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1947) [History of Ethnological Theory] (1937),
[Wilhelm Schmidt, The Origin and
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[Ugo Bianchi, Storia della Etnologia] (1963).

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1
Ernst Benz, On Understanding Non-Christian Religions, in: Mircea Eliade and Joseph M. Kitagawa (eds.),
The History of Religions: Essays in Methodology (Chicago, 1959), p. 131.
2
; .,
: Fransis L..Hsu, Rethinking the Concept Primitive. Current Anthropology, V (June, 1964),
p. 169178. .
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. . : Stanley Diamond, The Search for the Primitive, .: Man's Image in
Medicine and Anthropology, ed. by I.Galdston (New York, 1963), p. 62115.
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11
George Taplin, The Narrinyeri: An Account of the Tribe of Australian Aborigines Inhabiting the Country
around the Lakes Alexandrina, Albert, and Coorong (Adelaide, 1847), p. 55; : A.W.Howitt, The
Native Tribes of South-East Australia (London: Macmillan, 1904), p. 488 ( Howitt, Native Tribes.)
: Wilhelm Schmidt, Ursprung
der Gottesidee, I (2d ed.; Mnster, 1926), 328,399 ff., 408 ( Schmidt, Ursprung).
12
Taplin, The Narrinyeri, . 55; : A.W.Howitt, Native Tribes, p. 488489.
13
Howitt, Native Tribes, p. 489.
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Ibid., . 630. . : .Eliade, Birth and Rebirth (New York: Harper, 1958), p. 1031;
: Rites and Symbols of Initiation (New York: Harper Torchbooks);
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20
Howitt, Native Tribes, p. 494.
21
Ibid., p. 495.
22
Ibid., p. 500.
23
Ibid., p. 501 ff.
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24
., , .. JAI: On Some Australian Beliefs (XIII, 1884); The
Jeraeil, or Initiation Ceremonies of the Kurnai Tribe (XIV, 1885); On the Migration of the Kurnai Ancestors (XV,
1886); On Australian Medicine Men (XVI, 1887).
25
, - ,
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Schmidt, Ursprung, I, p, 249 ff.
26
. : .S.Hartland, The High Gods of Australia. Folk-lore, IX (1898), p. 230329
27
Andrew Lang, Australian Gods: A Reply. Folk-lore, X (1899), p. 14.
28
E.S.Hartland, Australian Gods: Rejoinder. Folk-lore, X (1899), p. 50.
(Ursprung, I, 273311)
[Die Kritik der Theorie Langs], . [Der
monotheistic Pr-animismus A.Langs]. : Raffaelle Pettazzoni,
Dio: Formazione e sviluppo del monoteismo nella storia delle religioni (Rome, 1922), I, p. 4350. . ,
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29
Andrew Lang, God (Primitive and Savage). In: J. Hastings (ed.), Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, VI
(Edinburgh, 1913), p. 243247. ,
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30
J.G.Frazer, Totemism and Exogamy, I (London, 1910), p. 148.
31
. : Lang, Australian Gods, p. 26 ff., 28 ff.
(Ursprung, I, p. 151152 ; 304 ff., 358 ff.
).
32
A.P.L.Cameron, Notes on Some Tribes of New South Wales. JAI, XIV (1885), p. 351 ff.
33
Lang, God (Primitive and Savage), p. 245a.
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CM. s.v., Australier.
43
, . ,
X.: Robert H.Lowie, The History of Ethnological Theory (New York, 1937), p. 77 ff.; idem,
Primitive Religion (New York, 1924), p. 127131,167169.
44
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. . Eliade, The History of Religions in Retrospect: 19121962. Journal of Bible and Religion,
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. Pettazzoni, Op. cit., I, p. 43 ff. , ; 60 ff. .
: A. van Gennep, Mythes et lgendes d'Australie (Paris, 1906). ,
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53
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54
. Pettazzoni, Op. cit., I, p. 67 ff., 355 if. ..
Dio, Supreme God in the Polytheistic
Religions ( ) Unique God in the Monotheistic Religions
( ) (I, p. XVI). 1955 .
: L'Onniscienza di Dio (Torino); . . 507512.
55
., : Schmidt, Ursprung, I, p. 270273, 670674; Anthropos XXI (1926), p. 269272; The
Origin and Growth of Religion, .. (New York, 1931), p. 209214.
56
., : R.Pettazzoni, Monoteismo e Urmonoteismo. Studi e materiali di storia delle
religioni, XIX-XX (19431946), p. 170177; : idem, Das Ende des Urmonotheismus? Numen, III (1956),
19561959; Numen, V (1958), p. 161163.
57
R.Pettazzoni, The Supreme Being: Phenomenological Structure and Historical Development. In: M.
Eliade and J.M.Kitagawa (eds.), The History of Religions: Essays in Methodology (Chicago, 1959), p. 60.
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F.Graebner, Das Weltbild der Primitiven (Munich, 1924), p. 2527, :

Schmidt, The Origin and Growth of Religion, p. 247248. : Zur australischen
Religions-geschichte. Globus, 96 (1909), p. 341 ff., 362 ff.;
, .
. . : Rudolph
F.Lehmann, Die Religionen Australiens und der Sdsee, 19111930. Archiv fr Religionswissenschaft, XXIX
(1931), p. 139186.
59
R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1965),
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..Elkin, The Australian Aborigines (1938; 3d ed., Sydney: Agnus and Robertson, 1954; New
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(. M.Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 99 ff.).
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Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 224.

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.G.H.Strehlow, Personal Monototemism in a Polytotemic Community, Festschrift fr Ad. E.Jensen, II
(Munich, 1964), 723754 ( Strehlow, Personal Monototemism.). . : idem, Aranda Traditions
(Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 1947); La gmelit de lme humaine, La Tour Saint-Jacques (Paris,
1957), 1112 (Numro special sur la magie), p. 1423.
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Strehlow, Personal Monototemism, p. 726.
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Ibid., p. 650 ff. .: .A.Worms, Initiationsfeiern. Annali Lateranensi, II (1938),
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Legenden. Annali Lateranensi, Vol. IV (1940).
82
Worms, Djamar, the Creator, p. 650; . : E.A.Worms, Djamar and His Relation to Other Culture
Heroes. Anthropos, XLVII (1952), p. 539560.
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W.E.H.Stanner, On Aboriginal Religion, VI. Oceania, XXXIII (1963); . . 264 ( : Oceania
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.
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, 87.

,
.
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.
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87
. X.: Charles H.Long, The West African High God:

History and Religious Experience. History of Religions, III (Winter, 1964), p. 328342.
.
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,
.
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, .

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90.
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88
Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 38 ff, 49 ff.

W.E.H.Stanner, The Dreaming. B: T.A.G.Hungerford (ed.), Australian Signposts (Melbourne, 1956),
p. 5165; : William A.Lessa and Even Z.Vogt, Reader in Comparative Religion (New York:
Harper&Row, 1958), p. 513523; . . 514. . .
90
R.M and C.H.Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 188; . . 187
, Dreaming.
:
Myth of the Eternal Return ( . New York: Pantheon, 1954; : Cosmos and
History: The Myth of the Eternal Return [New York: Harper&Row, 1959]).
89
, ,
.

