SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES

ADDITIONAL
MATHEMATICS
MODULE 19
http://sahatmozac.blogspot.com
1
CHAPTER 19 : SOLUTIONOF TRIANGLES
Contents
Topic/subtopics Page
10.0 SOLUTIONOF TRIANGLES
10.1 Concept Map 1
10.2 Sine Rule 2-3
10.3 Cosine Rule 4-5
10.4 Area Of Triangles 6
10.5 Past Year Questions 7-8
10.6 Assessment 9-10
Answers 11
http://sahatmozac.blogspot.com
2
CHAPTER 10 : SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES
10.1 CONCEPTUAL MAP
A
c b
B a C
SINE RULE

SinA
a
_____ = ____
OR
____ =
b
SinB
= _____
COSINE RULE
a = b + c 2bc kos A
b = ________________
c = ________________
AREA OF TRIANGLE
Area =
1
2
b c s i n A
= ________________
=_________________
______________________
http://sahatmozac.blogspot.com
3
10.2. SINE RULE
10.2.1 Find the value of x in each of the following triangles.
Example 1
8 cm
x
R
Q
P
65
75
Example 2
x
R
Q
P
16 cm
9 cm
76
(a)
x
R
Q
P
9.3 cm
53
62
(c )
x
R
Q
P
6.5 cm
10.2 cm
70
(b)
30
125
5.6 cm
Q
R
P
x
(d)
x
R
Q
P
3.1 cm
15.8 5m
130

75 sin
8
65 sin
x
x =

75 sin
65 sin 8
x = 7.506 cm
16
76 sin
9
sin

x
sin x =
16
76 sin 9
sin x = 0.5458
x = 33 5
http://sahatmozac.blogspot.com
4
10.2.1 Solve each of the following
(1)
S
R
Q
P
4.9 cm
35
97
45
In the diagram above, PQR is a straight
line. Calculate
(a) length of PQ
(b) length of RS
(2)
8.2 cm
R
Q
P
S
7 cm
9 cm
60
55
80
In the diagram above PQRS is a
Quadilateral. Calculate
(a) length of QR
(b) QPS
http://sahatmozac.blogspot.com
5
10.3. COSINE RULE
10.3.1 Find the value of x in the following triangles.
Example 1
45
R
Q
P
x cm
10 cm
3 cm
Example 2
R
Q
P
x
8 cm
6 cm
5 cm
5 = 8 + 6 2(8)(6) kos x
kos x =
96
25 36 64
x = 0.7813
x = 38 37
(a)
4 cm
5 cm
80
x cm
R
Q
P
C
B
A
x
8 cm
6 cm
6 cm
( c)
(b)
15 cm
20 cm
110
Q
R
P
x cm
C
B
A
x
12 cm
7 cm
8 cm
(d)
x = 3 + 10 2(3)(10) kos 45
x = 8.159 cm
http://sahatmozac.blogspot.com
6
10.3.2 Solve the following problems
(1) ABC is a triangle with A= 39,
AB = 15.2 cm and AC = 12 cm. Find
(a) the length of BC
(b) ABC
(2)
T
R
P
Q
S
25
10 cm
4 cm
7 cm
5 cm
In the diagram, PSR and QST are straight
lines. Calculate
(a) PST
(b) the length of SQ
http://sahatmozac.blogspot.com
7
10.4. AREA OF TRIANGLE
10.4.1 Calculate the area of the following triangles ABC
Example
49
18.4 cm
16.2 cm
C
B
A
Area of ABC =
2
1
x 16.2 x 18.4 x sin 49
= 112.48 cm
(a) In ABC, A = 57, AB = 8.5 cm and
AC = 6.3 cm. Calculate the area of
ABC.
(b)
C
B
A
125
10 cm
7 cm
30
7 cm
4 cm
C
B
A
( c)
(d)
A
B
C
35
60

