrnepn.
E, Iocnoxe Hpemnnocrnnax, npnnnxnn c ntcort neecntx x nostxannem n monnrne nac
rpemntx: ncnenn onesnn neyxntx, ymnpn cepna osnonenntx, axt repnenne
crpaxymnm, nnymn crpax Foxn onxmnm, yxpenn ronnmtx sa npany, cnport n nont
samnrn, noaxt yremenne nnauymnm, ncnpocn npomenne xammnmcx, emoncxym xe ypm
crpacre no rpemntx ymax yrnmn, n n cepnax urymnx Tx Xpncrony xporocrt n nmont
nxopenn, n yxom mnnocepnx n cocrpaannx cnx yrnepn; ornamtx xe or nept epernxn n
orcrynnnxn x nosnannm ncrnnt nanpann n ycra neuecrnntx, xynxmnx Cnxrym Hepxont n
nepy npanocnannym nonocxmnx, sarpan. Ormemnm or xnrnx cero ornem n parnxm n
cecrpam namnm, o Marn Foxnx, npomenne rpexon n npenauarne naxencrna neunaro
ncnpocn.
Era xe n namex xonunnt uac npnnnxnrcx, rora yo, o Bnatunne, npnnmn ymy namy
n n conme npanentx cnm ynoxo, nexe nnnn Anren n cnxrtx yronnx nemonuno
cnanocnonxr epxany n mnnocrt Orna n Ctna n Cnxraro yxa n Tnoe marepnee o nac
npecrarentcrno n sacrynnenne, ntne n npncno, n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn oncxan
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, oncxax nn., 1, oncxo monacrtpt

Cymecrnyer necxontxo nepcn nanncannx uyornopnoro oncxoro opasa Foromarepn.
Ona ns nnx, uro nxona tna nanncana nx Vcnencxoro coopa Cnmonona monacrtpx
(1370 r.). Ho pyro nepcnn oncxax nxona nepnonauantno naxonnact n Vcnencxom
coope n Konomne, nocrpoennom no yxasannm xnxsx mnrpnx oncxoro.
Hcxyccrnonet arnpymr npemx nanncannx opasa 13821395 roamn. Bo nxnano xnnre
oncxoro monacrtpx, cocrannenno n 1692 roy, nmenact sannct, uro nxona Foromarepn
tna nonecena oncxnmn xasaxamn mocxoncxomy xnxsm mnrpnm Hnanonnuy n xanyn
Kynnxoncxo nrnt. Ona tna yrnepxena na penxe, xax xopyrnt, n n npoonxenne oen
ocrananact npn pyccxom nocxe.
B ent Kynnxoncxo nrnt (21 cenrxpx no non. cr. 1380 roa) nxony nocnnn cpen
npanocnanntx nonnon nx oopennx n nomomn. Hocne noet opas nepenecnn n Mocxny
n nocrannnn cnauana n Vcnencxom, a norom n Fnaronemencxom coope. B namxrt noet,
oepxanno nomomtm Hpecnxro Foroponnt na eperax ona, nxona nonyunna nasnanne
oncxo.
B 1591 roy xptmcxn napennu Hypann n ero par Kast-Inpe nroprnnct n Poccnm n
nocrynnnn x Mocxne. B ro npemx nourn nce pyccxoe nocxo croxno n Bennxom Honropoe,
samnmax ero or mneon. Cronnna oxasanact essamnrno. Kora npaxecxo nocxo
rarapcxoro xana croxno yxe na Bopotentx ropax, napt ueop Hoannonnu nonenen
conepmnrt xpecrnt xo c nxono noxpyr ropocxnx cren. Hocne +roro ee nomecrnnn n
nonxono nepxnn. Houtm nocne ycepno monnrnt napt nonyunn orxponenne or xnnnmecx
emy Foromarepn. Monnrnt mocxnnue tnn ycntmant, n na cneymmn ent 19 anrycra
pyccxnmn nocxamn tna oepxana noea.
B namxrt o +rom n n naroapnocrt Hpecnxro Foroponne sa Ee mnnocrt na mecre
nonxono nepxnn tn ocnonan oncxo monacrtpt (nx nero cenann cnncox c nxont) n
ycranonneno npasnonanne n uecrt nxont (1 cenrxpx 19 anrycra no crap. cr.). C +roro
npemenn nxona naunnaer nounrartcx xax samnrnnna or nnonepntx n nnonnemenntx nparon.
Hepe oncxo nxono 3 nmnx 1552 roa nepe xasancxnm noxoom monnncx Hoann IV.
On nsxn ee c coo n noxo, a sarem nomecrnn n Fnaronemencxom coope Mocxoncxoro
xpemnx. B 1687 roy nxona tna n xptmcxom noxoe xnxsx Bacnnnx Ionnntna. B xonne
XVII nexa nxona tna nepenecena n noxon napennt Harantn Anexceennt, a nosnee nnont
nepnynact n Fnaronemencxn coop. Bo npemx saxnara Mocxnt nocxamn Hanoneona nxona
nnmnnact paronenntx xamne c ee oxnaa.
B 1919 roy oncxax nxona nocrynnna n Iocyapcrnennt ncropnuecxn myse, a n 1930
roy n copanne Tpertxxoncxo ranepen.
C uyornopno nxont tno cenano necxontxo cnncxon. Camt pennn ns nsnecrntx
arnpyercx xonnom XIV nexa. On tn yxpamen cepepxntm sonouentm oxnaom n
nocrynnn xax nxna n Tponne-Ceprneny Hanpy or xnxsx Bnanmnpa Anpeennua,
nomponoro para mnrpnx oncxoro.
Hocne nepenecennx nxont n Mocxny c nee tno cenano na cnncxa, xoropte Hoann
Iposnt nanpannn n Konomny. Cnncox, cenannt nx Konomencxoro Vcnencxoro coopa,
coxpannncx o nacroxmero npemenn. On ornnuaercx entm ]onom, no nropo nononnne XVI
nexa npn Konomencxom enncxone anne nxona tna saxptra oxnaom.
Hocne nsannennx Mocxnt or nocx xana Kast-Inpex c nxont tn cenan cnncox nx
oncxoro monacrtpx, ocnonannoro na mecre noxono nepxnn, re ona naxonnact no npemx
nrnt: noone npeumnte nxont Hpeuncrte Foroponnt oncxnx. B 1668 roy nx
manoro coopa oncxoro monacrtpx cnncox nxont cenan nxononncen Cnmon Vmaxon.
Opas xnnxercx nycroponnnm: na nnneno cropone nomemeno nsopaxenne Foroponnt
c Mnaennem, a na oopore nsopaxeno Vcnenne Foroponnt, ornnuammnecx ouent
xopome coxpannocrtm. Hsnauantno nxona nmena sonoro ]on, xoropt n nacroxmee
npemx yrpauen, onaxo nnxn n oext ]nryp nmemr xopomym coxpannocrt (ne
coxpannnnct nnmt Hncyca n Mapnn, xoropte nsnauantno raxxe tnn ntsonouent).
B nacroxmee npemx oncxo opas naxonrcx n Tpertxxoncxo ranepee. Exerono n ent
npasnonannx nxont ee ocrannxmr n oncxo monacrtpt nx conepmennx nepe ne
npasnnunoro orocnyxennx. Hpasnonanne nxone ycranonneno 1 cenrxpx (19 anrycra no
crap. cr.).

