FACTORS AFFECTING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

Physical factors such as genetic inheritance, illness, disease, diet, exercise, alcohol and smoking

Social, cultural and emotional factors such as family, friends, educational experiences, employment/unemployment, community involvement, religion, gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, culture and relationship formation including marriage and divorce
Economic factors such as income, wealth, employment status, occupation, social class, poverty and material possessions Physical environment factors such as pollution, noise, housing conditions and rural/urban lifestyles Psychological factors such as stress, relationships within the family, friends and partners How these factors are related to the formation of, and possible change in, an individuals self-concept How genetic and environmental factors can affect an individuals pattern of growth and development.

Cut around the boarders and stick the two following sheets across 2 A3 pages in your exercise book.

Physical factors
These include genetic inheritance, illness, disease, diet, exercise, alcohol and smoking

Lets Start!

PHYSICAL FACTORS

Activity Write down the definitions for the Physical factors in your grid. CHALLENGE yourself by placing in an example to show a high level of understanding. Just do the definitions!!!!

Genetic Inheritance, Illness & Disease

Stick the following sheet in your book. Task 1- Highlight the key words. Ext- Give examples around the edge. Task 2-Using the internet research the conditions we have just discussed. Find out as much information as you can as you will be required to produce a hand-out providing information about the condition, its effects, how it is treated and who can help. Find out: 1) What each condition is 2) The main effects on the health and development needs of individuals who have the condition 3) How is the condition treated? Then find out at least 2 support groups that would help an individual who has a genetic disorder.

TASKGet in to groups of three-

You are going to create a presentation that you are going to present back to the class.
You must include:
Increases Confidence and SelfEsteem Stamina (the hearts ability to work under strain)

Describe what both diet and exercise is.

Suppleness (the bodys ability to bend without damage) Fun

What physical harm could both factors do to your physical health? What are the risks of doing/not doing diet and exercise? Explain the possible intellectual, emotional & social effects diet and exercise could have on a persons growth and development. What diseases or illnesses can a poor diet and a lack of exercise lead to.

Muscle Tone/ Body Shape EXERCISE

Relaxation Chance to socialise and meet others Relieves Stress

Strengthens muscles (the bodys physical power)

Builds up immunity

Alcohol and Smoking

TASKDRAW THE FOLLOWING DIAGRAM IN YOUR BOOKS AND WORK WITH THE PERSON NEXT TO YOU TO FILL IN THE P.I.E.S EFFECTS OF SMOKING AND ALCOHOL. PLACE BOTH POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE. YOU MUST HAVE ATLEAST 3 POINTS FOR EACH BOX

PHYSICAL EFFECTS

INTELLECTUAL EFFECTS

ALCOHOL EMOTIONAL EFFECTS SOCIAL EFFECTS

HOMEWORK
Create a poster that includes how smoking & alcohol can affect a persons growth and development. Make it colourful Put images Any diseases it can lead to

How people can get help

Go back to the A3 grid and write down a reason for each factor how it can positively and negatively effect your growth and development.
Then fill in your What I know now at the beginning of the lesson.
Lets go back to start and see how much weve learnt today!

Objectives: To learn the key terms in socio-economic factors. To apply new knowledge into a case study scenario.

SOCIAL,CULTURAL & EMOTIONAL

Family, friends, educational experiences, employment/unemployment, community involvement, religion, gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, culture and relationship formation including marriage and divorce

Lets Start!

SOCIAL, CULTURAL & EMOTIONAL FACTORS

Activity Write down the definitions for the Social, Cultural & Emotional factors in your grid. CHALLENGE yourself by placing in an example to show a high level of understanding.
Just do the definitions!!!!

