Minitab Inc., 2010 . .

16.1.0

Minitab , Minitab , Quality Companion by Minitab Quality Trainer by Minitab

Minitab, Inc. . Capability Sixpack,
Process Capability Sixpack, ReportPad StatGuide Minitab, Inc.
Six Sigma Motorola, Inc.
.

ii

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
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Minitab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
(ANOVA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Project Manager Minitab . . . . . . 3-10
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
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iii

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Exec . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-1
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
ReportPad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
Microsoft PowerPoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
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iv

Minitab . . . . . . . . . 9-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6
Minitab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-8
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9

10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Minitab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6
StatGuide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-10
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11

11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
Minitab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2
Minitab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-5

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1

vi

Minitab, . 1-1;

Minitab, . 1-3;

, . 1-4.

Minitab
Minitab.
, ,
. ,
Minitab, ,
Minitab.
Minitab
, .
,

, .
2 5 ,
Minitab:

6 9 :

Minitab

1-1

Minitab.

10, ,
Minitab.
11, Minitab,
, Minitab.
Minitab :

,

.

Minitab.

Minitab ,
.
(
):
.

Minitab StatGuide.

[Enter]

, [Enter].

[Alt]+[D]

: ,
. ,
[Alt], [D].

File () Exit () .
Exit () File ().
: Stat () Tables ()
Tally Individual Variables (
). Stat
(), Tables
() Tally Individual
Variables ( ).

1-2

OK.

, Minitab.

Pulse1.

,
.
Minitab

, .

.
,
, .

, ,
Minitab.
, ,
.
,
.
,
. ,
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.
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, Minitab.

Minitab
, Minitab
.
Minitab

1 Windows Minitab

Minitab 16 Statistical Software.

Minitab. :

Minitab

. ,
,
Minitab.
,
. ,
.

1-3

Minitab . Minitab
. 11-2.

, . ,
, .
Minitab. ,
, .

ShippingData.MTW.
.
, , . 8,
.

1-4

Minitab

File () Open
Worksheet (
).
2 Look

in Minitab Sample Data

folder (

Minitab)
.
3 Sample Data

Meet Minitab.
,

Minitab,
Tools () Options () General ().
4 ShippingData.MTW Open ().

, Do not display this

message again ( )
OK.
, Minitab . .
Minitab . 9-8.

,
.
. ,
.

Minitab

1-5

Minitab : ,
.
.
:

("On time" , ,
"Back order" , , "Late" ,
);
.

. Minitab
. 11-5.

, ,
Minitab. ,

.

1-6

Minitab

, . 2-2;

, . 2-4;

, . 2-6;

, . 2-7;

, . 2-9;

, . 2-10;

, . 2-11;

, . 2-13;

, . 2-15;

, . 2-15.

,

. ,
.
Minitab Graph ()
Stat (). ,
,
.
Minitab

2-1

Minitab :

.
:
.
:
, , , , .
.

,
, ,
,
.
Minitab Graphs ()
Overview (), Minitab.
, Help () Help
Index ().

, ,
.

. ,
,
,
.

, .
, .
1 , File () Open

Worksheet ( ). ,
4.
2 Look in Minitab Sample Data folder (

Minitab) .
3 Sample Data Meet Minitab

ShippingData.MTW. Open ().

2-2

Minitab

4 Graph () Individual

Value Plot (
).

Minitab .

,
.
5 One Y ( Y)

With Groups ( )
OK.
6 Graph variables

(
)
Days ().
7 Categorical variables

for grouping (1-4, outermost

first) (,

,
, 1-4,
)
Center ().

. ,
,
.

, .
, .
8 Data View

( ).
Mean connect line (,
).
9 OK

Minitab

2-3

Minitab
: ,
Select ()
.

Graph ()

,
. Western ,
Central Eastern.
.

:
.
.
1 Graph () Histogram

().
2 With Fit And Groups

( , )
OK.

2-4

Minitab

3 Graph variables

(
) Days ().
4 Categorical variables

for grouping (0-3)

(,
,
, 0-3)
Center ().
5 OK.

Graph ()

Minitab

2-5

,
. :
Central 3,984
Eastern 4,452
Western 2,981
, Central Eastern

. Western
. 3,
,
.
Minitab
. . Updating graphs
( ) Minitab.

Minitab
. . ,
:

(
) ;
.

.
2 Header Font

( ).
3 Style ()

Bold ().
4 OK.

2-6

Minitab

(Histogram of Days
( )).
2 Text ()

Histogram of Delivery Time

( ).
3 OK.