Tponapt, rnac 4
3acrynnnne nepntx Hpenarax n Cxopax, Hpeuncrax Foroponne eno! Monnm Tx npe
cnxrtm n uyornopntm opasom Tnonm, a xxoxe penne or nero sacrynnenne Tnoe rpay
Mocxne aponana ecn, raxo ntne nac or ncxxnx e n nanacre mnnocrnno nsann n cnacn
ymn nama, xxo Mnnocepax.

Monnrna
O Hpecnxrax Bnatunne, eno Foroponne, 3acrynnnne nama narax n cxopax! Bocnenaem
Tn ncn naroapcrnennax sa uynax ena Tnox. Hecnocnonnm or ner pennnx neoremnemoe
sacrynnenne Tnoe rpay Mocxne n crpane name, uyornopnt opasom Tnonm oncxnm
ncera xnnxemoe: n ercrno opamamrcx nonxn uyxnx, rpat n necn nenpenmn
coxpanxmrcx, nmne xe or nmrtx cmeprn nsannxmrcx. Ocymamrcx oun cnesxmnx,
ymonxamr crenannx nepntx, nnau n paocrt omym npernopxercx.
Fyn n nam, Hpeuncrax Foroponne, yremenne n ecrnnxx, nospoxenne naext, opas
myxecrna, ncrounnx mnnocrn n n cxopntx ocroxnnxx nencromnmoe repnenne nam apy.
Hoaxt xoemyxo no npomennm n nyxe ero: mnaennt nocnnra, mntx ynenomypn n
crpaxy Foxnm nayun, yntnammnn oopn n nemomnym crapocrt noepxn. Hocern n
onesnn n neuanex cymnx, sntx cepna ymxrun, paronmne yxpenn, mnpa n nmnn ncex nac
ncnonnn. Hpnmn, narocepax Marn, npaxymmnx n onpana oxneneranntx. Hcrpen
nopoxn, a ne nocxoxr rpexn nama npe Cynem ncxuecxnx, a ne nocrnrner nac
npanent rnen Foxn. Tnonmn monnrnamn, ncemomntm Tnonm noxponom orpan nac or
namecrnn npaxnnx, or rnaa, rynrentcrna, ornx, meua n ncxxaro nnaro snocrpaannx.
Vnonaem monnrnamn Tnonmn nonyunrn or Bcentmnxro Fora rpexon npomenne n
nsrnaxenne n c Forom npnmnpenne. Vmonn crxxarn nam Hapcrnne Heecnoe n no
cxonuannn xnsnn namex oecnym Hpecrona Foxnx crarn, nexe Tt, o Bcenerax eno,
Cnxre Tponne n neune cnane npecronmn. Vocro n nac c nnxn Anrenon n cnxrtx ramo
nocxnannrn npeuecrnoe nmx Ctna Tnoero, co Fesnauantntm Ero Ornem n Bcecnxrtm n
Fnarnm n Xnnornopxmnm Ero yxom, no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Hxona Boaten Ma1epn Mnponocnnxan, nnn Hapenoxoxmancxan
Poccnx, pecnynnxa Mapn 3n, Meneencxn p-n, c. Exono, Mnponocnnxn xencxn
monacrtpt

