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nq'j' 2556 b,a ui mqrmif<diajlod

ls%'j' 2012 fkdjen ui 27 jk od

07 jk
l,n

k iaifi tl;sfhiq tjx

w.diq mnf;iq pdzms
idOqZms yq;ajdk widOq fydka;s
widOq yq;ajd mqk idOq fydka;s
^idmq;a;f:r.d:d&
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me - fkdme lsisjl=ka fj;
fyd| wh krl fj;s
krl wh h<s fyd| fj;s
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fn!oaO <uhd

b,a l,n

iehq;a
uy ry;ka jykafia
nn,msh is jrdrdujdiS

mQcH msmk idikr;k ysmdKka jykafia isks'

zzhfula is,aj;a k" uekeka isysh mj;ajd.kakg

iu;a k" OHdk j,g we,S is;
s ,s oukh lrka Oufha
wm%ud j yeisfrka Ndjkdf fhfokjd k" tf,i
iudu;a is;lska yqfol,d ;fhka i;=gqjkakd ;uhs
f f,dj zNsCIqjZ f,i yekah yelafla'
f:ar .d:d md<sfha i|yka f Wodk mQldj uyd
m[a[ idmq;a; uyry;ka jykafia f.a uehs'
fuhska taldixLH l,am ,CIhlg fmr wfkdauoiaiS
nqrodfKda f,dje my< jQy' toji uydidr l=,fhys
iro k udkjl f;f Wmam;a;sh ,e h' Tyqf.a l=vd
h fl<s fof,ka .;jQ w;r ue h t<u;a iu`.
fufia is;a h' zzuu f wd;auh muKla oks' mrf,dj
wd;auNdj .ek fkdoks ' Wmka i;a j hkg urKh
taldka;uehs ZZ fufia ;fha ksire nj i,ld iir
lska ug mshdf.a wejEfuka ,enqKq rejka .nvdj .S
u.Skag oka ysud, jkhg f.dia iDIs meoafoka me
h' fkdfnda lf,lska wIag iudm;a;s Wmojd .;af;a h'
fn!oaO <uhd

b,a l,n

bksla;af;ka ta u`. f.k ;j;a ie;a;E i;r oyila

udKjlfhda iro ;jqika <`. me je wIag iudm;a;s
,en .;ay'
ti| wkjuoYS nqrcdKka jykafia iro ;jqia f.a
jdikd Yla;sh nq fk;ska l Tyqg hym;la is lsu
msKsi yqfol,dj wyiska ;jqid is ;ekg jevu l<y'
f fudfydf;a wfkla ;jqfida m,je, i|yd msg;g
f.dia yqky
a ' iro ;jqia f;u ,CIK Ydia;f
% ha ,;a kqka
taldka;fhka f k nqjrfhl= ne jgydf.k fmr
.uka fldg mi`. msysgqjd je| Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiag
wiqka mkjd f;f o tl;a miaj isfha h' m,je,
fk,d meKs f.da< msig ;u wdpdkag jvd Wiia ;j;a
flfkl= f f,dj jikjd hs l=l=ila Wmk' fuhg
ms<s;=re jYfhka iro ;jqia f;u orejks" f;dmg wn
weghla iu`. ieg wg ,CIhla fhdke;s uydfrej iu
lrkakg yels hs uiq l, taldka;fhka u f f;f
wm .=re iro ;jqidg jvd Wiia flfklehs wjfndaO j
Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiag je| nqyquka lajQy'
.re wdrdOkfhka Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia ys M,j,ska
mqok ,oy' nqyq tu md;%h ms<s.;a ieKska fofhda jH
ci odkhg Y% lf<da h' oka lsi wjik nqrcdKka
jyka f ia fkdfnda fj,djls k a udf.a w.i foku
jykafia iu`. ,CIhla NsCIq ix>hd iDoafhka jk
fialajd hs wgka l<y'
f uyd ix> ikaksmd;h isjQ ieKska iro f;u
we;= msi iDoafhka u,a wiqka mekjQy' nqrka yg
fhdkla Wie;s u,iqkla ms<s.eka jQy' nqka m%uqL ish
fn!oaO <uhd

b,a l,n

NsCIqyQ ksfrdaO iudm;a;shg iu jeo i;shla t;ek jev

isg i;sh blau jQ miq w.ijq fokug f u,a wiqka mQcdf
wkqiia foaYkd lrk f,i Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia ie<
l<y' fofokd jykafiau o foiqj;a tl ;jqfila j;a
OudjfndaOh fkd,oafoa h' wk;=rej nqyQ wkqfujeks
nKjr foiQ w;r iro ;jqia yer ye;a;E y;r oyila
;jqfida ry;a je tys NsCIq Ndjfhka me jQy'
iro ;jqia f;u nq mduq, je| je" zziajdkS" Tn
jykafia <`. fojk wiqfkys jev isk f ksiN f;reka
fuka udo lsish nq flfkl=f.a Ydikfha m%{dfjka
w.;ekam;a Y%djlfhl= ug m%d:kd lrk ne ie<
l<y'
Tyqf.a m%d:kdj iuDoau;a jk k nqrcdKka
jykafia zmske;sh" fuhska wixfLhH l,am ,CIhlg
miq Tlaldl l=,fha bmso f.!;u kka nqflfkla
f,dje my,fj;s' Tn jkdys Wkajykafia f.a o fifk
iehq;a f;ryq jkakdy hs mjid i`. msi iu`. t;ekska
fmr<d jehy' iro ;id isnU jrK jvd urKska
u;= nUf,dj Wm; ,oafoa h'
idmq;a; uyry;ka jykafia f.a w;S; l:dj fuh
f'
wm l:dkdhlhdfKda f.!;u nqrcdKka jykafia
my< jkakg m%:u rc.y kqjrg im Wm;siai k
nuqKq .f id k neKshg mq;a j W;am;a;sh ,nd
l=vd l, f.jqKq miq ixidr.; mqreoao biau;=j isf;ys
mek kex.y' ta i|yd mir idOlo fya;= idOl h'
W;aij fl<sfha miqmi we;s udhdj;a tys ksire nj;a
fn!oaO <uhd

