11

GSM

11
11.1
11.1.1 :
11.1.1.1

.
. ,
, ,
-, , ,


.
11.1.1.2


.
,
.
11.1.1.3 ( )
,
, .
11.1.1.4
(GoS - Grade of Service) -
, ,


.
, ,
:

B . =

AN
AZ
Z =0 Z !
N

N !
210

 11

, N ; A , ;
:

A=

n T
3600

, n - , , 1
3600 .; T- , ;
,

5%, 0.015
. , ,
( + )
0.025 2%.
, , ,
(0.007 0.016) .
, ,
, 11.1.

211

 GSM

11.1 -

212

 11

11.1.1.5
,
()
BSS. :

;
.

,

BSS ()
,
.
,
.

.

.
, ,

, .
11.1.1.6
.
:

(GOS);
RX Quality;
SQI (Speech Quality Index).

11.1.1.7
:

, ;

213

 GSM

PSTN PLMN.

.
BSS
.
. 3
:

(3.5 35) ;

1 (0.5 3.5) ;

0.5 .

,
,
.
11.1.1.8
PLMN :

.
, ,
, ;

, , ,
.

,
.
214

 11

11.1.2

,
. BS ,
.
11.1.2.1 BS
, :

,
. ,
.
BS ,
GSM 1800 ,
.
,

(HR) .
BS
.
Ericsson
GSM 900/1800.
11.2

GSM 1800
,

BS, .
.
2.7
4.0
5
7.5
22

33

GSM 900

,
3.7
8.1
27

BS, .
5.6
12.2
41

BS
.

215

 GSM

, , BS
,
.
11.1.2.2
,
, ,
, . 11.2.

. 11.2
,
.
11.1.2.3
, ,
, .

216

 11

.
,

,
"-", . ,
, :

BS;

BS;

.
,
, 11.3.
11.3 Allgon 7331.06.

3
3

16 dBi
450
90
650
300

. 11.3 .

217

 GSM

. 11.3
Allgon 7331.06
900 .
11.1.2.4
().
, (
, , ..). ,
,
.
, 11.4,
, . . 11.5.
218

 11

. 11.4

. 11.5
, , GSM
.
.
C/R Carrier-to-Reflection (
R).

.
- .
, GSM 35 .
(Time Alignment).
, ,
Extended Range,

TDMA TA, , ,
72 .
219

 GSM

11.1.2.5
,

.
, ,
,
.
11.1.2.6
,

. , , .

. ,
(/I, /A).
/I - Carrier to Interference. .

. 11.6
/A Carrier to Adjacent.
(+/- 200, 400 ).

220

 11

. 11.7
, GSM:

: C/I < 9 dB;

, (+/-200 ): C/A < -9 dB;

, (+/-400 ): C/A < -41 dB;

,

.
.

.

,
,
GSM.
:
1.

-
;
2.
,
.

221

 GSM

11.1.2.7 GSM 900

.
.

.
, ,
.
,
, ,

.
,
.
,
, D,
" ".

.
,
.
, 21 , . 11.8
, 1/21
. 1,
2, 3, G1, G2, G3
1, 2, 3, G1, G2, G3,
, .
1, 1, 1
2, .
,
,
.
7/21 11.8.
:
N

N c - ;
N

- .

222

 11

,
1/3.

11.8 7/21, k=4.58

D,
C/I. C/I
. ETSI
GSM , C/I 9 ,
Ericsson, GSM
, 12 .

:
k - (
);
qs - ,
R, :

qs =

Ds
= 3 k ,
R

D
,
C/I.
223

 GSM

,
, .
GSM qs

qs =

D
= 3 k = 3
R

3R. , C/I
12 , 6 .
C/I :

1
/ I = 10 log( qs ) ,
j
j ;
qs - ;
- MS BS
11.4
.

3.5

, 7 ( = 7), 6 (j = 6 ),
D1 = 4.58 R1 .
, ;
1
1
1
/ I = 10 log( qs ) = 10 log( ( 3 k ) ) = 10 log( ( 3 7) 4 ) = 18.6
6
j
j

,

k > 3 , . 11.8.
6
, C/I .

224

 11

.
11.1.3

, ,
,
BS,
- .

:

GPS ;

( ,
).
;

TEMS ERICSSON.

225

 GSM

11.1.3.1
,

(, ).
, , ,
.
,
. ,
.
, ,
, :

(, );

11.1.3.2
,
, , - ,
..
("
45.162-2001").
:

, , .

11.1.3.3

, . ,
, 20 40 .
.
226

 11

, ,
15% , ,
.
,
.
,

( ).
, , ,
,
, , 0, 120, 240.
,
, ,
, - - .
11.1.3.4
:

2
:
1. 2.
12 - 18 4 5 GSM 900 2 3
GSM 1800.
2. .
12 18 5, 20 25
GSM 900 10 15 GSM 1800.

, .
GSM .
227

 GSM

GSM 900 :
1. 0.4 .
2. 0.2 .
11.1.3.5


. ,
, ,
. GSM 900
5 .
,
- , , ,
, , , ,
.
, - ,
, ,
35 50 .
11.1.3.6

,
, . ,
.
, , .
, ,
, , ,
.
11.1.3.7

,
. ,

.
228

 11

11.1.3.8
GSM BTS
BSC. BTS BSC :

11.1.3.9
,
,
.
.
11.1.4

, :

MSC;

BSC;

,
,
(BTS, BSC, MSC).
BSC (Cell Design Data).
.
11.1.5
,
.
,
BTS.
. , ,
229

 GSM

BTS.

,
,
.

11.2
11.2.1
,
, ,
.
,
. , ,
, ,
, ,

.

.
, , ,
, , . ,

( , ,
). , -
, ,
, ,
.
,

.
11.2.1.1
,
:

230

 11

,
;

();

,

;

11.2.1.2

( )
.

:
.
,
( ,
);
.
()
,
:
( ); ,
,
;
.
.
,
.

, ,
, ,
231

 GSM

,
.
11.2.1.3 TEMS Investigation
11.5 TEMS

, dBm

, dBm

TEMS 98
(Ericsson GH 688)

5 33

110 -47

TEMS 3.2
(Ericsson R520m)

5 33

110 -47

/
,
890 - 915/
935 - 960
890 - 915/
935 - 960,
1710-1785/
1805-1880

TEMS ,

.
Ericsson GH688, Ericsson R520m, Ericsson
T68, ETSI.
TEMS, Test Mobile System,
(Test Mobile Software)
(Test Mobile Station). TEMS
,
MS GPS.
, TEMS ,
MS
BTS.

, , .

GSM
, , .
11.9.

232

 11

11.9 TEMS Investigation 3.2

,
:

2- S;

, 2, 3- ;

;
233

 GSM

MS;

SIM ;

SMS- ;

Rx Quality
;

, FER (Frame Erase Ratio);

, Cl C2;

SQI (Speech Quality Index);

C/I C/A;

, ,
;

MS BS
;

11.2.2
-,
,
. , TEMS,
.
:
1. (TCH)
(SDCCH);
2. (congestion) (TCH)
(SDCCH);
3. ( , ,
.. );
4. .
, ,
.
, .
234

 11

11.3

, ,
, .
GSM 1800
GSM 900
,
, .

GSM 900/1800
.

235