Hxona Foroponnt Hapenoxoxmacxax ntpesana na acnnnom xamne (raxoe nasnanne
na Pycn npncnonnn mnnepany mynrnr) n onoxena cepepom n sonorom. Ona raxxe
nmenyercx Mnponocnnxo, noromy uro na ne, xpome Foromarepn, nsopaxent raxxe n
Xent-mnponocnnt.
O xnnennn opasa nsnecrno cneymmee. B 1647 roy (1 max no crap. cr.) xnrent epennn
antnne Kysnent Anpe Xonnnn c uepemncom Manancxo nonocrn Aryranxom
Heementm naxann semnm. Bo npemx paort onn npyr samernnn, uro neanexo or nx na
semne nexnr nxona Foromarepn, ntpesannax na acnne n onoxennax cepepom. Kora
Anpe noomen nnxe n xoren nonxrt ee, ona crana nennnmo. Hsymnennt xpecrtxnnn
neoymenan, uro t +ro snaunno. Kora, onaxo, on ornxencx xpyrom, ro ynnen
nopasnrentnoe xnnenne: nxona Foromarepn croxna na epene, nnxem ne noepxnnaemax, n
or nee ncxonno neotxnonennoe cnxnne. Vcepno nomonnnmnct, Anpe nsxn opas n
npnnec omo. Bcxope nxona npocnannnact uyecamn. K ne crann crexartcx xnrenn cena
antnne Kysnent, a raxxe n oromontnt ns oxpecrntx mecr. Mnornm ns nnx no nepe n no
monnrnam nepe opasom Foromarepn noanannct ncnenennx.
Becrt o xnnennn uyornopnoro opasa nemenenno tna coomena n ropo
Hapenoxoxmacx mecrnomy noenoe Marnem Hnxn]oponnuy Cnnpnonony, xoropt
nonenen nosnnrnyrt na mecre operennx nxont uaconnm. Cam xe uyornopnt opas tn
npnnecen n ropo Hapenoxoxmacx n nocrannen sect n coopnom xpame Bocxpecennx
Xpncrona.
Cnncox uyec n onncanne ncropnn xnnennx opasa Xen-mnponocnn tnn nocnant n
Mocxny napm Anexcem Mnxanonnuy. Hapt saxoren nnert nxony n namemnx ee. Tora c
xnnennoro opasa tna cnxra xonnx n ocrannena n Hapenoxoxmacxe, a cam opas tn
ornpannen n Mocxny.
3a necxontxo nepcr or Mocxnt napt Anexce Mnxanonnu ncrpernn uyornopnt opas n
conponoxennn yxonencrna n napoa. Hxona tna nocrannena n Hapcxnx nanarax, n sect
raxxe xnnna mnoxecrno uyec. Ho nonenennm napx nonoxnnennt opas tn oneuen
apxarntm noxptnanom, octnanntm xemuyrom, n sarem, n 1649 roy, ornpannen ns
Mocxnt oparno n Hapenoxoxmacx. B Mocxne ocranact xonnx uyornopno nxont,
ntnonnennax no napcxomy yxasy. Bmecre c +rnm napt an pacnopxxenne, urot na mecre
xnnennx cnxrtnn tn ntcrpoen monacrtpt.
Bonx napx tna ncnonnena: na mecre xnnennx Mnponocnnxo nxont ntcrponnn
monacrtpt, xoropt cymecrnyer n o nacroxmero npemenn no nmenem Hapenoxoxmacxo
Mnponocnnxo nycrtnn. B +rom monacrtpe n naxonnact uyornopnax Mnponocnnxax
nxona Foromarepn, cranmax omepyccxo cnxrtne. Cnxro opas npnrxrnnan x cee
oromontnen ns pasntx mecr, orpomnoe creuenne napoa x uyornopnomy opasy n
Mnponocnnxym nycrtnt nanmanoct rpn pasa n ro: 14 max (1 max no crap. cr.) n ent
xnnennx nxont; n rperte nocxpecente nocne Hacxn nocxpecenne npocnannennx Xen-
mnponocnn n 3 nmnx (23 nmnx no crap. cr.) n ent Bnanmnpcxo nxont Foxne Marepn.
B monacrtpe conpanoct cntme rpex rtcxu oromontnen n nanomnnxon ns Kasancxo n
Bxrcxo ryepnn. Orcma ona exerono nepenocnnact n ropo Hapenoxoxmacx 21 nmnx
n npetnana ram o 22 anrycra.
B nacroxmee npemx n Mnponocnnxo onrenn, nospoxenno n 1994 roy xax xencxn
monacrtpt, nosononnxmrcx pennne rpannnn. Inanntm urnmtm opasom onrenn
xnnxercx Bnanmnpcxax nxona Foxne Marepn (cnncox c uyornopno Bnanmnpcxo
nxont) c ncrannenntm n nee opasxom na xamne, xoropt nounraercx n napoe xax
uyornopnt.
Mecronaxoxenne xe camoro uyornopnoro opasa noxa rouno ne ycranonneno. Honcxn
ero neyrcx, nocxontxy n ecrnymmnx nepxnax Homxap-Ont n Kasann, a raxxe n omax y
mecrnoro nacenennx ecrt noonte nounraemte nxont na xamne. Hpasnonanne nxone
conepmaercx 14 max (1 max no crap. cr.)