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; 91.
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92.
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,
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Personal Monototemism, p. 728]. ,
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( . 729).
,
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91
.G.H.Strehlow, Personal Monototemism in a Polytotemic Community. Festschrift fr Ad. E.Jensen

(Munich, 1964), p. 723754; . . 727 ( Strehlow, Personal Monototemism.)
92
Ibid., p. 727. , , .
93
, , , ( ibid.,
p. 741).
94. , ,
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94
Ibid., p. 729. Strehlow, Aranda Traditions, p. 36 ff., .

, ,
,
, [Strehlow, Personal Monototemism,
p. 729].
96
Ibid., p. 729. Cf. Strehlow, Aranda Traditions, p. 42 ff., .
, , ,
, : ;
; !
95
; 2) ; 3)
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97
,
. Cf. M.Eliade, Notes on the Symbolism of the Arrow. : Religions in
Antiquity, Essays in Memory of E.R.Goodenough (Leiden, 1968), p. 463475.
98
, - :
, , , : (
) , ,
; , ,
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, - [Strehlow, Aranda Traditions, p. 2829].
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,
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99
Spenser and Gillen, The Arunta, I, p. 355 ff., . 360. [Strehlow, Aranda Traditions,
p. 78] : ,
(. ). (op. cit., p. 307 ff.)
: ().

; cf. L.Adam, Anthropomorphe Darstellungen auf australischen Ritualgerten. Anthropos, LIII
(1958); . . 36 ff.
100
Spenser and Gillen, The Arunta, p. 382. .: Strehlow, Aranda Traditions,
p. 77 ff.
101
Spenser and Gillen, The Arunta, p. 388. .:
Ernesto de Martino, Agnoscia territoriale e riscatto culturale nel mito Achilpa delle origini. Studi e Materiali di
Storia delle Religioni, XXIII (1952), p. 5266.
.
.
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103. , ,
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;
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; , (ab origine).
, , .
, , ,
102
Ralph Piddington, Karadjeri Initiation. Oceania, III (19321933), p. 4687; idem, An Introduction to
Social Anthropology (Edinburgh: Oliver&Boyd, 1950), p. 91105.
:
, ; .:
.Spencer, Native Tribes of the Northern Territory of Australia (London: Macmillan, 1914), p. 214 ff., 270 ff., 295
305.
103
Strehlow, Aranda Traditions, p. 35.
, . ,
:
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,
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, in extenso108,
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109
. (
.) ,
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;
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104
W.E.H.Stanner, On Aboriginal Religion. Oceania Monographs, 11 (Sydney, 1963), p. 254

Spencer and Gillen, The Northern Tribes of Central Australia, p. 249.
106
, ,
. , ,
(. . .).
107
Ibid., p. 252253.
108
, (.) (. .).
109
,
. , , ( ); .:
A.L.Kroeber, Handbook of the Indians of California. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bull. LXXVIII
(Washington, D.C. 1925), p. 754757; idem. Seven Mohave Myths. Anthropological Records, XI, 1 (1948), p. 4
8.
105
, .

, , , ,
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110.
,
(anamnesis):
:
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, ab origine,
.

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; [. , 81].
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in illo tempore; ,
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110

Ibid., p. 93.
112
M.Eliade, Myth and Reality (New York: Harper&Row, 1963), p. 124.
111
, ,
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113.
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114. 115
.

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Ibid.
115
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116
Ibid., p. 124.
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120.
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;
117
R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 227231. .

: Spencer and Gillen, The Northern Tribes of Central Australia, p. 167 ff., 283 ff.
. .
118
119
Ibid., p. 200.
120
R.M. and ..Berndt, The First Australians (Sydney: Ure Smith, 1952), p. 7879.
: , -, .
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121
Ibid., p. 59.
Cp. Helmut Petri, Das Weltende im Glauben australischer Eingeborenen. Paideuma, IV (1950),
p. 349362.
123
R.M. and ..Berndt, The First Australians, p. 9899.
122
,
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124
125
Andreas Lommel, Die Unambal: Ein Stamm in Nordwest-Australien (Hamburg, 1952).

Ibid., p. 10.
126. , ,
127 , .

.
in concreto128 .
(
). ,
. 129.
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131.
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126
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127
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128
(.) (. .)
129
Ibid., p. 1112. , ,
. ,
. .: ibid., p. 12.
130
. : ibid., p. 15 ff. . .
131
Lommel, Die Unambal, p. 13. , ,
. ,
. . : ibid., p. 39 (
).
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133, .
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132
Ibid., . 20.
(. . .).
134
Helmut Petri, Sterbende Welt in Nordwest-Australien (Braunschweig, 1954), p. 98 ff.
133
. .
, .
.
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135, .
,
136.
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. , 137,
,
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, .
, 139.
,
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140.
: , ;
, , ,
, ; 141
, , ,

142.
135
Ibid., p. 116.
.
137
Petri, Sterbende Welt, p. 116.
138
Ibid., p. 119 ff.
139
Ibid., p. 118. ,
; .: Mythology in Northern Kimberley, North-West Australia. Oceania, IX (1939),
p. 382402; . . 396.
140
, .
. ,
. , , ,
[Petri, Sterbende Welt, p. 128].
141
,
: , .
, ; .
142
Petri, Sterbende Welt, p. 132 ff., 139 ff.
136
,
. ,
();
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,
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,

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.

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, 143.

,
.

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.
,
, .
, ,
.
, - 144.
-
,
, .
145
143
Ibid., p. 147. . : .Hernndez, Myths and Symbols of the Drysdale River Aborigines.
Oceania, XXXII (19611962), p. 113127, ()
.
144
145
26 27 1838 . (.
Journals of Two Expeditions of Discoveries (London, 1841) I, p. 201204, 213
215). ,
.. (1901), X. (1916) .. (1921). 1928 .

, ; .:
..Elkin, Rock Paintings of North-West Australia. Oceania, I (December, 1930), p. 257279; idem, Studies in
Australian Totemism. Oceania Monographs, 2 (Sydney, 1933), p. 6773.
1947 . X.; .: ..Elkin, Grey's Northern Kimberley Cave-Paintings Re-found. Oceania, XIX
(September, 1948), p. 115.
. , -, [Elkin,
Grey's Northern Kimberley Cave-Paintings Re-found, p. 9]; , 27 ,
, , - (ibid.,
p. 1011). .: .A.Worms, Contemporary and Prehistoric Rock Paintings in
Central and Northern Kimberley. Anthropos, L (1955), p. 546566; A.P.Elkin, The Origin and Interpretation of
.

