WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS

Material Specification Metals

GMW8

Hot Dip Zinc Coatings for Sheet Steel

1.5.3 Unexposed (U). A minimum spangle finish used for non-critical appearance applications. See paragraph 3.1.3.3. 1.5.4 Temper Rolled (T). This surface shall have sufficient temper rolling such that luders lines or stretcher strain will not show when formed and painted. All other requirements are the same as U surface described above.

1 Scope
This standard covers the requirements for hot dip coatings, both galvanized and galvannealed, applied to a sheet steel substrate utilizing a continuous hot dip process. The substrate may be cold or hot rolled sheet steel. Additional requirements or agreements shall be specified by regional GM Automotive Operations (GM) business units [e.g., North America (GMNA), Europe (GME), Latin America (GMLAAM), and Asia Pacific (GMAP)]. 1.1 Material Description. The type of coating and its mass and finish are specified by suffixes added to the basic specification number. The first two letters HD will designate a continuous hot dip coating. The coating mass for each side is designated by a minimum value in g/m2. Only coating masses shown in Table 1 shall be used unless Materials Engineering is consulted. Other coating masses shall follow the same designation method. The letter G designates a pure zinc coating (galvanized) and the letter A designates a zinc-iron alloy (galvannealed) coating. The first set of digits along with the letter designation specifies the coating parameters of the unexposed side. The remaining designation specifies E (exposed), Z (semi-exposed), U (unexposed), or T (temperrolled). 1.2 Symbols. Not applicable. 1.3 Typical Applications. Sheet metal parts consisting of steel grades as described in GMW2M, GMW3032M or GMW3399M. 1.4 Remarks. Not applicable. 1.5 Finish Suffixes. 1.5.1 Exposed (E). A finish produced by eliminating all visual spangle pattern and surface defects per paragraph 3.1.3.3, to be used for critical appearance applications. 1.5.2 Semi-exposed (Z). A spangle free finish produced by minimizing surface defects per paragraph 3.1.3.3 is used for secondary visible surfaces that do not require an exposed quality finish.

2 References

Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified. 2.1 External Standards/Specifications. ASTM D1876 EN 10049 ISO 1460 ISO 4587 9984001 B 440 0648 B 040 1270 B 440 1271 GM3624M GM6180M GME 60410 GMW2 GMW11 GMW3001 GMW3011 GMW3032 GMW3059 GMW3399 GMW4795 ISO 7438 ISO/TS 16949 SAE J911

2.2 GM Standards/Specifications. GMW14019 GMW14057 GMW14058 GMW14699 GMW14700 GMW14706 GMW14729 GMW14829 GMW15056 GMW15200 L 000 0058 L 000 0726 L 000 0728 L 000 0780 LTP.ME.339

2.3 Additional References. Auto/Steel Partnership Weld Quality Test Method Manual (AZ-017-02295 1.0C RI).

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Originating Department: North American Engineering Standards

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GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS

3.1.1.4 Surface Treatment. Products coated with a designated lubricant (e.g., mill oil or prelube) shall comply with GMW14019. 3.1.2 Mechanical Requirements. 3.1.2.1 Coating Bend Test. All bend tests shall be conducted in accordance with ISO 7438. For all steels supplied according to GMW2 and GMW3032 (with 0.2% offset yield strength < 500 MPa), a 0T (Zero T) bend test shall be performed. Test specimens of coated metal shall be capable of being bent through 180 degrees in any direction without flaking of the coating on the outside of the bend only. For steels supplied to GMW3032 with 0.2% offset yield strength > 500 MPa and all GMW3399 grades, the steel must be capable of a 90 degree test in any direction with a maximum test radius (r) related to the steel thickness (t) without flaking on the outside of the bend. Refer to Appendix B for maximum bend test radii for each grade and a diagram of the test setup. For testing of all steels, flaking of the coating within 6 mm of the edge of the bend test shall not be cause for rejection. The specimens shall not be cut < 25 mm from the coil edges of the test sheet. 3.1.2.2 Coated Base Metal. The mechanical properties of the coated material in the as delivered condition shall conform to the requirements specified in the applicable GMW or industry substrate standards. 3.1.3 Physical Requirements. Coating mass and finish quality shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.