b,a l,n

k ;fha iekiSu ,nkakg .sys f.hska kslau ixch

msjehd <`. me h' ;uka fidhk uqla;sh Tyq
<`.;a fkdue;s l, thska kslau hk .ufka Nd.Hj;=ka
jykafia f.a m%:u ry;a yeg ku w;r is wiai uy
f;reka l zziajdks" Tn jykafia ljqreka Wfoid me
jQ fiala hs uiS h' iajd jq ij{hka jykafia udf.a
.=re jk fial' Wkajykafia Wfoid me jQfhZhs wiai
f;rKqfjda fy<s l<y'
bksla;sj wiai f;reka zzlsish fya;= Ouhla
ksid yg.kakd M,hla we;a o tlS M,fhys fya;=j l=ula
hs ;:d.;hka jykafia jodrk fial' tu M,fhys
wNdjhla we;s l,ays tys ksfrdaOh o Wkajykafia m%ldY
lrk fial' hkqfjka m%ldY l< w:j;a mo i;r lk
jel=Kq .iskau fidajdka M,fhys msysfha h'
fkdfnda l,lg miqj ;:d.;hka yuqf me jQ
iehq;a udyshka jykafia myf<diajk k blau hkjd;a
iu`. fokd m.%y iQ;%h lk jelS il,laf,aYhka
m%ySK lrkakg iu: jQy' f;jkdrdufha nqrcdKka
jykafiaf.ka" uyd m[a[dkx hox idmqf;;d" uyd
kqjKe;shka w;r ud mq;a idmq;a; f;f w. ;ekam;a
jkafka u h hkqfjka w. ;k;=re ,oy'
iiqka lsi ukdj islrka ;HdoDIa w;a fkdy<
;u uEKshka o iuH.aoDIafhys msysgqjd wo jeks b,a
fmdfyda khl ta uyd nqoaO mq;%hdfKda myka is<la
fuka ks .shy'
^ufkdar:mQrKS ^wX.=;a;r ksldh wGl:dj& weiqka
ieleisKs&
fn!oaO <uhd

b,a l,n

hqKqf fodrgq lshjuq

^w;a:iaioajdr cd;lh&
fld<U YajoHd,fha isxy, wOHk wxYdm;s oYkm;s

mQcH w.,lv isiquk ysmdKka isks

orefjl=f.a ;lai,dj f.oru fjhs' tys uyefrda

foudmsfhda h' l=vd l, orejka uik oE myoka Tjqkg
kqu ug foudmsfhda W;aiql fj;s' fo.=re hk kduh
o foudmshkg ,efnkqfha f ksidfjks' zzwf .
l:djla lshkakeZZhs orefjl= wudf. wef`.ys t,af,k
g l:d fkdo;a ta wud rl:kh lrljd mq;=g wd"
iShd inkaO lr fok tla;rd fjf<| kaula wms
olsuq' we;e g mdief,a fmd; muKla Wf.k" ndysr
iudc {dkfhka f;dr jQ /lshdjg hk tk kQ;k
umshjreka f.a ienE iajNdjh thska jks; lrjhs' Tjqyq
. l:d fkdoks;s' jeys mrmqr ;ju;a h;ka fyda
iudc {dkh ykd .;af;da fj;s' Tjqkf.a wNdjfhka
miq orejkg iqrx.kd l:d" rc l:d wikakg rl:k
iud. miqmi hEug isjk wkd.;h je wE;l fkdjk
nj isysm;a lruq'
uqksodi l=udr;=x. m`;=ukaf.a zzmshiurZZ ldjHh
Tiafia mdGlhd wj lrkafka foudmshka i;= iudc
kqu fY%aIaG orefjl= ksudKh lrkakg lrk ,o
fn!oaO <uhd