Graph ()

,
.
,
, .

, ,
, , Tools () Options () Graphics
().

, ,
, Tools
() Options () Individual Graphs ( ).

, ,
.

Minitab

, ,
.

2-7

1 Graph () Histogram

().
2 With Fit ( )

OK.

3 Graph variables

(
)
Days ().

4 Multiple

Graphs ( )
By Variables
( ).
5 By variables with groups in

separate panels ( ,
)
Center ().
6 OK

Graph ()

2-8

Minitab

: .
50,
(Graph ()
Probability Plot ( )).

.

.
,
,
.
,
.

Help
()

, ,
Help () Minitab.
1 Help () Help.
2 Index ().
3 Type in the keyword to find ( )

Graphs () Overview (),

.
4

Types of
graphs (
)

Examine
relationships
between pairs
of variables
(

).
Minitab

2-9

,

.
- Minitab,
Help () [F1].
Minitab
. 10, .

1 Graph ()

Scatterplot ( ).
2 With Regression

( ) OK.

3 Y variables

( Y)
Days ().
X variables
( X)
Distance
().

2-10

Minitab

4 Multiple Graphs

( )
By Variables
( ).
5 By variables with groups in

separate panels ( ,
)
Center ().
6 OK

Graph ()

Minitab

, -
.
, ,
.
,
.

2-11

1 ,

.
2 Editor () Add

() Footnote ().
3 Footnote ()

Relationship between delivery time

and distance from shipping center
(

).
4 OK.

Graph ()

Minitab ,
.
, ,
.

,
.
Minitab,
.
, [F3].

2-12

Minitab

1 , Editor () Layout

Tool ( ).
.

.
3

,
.

.
5

.
6 Finish ().

Minitab

2-13

Graph ()

, Minitab
, , .
.

.
1 Editor () Add () Title ().
2 Title () Graphical Analysis of Shipping Center Data

( ). OK.
Graph ()

2-14

Minitab

, :
Minitab .
1 , ,

File () Print Graph ( ).

2 OK.

Minitab . ,
Minitab, ,
. Minitab ,
, , , ,
ReportPad .
, .
Program Files.
Meet Minitab
.
( Program Files).

Minitab

Minitab.
1 File ()

Save Project As
( ).
2 ,

.
3 File name

( )
My_Graphs.MPJ.

Minitab

.MPJ.
4

Save ().
, , Minitab
.

Minitab

2-15

, , ,
.
,
,
.

2-16

Minitab

, . 3-2;
(ANOVA)
, . 3-5;

, . 3-5;

StatGuide, . 3-9;

Project Manager, . 3-10.

, ,
,
. ,
,

.
Minitab :

, :
, (ANOVA), ,
;
,
;

.

Minitab, , StatGuide
Project Manager.

Minitab

3-1

.
Minitab
Stat menu ( ) .

.
Display Descriptive Statistics (
) , ,
, .

1 , File () New (),

Minitab Project ( Minitab). OK.

,
Minitab.
2 File () Open Worksheet ( ).
3 Look in Minitab Sample Data folder (

Minitab) .
4 Sample Data Meet Minitab

ShippingData.MTW. Open ().

, ( 2,
).
5 Stat ()

Basic Statistics ( )
Display Descriptive Statistics (
).
6 Variables ()

Days ().
7 By variables (optional) (

, )
Center Status (, ).

Minitab .

, .
3-2

Minitab

8 Statistics ().
9 First quartile

( ), Median
(), Third quartile
( ), N nonmissing
(N ) N missing
(N ).
10 N total (N ).
11 OK

.
, Statistics,
. ,
Tools () Options () Individual Commands
( ) Display Descriptive Statistics (
). Statistics
.

Descriptive Statistics: Days

Results for Center = Central
Variable
Days

Status
Back order
Late
On time

Total
Count
6
6
93

Mean SE Mean StDev

*
*
*
6.431
0.157 0.385
3.826
0.119 1.149

Minimum
*
6.078
1.267

Maximum
*
7.070
5.983

Mean SE Mean StDev

*
*
*
6.678
0.180 0.541
4.234
0.112 1.077

Minimum
*
6.254
1.860

Maximum
*
7.748
5.953

Mean SE Mean StDev

*
*
*
2.981
0.108 1.090

Minimum
*
0.871

Maximum
*
5.681

Results for Center = Eastern

Variable
Days

Status
Back order
Late
On time

Total
Count
8
9
92

Results for Center = Western

Variable
Days

Status
Back order
On time

Total
Count
3
102

, ,
ReportPad . ReportPad
( 7, ).