10 cm
http://sahatmozac.blogspot.com
8
10.5 SPM QUESTIONS
SPM 2004 PAPER 2
1. Diagram below shows a quadrilateral ABCD such that ABC is acute.
12.3 cm
5.2 cm
9.5 cm
9.8 cm
D
C
B
A
40.5
( a) Calculate
( i) ABC
( ii) ADC
( iii) the area, in cm, of quadrilateral ABCD. ( 8 Marks)
(b) A triangle ' ' ' C B A has the same measurements as those given for triangle ABC, that is
' ' C A = 12.3 cm, ' ' B C = 9.5 cm and ' ' ' C A B = 40.5, but which is different in shape
to triangle ABC.
( i) Sketch the triangle ' ' ' C B A ,
( ii) State the size of ' ' ' C B A ( 2 Marks)
http://sahatmozac.blogspot.com
9
SPM 2005 Paper 2
2. Diagram 7 shows triangle ABC.
65
15 cm
20 cm
A
C
B
(a) Calculate the length, in cm, of AC. ( 2 Marks)
(b) A quadrilateral ABCD is now formed so that AC is a diagonal, 40 ACD and
AD = 16 cm. Calculate the two possible values of ADC . ( 2 Marks)
(c) By using the acute ADC from (b), calculate
(i) the length, in cm of CD,
(ii) the area, in cm, of the quadrilateral ABCD. ( 6 Marks)
http://sahatmozac.blogspot.com
10
10.6 ASSESSMENT
Answer All questions Time : 30 minutes
(a) In Diagram below, PQS and SQR are two triangles
35
75 40
6 cm
S
R
Q
P
(b) In triangle ABC, 35 B , c = 10 cm and b= 6 cm. Find
( i) the possible value of C
( ii) the length of BC
PQR is a straight line. Calculate
(i) the length of SR
(ii) the length of PQ
(iii) the area of SQR
http://sahatmozac.blogspot.com
11
(c ) Diagram below shows two triangles
ABC and ACD.
35
8 cm
10 cm
8 cm
A
D
C B
(d) Diagram below shows two triangles, PTQ and PSR.
6 cm 4 cm
2 cm
5 cm
T
S
R
Q
P
BCD is a straight line. Find
( i ) ADC
(ii ) the length of CD
(iii ) the area of the whole diagram
PTS and PQR are straight lines,
Calculate
(i) SPR
(ii) the length of SR
( ii) the area of quarilateral TQRS
http://sahatmozac.blogspot.com
12
ANSWER
10.2 SINE RULE
( 10.2.1) (a) 10.28
(b) 9.175
(c) 36 47
(d) 8 37 - 8 39
10.3. COSINE RULE
( 10.3.1) (a) 5.835
(b) 28.81
(c) 48 11
(d) 106 4
10.4.AREA OF TRIANGLE
(a) 22.46 cm
(b) 28.67 cm
( c)14 cm
(d) 75.21 cm
10.5.PAST YEARS QUESTIONS
1. (a) (i) 57.23
(ii) 73.93
(iii) 80.96 cm
(b)(i)
C
B
B' A'
(ii) 122.77
10.6.ASSESSMENT
(a) (i) 10.10 cm
(ii)5.354 cm
(iii)28.48 cm
(b) (i)7256 or 1074
(ii)9.952 cm and 6.430 cm
(10.2.2) (1) (a) 3.89 cm
(b) 6.041 cm
(2) (a) 5.823 cm
(b) 126 54
( 10.3.2) (1)(a) 9.568 cm
(b) 52.12
(2) (a) 10132
(b) 4.313 cm
2. (a) 19.27 cm
(b) 50.73, 129.27
(c) (i)24.89 cm
(ii) 290.1 cm
(c ) (i)4548
(ii)11.16 cm
(iii)39.49 cm
(d) (i)3652
(ii)6.08 cm
(iii)15 cm
http://sahatmozac.blogspot.com