, . , , , .
( ), ,
146. ()
. .. ,
,
-, -, - ().
; 147.
.. ,
-; 148.
, , , ,
149. 150,
: , .
; ,
. , , , -,
. 151,
.
. - (
) ; .
, , .
, . ,
, , -, .
,

.
, - 152
, ,
. , , ,
Petroglyphs in South-East Australia. Oceania, XX (19491950), p. 119157; A.P.Elkin and C.H. and
R.M.Berndt, Art in Arnhem Land (Melbourne, 1956), p. 757; Charles P.Mountford, Art, Myth and Symbolism. In:
idem, Records of the American-Australian Scientific Expedition to Arnhem Land ( Records), Vol. I
(Melbourne, 1956), cf. R.M.Berndt, The Mountford Volume on Aboriginal Art. Mankind, V, October, 1958,
p. 249261; A.P.Elkin, Art and Meaning: A Review Article. Oceania, XXXIII (September, 1961), p. 5458;
F.D.McCarthy, The Cave Paintings of Groote Eylandt and Chasm Island. In: Mountford, Records, II (Melbourne,
1960), p. 297414. Cp. : W.Arndt, The Interpretation of the Delemere Lightning Paintings and Rock
Engravings. Oceania, XXXII (March, 1962), p. 163177.
146
A.Capell, Mythology in the Northern Kimberley, p. 389 ff., 403.
147
Worms, Contemporary and Prehistoric Rock Paintings, p. 549550.
148
Elkin, Rock Paintings of North-West Australia, p. 263; 269, n. 8.
149
Ibid, p. 276.
150
151
, , (. Adam,
Anthropomorphe and Darstellungen, p. 22, n. 44). ,
, ,
, , (. Elkin, Grey's Northern
Kimberley Cave-Paintings Re-found, p. 12). ,
[Elkin, Rock-Paintings of North-West Australia, p. 278].
152
A.R.Radcliff-Brown, The Rainbow-Serpent Myth of Australia. Journal of the Royal Anthropological
Institute, LVI (1926), p. 1926; idem, The Rainbow-Serpent Myth in South-East Australia. Oceania, I (1930),
p. 342347; Ursula McConnel, The Rainbow-Serpent in North Queensland. Oceania, I, 1930, p. 347349; Elkin,
The Rainbow-Serpent Myth in North-West Australia. Oceania, I, (1930), p. 349352; Ralph Piddington, The
Water-Serpent in Karadjeri Mythology. Oceania, I (1930), p. 352354. . : John Loewenstein, Rainbow
and Serpent. Anthropos, LVI (1961), p. 3140.
:
;
, . - ab
initio ( ). ; , , .
. -
. ,
, -, ,
, .
, ,
. ,
-.

, ,
.
,
,
- . , ,

. , ,
153 -, , ,
-, , - 154.
- ; ,
.
- ;
, , ,
, 155.
, - ; 156
157.
, 158. , ,

159.

, 160.
. ,
.
( , , )
, .
, :
, .
,
153
.. , (. . .).
Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 201; cp. Oceania, I, p. 262.
155
156
(. . .).
157
158
Ibid., p. 170.
159
.: .F.Ashley-Montagu, Coming into Being among the Australian Aborigines (New York, 1938).
. : .G.H.Strehlow, La Gmelit de lme humaine, La Tour Saint-Jacques, 1112 (Paris, 1957),
p. 1423; idem, Personal Monototemism, p. 730 ff.
160
H Petri, Sterbende Welt, p. 197 ff., 215216; Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 199 ff.
154
. ,
, .

161. ,
, ,
162.
, ,
, (),
. ,
163.
,
,
(),
, .
161
Spencer and Gillen, Native Tribes of the Northern Territory of Australia, p. 318 ff.
163
Ralph Piddington, Totemic System of the Karadjeri Tribe. Oceania, II, 4 (1932), p. 377378.
162
3

164

,

. , ,
, ..
, , ,
, . ,
.
, .
:
. , ,
. .
165,
; ()
, ,
, ,

166.

167. , -,
, , -,
,
.
168,
. ( ) , , ,
,
, .
, ,
. , ..,
.
169 , 170 ,
164
, (. . .).
, - , ,
, (. . .).
166
W.Lloyd Warner, A Black Civilization: A Study of an Australian Tribe (
1937 .; 1958 .; New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1964), p. 56.
167
.: Eliade, Birth and
Rebirth. .: .Bleeker (ed.), Initiation (Leiden, 1965).
. .Whiting, R.Kluckhohn, and A.Anthony, The Functions of Male Initiation
Ceremonies at Puberty. In: E.E.Maccoby, Theodore Newcomb, and C.Hartley (eds.), Readings in Social Psychology
(Mew York, 1958), p. 359370; Edward Norbeck, D.Walker and M.Cohen, The Interpretation of Data: Puberty
Rites. American Anthropologist, LXIV (1962), p. 463485.
168
, ,
(. . .).
169
(. .).
170
(. .).
165
.
, .
.
. ,
171 .
, ,
.
172. ,
.
, , ,
, , 173. ,
, ()
. ,
. ,
, ,
,
174. ,
. ,
, , .
.
.
,
, .
.
; ,
. ;
.
175 ,
...
, , ,
. .
; 176.
, ,
,
, ;
, , 177.
171
4,5 . ,
, , (. . .).
172
Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 5; : R.H.Mathews, The Bora or initiation Ceremonies of the
Kamilaroi Tribe. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, XXIV (1895), p. 411427 ff.
; . .: W.Koppers, Zur Frage der bildnerischen Darstellung des Hochgottes.
Ethnologica, N.F., II (Cologne, 1960), p. 2 ff.
173
Mathews, The Bora or Initiation Ceremonies, p. 418. Cp. ,
, : M.G.Meggitt, Desert People: A Study
of the Walbiri Aborigines of Central Australia (Sydney: Agnus and Robertson, 1962), p. 385 ff. (
, 1965).
174
Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 6.
175
,
, (. . .).
176
Ibid,, p. 7, [Howitt, The Native Tribes of South-East Australia, p. 625 ff.]. . :
Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 79, -
.
177
Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 179. -
, , [ Warner, A
, ,
.
.
, .
,
. ,
: )
,
, ( ); ) ; )
; )

; ) , ,
178.
,

( ). ,
,
,
179. ,
, . ,

. ,
, , : .
, 180.
,

.
, ,
.
, .
, ,
, , ,
, 181.

.
,
. , , .
: !

( ,
Black Civilization, p. 251].
178
. Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 4; Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 179184; R.M. and ..Berndt,
The World of the First Australians, p. 136147.
[Op. cit., . 138144]. . : F.Speiser, ber Initiationen in Australien und Newguinea.
Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel (1929), p. 256258; R.Piddington, Karadjeri
Initiation. Oceania, III (19321933), p. 4687; Norman B.Tindale, Initiation among the Pitjandjara Natives of the
Mann and Tomkinson Ranges in South Australia Oceania, VI (1935), p. 199224; E.A.Worms, Initiationsfeiern
einiger Ksten- und Binnenlandstmme in Nord-Westaustralien. Annali Lateranensi, II (1938), p. 147174;
Warner, A Black Civilization, p. 114 ff.; Meggitt, Desert People, p. 281316.
179
, ,
,
(Meggitt, Desert People, p. 293).
180
. Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 89.
181
, , ,
, )182.

, ,
183.
.

