CHAPTER 12 THE NORTH

Section 1 The Industrial Revolution in America

The Industrial Revolution

Beginning of 1700s in Europe & US

Majority

of the people were farmers. They made most of what they needed by hand. Females usually made clothing. Some families produced extra cloth to sell.

Changes
Changes

in Great Britain led to a greater demand

for good. Traditional methods were not producing enough.

Industrial Revolution

People began to create ways to use machines to make things more efficient. The Industrial Revolution was a period of rapid growth in using machines for manufacturing and production. Began in the mid 1700s.

Textile Industry

The first important breakthrough of the Industrial Revolution. Textiles = cloth items. Before the Industrial Revolution, spinning thread took much longer than making cloth.

Richard Arkwright

1769: Water Frame

Could

produce dozens of cotton threads at the same time. Lowered cost of cotton cloth. Increased speed of textile production.

Used flowing water as its source of power. Where do you think they built these large textile mills? What was the advantage of water-powered machinery?

Samuel Slater

Skilled British mechanic. Claimed he could improve the way textiles were manufactured. Brought the knowledge of British textile mills to US.

Eli Whitney

Most manufacturing still done by hand. Factories needed better technology. 1798 Inventor Created the idea of interchangeable parts. This led to mass production
Instead

of producing parts by hand, machines produced many identical parts.

Slow Growth

[the reasons included] the superior attractions of farming, the abundance land compared with the population, the high price of labor, and the lack of investment. War of 1812
Prevented

the important of many foreign goods. Led Americans to buy American-made goods, which led to increased manufacturing.