C.Z.U. 347.27 (043.

3)

12.00.03
( )

,
,

, 2013

ACADEMIA DE TIINE A MOLDOVEI

INSTITUTUL DE CERCETRI JURIDICE I POLITICE

Cu titlu de manuscris:
C.Z.U. 347.27 (043.3)

SANDUL OLESEA

REGLEMENTAREA JURIDIC
A CREDITELOR IPOTECARE
N REPUBLICA MOLDOVA

SPECIALITATEA: 12.00.03. DREPT PRIVAT (DREPT CIVIL)

Teza de doctor n drept

Conductor tiinific:

Ignatiev Vasilii,
Doctor n drept,
confereniar universitar

Autor:

CHIINU, 2013
2

 C O, 2013

 .......................................................................................................................... 5
................................................................ 8
............................................................................................................................... 9
I.
. ................................... 17
1.1. . ............................................................. 17
1.2.

. ....................................................................................... 32
1.3. I. ............................................................................. 40
II.
. .............................................. 42
2.1. -
- . ..................................................................................... 42
2.2. . . ............................................................................................................................................ 48
2.3. . ............................................................ 85
2.4. . ........................................ 103
2.5. II ......................................................................... 116
III.

.................................. 121
3.1.
. .......................................................................................................................... 121
3.2.
. ..................................................................................................... 128
3.3. III ......................................................................... 136
.................................................................... 140
. ............................................................................................................. 143
1 -
.......................................................................................................................................................... 154
2 ............................................................................ 170
......................... 177
CV-ulAUTORULUI .....177


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5

ADNOTARE
Olesea Sandul, Reglementarea juridic a creditelor ipotecare n Republica Moldova, Tez de
doctor n drept , Chiinu, 2013
Structura tezei: Introducere, trei capitole, concluzii i recomandri, bibliografie, 2 anexe, 142
de pagini de text tiinific. Recomandrile i concluziile au fost publicate n 9 lucrri tiinifice.
Cuvinte-cheie: ipotec, credit ipotecar, gaj, debitor, creditor, datornic, banc, reglementare
juridic, risc, anderriting-ul datornicului etc.
Domeniul de cercetare al acestei lucrri snt cercetrile tiinifice ale reglementrii juridice
a creditului ipotecar prin intermediul analizei acestei probleme prin prisma concepiilor tiinifice i
practice.
Scopul i obiectivele acestei cercetri constau n analiza juridic a reglementrii juridicostatale a creditrii ipotecare, evidenierea lacunelor n limitele reglementrii juridice a ipotecii,
determinarea perspectivelor de dezvoltare a acestui institut, perfecionarea bazei legislative n
domeniu.
Noutatea i originalitatea tiinific a tezei de doctorat const n faptul c ea este una din
primele ncercri de cercetare monografic complex a reglementrii juridico-statale a creditrii
ipotecare, a naturii juridice a dreptului real i obligatoriu al contractului de credit ipotecar i al
contractului ipotecar, al esenei juridice a responsabilitii pentru neexecutarea obligaiei bneti, al
noutii tiinifice de intrare n raporturi juridice ipotecare prin intermediul ofertei i acceptului prin
ncheierea unui contract ca o form de nelegere privind creditarea, importana juridic de ntocmire
a obligaiei ipotecare. Un aspect important al tezei de doctorat este i efectuarea unei analize
complexe a creditrii ipotecare n rile strine i n Republica Moldova. Lucrarea este executat din
mbinarea dogmelor, opiniilor tiinifice i teoretice. Am fcut concluzii teoretice i practice, am
propus modificri actuale n legieslaia n vigoare a Republicii Moldova pentru perfecionarea
creditrii ipotecare i dezvoltarea ei, am cercetat problemele, precum i perspectivele de dezvoltare a
creditrii ipotecare n Republica Moldova, am determinat scopurile cercetrii tiinifice de viitor i
necesitatea dezvoltrii unei creditri secundare n Republica Moldova prin intermediul crerii unei
piee ipotecare a hrtiilor de valoare, am concretizat sensul terminului ipoteca, am demonstrate
beneficiile ncheierei contractului de credit prin intermediul acordrii privind creditarea ofertaccept, am eficiena circulaiei hrtiilor de gaj, am propus modaliti de a proteja drepturile
acionarilor cu participarea la capital in construcia de locuin i am justificat eficien dezvoltrii
instituiei de gaj n virtutea legii.
Problema tiinific important soluionat n domeniul respectiv const in faptul, c
aspectele metodice i recomandrile dezvoltate n lucrarea prezent snt corespunztoare pentru a
fi premise organelor puterii de stat al RM Parlamentului, Guvernului, Bncii de stat pentru
adoptarea actelor juridice i formularea unor programe adecvate de dezvoltarea creditrii ipotecare
n RM n viitor, cu scopul formrii unei baze legale pentru instituirea i funcionarea pieei
ipotecare a hrtiilor valoare n RM.
Semnificaia teoretic a lucrrii este determinat de concluziile i propunerile naintate pentru
susinere, care pot fi utilizate n procesul de perfecionare a legislaiei Republicii Moldova din
domeniul creditrii ipotecare.
Valoarea aplicativ a tezei de cercetare. Rezultatele cercetrilor tiinifice bazat pe analiza
cercetrilor att naionali avnd n vedere msurile practice, vor adduce modificri n domeniul
juridic existent n sfera creditrii ipotecare. nregistrrile i recomandrile fcute pot servi ca baz
pentru elabolarea proectelor de legi i altor acte normative-juridice n sfera creditrii ipotecare i
dezvoltarea n continuaree a institului dat.
Implementarea rezultatelor tiinifice. Concluziile, propunerile i recomandrile, ce se
conin n aceast lucrare, pot fi utilizate n scopul perfecionrii legislaiei n vigoare din Republica
Moldova, aplicrii lor practice, precum i n procesele tiinifice i de instruire.
6