3 Requirements
The following paragraph defines specific requirements for material on delivery, processing, performance, and other stages during life cycle. 3.1 Requirements on Delivery. 3.1.1 Chemical Requirements. 3.1.1.1 Free Zinc Coatings. The coating produced shall consist of pure zinc and only minimum alloy layer. Pure zinc coatings may contain 75 ppm maximum cadmium and 100 ppm maximum lead, and must meet the requirements of GMW3059. The coatings shall not contain trace elements that are detrimental to adhesive bondability, phosphateability or paintability. 3.1.1.2 Zinc-Iron Alloy Coatings. The coating is produced on a continuous hot dipped galvanizing line followed by a thermal treatment. The zinc-iron alloy shall be a completely alloyed coating. This product is not spangled and has the tendency to powder when severely formed. For this reason, the bulk iron content of the coating shall be 8 to 12% by mass, when tested per GMW4795 or other regionally accepted specification, in order to eliminate flaking problems. Zinc-iron coatings may contain 75 ppm maximum cadmium and 100 ppm maximum lead, and must meet the requirements of GMW3059. 3.1.1.3 Base Metal. The sheet steel base metal chemical composition shall conform to the requirements specified in GMW2, GMW3032, or GMW3399.

Table 1: Preferred Coatings and Coating Mass Requirements Note 1, Note 2

50G50G Exposed Coating Designation Semi-exposed Coating Designation Unexposed Coating Designation Minimum Average Coating Mass Each Side by Triple Spot Test (g/m2) Maximum Average Coating Mass Each Side by Triple Spot Test (g/m2) Minimum Coating Mass for any 2 Individual Spot (g/m ) Coating Thickness Each Side Note 1 Min/max (microns):
Note 3

60G60G E Z U 60 90 50 8.5/12.7

70G70G E Z U 70 100 60 9.9/14.1

90G90G N/A Z U 90 120 75 12.7/16.9

45A45A E N/A U 45 60 40 6.3/8.5

52A52A E N/A U 52 74 45 7.3/10.4

E Z U 50 70 43 7.9/9.9

Note 1: Coating thicknesses are shown for reference only, not for conformance to specification requirements. Note 2: Other coating masses may be used by exception. Refer to Deviations section. Note 3: Semi-exposed designation is not applicable for GME. Note 4: N/A = Not applicable Copyright 2008 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved

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3.1.3.1 Coating Mass. ISO 1460 shall be used for determination of coating mass of hot dip zinc coatings. Test sample size shall be 2000 mm2 minimum with a preferred sample size of 3330 mm2 (57.7 0.1 mm square or 65.1 0.1 mm in diameter). Coating mass shall be measured by triple spot test and must conform to the values in Table 1. The mass shall be the average of 3 measurements taken across the width of the strip at least 25 mm from each edge. In no case shall the lowest value of any of the three test samples fall below the minimum individual spot requirement in Table 1. Each side should be measured separately to ensure that the requirements of Table 1 are met. 3.1.3.2 Coating Thickness. Coating thickness measurements may be used for routine quality control evaluations. Coating thickness shall be measured using a suitable layer thickness gauge, on-line x-ray gauge or from a specimen cut perpendicular to the panel surface. Suitable instruments for evaluation of coating thickness (e.g., eddy current, ferromagnetic, or metallurgical microscope) shall have a capability of 1.0 m accuracy. When using a metallurgical microscope, standard mounting practices shall be used and thickness shall be measured at 1000x magnification. The referee method for determining coating thickness shall be coating mass, as specified in 3.1.3.1. For conversion between coating thickness and coating mass, the density 3 factor of 7.1 g/cm shall be used for pure zinc and zinc-iron alloy (galvannealed) coatings. 3.1.3.3 Coating Surface Quality. The steel shall be free from surface defects as negotiated between purchaser and supplier. For unexposed (U) surfaces defects such as, slight indentations, small marks, minor scratches, and slight coloring, which do not affect corrosion resistance, formability or the application of surface coatings are allowed. Exposed (E) surface shall be free of defects which might affect the uniform appearance of a quality paint or an electrolytic coating (elpo, electrodeposited primer, cathodic e-coat). Semiexposed (Z) surfaces are spangle free and skin passed to impart a higher degree of smoothness than is normal for as coated products. Certain applications require that both surfaces of the steel be of exposed (E) or semi-exposed (Z) surface quality. Temper rolling may be required and shall be specified with a (T) designation. The other surfaces shall conform at least to surface quality U. Regulations in detail will be issued by the responsible formability analysis organization (e.g., GMNA Manufacturing Engineering Metal Parts Specification (MPS) sheet, GMIO responsible

