7

GENERAL PACKET RADIO SERVICE

 GSM

7 - General Packet Radio Service (GPRS).

GPRS GSM
.
GPRS
, GSM.
,
. GPRS
,
.
GPRS ,
GSM
, GPRS
.
. , GPRS
.

7.1 GPRS
GPRS.
GPRS GSM,
GSM .
GPRS ,
GPRS .
GPRS

GSM,
BSC,
(. . 7.1).
GSM :
GPRS Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)
GPRS Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN).
.
GPRS, , ,
GPRS, SGSN GGSN.
SGSN GGSN.
, GPRS
GSM GPRS .

135

 7 General Packet Radio Service

. 7.1 GPRS ( BSS, CSS PSS)

SSGN G (Gb, Gr ..),
ETSI.
. UMTS
(3G) I (Iu, Iur ..).

7.2 GPRS
MS, GPRS.
: MS GPRS
GSM. MS /
.
: MS GPRS
GSM, /
,
.

: MS
GSM GPRS.

136

 GSM

7.3 (BSS)
GPRS MS,
BSS. BSS
: ,
.
GPRS BTS
.
BSS ,
,
, MSC.
GPRS.

7.4 (CSS)
CSS SS GSM,
(. 1, 1.7:
GSM).
GPRS
MSC,
GSM/GPRS, , MS (Attach):
IMSI/GPRS.
GPRS GMSC.
HLR ,
, , GPRS. , HLR
, ,
. , ,
/ GPRS ,
(Access Point Name APN)
(Internet Service Provider ISP), , MS
IP .
GPRS HLR PDP (Packet
Data Protocol) . HLR 5 PDP
. HLR SGSN.
HLR,
SGSN.
HLR GPRS
.
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 7 General Packet Radio Service

AUC - GPRS.
AUC GPRS ,
SGSN.
SMS-IW-MSC MS GPRS
SMS GPRS. SMS-IW-MSC
GPRS.

7.5
(Billing Gateway BGw).
BGw GPRS
, GPRS
.
GPRS
,
. ,
/ , .
GPRS
,
.

.
SGSN
GGSN, , MSC
CDR .
CDR :
S-CDR,
SGSN.
G-CDR,
GGSN.
CDR, ,
GPRS.
GPRS SCDR G-CDR.
BGw
. BGw
,
,
138

 GSM

,
.

,
.

7.6 (PSS)
PSS , GPRS.
(IP).
, GSN (GPRS Support Node).
GPRS:
GPRS (SGSN) GPRS (GGSN).
SGSN GSM, ,
MSC/BSC, GGSN
, ,
.
GPRS
GPRS SGSN GGSN,
GPRS.
.
7.6.1 GPRS (SGSN)
SGSN GPRS, . 7.2.
BSC, MSC/VLR, SMS-G HLR.
(backbone network)
GGSN SGSN.

139

 7 General Packet Radio Service

SMS-G/IW MSC
Gd

BSC

HLR

MSC/VLR

Gr
Gs
Gb

PSS
Gi

SGSN

GGSN

Gn

BGw

ISP
Network

Gn

Gi

Backbone
Network

Corporate
Network

. 7.2 SGSN
SGSN GPRS,
SGSN. SGSN GPRS ,
, MSC GSM.
, MS,
.. GPRS
SGSN .
SGSN.
GPRS SGSN .
MS ( Mobility Management).
, , IMSI
GPRS, ,
,
GSM GPRS, .

. MS ,
SGSN ,
SGSN GPRS.
Location Area GPRS.
GPRS Routing Area RA.
, LA GSM, RA GPRS. RA
140

 GSM

LA. RA
LA.

PLMN,
PLMN. SGSN Gs
MSC/VLR MS A B,
:
- / GPRS/IMSI.
attach SGSN, SGSN
MSC/VLR .

. MS Gs
.
-
.

MS

GSM/GPRS , MSC/VLR
SGSN.
.
,
GPRS
GPRS.
- (
LA RA) GSM
GPRS. MS
, LA MSC
RA SGSN.
RA, SGSN Gs MSC
LA.
.
(Session Management SM)
GPRS
PDP .
SM
(PDP),
.
PDP
,
MS GGSN.
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 7 General Packet Radio Service

SGSN , :
- PDP - ,
PDP .
- PDP. PDP .
IPv7.
- PDP. IP
MS.
- APN (Access Point Name). , ,
: wap.beeline.ru
- QoS (Quality of Service) . QoS, ,
,
( ).
PDP SGSN , -
PDU ( ) MS MS.
SGSN PDP
, .

SGSN .
SGSN , ISP
(Internet Service Provider)
( APN).

