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(

(
2.3,
Tho probability of x is the Probability that the required value in
the expressionx= A cos (wt+),
o.nd

\
,.,P(x)t!J( 211 (cp) dip Q!
1r
,,, vbcra th'e factor 1ntl'oducc<l bccauoc tvo vnluca or qi give the cnma x.
Since
(b) We tllke the r atio of tho occupied volu::ie, ov, 1n pbnaP. spaea vhen th3 oac111Ator 1n 1n
-, p
razige x to x + 8!ld E to E + 6E, to tho toto.l aeccsoi ble
_._4
r

? c::- llll,) x, p QE
tl
.&
L . -
t..

'.TC! 11.:iv:? u::ad (1).
__.;j'
"3 Thuo
.....:i.
-<.,..
2.4
l'{::)clJc !!!!
7'I p
o.nd 1 8E
w
(1)
"
V2mE - 111 i.x
(l ) <?.!ld X "A co:: (i: + GJ), itfo:!J.mn th:i'tE,. w2"'A
2
,
1 U:;.
P(x)d:.c - - ---
ll' 12?
. './A'x"'
. (11) Tba nuci'bar or i:eya tli..'\t N Clll:l bo arranged ouch tha.t D:z. ara J?l?rn.l.lcl Md.n
2
are nnti-

p:J.rlll,lcl to the ia
.,.-J
,-
;,
;
o.nd
)
,.<>
} i:>-.. ;'.:. \:....{:. ...
. tAj@WW kflM$iifriilAi
..
+N = - ! ,1
"' 7_; 1
'VI.,=-!J..
- (:':..
I
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