GMW8

manufacturing or metallurgical engineering document, etc.). 3.1.3.4 Surface Texture. Surface texture for all surfaces (E, Z, U, and T) shall be tested to SAE J911 and conform to GM6180M and/or EN 10049 unless otherwise specified. Regulations in detail will be issued by the responsible formability analysis organization (e.g., GMNA Manufacturing Engineering Metal Parts Specification (MPS) Sheet, GME-MEP Manufacturing Engineering Document, etc. on basis of existing standards). 3.1.4 Additional Requirements. 3.1.4.1 Marking. Unless otherwise agreed at the time of ordering, marking shall be carried out on the unexposed surface of full finish coils for the outer panels and on the outer side of the coils for inner panels. The marking shall be agreed on upon between the supplier and purchaser. The ink used for marking shall be released by the purchaser. 3.1.4.2 Other Requirements. Requirements such as tolerances on product shape and dimensions, inspections units, number of tests, sampling, test conditions, retests, inspection documents, packing, and handling of disputes shall be agreed upon between supplier and the local business unit. 3.2 Processing Requirements. 3.2.1 Additional Requirements. 3.2.1.1 Phosphateability and Paintability. For painted applications, the coated surface shall be capable of achieving a high quality zinc phosphate conversion coating according to GMW3011. For GMNA applications, steel must be compatible with phosphate and paint systems and must meet 9984001. The paint adhesion shall be tested on E-coated samples and must fulfill the requirements of GMW14829 (cross hatch test as received and after 120 h humidity exposure per GMW14729, Rating 0) and GME 60410 (delamination test). For fully painted applications on exposed (E) surfaces, the material shall meet the requirements of the stone chip resistance test according to GMW14700, method A (or B) and method C, with a minimum stone impact resistance rating of 8. 3.2.1.2 Welding. 3.2.1.2.1 Pressure Welding Applications. Precoated flat products furnished to this specification shall be suitable for resistance spot welding per the Auto/Steel Partnership Weld Quality Test Method Manual (AZ-017-02295 1.0C RI) and/or to GMW14057. If necessary, special measures shall be taken.

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GMW8

GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS 6 Approved Sources

Engineering qualifications of an approved source are required for this standard. Only sources listed in the GM Materials File (i.e., GM Supply Power) under this standard number have been qualified by engineering as meeting the requirements of this standard. For other GM locations, the responsible engineering group should be contacted to obtain the approved source in that individual country.

3.2.1.2.2 Fusion Welding Applications. Precoated flat products furnished to this specification shall be suitable for fusion welding as agreed upon by the supplier and purchaser and/or GMW14058. If necessary, special measures shall be taken. 3.2.1.3 Adhesive Compatibility. For bonded applications, the surfaces of the hot-dip zinc coated flat products furnished to this specification shall be capable of being adhered with the respective adhesives specified for the particular application. For GMNA, GMLAAM, and GMAP, the adhesive compatibility must meet the requirements of GM3624M. For GME, the steel approved to this specification shall be tested according to the test matrix in Appendix C. The only acceptable separation mode of the adhesive to the steel shall be cohesive within the adhesive layer. Adhesive separation of the adhesive layer to a test substrate shall be deemed unacceptable. 3.2.1.4 Zinc-Iron Alloy Coating Powdering. ZincIron Alloy (galvannealed) coated sheet steel shall be tested for excessive powdering during forming according to GMB LTP.ME.339. 3.3 Requirements on other Stages during Life Cycle. 3.3.1 Chemical Requirements. Provisions shall be made to prevent the addition of such elements (see paragraph 5.2) from scrap or other materials used in the manufacturing process which would impair the recyclability of the finished components.

7 Notes
7.1 Glossary. Not applicable. 7.2 Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Symbols. ASTM ASTM, International CR Cold Rolled CTS Component Technical Specification EG Electrogalvanized EN European Norm GM General Motors GMAP General Motors Asia Pacific GMB GM Brazil GMDAT General Motors Daewoo Auto & Technology GME General Motors Europe GMLAAM General Motors Latin America, Africa, and Middle East GMNA General Motors North America GMW General Motors Worldwide GPSC Global Purchasing and Supply Chain HD Hot Dip (galvanized) HR Hot Rolled ISO International Organization of Standards JIS Japanese Industrial Standards MPa Mega Pascals MPS Manufacturing Engineering Metal Parts Specification SWE Secondary Work Embrittlement VDA German Association of the Automotive Industry (Verband der Automobilindrie)

4 Manufacturing Process
Not applicable.

5 Rules and Regulations

5.1 All materials supplied to this standard must comply with the requirements of GMW3001, Rules and Regulations for Material Specifications. 5.1.1 Quality Requirements. The supplier shall have quality process control procedures compliant with ISO/TS 16949 or as required by GM Global Purchasing and Supply Chain (GPSC) demonstrating that the product will conform to all specification requirements. The data required to be submitted for this specification for each shipment will be determined by the regional manufacturing location. 5.2 All materials supplied to this standard must comply with the requirements of GMW3059, Restricted and Reportable Substances for Parts.

