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Excretory
System

Urologists:
Dr. Lina

Dr. Silvia

Dr. Stephanie

Dr. Oscar
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Main functions of the System

§ Eliminates Non-solid wastes from the body.

a)Urine
b)Sweat
c)Exhalation
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Chart
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Kidneys
n Kidneys = Main organs of the excretory system
>removes wastes from blood, maintain electrolyte,
release hormones.

n Blood is send to the kidneys to be cleaned and then is

returned to circulatory system. Blood enters kidney
through Renal artery & exits through Renal vein.

n The main parts of the kidneys are Nephrons, cortex

(outside layer), medulla, (inner layer) renal artery
(blood enters), renal vein (blood exits), (to bladder)
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n
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*Nephrons*

n Nephrons-An individual filtering Unit of the kidney. Cleans

blood and produces Urine. ( Each filtering unit contains
1,000 nephrons).

n Located on the outside layer of the kidney ( Cortex)

n Bowman’s Capsule & Glomerulus Both push out wastes, only

1% is released as urine, the other 99% is sent back to the
blood & is used as nutrients.

n Hoop of Hentle(water is processed one more time to reduce

Volume of urine.
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Skin
n Most important organ because it protects all the organs in
the body.
n Main 3 layers: Epidermis-(outer most layer of the
skin)Dermis-(Contains Glands and produces elastin &
collagen) Subcutaneous fat-(Protects blood vessels and
neurons)
n Kelatin-(waterproof protein )gives hair and nails ability to
grow of the body but maintain shape.
n Melanin- absorbs Ultraviolet rays.
n Oil Glands in the skin help stop bacteria.
n Fat Cells-Protects blood vessels
n Sweat Glands- control body temperature, prevents harm
movement ,keep skin waterproof.
n
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Because of..>>:

A.
B.Presence of too much glucose in the blood(diabetes)
C.High blood pressure

n Capillary walls can be damaged and made more porous

n Nephrons lose their ability to filter the blood

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n
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Treatments

n Dialysis-
1.Cleans wastes in the blood through a machine
2.Returns blood to the patients body when process
is done
3.Process takes 3-5 hours and has to be done 3
times a week.
n Kidney transplant:
1.Has to be given from a relative because tissues
are more alike
n Restrictions :

1.cant do any heavy sports,

2.can be easily bruised or infected if injured.
1.