PVC - Exemplo 1 - Mtodo de Colocao X Galerkin

Com funes polinomiais

dx

u( x) u( x) = 1

0x1

u(0) = 1

x := 0 , 0.01 .. 1

u(1) = 1

Soluo analtica:
x

u a( x ) :=

e +e

1 x

e+1

Mtodos Numricos - Resduos Ponderados

Famlia de funes de aproximao propostas

x ( 1 x)
2

x ( 1 x)
3

( x ) := x ( 1 x )
4

x ( 1 x)
5

x ( 1 x)

1 2x

2x 3x2
2
3
d( x ) := 3 x 4x
3
4
4x 5x
4
5
5x 6x

6x

2
d2( x ) := 6 x 12x
2 20x 3
12x

20x 3 30x 4

(1) Mtodo de Colocao

d

dx

u( x) u( x) = 1

Para
d

N=2

0x1

u h ( x ) = C1 1 ( x ) + C2 2 ( x ) + 1

dx

u ( x) uh( x) = 1
2 h

x 1 := 0.25

x 2 := 0.75

2 C1 + C2 ( 2 6x ) C1 x ( 1 x ) C2 x ( 1 x ) = 1

( 2 x + x2

2 6x x + x

) C1 = 1
C

Frmula Matricial
x 1 := 0.25
x 2 := 0.75

2.1875 C1 + .453125 C2 = 1
2.1875 C1 2.640625 C2 = 1

2.1875 .453125 C1 = 1

2.1875 2.640625 C2 1

 C1 0.39 0.067 1 C1 .457

=

=
C2 0.323 0.323 1 C2 0
u h1( x ) := 0.45714 x ( x 1 ) + 1
x 1 := 0

C1 2 2 1 C1 0
=

=
C2 2 4 1 C2 6

x2 = 1
2

u h2( x ) := 6 x ( x 1 ) + 1

1
0.8

ua( x)
uh1( x)
uh2( x)

0.6
0.4
0.2
0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

Formulao Variacional

V = { u em C0 |

u(0)=u(1)=0 }

2
d u ( x ) d ( x) + u ( x ) ( x ) dx =
v ( x ) x dx

i
i

dx
dx
0

A u , i =

v in V

d u ( x ) d ( x ) + u ( x ) ( x ) dx

i
i
dx
dx

L i = 1 i( x ) dx

( )

A u h , i =

A u h , i =

d C ( x ) + C ( x) d ( x) + C ( x ) + C ( x) ( x ) dx
( 1 1
(1 1
i
2 2 )
2 2 ) i
dx
dx

C d ( x ) + C d ( x ) d ( x ) + C ( x ) + C ( x ) ( x ) dx
1
(1 1
i
1
2
2
2 2 ) i
dx
dx
dx
1

d
d
d
d

A u h , i = C 1
1 ( x ) i ( x ) + 1 ( x ) i ( x ) dx + C 2
( x ) i ( x ) + 2 ( x ) i ( x ) dx
dx
dx 2
dx
dx

( )

A 1 , i C 1 + A 2 , i C 2 = L i
C1 + K

i, 1

C2 = F

i, 2

i, 1

( x , i) := x ( 1 x )

= A 1 , i

i := 1 .. N

i, 2

= A 2 , i

0.367 0.183

0.183 0.143

F=

0.167

0.083

C := K

(Ci(x , i)) + 1
i= 1

ua( x)

0.95

N 2

uhn( x)
0.9

0.85

( )

F = L i
i

F := ( x , i) 1 dx
i

u hn( x ) :=

j := 1 .. N

K :=
( x , i ) ( x , j ) + ( x , i ) ( x , j ) dx
i, j
d
dx
0 x

K=

0.5

1
x

C=

0.455

PVC - Exemplo 1 - Mtodo de Colocao X Galerkin

Com funes trigonomtricas

dx

u( x) u( x) = 1

0x1

u(0) = 1

x := 0 , 0.01 .. 1

u(1) = 1

Soluo analtica:
x

u a( x ) :=

e +e

1 x

e+1

Mtodos Numricos - Resduos Ponderados

Famlia de funes de aproximao propostas

( x ) := cos x sin x + 1
2 2
(1) Mtodo de Colocao
d

dx

u( x) u( x) = 1

Para
d

N=2

u h ( x ) = C1 1 ( x ) + 1

dx

0x1

u ( x) uh( x) = 1
2 h

x 1 := 0.25

C1 cos x sin x
2 2
1
1
2

C1 sin x cos x C1 cos x sin x 1 = 1
2

2 2
x 1 := 0.25
1
1
2

C1 sin 0.25 cos 0.25 C1 cos 0.25 sin 0.25 1 = 1

2
2
2
2

C11 := .52042871485970976912

u h1( x ) := C11 cos x sin x + 1
2
2

x 2 := 0.5
1
1
2

C1 sin 0.5 cos 0.5 C1 cos 0.5 sin 0.5 1 = 1
2

2 2
C12 := .36799867340150092982

u h2( x ) := C12 cos x sin x + 1
2
2

1
ua( x)
uh1( x)
uh2( x)

0.94
0.88
0.82
0.76
0.7

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

Formulao Variacional

V = { u em C0 |

u(0)=u(1)=0 }

d u ( x ) d ( x) + u ( x ) ( x ) dx =
1 dx

i
i

dx
dx
0

A u , i =

v in V

d u ( x ) d ( x ) + u ( x ) ( x ) dx

i
i
dx
dx

L i = 1 i( x ) dx

( )

A u h , i =

d C ( x ) + C ( x) d ( x) + C ( x ) + C ( x) ( x ) dx
( 1 1
(1 1
i
2 2 )
2 2 ) i
dx
dx

A u h , i =

C d ( x ) + C d ( x ) d ( x ) + C ( x ) + C ( x ) ( x ) dx
1
(1 1
i
1
2
2
2 2 ) i
dx
dx
dx
1

d
d
d
d
A u h , i = C 1
1 ( x ) i ( x ) + 1 ( x ) i ( x ) dx + C 2
2 ( x ) i ( x ) + 2 ( x ) i ( x ) dx
dx

dx
dx
dx

( )

A 1 , i C 1 + A 2 , i C 2 = L i
K

C1 + K

i, 1

C2 = F

i, 2

( x , i) := cos x sin x
2 2

i, 1

i := 1 .. N

= A 1 , i

i, 2

= A 2 , i

j := 1 .. N

K :=
( x , i ) ( x , j ) + ( x , i ) ( x , j ) dx
i, j
dx
dx
0

F := ( x , i) 1 dx
i

( )

F = L i
i

K = ( 1.359 )

F = ( 0.318 )

N
( C ( x , i ) ) +
u hn( x ) :=

i = 1

C := K

1
1
3
8 cos x sin x

2
2

1 simplify
2

+ 1

1
ua( x)
uhn( x)

0.9

N 1

uh1( x)
uh2( x)

0.8

0.7

0.5

1
x

C = ( 0.234 )