CASE STUDY # 1 AM I REALLY A LEADER Question # 1: Learning about ones self is an essential step in becoming an authentic leader.

What role did self awareness play in Sallys story of leadership?

Self awareness speaks about the own insights of a leader. Basically it is a process by which an individual can understand himself / herself like what sort of potential he / she has, what are his / her key strengths and positive attributes, weaknesses, emotions, key objectives, core values, knowledge, identity and the impact of said value he / she has on the others. In addition of the above, it will show the way to leader who is aware of his personality traits and have trust on these traits. Because then the leaders have the clear sense regarding who they are, what they want, what are their objectives and finally what they are going to stand for? Furthermore because of this trust they make others realize that they are on a right track as they are converting their combine thoughts into decisions and finally in actions. In this case study, Sally Helgesen finds the truth regarding her own personality. At initial stage of her career she visualized herself as a professor of the collage. But also she wants to continue her career as freelance writer. The conflict between these two options bothered her while she was wondering that how she was going to resolve this issue because she thoughts that her decision to pursue career as a writer looked frightening, ostentatious and in some scenarios fraudulent. But being a writer she has more values, traits and competencies referring to the case study. The self awareness realized Sally that she has more values, emotional attachment and competencies as a writer. When she got the opportunity to cover up the well known murder trial in Fort Worth Texas she went to grab that opportunity. There she realized that she needs to write a book Wildcatters (1981) regarding the roles and responsibilities of independent oil producers in shaping the Texas Region. Although the book did not achieve great fame or recognition but still after writing the book, she became more confident and she really enjoyed the fact that whether excellent or worse she became a writer.

There is no doubt in the statement that the above opportunity was the turning point of her life. After that she wrote the book regarding what women had to contribute in the organizations which received great applause. Basically the rationale behind her success was the self awareness which make her realized that she is a writer.

Question # 2: How would you describe the authenticity of Sally Helgesens leadership?
No doubt Sally has the real desire to do something for others by serving people and made her contributions in the betterment of the society. The description of the authenticity of Sally Helgesen is based on below pie chart recognized by Bill George:

The above pie chart demonstrates five key areas / dimensions of authentic leadership and more or less the Sallys leadership based on these five dimensions. Nothing can be achieved without passion and Sally has true sense of her goals and passion that become her purpose in later stage of her career. She has the skills of a writer but when she made her mind to highlight the contributions of women in the organization that movement help her in two was to make / sustain her purpose and passion 1) to become a writer 2) to do something for women by highlighting their issues and achievements in organizations.

As the true leader one must have his / her own set of norms and values and moreover respect the values of others as well. Through her career likewise Sally has strong set of values and she gave respect to values of other people. She has a clear idea about who she is and what she wants and what is the right way to achieve it. She faced quite difficult times in her journey but she remained consistent and focused which showed her values. Relationships with others or simply socialization is very strong aspect in the authentic leaders personality. Strong relationships helps leader to consolidate people with him / her. In Sallys case, her relationships maintained connections with people while understanding the problems of women, listening to them carefully and building a trust factor with them in the organization. Sally was confident, focused and determine in her writers career. She achieved these successes because she was self disciplined. This aspect of her personality lead her to achieve her goal by developing clear and precise objectives and standards for excellence because self discipline gave her energy to exercise her works in accordance to her set values. By writing a book Sally played the role of compassion as she had done something for society by highlighting the issues and achievements of women in the organization. She was being involved with others by paying attention to their life stories and developing. So in a nutshell, it is a lifelong process and Sallys personality as a leader to some extend based on the above said factors / dimension of authentic leadership.

Question # 3: At the end of the case, Sally Helgesen is described as taking on the mantle of leadership. Was this important for her leadership? How is taking on the mantle of leadership related to a leaders authenticity? Does every leader reach a point in his or her career where embracing the leadership role is essential?
Basically Sally has more characteristics of a writer and a researcher. She has ability to research, communicate at all levels of society, observation power and thinking process, knowledge of society etc. she achieved a milestone of publishing right research in the form of book at the right time and received great round of applauses. But still she

thought that she was not a scientist or statistical observer as she saw herself more like an author or writer not a specialized scientist of expert. In the end of the case study she was talking about the taking on the mantle of leadership. She already took the responsibility of a leader. Every human is leader and follower in different scenarios. Sally was a leader being a writer who heighted some societal issues along with their opportunities and fulfill her responsibility of leadership. She was a bit confused of not being a critical / statistical observer or scientist but being an author she had done extremely well. She was a writer, not political sort of leader so people did not except anything more than that. So there was no point for her to evaluate the authenticity of her leadership. An being a writer, she has a vision, a vision which leads to achieve the objectives, a set of values, self awareness and other skills and more importantly she has trust on herself and her expertise. Everyone has leadership skill but some identified those and some cannot. Acceptance or rejection of the leadership role is very essential in everyones life. Leaders do reach at a point where they need to accept or reject themselves as a leader. If a leader cannot accept him / her as a leader how other could believe him as a leader.