Minitab

3-3

(ANOVA)

.
Total Count () ,
,
, .

Eastern ,
(8), (9).
Central
(6), (6).
Western (3)
.

, ,
,
. , ,
, .

(ANOVA)
,
. Minitab
,
. :
, ,
.
: (H0)
(H1). ,

. ,
.
, ,
, , ,
( )
() .
, (ANOVA),
,
. , ,
, .

3-4

Minitab

 (ANOVA)

(ANOVA)

1 Stat ()

ANOVA One-Way ().

2 Response ( )

Days (). Factor ()

Center ().


.
,

, .
3 Comparisons ().
4 Tukeys, family error

rate (, )
OK.

5 Graphs ().

Minitab
,


.
6 Individual value

plot (
) Boxplots of data
( ).
7 Residual Plots ( ) Four in one

( ).
8 OK .

Minitab

3-5

(ANOVA)
One-way ANOVA: Days versus Center
Source
Center
Error
Total

DF
2
299
301

S = 1.209

Level
Central
Eastern
Western

SS
114.63
437.28
551.92

MS
57.32
1.46

R-Sq = 20.77%

N Mean
99 3.984
101 4.452
102 2.981

StDev
1.280
1.252
1.090

F
P
39.19 0.000

R-Sq(adj) = 20.24%
Individual 95% CIs For Mean Based on
Pooled StDev
-----+---------+---------+---------+---(----*---)
(----*----)
(----*---)
-----+---------+---------+---------+---3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50

Pooled StDev = 1.209

Grouping Information Using Tukey Method
Center
Eastern
Central
Western

N Mean
101 4.452
99 3.984
102 2.981

Grouping
A
B
C

Means that do not share a letter are significantly different.

3-6

Minitab

 (ANOVA)

Tukey 95% Simultaneous Confidence Intervals

All Pairwise Comparisons among Levels of Center
Individual confidence level = 98.01%
Center = Central subtracted from:
Center
Eastern
Western

Lower
0.068
-1.402

Center Upper
0.468 0.868
-1.003 -0.603

---------+---------+---------+---------+
(---*---)
(---*---)
---------+---------+---------+---------+
-1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0

Center = Eastern subtracted from:

Center
Western

Lower
-1.868

Center Upper
-1.471 -1.073

---------+---------+---------+---------+
(---*---)
---------+---------+---------+---------+
-1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0

( ), ,
.
,
.

(0.000), ,
, = 0,05

. ,
95%: ,
, . ,
,
.
,
. ,
.
. ,
.
:

Minitab

Eastern Central
Western Central;
3-7

(ANOVA)

Western Eastern.

(0,068; 0,868).
,
Eastern Central 0,068 0,868 .
Eastern , Central.
.
,
. ,
.
Western (2,981 ).

,
,
, .
Eastern (
) , .
, ,
:

3-8

Minitab

 (ANOVA)

(
) .
, .
,
, .
.

,
.
.

.
.

, ,
.
(ANOVA)
.
Minitab
. , .

StatGuide

, ,
StatGuide, ,

.
1

.
2

3 ,

Contents () Tukeys method

( ).
4

, .

5 StatGuide

, .

StatGuide .
StatGuide . 10-8.

Minitab

3-9

Project Manager

Minitab.
1 File () Save Project As ( ).
2 , .
3 File name ( ) My_Stats.MPJ.
4 Save ().

Project
Manager Minitab
Minitab, ,
. Project Manager
Minitab,
.

Project Manager.

Project Manager

1 Project Manager,

Project Manager [Ctrl]+[I].

,
.
Project Manager.
. Project Manager . 11-3.

3-10

Minitab

 Project Manager Minitab

, ANOVA.
Project Manager,
Show Session Folder ( ,
)
. .
1

Project Manager.

2 One-way ANOVA: Days versus

Center ( , ).

Project Manager
, .

.
Show Graphs ( ,
)
.
1

Minitab

Project Manager.

3-11

2 Boxplot of Days by Center

( ).

Project Manager
.

, Western
.
,
, Western,
.

3-12

Minitab

, . 4-3;

, . 4-4;

, . 4-6;

, . 4-8;

, . 4-8;

,
. 4-10.

.
,
.
Minitab ,
, : ,
(
),
.
.
Minitab
:

Minitab

,

.
: ,
, .
Minitab,
, .
4-1

, , :

: ,
, , ,
-, .
,

.

