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The New Breed of Women

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impact in womens lives. Nevertheless, men were still the breadwinners of the house, and women were still caretakers of the family. In the economy of the 1920s, women did not receive equal pay to men, even with the advent of the 19th Amendment. The feminists movement was still alive at this time, offering and pushing for reform in their enactment of the Sheppard Tower Act in 1921. The act provided federal aid for women, such as maternal care and health care for their infants. Although the women received the right to vote, many of them still continued to fight for womens inclusion in government and other consumer legislation that might benefit them and their families.

The 19th Amendment Flappers

Inside Scoop:

The Harlem Renaissance

The 19th Amendment Is Passed!

Flappers In rebellion:

New Breed of Women They were smart and sophisticated, with an air of independence about them, and so casual about their looks and clothes and manners as to be almost slapdash. I don't know if I realized as soon as I began seeing them that they represented the wave of the future, but I do know I was drawn to them. I shared their restlessness, understood their determination to free themselves of the Victorian shackles, said Colleen Moore. The new age of women came into being. Short hair and flat chests was all the rage. Women who challenged Victorian morality were called Flappers, like newly born birds flapping their wings for freedom. These women, had a new mind altogether! said a young White man, They

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The right to vote was long fought for, starting in 1848 with the Seneca Falls Convention. A woman named Elizabeth Cady Stanton read her Declaration of Sentiments, which listed the many grievances women hadespecially the right to vote. Eventually, women won the right to vote in 1920, which included African Americans as well; however, the amendment did nothing to improve womens conditions, and had little

smoked cigarettes and drank alcohol like there was no tomorrow! Indeed, these women shocked their elders with their new dress and their new personalities. The exposed more than half their legs, and talked of sex more frequently.

The movement included new modes of African American self expression across urban areas like the Northeast and Midwest, most popular being Harlem. The movement focused on African American emotion, and the celebration of black dignity, pride, and creativity. Langston Hughes, a poet, novelist, and playwright, exposed the culture of his people, as well as reflect their suffering and laughter in his writings. Music genres such as the blues and jazz were also created in this time period, echoing the many aspirations and emotions of the African Americans. Music was played in clubs like the Cotton Club. For the first time in a long time, many African Americans were able to express themselves in an impactful way. As Langston Hughes put it, Negroes - Sweet and docile, Meek, humble, and kind: Beware the day - They change their mind."

By Harris and Ewing

The Harlem Renaissance:

The New Negroe Movement

Violation Of Civil Liberties During the 1920s

In the years following World War I, America was gripped by the fear that the Communist Revolution that had taken place in Russia would spread to the United States. During the 1920s a widespread problem called the Red Scare brought about There were numerous laws that were passed during the 1920s that simply violated civil liberties of people such as the Espionage Act which outlawed any attempt to interfere with the military during wartime or support the enemy. It also forbid attempts to interfere with recruitment. The act allowed the Postmaster General to seize and read mail. Opponents argued this stifled free speech. Woodrow Wilson and the courts disagreed. as well as the Sedition Act, Acts that the US Congress use to cover a broader range of offenses, speech and the expression of opinion that cast the government or the war effort in a negative way or interfered with the sale of government bonds. , During this time of November 1919 and January 1920,there were also the notoriously known Palmer Raids where Attorney General Mitchell Palmer began rounding up and deporting socalled radicals. Thousands of people were arrested without warrants and without regard to constitutional protections against unlawful search and seizure.

Those arrested were brutally treated and held in horrible conditions. Luckily In the face of these civil liberties abuses, a small group of people decided to take a stand, and thus was born the American Civil Liberties Union. The ACLU has evolved in the years since from this small group of idealists into the nations premier defender of the rights enshrined in the U.S. Constitution. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is a nonpartisan non-profit organization whose stated mission is "to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to every person in this country by the Constitution and laws of the United States.(ACLU.org). One of the ACLUs earliest battles was the Scopes Trial of 1925. When the state of Tennessee passed a law banning the teaching of evolution, the ACLU recruited biology teacher John T. Scopes to challenge the law by teaching the banned subject in his class. When Scopes was eventually prosecuted, the ACLU partnered with celebrated attorney Clarence Darrow to defend him. Although Scopes was found guilty (the verdict was later overturned because of a sentencing error), the trial made national headlines and helped persuade the public on the importance of academic freedom. Other laws that violated civil liberties during the 1920s were the Immigration Quota Act which Limited the number of immigrants from any country to 3% of those already in the US from that country as per the 1910 census and so an unintended consequence of the 1920s legislation was an increase in illegal immigration. Many Europeans who did not fall under the quotas migrated to Canada or Mexico, which were not subject to national-origin quotas subsequently they slipped into the United States illegally.

