5

Nastran Frequency Response

, Fgpc , -
, & , &&

{P()}eit = P()cost + iP()sin t , eit = cos t + sin t

{x} = {U()}eit
{x&} = i{U()}eit ;{&&x} = 2 {U()}eit
&& + Bx& + Kx = P e it :
Mx

[ M + iB + K]{U()} = {P()}
2

B P() ,
.
Damping in Direct Frequency Response
1) [B] 2) [K]
1) B = B + B
B1 - (CVISC, CDAMPi)
2GG
B 2 - 2 transfer functions
2) K = (1 + iG )[ K] + i G E [ K E ]
[K] -
G - ( PARAM, G)
K E -
G E - , i
: 1. . - - Nastran .
2. - , iK - .
1

[ ]

 frequency Response .. .
Transient Response ik => B .. .
5.2
Modal Frequency Response (MFR)
1) , MFR .
2) MFR .
:

{x} = [ ]{( )}e it

\
(5-8)

, ( ) => .
1) :

2 [ M ]{x} + [ K]{x} = {P ( )}

(5-9)

=>

[ M ][ ]{ ( )} + [ K][ ]{( )} = {P( )}

2

(5-8)

=>

(5-10)

T
, [ ] :

2 [ ]T [ M ][ ]{( )} + [ ] T [ K][ ]{ ( )} = [ ] T {P ( )}

(5-11)

[ ] [ M ][ ] - ()
[ ]T [ K][ ] - ()
T

[]T {P}

-
- .
(5-11) :

2 mii( ) + kii( ) = pi( )

( ) ,
mi - i-th modal mass
ki - i-th modal stiffhess
pi - i-th modal force
i()
:

{x} = [ ]{( )}e it = [ ]{( )}(cos t + i sin t )

it

{P ( )}e
- ( .. t=0 =>
sint=0 => P()*i*sint=0, 0 , =0.
{X} - .. ()- .
{} - , i ( .. ) i (.. , i- ) () .
2

.. =>
- - .
{} ( ) , ..
.( Case Control)
Damping in Modal Frequency Response
, :

[ ]T [ B][] diagonal
(PARAM,G G E ),

[ ] T [ K ][ ] 0 ,
[ K ] = (1 + iG )[ K ] + i G E [ K E ]
:

[ 2 [ ]T [ M ][ ] + i[ ]T [ B][ ] + [ ]T [ K][ ]]{( )} = [ ]T {P( )}

DOF
Direct
Frequency Response .
i
(
i=2*mi*i i,

i=

bi Gi
=
b cr
2

. )
:

2 mii( ) + ibii( ) + ki( ) = pi( )

.
C:
Raram, KDAMP,1 (default)
1) KDAMP = -1, () ( ). :

2 mii( ) + (1 + iG ( )) kii( ) = pi( )

2) : :

k
1 2
;f =
;T = =
m
2
f

i =

b
b
Gi
=
=
b cp 2 m
2

bi =

Gi
2 m = Gim = 2 fiGimi
2
3

ki = i 2 mi = 4 2 fi 2 mi
bi = Gimii (1)
..

k
ki
=> mi = 2
m
i

(2)

(2) (1) :

bi =

Gi
Giki

i
=
ki
i
i 2

i( ) =

pi( )
mi 2 + ibi + ki

Case Control SDAMPING

Bulk Data TABDMP1
TABDMP1,

TID,
f1,

TYPE,
g1,

f2,

g2,

f3,

g3,

...
etc,ENDT

..
fi - Frequency Value( cycles per unit time)
gi - TYPE
TYPE - G CRIT Q
1) G -
i - Nastrana ,
:

i =

ki
mi

bi i

i =

bi
bi
Gi
=
=
b cp 2 mii
2

TYPE=G

bi = Gimii

i =

ki
mi

=>

mi =

ki
i 2

bi = Gimii = Gi

ki
Gi
=
ki

i
2
i
i

TYPE=G, Gi bi

bi =

Gi
ki
i

i - =

i =

ki
mi

2)TYPE=CRIT
i (fraction of
critical damping)
:

b cp = 2 mii 2 kimi
i =
..

ki
mi

i =

bi
2 kimi

bi = i2 kimi

bi = 2 miii

i =

ki
mi

i =
:

- DOF

Gi
2

3) TYPE=Q
5

 Q- , bi

Q=

1
1
=
2i Gi
1b
Q = cr
2 bi

bi =

bi =

b cp
2Q

2 kimi
2Q

kimi
Q

:
Nastrane ( ) :
1)
2) .. TABDMP1
.
( ) CVISC,
CDAMPi, GE MATi, PARAM,G, .
.Mode Truncatation in Modal Frequency
Response)
: .
:
, , 2-3 .
, , 20 2000 z , , 0 4000z.
EIGRL or EIGR.
PARAM,LFREQ PARAM,HFREQ (.. EIGR) PARAM, LMODES (.. EIGR ).
MFR
(Dynamic Data Recovery in Modal Frequency Response Analysis)
Nastrane ( MFR) : 1) 2) 3)
1) Displacement method -
{}=[]{}