CASE STUDY # 2 MOVING MOUNTAINS FOR EDUCATION AND PEACE Question # 1: What are the driving forces behind Gregs leadership? Which of Georges characteristics of authentic leaders does Greg Exhibit?
Greg Mortenson came to Pakistan with the aim to climb the world second largest peak K2 in order to honor his youngest sister who died because of massive seizure. He had been lost for nearly 2 month and reached to a small village named Korphe. He lived there for quite some time and during these days he observed that there was no proper schooling for the children of the village. The children were scratching their school lesson on to the mud. Due to the hospitality of the village, he pledged himself to do something for them in return. When he saw the eyes of the children he felt that those are his own children

having no education. These conditions forced him to take initiatives to build a school for them. In later stages of his career, he established a non for profit organization Central Asia Institute (CAI) aiming to established further schools in remote area of Afghanistan and Pakistan. Basically Bill George presented a model in order to evaluate authenticity of leadership in the form of a pie chart containing five dimensions / characteristics which are purpose, values, relationships, self-discipline, and heart. Technically, Greg leadership shows evidence of these characteristics. First of all he has a clear purpose, a mission, or a set of objective and that become his passion in life. He was inspired and highly motivated toward his objectives. He was passionate, devoted and has profound interest in building the schools through his NGO. He has hope, a hope that he can build the schools, a hope which never let him getting frustrated. The next characteristic from Bill George model which was demonstrated by Greg is the values. His behavior is reflection of his high values. He knows himself; he knows that he has the ability to do this, to build school, to something for the people of mountains in return by educating their children. This was only way he knows which eliminates the bogus statements relating to the terrorism. Being a leader, Greg was disciplined and compassionate but above of all these characteristics he was very strong in making relationships. Surely this characteristic was the biggest supporter of Greg in fulfilling his objectives. He was great communicator at all levels; he has strong convincing powers and negotiation skills. And as advised by a local tribe leader, he remained calm and steady in building relationship while achieving his objectives.

Question # 2: In the chapter we discussed moral reasoning and transparency as component of authentic leadership. In what way is each of these components a part of Gregs leadership?
It has been examined by researchers that the authentic leadership is heavily influenced by the moral reasoning, critical life events and psychological capabilities of a leader.

Basically moral reasoning relates with the capacity to make ethical and moral decisions for the right or wrong issues. Grey was one of them who have the ability of moral reasoning. Through his career he faced many issues some of them are right issues and some of them are wrong issues. But he remained focused by giving moral reasoning to every issue. He steady combine people for a common goal which lead them for the betterment in their society. He selflessly continued his efforts to enhance education and justice in the remote areas. He also convinced other people who joined him in later stages. Secondly, as a person or as a leader Greg was a trustworthy person and an honest leader. While convincing the leaders of tribes he always showed his true personality to them. As promoting education was his primary goal and core motive so he regulated himself while presenting himself to others. There was consistency between his saying and his actions which indicates the transparency of his personality. He has done everything just to convince the tribe leader. In order to promote the education in those areas one must have transparent personality and Greg proved that he has the personality which anybody can trust. Through his humble personality he gained the trust of local tribe leader, military commanders, Islamic scholars and common person of the society.

Question # 3: In pursuing his goals to build school in Pakistan and Afghanistan, Greg faced enormous challenges. What role did authentic leadership play in helping him to meet these challenges? Did being an authentic leader always have a positive impact on his work?
In order to achieve his objectives Greg had gone through a long journey full of problems and challenges. The missteps, unavoidable delay, and other obstacles frustrated him a lot. During this process at gun point Greg was abducted for sometimes, an investigation had been launched against him and his NGO, his own countrymen blocked helping him. But regardless of these entire hurdles he remained consistent in achieving his objectives by spreading the love of mountains, love of humanity and enhancement in the education.

The characteristics of his personality helped him a lot. First of all he had a confident personality, he trusted himself as he had the faith that he can successfully build the schools and promote the education. Because of this confidence he was highly motivated and passionate about his objectives. Moreover, he has another positive factor in his personality which was hope. In fact his hope build s his confidence. He was very optimistic as he used to think and process cognitively. But the most important characteristic of his personality was his cool and calm behavior with other. His gentle, humble manner and soft spoken attract people a lot. He know that relationships are very important for a leader and he worked very hard to build strong relationships through proper communication at all levels like with military general, Islamic Ulemah, government bodies and common people. In the long run, initially the impact of being an authentic leader is not very good. The usual response from others was improper and sometimes humiliating. The enormous obstacles are there to stop you while achieving your objectives. But this is the only way to become an authentic leader. There is no short cut for that. Not every time leaders realism helps him, he might face hurdles or negative impact on the process. But if he remains consistent and authentic he will achieve his objectives.