, ,
, Western.
, ,
.

,

, .
Minitab
, ,
, .
Minitab :

;
(UCL)
;
(LCL)
.

, Minitab
, . ,
,
.
.

Minitab Control Charts ( )
.

4-2

Minitab

,
, Minitab ,
,
.
Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG),
:

1: 1 >3
;

2: 9 ;

3: 6 .

AIAG,
2 3 7.

.
, .
1 Tools

()
Options
()
Control Charts
and Quality Tools
(


) Tests
().
2

.
3 K 7.
4 K 7.
5 OK.
Minitab
. .
Minitab . 9-8.

Minitab

4-3

X S

,
. 10 ,
20- ,
. X S,
.
X S 9 .
1 , File () New (),

Minitab Project ( Minitab). OK.

,
Minitab.
2 File () Open Project ( ).
3 C:\Program Files\Minitab\Minitab 16\English\Sample

Data\Meet Minitab. ( Minitab

, .)
4 Quality.MPJ. Open ().
5 Stat () Control Charts (

) Variables Charts for Subgroups (

) Xbar-S (X S).

. , ,
,
.
6

All observations for a chart

are in one column (

)
Days ().
7 Subgroup sizes

( )
Date ().

4-4

Minitab

8 Xbar-S Options

( X S)
Tests ().
,

,
. (.

.
4-3.)
,

,
.
. Parameters (), Estimate
(), Display () Storage ()
.
Stages (), Tests (), S Limits ( S) Box-Cox
( -).
.
9 OK .

X S

Minitab

Western
. ,

(). ( ) 2,985,
( S) 0,629.

4-5

, ,
. Graph (
Stem-and-Leaf, )
.
X S,
Western , 23.03.2009.
.

C1 C2.
1 , .
2 C1 [End],

.
3 3/23/2009 201210, :

3/23/2009 201 C1.

, 3/23/2009,


. (+).
[Ctrl]
210
.
[Ctrl]

(++). ,

,
.

4 C2, 201:

3.60 2.40 2.80 3.21 2.40 2.75 2.79 3.40 2.58 2.50

4-6

Minitab

,
[Enter].

5 , .

1 X S

Update Graph Now ( ).

X S . ( = 2,978)
( S = 0,6207) ,
- .
,
:
1 Tools () Options () Graphics ()
Other Graphics Options ( ).
2 On creation, set graph to update automatically when data change
( ).

Minitab

4-7

Minitab,

.
, 9 (
).
1 , 9.

, 9
3,369 .

3,33 (80 ),
Western .
X, .
1

X
( )
Add ()
Reference Lines (
).
2 Show reference lines at Y

values (
Y) 3,33.
3 OK.

4-8

Minitab

( ) , ,
Western 3,33 .
9 (> 3,33).

, .
:

.
,
. ,
- , .
Minitab
.
,
. ( )
.
- ,
.
Minitab ,
, , ,
, - .
. Process
Capability ( ) Minitab.

Minitab

4-9

, .
, ,
.
3,33 .
(USL) 6 (, ,
). (LSL) .
,
.
1 Stat

() Quality Tools
( )
Capability Analysis (
) Normal
().
2 Data are arranged

as ( )
Single column
( ).
Days ().
3 Subgroup size ( ) Date ().
4 Upper spec ( ) 6.
5 Options (). Target (adds Cpm to table)

(, Cpm) 3.33.

Minitab,


,
,

.
6 OK

4-10

Minitab

1,33
( ),
Western , ,
.
Cpm ( , USL LSL,

) 1,22, .
X ,
,
. ,
, 3,33 .
,
, . Capability Analysis ( )
StatGuide.

Minitab.
1 File () Save Project As ( ).
2 , .
3 File name ( ) My_Quality.MPJ.
4 Save ().

Minitab

4-11

, Western
, .


Western.

4-12

Minitab

Minitab, . 5-1;

, . 5-2;

, . 5-5;

, . 5-6;

, . 5-10.

(DOE)
().
,
, , .


, ,
(), .
Minitab :
, ,
( ). ,

Minitab .
, Minitab
, .

.
Minitab.
Minitab

5-1

DOE Minitab
:

,
;
;
,
;
, .

Western. ,
. ,
:
.
Western ,
, .
, .
, .
, ,
.
,
.
,
Minitab, . DOE ( )
.

Minitab,
.
,
. Minitab :
.
, Minitab
.

5-2

,

.

Minitab

1 , File () New (),

Minitab Project ( Minitab). OK.

