STUDIA ARCHAEOLOGICA UNIVERSITATIS SERDICENSIS

Supplementum IV (2005)
Stephanos Archaeologicos in honorem Professoris Ludmili Getov
_____________________

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(.) 1986, 169176.
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Dacia . 40, 12, 1331.
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360.
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85-. . , 8998.
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DIOSPOLIS IN THRACIA
IVAYLO LOZANOV
(s ummary)
In August 2004 a new inscription, containing the
name of the Late Roman and Early Byzantine city Diospolis was found (g. 1). It is located some 2 km to the north
from the road-station Ranilum along the Roman Via Militaris, where an important branch to Diocletianopolis in northwestern direction takes its way (map 1). The inscription is
the rst epigraphic document, testifying some of the three
newly established cities in the province of Thracia after the
administrative reforms made by the emperor Diocletian
(284305 A.D.).
The author made a critical review over the state of the
extant sources, concerning these cities with major respect
to the possible location of Diospolis. Several locations current so far are refuted, due to serious inconsistencies. It was
argued, that neither Kabyle, nor any other site discussed so
far could be reasonably identied with Diospolis. The inscription suggests that an urban centre is to be looked for
within the region of the Chirpan Heights. The fortied site
near Rupkite, known so far as the road-station (mutatio) and
castle Carassura is situated at acceptable distance (25 km to
the east). All the more, the structure matches both archaeo-

logical and written evidence to be specied as a city within

the terms of the Late Roman and Early Byzantine practice.
There is also indirect evidence for the establishment of a
new urban centre around the road-station Carassura in the
end of the IIId century A.D. A few mile-stones (miliaria),
dated to 293305 A.D., bore record for some repairs along
the track Beroe Philippopolis. They reckon new distance
in 12 (in one case 11) miles, which certainly does not correspond with those 18 miles between Beroe Carassura
described in the contemporary Itineraria. The reckoning
could be explained reasonably with the establishment of a
new caput viae (i.e. new city), taking over the responsibility
for road-installations to the west towards Philippopolis. The
next road-station in this direction is mansio Cillae, lying exactly at 12 miles from Carassura. Having in mind the location of the inscription near Ranilum, it is obvious that the
last two stations were in the new territory of Diospolis.
The archaeological evidence gives some idea of the
most important urban features of the new city. Until the
mid Vth century AD it was an administrative and military
unit. The complex enveloped a fortied hill (Kayryaka), the

467

road-station within and store-houses (possibly protected by

an embankment) at the opposite hill (Kaleto). Just about the
second half of the Vth century it becomes bishop`s residence. Protected area was extended over 3 ha, enclosing the
two hills within a uniform stone-fortication. A bishop`s
basilica was erected as a central feature of the urban layout. There is an inscription, suggesting some administrative activities by special commissioner (defensor civitatis,
V) from Philippopolis at the end of Justinian`s reign
(565 A.D.).
The author proposes a tentative reading for the preserved part of the text as B[] or B[q][],

468

which implies agricultural land within city`s territory. Perhaps, there have been also private estates, owned by city
councilors. Such estates are evidenced in the region in the
Roman period.
The arguments listed above, suggest identity between
the city of Diospolis and the archaeological remains, known
so far as Carassura. An attempt was made to trace the main
peculiarities in the development of the urban centre from the
end of the IIId till the beginning of the VIIth centuries A.D.
As result new information for historical and administrative
geography of Thracia in Late Antiquity was obtained.