CASE STUDY # 3 THE RELUCTANT FIRST LADY Question # 1: How would you describe Betty Fords leadership? In what ways could her leadership be described as authentic?
Betty Ford has a different sort of characteristics and values in her personality. Usually famous or great leaders do not have that sort of personality. On one hand she wanted to be a social worker but on the other hand she was alcohol addicted. She was the first lady of America and on the other hand she was addicted to pain killers which she was consumed for nearly 15 years. No doubt she has confidence and vision that helped her to do something for society, fight for equal rights in the society, and build a non for profit organization to rehabilitate addicted people. Regardless of her vision which was very helpful for society and

achievement the personal values of Betty Ford being a leader are not good. Other than that she has all the characteristics of a leader. The authenticity of Betty Fords leadership can be proved through many examples. Women were fighting for equal rights because more than half of US women were doing house jobs so being the first lady of America, at the very first press conference she raised the point of equal rights for men and women, rights for abortion and participation of women in politics. Before that there was very little awareness among women regarding the breast cancer. Betty went to white house after a month after becoming the first lady because she was diagnosed breast cancer. In order to create awareness in the society and especially in women she spoke openly at media regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the breast cancer. That openness of discussion helped women to understand about the diagnosis and treatment of the breast cancer. Finally she had established the non for profit organization which help people to rehabilitate from their addiction. These all are the objectives which Betty Ford achieved in her career and these objectives proves that she was an authentic leader along with few plus minuses. She became so much popular that in election campaign, the slogan Vote for Bettys Husband inspired many Americans.

Question # 2: How did critical life events play a role in the development of her leadership?
When Betty Ford became the first lady of America, she started making efforts for the betterment of the society. Her own personality was very important in order to set the objectives to achieve because her own life played very critical role in the development of the leadership. She was hesitant to be the first lady, but when she realized the role and responsibilities she utilized those resources in order to make society better. That was her first step as she used the platform in order to spread her message regarding equal rights for men and women, rights for abortion and participation of women in politics. From that point she cleared her purpose and vision. She was confident to achieve her objectives.

She became a public figure when she started breast cancer diagnosis and treatment awareness programs. At that point of time she started to build relationship among people and fulfilling the responsibilities of first lady by entering in the politics and started campaigning for her husband. After attending the rehabilitation program and quitting the use of alcohol and pain killers she became a social worker. She started a non for profit organization in order to rehabilitate others from addiction of drugs, alcohol etc. There she had different objectives, values, relationships. She played a different role of leader in each critical phase of her life. But there were few similarities like she had confidence in herself, she was very optimistic, she was never a hypocrite, she was honest with herself and with the society, she was a very good communicator at all levels, she won the hearts of general public etc. The only issue which was associated with her leadership was her personal values. People use to idealize their leaders but as she was alcohol addicted so her personal values were not as per standards.

Question # 3: Is there a clear moral dimension to Betty Fords leadership? In what way is her leadership about serving the common good? Discuss
Betty Fords leadership reflects the clear signs transformational & servant leadership. She gave more value to the requirement of the society. She had done what was right for the society and good for her followers. Women were fighting for equal rights because more than half of US women were doing house jobs so being the first lady of America, at the very first press conference she raised the point of equal rights for men and women, rights for abortion and participation of women in politics. Basically batty placed her attention on the needs and requirements of her follower, morals and values. This is the transformational leadership which involved efforts to encourage people to achieve the highest standards of moral roles and responsibilities. Further it evolves motivation of the followers to build their own interest and suggest them a path to achieve those objectives. So she helped women in order to create awareness of breast cancer and its treatment.

At that time batty she worked for common goods of the society and these common goods are, establishing the rehabilitation institute, a campaign for equal rights for men and women, creating awareness for cancer diagnose and its treatments.

Question # 4: As we discussed in the chapter, self-awareness and transparency are associated with authentic leadership. How does Betty Ford exhibit these qualities?
Self awareness is all about the own insights of a leader, a process thought a leader can understand himself. Betty know herself, she had clear objectives relating to her own personality, confidence level, purposes etc. Through her public speaking she made other realized her and combine her to achieve the common objective. She spread the message of awareness among people and people joined her for fulfill a common goal. This happened because Betty was self aware for what she really wanted for other and what was the way to achieve that. In addition to that, it will show the way to leader who is aware of his personality traits and have trust on these traits. Also trust factor make others realize that they are on a right track as they are converting their combine thoughts into decisions and finally in actions. There is no doubt in the statement that the rehabilitation was the key turning point for her. During the process she realized the need for rehabilitation made that her objective of life. Secondly, being a leader Betty was a trustworthy and honest lady. While convincing the people for the need of rehabilitation center she never cheated them by showing her false personality. She was never a hypocrite in her life. She put her best efforts while promoting the awareness of cancer diagnose and its treatment. Consistency was observed between her saying and his actions which indicate the transparency of his personality. She has done the whole thing just to encourage women to get awareness of breast cancer, equal rights in the society, politics and job, and for the establishment of the rehabilitation center.

References:
Leadership (Theory and Practice) Northouse, Peter Guy. http://changingminds.org/disciplines/leadership/theories/leadership_theories.htm http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1021&context=managementfa cpub