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Heuannnan Paoc1t
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, yn. Bepemertencxax, 33, xpam n uecrt nxont Foxne Marepn
Heuaxnnax Paocrt n Maptnno Pome
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, 2- Otennt nep., 6, xpam no nmx cnxroro npopoxa Hnnn
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Cnaconecxoncxn nep., 4a, xpam Cnaca Hpeopaxennx na Hecxax

Hxonorpa]nx opasa cnoxnnact na ocnone cmxera ns counnennx cnxrnrenx nmnrpnx
Pocroncxoro Pyno opomennoe (XVII n.). Hcropnx, sanncannax cnxrnrenem, paccxastnaer,
uro nexn uenonex nmen otua xaxt ent monnrtcx nepe nxono Foroponnt, a norom
nrn na npecrynnenne. Ho onaxt no npemx monnrnt on neoxnanno on ynnen, uro y
Xpncra na pyxax, norax n n oxy noxnnxmrcx xponorouamne pant. B crpaxe uenonex
cnpocnn eny Mapnm o xsnax n panax Foromnaenna n nonyunn orner, uro rpemnnxn nnont
n nnont pacnnnamr Hncyca Xpncra n sacrannxmr Ee cxopert or nx en. Ipemnnx
nacrounno npocnn Foroponny nomnnonart ero n nomonnrtcx o +rom Ee Ctny.
Foromarept cornacnnact, no naxt Hncyc ornepran Ee monenne o npomennn rpemnnxa.
Tora Mart nocanna Ctna n xorena x Ero noram npnnacrt, no Ctn nosonnn: uro
xouemt cornopnrt, o Marept? Fyy, ronopnr, nexart y nor Tnonx c +rnm
rpemnnxom, oxone ne npocrnmt emy rpexn. Tora cxasan Ctn: 3axon nonenenaer, urot
Ctn urnn Mart, npana xe xouer, urot 3axonoanen Cam tn ncnonnnrenem saxona.
Ctn Tno, Tt xe Mart Mox, n onxen Tex urnrt, cnymax Tnon monennx. a yer, xax
xouemt: ntne npomamrcx rpexn emy Tex pan. B snamenne xe npomennx nycrt notsaer
xsnt Mon. (nmnrpn Pocroncxn. Pyno opomennoe, 1683 ro).
Honenonan xsnt Foromnaenna rpemnnx npnmen n uyncrna n nnenne ncuesno. nmnrpn
Pocroncxn nnmer, uro nocne +roro on ncnpannn cnom xnsnt. Hpomenne rpexon crano nx
nero neuaxnno paocrtm n ano nasnanne noxnnnmecx na ocnone +ro ncropnn
nxonorpa]nn Foromarepn.
Komnosnnnx nxont rouno nonropxer paccxas cnxrnrenx nmnrpnx. B nenom yrny
nomemamr monxmerocx essaxonnoro uenonexa, xoropt cronr na xonenxx nepe opasom
Onrnrpnn. Ha Foromnaenne nsopaxamr pasopnannym oexy n xsnt. Ho nxono
nomemamr nauantnte cnona ncropnn ns Pyna opomennoro nnn monnrny nxone; ns ycr
rpemnnxa moxer ncxonrt nenra co cnonamn ero monennx x Foroponne.
Cornn nme na nporxxennn cronern monnnnct +romy uyornopnomy opasy, opamaxct
x Hpeuncro c nepo n n naexe nonyunrt neuaxnnym paocrt npomennx n naroarnoro
yremennx, nomomt n enax cnonx n ocoo monxct sa cnonx ere. Or cnncxon +ro nxont
raxxe nponcxonnn ncenosmoxnte uyeca.
pennemax ns nsnecrntx nounraemtx nxon Foromarepn Heuaxnnax paocrt
naxonnact n mocxoncxo nepxnn Heonannmo Kynnnt n Xamonnnxax (ntne cnecen). On
tn noxeprnonan n xpam n 1835 roy no sanemannm Anexcanpt Kynnntno. Ocooe
nounranne nxont nauanoct nocne roro, xax ona npocnannnact uyornopennxmn n 1838
roy none Anncte Crenanonno no monnrne tn nosnpamen cnyx. pyro nounraemt
cnncox naxonncx n xpemnencxo nepxnn Fnaronemennx na Xnrnom nope.
Eme onn cnncox naxonrcx n xpame Hnnn npopoxa n Otencxom nepeynxe. Ero
ocoenno nounran Harpnapx Hnmen. Onaxt on ynnen +ror opas no cne, a oxasanmnct
nepnt pas n xpame Hntn npopoxa, roruac ysnan nmenno raxo cnncox Heuaxnno
Paocrn. Ha pnse +roro uyornopnoro cnncxa ecrt nannct: Ho narocnonennm
Cnxremero Harpnapxa Mocxoncxoro n ncex Pycn Anexcnx na nxone Foxne Marepn
Heuaxnnax Paocrt noccranonnena pnsa n nero 1959 npn nacroxrene xpama Cnxroro
Hpopoxa Foxnx Hnnn Otennoro nporonepee A. B. Tonrcxom.
urnmte cnncxn nxont nmennct raxxe n omeme o namnx ne nepxnn no nmx ueopa
Crparnnara y Mxcnnnxnx nopor, a sa npeenamn Mocxnt n cene Centrn Cnmnpcxo
ryepnnn.
B nacroxmee npemx urnmte cnncxn nxont naxoxrcx n cneymmnx xpamax:
1. Xpam nxont Foxne Marepn Heuaxnnax paocrt n Maptnno pome cnncox,
nounraemt uyornopntm.
2. Xpam Cnaca Hpeopaxennx na Hecxax cnncox, nounraemt uyornopntm.
3. Xpam Hnnn Hpopoxa n Otencxom nepeynxe cnncox nxont, nounranmncx
Harpnapxom Hnmenom.
4. Xpam myuennxon Apnana n Harantn n Faymxnne.
5. Xpam Bosnecennx Iocnonx na Iopoxonom none.
6. Xpam Bocxpecennx Cnonymero n annnoncxo cnooe. Hpasnonanne nxone
ycranonneno 14 max (1 max no crap. cr.), 22 exapx (9 exapx no crap. cr.).