6

[ ] = [ D ]([ B]{} { 0 })
()
.
2) Matrix Method - , , :

{i mod e } {i}
{i mod e } = [ D ]([ B]{i} { 0 })

{}

{} = [ ]{}
\

{} = [ 1... i... n]{}

i-
.. .
( )
, Nastrane .
(, ,

= [ D]([ B]{} { 0 })

, .. ).
:
PARAM, DDRMM, -1
3)

Modal Direct
Small model
+
Large Model
+
Few Eci tation Frequencies
+
Many
-' +
High Freq Excitation
( )
+


+

+
, (
).
7

5.4 Frequency- Dependent Excitation Defimtion

: 1) ,
2) .
RLOAD1 - Tabylar input - real and imaqinary
RLOAD2 - ---'---- - maqnitude and phase
DAREA - Generates the spatial distribution of dunamic loads from
static load entries
DLOAD - combines dunamic load sets
TABLEDI -Tabular values versus frequency
DELAY - Time delay
DPMASE - Phase lead
( . F Bulk Data)
RLOAD1 .

P ( f ) = A[ C( f ) + iD( f )]e i{ 2 f}
RLOAD1, SID, A, , , C, D
SID - Set ID defined by a DLOAD Case Control command or a DLOAD Bulk Data entry.
A - DAREA, -

- delay- DELFY,

- DPHASE,

- TABLEDi, (f)
D
- TABLEDi, D(f)
D -
, !
RLOAD1 RLOAD2 DLOAD, (SIDs)
RLOAD1 2 .
SIDs LOAD1, 2 TABLED1, 2 - .
RLOAD2 - .
RLOAD1 - , LOAD2 .

P ( f ) = AB( f ) e i{ ( f ) + 2 f}
RLOAD1 RLOAD2:
i ( f )

C( f ) + iD ( f ) = B( f ) e

\
\
RLOAD1
RLOAD2
Definition
Definition
RLOAD2, SID, A, , , B,
SID - RLOAD2, DLOAD Case
Control
A - DAREA, ,
,

- DELAY, (
DAREA)

- DPHASE, ( ) ( DAREA)
- TABLEDi,
( )

 - TABLEDi, (t).
DAREA -
DAREA - ,
DAREA, SID, P1, C1, A1, P2, C2, A2
SID - DAREA, RLOADi
Pi - ,
Ci-
Ai -
DAREA SID.
RLOADi
DELAY -
DEIAY, SID, P1, C1, 1, P2, C2, 2
SID- DELAY, RLOADi
Pi - ,
Ci -
i - Pi Ci.
DAREA.
DELAY c SID,
DAREA
RLOADi
DPHASE -
DPHASE, SID, P1, C1, 1, P2, C2, 2
6
, .
( ) ,.. / .
: , , ,
.
: .

.
, . , , . () ( ).
6.1
:

[ M ]{&&u( t )} + [ B]{u& ( t )} + [ K]{u( t )} = {P ( t )}

, , , t.

:

{&u n } =

1
{u n +1 u n 1 }
2 t

{&&u n } =

1
{u n +1 2 u n + u n 1 }
2
t

(: :

{&&u n } =

u& ( n+1 n ) u& ( n n1)

t

u n+1 u n u n u n1

t
=
=
t

1
( u n +1 2 u n + u n 1 ) ).
t 2

, :

M
B
(
2
)
u
u
u

+
+
1
1
n
+
n
n

t 2
2 t ( u n +1 u n 1 ) +
1
K
+ ( u n +1 + u n + u n 1 ) = ( Pn +1 + Pn + Pn 1 )
3
3
:

[ A 1 ]{u n +1 } = [ A 2 ] + [ A 3 ]{u n } + [ A 4 ]{u n 1 }

B
K
M
+
[A 1 ] = 2 +
2 t 3
t
1
[A 2 ] = {Pn +1 + Pn + Pn 1 }
3
2M K
[A 3 ] = 2
3
t
B
K
M
[A 4 ] = 2 +

2 t 3
t
[ A 1 ] .
[A 2 ]

- ( ).
-,
, [K] ,

[ K]{u n } = {Pn }

10

 [M] [B].
[ A 1 ] .
:
- (FBS) . ,

[ A 2 ] [ A 3 ] [ A u ] .
, [M],[B] [K]
, NASTRANE
,,. , t , [ A 1 ] .

(FBS).
t , [ A 1 ] .
.
- , t.