Education
People with few or no qualifications are more likely to be unemployed or employed in low paid work. A government report called Unleashing Aspirations was published in July 2009. The report points out that the majority of professional people such as doctors and lawyers grow up in families with substantially higher incomes than average. The negative impacts of low income on education; Poor or overcrowded housing can make it difficult to study Parents may be less able to support children with study Limited access to information and communication technology More pressure to leave school early and earn money Less value placed on educational success Less money for equipment, books, educational outings. Growth Education makes it easier for people to access information and resources to make decisions about their health. Development Intellectual Development: Education also provides people with the knowledge and skills they need to solve problems and to cope with change. This gives them a sense of control over their circumstances. This is good for a persons mental well-being. A good education also enables a person to learn new skills. Emotional Development: People with higher education are more likely to be able to find well-paying "good" jobs. This increases their chances for stable incomes, job security and job satisfaction. This can lead to feelings of high self-worth and happiness. Social Development: Schools are a place of study but also give people an opportunity to socialise and form friendships.

Education and its importance

TASK 1- Draw a 2x2 grid in your book and write down the positive and negative effects of education on your PIES development. TASK 2- Then..You are going to write a letter home to parents explaining the importance of education for their children and the prospects that it can open up for them. Remember you need to do this in a letter format, plan your letter using your grid to help you structure your answer. Capital letters, full stops, commas and formal English is needed!!

Your Journey to Employment

Sixth Form

College

TASK Start off with the following flow chart on your A3 sheet. For each of the educational options, research the possible routes you could take right now.
What could it lead to afterwards? What would your life chances be?

Miss D

Apprenticeship

Employment

Unemployment

Family & Friends

There are 5 different types of family: Task 1Write a definition of each type of family. Task 2- Explain how each type of family could affect/impact a persons growth and development. Task 3- What type of family do you belong to. Write a paragraph of your life experiences of your family since you were born and explain how it has impacted your development.
Singleton

Blended

Nuclear

Types of Family

Nuclear Blended Singleton Lone Extended

Lone

Extended

EXT Task- Create a poster that informs families of the types of support that are available to help families get support and advice.

TASK 1- Define the words community involvement, religion and ethnicity! TASK 2- Pick 3 different religions and find out; Key religious/cultural festivals that are celebrated and what they involve. Death rites Clothing Diet

The way we behave, the language we speak, the diet we eat, the way that we dress and our lifestyle are all part of our culture. Culture includes the things which make one group different and distinctive from another. Culture gives us a set of rules or expectations which help us to understand each other, and to know how to react in certain situations. Very often we do not even know that we are working with the culture we are surrounded by; we just do what is normal and fit in. Because society is made up of different sorts of people, brought up in different circumstances or places, and following different beliefs and religions, different cultures can be diverse. We tend to follow tend to follow the way we were brought up, and the influences of the people around us.

TASK- Read the two following sheets, highlighting the key words within it.
Then answer the questions. Do one at a time and stick them in your books

Sexual Orientation
Sexual Orientation is a persons choice/preference within a relationship. It is becoming more and more common for their to be heterosexual relationships as well as gay and lesbian. TASK- On the two worksheetsStick them into your book Read the case study highlighting the key words Answer the questions (MAKE SURE OF SPG)

Im worried that my friends will think

Im anxious about telling everyone because

Wayne is 26. He has just completed a degree in Sports Science at Loughborough University. Before going to university, he worked for a supermarket chain on the deli counter. He is originally from the North East of England. Hes worried about telling his friends at home and at uni that he thinks he is gay.
What if my parents say.. Itll make me feel My biggest concern is

I just dont know whether to tell anyone because

Im worried I will let my parents down because

Anne Marie is 19. She has just started travelling around the world after completing her A levels. She is a talented musician and has a promising career ahead of her. Her hometown is Dublin, Ireland. Whilst travelling, she has become very close to one of her female friends. She is worried that she is physically attracted to her as she has a long term boyfriend at home. Anne Marie is Catholic.

I am confused because my religion tells me that being a lesbian and having a physical relationship is wrong so.

EXAM PRACTISE- SEXUAL ORIENTATION

ANALYSE HOW AN ADOLESCENTS SEXUAL ORIENATION CAN AFFECT THEIR GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT. (10 MARKS)
Remember Introduce what it means 5 points Positive and negative Conclusion Capital letters & full stops Paragraphs!