Tponapt, rnac 4
nect, nepnnn nmne, yxonno ropxecrnyem, npocnannxmme 3acrynnnny ycepnym poa
xpncrnancxaro n npnrexamme x npeuncromy Ex opasy, nstnaem cnne: o Hpemnnocrnnax
Bnatnnue Foroponne, noaxt nam neuaxnnym paocrt, opemenenntm rpexn n
cxoptmn mnornmn, n nsann nac or ncxxaro sna, monxmn Ctna Tnoero, Xpncra Fora
namero, cnacrn ymn nama.

Monnrna
O Hpecnxrax eno, Bcenararo Ctna Marn Bcenarax, rpaa n cnxraro xpama cero
Hoxponnrentnnne, ncex cymnx no rpecex, cxopex, eax n onesnex nepnax
Hpecrarentnnne n 3acrynnnne! Hpnnmn monenoe nenne cne or nac, neocrontx pa
Tnonx, Tee nosnocnmoe, n xxoxe penne rpemnnxa, na ncxx ent mnoraxt npe uecrnom
nxonom Tnoem monnnmarocx, ne npespena ecn, no aponana ecn emy neuaxnnym paocrt
noxaxnnx n npnxnonnna ecn Ctna Tnoero mnornm n ycepntm x Hemy xoaracrnom x
npomennm cero rpemnaro n sanyxmarocx, raxo n ntne ne npespn monennx nac,
neocrontx paon Tnonx, n ymonn Ctna Tnoero n Fora namero, a n ncem nam, c nepom n
ymnnennem noxnanxmmnmcx npe nentonocntm opasom Tnonm, apyer neuaxnnym no
xoeroxo norpee paocrt: rpemnnxom, norpxsmnm no rnynne son n crpacre,
nceecrnennoe npasymnenne, noxaxnne n cnacenne; cymnm n cxopex n neuanex
yremenne; operammnmcx n eax n osnonennnx conepmennoe cnx nstrne;
manoymntm n nenaexntm naexy n repnenne; n paocrn n nsonnnn xnnymnm
nenpecrannoe Fnaroerenm Fory naroapenne; ecrnymmnm mnnocepne; cymnm n
onesnn n onroneyxnn n ocrannenntm npauamn neuaemoe ncnenenne n yxpennenne;
nxnnmnm or neyra ym yma nosnpamenne n ononnenne; orxoxmnm n neunym n
necxonuaemym xnsnt namxrt cmeprnym, ymnnenne n coxpymenne o rpecex, yx op n
rnepym na mnnocepne Cynn naexy.
O Iocnoxe Hpecnxrax! Vmnnocepncx o ncex urymnx nceuecrnoe nmx Tnoe n ncem xnn
ncemomnt noxpon Tno n sacrynnenne: no narouecrnn, uncrore n uecrnem xnrentcrne
npetnammnx o cxonuannx nx no narocrn conmn; sntx narn cornopn; sanyxmnx na
nyrt npant nacrann; ncxxomy eny naromy n Ctny Tnoemy yronomy cnocnemecrny;
ncxxoe eno snoe n oronpornnnoe paspymn; n neoymennn n rpyntx n onacntx
ocroxnnnx operammnmcx nespnmym nomomt n npasymnenne c neece nncnocnn, or
ncxymenn, conasnon n nornenn cnacn, or ncex sntx uenonex n or nparon nnnmtx n
nennnmtx samnrn n coxpann; nnanammnm cnnana, nyremecrnymmnm cnyremecrny;
cymnm n nyxe n rnae yn Hnrarentnnna; nenmymnm xpona n npncrannma yn noxpon n
npnexnme; narnm noaxt oexnne, onnmtm n nenpaneno ronnmtm sacrynnenne;
xnenery, nonomenne n xynenne repnxmnx nespnmo onpana; xnenernnxn n xynnrenn npe
ncemn onnun; oxecrouenno npaxymmnm neuaemoe noaxt npnmnpenne n ncem nam
pyr xo pyry nmont, mnp, n narouecrne, n spanne c onroencrnnem.
Cynpyxecrna n nmnn n ennomtcnnn coxpann; cynpyrn, no npaxe n pasenennn cymnx,
ymnpn, coennn x pyr xo pyry n nonoxn nm coms nmne nepaspymnmt; marepem
eropoxmnm cxopoe noaxt paspemenne, mnaennt nocnnra, mntx ynenomypn,
ornepsn nm ym x nocnpnxrnm ncxxaro nonesnaro yuennx, crpaxy Foxnm, nosepxannm n
rpyonmnm nacrann; or omamnnx pann n npaxt ennoxponntx mnpom n nmonnm
orpan; esmarepnnx cnpor yn Marept, or ncxxaro nopoxa n cxnepnt ornparn x n ncemy
naromy n oroyronomy nayun, npentmenntx xe n no rpex n neuncrory nnamnx, cxnepny
rpexa orxnmn, ns esnt nornenn nsnen; non yn Vremnrentnnna n Homomnnna,
crapocrn yn xesn; or nnesanntx cmeprn es noxaxnnx ncex nac nsann n ncem nam
xpncrnancxym xonunny xnnora namero, esonesnenny, nenocrtny, mnpny n opt
orner na Crpamnom Cynmn Xpncrone apy; npecranntmnxcx n nepe n noxaxnnn or xnrnx
cero co Anrent n ncemn cnxrtmn xnrn cornopn; cxonuanmnmcx nnesannom cmeprnm
mnnocrnna trn Ctna Tnoero ymonn n o ncex yconmnx, nxe ne nmyr cponnxon, o
ynoxoennn nx Ctna Tnoero ymonxmmnx, Cama yn nenpecrannax n rennax Monnrnennnna
n Xoaranna; a ncn na neecn n na semnn nexr Tx, xxo rnepym n nenocrtnym
Hpecrarentnnny poa xpncrnancxaro, n, neyme, cnanxr Tx n Toom Ctna Tnoero, c
Fesnauantntm Ero Ornem n Ennocymntm Ero yxom, ntne n npncno n no nexn nexon.
Amnnt.