[B] .
:

[ B] = [ B1 ] + [ B 2 ] +

1
G
[ K] +
W3
W4

[K E ]

[ B1 ] - (CVISC, CDAMPi,) + B2GG

[ B2 ] - B2PP ( ) + (TF)
G - (PARAM, G)

W3 - ( , PARAM, W3 )
.
[K] =

G E = (
GE MATi)

W4 = ( , PARAM,
W4 ) .
,
.
.
[B]

[ M ]{&&u( t )} + [ B]{u& ( t )} + [ K]{u( t )} = {P( t )}

(6-6)
,
G [K]
11

[ M ]{&&u( t )} + (1 + iG )[ K]{u( t )} = {P ( t )}

(6-7)
- , , :

Gk = b

(6-8)

b=

Gk

(6-9)

, G
b, ( 6-9) ( . 6-1)

6-1 . (
)
:
PARAM, W3 ,r, r-
. PARAM, G.
W3 = 0.0, .. G
.

W4 , r GE MATi/
W4 =0.0.
W3 W4 .
W3 W4 ,

PARAM,

. , () . , .
, ,

W3

W4 .

.
/ . TIC Bulk Data 12

 . IC Case Control TIC.

TIC . ,
TIC, .

{u 1 },{P0 }

{u 0 }

{u& 0 }

{P1 } , (6-4) {u1} .

{u 1 } = {u 0 } {u& 0 }t
{P1 } = [ K]{u 1 } + [ B]{&u 0 }

t=0 :

{P0 } = [ K ]{u 0 } + [ B]{u& 0 }

! ..
, t=0. .
TIC :
TIC, SID, G, C, U0, V0
SID

IC

Case
Control
G - ,
C -
U0 -
V0 -

. !
.. a-set (. 11).
6.2
.

. , ,
, . , ,
, .
.

{u( t )} = [ ]{( t )}

(6-13)
, . ,
.
, :

[ M ]{&&
u( t )} + [ K]{u( t )} = {P ( t )}

[ M ][ ]{&&( t )} + [ K][ ]{( t )} = {P( t )}

13

[ ]T :

[ ]T [ M ][ ]{&&( t )} + [ ]T [ K][ ]{} = [ ]T {P( t )}

:

[ ]T [ M ][ ] = ()

[ ] T [ K][ ] = ()
[ ]T {P}

=
( , ) . :

mi&&
i( t ) + ki( t ) = Pi( t )
:
mi,ki - i-
pi - i-
:

{u( t )} = [ ]{( t )}

, t - , . , !
MSC/Nastran , ,
, .

.
, , , [ ] [ B][ ] .
:
T

[ A 1 ]{ n +1 } = [ A 2 ] + [ A 3 ]{ n } + [ A 4 ]{ n 1 }
:

B
K
M
+ [ ]
[ A 1 ] = [ ] T 2 +
2 t 3
t
1
[A 2 ] = [ ]T {Pn +1 + Pn + Pn 1 }
3
2M K
[A 3 ] = [ ]T 2 [ ]
3
t
B
K
M
[ A 4 ] = [ ] T 2 +
[ ]
2 t 3
t
14

(6-20)

 , ,
. ,
, ( ), ,
.
"" ..
, "" , i- :

mi&&
i( t ) + bi& i( t ) + kii( t ) = Pi( t )

1
&&
i + 2ii& i + i 2 i =
Pi
Mi
:

bi
2 mii
ki
i 2 =
mi ( )

i =

TABDMP1 . Case Control : SDAMMPING=SetID.

TABDMP1
ID
TYPE
f1
g1
f2
g2
f3
g3
etc
ENDT
..
fi - Frequency Value( cycles per unit time)
gi - TYPE
TYPE - G CRIT Q
1) G -
i - Nastrana ,
:

i =

ki
mi

bi i

i =

bi
bi
Gi
=
=
b cp 2 mii
2

TYPE=G

bi = Gimii

15

i =

ki
mi

=>

mi =

ki
i 2

bi = Gimii = Gi

ki
Gi

i
=
ki
2
i
i

TYPE=G, Gi bi

bi =

Gi
ki
i

i - =

i =

ki
mi

2)TYPE=CRIT
i (fraction of
critical damping)
:

b cp = 2 mii 2 kimi
i =
..

ki
mi

i =

bi
2 kimi

bi = i2 kimi

bi = 2 miii

i =

ki
mi

i =
:

- DOF

Gi
2

3) TYPE=Q
16

 Q- , bi

Q=

1
1
=
2i Gi
1b
Q = cr
2 bi

bi =

bi =

b cp
2Q

2 kimi
2Q

kimi
Q

:
Nastrane ( ) :
1)
2) .. TABDMP1
.
( ) CVISC,
CDAMPi, GE MATi, PARAM,G, .