,
Minitab.
2 Stat ()

DOE ( )
Factorial () Create
Factorial Design (
).

Minitab
:
Display Available Designs (
) Designs ().

Designs ().
3 Display

Available Designs (
).

Minitab
Display
Available Designs (
)

.
4 OK,

.
5 Type of Design ( ) 2-level factorial (default

generators) ( , ).
6 Number of factors ( ) 2.
7 Designs ().

.
,
:

.
22,
.

Minitab

5-3

8 Number of replicates for corner points (

) 3.
9 OK, .

, .

Minitab ,
.
. , Minitab
-1 1 .
1 Factors ().
2 ,

Name ().

.
. :

Factor A ( A)
OrderSystem ( ) Name (), New ()
Low () Current () High ().
Type () Text ().
Factor B ( B) Pack ()
Name (), A Low () B High ().
Type () Text ().

3 OK, .

Minitab
, .

, .
,
.
,
, .
1 Options ().
2 Base for random data generator

( ) 9.
3 , Store design in

worksheet (
) .
OK .

5-4

Minitab

, Minitab
. ,
. DOE.MTW,
Meet Minitab.
.

Window ()
Worksheet 1 (
1).

RunOrder ( , C2),
, .
, StdOrder
( ) RunOrder ( ) .

, Minitab C3 C4
1. C5 C6 OrderSystem
( ) Pack ().
Factors (),
.
Stat () DOE ( ) Display Design
( )
,
.
, Stat
() DOE ( ) Modify Design ( ).
,
.

Minitab

5-5

. .
,
. :
14.72 9.62 13.81 7.97 12.52 13.78 14.64 9.41 13.89 13.89 12.57 14.06

1 C7 Hours ().
2 ,

(
),
Hours ()
.

, ,
.
,

, .

, File () Print Worksheet

( ) Print Grid Lines ( ).

.

5-6

Minitab

, .
,
.
,
.

, Minitab
Analyze Factorial Design ( )
Factorial Plots ( ) DOE (
) Factorial ().
, .
.
1 Stat

() DOE
( )
Factorial () Analyze
Factorial Design (
).
2 Responses ()

Hours ().

,
.
3 Terms

(). ,
A: OrderSystem, B: Pack
AB Selected Terms
( ).


Terms (),
,
.

.
.
4 OK.

Minitab

5-7

5 Graphs

().
6 Effects Plots (

)
Normal () Pareto
().

.
,
,

.
7 OK .

,
, .
.
Factorial Fit: Hours versus OrderSystem, Pack
Estimated Effects and Coefficients for Hours (coded units)
Term
Constant
OrderSystem
Pack
OrderSystem*Pack
S = 0.668069
R-Sq = 93.79%

5-8

Effect

Coef SE Coef
T
12.573 0.1929 65.20
3.097 1.548 0.1929 8.03
-2.320 -1.160 0.1929 -6.01
1.730 0.865 0.1929 4.49
PRESS = 8.0337
R-Sq(pred) = 86.02%

P
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.002

R-Sq(adj) = 91.46%

Minitab

Analysis of Variance for Hours (coded units)
Source
Main Effects
OrderSystem
Pack
2-Way Interactions
OrderSystem*Pack
Residual Error
Pure Error
Total

DF
2
1
1
1
1
8
8
11

Seq SS
44.9152
28.7680
16.1472
8.9787
8.9787
3.5705
3.5705
57.4645

Adj SS
44.9152
28.7680
16.1472
8.9787
8.9787
3.5705
3.5705

Adj MS
22.4576
28.7680
16.1472
8.9787
8.9787
0.4463
0.4463

F
50.32
64.46
36.18
20.12
20.12

P
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.002

Estimated Coefficients for Hours using data in uncoded units

Term
Constant
OrderSystem
Pack
OrderSystem*Pack

Coef
12.5733
1.54833
-1.16000
0.865000

,
.
(P) Estimated Effects and Coefficients (
), . = 0,05
(OrderSystem)
(Pack) OrderSystemPack
, 0,05.

, ,
, Hours ().
1

,
Window
() Effects Plot
for Hours (
).

.
OrderSystem (A), Pack
(B) OrderSystemPack (AB) ( = 0,05).

Minitab

5-9

2 , Window

() Effects Pareto for Hours ( ).

Minitab

.
,

,


0,05.
OrderSystem (A),
Pack (B)
OrderSystemPack (AB) ( = 0,05).

Minitab ,
( ).
,

.
1 Stat ()

DOE ( )
Factorial () Factorial Plots
( ).
2 Main Effects Plot (

) Setup
().