Hxona Boanen Ma1epn Mypoucxan
Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Tpertxxoncxax ranepex

uyornopnax nxona Hpecnxro Foroponnt Mypomcxax tna npnnecena ns Knena n
Mypom cnxrtm xnxsem Koncranrnnom Mypomcxnm n nauane XII nexa. Koncranrnn onro
crapancx yenrt xstunnxon n Mypome npnnxrt xpncrnancrno, no nnauane npononet ero ne
ncrpernna couyncrnnx: xstunnxn ynopcrnonann n pemnnn ynrt xnxsx. Vsnan o +rom,
cnxro Koncranrnn ycepno nomonnncx Fory, nsxn opas Foromarepn n ntmen c nnm x
saronopmnxam, rnepo naexct na sacrynnnuecrno Hapnnt Heecno. Fnaroart,
ncxonnmax or Ee Hnxa, rponyna cepna nme. Onn nepemennnn cnon namepennx n camn
crann npocnrt conepmnrt na nnmn xpemenne.
Mypomcxax nxona npocnannnact n pyrnmn uyecamn, ns xoroptx nanonee sameuarentno
cneymmee. B xonne XII nexa enncxonom n Mypome tn cnxrnrent Bacnnn, npanent n
narouecrnnt uenonex. Hapo, ocnennennt xneneramn, sanoospnn nnatxy n nopouno
xnsnn. Mypomnt pemnnn nsrnart cnxrnrenx ns ropoa nnn axe ynrt. Enncxon Bacnnn
npocnn orcpounrt xasnt ero o yrpa, n ncm nout o camoro yrpa monnncx n xpame cnxrtx
xnxse-crpacrorepnnen Fopnca n Inea. 3arem, conepmnn nnryprnm, on nomen n xpam
Fnaronemennx n ram orcnyxnn moneen npe nxono Foromarepn, xoropax tna npnnecena
ns Knena xnxsem Koncranrnnom. Bosnoxnn naexy cnoero cnacennx na Hapnny Heecnym,
cnxrnrent Bacnnn nsxn Ee uyornopnym nxony n nomen c nem x pexe Oxe, re nx nero
npnroronnnn manentxoe cyno. 3ect on cnxn c cex manrnm, pacnpocrep ee no noe n cran
na nee c opasom Foromarepn. Bpyr nonxncx cnntnt nerep n nonec cnxrnrenx npornn
reuennx..
uepes mecrt uacon enncxon npntn n Crapym Pxsant. Bnocnecrnnn on nepenec
enncxoncxym xa]epy n Honym Pxsant (Hepexcnannt Pxsancxn). Tya xe tna nepenecena
n uyornopnax nxona Foxne Marepn. B uecrt +roro uya Mypomcxax nxona nnora
nmenyercx Monenne cnxroro Bacnnnx. B pennocrn ona naxonnact n Pxsancxom
Poxecrnencxom (Vcnencxom) coope.
Homnmo Honecrn o pxsancxom enncxone Bacnnne camtm pannnm oxymenrom, n
xoropom ynomnnaercx Mypomcxax nxona Foxne Marepn, xnnxercx onnct craporo
Vcnencxoro coopa n Pxsann, cocrannennax n 1638 roy. B ne mt unraem: Ha rponnnem
(Bacnnnx) opas Hpeuncrtx Foroponnt Vmnnennx, n ror opas monennx Bacnnnx
enncxona Mypomcxoro n Pxsancxoro.
B 1829 roy cnncox uyornopno nxont naxonncx n Mypomcxom coope Poxecrna
Foroponnt. Hpenonoxnrentno, +ror cnncox tn ntnonnen n XIV nexe n Mocxne.
Cornacno cneennxm XVII nexa, nxona tna nxnaom napx Hoanna IV Iposnoro n
Poxecrnencxn coop Mypoma, orcrpoennt no ero oery n cnxsn c noeo na
Kasancxnm xancrnom. 3ror cnncox Mypomcxo nxont Foxne Marepn tn ncrannen n
pyro ontmo opas Bcex cnxrtx. Hxona tna camo nounraemo cnxrtne coopa, ee
nocnnn n xpecrnte xot n n oma xnrene Mypoma.
Hocne penonmnnn pxsancxn xa]epantnt coop Poxecrna Xpncrona, re na
rponnne cnxrnrenx Bacnnnx xpannnact uyornopnax nxona, tn saxptr. 2 nmnx 1918 roa
opas Foxne Marepn npntn n Mypom. Ero conponoxann Pxsancxn apxnenncxon Hoann,
yxonencrno Ka]epantnoro Poxecrnencxoro coopa n pxsancxne xopyrnenocnt. Hxona
tna npnnecena n Mypom c paspemennx Hepxonnoro Coopa nx oxoxennx no nepxnam n
omam. Opas naxonncx n Mypome o 19 anrycra. Mypomcxax nxona Foxne Marepn
nponana.
Hepnonauantno npasnonanne nxone conepmanoct no nropoe nocxpecenne Herpona nocra,
norom tno nepeneceno na uomnny neenm. Haxonen, n 1814 roy Cnxmennt Cnno
ycranonnn nem namxrn nxont 25 anpenx (12 anpenx no crap. cr.). Mypomcxax nxona
Foroponnt xnnxercx onnm ns napnanron nxonorpa]nuecxoro rnna Cmonencxo
Onrnrpnn. Ha ne Foromnaenen epxnr n pyxe pasnepnyrt cnnrox (nnora, na
nexoroptx nxonax cnnrox nsopaxaercx cnepnyrtm). Bropo pas npasnonanne nxone
conepmaercx 10 anrycra (28 nmnx no crap. cr.) n ent Cmonencxo nxont Foromarepn.

