GIO N THC TP

BI 46 : BEZEN V ANKYLBENZEN
(TIT 1)
Tit
: 61
Ngy son : ngy 04 thng 3 nm 2013

I. Mc tiu.
1. Kin thc.
- Bit c cu trc ca ca phn t benzen.
- Bit c ng ng, ng phn, danh php v tnh cht vt l ca ankylbenzen.
2. K nng.
- Vit cc ng phn ca ankylbezen.
- Bit gi tn cc ankylbenzen.
3. Trng tm.
- ng ng, ng phn, danh php ca ankylbenzen.
II. Phng php dy hc.
- Thuyt trnh, vn p.
III. Chun b.
- Gio vin chun b bng ph v cu trc phn t ca benzen.
IV. Tin trnh ln lp.
1. n nh lp v kim tra bi c.
Cu hi : Nu tnh cht ha hc ca ankin v ly v d bng phng trnh ha hc.
2. Vo bi.
HOT NG CA
GIO VIN

GV : Chng ta hc
v ankan, xicloankan,
anken, akaien v
ankin. Ankan l mt
Hidrocacbon no mch
h, Xicloankan l mt
hidrocacbon no nhng
mch knh. Anken,

HOT NG CA
HC SINH

NI DUNG BI HC

BENZEN V ANKYL BENZEN

TIT 1

ankaien v ankin l
nhng
hidrocacbon
khng no mch h,
hm nay chng ta s
tm hiu v mt loi
hidrocacbon khc
l hidrocacbon thm,
mch kn v c c lin
kt i.
Hot ng 1 :
- GV : Cho hc sinh HS : Nhn xt v
quan st hnh nh v lm vo phiu hc
cu to benzen v tp.
nhn xt :
- Cu trc phn t
- Trng thi lai ha
- S to thnh lin kt
trong benzen.
- S to thnh lin kt
trong benzen.

- GV : cho HS quan
st m hnh phn t
benzen v yu cu HS
nhn xt v cu trc
hnh hc ca benzen.
- Dng hnh hc :
- Cc gc ha tr

- GV : Biu din 2
kiu
CTCT ca
benzen.

Hot ng 2 :
- GV : Nu nh ngha
v dy ng ng ca
benzen : khi thay cc

- HS : Phn t
benzen c hnh lc
gic u.
- Cc nguyn t
nm trong cng
mt mt phng v
cc gc ha tr u
bng 120o.

I. Cu trc, ng ng, ng phn v danh

php.
1. Cu trc ca phn t benzene.
a) S hnh thnh lin kt trong phn t
benzen.

- 6 nguyn t C trng thi lai ha sp2.

- Mi nguyn t C s dng 3 AO lai ha to
lin kt vi 2 nguyn t C bn cnh n v vi
nguyn t H.
- 6 AO p cn li ca 6 nguyn t C xen ph bn
vi nhau to thnh h lin hp cho c vng.
- Lin kt trong benzen l tng i bn vng.
b) M hnh phn t.

- Phn t benzen c hnh lc gic u, cc

nguyn t nm trong cng mt mt phng.
- Cc gc ha tr u bng 120o.
c) Biu din cu to ca benzen.

2. ng ng, ng phn v danh php.

a) ng ng,
- Khi thay cc nguyn t hiro trong phn t
benzen bng cc nhm ankyl, ta c cc
2

nguyn t hiro trong

phn t benzen bng
cc nhm ankyl, ta
c cc ankylbenzen.
VD : C6H5CH3 ,
C6H5CH2CH3 ,
C6H4[CH3]2
- CTTQ : CnH2n 6
(n6)
- GV : Hng dn HS
cc vit ng phn ca
benzen.
- Cc ankylbezen c
th ng phn v v tr
nhm th (C8 tr ln).
- ng phn v mch
C (C9) tr ln.
GV : Vit ly v d
cc ng phn ca
C7H8 v C8H10.
- Yu cu HS ln ng - HS ln bng vit.
phn C9H12

ankylbenzen.
VD : C6H5 CH3
C6H5 CH2
CH3 .........
Metylbezen (toluen)
Etylbenzen
- Cc ankylbenzen hp thnh dy ng ng ca
benzen c CTTQ l CnH2n 6 ( n 6 ).
VD : C6H6,C7H8,C8H10,C9H12,C10H14, .... , CnH2n 6
( n 6 ).
b) ng phn.
- Cc ankylbezen c th ng phn v v tr
nhm th (C8 tr ln).
- ng phn v mch C (C9) tr ln.
VD : Vit ng phn:
C7H8
CH3

C8H10
CH2-CH3

CH3
CH3

CH3

CH3

CH3

CH3

- Vit ng phn ca C9H12

CH2 - CH2 - CH3 CH2-CH-CH3

CH3
CH2-CH3

- GV : a ra cch
chn mch chnh v
cch gi tn.
- Ch r cc v tr
Ortho, Meta, Para trn
vng benzen cho HS.