b,a l,n

n,mEu inkaOfhks' fYaIfhka mshd ie|E l, mq;=f.a

w; w,ajd f.k f,ys wejka fidnd oyu .ek"
rcjreka isgqjreka .ek" br y| ;re .ek ;u kqu odhdo
l< whqre b;d wmQj f,i l=udr;=x.fhda mshiufrys
olaj;s' tjka msfhl= fkd jkakg l=udr;=x. jeks uyd
odYkslfhl=" fY%aIaG NdIdffhl=" isxy,fhl= wmg
wys hkakg ;snqKs' f wkqj orejd odYkslfhl=
jkjd o ;%i;
a jdfhl= jkjd o hkak ;SrKh flfrkafka
orejd uqyqK fok foudmsh mirfhka nj meye,s
lreKls'
orejkg l:d u;= fkdj hqKqjg u`. lshd u o
foudmsh ldhNdrhls' ;u ;fha w;alS Nd; lrka
B<`. mrmqr yev.eiau foudmshka f.a mru hq;=lu
jkafka h' mdi,lg fyda oy mdi,lg hejQ muKska
fuu ldhh is fj;ehs wfmalaId lsu uq<djls' orejka
f.a hqKqjg u`. fmkaug foudmshka fkdokafka k
ta i|yd ;udg jvd w;alS nyq, h;a m`jrfhl= f.a
weiqr ,nd u flfrys o nqoau;a foudmshka ie,ls,su;a
h hq;= h'
fuu cd;l l:dfjka .%y flfrkafka fuf;la
l< mQldjg wod< b;d jeo.;a jrKhls' tk
w;a : ia i oa j dr cd;lhhs ' Ou foa Y lhka f .a ckm% s h
ud;Dldjla o we;s f cd;lh kdu ud;%fhkau
meye,s jkafka w: isoah we;s lr,Sug wod< fodrgq
uik cd;l l:djla njhs' fuu l:dj wmg odhdo
jkafka nqoau;a mqf;l= msfhl= fj;ska weiQ m%Yakhla
fya;=fjks' mshjreka fj;ska O m%Yak k`.k orejka
w;r fuys mq;= mshdf.ka uikafka ;udf.a ;fhys
fn!oaO <uhd

b,a l,n

hqKqjg fya;=jk fodrgq uid fok f,ihs' Bg wod<

fndfyda ldrKd ldrK fkdo;a tu mshd mq;= nqyshka
fj;g /f.k f.dia zziajdks" f l=udrhd kqjKe;af;aj"
ldrKd ldrK kafuys iu: h' f f;f ud fj;ska
wNsjDoahg ldrKd jQ m%Yakhla pdf<a h' nqrcdKka
jykai" ug ta m%Yakh jod< fiala k hym;a jkafka
hZZ hkqfjka lshd isfha h'
mq;=g wNsjDoa ldrKd lshd fokakg fkdo;a ta mshd
mq;= nqyshka fj; /f.k hEu {dkjka; ls%hdjls'
;ud fkdo;a foa okakd flfkl= fj;ska fyda ,nd
nd, mrmrdj ksis ;ekg /f.k hEu nqoau;a foudmsh
hq;=lula fkdjkafka o@ nqysfhda fuu mq;=g hqKqf
fodrgq fmkajd jod<y' fuu fodrgq ta mq;g
= muKla fkdj
f,dalfha ish fokd fj;gu wod< jQ fia fmfka'
nqyshka jodf<a" wNsjDoahg fya;= jk im;a
Wmojkakg" Wmojd .;a im;a ksis m%fhdack ,nkakg
o fya;=jk ldrKd yhla we;s njhs' thska m<uqjekak
kSfrda.s njhs' zzwdfrda.Hf mrux p ,dNxZZ hkqfjka
kSfrda.Slu u mru ,dNhla fldg fuys jod<y' orefjl="
;reKhl= jqj ks;r ks;r mSvd f.fkk frda.sfhl=
jqjfyd;a wOHdmkh o /lshdj o jHdmdrh o ksis f,i
bgq l< fkdyels jkq we;' .sudkkao iQ;%fhys jod< m
frda.ldrl wgls' tk fi" jd" ms;a uq,a fldg yg.kakd
frda. ;=kls' tajd tlajr lsmSfuka yg .kakd ikaksmd;
wjia:djls' iD;= fjkia fuka yg .kakd frda. o f'
Iu meje;au fya;=fjka o lu mdlfhka o ;udf.a u
Wml%ufhka ksiaiq frda.dndO we;s lr .ks;s' kQ;kfha
ksid fm<k ish frda. f fya;=ldrl ksid h' tneka
fn!oaO <uhd

b,a l,n

f ms<sn| wjfndaOh yd ksis meje;au we;s lr .ekSfuka

u fuu frda.j,ska isug wmyiq fkdjkq we;' f
hqKqjg fya;= jk m<uq fodrgqj jkafka h'
hq K q j g fya ; = j k fojk fodrgq j jka f ka ukd
wdpdrYS,fhka hqla;j f,dal pd;% k ;h mj;ajd
.ekSuhs' tk YS,dpdr njhs' f,dalfhys l=vd l, isgu
l< hq;= fkdl< hq;= oE fjhs' tajd oelafjkafka pd;%
yd jd;% hkqfjks' l< hq;= oE u.ykakd o fkdl< hq;=
oE je,| .kakd o msfy;s' wdpdr pdr fkdo;a ksid
uxuq<d jQfjls' ksjfia mdif,a fyda msfik ljr
;efkl fyda wdpdr pdr uid j;a jkakdg jrkafka
ke;' jroaod .;af;da ui;ajd'
hqKqf f;jeks fodrgqj {dk jDoaO" jfhda jDoaO"
;fmda jDoaO jQ .=rejr jeyshka fj;g meK wjYH
WmfoaY .=reyrel" wjjdo ,nd .ekSug l%shd lsuhs'
uefrk ;=rd ksidg W.; hq;= foa fjhs' nqrkaf.ka
fuyd ish,a, o;af;l= wmg ke;' tneka ;ud ish,a,
okakd flfkl= fia fkdyeisr ;udg jvd hula okakd
fYaI{hka fj;ska lreKq k .ekSu hym;lau we;s
lrjhs' ;h mqrdjgu .=rejrfhl= wjYH nj fuhska
lshef' fmd;m;lg mjd <x jkafka ldrKd ldrK
k .ekSf Wjukdfjka u k th hqKqf fodrgqjla
jkafka h'
hqKqfjys y;rjk fodrgqj f,i nyqY%e; nj lafjhs'
tk f,dal {dkh fidhd hEuhs' ta i|yd fndfyda foa
weish hq;= njhs' mqrdK fYda;DD iudcfha weiSu m%n,
bf.kSf l%ufohla h' wefik foa ord ;ukg re
fn!oaO <uhd

