4

4 -
4.1.
GSM . 4.1

4.1
4.1

MSC/
VLR
GMSC
HLR
ILR
AUC
EIR
DTI
MC

Mobile services Station Center/ Visitor

Location Register
Gateway MSC
Home Location Register
Interworking Location Register
Authentication Center
Equipment Identity Register
Data Transmission Interface
Message Center

99

 GSM

4.2. MSC/VLR
4.2.1 Mobile Switching Center
MSC GSM.

MS.
:
. MSC
: ,
,

. MSC
, ,
MS , PSTN.
. MSC
. MSC
, ,
,
.
. MSC
(Call Barring, Call Forwarding if
Busy ..). (SMS)
MSC.
HLR. ,
MSC HLR
MS. HLR
MSC1.
VLR.
.
.
MSC.
,
MSC.
BSC. BSS
MS SS, BSS
BSC, MSC. MSC

MSC BSC. MSC
BSC ,
1

MSC GMSC. MSC HLR

.
100

,
BSC.
. MSC
(ISP - Internet Service Provider)
, PSTN.
MSC , ,
.
, , ,
TIGRIS Ericsson.
MSC, .

. 4.2 GSM/PSTN ( )

. 4.3
4.2.2 Visitor Location Register
VLR GSM
, MSC.
, MSC VLR.
, MSC HLR (
) ,
.

101

 GSM

. 4.4 HLR VLR

MS MSC/VLR
:
1. VLR () , ,
MS (
IMSI).
2. , VLR MS,
HLR .
3. HLR VLR,
. HLR VLR
MS .
4. VLR ,
MS (LAI) (IDLE).
VLR MS MSC
MS, :

(IMSI, MSDISDN).
, .
MS (LA).
MS.
().

4.2.3 Gateway MSC

4.2.3.1 GMSC
GMSC , HLR
MS.
MS.

102

, (PSTN),
GSM, PSTN
GSM GMSC. GMSC,
, HLR ,
MSC/VLR
.
MS MS.
4.2.3.2 GMSC
MSC GMSC,

HLR ,
. MSC GMSC ,
HLR.
GMSC:
1. HLR MSRN.
2.
.

4.2.4 Home Location Register

HLR (),
PLMN. HLR
,
. HLR
, . , HLR,
:

(IMSI, MSDISDN).

, .

MS ( MSC/VLR).

().
HLR :

,
. HLR ,

,
. HLR
.
.
103

 GSM

MSC. HLR
MS MSC, MS,
(
MSRN).
GMSC. GMSC MS
HLR MS, HLR
MSRN, MSC.
MSISDN, GMSC , HLR
, MS.
AUC. HLR , -

,
() AUC.
VLR/ILR. MS
MSC, VLR
MS HLR, . HLR
VLR ,
VLR,
,
.
HLR , MSC/VLR,
.
.
4.2.5 Interworking Location Register
ILR
. ILR D-AMPS
GSM 1900 (PCS, ). ILR HLR
D-AMPS VLR GSM
.
D-AMPS, D-AMPS-
HLR ILR. GSM
1900, HLR VLR ILR,
, .
4.2.6
EIR

AUC

,
. ,
104

GSM ,
:
.
.

, .
, MS,
. MS ,
MS.
MS.
GSM,
MS. , MS,
, .
. ,
MS
MS (IMSI) ,
, .
,
, "
" - TMSI (Temporary Mobile Station
Identity)/ (,
),
IMSI. TMSI
. TMSI
.
, TMSI
(LAI),
TMSI .
AUC EIR. ,
MSC/VLR .
4.2.6.1 AUC
AUC ,
MSC/VLR
,
MS.
, AUC,
:
1. Random Number (RAND);
2. - Signed Response (SRES);
3. Ciphering Key ().
105

 GSM

4.2.6.2
(
) (Ki).
AUC
IMSI. .
SIM. AUC
:
1. RAND;
2. RAND Ki SRES Kc
A3 A8 .
3. RAND, SRES K HLR .

AUC

RAND

IMSI Ki

Ki

RAN
A3

A8

HLR
(IMSI)

SRES
Kc

RAND - ;
SRES - ;

- ;
Ki
-
IMSI -

. 4.5 AUC

106

4.2.6.3
1. MSC/VLR RAND MS.
2. MS, Ki RAND, SRES,
A3.
3. MS, Ki RAND, Kc RAND
A8. Kc MS .
4. SRES MSC/VLR,
, , SRES, MS,
SRES, AUC. MS
,
.

. 4.6
.
.
:
-

;


.
4.2.6.4

,
, BTS MS,
.

TDMA,
4. ,
107

 GSM

..

.
().

. 4.7
1. M ( : 5/1 5/2) Kc MSC/VLR
BTS.
2. M MS.
3. MS , ( , SRES
) TDMA,
4.
4. BTS.
5. BTS ,
TDMA 4.
6. ,
MSC. ,
.
4.2
GSM.

108

4.2 -
GSM.

1
3
4

( SIM)

(SIM)
(AUC)
HLR

VLR

6
7

(MSC)
(BSC)

5
A3; 8; IMSI; Ki;
TMSI/LAI; Kc
A3; 8; IMSI/Ki
IMSI/RAND/SRES/Kc
IMSI/RAND/SRES/Kc,
IMSI/TMSI/LAI/Kc
5, TMSI/IMSI/Kc
5, TMSI/IMSI/Kc

4.2.6.5 EIR

MS
IMEI. :

. 4.8 IMEI
TAC Type Approval Code. .
FAC Final Assembly Code. ,
.
SNR
Serial
Number.

.
TAC FAC
Spare .

. MS,
0.
IMEI
1. MSC/VLR IMEI MS.
2. MS IMEI MSC.
3. MSC/VLR IMEI EIR.
4. IMEI, EIR :
.
,

109

 GSM

. IMEI,
GSM.
. ( ) IMEI
, .
5. IMEI MSC/VLR, ,
.

. 4.9

4.2.7
4.2.7.1 DTI
DTI GSM
(Inter-Working Function - IWF).
, .
:
/ PSTN. DTI
, GSM
, (0,3 3,4 )
/ ISDN.
,
.
/ PDN. DTI
(CS GSM) (
X.25).
.
PLMN DTI
(Circuit Switching).
HSCSD.
(HSCSD) ( 4-)
(1 TS - 9.6 /,
14.4 /).

110

4.2.8 (MC)
4.2.8.1 MC
, ,
, MC,
:
;
;
(Short Message Service SMS);


.

, .
,
. MS
, ,
,
..
, . ,
,
( ).

, . ,
,
.

.
(SMS)
160 -
(MS), .
SMS
GSM (
CDMA D-AMPS
). ,
MS .
111

 GSM

, SMS , SMS
. SMS , ,
. , GMSC
.
SMS GMSC.
.
MS.

112