Tponapt, rnac 4
nect cnerno xpacyercx rpa Mypom, xxo sapm conneunym nocnpnemmn Bnatunne,
uyornopnym Tnom nxony, x ne xe ntne mt npnrexamme n monxmecx Tee nstnaem cnne:
o, Hpeuynax Bnatunne Foroponne, monncx ns Tee nonnomennomy Xpncry Fory
namemy, a nsannr rpa ce n ncx rpat n crpant xpncrnancxnx nenpenmt or ncex naner
npaxnnx, n cnacer ymn nama, xxo mnnocep!

Fnaroart cnacnrentnym Toom ynyunnme, ne npecraem mnnocrn Tnox npononearn,
Foronaxennax; cxopxmnm o yremenne, neyxntm ncnenenne, or yxon neuncrtx
cryxaemtm ocnooxenne npncno noaemn n ncem ncxxy xsny npauyemn, a naroapntm
cepnem Fory nonnem: Annnnyna.

Monnrna
O, Hpecnxrax eno, Marn Iocnoa ntmnnx Cnn, neecn n semnn Hapnne, rpaa n crpant
namex ncemomnax 3acrynnnne! Vcntmn nac, monxmnxcx Tee, n ncnpocn y Fora Ctna
Tnoero nacrtpem namnm pennocrt n enne o ymax, rpaonpannrenem mypocrt n cnny,
cynxm npany n nennnenpnxrne, nacrannnxom pasym n cmnpennomypne, cynpyrom nmont
n cornacne, uaom nocnymanne, onnmtm repnenne, onxmnm crpax Foxn, cxopxmnm
naroymne, paymmnmcx nosepxanne, nam xe ncem nnsnocnn yx pasyma n Fnarouecrnx,
yx mnnocepnx n xporocrn, yx uncrort n npant. E, Iocnoxe Hpeuncrax!
Vmnnocepncx na nemomntx nmn Tnox: pascexnntx coepn, sanymnx na nyrt npant
nacrann, neyrymmnx ynpauy, crapocrt noepxn, mntx ynenomypn, mnaennt nocnnra
n npnspn na ncex nac npnspennem mnnocrnnaro Tnoero sacrynnennx. Mnnocrnna nam yn
se n na Crpamnem Cye Ctna Tnoero. Tt o ecn, Iocnoxe, cnana neecntx n ynonanne
semntx, rt no Fose nama naexa n 3acrynnnna ncex npnrexammnx x Tee c nepom. Tee
yo monnmcx n Tee, xxo Bcemoryme Homomnnne, camn cee n pyr pyra n ncm xnsnt
namy npeaem, ntne n npncno n no nexn nexon. Amnnt.