b,a l,n

f,i ml,amkh lr .kska ;h mj;ajd f.k hEug

W;aidy lsu {dkjka; nj h' iqkd:" Odfr:" prd:
hk jpk lshejqfKa ta ksidfjks'
;s%O Yap;fhka wE;a ;s%O iqp;h jeu
hqKqfjys miajk fodrgqj jkafka h' lh" jpkh yd
is;s,s Tiafia flfrk ls%hdjka hym;a f,i mj;ajd
f.k hEu fuhska wfmalaId h' ldhsl fyda jdpisl
ls%hdjka Iag f,iu is lrk msia wjudks; ksiaiq
jka f kda h' is ; s ,s Ia g lr.ekS u nrm;< iudc
jHikhls' tjka jQfjda ieuod l ms fofk;skau
f.j;s' hqKqjla k is fkdjkafka h'
hqKqfjys m%Odk wjika fodrgqj f,i .%y jQfha
ldhlaIu njhs' we;eyq uyd WodiSkfhda h' hula
werfuys hh o ke;' wjika lsfuys hh o ke;'
is;s,s mjd w,i .;s mdhs' jev l,a oukakg" jev u`.
ykakg w;solaI ksiaiq wmg iEu ;efklaysu fmfk;a'
Tjqka f iudchg fldkhls'
tneka hqKqj leue;af;da fuu wF:iaioajdr ykd
.ks;ajd'

fn!oaO <uhd

10

b,a l,n

me<EfKa uydkdhl
yduqrefjda
^uykdys 134 jk Wm;a iurej f ui 25 jk odg fhKs'&

is jrdrdujdiS mQcH f.dv iq; ysmdKka isks'

f" mqf;a" je,sg irKxlr ix>rdc yduqrefjda .ek Tn

wy, we;s' tod uykqjr ldf,a nqoaOidifka imQKfhkau
msys,d Wmimod NsCIQkajykafia mjd wmg wys jQ wre
hq.hla wdjd' idikfha kdufhka fmkS is .Kska jykafia,d
m%isoafha jdy ; mjd .; lrk ;rug u iiqk msyqKd'
ta msySu re lr,d h<s msis Wmimodj f.ke;a is,aj;a
.=Kj;a NsCIq im%odhla we;s lr, h<s iiqk iqj| lf<a wfma
ix>rdc yduqrefjda'
Bg miq ld,hl idifka kej; f,dl= msySula wrdcHjd
n,mEula iu`. we;s jqKd' fYaIfhka f mqf;a w.kqjr uq,a
lr.;a ;odikak m%foaYj, f .egj ;ka mej;=Kd' w.kqjr
m%N+ msia ;k;=re knq kdu Wfoid wd.u fjkia lrkak
mgka .;a;d' NsCIQka jykafia weiqka ria jqKd' O ixlr
.;s is;a Tjqka yryd me;sfrkak mgka .;a;d' Tjqkg nq
oyu .ek k.ekSug w.kqjr wdY%S;j l%uj;a jev ms<sfj<la
;snqfKa keye' ta wre hq.fha f mqf;a wo jf.a fkfjhs'
Ouh fyd|g lshd fokak mqjka yeu fokdf.au m%idoh
,efnk is,aj;a .=Kj;a yduqrejre fndfydu ys`. jqKd' ta;a
fn!oaO <uhd

11

b,a l,n

wfma jdikdjg tod uykqjr jf.a fuod fld<kq;a uyd

W;=uka jykafia kula iiqk fjkqfjka my< jqKd' t;=uka
jykafia tod nqrcdKka jykafia iufha ;snq whqkau jdf.a
is,j
a ;a .=Kj;a NsCIq im%odhg kej; jh kakd' msis Ouh
i wdrlska wfma yoj;a j,g fkk f,i ikaksfokh
l<d' wd.u cd;sh fjkia lr, iiqk .ek l<lsfuka ysgmq
fndfyda fofkla f uyre ms<sfj;g meyeKd' kej; nK
wikak wdjd' y mquhla jqKd' Wm;skau wkHd.lhka mjd
ta nK wy, nq oyu je<| .;a;d' iuyre me jqKd' wfka
idOq wfka idOq kej; fof,dka fo mqf;l= meK idikh
frd .;a;d fia iiqk nenf<kak jqKd' ta hq. mqreIhdKka
jyka f ia fjk ljq r e;a fkfuhs ' orejfka ka Tn f
lshjk zzfn!oaO <uhdZZ i`.rdj mjd werUQ nn,msfha is
jrdrdufha ksud;D jQ mru mQckSh me<EfKa is jr[dK
uyd kdhl udysmdKka jykafia hs'
we;a;g mqf;a f" jrdrduh kka ydrhla we;s jqfKa
tys Ou Yd,dj ksiduhs' ta Ou Yd,dj ta ;r jkafka
r;a;rka mdg .dmq ls.re`v ;a;s ksidj;a" ika ,S ljr
,S j,ska lrmq iq.kaO l=hla ksidj;a fkfuhs' mqx fldg
;a;s ne|mq ta pd Ou Yd,dfjka ysKq oy wdf,dalh
ksid' tod orejfka Thd,g wo jf.a fndfydau f,aisfhka nK
wykak ne hq.hla ;snqKd' wd wu, iSh, ore uqKqmqfrda
tlal fldg mere wrka ish f.a fodr jev kj;aj,hs
nK wykak wf' yduqrefjda mqiafld< fmd; n,df.k ta
;sfhk yg ;d,hg lshkjd' wyk wh fldamS idOq ldr
foka wykjd' iuyre b;ska f.drj f.drjd ksod .kakjd'
t<s fjk ;=re nK lshkjd f l%uh lla fjkia lr,d
Ouh wfma ;j,g fkk fohla njg m;a lr,d mqx
fn!oaO <uhd