8 Coding System
This standard shall be referenced in other documents, drawings, etc., as follows: Material per GMW8 The coding system for GMW sheet steel specifications on engineering part drawings shall use a nomenclature consisting of material, grade February 2008

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GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS

and coating designation. The coding system for GMW sheet steel specifications on manufacturing engineering documents (i.e., GMNA Manufacturing Engineering Metal Parts Specification (MPS) Sheets) shall also consist of material, grade and coating designation, but with additional designations for type of sheet steel and formability grade for low carbon steel base metals, or type of sheet steel and minimum yield strength for high strength steel base metals. The designation for type of sheet metal used for base metal (i.e., CR for cold rolled, HR for hot rolled), formability grade for low carbon steel base metal or minimum yield strength for high strength steel base metal is contained in the applicable GMW or industry base metal material specification. The coating designation is defined in 1.1. 8.1 Example of Engineering Part Drawing Coding. GMWXM-ST-S-XXX-HD60G60G-U Where: GMW
X

GMW8
=
= = = = =

GMWX M ST CRXXX HD60G60G U

Base Metal Specification Material Type: Metals Category: Steel Steel Metal Type (CR) and Grade (XXX) Coating Designation Surface Quality

9 Release and Revisions

9.1 Release. This specification was originated in June 1996 by the GM-NAO Sheet Metal Specialists Team and a team of GMIO Materials Engineering Experts. It was first approved by GMNAO, Opel ITDC, GMB, Delta Motors, and Holden Ltd. in May 1998. It was first published in October 1998. 9.2 Revisions. Rev C Approval Date SEP 2007 Description (Organization) Revisions to sections 1, 1.1, 1.2: cross-references, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1.1.4, 3.1.2.1, 3.1.3 Table 1, 3.1.3.3, 3.1.3.4, 3.1.4.1, 3.2.1.1, 3.2.1.2.2, 3.2.1.3, 5.3(added), 7 (added), Appendix A (deleted phosphateability/paint appearance, added CrossReference Table), Appendix B (added) Appendix C (added), Deviations - 3.1.2.1 (added), 3.1.3.1 Coating Mass, 3.2.1.3 (deleted).(Global Sheet Metal Specialists Team). Publication Error, Appendix C updated. (Global Sheet Metal Specialists Team).

=
=

Validation Area (GM Worldwide Sequential Number Base Metal Specification Material Type: Metals Category: Steel SubCategory: Sheet Steel Product Type, Grade Coating Designation Surface Quality

GMWX M ST S XXX HD60G60G U

=
= = = = =

8.2 Example of Manufacturing Engineering Document Coding. GMWXM-ST-S-CRXXX-HD60G60G-U Where: GMW

X

FEB 2008

=
=

Validation Area (GM Worldwide Sequential Number

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GMW8

GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS

Appendix A
Table A1: Cross-Reference of Replaced GM Regional Specifications
GMW GMWXM-ST-S (HD50G50GE) GMWXM-ST-S (HD70G70GE) GMWXM-ST-S (HD60G60GZ) GMWXM-ST-S (HD70G70GZ) GMWXM-ST-S (HD90G90GZ) GMWXM-ST-S (HD50G50GU) GMWXM-ST-S (HD60G60GU) GMWXM-ST-S (HD70G70GU) GMWXM-ST-S (HD90G90GU) GMWXM-ST-S (HD45A45AE) GMWXM-ST-S (HD45A45AU) GMWXM-ST-S (HD52A52AE) GMWXM-ST-S (HD52A52AU) GMNA GMXXXXM (HD70G70GE) GMXXXXM (HD60G60GZ) GMXXXXM (HD70G70GZ) GMXXXXM (HD90G90GZ) GMXXXXM (HD60G60GU) GMXXXXM (HD70G70GU) GMXXXXM (HD90G90GU) GMXXXXM (HD45A45AU) GME QS 1010ZV-100 QS 1010ZV-140 QS1010ZV-100 QS 1010ZV-140 GMB EMS.ME.1508(HD45A45AE) EMS.ME.1508(HD45A45AU) EMS.ME.1508(HD52A52AE) EMS.ME.1508(HD52A52AU)

Note: X and XXXX denote GMW and GM North America substrate material specification numbers. Applicable industry standard material specifications may be used to designate the substrate material.