184. :
, ( ).
,
, .
,
. , ,
. ,
, , , 185.
, (
, ) 186 ,
187.
, ,
. ,
.
188.
, - , -
, ,
, 189. ,
, ,
182
, : Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 13. . :

R.M. and C..Berndt, the World of the First Australians, p. 140141.
183
[Meggitt, Desert
People, p. 294].
. ;
, .
.: Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 21 ff., 141 ff. . :
Ad.E.Jensen, Beschneidung und Reifezeremonien bei Naturvlkern (Stuttgart, 1933); F.Speiser, ber die
Beschneidung in der Sdsee, Acta Tropica, I (1944), 929; F.R.Lehmann, Bemerkungen zu einer neuen
Begrndung der Beschneidung. Sociologus, VII (1957), p. 5774; R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First
Australians, p. 143 ff.
184
. : Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 2122, 141. .:
.Zerries, Das Schwirrholz. Untersuchung ber die Verbreitung und Bedeutung des Schwirrens im Kult (Stuttgart,
1942), p. 84125. , ; .
F.Speiser, Kulturgeschichtliche Betrachtungen ber die Initiationen in der Sdsee. Bulletin der Schweizerischen
Gesellschaft fr Anthropologie und Ethnologie, XXII (19451946), p. 2861.
185
R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 145.
186
C. inter alia: ibid., p. 142.
187
Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 173,182.
188
C. Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 25 ff., , . 142 ff. .
: .Basedow, Subincision and Kindred Rites of the Australian Aboriginal. Journal of the Royal
Anthropological Institute, LVIII (1927), p. 123156; Ashley-Montagu, Corning into Being among the Australian
Aborigines, p. 302 ff.; Bruno Bettelheim, Symbolic Wounds (1st ed.; Glencoe, III., 1954), p. 173 ff.; J.Winthuis,
Das Zweigeschelchterwesen (Leipzig, 1928), p. 29 ff.; H.Baumann, Das doppelte Geschlecht. Ethnologische
Studien zur Bisexualitt in Ritus und Mythos (Berlin, 1955), p. 313 ff.; R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First
Australians, p. 145146.
189
W.E.Roth, Ethnological Studies among the North-West-Central Queensland Aborigines (Brisbane and
London, 1897), p. 180. . , : Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 26.
. , .
, . ,
,
, 190. -,
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191.
,
[The World of First Australians, p. 114].
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193. ,
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.
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[The Australian Aborigines, p. 185]. ,
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, .
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.
190
.
: , , ,
, ( : Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 27).
191
Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 183; . . 173174; Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 26 ff.
192
Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 183. .: Eliade, Birth
and Rebirth, p. 7 n. 13 (); Bettelheim, Symbolic Wounds, p. 180 ff.
193
Cp. Eliade, Shamanism, p. 474 ff.; idem, The Forge and the Crucible (New York: Harper, 1962),
p. 79 ff.
,
194; ,
,
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, 197.
.
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. 198.
,
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,
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195

. 2.
197
, , .: Spencer, Native Tribes of the Northern
Territory of Australia, p.153 ff.; Spencer and Gillen, The Northern Tribes of Central Australia, p. 257 ff.; idem, The
Arunta, I, p. 99 ff.; Strehlow, Aranda Traditions, p. 54 ff., 8586 .. . : L.Adams, Anthropomorphe
Darstellungen auf australischen Ritualgerten. Anthropos, LIII (1958), p. 150.
198
196
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199
, (. .).
Ibid., p. 117118.
201
Ibid., p. 118 ff.
202
, , ;
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203
Ibid., p. 119.
204
Ibid., p. 122.
200
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205.

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1927
1929 ., 206.

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205

Warner, A Black Civilization; Ronald M.Berndt, Kunapipi (Melbourne: F.W.Cheshire, 1951); .
: W.S.Chaseling, Yulengor, Nomads of Arnhem Land (London, 1957).
207
R.M. and . . Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 240.
208
: R.M.Berndt, Kunapipi, p. 85132.
206
. ,

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[Berndt, Kunapipi, p. 20].
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coincidentia oppositorum212).
209
Ibid., p. 31. . : Warner, A Black Civilization, p. 240249.

., .: Warner, A Black Civilization, p. 238240, 242 ff. .. ,
, , (. 373).
211
R.M.Berndt, Kunapipi, p. 25. , ,
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126).
212
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210

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216
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, [R.M.Berndt, Kunapipi, p. 35 ff.],
, , ;
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, . 37). , ,
, : ; (
, . 41). . : Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 49 149 (n. 28).
217
R.M.Berndt, Kunapipi, p. 3132. regressus ad uterum [ .
(. .)] ; . inter alia: Eliade, Birth and
Rebirth, p. 51 ff.
218
(. . .).
215
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225.
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219

R.M.Berndt, Kunapipi, p. 53. . : Warner, A Black
Civilization, p. 280301. .
221
Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 226; R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians,
p. 210. , , .
, : , , .
, , , :
.
222
, [R.M. and ..Berndt, Sexual Behavior in Western
Arnhem Land (New York), 1951, p. 122]. . .
223
224
220
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[Warner, Black Civilization, p. 376]. , ,

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227. , :
225
.: A.P.Elkin, : R.M.Berndt, Kunapipi, p. XXII; Elkin, The Australian

Aborigines, p. 229; Wilhelm Schmidt, Mythologie und Religion in Nord Australien. Anthropos, XLV1II (1953),
p. 898924.
226
Warner, A Black Civilization, p. 375.
227
R.M.Berndt, Kunapipi, p. 16.
, , , 228.

229.
, ,
230. , ,
.
-

231. ,
,
.
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.

(coincidentia oppositorum), 232.
.
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235
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228

230
R.M.Berndt, Kunapipi, p. 16.
231
., .: J. de Leeuwe, Male Right and Female Right among the Autochtons of Arnhem Land.
Acta Ethnographies, XIII (Budapest, 1964); XIV (1965), p. 303348. ,
,
.
232
., .: Eliade, Patterns in Comparative Religion (New York and London, 1958), p. 415 ff.; idem,
Yoga: Immortality and Freedom (New York and London, 1958), p. 244 ff., 267 ff., etc.; idem, Mephistopheles and
the Androgyne (New York and London, 1966), p. 78 ff.
233
W.E.H.Stanner, On Aboriginal Religion. Oceania Monograph 11 (Sydney, 1963), p. 87.
, -, ( , . 96).
234
Ronald .Berndt (ed.), Australian Aboriginal Art (New York, 1964), p. 83.
235
. 2, .
236
Frederick D.McCarthy, Australia's Aborigines: Their Life and Culture (Melbourne, 1957), p. 119.
-, , , (Elkin,
The Australian Aborigines, p. 304).
237
A.P.Elkin, Art and Life. B: R.M. Berndt (ed.), Australian Aboriginal Art, p. 19.
238
. - , . 232. . : Vittorio
Lanternari, La Grande Festa (Milan, 1959), p. 329349. -
229
, ,
239. , . , , ,
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243.
,
244. X.
245.
.
() ,
.
239
A.R.Radcliff-Brown, The Rainbow-Serpent Myth in South-East Australia Oceania, I (1930), p. 342
347, esp. 342. [McCarthy, Australia's Aborigines, p. 129].
240
. Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 41 ff.; Bettelheim, Symbolic Wounds, p. 239 ff.
241
R.M. and ..Berndt, The First Australians (Mew York: Philosophical Library, 1954), p. 54.
242
R.M. and ..Berndt, Sexual Behavior in Western Arnhem Land, p. 8991.
243
Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 43.
244
Roth, Ethnological Studies, p. 174 ff.; B.Spencer and F.J.Gillen, The Native Tribes of Central Australia
(London: Macmillan, 1899), p. 475 ff.; R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 151.
245

, , ,
246.
,
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.
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247. .
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248,
,
249.