5-10

Minitab

3 Responses

()
Hours ().

4 ,

A:OrderSystem
Available
().

,

A:OrderSystem Selected ().
B:Pack Selected ().
OK.

5 Interaction Plot ( )

Setup ().

6 3 4.
7 OK .

,
A
B. .
1 Window Main Effects Plot for Hours

( ), .


,


.


,


.

(Hours ()),

.

. , ,

, , ,
A B. ,
, :
Minitab

5-11

, ;

B
, A.

,
,
.
, .

.
2 Window () Interaction Plot for Hours

( ), .

( y)

(Hours ()).

,





A.

(OrderSystem).

( x)
(Pack).

. ,
, .
, ,
B,
( 9 ). ,
A, ( 14,5 ).
, ,
x, ,
, ,
, .

Western
B.
5-12

Minitab

1 File () Save Project As ( ).
2 , .
3 File name ( ) My_DOE.MPJ.
4 Save ().

,
Western ,
B. ,
(Execs),
.

Minitab

5-13

5-14

Minitab

, . 6-2;

, . 6-3;

Command Line Editor, . 6-5;

(Exec), . 6-7.

.

.
: PLOT (), CHART (), SORT ().
, .
, , , , .
:

Command Line Editor;

History () Command Line Editor (
Minitab
History );
Exec ( ),
,
.

. .
, ,
, , .
Minitab

6-1

Western
. ( 4, )
.
, .
Help
() Help Session Commands ( )
References ().

.
Minitab .
,
.

1 , File ()

New (), Minitab Project ( Minitab)

OK. ,
Minitab.
2 File () Open Worksheet ( ).
3 Look in Minitab Sample Data folder (

Minitab) .
4 Sample Data Meet Minitab

SessionCommands.MTW. Open ().

5 , .
6 Editor () Enable Commands

( ). .

, :
1 Tools () Options () Session Window
( ) Submitting Commands ( ).
2 Command Language ( ) Enable ().

6-2

Minitab

,

. .

( 4, )
,
( ).
Stat () Quality Tools (
) Capability Analysis ( ) Normal
().
.
Western
.
,
, .
.
1 MTB :

CAPABILITY 'Days' 'Date';

2 [Enter].

, .

Minitab

6-3

, MTB SUBC.
,
.

3 SUBC :

USPEC 6;
4 [Enter].
5 SUBC :

TARGET 3.33.
6

[Enter].

.
Minitab


.

,
, Help
. Help
() Help, Session Commands ( )
References (). Notation for session commands (
) Session Command ( ).

6-4

Minitab

Minitab
History ()
Project Manager. ,
, :
History () Edit () Command Line Editor (
).
, ,
History (). History
Command Line Editor, .

History

1 Window () Project Manager.

2 History ().

History

Project Manager ,
Minitab.
, .
History,
Command Line Editor, .

Minitab

1 , ,

CAPABILITY 'Days' 'Date';, [Shift]

TARGET 3,33.

6-5

2 Edit

() Command Line
Editor (
).
3 Submit

Commands (
).

,
.
Minitab
.
, , ,
:

Editor () Copy Command Language ( )

;

Editor () Duplicate Graph ( )

, History .

Copy Command Language

( ) Duplicate Graph ( ) Editor
menu ( ) Minitab
Graph window ( ).

6-6

Minitab

 Exec

Exec
Exec , Minitab.
, ,
Exec. .
, History ()
Command Line Editor,
Exec .
Exec ,
Help () Help Macros
() References ().

Exec
History

Exec.
.
1 Window () Project Manager.
2 History ().
3 , ,

CAPABILITY 'Days' 'Date';, [Shift]

TARGET 3.33.
4 Save

As ( ).

5 , .
6 File name ( ) ShippingGraphs.
7 Save as type ( ) Exec Files (.MTB).

Save ().

Minitab

6-7

, Exec.
1 File ()

Other Files ( ) Run

an Exec ( Exec).
2 Select File ( ).
3 ShippingGraphs.MTB Open ().

Minitab , Exec.
Exec (
),
Minitab, . , ,
Western,
Exec Central Eastern,
.
Exec
, ,
.

Minitab.
1 File () Save Project As ( ).
2 File name ( ) My_SessionCommands.MPJ.
3 Save ().

.
, .
6-8

Minitab

ReportPad, . 7-2;

ReportPad, . 7-3;

ReportPad, . 7-5;

, . 7-7;

ReportPad , . 7-8;

Minitab , . 7-8.