12

b,a l,n

ud;Dldjla wrf.k Y%djlhdg iDcqju wduka;%Kh lrka

mehl ;r ld,hla ;=< Ouh ; iu`. tl;= lr.kakd
ye fndfydau ir,j lshd kafka wfma me<EfKa is jr[dK
kdhl yduqrefjda' f w;a ;df,a Ou foaYkd wyf.k
ysgmq tl, foHdoh mfKdm;s yslalvqf YS% iqux.,
kdhl yduqrefjda zTkak ka ;uhs b;ska isxy f;,g r;arka
Ndckhla ,e ;sfnkafkaZZ lshd jodr ;sfnkjd' ta ;rla
o uyf.dv [dKsiair kdhl yduqrefjda lsj me<EfKg
k nK lshk me<EK yhgu wyq ;sfnkjdZZ lsh,d' wfma
uy kdhl yduqrefjda ;uhs mqf;a f .=jka ,sfha uq,au
Ou foaYkdj mj;ajmq yduqrefjda' ta ldf,a .=jka ,s hka;%
l=K,d ;sfnkafka me<EfKa kdhl yduqrejkaf.a nKla
wykak k k .=jka ,s hka;%hla .kak lsh,' ta ;ru
ta nK ksiqkag jkd lula f.kdj' wka;sug uydkdhl
yduq refjda wikS m jQ ld,fha .= j ka ,s ixia : dfjka
jrdrduhg fjku flan,hla i l<d' Wkajykafiaf.a
nK mkaif,a isgu m.; lsug' f Ou foaYkd im%odh
Wkajykafiaf.ka kej;=fKa keye' Wkajykafia f.a YsIHhdkq
YsIH mrmrdf kdro f,dl= yduqrefjda" ufya uykdhl
yduqrefjda" mshoiais kdhl yduqrefjda wmsfha YS% rdyq,
kdhl yeuqrefjda jf.au .xf.dv, fidau yduqrefjd;a f
Ou foaYkd im%odh wdf,dalj;a l<d'
me<EfKa kdhl yduqrejkaf.a <ud ld,h .ek hula k
.kak tl wfma fn!oaO <uhd lshjk fmd;a;kag fndfydau
j' Thd,d ud;r l;r.u hk fldg .d,a,;a ud;r;a w;r
je,s.u myqfjk fldg me<EK lsh,d uqyqo lsgqj ;shk
,iaik .ula ynfjkjd' ta .f 1878 fkdjen 25 jkod
;uhs wfma uydkdhl yduqrefjda Wmkafka' ;d;a;d m%isoaO
fn!oaO <uhd

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m`rejkla jQ ;=vdf mKa; .=KjOk uqykar;=ud' wud

.sudrd fiarisxy <ud ;ekS' ojila f mskaj;a mqx mq;d ish
wud iu`. mkai,g .shd' nqka jeo,d fndah foi fndfyda
fj,d n,d is mqx mq;= z wf wfma nqyduqrefjda fufyuo
fndah foi n,df.k isfha Z lshd weyqjd' wudf.a weiaj,g
i;=gq l wdjd' w;a fol mq;= foig tla jqKd' mq;= foig
je|f.ku zz mqf;a kqU u;= nqfjhka ZZ hehs wdorfhka lsjd'
iiqka .ukg wudf.ka jrK .;a f mska we;s mq;=f.a is;
fkka k meoaog u fhduq jqKd' 1893 cQ,s 20 jk od lUqre.
uqf .,fyak ydrfha fr.msg is fj; f,dl=
yduqrejkaf.a wdpdh;ajfhka me<EfKa jr[dK kka
me ug m;ajK
q d' f mqf;a zz yefok .y fofm;af;ka fka
ZZhehs lshukla ;sfnkjd' ta jf.a fj; f,dl= yduqrejkag;a
f;areKd ish md fijKg m;a jqfKa uyd mska we;s orefjla nj'
fj; f,dl= yduqrefjd ojila fufyu lshkjd' zzjr[dK
fmd Wkakdkafia f.okau ye wd flfkla' wmg ta kuf.a
yokak uql=;a b;sfj,d keyeZZ lsh,d'
f.okau ye wd mqx yduqrefjda mkaif,kq;a f.dvla foa
bf.k .kak we;s' Bg miafia 1897 Wkajykafia foHdaoh
msfjkg we;= jqKd' tys fyd|g mdv l<d' ksjdvqjlgj;a
fldfyj;a .sfha keye' kslrefKa l;d lrka ld,h ld
uqf keye' wvqfjka l;d l<d' jefhka jev l<d' wfkla
fmd yduqrejre ys l<d lg wu;l fj,d f.or ;sh,d
wdmq flfkla lsh,d' f Tlafldu ,shkafka fn!oaO <uhd
lshjk mq;=kag f W;a;u p;fha .=K iqj| | yefokakhs'
fldfydu y Wiq iq bjika jir 03la ;=< msfjfka
ma;su;a YsIHhdg ys zz iHdurdc ZZ;Hd.ho 1900 jif
kd .kska msfjka wOHdmkh yudr l<d' ta jifu
fn!oaO <uhd