CH3

CH3

CH2-CH3

CH2-CH3

CH3
(o)6

1
2(o)
3(m)

(m)5
4(p)

- GV : C th dng
ortho - , meta - , para (vit tt l o- , m- , p- )
thay cho 1,2-,1,3-,1,4- GV : Gi tn mt vi
cht v d v sau
yu cu HS gi tn cc
cht tip theo.

c) Danh php.
- Chn mch chnh l vng benzen. nh s sao
cho tng v tr nhnh l nh nht (nu c 2 nhnh
tr ln).
- S ch v tr nhm th + tn nhm th + benzen.
- C th dng ortho - , meta - , para - (vit tt l
o- , m- , p- ) thay cho 1,2- , 1-3, 1,4VD :
CH3

Metylbenzen (Toluen)
CH3

CH2-CH3

CH3

etylbenzen

1,2-imetylbenzen
o-imetylbenzen
(o-xilen )

CH3

CH3

CH3

1,4 imetyl benzen

p- ddimetylbenzen
(p- xilen)
CH2 - CH2 - CH3

Propyl benzen.
(Cumen)

CH3

1,3 imetylbenzen
m imetylbenzen
(m xilen )
CH2-CH-CH3

Isopropyl bezen

CH3

CH3
CH2-CH3

CH2-CH3

2-etyl toluen
(1-etyl-2-metylbenzen)
(o-etyl-metylbenzen)

3-etyl toluen
(1-etyl-3-metylbenzen)
(m-etyl-metylbenzen)

CH3

CH2-CH3

4-etyl toluen
(1-etyl-4-metylbenzen)
(p-etyl-metylbezen)

Hot ng 3.
- GV : HS quan st
bng 7.1- SGK/188 v
nhn xt v : nhit
nng chy, nhit
si, v khi lng
ring.

II. Tnh cht vy l.

1. Nhit nng chy, nhit si, v khi
lng ring.
- Nhit nng chy nhn chung gim dn,
c s bt thng p-xilen, o-xilen, m-xilen.
- Nhit si tng dn.
- Khi lng ring ca benzen v
ankylbenzen u nh hn 1g/cm3 v nh hn
nc.
2. Mu sc, tnh tan v mi.
- L nhng cht khng mu, hu nh khng
tan trong nc, tan nhiu trong dung mi hu
c.

- GV : Cho HS quan
st bnh ng benzen
v rt ra nhn xt.

- u l nhng cht c mi thm nh, v c hi

cho sc khe.

Hot ng 4 : Cng c
Lm bi tp phiu
hc tp.
Bi tp cng c.
Cu 1: Cho cc cht C6H5CH3 (1) p-CH3C6H4C2H5 (2)
(4)
Dy gm cc cht l ng ng ca benzen l:
A.(1);(2) v (3)

B.(2);(3) v (4)

C.(1);(3) v (4)

C6H5C2H3 (3)

o-CH3C6H4CH3

D.(1);(2) v (4)

Cu 2: Cho cht sau c tn gi l

A.1-butyl-3-metyl-4-etylbenzen
5

CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

B.1-butyl-4-etyl-3-metylbenzen
C.1-etyl-2-metyl-4-butylbenzen
D.4-butyl-1-etyl-2-metylbenzen

CH3
CH2-CH3

Cu 3: (CH3)2CHC6H5 c tn gi l:
A.propylbenzen
B.n-propylbenzen
C.isopropylbenzen
Cu 4: Mt ankylbenzen A (C12H18)cu to c tnh i xng cao.A l:
A.1,3,5-tri etylbenzen
B. 1,2,4-tri etylbenzen
C. 1,2,3-tri metylbenzen
D. 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexaetylbenzen
Cu 5: S lin kt v lin kt c trong phn t benzen l:
A.6 v 3
C.6 v 6

B.12
v 3
D.12 v 6

D.imetylbenzen

V. Nhn xt ca gio vin hng dn:

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Ch k ca GVHD :

Nng, ngy 04 thng 3 nm 2013

Ngi son