Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 9



      " !  :

 )(OSI
    (Open System Interconnection)OSI
)( '& $% "  ISO& "0  . +%,-
;& +5&  67 889- &45 @?>& . ) 67
> (C DE> 6-A F08  6)H%) A-B 6-)> G 6-
+I 6  67 889- &45( @&&8>G -&0)@ &7 J7
. & $4S& 67 &HR&I )( F  'PQ &%& ;& &M
 "9-E V &H-U0M >&@+5 H& 67 889-
. &X .W'7

 Z [-% OSI &' V\  6HM+ +IDR


 6 6PS 6\ ':B &',-'
'F%"'- 'EPX )' ' '45
@ W && ', R&%UB

 : 

>"c b. ', &&4 &@ JPH-% & % ` ^5-


&0M > 6PS + 45c 45 @ &, 45
 `\e `f  "9-E&`\e )\&c
& e  %+8"c> &i%  &Ih  " g> 6-
&& &&Ih @+04+-4 h E&)Q Ri
', "9> R&%UB ' @ W && "c> 6- 
&M )4- "9-E

 $: " 

>"c b. ',U0Me "H ` +I& )& 45


67 le "c> PA+ 67 &M )4- @  45
+>G +@ HR&5> Token Ring @+> PPP

 $ : %'&

>4 b. S  rE ',G&8>G @ U0Me 7+,


4> " 6- &4I 6PS  A 67 BP-9 ' @W
&& > 6PS W@+P W'7 H 45   Pc +>G
e +g\"9-& ', +@ 45> s+-h @+>
>& + 6PS &45 IPX H&X@+> Netbeui
&45 Windows

)* $ :(

{ )&A` ^ .P7 45 ' )' |"& ' F->


+. &g \ 6PS'& , b. 6 >+@ @ 
&7 ^P . ') ' , TCP  45 ' , IP TCP/IP
"9% >+@ SPX  45 ' , IPX SPX/IPX 9%
.') '
S 6 G>+ FEB)> '&, )  . 67
&8>G %"S +|e& 8>G 6PS "-H> & >'" |"&0iH@
67 F4c- > +@) TCP >+@ +. G ) 6PS &g
6& W,9 > +@ +. 6&g ) P E) &@ (')
UDP "9-EP

+-. $ :+,

(Dialog ) c F()> S  rE 6 EPX '


6PS &( @ &PH   >& c &@ l)H& Control
F4c- F()- 6' , b. 0 H 6PS 45
', b.0 . &8>G %&0 ' && c @" 67
 4-> 6-A \+ UM +|  )H@ &B-AG& 4
.\& h PS &H> & \0) "-@ 6-  ,')  7+H
"%"M  HP &0>S F 45 & ,S  &A 67

12 $ ://

b.07 BP-9 ( e @ Q8  M+-@ ', b.>'


Q 6  PH b. M+> S  rE 6- 6' ,
WQ PS U+-  PS 6 M+-   +>4
B9-  67 g-> 6- ( Data Compression) &&
PH b.  +Q  45 6PS P\+ && FXA
J%+ S 45 6PS S+E@ )' &&-> &4
'-E & 0X & -B "9-\&@ &+B5>

$ :( /32

>'" +@ F(H>G ' &"| J,- > &0"9-E +


fP 6 .45 &',- 67 HR&5 &45 .+
@+> ' &BP FTP@+> '  "%+ SMTP WE
. "9-E% &> 67 R&\++-4 G )(E-Mails

6 6 )(OSI


&( FE'> . G&8>G 67 45 UM @WE
. +Qf
&)@ +%&H "A> . +f&)S 4- 45  "%"H
  H)8 FS>"%"M +f&)S +%, .
+7> .&4 &8>G @  &-S  BP-9 @&X+
. 45
+[> V) . +Q- PS & ' 67 &', +|e
& +E% &PS . +%,-
&( FE'> . >G&8 45 UM +Qf0E-
&0PH> PS&007

 982/ 6 )(OSI

+7> A b. +>G )H f-@ DE> 6-'


&PH ;+& +S 45 &45 "H- +|e.
" "M b. +>G )@+>G &45(  l\&
&PH H@ 67 4 b. +>G '>G @& [-" 
f &&  &0 $ '" PS [-"  lPSf
&& >4 b. >+G M 7 ', +@A H
>' ', +@ 67 H )(& -B @[| . &PH 
', &PH >' &0E UM "H@ F-% ^ \& &0
', g &g -c> 6- @+>G 45 '> 6-
@"& @& '& @ "%"c-  l\& +S &0 .45

} { TCP/IP
 TCP/IP & +@ E%> h&@ F4c-\& @+>
s+-h
 &S  &@ S +>G &45P DE> 6- e
  BP-9U0Me @&&8>G .&0)@ &7
+@ +7%> R&8| TCP/IP ^5-> lMf 45
s+-h&B-\G  &
 . +> &S 67  &  &5 V% c
,
&7"P DARPA 64%+e" \"9- . +> 67 "%
)& &5 4I V% c , &7"P 64%+e&S 6
4I S& @ W@+> s@&H&M V +X> 4%+ @c 67
&X "&7 .
Z [-%. ) >+  @&' V 6& : 6P%
' f 6 .45
>' b. %c-@ ', && &I R&@+0
+0 E&)Q R
)' PS &0P\ W \ ^P 45
' &8>G @&. s+-h
>  b. ',&8>G @ U0Me PS &45 Pc
LAN &45 \WAN H
' )' .
> - b. ', &"9 ` +7->&8  @
U0Me
' &',- &"9.
> U- b. &"| F%"'-@ ', >+@ 67 g->G  &S
-E `\&B-  @& 6 &"9 &0"'> 6- +>G
67 &', +|e .
) . ^ c Df. )  +> '&\6
"9-E &i - @ J7e   BP-9U0Me .
+@ +-H%> +7% A ') &889 TCP>&0M G&8
U b&X>G J7"> 67 F4c-% && IP &)@  &S S
@+> net work 4I
 FPE> +7% && >&8 ... JE

:U
. s+-h 45  f
. s+-h 4I  f
. Routing &&UA lM> FS
. BP-9 U0Me Q5- ( e& 8>CP P@&' +7>

:H
. &'"H> +4  Uc FXA
.W
>+@ +7>  " &.0 lPS 67 &r,@ TCP/IP +-H% A
67 TCP >+@ ' $B 67 `4 lPS 4% +\ +|
TCP/IP UA
$B "B) &8>e %"S H%+\ "| +7%  UDP >+@ 
TCP >+@ ZR&

Вам также может понравиться