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Wmimod jQ me<EfKa jr[dK ;reK ysmdKka 1901

jrdrduh wdrN l<d' tod b|,d wu;l l< lf n,h
u;= jqKd' jrdrdufha oy y`v oi . me;sreKd' mqf;a" f"
tod nn,msfha mdrla mdrla mdid fyd|g isjqre fmdrj,
ysis /jq,a nd,d md;a;f w;g wrf.k msKavmdf;a jk
yduqrejreka f.a oYkh n,kak yu ,iaikg ;sfhkak
we;s' yeuodu yjig ksiaiq nK wykak wdjd' nK wy,
meyeKq ;reK msia me jqKd' ta YsIH mq;%hska jykafia,d;a
.=re i je u`.u fjkila ke;sj jehd' Tn f lshjk
fn!oaO <uhd mgka .;af;;a f ld,fhauhs' zfndai;aZ lsh,d
bx.%Sis i`.rdjl=;a m< jqKd'
uydkdhl yduqrefjda Tn jf.a mqx mq;=kaj wu;l
lf<a keye' Tn fjkqfjka ,iaik l ,sjd' ta l lshjk
fldg jpkhla .dfka yoj;g fkkjd' ;h n,df.k
boa yefokjd' f n,kak'
lrf;d;a lrmka yhg- nek m,hka wylg
w;m; .dks jgmsg - n,ka <; jkafka l=ug o
lrk fohla ilid imqrd lereu
jefvk mske;shka is;ls ksr;=reu
;;k ;;k h; .djd lereu
ksysk n. msfyk whghs Wreu
wfma uydkdhl yduqrefjda jhig hoa l l wikSm
jqKd' Wkajykafia ta f,v frda. WfmaCIdfjka bjiqjd' isiq
mq;=ka uy;a f.!rjfhka Wjgeka l<d' ta;a tl ojila uq
jrdrduhu wre fj,d .shd' uq nn,mshu ta wdrxh wy,
f.d jqKd' .=jka ,sfhka ta m%jD;a;sh wy, zwfka wfmdhsZ
fkdlS flfkla ke;s ;ruhs' wmg nK lshkakg fo f,dj
fn!oaO <uhd

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isg je yduqrefjda wmg ke;s jqKdZ lshk fokdj tod yeu

fokdgu kqKd' jrdrdufha inqoaO Ydikhg mEhQ mqr i|
u`v, 1955 iema;en 21 jk od nei .shd' tod isg YS% foayh
wdodykh lrk oskh ;=re ,CI .Kka ieye;shkaf.a l
j,ska jrdrdu N+h f;;a jqKd' isiq mq;Kqjka jykafia,d
keuqKq ysiska f,dal Ou;dj ms<sn| WfmCIdfjka iir u`.
yuq jQ mru ruKSh weremdKka f.a YS% foayh iys; foK ,CI
05g je ckldh w;ka ksoyia p;=ri%hg jevu lrjqjd' f
fhda l Wyq,kak nej wyi uyd l jeiaila jeiafijd'
ufya uydkdhl yduqrefjda ish weremdKka f.a foayh
foi n,df.k zzu;= iir ieirk ;=re Tn jykafia wmg
.=rejrhdKka jykafia u f;ajd ZZ hs me;=jd' foayh ;lhg
we;= l<d' ta l udrfhka uq fld<U wyi u wre jqKd'
myqjod Wfoa kK m;%h fufyu ,sjd' zzkQ;k inq
iiqka uyd iEfha isK je .sfha h' imQK ;s%msglh
wgqjd ld mamKS iys;j ,shQ iajKuh .%ka: r;akh kfha
judk m%;suQ;sh .sfha hZZ
ohdnr f mqf;a" uydkdhl yduqrefjda tod wmj;a jqK;a
ta W;=uka jykafia wfma yoj;aj, by<u ;ek ;ju jev
bkakjd' ta nj u;l ;nd f.k ta ufyda;a;uhka jykafia
je re Kek u`.g hkakg wgka lr.kak'
f;rejka irKhs'

fn!oaO <uhd

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fkdmudj jer ork

hKshg
fld<U YdLd oHd,fha Y%du,;a wdpdhdKs

,CIa fmfrd uy;ah

WGdk ld,ys wkqGydfkda

hqjd n,S wd,ishx Wfmaf;da
ixikak ixlmam ufkda l=iSf;da
m[a[dh u.a.x w,fid k kao;s
Oumo
ke`.skak f f,dj y
mud fjkak ;j kE iqiQ
;reK lu;a n,h;a ;snqK;a
w,i jqfKd;a whsfhda whsfhda
w,i lka .=<s Wkafkd;a
is;s,s;a wfka yexf.a .=<s
yelsKq fud<fhka flf,i o Tnf.a
mEfokafka kqjfKa W,am;a
mqx f jev l,a fkd oud
W;aidy wrka hqKqfj ysKs ux
ke`. hkak msfhka msh fkdmud
Tng ish,a iem iEfoa bka
;su,a
fn!oaO <uhd