: SGSN GGSN.
IP
, ,
.
IP, GPRS.
, ,
GPRS,
GPRS. GPRS
: RIP v2, OSPF v2, BGP
v7.

OSPF v2.

142

 GSM

( , SMS),
( /,
PDP ).
GPRS
ETSI S-CDR (SGSN), G-CDR (GGSN) SMS CDR.
CDR :
- S-CDR: MS, (RA),
RA, , SGSN
, ,
, .
- G-CDR: , ,
, .
- CDR ,
CDR, Mobility
Management, , PDP ,
.
CDR GPRS.
CDR GPRS ,
15 , .

CDR-, 72 .
:
-

(, );
CDR;
CDR;
(RAM);
(RAM);
.

GGSN
SGSN GGSN ( ) PDP
, APN .
(Domain Name Server - DNS)
GGSN, APN. SGSN
143

 7 General Packet Radio Service

GTP (GPRS tunneling protocol)

GGSN .

PSS
ISP
Network
SGSN
wap.beeline.ru

GGSN

Gn

Gi

Gn

Gn

Gi

GTP
Tunnel

Backbone
Network

Wap.Beeline.
ru

DNS

. 7.3 GGSN
7.6.2 GPRS (GGSN)
GGSN IP
. GGSN
, , ISP RADIUS,
. IP
GGSN IP ,
GPRS. SGSN
GGSN.

GGSN
GGSN GPRS:
IP.
GGSN IP
. RADIUS
DHCP IP .
IP.

IP. GPRS
(VPN).
144

 GSM

IP .

, .
,
IP.

IP SGSN,
GGSN ( , ).
IPv4 IPSEC,
MD5
(ESP),
(DES-CBC).
(,

..)
.
. SGSN.
.
GGSN (
, PDP ).
SGSN. .
.
GGSN CDR MS. CDR

,
.

7.7 GPRS
SMS GPRS
SGSN Gd SMSGMSC SMS-IW-MSC. SMS GPRS
SGSN, MSC/VLR.

145

 7 General Packet Radio Service

SMS GPRS
,
SMS .
MS, GPRS,
GPRS. MS,
GPRS, GSM,

GPRS.
MS, GPRS,
GSM,
GPRS, GSM. SMS
GPRS,
MS
SMS SGSN.
SMS
GPRS:
1. SMS-C , MS. SMS-C
SMS-GMSC.
2. SMS-GMSC HLR
SMS (
: SGSN MSC SGSN MSC,
).
3. HLR ,
SGSN,
MS, MSC
. MSC,
SMS
GSM.
4. SGSN, SMS-GMSC
SMS SGSN.
5. SGSN SMS MS,
SMS-C.

7.8 GPRS
.
GPRS
(PS). ,
GPRS, , PDCH.
146

 GSM

,
(PSD Packet Switch Domain).
, CSD (Circuit Switch
Domain).
PDCH
CS. PDCH
PCU (Packet Control Unit).
PDCH
GPRS. / TBF
Temporary Block Flow. MS TBF,
uplink,
downlink. TBF , TFI
Temporary Flow Identity.
TBF MS PDCH.
GPHS PDCH,
PSET MS. PDCH
( 4-) .
, PSD
PDCH.
GPRS.
GSM 10 .
. ,
, PCH
, BCCH
.
GPRS .
,
GSM.
, Packet
, , GPRS. , ,
GPRS PPCH Packet Paging Channel.
GPRS PTCCH
(Packet Timing advance Control Channel). TA,
. GSM ,
, SACCH.
147

 7 General Packet Radio Service

. 7.4 GPRS
PBCCH
Packet Broadcast Control Channel , BCCH GSM,

.
PBCCH, GPRS
BCCH.
PPCH
Packet Paging Channel ,
downlink MS
. PPCH
,
.
PPCH
GPRS
I (NOM=1).
PRACH
Packet Random Access Channel, uplink.
PRACH MS uplink
.
PAGCH

148

 GSM

Packet Access Granted Channel downlink

. MS .
PNCH
Packet Notification Channel downlink
(PTM-M Point-toMultipoint Multicast) MS PTM-M.
PNCH DRX. DRX
GPRS 1.
PACCH
Packet Associated Control Channel
MS.

. PACCH
.
PDTCH, MS. ,
MS,
, , MS
, .
PTCCH/U
Packet Timing advance Control Channel
uplink Access Burst,
MS, .
PTCCH/D
Packet Timing advance Control Channel
downlink
MS. PTCCH/D PTCCH/U.
PDTCH
.
PTM-M, MS .
, MS
PDTCH .
,
PDTCH/U uplink, PDTCH/D
downlink.

149