 Assumptions were and still are made that women were considered to have a lower social status than men. They would look after the children, do the housework, cook, clean and tidy up and any other right jobs around the house. Men did what were considered to be the more valuable administrative, management and labouring jobs. Women now have equal opportunities in education and employment. However current figures suggests that womens pay is 18% lower than mens. Women still hold fewer top jobs and seem to profit less from school teaching often these jobs are not highly paid. Men often get the more highly paid jobs, such as becoming head teachers, even within areas of work dominated by women. When it comes to domestic work, men still generally do less of the childcare, washing and cooking, although they may do more gardening and maintenance jobs. Possible positive some people may not experience disadvantage. Some people may not be discriminated against. Possible negative some groups of people may experience disadvantage. In the past, women did not have the same opportunities and men. http://www.tes.co.uk/ResourceDetail.aspx?storyCode=6121419

Gender
Some key differences in gender role in the 1950s:
Men
Expected to work full time

Women
Expected to support husband in work by undertaking household duties, washing, cleaning, cooking Expected to care for children and older relatives as necessary Expected to look after and clean home. Might do part-time or light work to improve household income if no childcare work needed
Might take on mens work if country went to war and there were not enough men to work in factories, etc.

Expected to provide money to pay for housing and family Expected to organise household and do household repairs
Expected to be able to fight for country if necessary

Extension- Read the following case study and answer the questions.
Leon lives with his partner Imran. They are both 22 years of age and live together in a rented flat. Imran is studying to become a doctor. He works long hours and sometimes does not see Liam for two or three days. They would like to get married but Imrans parents are against the marriage as Liam is from a different culture and is male. This has caused great distress to both Liam and Imran but they are determined to go ahead with their plans when Imrans training is finished. As Liam is the only one earning money, they sometimes find it difficult to pay the rent and buy what they need. This has meant they have seen less of their friends. Explain the effect this might have on Imrans relationship with his parents. (4) Explain two effects that culture and gender is having on Liam and Imrans current life style. (6) Discuss how marrying someone from a different gender and cultural background might affect an individuals development. (8)

Questions to answer
Family What does primary socialisation mean? What functions does family have? How can family affect PIES? Think back.In My Sisters Keeper what affect did the family have? Friends How does friendship affect PIES? How does friendship relate to the life stages? Why is it important to have friends?

TASK- Work through each of the following questions. Write the question first and answer the question as if it was an exam question. Remember SPG is taken into consideration!

Education What age do you go to school from and to? How does education affect PIES? What is secondary socialisation? What are peers? And why are they important for development? What affect does exam success have?

Employment How does work affect PIES? How can unemployment affect PIES? Community What is a community? How will community positively affect PIES? How could community affect PIES negatively?

Go back to the A3 grid and write down a reason for each factor how it can positively and negatively effect your growth and development.
Then fill in your What I know now at the beginning of the lesson.
Lets go back to start and see how much weve learnt today!

STARTERFill in the What I knew before under the titled page Economic Factors. TASKOnce you have done that write down the definition for each of the factors on your A3 grid at the beginning of the topic.

Lets Start!

ECONOMIC FACTORS

Activity Write down the definitions for the Economic factors in your grid. CHALLENGE yourself by placing in an example to show a high level of understanding. Just do the definitions!!!!

Income, Wealth, Employment status & Occupation

TaskWork with the person next to you and create a list of the things that people would be able to do with a high and a low income.
People with a high income People with a low income

Income and expenditure

Income- the money people receive from their work, savings, benefits from the state.
Expenditure- the money we spend on essential items such as housing, food, clothes, utilities and the money we spend on non-essential items such as designer label clothing, video games. People with a smaller income are more likely to have a poor diet and live in an inadequately heated home. Key groups of people who have to live on very little money include one parent families, people who are unemployed, elderly people, people who are sick or disabled. Personal development can be affected by a number of key money related factors. People with a low income and who experience poverty, are the most likely to suffer ill health, and have opportunities for personal development restricted.