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250. , , ,
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, [Women's Changing
Ceremonies, p. 33]. ,
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( , . 45).
,
246
Ibid., p. 152; Warner, A Black Civilization, p. 300, n. 15. , -

, ,
( ), .
247
Phyllis M.Kaberry, Aboriginal Woman, Sacred and Profane (Philadelphia, 1939), p. 237.
248
Ibid., p. 241 ff. , , .: M.Eliade, Birth
and Rebirth, p. 45 ff.
249
250
Catherine H.Berndt, Women's Changing Ceremonies in Northern Australia. L'Homme: Cahiers
d'ethnologie, de gographie et de linguistique, I (Paris, 1950), p. 31.
, .
, , ,
, ( , . 44).
, 251. ,
,
:
, 252.
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251

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, (ibid., p. 53).
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; .: Eliade, Shamanism, . 33 .
252
,
. [Women's Changing Ceremonies, .
61 ff].
( , . 59),
( , . 70). ,
,
.
253
Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 190191; R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians,
p. 214 ff.
254
255
Ibid., p. 192.
; . Charles P.Mountford, The Tiwi (London, 1958); De Leeuwe, Op. cit, XIV, p. 339.
256
Spencer and Gillen, The Northern Tribes of Central Australia, p. 195,196.
.
, -,
.
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,
257.
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258. ,
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257
Strehlow, Aranda Traditions, p. 94. .
.
. -. (ibid.).
258
Spencer and Gillen, The Native Tribes of Central Australia, p. 442.
259
R.M. and ..Berndt, A Preliminary Report on Field Work in the Ooldea Region, Western and South
Australia. Oceania, Vols. XIIXV (19421945); . III (1943), p. 257. . . 221, .
[Bettelheim, Symbolic Wounds, p. 170]
, . :
, , , [P.Schebesta,
Les Pygmes du Congo Belge (Brussels, 1951), p. 266].
260
Spencer and Gillen, The Native Tribes of Central Australia, p. 251; . : Spencer and Gillen, The
Northern Tribes of Central Australia, p. 352, 368 .., ,
( ). . Bettelheim, Symbolic Wounds, p. 159 ff.
261
U.H.McConnel, Myths of the Wikmunkan and Wiknatara Tribes. Oceania, VI (1936), p. 68.
. , ! , ! ! (
, . 82).
262
R.M. and .H.Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 215. :
, , [R.M.Berndt, Kunapipi, p. 8; .
. 55, 59].
263
R.M. and .H.Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 216. Cp. ibid., p. 239, ,
. : R.M.Berndt, Djanggawul (London, 1952),
,
, . , ,
,
() 264. .
, :
. , ;
, , 265.
,
, .. - .

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, 266.
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267. , ,
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). (epiphanies) (, ,
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.
,
p. 3841. : W.S.Chaseling, Op. cit, p. 133134:
, ,, , ,
.
, . ,
, . : ,
, . . : Charles P.Mountford (ed.), Records of the
American-Australian Scientific Expedition to Arnhem Land, I (Melbourne, 1956), p. 269 ff.
264
(. .)
265
266
267
. Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 29 ff, p. 145, n 50; F.Speiser, Die Frau als Erfinderin von Kultgerten
in Melanesien. Schweizerische Zeitschrift fr Psychologie und ihre Anwendungen, III (1944), p. 4664.
, .
,
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, - 268, ..
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Mnnerbund ( ).

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, 269.
268
Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 138. (. , . 259)
.
269
. inter alia, Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 78 ff.
4
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270
[Elkin, Aboriginal
Men of High Degree]. [Helmut Petri, Der australische Medizinmann, Part I. Annali
Lateranensi (Citta del Vaticano), XVI (1952); Part II. Ibid., XVII (1953)]
( , ).
[Marcel Mauss, LOrigine des pouvoirs magiques dans les socits australiennes (Paris: Ecole Patrique des
Hautes Etudes, 1904), : Henri Hubert and Marcel Mauss, Mlanges dhistoire des religions
(2nd. ed.; Paris, 1929)] . ,
, , ,
- (, , 635638; , . 709712;
-, . 902905). .
,, [Ronald M.Berndt, Wuradjeri Magic and
Clever Men, Part I, Oceania, XVII (19461947); Part . Ibid., XVIII (19471948)],
[Elkin, Aboriginal Men of High Degree],
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271
Hewitt, The Native Tribes of South-East Australia, p. 406408. .

(), ,
, [Berndt, Wuradjeri
Magic, Part I, p. 362]. (.: Howitt, Op. at., p. 389).
; . Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 6466, 130.
272
.L.Parker, The Euahlayi Tribe (London, 1905), p. 25 ff., 3536; idem, More Legendary Tales (London,
1898), p. 84 ff. Cp. Elkin, Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 102 ff.
, . .
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273
.. (. . .).
Elkin, Aboriginal Men, p. 960998.
[Berndt, Wuradjeri Magic, Part I, p. 334338].
275
, ,
: ,
. , ,
, -
( . ..). ,
, ,
. , , [Elkin, The Australian
Aborigines, p. 300].
274
, , ,
276.

-
: 1) , 2) , 3) , 4)
, 5) . .
.

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278. ,
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, 279.
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280.

- . , ,
,
281. (-) -,
, - [Howitt, p. 389].
, , , ,
276
Berndt, Wuradjeri Magic, Part I, p, 334 ff.

Howitt, The Native Tribes of South-East Australia, p. 408 ff.
278
Max Kaltenmark, Le Lie-sien tchouan: Biographies legendaires des immortels taostes de 1antiquit
(Peking, 1953), p. 20. . : Eliade, Shamanism, p. 403, 450 ff.
279
Cf., inter alia: P.Boyanc, La Religion astrale de Platon Cicron. Revue des Etudes grecques, LXV
(1952); A.Orbe, Variaciones gnosticas sobre las Alas del Alma. Gregorianum, XXXV (1954); Danilou,
Message vanglique et culture hellnistique (Paris, 1961), p. 116 ff.
280
Cf. M. Eliade, Mythes, rves et mystres (Paris, 1957), p. 132 ff. [= Myths, Dreams and Mysteries (New
York, 1960), p. 99 ff.].
281
Howitt, The Native Tribes of South-East Australia, p. 405; . . 389 .
277
; ,
. , , ,
; ,
282.
;
, (-)283. ,
, , ,
;
284. , , , ,
285.

. , , , .
,
286. , ,
287. -
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288. ,

289.