Microsoft PowerPoint, . 7-11.

Minitab :

ReportPad Project Manager

, Minitab;
Copy to Word Processor ( ),
ReportPad ;
,
Minitab , .
Send To Microsoft Word or PowerPoint ( Microsoft Word
PowerPoint),
Word PowerPoint.

,
, Minitab.

Minitab

7-1

ReportPad

ReportPad
Minitab
. .
Minitab, Project Manager ReportPad,
.
ReportPad (
).
RTF ( ) HTML (-). ReportPad
:

ReportPad

Minitab ;

, ;

-.

ReportPad,

Append to Report ( ).
ReportPad
Minitab.
,
( 2, ), ReportPad.
1 , File () New (),

Minitab Project ( Minitab). OK.

, Minitab.
2 File () Open Project ( ).
3 C:\Program Files\Minitab\Minitab 16\English\Sample

Data\Meet Minitab. ( Minitab

, .)
4 Reports.MPJ. Open ().
5 Window () Histogram of Days

( ).

7-2

Minitab

 ReportPad

Append Graph to Report ( ).

7 Window () Project Manager.

8 ReportPad. ReportPad.

ReportPad

ReportPad.
( 3, )
.
ReportPad.
1 Window () Session ().

Minitab

7-3

ReportPad
2 Results for Center =

Central.
Append Section to Report ( ). ,
Minitab ,
( ).




Append Section to
Report (
),
,

Central,

ReportPad.

Results for Center = Eastern Results for Center = Western.

7-4

Minitab

 ReportPad

4 Window () Project Manager

ReportPad. ,
.

ReportPad, :
1 .
2 .
3 Append Selected Lines to Report ( ).

ReportPad

: , ,
.
1 (Minitab Project Report,

Minitab). Report on Shipping Data ( ).

[Enter].
2 Report on Shipping Data Histogram of delivery time

by center ( ).

Minitab

7-5

ReportPad
3 Histogram of

delivery time by center.

Font
().
4 Font ()

Arial. Font style

() Regular
(). Size ()
11. Color ()
Maroon
(-).
5 OK.

, .
Minitab,
, Minitab
ReportPad .

ReportPad. ReportPad,
Minitab.

7-6

Minitab

ReportPad (
) (RTF)
- (HTML),
.

RTF

RTF,
.

1 Project

Manager

ReportPad
Save Report
As (
).
2 ,

.
3 File name

( )
ShippingReport.
4 Save as type ( ) Rich Text

Format (.RTF). Save ().

,
ReportPad. , , ,
, .
ReportPad Move to Word Processor (
) Copy to Word Processor ( )
ReportPad ,
:

Minitab

7-7

Move to Word Processor ( )

ReportPad
ReportPad.
Copy to Word Processor ( )
ReportPad
ReportPad.

, Microsoft Word,
Send Section To Microsoft
Word ( Microsoft Word) Send Graph to Microsoft Word
( Microsoft Word).

1 Project Manager

ReportPad.
2 Copy to Word Processor (

).
3 File name ( ) Shipping Report.

,
Rich Text Format (.RTF).
4 Save ().

Minitab ,
, RTF.
Minitab .

Copy to Word Processor
( )

Minitab.

7-8

Minitab

Minitab

,
, ,
Minitab.
1 .

: .

Minitab

.
, Minitab.
2 .
3 Fill Pattern ( ) Custom

().
4 Type ()

5 Borders and Fill Lines ( )

Custom ().
6 Type () None (). OK.
7 , .

Minitab

7-9

Minitab .
Embedded graph editor ( )
.

Minitab.
1 Minitab File () Save Project

As ( ).
2 File name ( ) My_Reports.MPJ.
3 Save ().

7-10

Minitab

 Microsoft PowerPoint

Microsoft
PowerPoint
,
Microsoft Word PowerPoint.
PowerPoint.

PowerPoint

1 Window () Histogram of Days

( ).
2

Send Graph to Microsoft PowerPoint (

Microsoft PowerPoint). PowerPoint,
.

3 Minitab Window () Session ().

4 Results for Center =

Central.
Send Section to Microsoft PowerPoint ( Microsoft
PowerPoint).
5 4 Results for Center = Eastern Results for

Center = Western.

Minitab

7-11

Microsoft PowerPoint
. PowerPoint
, ,
.
Word PowerPoint,
:
1 .
2 .
3 Send Selected Lines to Microsoft Word (
Microsoft Word) Send Selected Lines to Microsoft PowerPoint
( Microsoft PowerPoint).
Word PowerPoint
Minitab .