A lack of income may mean a lack of resources, and a lack of living in the minimum acceptable way in society. Essential items include clothing, food, and housing.
Those people without the means to pay for essential items are deemed as living in absolute poverty. Some people can afford resources but not much else. This is known as relative poverty, as they are poor when compared to the rest of the people in the society. A lack of resources may mean a person finds it hard to take part in the community. This can lead to social exclusion. Children born into families experiencing poverty may find it difficult to escape, and they become trapped in a situation that has a powerful affect on the way they develop.

The way income affects growth and development

Growth Diet: people on lower incomes have a poorer diet as they have less money to spend on a healthy diet and poorly educated people have a lack of knowledge of what a healthy diet is. Not eating enough protein, carbohydrates and fats can lead to stunted growth, whilst a fatty diet can lead to obesity. Exercise: low income families carry-out less exercise, They may not feel safe exercising outdoors in their neighbourhoods, don't have public facilities to go to even if safety were not an issue, and can't afford private facilities. Exercise is important for growth as it strengthens muscles and the cardiovascular system. It also boosts the immune system. Lower income families have a higher incidence of obesity. Medical Care: Better educated people tend to have access to medical specialists and dentists more easily and more frequently, while people with less income tend to use GPs and emergency services only when they are seriously ill, even when their access to health services is free. This affects their overall health. Development Travel: this could affect a persons intellectual growth as travel broadens the mind. Leisure: a persons social and emotional development could be affected by the lack of leisurely activities such as feeling lonely and isolated. Housing: this could affect a persons emotional development as living in poor housing could lead to feelings of despair.

Individuals who have a low income and cannot afford basic human needs such as food, clothing, shelter & warmth. These people are more likely to suffer with ill health & have their opportunities for personal development restricted.

Absolute Poverty
Find themselves without the basic means as they are unable to pay for essential items:
Clothing (warmth) Food Housing (shelter)

Relative Poverty
A person is poor compared to other members of society.
Wouldnt have same access to services Cannot afford same material possessions as others (eg. ipod) Prone to social exclusion Reduced opportunities

People like you and me

Stick the following table into your books and write down examples of jobs for each category
Our income and employment partly determines our social class. This also has an impact upon a persons self concept and their emotional and social development.
Class Definition Professional and high administrative Example

What are the different social classes? the Upper Class Often people with inherited wealth. Includes some of the oldest families, with many of them being titled aristocrats. the Middle Class The majority of the population of Britain. They include industrialists, professionals, business people and shop owners. Lower or Working Class People who are agricultural, mine and factory workers.

2
3

Management and executive

Inspectoral, supervisory and other non-manual, higher grade Inspectoral, supervisory and other non-manual, lower grade Skilled Manual and routine grades of non-manual Semi-skilled manual Unskilled manual

5 6 7

Things to remember A Discuss question needs you to start off by defining it. This is 10 marks so you need 5 well explained points. Spelling punctuation and grammar is key! You need to have balance in your answer. Dont forget that conclusion otherwise you wont get past 3 marks. TAKE YOUR TIME DONT RUSH IT.

Discuss the how poverty can affect a persons growth and development. (10 marks) Due next lesson!

Write down a list of all the possessions you feel you couldnt live without.

These are important to meet our physical needs. Life is much more pleasant for adolescents with iPod, HD TVs and the latest console games.
People who have to buy these things may have spent a great deal of money on them over a period of time and will have pleasure in showing them to friends. However people on a low income will be unable to do this.

How do having material possessions affect us intellectually, emotionally and socially?

Being able to afford things can make individuals happy whilst not being able to afford things can result in the person being sad or resentful. Individuals could also become socially isolated if they cannot afford to socialise with their friends.

Go back to the A3 grid and write down a reason for each factor how it can positively and negatively effect your growth and development.
Then fill in your What I know now at the beginning of the lesson.
Lets go back to start and see how much weve learnt today!

Physical Environment factors

These include pollution, noise, housing conditions and rural/urban lifestyles

Lets Start!

PHYSICAL ENVIORNMENT FACTORS

Activity Write down the definitions for the Physical Environment factors in your grid. CHALLENGE yourself by placing in an example to show a high level of understanding.
Just do the definitions!!!!

Environmental Factors
TASK-Look at the bottom right box of your sheet and answer the questions in your booklet.