,
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, .
282
Ibid., p. 389. -, - .: Engelbert Stiglmayr,

Schamanismus in Australia. Wiener Vlkerkundliche Mitteilungen, V (1957).
; .: A.P.L.Cameron, Notes on Some Tribes of New South Wales.
Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, XIV (1885), p. 360361.
283
Howitt, The Native Tribes of South-East Australia, p. 358359. . : Elkin, Aboriginal Men of
High Degree, p. 119.
284
Elkin, Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 85; Berndt, Wuradjeri Magic, Part I, p. 356 ff.; Part II, p. 79.
285
Elkin, Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 85.
286
B.Spencer and F.J.Gillen, Native Tribes of Central Australia (London, 1899), p. 522 ff.; Elkin,
Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 121.
287
288
Ibid., p. 139450.
289
Ibid., p. 40. Cf. Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 160, n. 72.
, ,
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290.
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.

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,
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, . ,
290
Elkin, Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 112 ff.; R. and C.Berndt, A Preliminary Report of Field-Work
in the Ooldea Region, Western South Australia. Oceania, XIV (1943), p. 5661; cf. Eliade, Birth and Rebirth,
p. 9798, , , .: .Strehlow, Die Aranda und
Loritjastmme in Zentral-Australien (Frankfurt . ., 1908), II, p. 910; Gza Roheim, The Eternal Ones of the
Dream (New York, 1945), p. 184 ff.; Elkin, Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 112 ( ).
,
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291.
- ,
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, , ,
,
, 292.
. (descensus ad
inferos). , -
, - 293.

, . (. ,
3), .

.
294. .
, - ( ),
. ,
291
Elkin, Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 91

Ibid. .. , , ,
, [Superstitions, Magic and Medicine. North Queensland
Ethnography, 5 (1903), p. 30]. , -.
293
( , . 91). . (. 105106).
294
1798 , ,
, . , ,
, ( : The Native Tribes of South-East Australia,
p. 405). , ,
, [ibid., p. 104; Elkin,
Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 85]. ,
. ;
.
,
[Parker, The Euahlayi Tribe, p. 2526].
; , .
, (, . Elkin, Aboriginal Men of
High Degree, p. 129130). : ,
, . ,
, (Elkin, Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 137;
.: Eliade, Shamanism, p. 158 ft.).
, , . ,
[Elkin, Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 137].
292
( ) , ,
.
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, , 295.
: 1) ,
; 2) (, );
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,
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295
Elian, Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 116; Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 97.
, (. . .).
297
,
(. Eliade, Shamanism, p. 23 ff., 33 ff, 38 ff., etc.).
, (.
, : Elkin, Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 123), -
(, , . 128) ( , . 138 .).
298
Spencer and Gillen, Native Tribes, p. 522 ff.; idem, The Arunta: A Study of a Stone Age People, II,
p. 391 ff.; cf. Eliade, Shamanism, p. 4647.
299
Spenser and Gillen, Native Tribes, p. 526 ff.; The Arunta, II, 394 ff.; Eliade, Shamanism, p. 47.
300
Spencer and Gillen, The Northern Tribes of Central Australia, p. 480481; Eliade, Shamanism, p. 4748.
296
. , ,
, , , ,
301. ,
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, , 306,
307, 308.
301
Spencer and Gillen, Northern Tribes, p. 484; cf. ibid., p. 486,

; . : Eliade, Shamanism, p. 48.
302
Spencer and Gillen, Northern Tribes, p. 487488.
303
Ibid., p. 488; Eliade, Shamanism, p. 4950.
304
. Eliade, Shamanism, p. 35 f.
305
Ibid., p. 35, 50, etc. :
; , ( ,
), .
306
, , ; cf. Eliade, Shamanism,
p. 52.
307
( )
(ibid., p. 57).
308
. ibid., p. 52 ff., etc.
309,
, , ,
,
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309
. , . 317, [Elkin, Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 40
41].
310
Cp. Eliade, Shamanism, p. 495 ff.

: Birth and Rebirth, p. 100.
312
,
.
313
: Mythes et symboles de la corde. Eranos-Jahrbuch, XXIX
(1961), : Mphistophls et landrogyne (Paris, 1962), p. 200237 (= Cordes et
marionnettes). , [Mephistopheles and the Androgyne (New York, 1965),
p. 160188], ,
.
311
, ,
, .
314.
,
1882 .,
.
; , ,
, , 315 , .
, , ,
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316.
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319. - -
320.
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.

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314
Berndt, Wuradjeri Magic, Part I, p. 340.

(. .).
316
Ibid., p. 341342. , ,
: Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 6465.
317
. .Lucas Bridges, The Uttermost Part of the Earth (New York, 1948), p-248 ff.
318
319
Eliade, Mphistophls et landrogyne, p. 24 ff.
[Mauss, LOrigine des pouvoirs magiques, p. 136, n. 1; 137, n.
3; 139 ff.].
320
C. Elkin, Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 43 ff.; cp. . 93,98,103 107
.
315
, ,
-321. , ,
-: , ,
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- , 323. ,
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321
A.R.Radcliff-Brown, The Rainbow-Serpent Myth of Australia. Journal of the Royal Anthropological

Institute, LVI (1926), . 19 () . 24 ( , ); idem, The
Rainbow-Serpent Myth in South-East Australia. Oceania, 1, 1930, p. 342347; A. P. Elkin, The RainbowSerpent in North-West Australia. Oceania, I, 1930, p. 349352 ( , ..);
idem, Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 144; etc.
322
Radcliff-Brawn, The Rainbow-Serpent Myth of Australia, p. 20; . , . 292.
323
., -: The Rainbow-Serpent Myth of Australia,
p. 2021.
324
Radcliff-Brown, The Rainbow-Serpent Myth of Australia, p. 21.
325
Elkin, The Rainbow-Serpent in North-West Australia, p. 350; idem, Aboriginal Men of High Degree,
p. 138 ff.
326
A.Lommel, Die Unambal: Ein Stamm in Nordwest-Australien (Hamburg, 1952), p. 42 ff.
327
H. Petri, Sterbende Welt in Nordwest-Australien (Braunschweig, 1954), p. 250 ff.
, ,
328. ,
329.
, : 330
.
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331.
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328
. [Petri, Der australische Medizinmann, Part II, p. 160, n. 238]. . :

Lommel, Die Unambal, p. 45 ff.
329
C. Petri, Der australische Medizinmann, Part II, p. 175190; idem, Sterbende Welt, p. 175190.
330
:
, ,
, (. . .).
331
; Berndt, Wuradjeri Magic, Part I, p. 82 ff.
332
Ibid., Part I, p. 332.
333
Petri, Der australische Medizinmann, Part II, p. 160 ff.; cf. p. 164, n. 234,
. . : R.M. and .H.Berndt, The World of the First Australians (Chicago, 1965), p. 266 ff.
334
, ,
, , ;
. Petri, Der australische Medizinmann, Part II, p. 187.
335
. , ; ibid., p. 192 ff.
, , ,
336. ,
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336
Howitt, The Native Tribes of South-East Australia, p. 418.