1
&&
i + 2ii& i + i 2 i =
pi
mi
, .
( ) :

& + b

bt
0

2m 0
2m
( t ) = e ( 0 cos dt +
sin dt ) +
d
t
bt
b

1
+e 2 m
e 2 m p( ) sin d ( t ) d

md 0
, ..
. ..

&

( 0 = = 0) .
(. ).
"" ( "") CVISC, CDAMPi, PARAM, G GE MATi. [B]
.
17


(TABDMP1).
"" ,
.
:
.

7
, /

.
, . ,
.
MSC
, : .
7.1The Large Mass Method in Direct Transient and Direct Frequency Response.
1. ,
.
2. (MSC 10**6 , , 10**6
). . (10**6 -
).
MASSi CONMi (
) CMASS1, EID, PID, G1, 1, G2, 2
EDI -
PID - ( PMASS)
G1, G2 - grid or scalar points
1, 2 - (DOFs) ( 1 - 6 0 )
:
G1, 1 G2, 2 .
, .. , ' ' .
()
DOF ''.
.
CMASS1:
PMASS,PID1, M1, PID2, M2, PID3, M3 ... ..
CMASS2, EID, M, G1, C1, G2, C2.
, CMASS1, .
CMASS3,4 - " " .
CONMi
(General Form) CONM1, EID, G ,CID, M11, M21, M22, M31,..., M66.
18

 G CID .
(Rigid body form) CONM2, EID, G, CID, M, X1, X2, X3, I11, I21, I22, I31, I33
X1, X2, X3 - G CID.

M
..

I11

I21 I22

I31 I32 I33

, FEMAP- , ,
, .
FEMAP CONM2, , , .
, , FEMAP
Large Mass, , .
: Rigid elements.
rigid element DOF, , ,
, '' .
3.
. Direct Frequency Response ,
,
P=mo u = i w mo u =- w*2 mo u
( , u u u).

i

i

RBE2
RBE2
Large
Mass

Large
Mass

Large
Mass

CMASSi
, , ( ).

19

 .. : Large Mass , , .. , .
Direct transient response:
1 5 TLOAD 1,2 : , , .
2 , . 1 , : mo
u , mo u or mou
( u, u, u).
M
, , , , ,
.
, u,
,:
p=ko u
.. ,
, .
, ,..

= 10*6
, .
,
.
, ,

,( .. .(.. ), ),
, .
, .
7.2
.
(in Modal Transient and Modal Frequency Response.)
1,2,3 , 7.1
, , , ,
SUPORT, .
: (
.. EIGR) PARAM,
LFREQ, 0,001( ).
, u, u u , .
(, : , ).

20


, .
'' .
Rigid-body modes DOFs, .
DOFs, , ,
DOFs .
, Rigid
body.
.
.
, 1-2
.
RARAM, LFREQ, r, r
'' .
, .. .
''
.
'' - ,
.

.
1- ( ),
-.

. ,
.

, , '' .
21

2 - - - RBE2 .
- , ,
( ).

(frequency vesponce):

[ K 2 M ]{u} = {P}
{u 3 } , {u} {u C } :

{u}
:

K 33

K C3

K 3C
M 33
2

M
K CC
C3

M 3C u 3 P3
=
M CC u C PC

( , )
:)

{Y3 }

( -

{u 3 } :
[ R 33 ]{u 3 } = {Y3 } ( : {u 3 } = [ R 33 ]{Y33 } )
( Y3 - , [ R 33 ] - )

{u 3 } , P3

[ R 33 ]{q 3 }
{q 3 } - ,
.
:

R 33
0

R 33
K 33
K C3

0
0
0
K 3C 2 0 M 33
0 M C 3
K CC

22

0 q 3 V3

M 3C u 3 = P3
M CC u C PC

(K-4)

{u 3 } , -

{q 3 } {u C } , .
:
1 [K] {P}:

4 3 u 1 10
8 2 u = 16

2
:

4 u 1 + 3u 2 = 10
8u 1 + 2 u 2 = 16
0u 1 + 2 u 2 = 2

<- 2 .

u2 = 1
:

4 u 1 + 3 1 = 10
u1 =

7
4
:

u1 = 4

.. , ( )

[ R 33 ] = [1]
(-4):

Y33

R 33
/

0 1 0 q 3 4
1 4 3 u = 10
1

0 8 2 u 2 16

(*)

u1 = 4

23

q 3 1 + 4 4 + 3u 2 = 10
0 + 8 4 + 2 u 2 = 16
2 u 2 = 16
u 2 = 8
q 3 + 16 24 = 10
q 3 = 18
q 3 = 18
.. (*)
( , )

4 3 u 1 10 18
8 2 u = 16
2

u 1 = 4 u 2 .
,

[ R 33 ]

- ( -) [B] [M]
, .

24