Laissez-faire Economics In the 1920s

Laissez-faire economics is when government involvement on big businesses is completely gone and big companies are allowed to do as they please. In the 1920s After Herbert Hoover was responsible to allowing this to start up again. It was a traditional policy was instilled in American and President Theodore Roosevelt passed laws to regulate trusts and prevent monopolies that momentarily regulated that before. He passed the Square Deal to eliminate bad trusts and prevent monopolies to happen but soon after Woodrow came the man known as Herbert Hoover and allowed Laissez-faire capitalism in America. This was a terrible thing for America because big business are what ran America and all this did was allow them to exploit there workers and get away with it since the government was to not intervene with business affairs. Many people disliked Hoover because this ended up being one of the reasons that ended up leading America to the Great Depression. The government just watched the economy collapse right in front

of them and they didnt do anything but just watch. Laissez-faire is French meaning, Leave it alone or Let it be. Small companies went down the drain since they could not do much against big businesses. The Roaring 20s was a very good time in America because everyone was prospering at the beginning of the 1920s and was also considered the Worlds Highest Standard of Living but Hoover came into office and didnt left this continue for long because the Great Depression came to be in 1929 after he allowed businesses do whatever they wanted and then stock market crash made matters worse in the country of America. After the great Depression, Hoover did little to nothing to try to fix things in the country. He simply said that things would get better which was unjust. The country had to wait for Franklin Roosevelt for their solution.

18th and 19th Amendment

answer. The 21st amendment later repealed prohibition in 1933. Alcohol was really popular and brought in lots of revenue for the United States so why would we want to put a ban on it? Many, especially women felt it was affecting society for the worse and it needed to be fixed and it seemed the only way was to make it illegal. Now that alcohol was illegal, it became almost impossible to obtain it, and only the very rich were able to get their hands on it, making alcohol a luxury. Since the prohibition, you have a huge increase in crimes, and jail inmates, smuggling, and illegal production. We also had infamous individuals such as Al Capone who made a living of the smuggling of alcohol. For Americans, alcohol was an escape of problems or a beverage to have fun with, and although most women and those who opposed alcohol got their point out there, prohibition was not the answer. The 21st amendment later repealed prohibition in 1933. The 19th Amendment was an amendment that prohibited the denial of the right to voted based on the sex of a citizen, essentially giving women the right to vote. This amendment was considered a breakthrough for women because they have been fighting for this right since colonial times. The amendment was then finally ratified in August of 1920. With the new amendment many men feared that women had an upper hand and would be encouraged to pursue a more political role. The SheppardTowner Act was also put in place to benefit women. The Shepard-Towner Act help provide money for maternity and child care.

The 18th Amendment was a prohibition of alcohol in the United States. Its main purpose was to make the manufacture, selling and transport of alcohol illegal. The government tried addressing the alcoholic problem of citizens by putting a ban on alcohol, but did it really benefit the country? The amendment was ratified in January 1919, 46 states ratified it while 2, Connecticut and Rhode Island rejected the amendment; the amendment was put in effect a year later in January of 1920. Alcohol was really popular and brought in lots of revenue for the United States so why would we want to put a ban on it? Many, especially women felt it was affecting society for the worse and it needed to be fixed and it seemed the only way was to make it illegal. Now that alcohol was illegal, it became almost impossible to obtain it, and only the very rich were able to get their hands on it, making alcohol a luxury. Since the prohibition, you have a huge increase in crimes, and jail inmates, smuggling, and illegal production. We also had infamous individuals such as Al Capone who made a living of the smuggling of alcohol. For Americans, alcohol was an escape of problems or a beverage to have fun with, and although most women and those who opposed alcohol got their point out there, prohibition was not the