Petri, Dei australische Medizinmann, Part II, p. 90 ff. ,
. : ,
; cf. .Siebert, Sagen und Sitten
der Dieiri und Nachbar-Stmme in Zentral-Australien. Globus, XCVII (1910), p. 185.
, ,
; .: F.Bonney (1884), [Petri, Der australische Medizinmann, Part
II, p. 193].
337

.
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. : Eliade, Shamanism, p, 252 ff. (, ), . 362 ff.
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[Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 317],
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340
341

Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 315; Warner, A Black Civilization, p. 403 ff.
,
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. 328).

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342
.: Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 329 ff.; R.M. and ..Berndt,

The World of the First Australians, p. 329 ff.
343
.: Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 311 ff.; R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the
First Australians, p. 406 ff.; Helmut Petri, Der australische Medizinmann, Part II. Annali Lateranensi (Citta del
Vaticano), XVII (1953), p. 170 ff.
, - 344. -
, .
, . , , , ,
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345.
, -.
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346; ,
,
347; , ,
348; , ,
[Howitt, The Native Tribes, p. 438439]. ,
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, 349. 350
- ,
;
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[R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First
Australians, p. 416 ff.]. ,
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. 414). , ,
, 351,
( , . 413).
:
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, ,
,
. , ,
( , ) 352. ,
344
Cp. Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 336; R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians,
p. 412 ff.
345
R.M. and .. Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 416.

(ibid., p. 413). ; .: ibid., p. 412.
346
(. Eliade, Shamanism, p. 482 ff.).
347
R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 413; A.W.Howitt, The Native Tribes of
South-East Australia, p. 435 ff.
348
, [R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians,
p. 414]. ,
(ibid.).
349
.
350
- ,
( ), ,
,
(. . .).
351
352
, . ,
. , ,
in concreto.
, , , , ,
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353.
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-356. ,

353

, , ,
[R.M. and ..Berndt, The World
of the First Australians, p. 419].
355
Helmut Petri, Kurngara. Neue magische Kulte in Nordwest-Australien. Zeitschrift fr Ethnologic,
LXXV (1950), p. 4351, . 50; idem, Sterbende Welt in Nordwest-Australien (Braunschweig, 1954),
p. 263; idem, Wandlungen in der geistigen Kultur nordwestaustralischer Stmme. Verffentlichungen aus dem
Museum fur Natur-, Vlker- und Handelskunde in Bremen, Ser B., 1 (1950), p. 33121, . 90 .
. : .Worms, Die Goranara-Feier in australischen Kimberley. Annali Lateranensi, VI (1942), p. 208
235.
354
. . 1938 .
, ,
, .
357. 19441945 . ()
, :
,
--, 358.
,
.

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, 359.
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. .
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; . [Sterbende Welt,
p. 258]. , ,
360. , .
,
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, .
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361. , ,
, .
( , ,
)362.
. . ,
356
Andreas Lommel, Modern Culture Influences on the Aborigines. Oceania, XXI (19501951), p. 14
24, . 22; idem, Die Unambal (Hamburg, 1952), p. 82 ff.
357
Ronald M. Berndt, Influence of European Culture on Australian Aborigines Oceania, XXI (1950
1951), p. 229240, . 233.
358
Petri, Kurngara, p. 43. [Sterbende Welt in Nordwest-Australien, p. 257]
, - ,
, , . -
.
. , , :
, ;
.
359
,
.
360
Petri, Kurngara, p. 47; idem, Sterbende Welt, p. 262.
361
. ,
, , (. Worms, Die
Goranara). ,
, . , ,
, ,
(, , ). ,
, , [Sterbende Welt, p. 261].
362
Petri, Sterbende Welt, p. 259. ,
, ; . idem, Der australische Medizinmann, Part II, . 165.
,
; 363.
364.
,
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365.
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363
Petri, Kurngara, p. 49.

Petri, Sterbende Welt, p. 218 ft., 256.
365
. .
366
M.Eliade, Patterns in Comparative Religion (New York, 1958), p. 383 ff., 448.
367
Lommel, Modern Cultural Influences on the Aborigines, p. 23; cp. idem, Die Unambal, p. 82 ff.
364
(= ) .
, .
- , . (Pidgin English).
, , ,

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, . ,
, 368.
,
.
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369.
,
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,
371.

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372.
373. :

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.
368
Lommel, Modern Cultural Influences on the Aborigines, p. 24.

R.M.Berndt, Influence of European Culture, p. 233.
370
Ibid., p. 235; . .
371
. [Petri, Sterbende Welt, p. 263 ff].
372
Cp. Petri, Der australische Medizinmann, Part II, p. 168 ff. 30- .
( ) ,
, , ; .:
W.E.H.Stanner, A Report of Field Work in North Australia: The Daly River Tribes. Oceania, IV (1933),
. 2225.
373
.Siebert, Sagen und Sitten der Dieiri und Nachbar-Stmme in Zentral-Australien. Globus, XCVII
(1910), p. 5759; . (Petri, Der australische Medizinmann, Part II, p. 166167).
369
,
. , ,
374.
()
:
, , , .
, , 375.
1960 . -
,
, () .
1963 ., , ;
,
376.
, . ,
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,
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379.
, ,
,
- .
,
374
Petri, Der australische Medizinmann, Part II, p. 167. : Movimenti religiosi di libert e di
savezza (Milano, 1960), . (V.Laternari) (.
220 .), , - .
375
Helmut Petri and Gizela Petri-Odermann, Nativismus und Millenarismus im gegenwrtigen
Australien. Festschrift fr Ad. E. Jensen II (Munich, 1964), . 462.
, .
, .. , ,
.
376
Ibid., p. 464, n. 8.
377
(. . .).
378
Ibid., . 465. . .Eliade, Mphistophls et landrogyne (Paris, 1962), p. 194 ff. [
: Mephistopheles and the Androgyne (New York, 1965), p. 155 ff.].
379
., , ,
( ,
), 1962 . ,
, .
,
. . Petri and Petri-Odermann, Nativismus und Millenarismus, p. 466, n. 10.
.: Eliade, Mphistophls et landrogyne, p. 155 ff. (. ., . 125 ff.).
. ,
-
, ; ,
, ,

380.
,
.
,
.
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381. - , ,
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- .
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. ?
, ! :
[R.Berndt, An Adjustment Movement, p. 40].
380
R.M.Berndt, An Adjustment Movement in Arnhem Land, Northern Territory of Australia (Paris and The
Hague, 1962).
381
: D.J.Mulvaney, The Australian Aborigines
16061929: Opinion and Fieldwork. Historical Studies, VIII (1958), p.131151, 297314.
, , ,
, - ( , . 40).
,

. ,
, ( , . 87).
( , . 91).
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. 81).
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18 ; ,
, 8
383, , , 384;
382
. W.E.H.Stanner and Helen Sheils (eds.), Australian Aboriginal Studies: A Symposium of Papers
Presented at the 1961 Research Conference (Melbourne and Oxford, 1963), p. 82.
383
D.J.Mulvaney, Prehistory. Ibid., p. 39.
384
A.A.Capell, : Discussions on the Antiquity of Man in Australia. In.: Stanner and Sheils
(eds.), Australian Aboriginal Studies, p. 84. .: Mulvaney, Prehistory,
, , ,
, ,
- -
385.
,
- .
,
386. ,
-,
. , ,
, ; ,
, ,
, . ,
,
, .
, , ,
,
, , -,
387.
- .
,
, ,
-, ,
[McCarthy, The Oceanic
and Indonesian Affiliations of Australian Aboriginal Culture, p. 253].
,
388. 389,
- 390,