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is;a uq;=yr fyj;a .=K Ks wdr - 06

f,djg jev lsu

zz.=re iShdZZ isks

fj,djg jev lsu fyd| .=Kfhls' fuh wm me/

Kshka mqre l< fyd| isf;ls' wo fuh fnfyka
we;af;a ngysr rgj, ck;dj w;r h' fydard hka;%h
fyj;a Trf,daiqj ksudKh lerefKa f i|yd h'
tfy;a fndfyda fokd wo th Nd; lrkafka fj,djg
jev lsug fkdj wdNrKhla f,i i,ld h'
fmd lghq;j
= , fhfok g;a fm!oa.,sl lghq;= lrk
g;a fj,djg lrkakg mqre u idOQka f.a isf;ls'
zisu;aZ f.a k phdf ;udg wh;a lghq;= fj,djg
is l< nj tu l fmf<ys lafjkafka fufia h(
fj,dj fkd je/o - lEug wd i|
Tyqg jvd fid| - uyf;la ljfr o@
hk meh l=vd orejkg uekeka lg mdv h'
fj,dj fkd i,lk wh ld,h kdia;s lr;s' we;e
g ;ud f.a ld,h muKla fkd j wkqka f.a ld,h o
kdia;s lr;s' i;shl" wdh;khl" rgl fyda fj,djg
fn!oaO <uhd

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jev fkdlrk ks<Odka rdcH kdhlhka" m%OdkSka m%udo

j jev lrk g rg u msfyk ie miq.sh ld,fhys
wms w;agqjuq' wka; cd;sl jYfhka o wm - lS;shla
thska ,eKs'
m%udo fj,djg jev fkdlsu zzisxy,hd f.a fj,dj
heZZ we;efula lsh;s' th isxy, cd;shg u lefrk
wmydifhls' fmr. jeishka fjfiiska u isxy,hka
iqN kel;g jev lsfuka mqyqKq flf<a o fj,djg
jev lsug h' me/Ks isxy,hka ld,h kdia;s fkdlr
fj,djg jev l< nj frdn fkdlaia wdka ,shQ m;a
fmd;ays o i|yka f'
.=re is; fkd
ojd
fj,dj fkd
jrojd
ne;s fm
Wmojd
wl=re W.kS l=ure fid|jd
tod rc l=url= fj,dj fkd jrojd Ys,am W.;a ie
f;dg.uqf YS% rdyq, ud yshka zzldjHfYaLrfhysZZ
i|yka flf<a t f,isks'
nqrcdKka jykafia o fj,djg ie,eiqulg wkqj jev
lsf wdoYh f,djg fmkajQ W;= Ydia;Dka jykafia
flfkls' fyd| orefjda ta nq is; fydka wkq.ukh
lr;s ' fn!oa O <uhdg miq ld,fhl zzuyd;a u hl= Z Z
uyd;aukshlZZ jkakg f W;= is; uy;a Wmldrhla
i,ikafka h' wfma fyd| orefjda zzisxy,hdf.a fj,djZZ
^m% u do jev ls u& fjkia lrka k g W;a i dyj;a
fj;a jd
fn!oaO <uhd

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fj,djg jev lsf w.h oyd olajk" mrumQcH

me<EfKa is jr[dK uydkdhl udyshka f.a my;
i|yka ukr lh o fydka m%.=K lrkak'
fj,djg u yeu lghq;=j, fhfokq
fkd,d l,a mgka .;a lghq;= ksukq
u,d ksl uql fkdje yqre nqyq jkq
n,d u;= hqKq isysfhka fufy lrkqZZ
ish orefjda iqjm;a fj;a jd

ud fu lod mdmsfPd
l=iSf;d ySkrfhd
wmamiaiqf;d wkdofrd
flk f,dliax lsx ishd
idmq;a;f:r.d:d
mdmS wdYd we;af;la" h ke;af;la" lue,sfhla"
w,amY%e;fhla" ohd ke;af;la lsis lf,l ug yuq
fkd f jd tn flfkl=f.a wjjdofhka ljr
m%fhdackhla o@
hfula nyqY%e; o m%{d imkak o YS,fhys uekeka
msysfha o" is; jefuys ^iu:fhys& fhfKa o fyf;u
udf.a uqfkys mjd is jd ^ysia uqkska Tyqg f.!rj
lr&
idmq;a;f:r.d:d
fn!oaO <uhd

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nl cd;lh
YdLd oHd,hfha Y%du,;a wdpdhdKs