Cnncox ncnontsonannmx nc1ounnxon
1. Hpanocnanne. rn, URL: http://days.pravoslavie.ru
2. Axnapnym. Hxont, URL: www.aquarium.ru/misc/icons/
3. Hpanocnannoe nn]opmannonnoe arenrcrno Pyccxax nnnnx, URL: www.rusk.ru
4. Hpanocnannt opasonarentnt nopran Cnono, URL: www.portal-slovo.ru
5. Hpanocnannt xanenapt, URL: http://pravkniga.ru/calendar17/index_calendar.php
6. Honnt Hpanocnannt Tponapnon nx xnnpoca n mnpxn, URL:
http://troparion.narod.ru
7. Hpanocnannax omnna n uecrt Bnanmnpcxo nxont Foxne Marepn, URL:
www.hram-vlad-butovo.ru
8. Car nsarentcxoro oma Aprymenrt n ]axrt, URL: www.belgorod.aif.ru
9. Hpanocnanne n mnp, URL: www.pravmir.ru
10. Hxont xpamon Benxoncxoro paona, URL:
gymnasium.edusite.ru/list1/works/platonov/p2aa1.html
11. Hpanocnannax nnreparypa n ]opmare WORD (.DOC), URL: www.bogoslovy.ru
12. uopym npoexra Xpncrnancrno n ncxyccrne, URL: http://www.icon-
art.info/phpBB2/index.php
13. Car xyoxnnxa xynono Anacracnn, URL: http://artnastasi.narod.ru
14. Hpanocnannt xanenapt, URL: http://arh-gavriil.bsu.edu.ru/calendar/Trop/tr4.htm
15. C. Anexceen. Hxononounranne nyrt xo cnacennm, URL: http://nesusvet.narod.ru
16. Monnrnt xo Hpecnxro Foroponne pan Ee uyornopntx nxon, URL: http://prav-
molitva.narod.ru
17. uyornopnte nxont, URL: http://www.sir35.ru/Orthodoxy/Wicon_0904.htm
18. Monnrnt, axa]ncrt, cnyxt Hpecnxro Foroponne, URL: http://deva-maria.narod.ru
19. uyornopnte nxont na Pycn, URL: http://www.bibliotekar.ru/rusIcon2
20. O]nnnantnt car Camapcxo enapxnn, URL: www.samara.orthodoxy.ru
21. Fnnnorexa Xanxnon. uyornopnte nxont. Hxononnct, URL:
http://halkidon2006.narod.ru
22. Hxont n Hpanocnanno Hepxnn, URL:
http://www.netda.ru/belka/text_mil/adoration_of_icons_r.htm
23. uyornopnax nxona, URL: www.chudoicona.ru
24. E. Hocenxnnn. Cxasannx o uyornopntx nxonax Foromarepn, URL:
http://www.sedmitza.ru/text/440242.html
25. Kparxax nepxonnax +nnnxnonenx, URL: http://www.verui.narod.ru/kce/ikony1.html

Hnnmc1pannn
Hxona Cnxro
Hanrenemon, monacrtpt Xnnanap na A]one

Hxona Cnac
Hepyxornopnt, Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Cnaco-Anponnxon monacrtpt

Hxona
Tponna, Poccnx, r. Mocxna, nepxont Hnxona n Cronnax sa Tpertxxoncxo ranepee

uyornopnt
Kncxn Kpecr c momamn cnxrtx, Poccnx, r. Mocxna, xpam npenoonoro Ceprnx
Paonexcxoro n Kpannnnnxax

Hxona Foxne
Marepn ueooponcxax, Poccnx, r. Kocrpoma, Foroxnnencxo-Anacracnnn xa]epantnt
coop

Hxona Foxne
Marepn Cmonencxax (cnncox nxononncna nonncnx, 1482 ro), Poccnx, r. Mocxna,
Iocyapcrnennax Tpertxxoncxax ranepex

Hxona Foxne
Marepn Baronecxax, nmenyemax Orpaa nnn Vremenne, A]on, Baronecxn
monacrtpt

Hxona Foxne
Marepn Crpacrnax, Poccnx, r. Hnnenx, Xpncro-Poxecrnencxn coop

Hxona Foxne
Marepn Bnanmnpcxax, Poccnx, Mocxna, Tonmauencxn nep., 9, xpam Cnxrnrenx Hnxonax
n Tonmauax npn Iocyapcrnenno Tpertxxoncxo ranepee

Hxona Foxne
Marepn Heynnnaemax uama, Poccnx, r. Cepnyxon, Bneencxn Bnatunt xencxn
monacrtpt

Hxona Foxne
Marepn 3namenne Honropocxax, Poccnx, r. Bennxn Honropo, coop Cnxro Co]nn

Hxona Foxne
Marepn Tonrcxax, Poccnx, r. Mocxna, Iocyapcrnennax Tpertxxoncxax ranepex

Hxona Foxne
Marepn Ocrpopamcxax (Bnnencxax), Hnrna, r. Bnntnmc, Mxnnnnxcxne Bopora
(Aympoc)

Hxona Foxne
Marepn Bcex cxopxmnx Paocrt (c rpomnxamn), Poccnx, r. Canxr-Herepypr, nepxont
Cnxro Tponnt Xnnonauantno

Hxona Foxne
Marepn oncxax, Poccnx, Mocxna, oncxax nn., 1, oncxo monacrtpt

Hxona Foxne
Marepn Axrtpcxax-Auanpcxax (cnncox Axrtpcxo nxont, 2002 ro)

An1op: Anna Mypona
Hsa1entc1no: Henrpnonnrpa]
ISBN: 978-5-227-02105-2
Io: 2010
C1pannn: 272


105 чудотворных икон и молитвы к ним. Исцеление, защита, помощь и утешение. Чудо творящие святыни

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105 чудотворных икон и молитвы к ним. Исцеление, защита, помощь и утешение. Чудо творящие святыни

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