Inputs

Housing Price
Rental
Bread

Outputs
Doctors
Income

DMU No.

DMU Name

Input-Oriented
VRS
Efficiency

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

Seattle
Denver
Philadelphia
Minneapolis
Raleigh-Durham
St. Louis
Cincinnati
Washington
Pittsburgh
DallasFort Worth
Atlanta
Baltimore
Boston
Milwaukee
Nashville

1.00000
1.00000
1.00000
0.98868
1.00000
1.00000
0.94105
1.00000
1.00000
0.89151
0.82384
1.00000
1.00000
0.81388
0.80172

Optimal Multipliers
Housing Price

Rental

Bread

Doctors

Income

0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000

0.00136
0.00169
0.00000
0.00154
0.00163
0.00158
0.00172
0.00082
0.00187
0.00145
0.00000
0.00000
0.00020
0.00000
0.00139

0.00000
0.00000
0.38764
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.13592
0.00000
0.00000
0.84034
1.01010
0.05589
0.36832
0.00000

0.07386
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.20243
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.02106
0.17575
0.00000
0.00964

0.00001
0.00001
0.00002
0.00001
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00002
0.00000
0.00001
0.00002
0.00002
0.00000
0.00003
0.00001

Free Variable

0.00000
0.72311
0.00000
0.47367
0.00000
1.00000
0.75831
0.00000
1.00000
0.44588
-0.19526
0.01136
0.00000
-0.35813
0.52541

Returns to Scale

Constant
Increasing
Constant
Increasing
Constant
Increasing
Increasing
Constant
Increasing
Increasing
Decreasing
Increasing
Constant
Decreasing
Increasing

Inputs
Weights
Housing Price
Rental
Bread

1
1
1

Outputs
Doctors
Income

Weights
1
1

CRS Slack-based Model Efficient Target

Efficient Input Target
DMU No. DMU Name
Housing Price
1 Seattle
586000.00000
2 Denver
475000.00000
3 Philadelphia
201000.00000
4 Minneapolis
264612.27800
5 Raleigh-Durham 318000.00000
6 St. Louis
265000.00000
7 Cincinnati
191103.20000
8 Washington
583000.00000
9 Pittsburgh
221646.48000
10 DallasFort Worth 193656.69000
11 Atlanta
255107.58000
12 Baltimore
575000.00000
13 Boston
351000.00000
14 Milwaukee
192997.08600
15 Nashville
221736.15000

Rental
581.00000
558.00000
600.00000
609.00000
613.00000
558.00000
532.71474
625.00000
535.00000
578.07968
608.57041
775.00000
888.00000
576.11070
562.31661

Bread
1.45000
0.97000
1.50000
1.47830
0.99000
0.89000
1.25000
1.29000
0.99000
1.44520
1.19000
0.99000
1.09000
1.44028
1.19000

Efficient Output Target

Doctors
4.49000
2.79000
3.64000
3.62297
4.94000
3.40000
3.23420
3.35000
3.66000
3.50702
3.70171
4.02000
5.69000
3.49507
3.41771

Income
46928.00000
42879.00000
43576.00000
45673.00000
40990.00000
39079.00000
38455.00000
54291.00000
34838.15374
41984.00000
43249.00000
43291.00000
46444.00000
41841.00000
40221.00000

Inputs
Weights
Housing Price
Rental
Bread
CRS Results
DMU No.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

1
1
1

Outputs
Doctors
Income

Weights
1
1

Rental
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
47.28526
0.00000
0.00000
71.92032
131.42959
0.00000
0.00000
150.88930
132.68339

Bread
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.01170
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.05480
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.08972
0.00000

Input Slacks
DMU Name Housing Price

Seattle
Denver
Philadelphia
Minneapolis
Raleigh-Durham
St. Louis
Cincinnati
Washington
Pittsburgh
DallasFort Worth
Atlanta
Baltimore
Boston
Milwaukee
Nashville

0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
34387.72200
0.00000
0.00000
275896.80000
0.00000
125353.52000
102343.31000
344892.42000
0.00000
0.00000
90002.91400
209263.85000

Output Slacks
Sum of
Doctors
Income lambdas
0.00000
0.00000 1.00000
0.00000
0.00000 1.00000
0.00000
0.00000 1.00000
0.95297
0.00000 1.00824
0.00000
0.00000 1.00000
0.00000
0.00000 1.00000
0.43420
0.00000 0.89919
0.00000
0.00000 1.00000
0.00000
304.15374 0.80640
1.54702
0.00000 0.96347
1.47171
0.00000 1.06022
0.00000
0.00000 1.00000
0.00000
0.00000 1.00000
0.38507
0.00000 0.96018
0.16771
0.00000 0.96711

RTS
Constant
Constant
Constant
Decreasing
Constant
Constant
Increasing
Constant
Increasing
Increasing
Decreasing
Constant
Constant
Increasing
Increasing

Optimal Lambdas
with Benchmarks
1.000
Seattle
1.000
Denver
1.000
Philadelphia
0.846
Philadelphia
1.000
Raleigh-Durham
1.000
St. Louis
0.737
Philadelphia
1.000
Washington
0.344
Philadelphia
0.963
Philadelphia
0.404
Philadelphia
1.000
Baltimore
1.000
Boston
0.960
Philadelphia
0.540
Philadelphia