Minitab.

Minitab. , ,
.

7-12

Minitab

, . 8-2;

Excel Minitab, . 8-2;

, . 8-4;

, . 8-5;

, . 8-6;

, . 8-6;

, . 8-8;

, . 8-8;

, . 8-9;

Calculator
(), . 8-9.

,
Minitab.

Minitab. Minitab :

Minitab;

Microsoft Excel.

Minitab :

Minitab

Minitab;
8-1

;
( ,
Excel ).

Minitab
.
,
.
,
Minitab (
ShippingData.MTW, 2 3).

Minitab,
ShippingData.MTW,
. .
:

Eastern Minitab;

Central Microsoft Excel;

Western .

,
Minitab.

Eastern, Minitab
Eastern.MTW.

1 ,

File () New (), Minitab Project (

Minitab) OK. ,
Minitab.
2 File () Open Worksheet ( ).
3 Look in Minitab Sample Data folder (

Minitab) .
4 Sample Data Meet Minitab

Eastern.MTW. Open ().

Minitab . ,
, Files of type ( )
Open Worksheet ( ).

8-2

Minitab

Excel

Central Excel.
Central Eastern,
Excel
Minitab.

File () Open
Worksheet (
).
2 Files of type

( )
Excel (.xls; .xlsx).
3

Central.XLS.
4 Merge

().
5

Open ().

Merge () Excel
. Minitab
C5C8. Merge (),
Minitab .

Minitab Merge Worksheets ( ),

.
Merge () . Merge Worksheets
( ) Minitab.

Minitab

8-3

Western ,
WordPad.
Western Eastern Central,
Minitab.

1 File () Open Worksheet (

).
2 Files of type ( ) Text (.txt).
3 Western.TXT.
4 Merge ().
5 Open ().

Merge ()
. Minitab

C9C12. Merge (), Minitab
.

Minitab, ,
, Preview (
) Open Worksheet ( ).
,
. Minitab
. . Text files (
) Minitab.

8-4

Minitab

, .
:

, Minitab
, . Data menu ( )
Minitab.

Project Manager.
Columns () Worksheets ( ) Project Manager.

.

Project Manager
[Ctrl]+[Alt]+[I].

Columns () .
.
, Eastern (C1C4) 109 ,
Central ( C5C8) 105 . Western C10 104
, 105.

.

Project Manager . Project Manager Toolbar (
Project Manager) Minitab.

Minitab

8-5

C10

.
:
.


Excel

,
Minitab




.



(). ,
Minitab (. C10).
Minitab ,
.

1 ,

, Editor
() Go To ().
2 Enter column number or name

( )
C10.
3 Enter row number ( ) 105.

OK.
4 105 C10 ().

[Enter].

Minitab. ,
.
Minitab , .
,
. ,
.
,
.
, Data () .

8-6

Minitab

1 Data

() Stack ()
Blocks of Columns (
).
2

Order (), Arrival ()

Status () Distance
().
Select (),

Stack two
or more blocks of columns on top
of each other (

).
.
3 2 order, arrival, status distance

Central Western.
4 Store stacked data in ( )

New worksheet ( ). Name ()

My_ShippingData.
5 Use variable names in subscript column (

).
6 OK.

. Order (Eastern center), Order_1 (Central center) Order_2 (Western center)
( ), ,
.

Minitab

8-7

Subscripts () ,
. ,
.

1 Data

() Code ()
Text to Text ( ).
2 Code data from columns

( )
Subscripts ().
3 Store coded data in

columns (
)
Subscripts ().
4

Original values (
) Order (). New ()
Eastern.
5 Original values ( )

Order_1. New () Central.

6 Original values ( )

Order_2. New () Western.

7 OK.
Eastern, Central Western.

, .

, .
2 C1. Subscripts

(), Center () [Enter].

3 :

8-8

C2 Order.

C3 Arrival.

C4 Status.

C5 Distance.

Minitab

,
, .
, ,
Minitab Calculator ().
.

Days () Arrival () Status ().

1 C4, .
2 Insert Columns

( ).
3 C4. Days ()

[Enter].

Calculator () Minitab
. Minitab
.
, .
Days ().

1 Calc

() Calculator
().
2 Store result in variable

(
) Days ().
3 Expression ()

Arrival Order.
4 Assign as

a formula ( ).
5 OK.
.
Formulas () Minitab.
Calculator ()
. Calculator () Minitab.
:
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