9.

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. , .
1. .

F .
s , ( F s ).

F s F s .
F , , , A = F s .
, F ( F s ), ( F const ). . Ox ,
.
a b ( a < b ) . [a; b]
, . F = F (x ) . ,
r
r
r
F = F i = F (x )i , s = (b a )i , s = b a .

F (x ) .
,
.
1. s = [a; b] n -

. A ,
[xk 1; xk ] Ak ,
n

A = Ak .
k =1

[xk 1 ; xk ] , F const .

2. [xk 1 ; xk ] k F (x ) k .
3. ,
, F (x )

k : Fk = F ( k ) . -

[xk 1 ; xk ]

Ak Fk xk = F ( k )xk .
F ,
s =ba,
n

A An = F ( k )xk .
k =1

An , [a; b] F (x ) .
4. An = max{xk } 0
[a ;b ]

F (x )
a
b:
n

k =1

A = lim F ( k )xk = F (x )dx .

0

xk : a = x0 < x1 < x2 < ... < xn = b , xk = xk xk 1 , k = 1, n ,

k - . ,

2. .
t
N (t ) . ,
t = [a; b] .

198

199

 , N
A = Nt .

.
1. [a; b] n -

[xk 1 ; xk ] , k = 1, n . t k = t k t k 1 , k = 1, n .
2. xk : t k 1 k t k .
3.
N ( k ) .
n

A An = N ( k )t k .
k =1

4. N (t )
= max{xk } 0 ,
[a ;b ]

A = N (t )dt .
a

3. .
, , , ,
,
a b (.1.). .

.1.

h , P , , h , ..
P = ghS ,
2
g = 9,8 / ; S .
,
.
, .
, .1.
AB y = f (x ) , f (x )
[a; b] .

.
1. [a; b] n [xk 1 ; xk ]

a = x0 < x1 < x2 < ... < xn = b .

xk = xk xk 1 , k = 1, n . x0 ,
x1 , , xn , Oy ,
n .
2. k [xk 1 ; xk ] , k = 1, n . S k
S k f ( k )xk .
3. , h = k ,
:
Pk g k f ( k )xk .
Pk , k = 1, n ,

200

201

 :
n

Pn g k f ( k )xk .
k =1

,
[xk 1 ; xk ] .
4. P Pn = max{xk } 0 :
[a ;b ]

P = lim g k f ( k )xk .
0

k =1

Pn xf ( x ) [a; b]
b

P = g xf (x )dx .
a

A1 B1 B2 A2
(.2), x = a , x = b
y = y1 (x ) , y = y 2 (x ) ,

4. ,
.
. Oxy .
1. A(x; y ) , m , Ox ( Oy ) ,
Ox (
Oy ):
M x = my ( M y = mx ).
2. A(x; y ) m ,
Ox ( Oy , O ) ,

Ox ( Oy , O ):

A1 (x1 ; y1 ) , A2 (x2 ; y 2 ) ,
, An (xn ; yn ) , m1 , m2 , , mn ,
:

k =1

k =1

M x = mk y k , M y = mk y k ,

P = g x( y 2 y1 )dx .

I x = my 2 , I y = mx 2 , I 0 = I x + I y = m x 2 + y 2 .

:
n

k =1

k =1

k =1

I x = mk y k2 , I y = mk xk2 , I 0 = I x + I y = xk2 + y k2 mk .
3.
, ,
n

M = mk , k =1

.
, C ( xC ; yC ) , :

.2.
202

203

M x = mk y k = MyC ,

M y = mk xk = MxC .

k =1

k =1

, :
n

xC =

My
M

mk x k
k =1
n

mk

M
, yC = x =
M

k =1

mk yk
k =1
n

mk

k =1

,

. ()
, = const ().
= 1 , () ( ). M x , M y , I x , I y , I 0 ,
xC , yC ()
n , [a; b] Ox ,
l
D . Pk , k = 1, n , mk k - () Pk .
() , k -
lmk = lk , lk k - . k -
D mk = Sk , S k k -
D .
l ( D )
Pk , k = 1, n ,
mk . M x , M y , M , I x , I y , I 0 , xC , yC

= max{xk } 0 . , [a;b ]

,
()
,
0 .
,
. AB l y = f (x ) , x [a; b] . AB = const .

.
1. [a; b] n
xk :
a = x0 < x1 < ... < xn 1 < xn = b .
xk = xk xk 1 . -

[xk 1 ; xk ] k , k = 1, n .
xk
Oy (. 3).

.3.

Pk .

AB
lk mk = lk . k [xk 1 ; xk ]
Pk ( k ; f ( k )) .
2. lk -

204

205

 Pk ( k ; f ( k )) mk = lk , k = 1, n .
3. AB , n
Pk ( k ; f ( k )) , k = 1, n . M AB ,
M x , M y , I x , I y , I 0
:
n

k =1
n

k =1

k =1

M lk , M x f ( k )lk , M y k lk ,
n

I x f 2 ( k )lk , I y k lk , I 0 = I x + I y ,
k =1

k =1

lk = 1 + ( f ( k )) xk ,
2

My

Mx
.
M
M
4. = max{xk } 0 , xC

, yC

.
aABb , y = f (x ) 0 , x [a; b] , Ox
x = a , x = b . = const M . M = S , S
.
M x , M y ,
I x , I y , I 0 xC , yC
.
1. [a; b] n
a = x0 < x1 < ... < xn = b .
xk = xk xk 1 .
1
2. k = (xk 1 + xk ) . xk
2
, Oy (.4).

[a;b ]

:
b

M = 1 + ( y ) dx ,
2

a
b

M x = y 1 + ( y ) dx , M y = x 1 + ( y ) dx
2

a
b

.4.

a
b

I x = y 2 1 + ( y ) dx , I y = x 2 1 + ( y ) dx , I 0 = I x + I y ,
2

My

Mx
.
M
M
( = (x ) ) AB .
,
. , , xC =

, yC =

206

. k -
xk
f ( k ) : S k f ( k )xk , mk = S k .
3.
1

Pk k ; f ( k ) , .. 2

xk , f ( k ) .
aABb

207


1
, n Pk k ; f ( k ) ,
2

k = 1, n . , M x , M y , -

I x , I y , I 0
:
n

M f ( k )xk ,
k =1

n
1 n
M x f 2 ( k )xk , M y = k f ( k )xk ,
2 k =1
k =1

Ix

n
1 n
f 3 ( k )xk , I y = 2 f ( k )xk , I 0 = I x + I y ,

2 k =1
k =1
My
M
xC
, yC x .
M
M

4. = max{xk } 0 ( 0
[a ;b ]

k x ; k y ), :
b

M = ydx ,
a
b

Mx =

1
y 2 dx , M y = xydx ,

2a
a

Ix =

1
y 3 dx , I y = x 2 ydx , I 0 = I x + I y ,

2a
a
My

Mx
.
M
M
. , ,
, ,
. D
, . ()

xC =

, yC =

208

D1 , D2 , , Dn , S1 , S 2 , , S n .
D
:
n

xC =

( S k )xC
k =1

( S k )

, yC =

k =1

( S k )yC
k =1

( S k )

k =1

xCk yCk Dk ; S k Dk , k = 1, n .
+, Dk D , ,
Dk D , .. Dk .

: ,
, ,
.

1. ?
2. .
3. .
4. ?
5. . ?
6. ,
?

209