0.162

Washington

0.162

St. Louis

0.299 Raleigh-Durham
0.656

St. Louis

0.427

St. Louis

0.164 Boston

Inputs
Housing Price
Rental
Bread

Outputs
Doctors
Income

Input-Oriented
CRS Model Target
Efficient Input Target
DMU No. DMU Name
Housing Price
1 Seattle
586000.00000
2 Denver
475000.00000
3 Philadelphia
201000.00000
4 Minneapolis
293732.34670
5 Raleigh-Durham
318000.00000
6 St. Louis
265000.00000
7 Cincinnati
377196.74579
8 Washington
583000.00000
9 Pittsburgh
311638.18811
10 DallasFort Worth 255863.40602
11 Atlanta
479098.74297
12 Baltimore
575000.00000
13 Boston
351000.00000
14 Milwaukee
229819.14481
15 Nashville
320453.23038

Rental
581.00000
558.00000
600.00000
598.27090
613.00000
558.00000
468.46705
625.00000
480.47963
561.86221
562.81494
775.00000
888.00000
584.76597
542.85266

Bread
1.45000
0.97000
1.50000
1.42762
0.99000
0.89000
1.00963
1.29000
0.88911
1.29661
0.97837
0.99000
1.09000
1.24249
0.92949

Efficient Output Target

Doctors
4.49000
2.79000
3.64000
3.51921
4.94000
3.40000
2.80000
3.35000
3.66000
3.34271
2.81407
4.02000
5.69000
3.55401
3.25000

Income
46928.00000
42879.00000
43576.00000
45673.00000
40990.00000
39079.00000
38455.00000
54291.00000
34534.00000
41984.00000
43249.00000
43291.00000
46444.00000
41841.00000
40221.00000

Inputs
Housing Price
Rental
Bread

Outputs
Doctors
Income

Input-Oriented
CRS Model Slacks
Input Slacks
Output Slacks
DMU No.
DMU Name Housing Price
Rental
Bread
Doctors
1 Seattle
0.00000
0.00000 0.00000
0.00000
2 Denver
0.00000
0.00000 0.00000
0.00000
3 Philadelphia
0.00000
0.00000 0.00000
0.00000
4 Minneapolis
0.00000
0.00000 0.03613
0.84921
5 Raleigh-Durham
0.00000
0.00000 0.00000
0.00000
6 St. Louis
0.00000
0.00000 0.00000
0.00000
7 Cincinnati
0.00000
0.00000 0.00000
0.00000
8 Washington
0.00000
0.00000 0.00000
0.00000
9 Pittsburgh
0.00000
0.00000 0.00000
0.00000
10 DallasFort Worth
0.00000
0.00000 0.00000
1.38271
11 Atlanta
14197.08792 45.58325 0.00000
0.58407
12 Baltimore
0.00000
0.00000 0.00000
0.00000
13 Boston
0.00000
0.00000 0.00000
0.00000
14 Milwaukee
0.00000
5.61748 0.00000
0.44401
15 Nashville
16193.52734
0.00000 0.00000
0.00000

Income
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000

Inputs
Housing Price
Rental
Bread

DMU No.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

Outputs
Doctors
Income

DMU Name

Seattle
Denver
Philadelphia
Minneapolis
Raleigh-Durham
St. Louis
Cincinnati
Washington
Pittsburgh
DallasFort Worth
Atlanta
Baltimore
Boston
Milwaukee
Nashville

Input-Oriented
CRS
Sum of
Efficiency
lambdas

1.00000
1.00000
1.00000
0.98238
1.00000
1.00000
0.80770
1.00000
0.89809
0.86440
0.82216
1.00000
1.00000
0.81208
0.78108

1.000
1.000
1.000
0.987
1.000
1.000
0.763
1.000
0.790
0.939
1.009
1.000
1.000
1.005
0.944

RTS
Constant
Constant
Constant
Increasing
Constant
Constant
Increasing
Constant
Increasing
Increasing
Decreasing
Constant
Constant
Decreasing
Increasing

Optimal Lambdas
with Benchmarks
1.000
1.000
1.000
0.737
1.000
1.000
0.095
1.000
0.145
0.655
1.009
1.000
1.000
0.571
0.034

Seattle
Denver
Philadelphia
Philadelphia
Raleigh-Durham
St. Louis
Seattle
Washington
Seattle
Philadelphia
Denver
Baltimore
Boston
Philadelphia
Raleigh-Durham

0.250 Washington

0.136 Philadelphia

0.061 Raleigh-Durham

0.471

0.025 Philadelphia
0.131
St. Louis

0.529 Raleigh-Durham
0.154
Washington

0.092

0.435
0.694

0.216

St. Louis
St. Louis

Washington

Washington
Washington

City
Seattle
Denver
Philadelphia
Minneapolis
Raleigh-Durham
St. Louis
Cincinnati
Washington
Pittsburgh
DallasFort Worth
Atlanta
Baltimore
Boston
Milwaukee
Nashville

Housing Price
586000
475000
201000
299000
318000
265000
467000
583000
347000
296000
600000
575000
351000
283000
431000

Rental
581
558
600
609
613
558
580
625
535
650
740
775
888
727
695

Bread
1.45
0.97
1.5
1.49
0.99
0.89
1.25
1.29
0.99
1.5
1.19
0.99
1.09
1.53
1.19

Doctors
4.49
2.79
3.64
2.67
4.94
3.4
2.8
3.35
3.66
1.96
2.23
4.02
5.69
3.11
3.25

Income
46928
42879
43576
45673
40990
39079
38455
54291
34534
41984
43249
43291
46444
41841
40221