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GMW8

Appendix B B1 Maximum Bend Test Radii for High Strength and Advanced High Strength Steels
Zinc Adhesion Testing shall be performed in accordance to ISO 7438. Table B1: Grade (Coated to GMW8) Grade (Coated to GMW8) GMW3032M-ST-S HR550LA GMW3399M-ST-S CR450T/250Y DP GMW3399M-ST-S CR490T/290Y DP GMW3399M-ST-S CR590T/280Y DP GMW3399M-ST-S CR590T/340Y DP GMW3399M-ST-S CR590T/420Y DP GMW3399M-ST-S CR690T/550Y DP GMW3399M-ST-S CR780T/420Y DP GMW3399M-ST-S CR780T/500Y DP GMW3399M-ST-S CR980T/550Y DP GMW3399M-ST-S CR980T/650Y DP All other GMW3399 steels Max. Test Radius, r 2t 1t 1t 1t 1t 1t 2t 1t 2t 3t 4t 1t

Figure B1: 90 Degree Bend Test Schematic

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GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS

Appendix C
C1: Adhesive Compatibility on New Substrates (GME) Surface Quality Adhesive Temp Time [C] [minutes] Lubrication Adhesion Peel Test Shear Strength Test (ISO 4587) before aging X X X X -

(GMW14706) (ASTM D1876) before aging before aging O O O O O O Sealer & Adhesives

L 000 0726

+ 170 + 190 + 170 + 190 + 170 + 190

20 60 20 60 20 60 Substrate shall be delivered with permitted lubricant (see Lubricants Table)

X X X X X X

L 000 0728

L 000 0780

Surface Quality GMW2 (Uncoated )* GMW11 EGN (ZnNi) GMW11 EGG (ELO) GMW8 HDG (HDG) GMW8 HDA (Galvannealed) GMW15056 (Precoated) GMW11 EGG (prephospated) Other not listed surfaces
*To be tested with L 000 0058
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X X V X X X X X

L 000 0726 Henkel/Teroson 3919 S L 000 0728 Dow Corning Betamate 1496 V

X X X

L 000 0780 Henkel/Teroson Terostat 3233AA-25 Lubricants B 440 0648 (3.0 g/m) B 040 1270 (3.0 g/m) B 440 1271 (3.0 g/m) Spot Lubricant (3.0 g/m) Hotmelt (1.7 g/m) Fuchs Fuchs Fuchs Z&G Z&G Z&G RP 4107 LV RP 4107 PL 3802-39 S PL 61 KTL N 16 Drylube E 1

X V O

Minimal Test (to be tested generally) To be tested only on agreement To be tested only in case of need (adhesion requirements per GMW14706 not met)

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GMW8

Deviations
Requirements for Individual GM Business Units: 3.1.2.1 Coating Bend Test by Bonding. GM Europe: When coating adhesion testing is required according to the Steel Qualification Process GMW14699, coating adhesion testing via bonding shall be performed and the results reported in the qualification package. In this method, degreased samples should be bonded and tested by tensile shear strength test as described in GMW15200-HS. An initial lap shear test and cold test should be performed. The results for lap shear strength should be greater than 16 MPa after initial testing and greater than 12 MPa after cold testing. Coating separation at any strength above 16 MPa for initial test and 12 MPa for cold test is acceptable. The ultimate strength and separation mode, according to GMW15200, shall be reported. 3.1.3.1 Coating Mass. GM North America: Maximum coating mass on hot rolled base is increased by 20g/m2 for HD60G60G, HD70G70G and HD90G90G. GM Asia Pacific (Isuzu): The following additional coating mass designations shall apply for Isuzu.

Table Dev 1: Coatings for Isuzu Applications Property Exposed Coating Designation Unexposed Coating Designation Coating Mass, E/U side (Triple Spot Test), minimum to maximum: Coating Thickness, minimum to maximum: E/U side, g/m
2

Unit 25A25A E U 25 to 45 3.5 to 6.3

Grade 35A35A E U 35 to 55 4.9 to 7.7

3.2.1.1 Phosphateability and Paintability. GM Asia-Pacific (Holden): Material shall be supplied unpassivated/unchromated.

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