Laboratory Activity No.

12

Learning Objective
The students are expected to determine the solubility of food coloring in different solvents.

Theory

states that..

A solution is a homogeneous mixture containing a solute & a solvent.

The substance dissolved in the solvent.
e.g. sugar

The dissolving substance

e.g. water

Most chemical reactions take place in solutions.

A solution can have different concentrations. Thus, a solution is not a compound.

Concentration is the abundance

of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture.

The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of how much of that solute is dissolved in the solvent.

Solubility
The ability of one compound to dissolve in another compound

It is the ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent.

 When a liquid can completely dissolve in another liquid the two liquids are miscible. Two substances that can never mix to form a solution are called immiscible.

 If the solute is a solid and dissolves in a liquid solvent, the solute is said to be soluble.

FACTORS AFFECTING SOLUBILITY

(1) Temperature (2) Nature of solute or solvent (3) Pressure (4) Molecular size (5) Stirring

Temperature
Basically, solubility increases with temperature. It is the case for most of the solvents. The situation is though different for gases. With increase of the temperature they became less soluble in each other and in water, but more soluble in organic solvents.

Polarity
In most cases solutes dissolve in solvents that have a similar polarity. Like dissolves like Non-polar solutes do not dissolve in polar solvents and the other way around.

Polarity

Pressure
The effect of pressure is observed only in the case of gases. An increase in pressure increases of solubility of a gas in a liquid.

Molecular size Stirring

Questions
What do you notice when the drops of food coloring were pushed into the layer?

What is the meaning of the expression like dissolves like?

Reporter: Gessa A. Geloca

BSPharmacy 1A

University of the Immaculate Conception