ANNOTATION
Sandul Olesya Legal regulation of mortgage lending in Republic of Moldova. The
dissertation on competition of a scientific degree of the Doctor of Law, Chisinau, 2013
Structure of thesis: introduction, 3 chapters, conclusions and recommendations, a
bibliography with 178 sources, 2 annexes, 142 pages basic texts. The obtained positions and
conclusions have been published in 9 scientific works.
Key words: a mortgage, mortgage lending, pledge, the credit, the mortgage contract, the credit
contract, the creditor, the debtor, legal regulation, risks etc.
The area of studying of the present work is devoted questions of scientific research of legal
regulation of mortgage lending, by means of this point in question analysis through a prism of
theoretical and practical views.
The purpose and problems of the present research consist in legal analysis of state-legal
regulation of mortgage lending, revealing of lacks and problems in planes of legal regulation of a
mortgage, definition of prospects of development of this institute, revealing of the basic directions
of work on perfection of corresponding legislative base.
Novelty and scientific uniqueness of the thesis is that it represents one of the first attempts of
complex monographic research of legal regulation of mortgage lending. Work is performed in a cut
of a close interlacing of scientific theoretical dogmas and views with the practical purposes and
tasks. Theoretical and practical conclusions are drawn, concrete changes in RM current legislation
for improvement of mortgage lending are offered today and its further development, problems, and
also prospects of development of mortgage lending in the Republic of Moldova, definite purposes of
further scientific research of possibility of development of secondary mortgage lending in the form
of creation of the market of mortgage securities are studied, the concept "mortgage" is specified,
advantage of the conclusion of the credit agreement by the agreement "offer acceptance" is proved
and its optimum form is developed, efficiency of the circulation of the mortgage is proved, ways of
protection of the rights of shareholders are offered at individual share in construction of housing and
efficiency of development of institute of pledge owing to "law" is proved.
The solution of a scientific problem consists that methodical provisions and the
recommendations developed in this work is defined expedient to present to RM public authorities
to Parliament, to the Government, National bank for adoption of the relevant normative legal acts
and recommendations, and also development of appropriate programs of development of mortgage
lending in RM on long-term prospect, for the purpose of formation of legal base for creation and
functioning of the market of mortgage securities in RM.
The theoretical importance of work is defined by conclusions and the positions which are
taken out on protection which can be used in the course of perfection of the legislation of republic
Moldova in the field of mortgage lending.
Practical value of dissertation research. Results of the conducted scientific researches based
on the analysis of doctrines both national, and the international researchers taking into account
practical indicators will introduce changes in an existing legal framework in the field of bank
crediting. The made inputs and recommendations have to form a basis for development of the
corresponding drafts of laws and other normative legal acts in the field of mortgage lending and
further improvement of this institute.
Implementing of scientific research - conclusions, offers and the recommendations
containing in given work, can be used for perfection of the current legislation of republic Moldova,
its practical application, and also in scientific and educational process.