,CIa fmfrd uyd;auksh isks

wm iud inqrcdKka jykafia jev isfha hlsis

ydria:dkhl o" tu ydrh fndfyda ckhdf.ka fukau
ix>hd jykafia,df.ka o ms .sfha h'
nqrcdKka jykafia for fjfyr jev isk l,
tu ydrh o ieug u ieyej;=kaf.ka ms meje;sK'
nqrcdKka jykafiaf.ka nK weiSug" fndfyda r isg
jevu l< tla NsCIqjla h' fuu NsCIqj ;u isjqr ukdj
fmdrjdf.k isfha h' lsisfjla th mrK jQ isjqrla nj
k fkd.;ay' wfkla NsCIQka yg f isjqr ukd f,i
fmdrjd .ekSug yels ksid b,a,d .ekSug is;+y' lfia
,ndf.k miai lr.;a f isjqr fokafka flfiahs
mejiQ NsCIqj" w;a isjqrlg fuh udre lrkakg leu;s
h' fufia isjqre yqjudre lr.;a miq wfkla NsCIQyq mrK
jQ isjqr fiay' th mrK jQ isjqrla neka NsCIQka th fia
g b .sfha h' ;uka yg i;Hh fkdmjid" rjgkakg
ye nj nqrcdKka jykafiag NsCIQyq meKs,s l<y' fmr
wd;auj, mjd fuu NsCIqj fkdfhla wh fkdu`. hjd
we;s nj mjid ta w;S; l:dj jod<y'
fn!oaO <uhd

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wE; w;S;fha nrKeia kqjr nUo;a rcq l, wm uy

fndai;dKka jykafia ud ?kl kdhlhd f,i tla
f,l j;a jQy' Tjqkg uqyqK ug ;snQ tlu .egj
fldl=kaf.ka wdrCId u h' f,ys ms ;snq iq fk
u,a iy fld< udjkg wdrCIdj f.k ks' tla fkl
,g meKs fldfll= ;u mshdm;a ysjd" iq fk
u,a w;rg fk u,la f,i isfha h' fuu fldld
is,aj;a wfhl= h hq;= nj udfjda idlPd l<y' fuh
lk jel=Kq kdhl udjd zzifydaorhsks" fldld fk
u,la f,i iskafka is,j
a ;a lug fkdf' Tn ieu w,a,d
.ekSug wjia:djla tk;=re nj fkdf;afhs uiS h' th
ms<s.;a udfjda f,a ta f w; mSkka , l<Ukakg
jQy' f,a c,h uvh' Uqre meyehg yereKs' h hg
is ud fkdfmkS .sfhda h' fldldg ;jrg;a udka
rjgkakg fkdyels h' kdhl udjdf.a kqjKe;s lu
ksid ;=re ud ?k /l=Ks' fk u,la f,i r`. mE
fldld wE; jkhg mshdUd .sfha ,la fidhdf.k h'
tl, kdhl udjd jQfha wm iud inqrcdKka
jykafia h' ud ?k ix>hdjykafia,d h' udka /
jug ;e;a l< fldld NsCIqka jykafia,dg i;Hh
fkdmejiQ NsCIqjhs' wkqka rjgkakg is;Su mjd fyd|
ke;' tg ;udu lrorhg m;afjk nj nl cd;lh
wmg lshd foa'

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iQ;% msglfhks'''''''

rdyq,fhks" hfia rcl=g hysia muK o< we;s" jevqK

Yr we;s" cj imkak zhqoaON+hg wj;SrK jQ wef;la
fjhs o" Tyq hqoaON+hg wj;SrK jQfha" b fomd j,ska
o ls%hd lrhs' miq fomd j,ska o ls%hd lrhs' b Yrfhka
o ls%hd lrhs' miq Yrfhka o ls%hd lrhs' ysiska o l%shd
lrhs' folkaj,ska o ls%hd lrhs' o< folska o ls%hd lrhs'
j,s.fhka o ls%hd lrhs' fid`vh /l.ks' tys we;=rejdg
fujka is;la my< fjhs' zzrcqf.a f we;a rc hysia muK
o< we;s'''''' fid`vh /l.kafkau h' we;d f.a ;h rcq
fjkqfjka yrkd ,oafoa hZZ'
rdyq,fhks" rcqf.a we;d hysia muK o< we;s''''''''''
fid`ka o ls%hd lrhs' tys we;rejdg fujka is;la
my< fjhs' zzrcq f.a f we;d''''''''' we;df.a ;h rcq
fjkqfjka m;Hd. lrk ,oafoa h' tfia we;s g we;d
iska rcqg fjk lsis lghq;a;la ke;ZZhs ' tf,iu
rdyq,fhks" h lsisjl=g k k fndre lSfuys ,ecd
keoao" Tyq iska lsis mdmluhla fkd l< yels hhs uu
fkd lsh' tu ksid fuys " rdyq,fhks" fi,a, msKsi
o fndre fkd lsh' rdyq,fhks" fuf,i f;dm iska
yslah hq;= h'
- wn,ld rdyqf,dajdo iQ;% h
fn!oaO <uhd

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From :Dhammapada V 44 & V 45

FIVE HUNDRED MONKS

ADVICED BY THE BUDDHA

Compiled by
Srima Warusawithana
Five Hundred monks, they journeyed on with the Buddha taking the lead,
To a village far beyond; then back to the monastery
Gifted by Anathapindika Feeder of the poor;
Weary, they rested awhile and later in the Audience Hall
Grouping together each discussed the path they took along the way;
Some spoke about the nature of the road, hilly, level and such like,
Others about the sandy or clayey soil, red or black;
Each according to the manner in which they saw the landscape:
The Buddha approaching the monks realizing what their conversation was
about,
Superficial and external it all seemed to be, uttered thus:
It is well O monks to think of your own body which is impermanent,
subject to decay,
Better by far that you should concentrate on this with mental exercise and
poise;
For he that comprehends this world of men and gods,
And is well taught in the Dhamma, is like one who is skilled picks a
flower
To make a beautiful garland.

fn!oaO <uhd

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