Class 7: Digestion Organs

Class: Bio 20 Unit: Human Systems Date: March 17 Teacher: Miss Olson

General Learning Outcomes:

1. Explain how the digestive and respiratory systems exchange energy and matter with the environment.

Specific Learning Outcomes: 1.1k: Identify principle structures of the digestive and respiratory systems Materials:

Time: 70 mins 9:50-11:00 Learning Objectives: Students will 1. Identify structures and function involved in the mouth in digestion 2. Investigate the role of saliva in digestion and taste

Resources:

1. Alberta Education program of studies (bio 20). 2. Science Inquiry, Bio 20 textbook 3. Student notes & pictures via Mr. Quintons & Janiskos resource files

-Notes (teacher copy) -PowerPoint Slides -Candy

Teacher Preparation:

-Review notes & make ppt,

Assessment:

-Questioning: key questions -Observation: participation in discussion, copying notes, asking questions when confused, candy tasting exercise

INTRODUCTION: (2 min) Recap: Last class we talked about the anatomy of the digestive system and the 4 components of digestion -What is another name for a valve or circular muscle? spincter -What is another name for a duct? tube -What are the 3 parts of the stomach? fundus, body, pyloric portion -What are the 3 salivary glands? Sublingual, Submaxillary, Parotid gland -What are the 4 components? list them on the board and briefly discuss each one 1. Ingestion: take nutrients in (bolus = food + saliva) 2. Digestion: breakdown of nutrients (chime = food + acid juices in stomach) 3. Absorption: nutrients from GI tract to blood stream (in SI) 4. Egestion: removing waste Agenda: mouth (first organ of digestion) BODY: (66 min) 1. Brainstorm & Notes & Discussion: (30 min) Structures in the mouth used for digestion and breaking apart of food: -Teeth: used to tear/shred our food we have teeth specialized for what we eat humans are omnivores so we have teeth for both plants and animals -Show real human tooth talk about roots wisdom teeth story -Tongue: contains specialized receptors called taste buds gives our food flavor also for shaping food and saliva into the bolus (preparation for swallowing) -Talk about a dry tongue = food has no flavor do candy tasting activity -Saliva: Characteristics: 1300ml is secreted per day pH = 6.8 (slightly acidic) it is 99% water

contains mucin (for lubrication) = talking and eating (swallowing) Enzymes: amylase and maltase (only digests carbs) notice ase Functions: Lubricates and moistens food in the mouth Aids in speech Dissolves food for taste Has a bacterial effect lysozyme Regulation of Saliva Secretion: Psychic stimulation thought of food Chemical stimulation type of food eaten determines secretion Mechanical stimulation physically touching glands (Dentist) Glands in the Mouth: all secrete saliva Sublingual: under the tongue Submaxillary Parotid

2. Candy Tasting: (15-20 min) -Draw and label the tongue Bitter = back of tongue Sweet = front of tongue Salty = back sides Sour = Front sides -Try placing candy on different areas of the tongue. Does the taste change? -Plug your nose and put candy on your tongue. Is the flavor the same? -Dry your tongue, place candy on the tongue. Can you taste anything? 3. Notes (10 min) -Oropharynx: junction between the mouth and the nasal cavity -Epiglottis: flap of tissue that directs food and air down the correct tube -Uvula: not a proven function -Esophagus: tube for food located below the epiglottis, food moves through this tube by gravity and peristalsis 4. Peristalsis Activity/Demo (5 min) -If a student is willing, get them to stand on their head (assistance from me and other students) and swallow water or more candy Is it still possible to swallow if youre upside down? Yes Why? Gravity is only part of it (helps), main action is peristalsis (muscles pushing food down) CLOSURE: (2 min) -Study your anatomy there will be a quiz on sometime this week (not tomorrow) -Tomorrow: Stomach