Urban/Rural Lifestyles Urban lifestyles result from living in cities or large towns; they result in a higher level of stress and faster pace of life. Rural lifestyles are associated with a slower pace of life, a tranquil countryside environment and a closer community. However these can be stereotypes; some people find rural life stressful and others find busy cities provide lots of opportunities. Housing Conditions Overcrowded or neglected properties provide the conditions that can lead to respiratory disorders. Cramped housing can also affect babies and children who need enough space to be active and to play. People with low incomes are less able to afford a good standard of housing and less able to maintain it and heat it adequately.

Air/Noise Pollution Physical growth and development can be directly affected by pollution in the air. Carbon monoxide and other harmful gas emissions from vehicles, ships and factories can be damaging to a persons respiratory; babies and children can have their growth potential restricted. Noise pollution can damage a persons hearing and psychological wellbeing and cause stress, sleep disturbance and high blood pressure.

YOUR PHYSICAL ENVIORNMENT

The sort of environment a person lives in has a big effect on how they grow and develop. If a person lives in a rural area it may be very safe. There are still some areas where shop keepers can leave their shop open when they are not there, and trust customers to serve themselves and list what items they have taken, leaving the appropriate amount of money. There are many types of housing which exist in the UK. These can be split into categories, such as: Detached Semi-detached Terraced Bungalow Flat City apartment.

Task 1.Investigate the sorts of housing available in your local area. 2.Which sort of housing is most common? 3.Explain how during the life course, certain types of housing may be suitable at particular times in peoples lives, e.g. many people in later adulthood choose to live in bungalows why do you think this is? 4.How might overcrowding in the home affect a persons intellectual development in childhood and adolescence?

Go back to the A3 grid and write down a reason for each factor how it can positively and negatively effect your growth and development.
Then fill in your What I know now at the beginning of the lesson.
Lets go back to start and see how much weve learnt today!

Psychologic al factors
These include stress, relationships within the family, friends and partners

Lets Start!

Stress is what we feel when we feel challenged or threatened by the demands that other people or situations place on us. The more we feel we are unable to cope, the more stressed we feel. Extreme stress can cause eczema, asthma, high blood pressure and migraines as well as anxiety and depressions. It can occur in any life stage and can be caused by pressure at school, work or conflicts in the family.

Relationships can become stressful for many reasons. Problems with the behaviour of children and teenagers can cause difficulties and arguments can affect the self-esteem of all involved. A breakdown of friendships can also cause people to question themselves and feel hurt.

Stick the following sheets in your book.

Read through the text and use the word bank at the bottom to fill in the gaps.

STRESS AND THE IMPACT ON RELATIONSHIPS.

SET THIS OUT IN ANY WAY THAT YOU WANT. WHAT I WANT IS FOR YOU TO HAVE EACH RELATIONSHIP WITH REASONS OF HOW IT CAN AFFECT A PERSONS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT.
FAMILY

STRESS AND THE IMPACT OF RELATIONSHIPS

PARTNERS

FRIENDS

HOMEWORK
ASSESS THE IMPACT THAT STRESS CAN HAVE ON FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS. (10) MARKS.
Due next lesson!

Things to remember

An ASSESS question needs you to be comparing and contrasting. This is 10 marks so you need 5 well explained points. Spelling punctuation and grammar is key! You need to have balance in your answer. Dont forget that conclusion otherwise you wont get past 3 marks. TAKE YOUR TIME DONT RUSH IT.

Go back to the A3 grid and write down a reason for each factor how it can positively and negatively effect your growth and development.
Then fill in your What I know now at the beginning of the lesson.
Lets go back to start and see how much weve learnt today!

How these factors are related to the formation of, and possible change in, an individuals self-concept. How genetic and environmental factors can affect an individuals pattern of growth and development

Lets Start!

GUESS WHAT TIME IT IS???????

NOW THAT WE HAVE LEARNT ALL OF THE TOPIC, LETS PUT YOUR NEW KNOWLEDGE ON PAPER. YOU HAVE 50 MINUTES TO COMPLETE THIS. ALL MUST BE IN SILENCE! GOOD LUCK!