. ,
(, ..)391.
p. 3351 ( , 5051); idem, The Stone Age of Australia, Proceedings of the Prehistoric
Society, XXVII (1961), p. 36107; idem, The Prehistory of Australia (London, 1967). C. : F.D.McCarthy, A
Comparison of the Prehistory of Australia with That of Indo-China, the Malay Peninsula and Netherlands East
Indies, Proceedings of the Third Congress of Prehistorians of the Far East, Singapore, 1938 (1940), p. 3050; idem,
The Stone Implements of Australia (Sydney, 1946); idem, Recent Developments and Problems in the Prehistory of
Australia. Paideuma, XIV (1968), p. 116; J.Haekel, Ethnologische und prhistorische Probleme Australiens.
Wiener Vlkerkundliche Mitteilungen, II (1954), p. 6685.
385
McCarthy, A Comparison of the Prehistory of Australia; idem, The Oceanic and Indonesian Affiliations
of Australian Aboriginal Culture. Journal of the Polynesian Society, LXII (1953), p243261; idem, Australia's
Aborigines: Their Life and Culture (Melbourne, 1957); N.B.Tindale, Man of the Hunting Age. Colorado
Quarterly, VIII (1960), p. 229245.
386
McCarthy, The Oceanic and Indonesian Affiliations of Australian Aboriginal Culture, p. 243261,
. 252 . . : Bolletino del Centro Camuno di Studi Preistorici, ed. Emmanuel Arati. Vol.
IV (1968), p. 111 ff.
387
. (McCarthy, The Oceanic and Indonesian Affiliations, p. 253 ff.); .
.
388
R.M.Berndt, Discovery of Pottery in North-eastern Arnhem Land. Journal of the Royal
Anthropological Institute, LXXVII (1947), p. 133138; R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians,
p. 20 ff., Warner, A Black Civilization, p. 445 ff.
389
R.M.Berndt, Discovery of Pottery in North-eastern Arnhem Land; F.D.McCarthy and Frank M.Setzler,
The Archeology of Arnhem Land. Records of the American-Australian Scientific Expedition to Arnhem Land
(1948), II (1960), p. 223227.
390
Mulvaney, Prehistory, p. 50.
391
F.D.McCarthy, Ecology, Equipment, Economy and Trade. In: Stanner and Sheils (eds.), Australian
Aboriginal Studies, p. 181. .: ibid., p. 188, .. (D.S.Davidson),
, , ,
, ,
. :
,
.
,

. : ,
, , ,
;
, ;

;
.
, , . ,
,
. , ,
,
,
392.

(, 1961 .), .. ,
, -,
, , ,
.
, ,
,
393.
, , -
, Naturvlk, - , ,
( ),
. ,
,
, ,
Naturvlk. , , ,
, ,

, , ,
XIX .

,
. ,
; , , ,
; ,
394.
. , ,
.
392
D. F. Thomson, [Stanner and Shells (eds.),
Australian Aboriginal Studies, p. 192193]. :
, ;
. P.Schebesta, Die Bambuti-Pygmen vom Ituri (Brussels, 1941), II, p. 269.
393
. .Eliade, The Myth of the Eternal Return (New York: Pantheon, 1954); idem, Myth and Reality
(New York: Harper & Row, 1963).
: , ,
.. .
, .
, , ,
,
.
,

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395. ,
396,
.

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394
. : Wilhelm Koppers, Diffusion:

Transmission and Acceptance. In: William L.Thomas, Jr. (ed.), Yearbook of Anthropology (New York, 1955),
p. 169181, : p. 171, 178 .
395
. .
396
., : .A.Worms, Contemporary and Prehistoric Rock Paintings in Central and Northern
Kimberley. Anthropos, L (1955), p. 546566, . 552 ; Gisela Odermann, Holz- und
Steinsetzungen in Australien. Paideuma, VII (1959), p. 99141.

,
,
. , ,

-397.

, .

. , ,
, ,
:
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http://www.natahaus.

..Evans-Pritchard, Theories of Primitive Religions, (Oxford, 1965), p. 1617.

Hartland, The High Gods of Australia, p. 328

: Frobenius, Im Zeitalter des Sonnesgottes (Berlin, 1904), I, p. 73 ff. ; .,

F.Graebner, Das Weltbild der Primitiven (Munich, 1924), p. 2527, :

Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 224.

; . .Strehlow and M. von Leonhardi, Mythen, Sagen und

.A.Worms, Djamar, the Creator. Anthropos, XLV (1950), p. 643658; . . 650.

. X.: Charles H.Long, The West African High God:

Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 38 ff, 49 ff.

.G.H.Strehlow, Personal Monototemism in a Polytotemic Community. Festschrift fr Ad. E.Jensen

Ibid., p. 729. Strehlow, Aranda Traditions, p. 36 ff., .

W.E.H.Stanner, On Aboriginal Religion. Oceania Monographs, 11 (Sydney, 1963), p. 254

Strehlow, Aranda Traditions, p. 3031.

Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 153.

R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 227231. .

Andreas Lommel, Die Unambal: Ein Stamm in Nordwest-Australien (Hamburg, 1952).

, : Eliade, Birth and Rebirth, p. 13. . :

R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 182.

R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 138.

Ibid., p. 31. . : Warner, A Black Civilization, p. 240249.

R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 241.

R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 242243.

.: A.P.Elkin, : R.M.Berndt, Kunapipi, p. XXII; Elkin, The Australian

R.M. and ..Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 245.

Ibid., p. 152; Warner, A Black Civilization, p. 300, n. 15. , -

Hewitt, The Native Tribes of South-East Australia, p. 406408. .

Berndt, Wuradjeri Magic, Part I, p, 334 ff.

Ibid., p. 389. -, - .: Engelbert Stiglmayr,

Elkin, Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 91

Spencer and Gillen, Northern Tribes, p. 484; cf. ibid., p. 486,

. , . 317, [Elkin, Aboriginal Men of High Degree, p. 40

Cp. Eliade, Shamanism, p. 495 ff.

Berndt, Wuradjeri Magic, Part I, p. 340.

A.R.Radcliff-Brown, The Rainbow-Serpent Myth of Australia. Journal of the Royal Anthropological

. [Petri, Der australische Medizinmann, Part II, p. 160, n. 238]. . :

Howitt, The Native Tribes of South-East Australia, p. 418.

Warner, A Black Civilization, p. 402.

.: Elkin, The Australian Aborigines, p. 329 ff.; R.M. and ..Berndt,

R.M. and .. Berndt, The World of the First Australians, p. 416.

Howitt, The Native Tribes of South-East Australia, p. 426 ff.

Petri, Kurngara, p. 49.

Lommel, Modern Cultural Influences on the Aborigines, p. 24.

. : Wilhelm Koppers, Diffusion:

W.E.H.Stanner, On Aboriginal Religion. Oceania Monographs, 11 (Sydney, 1963), p. VI.

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