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de

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inclusiv

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177

CV-ul AUTORULUI
1. Numele de familie- Sandul, prenumele- Olesea
2. Anul, luna i ziua nateri 05.04.1979
3. Locul naterii- s. Kociubeevskoe, r-ul Kociubeevskii (Rusia).
4. Naionalitatea - moldovanc
5. Cetenia R. Moldova
6. Studii - superioar
Denumirea
instituiei
nvmnt
adresa

Facultatea (secia)

de
i

Universitarea
Internaional

Anul
Anul
admiter absolii
virii
sau
abando
nrii

Liber Drept internaional

din

1995

La ce an
de studii
ai
abandonat
instituia
de
nvmn
t

Specialitatea
dup
absolvirea
instituiei
de nvmnt
diploma nr

2000

Drept internaional
diplom de licen

Moldova
Or.

adeverina nr

Seria

Chiinu,

str.

V.

AL

0025193

Prclab 52
Universitarea

Liber Masterat, drept civil

Internaional

2003

2004

din

Drept civil
diplom

de

Moldova

magistru

Seria

Or. Chiinu, str.

V. Prclab 52

AM 003486

Academia de Stiine a Institutul de Istorie, 2004

Moldovei

2008

Stat i Drept,

Or. Chiinu Bd. tefan Specialitatea: drept

cel Mare 1
privat (dreptul civil)
7. Limbi strine rus, englez
8. Lucrul prestat de la nceputul activitii de munca
Luna i anul
Intrrii n
demisiei
funcie

Funcia (indicai instituia,

organizaia,
ntreprinderea,
ministerul (departamentul)

Adresa
organizaiei,
ntreprinderii

01/08/95

29/09/95

Secretarul al instan juridic

11/09/95

14/06/00

Universitarea Liber Internaional din Or. Chisinu, str. V. Prclab

Moldova (educaie)

(or. Slobozia), str. Lenina

52
178

11/11/99

01/03/00

12/10/00

Jurist al uzina industrial metalurjic

Or. Rbnia, str. Industrial 1.

Jurist al banca comercial pe aciuni Or.

Tiraspol,

str.

25

Ipotechnii
Octombrie 103 b
Jurist al societatea pe aciuni Bucetul Or. Dubsari, str. Sverdlova
Moldovei
9. Lucrri tiinifice:

109

- Sandul O. , Legea si
viata, hisinau, Dinamo- M.A.2008, nr. 6, p. 51-55.
- Sandul O.
, Legea si viata, hisinau, Dinamo- M.A.2008, nr. 11, p. 49-54.
- Sandul O.
, Legea si viata, hisinau, Cetatea de Sus 2011, nr. 6, p. 51-56.
- Sandul O. , Legea si viata, hisinau,
Cetatea de Sus 2011, nr. 10, p. 49-54.
- Sandul O.
, Legea si viata, hisinau, Cetatea de Sus 2012, nr. 1, p.47-52.
- Sandul O.
(). : Revista nationala de drept, 2013, 8, . 57-61,
0,3 ..
10. Domeniile de interes stiinific - drept civil.
11. Participri la foruri stiinifice naionale i internaionale:
- Sandul O. . . Conferina tiinificopractic internaional pe tema:
, 7 , Odessa: 2006, 91 p., p. 38-44.
- Sandul O.
. Conferina tiinifico-practic internaional pe tema
, , , 7
, Odessa, 2006, 88 p., p. 45-49.
- Sandul O. . Conferina
tiinifico-practic internaional pe tema: , ,
, 2008. 9 , Odessa
2008, 90 p., p. 8-13.
12. Domiciliat (adresa): str. Lenina 33, or. Slobozia, r-ul Slobozia, tel (557) 2-45-11.
179