Contents

vii

3.1 1
3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15

b I N E CALCULATIONS Eramgk 3-10 M i n e e m i e n c y MULTISTAGE TURBINES

PUMPSANDCOMPRESSORS STRATEGIES FOR APPLYING THE JWTROPY BALANCE

ADDITIONAL STEADY-STATE EXAMPLES Exanrple 3 . 2l Heat pump analysis Example 3.12 Entropy in a heat exchanger 3.16 UNSTEADY-STATE OPEN SYSTEMS (Optional) EuzmpIe 3.13 Entropy c h g e in a leaky tank EuMtple 3.14 An ideal gas leaking through o turbine (unsteady-state) N BRlEF 3.17 THE ENTROPY BALANCE I 3.18 SUMMARY 3.19 PRACTICE PROBLEMS 3.20 HOMEWORK PROBLEMS

CHAPTER 4 TELEBMODYNAMICS OF PROCESSES

4.1 4.2

THE CARNOT CYCLE THE RANTUNE CYCLE Euunple 4.1 R a n h e cyck

Example 4.2 Two-phase turbine output

4.4

RANiUNE MODIFlCATlONS Enample 4.3 RanRine with reheat Exansple 4.4 Regenerative Rankine cyck REFRIGERATION
Example 4.5 Refigeration by vapor-compression cycle LIQUEFACTION Example 4.6 Liquefacction of m t k by the t i d e process INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Emqk 4.7 Air-standard Bmyton cycle t k d efiiency Exiunple 4.8 Thermal eficimuy o f he Ofto engine Example 4.9 Thermal efkiency o f a Diesel engine FLUIDFLOW PROBLEM-SOLVINGSTRATEGlES PRACTICE PROBLEMS HOMEWORK PROBLEMS

4 . 7 4 . 8 4 . 9
4.10

UNIT II GENERALIZED ANALYSIS OF FLUID PROPERTIES

CHAPTER 5 CLASSICAL THERMODYNAMICSGENERALIZATION TO ANY FLUID
5. I 5.2

THE FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTY RELATION DERIVATIVE RELATIONS Example 5.1 Pressure dependence of H Example 5.2 Entropy change with respect to T a t constant P f T and P Example 5.3 Entropy as a function o

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